EP3692588A1 - Power transmission system - Google Patents
Power transmission systemInfo
- Publication number
- EP3692588A1 EP3692588A1 EP18792346.1A EP18792346A EP3692588A1 EP 3692588 A1 EP3692588 A1 EP 3692588A1 EP 18792346 A EP18792346 A EP 18792346A EP 3692588 A1 EP3692588 A1 EP 3692588A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- power transmission
- stack
- transmission system
- porous
- contacted
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0232—Metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/028—Sealing means characterised by their material
- H01M8/0282—Inorganic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power transmission system according to
- the power transmission system is used in the electrical
- Solid oxide fuel cell SOFC
- SOEC solid oxide electrolyzer cell
- the electrochemical modules are in this case arranged in connection with corresponding components (interconnector, housing parts, gas lines, etc.) to form a stack and contacted electrically in series.
- the electrochemical modules are designed as flat individual elements and comprise a gas-tight
- Solid electrolyte which is arranged between a gas-permeable anode and gas-permeable cathode.
- the anode During operation of the electrochemical module as SOFC, the anode is supplied with fuel (for example hydrogen or conventional hydrocarbons, such as methane, natural gas, biogas, etc., possibly completely or partially pre-reformed) and oxidized there catalytically with the emission of electrons.
- fuel for example hydrogen or conventional hydrocarbons, such as methane, natural gas, biogas, etc., possibly completely or partially pre-reformed
- oxidized there catalytically with the emission of electrons for example hydrogen or conventional hydrocarbons, such as methane, natural gas, biogas, etc.
- Electrons are derived from the fuel cell and flow via an electrical load to the cathode.
- a supplied oxidant for example, pure oxygen, but usually air
- the electrical circuit is closed by the oxygen ions (protons) produced at the cathode of oxygen ions (or protons in a younger generation of SOFCs) flowing through the electrolyte to the anode and reacting with the fuel at the respective interfaces.
- SOEC solid oxide fuel cell
- the present invention addresses the electrical contacting of such a stack arrangement. While the electrical connection between the electrochemical modules within a stack via so-called
- Interconnects are in a facility for forwarding the stream from one stack to an adjacent stack or to an external one
- Power transmission plates base and cover plates provided. Power is tapped or fed from the stack and the stack is mechanically reinforced. Often these are stack-sided
- the electrical contact of the stack is
- Atmosphere usually ambient air
- relatively high currents flow at comparatively low voltages (a single SOFC supplies voltages of the order of 1 V, current densities of up to 500 mA / cm 2 occur, typically SOFCs with electrochemically active layers having an area of the order of magnitude 100 cm 3 or more are used).
- the problem of electrical contact will increase in importance, because of
- Power transmission system should allow in a system both the direct electrical contacting of a stack with an adjacent stack and the electrical contacting of a stack with an external power line.
- the stack to be contacted in each case from a stack of at least one planar electrochemical module, in particular a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) or a reversible
- Solid oxide fuel cell constructed.
- a stack consists of a plurality of electrochemical modules.
- the stack is at its front sides in each case by a stack side
- Cover plate is executed or designated and in addition to its electrical function usually also causes the mechanical holding together of the usually many, individual electrochemical modules of the stack. If the stack is to be contacted with a power line, then one end of the
- Power line electrically connected to a line side power transmission plate.
- the power transmission plates are electrically conductive and
- the power transmission system has at least one porous, metallic body which, if two stacks are directly contacted with each other, is disposed between the stack side power transmission plate of the first stack to be contacted and the stack side power transmission plate of the adjacent second stack to be contacted, or if contacted with a power line is - between the stack side
- the porous, metallic body is electrically conductively connected to the respective power transmission plates and gas-tight sealed by a closed circumferential seal, in particular against an oxidizing environment such as the ambient air.
- porous is preferred
- the porous metallic body is understood to mean not only a porous metallic body produced by powder metallurgy.
- porosity is to be seen here more generally and it is understood to include any body that is not constructed of a solid material, the structure of which thus has certain open spaces or cavities.
- the porous metallic body may, for example, have a net, fleece or spongy structure.
- the porous body may be an insert made of a metallic grid, mesh,
- the porous metallic body may be a powder metallurgically produced component.
- the structure of the porous body has at least one electrically conductive path between the current transfer plates to be contacted, clearly a very large number of electrically conductive paths are advantageous. Accordingly, in the case of a powder metallurgical
- the porosity compared to a body formed of solid material, provides additional space in which the material participates
- Electricity transmission system can be compensated for and the gas tightness, with which the porous body is protected by its oxidizing environment is not endangered by thermally induced voltages.
- the gas-tight seal of the porous body against an oxidizing environment such as the ambient air is made by a closed the porous, metallic body surrounding seal.
- the seal extends between the current transfer plates to be contacted and forms with the current transfer plates to be contacted in each case a cohesive connection, whereby at the same time a mechanical connection between the current transfer plates to be contacted is mediated.
- a material for the seal is particularly suitable glass solder, mica or a high temperature adhesive, up to the planned
- the sealing material as in the example of the glass solder, may be applied in a viscous form by means of a dispenser to the surface of one of the current transfer plates to be contacted, or both
- the sealing material hardens after the joining process between the two surfaces of the current transfer plates to be contacted, in the case of the glass solder partially or fully crystalline, from.
- a mechanical connection of the two Electric transmission plates reached.
- the seal can also already in solid form, for example, as from a glass solder foil stamped peripheral frame, on a surface of a to be contacted
- a mechanical load can be carried out or applied for example via pneumatic pistons, weights or by the weight of a stack.
- More cost-effective materials can be used, which can be used without protection in an oxidizing atmosphere such as the ambient air
- Suitable metals for the porous body are: nickel, copper, chromium, iron,
- Ni Molybdenum and Worfram.
- the use of nickel is particularly preferred because nickel is already used in other components of the stack, also oxidized only at higher partial pressures and nickel oxide layers are not completely electrically insulating.
- alloys based on one of the abovementioned metals high-temperature-resistant alloys based on zinc, tin or lead or high-temperature-resistant steels such as, for example, steels having a high alloy content of chromium (220% by weight chromium) or steels having a high alloy content Nickel (220 wt.% Nickel) are used.
- a major advantage of the proposed power transmission system is that inevitably occurring differences in the thermal expansion behavior between the material of the power cable or the material of the line-side power transmission plate on the one hand and the stack side Power transmission plate on the other hand, due to the intermediary components as a buffer can be compensated easier.
- the risk of cracking etc., as they may occur in the prior art soldered or welded Stromabgriffsfahen or plates is significantly reduced by the present invention.
- Power transmission plates is arranged, are separated from each other.
- the at least one spacer is intended to ensure a defined distance or in particular for a plane-parallel alignment of the assembled power transmission plates even at higher temperatures. It has also proved to be advantageous if the spacer does not have a completely rigid behavior, but shows a certain elasticity in a direction normal to the plane of the two power transmission plates.
- spacers ceramic or metallic platelets, pins, felts, nonwovens or the like can be used.
- the spacer or spacers need not be designed as a separate component, but may also be formed as an integral part of one of the two current transfer plates.
- the dimensions of the porous metallic body, spacer (s) and gasket must be matched. Typically, the height of the spacer (in the direction of electrical connection direction) is on the order of mm.
- porous metallic body in particular in one embodiment with reticulate, fleece or sponge-like structure, compressible and is inserted under a compressive stress between the two to be contacted power transmission plates or
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the sealing material should be adapted to the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the porous metallic body, preferably the two coefficients of thermal expansion differ by at most 10 * 10 - ⁇ K -1 , more preferably by at most 6 * 10 -6 K -1 . Should it be unavoidable that the
- thermal expansion coefficients differ from each other, it is advantageous if the material of the porous metallic body expands slightly more than the Dichtungsma valley with temperature increase than vice versa, so that the electrical contact is not interrupted even at higher temperatures by a relatively smaller extent of the porous body.
- Expansion of the sealing material can be over a certain
- Temperature range can be compensated by the above-mentioned mechanical compressive stress on the porous body.
- a plurality of porous, metallic bodies can be stacked on top of one another in the electrical connection direction.
- the stacking can be done loose or by cohesive connection, for example by means of a
- Spot welding process to be supported.
- depositors of a metallic grid, mesh, fleece, sponge or the like may be mentioned, which are stacked one above the other and slightly compressed between the to be contacted
- Power transfer plates are arranged and optionally by means
- the sealed interior with the porous metallic body is opened by the stack-side Stromübertragungspiatte to be contacted against the fuel gas space of the nearest electrochemical module, so that a gas exchange with the reducing atmosphere of the fuel gas space is made possible. This prevents residual oxygen, which has remained in the sealed interior, for example during the manufacture of the power transmission system, from oxidizing the porous metallic body over time
- pipes are provided within the stack.
- Embodiment these are performed by the stack side or line side power transfer plates.
- the stack-side power transfer plates and / or line side are in the stack-side power transfer plates and / or line side
- the power transmission system of the present invention provides a cost effective and reliable solution for connecting a stack in a system to an external power cable.
- the power transmission system further allows two adjacent stacks directly on the stack side
- Adjacent stacks can, of course, also be contacted indirectly via an intermediate power cable, wherein the power cable is connected at each end to a line-side power transmission plate, which are then contacted in each case with the corresponding stack-side power transmission plates.
- Fig. 1a a schematic perspective view of a
- FIG. 1b is an exploded view of the power transmission system of FIG.
- Fig. 1c a schematic cross-sectional view of
- Power transmission system of Figure 1a along the line I-II; 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a
- 3a shows a schematic perspective view of a
- 3c shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the
- FIGS. 1a to 3c each show a perspective view and a corresponding cross-sectional view, respectively, of a first, a second and a third
- Embodiment of the power transmission system according to the invention shown. 1a, 1b, 1c and 2 schematically show a stack with a power transmission system through which a power cable is contacted (the power cable is not shown and may be electrically contacted via the bore 21 to the conductive power transfer plate 15). while in Fig. 3a, Fig. 3b and Fig. 3c, a power transmission system
- stacks 11, 11 'each consist of stacked and electrically connected in series electrochemical modules - for example, SOFCs - 12 and are at the two end faces each with a stack-side current transfer plate (base and cover plate) 13, 13 ', 13 ", 13"' completed.
- the stack-side current transfer plates are manufactured by powder metallurgy from a powder batch of 95 wt.% Elementary chromium powder and 5 wt.% Of a master alloy powder of iron with 0.8 wt.% Yttrium.
- the line side power transmission plate 15 inserted and electrically connected to it.
- the line side power transmission plate 15 is made
- High-temperature resistant, melt-metallurgically produced steel such as X1CrWNbTiLa22-2 (available under the brand name Crofer® 22 H) or X1CrTiLa22 (available as Crofer® 22 APU) and is therefore also electrically conductive.
- the line side power transmission plate 15 is connected to the
- the metallic network 16 is inserted between the two current transfer plates 13, 15 to be contacted, easily
- Power transfer plate 15 weighted during the joining process with a weight.
- multiple networks can be stacked on top of each other.
- the current-carrying element 16 does not necessarily have to be designed as a net, but it can also depositors of a metallic grid, woven, knitted, knitted fabric, non-woven, sponge or the like, or a powder metallurgically produced porous component
- the metallic network 16 or a stack of several superimposed networks is closed by a closed
- Seal 17 sealed gas-tight from the environment.
- glass solder As a material for the seal 17 glass solder was used, which is applied in a viscous form by means of a dispenser on the surface of either or on the surface of both current transfer plates.
- the glass solder hardens after the joining process of the two to be contacted power transmission plates 13,15 and mediated by Stoffsehl uss also a mechanical connection between the two to be contacted power transmission plates 13,15.
- the thermal expansion coefficient ⁇ (20 ⁇ 950) of the glass solder used is about 8-10 -6 K -1 and is thus slightly smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of nickel (at 20 ° C: 13.4 ⁇ 10 -6 K -1 ). Due to the seal 17 is not for the current-carrying element 16 on expensive precious metals or otherwise particularly corrosion resistant or
- Optional spacers 18 provide a plane-parallel alignment of the assembled
- Power transmission unit to use multiple, electrically parallel to each other power transmission units. This provides redundancy in the event that individual power transmission units become higher-impedance or fail.
- Embodiment slightly modified The sealed interior with the network 16 is opened by the stack-side current transfer plate 13 with respect to the fuel gas chamber of the nearest electrochemical module by means of the bore 20, so that a gas exchange with the reducing
- Atmosphere of the fuel gas chamber is made possible. This has the advantage that residual oxygen, which has remained in the sealed interior at the junction of the two power transmission plates 13,15, is displaced in the course of initial operation.
- Fig. 3a, Fig. 3b and Fig. 3c show a power transmission system in which a stack 11 instead of a power cable directly with a directly adjacent stack 11 'is contacted.
- the flat formed porous metallic body 16 is between the two stack side
- Electric transmission plate 13 can be seen, are forwarded by the process gases (fuel gas or exhaust gas) from a stack 11 in the adjacent stack 11 '. These gas passage openings 19 are also sealed by means of glass solder to the environment. Adjacent stacks 11, 11 'can of course also be contacted indirectly by means of an intermediate power cable analogous to exemplary embodiment 1.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATGM220/2017U AT16121U1 (en) | 2017-10-02 | 2017-10-02 | Power transmission system |
PCT/AT2018/000075 WO2019068116A1 (en) | 2017-10-02 | 2018-09-19 | Power transmission system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3692588A1 true EP3692588A1 (en) | 2020-08-12 |
Family
ID=65359463
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18792346.1A Withdrawn EP3692588A1 (en) | 2017-10-02 | 2018-09-19 | Power transmission system |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20200251763A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3692588A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2020536356A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20200060727A (en) |
CN (1) | CN111480255A (en) |
AT (1) | AT16121U1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3077562A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019068116A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3113443B1 (en) | 2020-08-11 | 2022-09-23 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Electrolysis or co-electrolysis reactor (SOEC) or fuel cell (SOFC) with stacking of electrochemical cells by pre-assembled modules, associated production method. |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4307666C1 (en) * | 1993-03-11 | 1994-08-25 | Dornier Gmbh | Power connection element for solid electrolyte fuel cells, process for its production and its use |
JP4528387B2 (en) * | 1999-08-26 | 2010-08-18 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
US20050095485A1 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2005-05-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fuel cell end plate assembly |
DE102004008060A1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-09-08 | Volkswagen Ag | Fuel cell electrode device for generating electrical current has a main body containing a means of electrical contact separate from the main body |
US10199673B2 (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2019-02-05 | Audi Ag | Fuel cell stack having an end plate assembly with a tapered spring plate |
-
2017
- 2017-10-02 AT ATGM220/2017U patent/AT16121U1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2018
- 2018-09-19 CA CA3077562A patent/CA3077562A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-09-19 KR KR1020207010808A patent/KR20200060727A/en unknown
- 2018-09-19 CN CN201880063601.3A patent/CN111480255A/en active Pending
- 2018-09-19 US US16/652,138 patent/US20200251763A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-09-19 EP EP18792346.1A patent/EP3692588A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-09-19 JP JP2020518817A patent/JP2020536356A/en active Pending
- 2018-09-19 WO PCT/AT2018/000075 patent/WO2019068116A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2019068116A1 (en) | 2019-04-11 |
US20200251763A1 (en) | 2020-08-06 |
JP2020536356A (en) | 2020-12-10 |
CA3077562A1 (en) | 2019-04-11 |
KR20200060727A (en) | 2020-06-01 |
AT16121U1 (en) | 2019-02-15 |
CN111480255A (en) | 2020-07-31 |
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