EP3694469A1 - Antiperspirant stick compositions - Google Patents
Antiperspirant stick compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3694469A1 EP3694469A1 EP18867079.8A EP18867079A EP3694469A1 EP 3694469 A1 EP3694469 A1 EP 3694469A1 EP 18867079 A EP18867079 A EP 18867079A EP 3694469 A1 EP3694469 A1 EP 3694469A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- melting point
- synthetic wax
- aluminum
- antiperspirant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/92—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/34—Alcohols
- A61K8/342—Alcohols having more than seven atoms in an unbroken chain
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/0216—Solid or semisolid forms
- A61K8/0229—Sticks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/26—Aluminium; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/27—Zinc; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/28—Zirconium; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/37—Esters of carboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/58—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus
- A61K8/585—Organosilicon compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/8105—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- A61K8/8111—Homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic olefines, e.g. polyethylene, polyisobutene; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/89—Polysiloxanes
- A61K8/891—Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/92—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof
- A61K8/922—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof of vegetable origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/92—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof
- A61K8/927—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof of insects, e.g. shellac
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q15/00—Anti-perspirants or body deodorants
Definitions
- Sweating is an important physiological function that helps protect the body from overheating.
- sweat glands There are millions of sweat glands distributed over the human body. The majority of sweat glands are “eccrine” sweat glands, which are found in large numbers on the soles of the feet, the palms of the hands, the face, and in the armpits. Eccrine glands secrete an odorless, clear fluid that helps the body control its temperature by promoting heat loss through evaporation.
- Another type of sweat gland is called the "apocrine” gland. Apocrine glands are found in the armpits, chest, and genital region. They produce a thick, oily fluid that produces a characteristic body odor when it comes into contact with bacteria on the surface of the skin. Thus, while sweating is an important
- Antiperspirant compositions are a first line of defense against, or treatment for, excessive sweating of the underarms, hands, feet, etc.
- antiperspirants are applied to the skin to plug sweat ducts and reduce wetness at the areas of application.
- the antiperspirant active ingredients can dissolve in the sweat or moisture on the skin surface.
- the dissolved components of the antiperspirant can form a small plug near the top of the sweat gland, which can reduce the amount of sweat that is secreted to the skin surface.
- antiperspirants also help reduce body odor.
- Antiperspirant compositions are available in a variety of forms, such as sticks, sprays, gels, roll-ons, etc.
- FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating staining properties of various formulations of antiperspirant stick compositions.
- the term “substantially” refers to the complete or nearly complete extent or degree of an action, characteristic, property, state, structure, item, or result.
- an object that is “substantially” enclosed would mean that the object is either completely enclosed or nearly completely enclosed.
- the exact allowable degree of deviation from absolute completeness may in some cases depend on the specific context. However, generally speaking the nearness of completion will be so as to have the same overall result as if absolute and total completion were obtained.
- the use of “substantially” is equally applicable when used in a negative connotation to refer to the complete or near complete lack of an action, characteristic, property, state, structure, item, or result.
- compositions that is "substantially free of particles would either completely lack particles, or so nearly completely lack particles that the effect would be the same as if it completely lacked particles.
- a composition that is "substantially free of an ingredient or element may still actually contain such item as long as there is no measurable effect thereof.
- the term “about” is used to provide flexibility to a numerical range endpoint by providing that a given value may be “a little above” or “a little below” the endpoint. Unless otherwise stated, use of the term “about” in accordance with a specific number or numerical range should also be understood to provide support for such numerical terms or range without the term “about”. For example, for the sake of convenience and brevity, a numerical range of "about 50 milligrams to about 80 milligrams” should also be understood to provide support for the range of "50 milligrams to 80 milligrams.” Furthermore, it is to be understood that in this written description support for actual numerical values is provided even when the term “about” is used therewith. For example, the recitation of "about” 30 should be construed as not only providing support for values a little above and a little below 30, but also for the actual numerical value of 30 as well.
- an “effective amount” refers to an amount of an ingredient which, when included in a composition, is sufficient to achieve an intended compositional or physiological effect.
- an “effective amount” refers to a non-toxic, but sufficient amount of the active agent, to achieve therapeutic results in treating a condition for which the active agent is effective. It is understood that various biological factors may affect the ability of a substance to perform its intended task. Therefore, an “effective amount” may be dependent in some instances on such biological factors. Further, while the achievement of therapeutic effects may be measured by a physician or other qualified medical personnel using evaluations known in the art, it is recognized that individual variation and response to treatments may make the achievement of therapeutic effects a subjective decision.
- weight percent As used herein, all amounts recited in terms of weight percent, weight percentage, percent by weight, and the like (e.g. wt% or w/w%) refer to weight percentages with respect to the total amount of a composition, unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, a "weight ratio" refers to amounts based on weight percent.
- compositions, systems, or methods that provide “improved” or “enhanced” performance. It is to be understood that unless otherwise stated, such "improvement” or “enhancement” is a measure of a benefit obtained based on a comparison to compositions, systems or methods in the prior art. Furthermore, it is to be understood that the degree of improved or enhanced performance may vary between disclosed embodiments and that no equality or consistency in the amount, degree, or realization of improvement or enhancement is to be assumed as universally applicable.
- sweating is an important physiological condition that helps regulate body temperature.
- sweating can also cause embarrassing body odor, wet skin, and wet clothing.
- antiperspirant compositions can act as a first line of defense against excessive or normal sweating.
- antiperspirant compositions are known to cause discoloration of textiles that come into contact with the composition. This can also cause embarrassment to a user of antiperspirants. In some cases, it can further cause additional expense to replace permanently discolored clothing.
- the present disclosure describes effective antiperspirant stick compositions that can help reduce or minimize the discoloration of textiles that come into contact with the composition.
- one cause of induced discoloration of textiles due to contact with an antiperspirant composition can result from specific components used the antiperspirant formulation. Therefore, minimizing or eliminating highly discoloring components from the formulation can reduce or minimize the discoloration of textiles that come into contact with the composition.
- the mere process of sweating can facilitate discoloration of textile materials, especially in the presence of antiperspirant active agents.
- a sweat-sequestering agent in the formulation.
- the sweat-sequestering agent can reduce or minimize the amount of sweat that reaches the textile material.
- the sweat-sequestering agent can facilitate removal of sweat and/or other components of the formulation from the textile material.
- an antiperspirant stick composition can include a synthetic wax having a melting point of less than or equal to 90 °C, a melting point additive present at a weight ratio to the synthetic wax to provide the composition with a melting point greater than or equal to 40 °C, and an effective amount of an antiperspirant active agent.
- the composition can also include less than 2 wt% hydrogenated oils, petrolatum, polyethylenes having a melting point greater than or equal to 60 °C, 12-hydroxystearic acid, the like, and combinations thereof.
- the antiperspirant stick composition can include an amount of a synthetic wax having a melting point less than or equal to 90 °C, a melting point additive in an amount sufficient to provide the composition with a melting point greater than or equal to 40 °C, a fatty alcohol, and an effective amount of an antiperspirant active agent.
- the fatty alcohol and the antiperspirant active agent can be present at a weight ratio of from 2:1 to 1:2.
- the antiperspirant stick composition can include a synthetic wax, a fatty alcohol, a hydrophilic surfactant, a plasticizer, and an effective amount of an antiperspirant agent.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can have a hydrophilic- lipophilic balance (HLB) value greater than 10 and can be present in an amount sufficient to minimize perspiration-induced discoloration of fabric in contact with the composition.
- the plasticizer can be present in an amount effective or sufficient to minimize hardening of the composition due to contact with an aqueous composition.
- the fatty alcohol and the antiperspirant active agent can be present at a weight ratio of from 2:1 to 1:2.
- the antiperspirant stick composition can include a synthetic wax having a viscosity of from about 0.1 centipoise (cps) to about 20 cps at a temperature of 99 °C, a hydrophilic surfactant having an HLB value greater than 10, a plasticizer, and an effective amount of an antiperspirant active agent.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can be present in an amount sufficient to minimize perspiration-induced discoloration of fabric in contact with the composition.
- the plasticizer can be present in an amount sufficient to minimize hardening of the composition due to contact with an aqueous composition.
- Antiperspirant stick compositions can generally include a variety of ingredients, such as structurants (e.g. primary structurants, secondary structurants, etc.), lubricants, masking agents, emollients, bulking agents, active agents, and the like.
- structurants e.g. primary structurants, secondary structurants, etc.
- lubricants e.g. lubricants, masking agents, emollients, bulking agents, active agents, and the like.
- the structurants in stick compositions can also be characterized as carriers for the antiperspirant active agent.
- Primary structurants typically can include any number of compounds or agents that are suitable to help provide and maintain the basic structure and shape of the antiperspirant stick while preventing or minimizing the crystallinity of the stick.
- the primary structurant can help impart structural integrity to the stick composition that is sufficient to withstand typical forces during application of the composition to the skin of a user. Force can be measured using a texture analyzer (e.g. model TAxT2i, or other suitable texture analyzer).
- the texture analyzer typically uses a load cell that measures the force required for fracture of the stick composition.
- the type and amount of the primary structurant can provide a stick composition that fractures at a force of from about 100 g/cm 2 to about 400 g/cm 2 , about 100 g/cm 2 to about 200 g/cm 2 , 200 g/cm 2 to about 300 g/cm 2 , or from about 300 g/cm 2 to about 400 g/cm 2 .
- Non-limiting examples of primary structurants can include fatty acids (or an ester thereof) having from about 8 to about 26 carbon atoms, fatty alcohols (or an ester thereof) having from about 8 to about 26 carbon atoms, natural or synthetic waxes having from about 8 to about 90 carbon atoms, the like, or combinations thereof.
- the primary structurant can have a melting point in the range of about 30 °C to about 90 °C, or from about 35 °C to about 70 °C.
- the primary structurant can include a fatty alcohol, or an ester thereof.
- the fatty alcohol can be or include a saturated or unsaturated C 8 to C 26 fatty alcohol.
- the fatty alcohol can be or include a saturated or unsaturated C 10 to C 22 fatty alcohol, or a saturated or unsaturated C 14 to C 20 fatty alcohol.
- the fatty alcohol can be or include lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, or a combination thereof.
- the fatty alcohol can be or include stearyl alcohol.
- the fatty alcohol can be or include cetyl alcohol.
- the primary structurant can be present in the antiperspirant stick composition in a variety of amounts, depending on the particular structurant employed. In some examples, the primary structurant can be present in the antiperspirant stick composition in an amount from about 12 wt% to about 25 wt%. In yet other examples, the primary structurant can be present in the composition in an amount from about 14 wt% to about 22 wt%, or from about 16 wt% to about 20 wt%.
- the antiperspirant stick composition can further include a secondary structurant.
- secondary structurants can further minimize or prevent crystallinity of the stick composition.
- secondary structurants can increase the cohesiveness, flexibility, and/or stability of the stick composition.
- a very rigid stick composition formulated using only a primary structurant can have lower slip and can feel like it is dragging during application to the skin.
- a secondary structurant can help improve the experience of the user during application by providing increased slip to the stick composition as compared to a composition only employing a primary structurant.
- the addition of a secondary structurant can also provide added stability to the stick composition by decreasing the degree of syneresis (i.e. expulsion or loss of liquids from the composition) as compared to a stick composition employing only a primary structurant.
- secondary structurants can help control or maintain the melting temperature of the stick composition to provide increased thermal stability during storage and/or transportation of the stick composition as compared to a stick composition employing only a primary structurant.
- secondary structurants can be suitable to help provide and maintain the basic structure and shape of the antiperspirant stick.
- Non-limiting examples of secondary structurants can include fatty acids (or an ester thereof) having from about 8 to about 26 carbon atoms, fatty alcohols (or an ester thereof) having from about 8 to about 26 carbon atoms, natural or synthetic waxes having from about 8 to about 90 carbon atoms, alkyl silicone waxes, the like, or combinations thereof.
- the primary structurant can have a melting point in the range of about 30 °C to about 90 °C, or from about 35 °C to about 80 °C.
- the secondary structurant can include a fatty alcohol, or an ester thereof, that is different from any fatty alcohol used as a primary structurant in the formulation.
- the fatty alcohol can be or include a saturated or unsaturated C 8 to C 26 fatty alcohol.
- the fatty alcohol can be or include a saturated or unsaturated C 10 to C 22 fatty alcohol, or a saturated or unsaturated C 14 to C 20 fatty alcohol.
- the fatty alcohol can be or include lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, or a combination thereof.
- the fatty alcohol can be or include cetearyl alcohol. In additional specific examples, the fatty alcohol can be or include cetyl alcohol. Further, where the secondary structurant is or includes a fatty alcohol, the fatty alcohol can typically be present in the composition in an amount from about 0.1 wt% to about 4 wt%, or from about 0.5 wt% to about 2 wt%. In some additional examples, the secondary structurant can be or include fully or partially hydrogenated oils, such as hydrogenated soybean oil, hydrogenated castor oil, hydrogenated plant oils, the like, or combinations thereof.
- Secondary structurants can also include petrolatum, triglycerides, polyethylenes having a melting point greater than or equal to 60 °C, 12-hydroxystearic acid, alkyl silicone waxes, and a variety of other suitable secondary structurants.
- the secondary structurant can be or include a hydrogenated oil, petrolatum, 12-hydroxystearic acid, a polyethylene having a melting point greater than or equal to 60 °C, the like, or a combination thereof.
- these particular secondary structurants can also be highly discoloring of textile materials.
- the antiperspirant stick compositions can include less than 2 wt%, less than 1.5 wt%, less than 1 wt%, or less than 0.5 wt% hydrogenated oils (e.g.
- the antiperspirant composition can include no, or substantially no, hydrogenated oils, petrolatum, 12-hydroxystearic acid, polyethylenes having a melting point greater than or equal to 60 °C, and combinations thereof.
- the secondary structurant can be or include a synthetic wax.
- synthetic waxes can typically have relatively high melting points. Such high-melting-point waxes, in some cases, can cause the antiperspirant stick composition to feel hard and can make it challenging to deliver the composition and antiperspirant active agent to the skin.
- the synthetic wax can have a melting point of less than or equal to 90 °C.
- the synthetic wax can have a melting point less than or equal to 80 °C, or less than or equal to 70 °C.
- a variety of synthetic waxes can be used. In some examples, whether a particular synthetic wax is suitable for use in the present formulations can depend on the solubility of the synthetic wax in, or compatibility of the synthetic wax with, other ingredients in the formulations at a reasonably low temperature. This can help decrease processing temperatures and problems associated with high processing temperatures.
- the synthetic wax can be soluble in, or compatible with, cyclopentasiloxane at a temperature of less than or equal to 100 °C, 95 °C, 90 °C, or 85 °C at a concentration of 5 wt% in the cyclopentasiloxane solvent.
- waxes can be or can include long chain alkanes (e.g. paraffms/iosparaffins), long chain alcohols, alkyl methicones, polyethylenes, alkyldimethylsilyl polypropylsilsesquioxanes, the like, or combinations thereof.
- the synthetic wax can be or include C 18 -C 70 alkanes (e.g. C 18 -C 70 paraffins/isoparaffins), or the like.
- the synthetic wax can be or include C 20 -C 40 alcohols, or the like.
- the synthetic wax can be or include C 30 -C 45 alkyl methicones, or the like.
- the synthetic wax can be or include C 30 -C 45 olefins, or the like. In still other specific examples, the synthetic wax can be or include C 30 -C 4 alkyldimethylsilyl polypropylsilsesquioxanes, or the like. Any suitable combination of the specific synthetic waxes listed above can also be used.
- the synthetic wax includes a long chain alcohol, the synthetic wax can have a hydroxyl number of from about 80 milligrams (mg) potassium hydroxide (KOH)/gram (g) to about 150 mg KOH/g. In some other examples, where the synthetic wax includes a long chain alcohol, the synthetic wax can have a hydroxyl number of from about 100 mg KOH/g to about 140 mg KOH g, or from about 110 mg KOH/g to about 130 mg KOH/g.
- KOH potassium hydroxide
- the synthetic wax can have a variety of sizes and/or or size distributions .
- the synthetic wax can have a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of from about 100 g/mol to about 2000 g/mol.
- the synthetic wax can have an Mw of from about 200 g/mol to about 1200 g/mol.
- the synthetic wax can have an Mw of from about 250 g/mol to about 1000 g/mol.
- the synthetic wax can be either a linear or branched wax, as desired.
- the synthetic wax can be a linear, or substantially linear, synthetic wax.
- the synthetic wax can have less than 20 %, less than 10%, less than 5%, or less than 2% branching.
- the synthetic wax can be a branched wax. Where the synthetic wax is branched, the wax can typically have at least 1%, at least 2%, at least 5%, at least 10%, or at least 15% branching.
- the synthetic wax can have a viscosity of from about 0.1 centipoise (cps) to about 20 cps at a temperature of 99 °C. In other examples, the synthetic wax can have a viscosity of from about 2 cps to about 10 cps at a temperature of 99 °C. In yet other examples, the synthetic wax can have a viscosity of from about 0.2 cps to about 4 cps, or from about 0.5 cps to about 5 cps at a temperature of 99 °C.
- the synthetic wax can have a viscosity of from about 3 cps to about 5 cps, or from about 4 cps to about 8 cps at a temperature of 99 °C.
- the viscosity can be measured using ASTM D88, ASTM D2161, modified versions thereof, or other suitable methods for measuring viscosity.
- the synthetic wax can have a needle penetration value of from about 8 decimillimeters (dmm) to about 30 dmm at 25 °C. In yet other examples, the synthetic wax can have a needle penetration value of from about 10 dmm or 15 dmm to about 25 dmm at 25 °C, or from about 18 dmm to about 22 dmm at 25 °C.
- needle penetration tests are performed on petroleum products and other waxy products to determine consistency and shear stability for design, quality control, and identification purposes. ASTM D1321 describes a specific example of how this test can be performed, though some minor modifications may be advisable when testing some materials.
- the sample can be heated to a predetermined temperature (e.g. a predetermined temperature above its congealing point), subsequently cooled, and placed in a water bath at the test temperature for predetermined time period (e.g. 1 hour).
- a predetermined temperature e.g. a predetermined temperature above its congealing point
- a water bath at the test temperature for predetermined time period (e.g. 1 hour).
- the sample can be positioned under a pentrometer needle, which is released and penetrates into the sample.
- a needle having truncated cone tip can be applied at a load of about 100 grams for about 5 seconds.
- the depth of penetration of the needle into the sample is typically measured in tenths of a millimeter by the penetrometer and is reported as the needle penetration value.
- the synthetic wax can be present in the antiperspirant composition in a variety of amounts. In some examples, the synthetic wax can be present in an amount from about 0.5 wt% to about 3 wt%. In yet other examples, the synthetic wax can be present in an amount from about 1 wt% to about 2.5 wt%, or from about 1.5 wt% to about 2 wt%.
- the synthetic wax may not provide the antiperspirant composition with a sufficiently high melting point to prevent syneresis of some of the liquid components of the formulation.
- the melting point additive can also act as a lubricant, emollient, and/or solvent in the formulation.
- the melting point additive can be suitable to provide or facilitate (or at least not adversely affect) a desired or adequate texture and/or slip for the stick composition while maintaining an overall melting point of the stick composition at a level that would be suitable for typical storage and transportation temperatures.
- the melting point additive can typically be any suitable additive that, when in combination with the other ingredients of the formulation, provides the composition with a melting point greater than or equal to 40 °C, 42 °C, 45 °C, 48 °C, or above without adversely affecting the texture, slip, and/or other desired properties of the stick composition.
- the melting point additive does not actually increase the melting point of the stick composition as compared to the melting point of the stick composition without the melting point additive.
- the melting point additive can be a desired lubricant, emollient, and/or solvent, that does not lower the overall melting point of the stick composition below 40 °C, 42 °C, 45 °C, or 48 °C, for example.
- the melting point additive can provide the antiperspirant stick composition with increased thermal stability at typical transportation and storage temperatures. Accordingly, in some examples, the melting point additive can be present at a weight ratio with the synthetic wax to provide the antiperspirant stick composition with a melting point greater than or equal to 40 °C, 42 °C, 45 °C, 48 °C, or above.
- a variety of melting point additives can be used. Non-limiting examples can include C12-C15 alkyl benzoates, mineral oil, dimethicone, the like, or combinations thereof. In some specific examples, the melting point additive can include C12-C15 alkyl benzoates. In yet other examples, the melting point additive can include mineral oil. Where this is the case, the mineral oil can typically have a Saybolt color (ASTM D156) of at least 30 and/or an ambient viscosity of from about 15 centistokes to about 100 centistokes (est). In some examples, the melting point additive can include dimethicone. Where this is the case, the dimethicone can typically have an ambient viscosity of from about 50 est to about 1000 est.
- the dimethicone can have an ambient viscosity of from about 100 est to about 400 est.
- the melting point additive can be present in the composition in an amount that provides the composition with the desired thermal stability. In some specific examples, the melting point additive can be present in the antiperspirant stick composition in an amount from about 5 wt% to about 20 wt%. In yet other examples, the melting point additive can be present in the antiperspirant stick composition in an amount from about 7 wt% to about 15 wt%, or from about 8 wt% to about 12 wt%. In yet other examples, the melting point additive can be present at a predetermined weight ratio to the synthetic wax.
- the melting point additive and the synthetic wax can be present at a weight ratio of from about 1 :1 to about 15:1 melting point additive to synthetic wax.
- the melting point additive and the synthetic wax can be present at a weight ratio of from about 2:1 to about 10:1, from about 4:1 to about 8:1, or from about 5: 1 to about 7: 1 melting point additive to synthetic wax.
- the antiperspirant stick composition can also include a lubricant.
- the lubricant can be or include a volatile silicone.
- Non- limiting examples of lubricants can include cyclopentasiloxane, cyclohexasiloxane, dimethylpolysiloxane, methylphenylpolysiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane, or combinations thereof.
- the lubricant can be present in the antiperspirant stick composition in a variety of amounts. In some examples, the lubricant can be present in the antiperspirant stick composition in an amount from about 20 wt% to about 40 wt%. In yet other examples, the lubricant can be present in the antiperspirant stick composition in an amount from about 25 wt% to about 35 wt%.
- the antiperspirant can include an emollient to help provide a soothing effect on the skin.
- emollients are known in the art and can be used in the present formulation. Non-limiting examples can include C 12 -C 15 alkyl benzoate, PPG- 13 butyl ether, PPG- 14 butyl ether, PPG-9 butyl ether, PPG- 10 butanediol, PPG- 15 stearyl ether, PPG-3 myristyl ether, stearyl alcohol, stearic acid, glyceryl monoricinoleate, isobutyl palmitate, glyceryl monostearate, isocetyl stearate, sulphated tallow, oleyl alcohol, propylene glycol, isopropyl laurate, mink oil, sorbitan stearate, cetyl alcohol, hydrogenated castor oil, stearyl stearate, hydrogenated so
- emollients can be included in the composition in a variety of amounts.
- the emollient can be included in the antiperspirant stick composition in an amount from about 0.5 wt% to about 35 wt%.
- the emollient can be present in an amount from about 1 wt% to about 30 wt%, from about 7 wt% to about 15 wt%, from about 10 wt% to about 25 wt%, from about 12 wt% to about 22 wt%, or from about 5 wt% to about 18 wt%.
- the antiperspirant stick composition can also include a fragrance.
- Any suitable fragrance can be used in the antiperspirant stick composition.
- fragrance compounds of the ester type are benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethyl benzyl carbinyl acetate (DMBC A), phenylethyl acetate, benzyl acetate, ethyl methyl phenyl glycinate, allyl cyclohexyl propionate, styrallyl propionate, benzyl salicylate, cyclohexyl salicylate, floramat, melusat and jasmecyclate.
- fragrance compounds of the ether type are benzyl ethyl ethers and ambroxan.
- fragrance compounds of the aldehyde type are the linear alkanals having 8-18 C atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyl oxyacetaldehyde, cyclamen aldehyde, lilial and bourgeonal.
- fragrance compounds of the ketone type are ionones, alpha-isomethyl ionone and methyl cedryl ketone.
- fragrance compounds of the alcohol type are anethol, citronellol, eugenol, geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol and terpineol.
- fragrance compounds of the terpene type are limonene and pinene. Additional examples of fragrance compounds are pine oil, citrus oil, jasmine oil, patchouli oil, rose oil, ylang-ylang oil, muscatel sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, lime blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, olibanum oil, galbanum oil, laudanum oil, orange blossom oil, neroli oil, orange peel oil and sandalwood oil, also the essential oils such as angelica root oil, aniseed oil, arnica flower oil, basil oil, bay oil, bergamot oil, champaca flower oil, noble fir oil, noble fir cone oil, elemi oil, eucalyptus oil, fennel oil, spruce needle oil, geranium oil, gingergrass oil, guaiac wood oil, gurjun balsam oil, helichrysum oil, hon-sho oil, ginger oil, iris oil
- fragrance compounds are ambrettolide, a-amylcinnamaldehyde, anethol, anisaldehyde, anisic alcohol, anisol, methyl anthranilate, acetophenone, benzyl acetone, benzaldehyde, ethyl benzoate, benzophenone, benzyl alcohol, benzyl acetate, benzyl benzoate, benzyl formate, benzyl valerianate, bomeol, bornyl acetate, ⁇ - bromostyrene, n-decyl aldehyde, n-dodecyl aldehyde, eugenol, eugenol methyl ether, eucalyptol, farnesol, fenchone, fenchyl acetate, geranyl acetate, geranyl formate, heliotropin, methyl heptine carboxy
- fragrances are alkyl isothiocyanates (alkyl mustard oils), butanedione, limonene, linalool, linalyl acetate and propionate, methyl-n-heptenone, phellandrene, phenylacetaldehyde, terpinyl acetate, citral and citronellal.
- Suitable perfume oils can also contain natural fragrance mixtures, such as are obtainable from plant or animal sources, for example pine, citrus, jasmine, rose, lily or ylang-ylang oil.
- Low- volatility essential oils which are mostly used as aroma components, are also suitable as perfume oils, for example sage oil, chamomile oil, melissa oil, mint oil, cinnamon leaf oil, lime blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, olibanum oil, galbanum oil, laudanum oil, clove oil, iso-eugenol, thyme oil, bergamot oil, geranium oil and rose oil. Any suitable combination of these, or other, fragrance compounds and/or perfume oils can likewise be used.
- the antiperspirant stick composition can also include a sweat- sequestering agent.
- the human body includes both eccrine sweat glands and apocrine sweat glands, both of which are present in the underarm area. Eccrine sweat glands produce a clear, aqueous electrolye composition, whereas apocrine sweat glands produce an oily composition.
- Eccrine sweat glands produce a clear, aqueous electrolye composition
- apocrine sweat glands produce an oily composition.
- These various types of sweat in combination with various components of antiperspirant compositions, can enhance the discoloration of textiles that come into contact with antiperspirant compositions. Accordingly, a variety of sweat-sequestering agents can be employed in the present composition. Sweat- sequestering agents can include hydrophobic surfactants, hydrophilic surfactants, the like, or a combination thereof.
- the antiperspirant stick composition can already include a variety of hydrophobic components as primary and secondary structurants that can help sequester apocrine sweat.
- the sweat-sequestering agent can include a hydrophilic surfactant.
- Hydrophilic surfactants can help combat sweat-induced fabric discoloration or staining resulting from eccrine sweat.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can have a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value greater than or equal to 10.
- HLB hydrophilic-lipophilic balance
- the hydrophilic surfactant can have an HLB value greater than or equal to 12, greater than or equal to 14, or greater than or equal to 16.
- Non-limiting examples of hydrophilic surfactants can include Polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate, Didodecyldimethylammoniumchloride, Polyethylene glycol (200) monolaurate, Polyethylene glycol (400) dilaurate, Polyethylene glycol (600) dioleate, Polyoxyethylene (4) sorbitan monostearate, Polyoxyethylene (5) sorbitan monooleate, Polyoxyethylene (40) sorbitol hexaoleate, Polyoxyethylene glycol (600) distearate, Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate, Sucrose monostearate, Sucrose monooleate, Polyethylene glycol (400) monooleate, Polyethylene glycol (350) monostearate, Polyethylene glycol (400) monotalleate, Polyoxyethylene glycol (7) monostearate, Polyoxyethylene glycol (8) monooleate, Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan trioleate, Polyoxyethylene (6) tridecyl alcohol
- ORAMIXTMNS 10 Dodecyl glucoside (e.g. PLANT AREN ® APG 600), Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, Nonylphenol (ethoxyalted with 15 Mol EO), Polyethylene glycol (1000) monostearate, Polyoxyethylene (600) monooleate, EUMULGIN ® HRE 60 (Ricinus oil, ethoxylated and hydrated with 60 Mol EO), C 12 -fatty amines (polyoxyethylated with 12 Mol EO), Polyoxyethylene (20) oleyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene (20) oleylether, Polyoxyethylene (20) stearylcetylether (e.g.
- EUMULGIN ® B 2 (Ceteareth-20)), Polyoxyethylene (20) stearyl alcohol, Polyoxyethylene glycol (lOOO)monostearate, Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, Polyoxyethylene (20) cetyl ether, Disodium triethanolamine distearyl heptaglycol ether sulfosuccinate, Nonylphenol (ethoxylated with 20 Mol EO), Polyoxyethylene (25) propylene glycol stearate, Polyoxyethylene (30) monostearate, Polyoxyethylene (40) monostearate, Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaureate (e.g., EUMULGIN ® SML 20), Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitol, C 18 fatty amines (polyoxyethylated with 5 Mol EO), Polyoxyethylene (23) lauryl alcohol, Ceteareth-30 (e.g.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can be selected based on compatibility with cationic active agents.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can be a non-ionic surfactant.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can be an alkoxylated surfactant, such as an ethoxylated surfactant or a propoxylated surfactant, for example.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can have a molecular formula of R-(OA) n -OH, where R represents a C 12 -C 24 alkyl group, OA represents an ethylene oxide or propylene oxide group, and n represents an integer from 10 to 50, or from 20 to 40.
- R can be a C 14 -C 20 alkyl group, or a C 16 -C 18 alkyl group.
- n can be an integer from 22 to 38, or 25 to 35.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can have a melting point of greater than or equal to 35 °C. In yet other examples, the hydrophilic surfactant can have a melting point of greater than or equal to 30 °C, or greater than or equal to 40 °C. In some examples, introducing a surfactant with a relatively high melting temperature can add additional thermal stability to the antiperspirant stick composition.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can be present in the antiperspirant composition in a variety of amounts. Generally, the hydrophilic surfactant can be present in an amount sufficient to reduce or minimize perspiration-induced discoloration of fabric in contact with the composition. In some specific examples, the hydrophilic surfactant can be present in the antiperspirant stick composition in an amount from about 2 wt% to about 10 wt%. In yet other examples, the hydrophilic surfactant can be present in the antiperspirant stick composition in an amount from about 3 wt% to about 8 wt%, or from about 4 wt% to about 6 wt%.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can have a negative impact on the texture of the antiperspirant stick composition.
- the antiperspirant stick composition can develop a plastic-like or glazed feel (i.e. "egg-shell" effect). This can adversely affect the delivery of the antiperspirant stick composition and antiperspirant active agent to the skin.
- a plasticizer can be added to the antiperspirant stick composition in an amount to minimize hardening of the composition due to contact with an aqueous composition.
- the plasticizer can be present in the antiperspirant stick composition in an amount from about 0.5 wt% to about 5 wt%. In yet other examples, the plasticizer can be present in the antiperspirant stick composition in an amount from about 0.75 wt% to about 4 wt%, or from about 1 wt% to about 3 wt%.
- the hydrophilic surfactant and the plasticizer can be present at a predetermined weight ratio.
- the hydrophilic surfactant and the plasticizer can be present at a weight ratio of from 1:1 to 6:1 hydrophilic surfactant to plasticizer.
- the hydrophilic surfactant and the plasticizer can be present at a weight ratio of from 2:1 to 3:1 hydrophilic surfactant to plasticizer.
- plasticizers can be used.
- Non-limiting examples can include propylene carbonate, propylene glycol, glycerol carbonate, glycerin, butylene carbonate, butylene glycol, the like, or combinations thereof.
- the antiperspirant stick compositions can also include an effective amount of an antiperspirant active agent.
- the antiperspirant stick composition can include relatively small amounts of, or be substantially free of, highly discoloring agents, such as hydrogenated oils, petrolatum, and combinations thereof.
- the antiperspirant stick compositions can include a sweat- sequestering agent to help reduce or minimize sweat-induced discoloration of textile materials.
- the present antiperspirant stick compositions can include effective amounts of antiperspirant active agents and still reduce or minimize the fabric-staining properties of the composition.
- an effective amount of an antiperspirant active agent can be selected in view of the particular antiperspirant active agent employed.
- an effective amount of the antiperspirant active agent can be an amount greater than or equal to 12 wt%, 14 wt%, or 16 wt%.
- the antiperspirant active agent can be present in the antiperspirant stick composition in an amount from about 14 wt% to about 22 wt%.
- the antiperspirant active agent can be present in the antiperspirant stick composition in an amount from about 16 wt% to about 20 wt%, or from about 18 wt% to about 24 wt%.
- the antiperspirant active agent and the primary structurant such as a fatty alcohol or fatty acid, for example, can be present at a weight ratio of from about 1:2 to about 2:1 antiperspirant active agent to primary structurant.
- the antiperspirant active agent and the primary structurant can be present at a weight ratio of from about 1:1.5 to about 1.5:1, or from about 1:1.2 to about 1.2:1 antiperspirant active agent to primary structurant.
- the primary structurant can be a fatty alcohol. Where this is the case, the antiperspirant active agent and total fatty alcohols (i.e.
- primary structurant and any additional fatty alcohols incorporated in the formulation can be present at a weight ratio from about 1 :2 to about 2:1, from about 1 :1.5 to about 1.5:1, or from about 1:1.2 to about 1.2:1 antiperspirant active agent to fatty alcohol.
- the antiperspirant active agent and the lubricant can be present at a predetermined weight ratio.
- the antiperspirant active agent can be present with the lubricant at a weight ratio of from about 1 :0.75 to about 1:2.5 antiperspirant active agent to lubricant.
- the antiperspirant active agent that the lubricant can be present at a weight ratio of from about 1 : 1 to about 1 :2.2, or from about 1:1.2 to about 1:2 antiperspirant active agent to lubricant.
- antiperspirant active agents can be used in the present antiperspirant stick compositions.
- Non-limiting examples can include aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum chloride, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum chlorohydrex polyethylene glycol, aluminum chlorohydrex propylene glycol, aluminum dichlorohydrate, aluminum dichlorohydrex polyethylene glycol, aluminum dichlorohydrex propylene glycol, aluminum sesquichlorohydrate, aluminum sesquichlorohydrate polyethylene glycol, aluminum sesquichlorohydrate propylene glycol, aluminum-zirconium octachlorohydrate, aluminum-zirconium octachlorohydrex glycine, aluminum-zirconium pentachlorohydrate, aluminum-zirconium pentachlorohydrex glycine, aluminum-zirconium tetrachlorohydrate, aluminum-zirconium tetrachlorohydrex glycine, aluminum-zirconium trichlorohydrate, aluminum-zirconium trichlorohydrate, aluminum-
- the antiperspirant stick compositions can also include a number of other suitable ingredients.
- suitable ingredients can include bulking agents (e.g. talc, silica, clay, etc.), antioxidants, antimicrobials (e.g. antibacterials, antifungals, etc.), other suitable ingredients, or combinations thereof.
- the present disclosure also describes a number of methods associated with the antiperspirant stick compositions. A number of specific, but non-limiting, examples are provided below.
- methods of minimizing, controlling, reducing, or substantially eliminating fabric-staining properties of an antiperspirant stick composition can include adding a synthetic wax to the composition, adding a melting point additive to the composition at a weight ratio to the synthetic wax to provide the composition with a melting point greater than or equal to 40 °C, adding an effective amount of an antiperspirant active agent to the composition, and limiting an amount of hydrogenated oils, petrolatum, 12-hydroxystearic acid, polyethylenes having a melting point greater than or equal to 60 °C, and combinations thereof in the composition to less than 2 wt%.
- the synthetic wax can have a melting point of less than or equal to 90 °C.
- methods of controlling, minimizing, reducing, or substantially eliminating fabric-staining resulting from contact of a fabric with an antiperspirant composition can include limiting an amount of hydrogenated oils, petrolatum, 12- hydroxystearic acid, polyethylenes having a melting point greater than or equal to 60 °C, and combinations thereof in the composition to less than 2 wt%, structuring the composition with a synthetic wax having a melting point of less than or equal to 90 °C, and adding a melting point additive at a weight ratio to the synthetic wax to provide the composition with a melting point greater than or equal to 40 °C.
- the composition can include an effective amount of an antiperspirant active agent.
- methods of minimizing, controlling, reducing, or substantially eliminating the fabric-staining properties of an antiperspirant stick composition can include adding an amount of a synthetic wax to the composition, adding a melting point additive to the composition in an amount sufficient to provide the composition with a melting point greater than or equal to 40 °C, adding an amount of a fatty alcohol to the composition, and adding an effective amount of an antiperspirant active agent to the composition.
- the fatty alcohol and the antiperspirant active agent can be present at a weight ratio of from 2:1 to 1:2.
- the synthetic wax can have a melting point less than or equal to 90 °C.
- methods of substantially eliminating, controlling, reducing, or otherwise minimizing fabric-staining resulting from contact of a fabric with an antiperspirant stick composition can include structuring the antiperspirant stick composition with a synthetic wax and a fatty alcohol, adding a melting point additive to the composition in an amount sufficient to provide the composition with a melting point greater than or equal to 40 °C, and incorporating or including an effective amount of an antiperspirant active agent in the composition.
- the fatty alcohol and the antiperspirant active agent can be present at a weight ratio of from 2: 1 to 1 :2.
- the synthetic wax can have a melting point of less than or equal to 90 °C.
- methods of controlling reducing, substantially eliminating, or otherwise minimizing perspiration-induced discoloration of fabric due to contact with an antiperspirant stick composition can include adding a synthetic wax to the composition, adding a fatty alcohol to the composition, adding a hydrophilic surfactant to the composition in an amount sufficient to minimize perspiration-induced discoloration of fabric in contact with the composition, adding a plasticizer to the composition in an amount to minimize hardening of the composition due to contact with an aqueous composition, and adding an effective amount of an antiperspirant active agent to the composition.
- the fatty alcohol and the antiperspirant active agent can be present at a weight ratio of from 2:1 to 1 :2.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can have an HLB value greater than 10.
- methods of controlling, or reducing, or minimizing, or substantially eliminating perspiration-induced discoloration of fabric resulting from contact of a fabric with an antiperspirant stick composition can include incorporating or including a hydrophilic surfactant in the composition in an amount sufficient to minimize perspiration-induced discoloration of the fabric due to contact with the composition, incorporating or including a plasticizer in the composition in an amount to minimize hardening of the composition due to contact with an aqueous composition, and structuring the composition with a synthetic wax and a fatty alcohol.
- the composition can include an effective amount of an antiperspirant active agent such that the fatty alcohol and the antiperspirant active agent are present at a weight ratio of from 2:1 to 1:2.
- methods of substantially eliminating, or at least minimizing or reducing, or controlling perspiration-induced discoloration of fabric due to contact with an antiperspirant stick composition can include adding a synthetic wax to the composition, adding a hydrophilic surfactant to the composition in an amount sufficient to minimize perspiration-induced discoloration of the fabric due to contact with the composition, adding a plasticizer to the composition in an amount sufficient to minimize hardening of the composition due to contact with an aqueous composition, and adding an effective amount of an antiperspirant active agent to the composition.
- the synthetic wax can have a viscosity of from about 0.1 centipoise (cps) to about 20 cps at a temperature of 99 °C.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can have an HLB value greater than 10.
- methods of controlling, reducing, minimizing, or substantially eliminating perspiration-induced discoloration of fabric resulting from contact of a fabric with an antiperspirant stick composition can include incorporating or including a hydrophilic surfactant in the composition in an amount sufficient to minimize perspiration-induced discoloration of the fabric due to contact with the composition, incorporating or including a plasticizer in the composition in an amount to minimize hardening of the composition due to contact with an aqueous composition, and structuring the composition with a synthetic wax having a viscosity of from about 0.1 centipoise (cps) to about 20 cps at a temperature of 99 °C.
- the composition can include an effective amount of an antiperspirant active agent.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can have an HLB value greater than 10.
- the antiperspirant stick compositions can be formulated in a variety of ways as described above. It is further noted that structuring the antiperspirant stick composition with a synthetic wax, or a synthetic wax in combination with a fatty alcohol, can, in some cases, provide a formulation with reduced or minimized fabric-staining or discoloring properties. Thus, in some examples, mere application of the antiperspirant stick composition to a fabric material can be minimally staining or discoloring to the fabric material. In many cases, this can permit the use of effective amounts of an antiperspirant active agent while maintaining reduced or minimized fabric-staining potential.
- the addition of a sweat-sequestering agent can provide an antiperspirant stick composition that can reduce or minimize perspiration- induced discoloration of fabric materials.
- the antiperspirant stick composition can already include a variety of hydrophobic components that can help sequester apocrine sweat.
- inclusion of a hydrophilic surfactant in the antiperspirant stick composition can, in some cases, also help sequester eccrine sweat.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can help prevent eccrine sweat from contacting the fabric material.
- the hydrophilic surfactant can help remove eccrine sweat and/or other components of the antiperspirant stick composition from the fabric material.
- antiperspirant compositions can cause discoloration of a variety of fabrics, such as cotton, polyesters, polyamides (e.g. nylon), linen, etc.
- fabrics such as cotton, polyesters, polyamides (e.g. nylon), linen, etc.
- the fabric can be or include cotton.
- the fabric can be or include polyester.
- the fabric can be or include nylon.
- the fabric can be or include linen.
- discoloration can be measured using a color measurement instrument, such as a colorimeter.
- color measurements can be quantified using the L*a*b* color space as defined by the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE).
- CIE Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage
- any one of these values, or other defined color values can be used to measure discoloration or staining of fabrics.
- b* values e.g. delta b* values
- a* values e.g. delta a* values
- L* values e.g. delta L* values
- discoloration of fabrics, or fabric-staining can be measured as a change in b* value, for example, of an area of the fabric that has contacted the antiperspirant stick composition as compared to a control area of the fabric that has not contacted the antiperspirant stick composition.
- a synthetic eccrine sweat solution was prepared as presented in Table 1 below.
- the antiperspirant stick prototypes prepared as described herein had lower delta b* values than any of the other antiperspirant stick compositions tested.
- Each of the prototypes was based on the same basic formulation, but with different fragrance components. Specifically, the prototypes were based on the formulation depicted in Table 3 below. Table 3 - Prototype Formulations
- a group of panelists had 0.35g of test formulation applied to their underarms.
- Test formulations included prototype formulations according to Table 3 having 16 wt% or 20 wt% antiperspirant active agent.
- commercially available RIGHT GUARD ® XTREMETM (RGXD5) was also tested alongside the prototype formulations.
- Each panelist was given a white cotton t-shirt to wear for four hours after application of the product, after which the t-shirt was washed. 0.35g of product was then re-applied to the underarms of the panelists and the t-shirt was worn for another four hours, after which the t-shirt was again washed. This process was repeated for four days for a total of 8 applications.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/729,327 US10821068B2 (en) | 2017-10-10 | 2017-10-10 | Antiperspirant stick compositions |
PCT/US2018/052118 WO2019074646A1 (en) | 2017-10-10 | 2018-09-21 | Antiperspirant stick compositions |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3694469A1 true EP3694469A1 (en) | 2020-08-19 |
EP3694469A4 EP3694469A4 (en) | 2021-09-01 |
Family
ID=65992331
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP18867079.8A Withdrawn EP3694469A4 (en) | 2017-10-10 | 2018-09-21 | Antiperspirant stick compositions |
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US (1) | US10821068B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3694469A4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019074646A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4511554A (en) | 1980-06-02 | 1985-04-16 | Bristol-Myers Company | Non-staining antiperspirant stick composition |
US4937069A (en) * | 1985-11-15 | 1990-06-26 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Anhydrous semi-solid antiperspirant suspension |
US6350460B1 (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2002-02-26 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Cosmetic stick composition |
DE102007059678A1 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-03 | Henkel Kgaa | Water-free antiperspirant stick, contains solid lipid or wax components, liquid linear polydimethylsiloxane oil, little or no water and at least one active antiperspirant |
US20110038823A1 (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2011-02-17 | The Dial Corporation | Antiperspirant emulsion products with improved efficacy and processes for making the same |
AR078677A1 (en) | 2009-10-20 | 2011-11-23 | Colgate Palmolive Co | ANTITRANSPIRING COMPOSITION THAT REDUCES OR ELIMINATES YELLOW DECOLORATION IN CLOTHING |
WO2012084422A2 (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2012-06-28 | Unilever Plc | Soft solid antiperspirant compositions |
WO2014165026A2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2014-10-09 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Solid stick antiperspirant compositions |
US9717930B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2017-08-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Antiperspirant compositions |
DE102013220767A1 (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2015-04-16 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Use of polysaccharides in antiperspirant cosmetic agents for textile care |
US9872819B2 (en) | 2015-07-07 | 2018-01-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Solid stick antiperspirant compositions having non-volatile silicones |
DE102015224559B4 (en) | 2015-12-08 | 2022-11-10 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | "Textile-friendly antiperspirant compositions" |
-
2017
- 2017-10-10 US US15/729,327 patent/US10821068B2/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-09-21 WO PCT/US2018/052118 patent/WO2019074646A1/en unknown
- 2018-09-21 EP EP18867079.8A patent/EP3694469A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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WO2019074646A1 (en) | 2019-04-18 |
US20190105256A1 (en) | 2019-04-11 |
US10821068B2 (en) | 2020-11-03 |
EP3694469A4 (en) | 2021-09-01 |
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