EP3686537B1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents
Heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3686537B1 EP3686537B1 EP19153601.0A EP19153601A EP3686537B1 EP 3686537 B1 EP3686537 B1 EP 3686537B1 EP 19153601 A EP19153601 A EP 19153601A EP 3686537 B1 EP3686537 B1 EP 3686537B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- housing
- supply line
- discharge line
- line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000013201 Stress fracture Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0006—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the plate-like or laminated conduits being enclosed within a pressure vessel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being formed by spirally-wound plates or laminae
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2280/00—Mounting arrangements; Arrangements for facilitating assembling or disassembling of heat exchanger parts
- F28F2280/08—Tolerance compensating means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger with a plurality of heat exchanger plates arranged in a housing, which are connected to at least one inlet and one outlet for a first fluid, and with at least one inlet and outlet connected to the housing for a second fluid, intermediate spaces between the heat exchanger plates with heat exchange passing fluid, both the supply line and the discharge line with the heat exchanger plates arranged in between are each connected to the housing in a cantilevered manner on one side.
- a heat exchanger of the above structure is in the U.S. 2010/0276128 A1 described. At this point, a modular structure is pursued overall in order to be able to remove the heat exchanger plates from the housing.
- heat exchangers can be used for heat exchange between generally fluid media. This includes not only liquids, but also gases, for example.
- heat exchangers can be used and employed as reactors in conjunction with gaseous reaction media, as is the case in EP 2 399 668 A1 is described.
- a heat exchange medium is routed as the first fluid between the individual heat exchanger plates.
- a reaction medium is guided as a second fluid, with the heat exchanger in this context mainly serving to remove or supply the heat of reaction that occurs.
- a catalytic reactor with a heat exchanger for endothermic and exothermic reactions is also included in the DE 601 09 326 T2 presented. At this point, at least two modular and composite heat exchangers are realized, extending in a reaction zone.
- thermoplates have basically proven themselves as heat exchanger plates because a particularly intimate heat exchange between the first and second fluid is observed.
- the heat exchanger plates discussed above can also be designed as spaced plates without any special further configuration.
- the invention is based on the technical problem of further developing such a heat exchanger in such a way that temperature-related material stresses can be absorbed as non-destructively as possible.
- the invention proposes in a generic heat exchanger that both the supply line and the discharge line are welded into an opening in the end face on the inlet side or outlet side, with the supply line and the discharge line each with their end closure in an opening in the face side of the housing engage with play.
- the invention is initially based on the knowledge that the heat exchanger plates each define flow channels between themselves, which in turn are connected to the relevant supply line or discharge line.
- the supply line and the discharge line are advantageously equipped with slots for connection to the heat exchanger plates.
- the individual heat exchanger plates are also placed between the inlet and outlet and supported by the inlet and outlet. Due to the intended one-sided cantilever mounting of both the supply line and the discharge line on the housing, the assembly consisting of the supply line, the discharge line and the heat exchanger plates arranged between them is mainly held at two mostly diagonally opposite attachment points. As a result, any changes in surface area of the heat exchanger plates as well as changes in length of the supply line and the discharge line are absorbed without stress or stress cracks or stress fractures, as they are possible in the prior art, expressly cannot occur.
- the supply line and the discharge line are each designed as a pipeline that is closed at the end.
- the procedure is such that the supply line and the discharge line are each connected to the end face of the housing on the inlet side or outlet side.
- the procedure is generally such that the supply line and the discharge line are connected to opposite end faces of the housing on the inlet side or outlet side.
- the derivation with its outlet and consequently on the outlet side experiences a connection on a second end face.
- the two front sides of the housing face each other.
- the connection of the supply line and the discharge line on the one hand on the inlet side of the supply line and on the other hand on the outlet side of the discharge line is implemented in detail and according to the invention in such a way that the supply line in question and the discharge line are each welded into an opening in the end face in question.
- the fastening points realized in this way for the supply line on the one hand and the discharge line on the other hand are opposite one another with regard to the housing, specifically diagonally opposite. This is explained in more detail with reference to the description of the figures.
- the respective fastening point of the supply line or the discharge line, which is connected to the housing in a cantilevered manner on one side, is made available by the welded connection of the supply line or the discharge line in the associated opening in the end face.
- both the supply line and the discharge line are only connected to the relevant end face of the housing on one side, while the other end of the pipeline, which is closed at the end, is free, so that the supply line or discharge line in question can be cantilevered on one side in relation to the housing is provided.
- the end-side closure of the pipeline on the supply line or discharge line in question engages in the opening in the end face of the housing.
- the opening is in the end face opposite the end face with the attachment point for the line in question.
- the heat exchanger plates in their topology arranged next to one another, can practically fill the entire distance between the two opposite end faces of the housing.
- the free end of the relevant line with the closure at the end is not connected to the opposite end face, but engages in the opening provided there with play.
- the design is such that the opening in question in the end face of the housing is closed with a cap.
- the cap is at a distance from the line placed therein or the closure at the end.
- the first and second fluids are generally flowed countercurrently.
- the first and second fluid can also be conducted in cocurrent or in crossflow. Consequently, the claimed heat exchanger is mostly a countercurrent plate heat exchanger.
- the heat exchanger plates are advantageously designed as thermoplates with cushion-like flow channels for the fluid. Such thermoplates are characterized in that the associated heat exchanger plates are coupled in pairs and at points to thermoplates to form the pillow-like flow channels in question, as is detailed in the prior art, for example according to WO 2009/095221 A1 or also in the generic DE 10 2012 109 493 B4 is described.
- a heat exchanger is made available and described which is also suitable for the heat exchange between fluids with a large temperature difference and for cases in which the fluids flow through the heat exchanger one after the other and possibly still have a large temperature difference.
- the invention takes account of all thermal effects and material stresses associated with such scenarios in that both the supply line and the discharge line with the heat exchanger plates arranged in between are each connected to the housing in a cantilevered manner on one side.
- the housing can in turn be barrel-shaped with the two opposite end faces. However, it is also possible to use other housing shapes.
- the heat exchanger plates can of course also be designed as flat plates. The use of thermal sheets is advantageous but not necessary.
- the housing of the heat exchanger can be equipped with, for example, manipulation devices such as attached lugs on the front sides for the intervention of lifting gear. Additional cooling fins on the outside of the housing for dissipating heat to the outside are also conceivable.
- the entire housing, including heat exchanger plates and lines, is mostly made of steel, especially stainless steel.
- a heat exchanger is shown in the figures, which initially has a barrel-shaped housing 1 , 2 , 3 .
- the barrel-shaped housing 1, 2, 3 consists essentially of a lateral surface 1 between two opposite end faces 2, 3.
- Cooling ribs 4 , 5 can be provided on the outside of the lateral surface 1 , which are designed as cooling ribs 4 running on the circumference and cooling ribs 5 running axially between the end faces 2 , 3 .
- a feed line 6 and a discharge line 7 for a first fluid guided through the housing 1, 2, 3 can also be seen.
- the first fluid can be a heat transfer medium, the heat of which is transferred, for example, to a second fluid which is also conducted through the housing 1 , 2 , 3 via an inlet 8 and an outlet 9 .
- In the 1 can then still be recognized by the housing 1, 2, 3 or its end faces 2, 3 connected eyelets 10, with the help of which the entire heat exchanger can be transported and aligned, for example, by means of a hoist.
- the second fluid entering the housing 1, 2, 3 via the inlet 8 and leaving the housing 1, 2, 3 again via the outlet 9 is heated with the aid of the first fluid or heat transfer medium or can also be cooled, if the first fluid is a cooling medium.
- the supply line 6 and the discharge line 7 for the first fluid is coupled with heat exchanger plates 11 accommodated inside the housing 1, 2, 3, which can best be seen in the two sectional drawings according to FIGS figures 2 and 3 recognizes.
- the heat exchanger plates 11 are designed, not restrictively, as thermoplates, which are made up of parallel heat exchanger plates which are connected to one another at points in order to define a total of cushion-like flow channels between the two individual plates.
- the second fluid which enters the housing 1 , 2 , 3 via the inlet 8 and exits the housing 1 , 2 , 3 again via the outlet 9 , is guided in interspaces 12 between the individual heat exchanger plates 11 .
- the heat exchanger plates 11 are each connected to the supply line 6 at the top and to the outlet line 7 at the bottom DE 10 2012 109 493 B4 is described.
- a possibility is also shown here of how the heat exchanger plates 11 in question can be connected in a liquid-tight manner, in particular by welding, to the lines 6, 7 or the supply line 6 and the discharge line 7, which are each designed as pipelines.
- both the supply line 6 and the discharge line 7 with the heat exchanger plates 11 arranged in between or carried by the two lines 6, 7 are each connected to the housing 1, 2, 3 in a cantilevered manner on one side.
- both the supply line 6 and the discharge line 7 are pipelines that are closed at the ends. This means that the feed line 6 is only open at its inlet end, while the opposite end of the feed line 6 has a closure 13 at the end.
- the derivation 7 also has such an end closure 13 of the relevant pipeline.
- the closure 13 at the end is located in the derivative 7 opposite the outlet-side end of the derivative 7.
- the supply line 6 is connected to an end face 2 of the housing 1, 2, 3 on the inlet side or with its open end.
- the derivation 7 is connected on the outlet side, ie with its end open on the outlet side, to the other and opposite end face 3 of the housing 1, 2, 3. Since the supply line 6 is also connected to the heat exchanger plates 11 at the head end, while the heat exchanger plates 11 are connected to the discharge line 7 at the bottom end, the inlet of the supply line 6 and the outlet of the discharge line 7 are located diagonally opposite one another, as can be seen in FIG the 2 recognizes.
- the inlet line 6 is welded into an opening 14 of the end face 2 carrying it.
- the two weld seams 15 act as one-sided attachment points for the supply line 6 on the one hand and on the other hand the derivation 7. Because the end of the line 6, 7 in question opposite the weld seams 15 or fastening points is overhung with the end closure 13, consequently not connected or coupled to the housing 1, 2, 3 in any way.
- any changes in length of both the lines 6, 7 and changes in surface area of the heat exchanger plates 11 can be accommodated stress-free relative to the housing 1, 2, 3 and stress fractures or stress cracks expressly do not occur according to the invention.
- the supply line 6 as well as the discharge line 7 each engage with their end-side closure 13 in a further opening 16 of the end face 2, 3 of the housing 1, 2, 3, with play to the one-sided cantilever mounting of the respective Line 6, 7 relative to the housing 1, 2, 3 to realize.
- the opening 16 in question is located opposite the opening 14, which is used to define the weld seam 15 or the attachment point or attachment ring.
- the opening 16 in question is closed overall with a cap 17 on the end face 2, 3 in question.
- this means that the feed line 6 is connected to the end face 2 of the housing 1 , 2 , 3 with its inlet.
- a fastening point or fastening ring for the supply line 6 is defined in the opening 14 accommodating the inlet of the supply line 6 with the aid of the weld seam 15 .
- the supply line 6 is mounted on one side in the housing 1, 2, 3 at this attachment point or attachment ring. This is because the opposite end of the supply line 6 engages with the end closure 13 provided there with play in the opening 16 on the opposite end face 3 .
- the opening 16 is closed with a cap 17, which also has the necessary distance to the end Closure 13 and the end of the lead 6, so that the desired cantilever storage of the lead 6 is guaranteed.
- the discharge line 7 engages with its outlet in the opening 14 in the end face 3 .
- the weld seam 15 ensures that the derivation 7 is fixed on one side by the fastening point or fastening ring realized in this way.
- the opposite end of the derivative 7 with the end closure 13 is received in the opening 16 of the opposite end face 2 with play.
- the cap 17 closing the opening 16 is also connected to the end face 2 in question with play relative to the end closure 13 of the derivative 7 .
- the heat exchanger plates 11 are primarily held between the supply line 6 and the discharge line 7 and only lateral spacers 18 are provided for the jacket 1 of the housing 1, 2, 3. Due to the one-sided cantilever mounting of both the supply line 6 and the discharge line 7, overall stress cracks are avoided and the long-term functionality of the heat exchanger described is ensured.
- the heat exchanger plates 11 are designed octagonal in cross section and according to the embodiment. Of course, this only applies as an example and is by no means mandatory.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmetauscher, mit mehreren in einem Gehäuse angeordneten Wärmetauscherplatten, die an wenigstens eine Zuleitung und eine Ableitung für ein erstes Fluid angeschlossen sind, und mit zumindest einem an das Gehäuse angeschlossenen Zulauf und Ablauf für ein zweites, Zwischenräume zwischen den Wärmetauscherplatten unter Wärmeaustausch passierendes, Fluid, wobei sowohl die Zuleitung als auch die Ableitung mit den dazwischen angeordneten Wärmetauscherplatten jeweils einseitig fliegend gelagert an das Gehäuse angeschlossen sind.The invention relates to a heat exchanger with a plurality of heat exchanger plates arranged in a housing, which are connected to at least one inlet and one outlet for a first fluid, and with at least one inlet and outlet connected to the housing for a second fluid, intermediate spaces between the heat exchanger plates with heat exchange passing fluid, both the supply line and the discharge line with the heat exchanger plates arranged in between are each connected to the housing in a cantilevered manner on one side.
Ein Wärmetauscher des vorerwähnten Aufbaus wird in der
Ein vergleichbarer Wärmetauscher bzw. dessen Herstellungsverfahren wird in der
Ein katalytischer Reaktor mit Wärmetauscher für endothermische und exothermische Reaktionen wird darüber hinaus in der
Ein mehrzügiges Thermoblech und ein damit ausgestatteter Wärmetauscher wird schließlich in der
Der Stand der Technik hat sich grundsätzlich bewährt. Allerdings ergeben sich in der Praxis oftmals Probleme dahingehend, dass zwischen den beiden Fluiden große Temperaturunterschiede vorliegen bzw. die Fluide nicht gleichzeitig in den Wärmetauscher eingespeist werden. Dadurch kann es zu unterschiedlichen Temperaturausdehnungen der einzelnen Fluidführungen kommen. Da bei dem zuvor beschriebenen Wärmetauscher die Wärmetauscherplatten sowohl an die wenigstens eine Zuleitung als auch die zumindest eine Ableitung für das erste Fluid angeschlossen sind, machen sich hier Temperaturschwankungen besonders deutlich bemerkbar. Tatsächlich führen diese Temperaturschwankungen sowohl zu Längenänderungen der Zuleitung bzw. Ableitung als auch zu Flächenänderungen der an die Zuleitung und die Ableitung angeschlossenen Wärmetauscherplatten. Das kann in der Praxis unter Umständen nicht nur zu Materialermüdungen führen, sondern im schlimmsten Fall zu beispielsweise Rissen in den Zu- oder Ableitungen oder auch den Wärmetauscherplatten. Hier will die Erfindung insgesamt Abhilfe schaffen.The state of the art has basically proven itself. However, problems often arise in practice to the effect that there are large temperature differences between the two fluids or the fluids are not fed into the heat exchanger at the same time. This can lead to different temperature expansions of the individual fluid guides. Since, in the heat exchanger described above, the heat exchanger plates are connected to both the at least one supply line and the at least one discharge line for the first fluid, temperature fluctuations are particularly noticeable here. In fact, these temperature fluctuations lead both to changes in the length of the supply line or discharge line and to changes in the area of the heat exchanger plates connected to the supply line and discharge line. In practice, this can not only lead to material fatigue, but in the worst case to cracks in the inlet and outlet lines or the heat exchanger plates. This is where the invention aims to remedy the situation overall.
Der Erfindung liegt das technische Problem zugrunde, einen derartigen Wärmetauscher so weiterzuentwickeln, dass temperaturbedingte Materialspannungen möglichst zerstörungsfrei aufgenommen werden können.The invention is based on the technical problem of further developing such a heat exchanger in such a way that temperature-related material stresses can be absorbed as non-destructively as possible.
Zur Lösung dieser technischen Problemstellung schlägt die Erfindung bei einem gattungsgemäßen Wärmetauscher vor, dass sowohl die Zuleitung und die Ableitung jeweils einlassseitig bzw. auslassseitig in eine Öffnung der Stirnseite eingeschweißt sind, wobei die Zuleitung und die Ableitung jeweils mit ihrem endseitigen Verschluss in eine Öffnung der Stirnseite des Gehäuses mit Spiel eingreifen.To solve this technical problem, the invention proposes in a generic heat exchanger that both the supply line and the discharge line are welded into an opening in the end face on the inlet side or outlet side, with the supply line and the discharge line each with their end closure in an opening in the face side of the housing engage with play.
Die Erfindung geht zunächst einmal von der Erkenntnis aus, dass die Wärmetauscherplatten zwischen sich jeweils Strömungskanäle definieren, die wiederum an die betreffende Zuleitung respektive Ableitung angeschlossen sind. Zu diesem Zweck sind die Zuleitung und die Ableitung vorteilhaft mit Schlitzen zur Verbindung mit den Wärmetauscherplatten ausgerüstet. Die einzelnen Wärmetauscherplatten werden darüber hinaus zwischen der Zuleitung und der Ableitung platziert und von der Zuleitung und Ableitung getragen. Aufgrund der vorgesehenen jeweils einseitig fliegenden Lagerung sowohl der Zuleitung als auch der Ableitung am Gehäuse wird folglich die Baueinheit aus der Zuleitung, der Ableitung und den dazwischen angeordneten Wärmetauscherplatten überwiegend an zwei sich zumeist diagonal gegenüberliegenden Befestigungspunkten gehalten. Dadurch werden etwaige Flächenänderungen der Wärmetauscherplatten ebenso wie Längenänderungen der Zuleitung sowie der Ableitung spannungsfrei aufgenommen bzw. können Spannungsrisse oder Spannungsbrüche ausdrücklich nicht auftreten, wie sie im Stand der Technik möglich sind.The invention is initially based on the knowledge that the heat exchanger plates each define flow channels between themselves, which in turn are connected to the relevant supply line or discharge line. For this purpose, the supply line and the discharge line are advantageously equipped with slots for connection to the heat exchanger plates. The individual heat exchanger plates are also placed between the inlet and outlet and supported by the inlet and outlet. Due to the intended one-sided cantilever mounting of both the supply line and the discharge line on the housing, the assembly consisting of the supply line, the discharge line and the heat exchanger plates arranged between them is mainly held at two mostly diagonally opposite attachment points. As a result, any changes in surface area of the heat exchanger plates as well as changes in length of the supply line and the discharge line are absorbed without stress or stress cracks or stress fractures, as they are possible in the prior art, expressly cannot occur.
Um dies im Detail zu erreichen und umzusetzen, sind die Zuleitung und die Ableitung jeweils als endseitig geschlossene Rohrleitung ausgebildet. Außerdem wird erfindungsgemäß so vorgegangen, dass die Zuleitung und die Ableitung jeweils einlassseitig respektive auslassseitig an die Stirnseite des Gehäuses angeschlossen sind.In order to achieve and implement this in detail, the supply line and the discharge line are each designed as a pipeline that is closed at the end. In addition, according to the invention, the procedure is such that the supply line and the discharge line are each connected to the end face of the housing on the inlet side or outlet side.
Dabei wird darüber hinaus im Allgemeinen so vorgegangen, dass die Zuleitung und die Ableitung einlassseitig bzw. auslassseitig an sich gegenüberliegende Stirnseiten des Gehäuses angeschlossen sind. Das heißt, die Zuleitung mit ihrem Einlass und folglich einlassseitig ist an eine erste Stirnseite des Gehäuses angeschlossen. Demgegenüber erfährt die Ableitung mit ihrem Auslass und folglich auslassseitig an einer zweiten Stirnseite einen Anschluss. Die beiden Stirnseiten des Gehäuses liegen sich gegenüber. Dabei ist der Anschluss der Zuleitung und der Ableitung einerseits einlassseitig der Zuleitung und andererseits auslassseitig der Ableitung im Detail und erfindungsgemäß so umgesetzt, dass die fragliche Zuleitung und die Ableitung jeweils in eine Öffnung der betreffenden Stirnseite eingeschweißt ist.In addition, the procedure is generally such that the supply line and the discharge line are connected to opposite end faces of the housing on the inlet side or outlet side. This means that the feed line with its inlet and consequently on the inlet side is connected to a first end face of the housing. In contrast, the derivation with its outlet and consequently on the outlet side experiences a connection on a second end face. The two front sides of the housing face each other. The connection of the supply line and the discharge line on the one hand on the inlet side of the supply line and on the other hand on the outlet side of the discharge line is implemented in detail and according to the invention in such a way that the supply line in question and the discharge line are each welded into an opening in the end face in question.
Da die Zuleitung im Regelfall kopfseitig an die Wärmetauscherplatten angeschlossen ist, während die Ableitung fußseitig mit den Wärmetauscherplatten verbunden ist, oder umgekehrt, liegen sich die auf diese Weise realisierten Befestigungspunkte für einerseits die Zuleitung und andererseits die Ableitung im Hinblick auf das Gehäuse gegenüber, und zwar diagonal gegenüberliegend. Das wird mit Bezug zu der Figurenbeschreibung noch näher erläutert. Der jeweilige Befestigungspunkt der einseitig fliegend an das Gehäuse angeschlossenen Zuleitung respektive der Ableitung wird dabei durch die Schweißverbindung der Zuleitung respektive der Ableitung in der zugehörigen Öffnung der Stirnseite zur Verfügung gestellt.Since the supply line is usually connected to the heat exchanger plates at the head end, while the discharge line is connected to the heat exchanger plates at the bottom end, or vice versa, the fastening points realized in this way for the supply line on the one hand and the discharge line on the other hand are opposite one another with regard to the housing, specifically diagonally opposite. This is explained in more detail with reference to the description of the figures. The respective fastening point of the supply line or the discharge line, which is connected to the housing in a cantilevered manner on one side, is made available by the welded connection of the supply line or the discharge line in the associated opening in the end face.
Dabei ist sowohl die Zuleitung als auch die Ableitung jeweils nur einseitig an die betreffende Stirnseite des Gehäuses angeschlossen, während das andere Ende der endseitig geschlossenen Rohrleitung frei ist, so dass auf diese Weise die einseitig fliegende Lagerung der betreffenden Zuleitung oder Ableitung gegenüber dem Gehäuse zur Verfügung gestellt wird.In this case, both the supply line and the discharge line are only connected to the relevant end face of the housing on one side, while the other end of the pipeline, which is closed at the end, is free, so that the supply line or discharge line in question can be cantilevered on one side in relation to the housing is provided.
Der fragliche endseitige Verschluss der Rohrleitung an der Zuleitung bzw. Ableitung greift dabei erfindungsgemäß in die Öffnung der Stirnseite des Gehäuses ein. Dabei findet sich die Öffnung in der der Stirnseite mit dem Befestigungspunkt für die betreffende Leitung gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite. Dadurch können die Wärmetauscherplatten in ihrer nebeneinander angeordneten Topologie praktisch die gesamte Distanz zwischen den beiden sich gegenüberliegenden Stirnseiten des Gehäuses ausfüllen. Gegenüber bisher in der Praxis eingesetzten Varianten ist nun das freie Ende der betreffenden Leitung mit dem jeweils endseitigen Verschluss nicht an die gegenüberliegende Stirnseite angeschlossen, sondern greift in die dort vorgesehene Öffnung mit Spiel ein.According to the invention, the end-side closure of the pipeline on the supply line or discharge line in question engages in the opening in the end face of the housing. The opening is in the end face opposite the end face with the attachment point for the line in question. As a result, the heat exchanger plates, in their topology arranged next to one another, can practically fill the entire distance between the two opposite end faces of the housing. In contrast to variants previously used in practice, the free end of the relevant line with the closure at the end is not connected to the opposite end face, but engages in the opening provided there with play.
Außerdem ist die Auslegung so getroffen, dass die fragliche Öffnung der Stirnseite des Gehäuses mit einer Kappe verschlossen ist. Die Kappe weist wie die Öffnung in der betreffenden Stirnseite des Gehäuses einen Abstand zur darin platzierten Leitung respektive dem endseitigen Verschluss auf. Dadurch greifen die Zuleitung und die Ableitung jeweils mit ihrem endseitigen Verschluss in die Öffnung der Stirnseite des Gehäuses mit Spiel ein.In addition, the design is such that the opening in question in the end face of the housing is closed with a cap. Like the opening in the relevant end face of the housing, the cap is at a distance from the line placed therein or the closure at the end. As a result, the supply line and the discharge line each engage with their end-side closure in the opening of the end face of the housing with play.
Das erste und das zweite Fluid werden im Allgemeinen im Gegenstrom geführt. Grundsätzlich können das erste und zweite Fluid aber auch im Gleichstrom oder auch im Kreuzstrom geführt werden. Folgerichtig handelt es sich bei dem beanspruchten Wärmetauscher meistens um einen Gegenstrom-Plattenwärmetauscher. Grundsätzlich sind natürlich auch andere Führungen für die beiden Fluide möglich, wie sie zuvor beschrieben worden sind. Ferner sind die Wärmetauscherplatten vorteilhaft als Thermobleche mit kissenartigen Strömungskanälen für das Fluid ausgebildet. Solche Thermobleche zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass die zugehörigen Wärmetauscherplatten jeweils paarweise und punktuell zu Thermoblechen unter Bildung der fraglichen kissenartigen Strömungskanäle gekoppelt sind, wie dies im Detail im Stand der Technik beispielsweise nach der
Im Ergebnis wird ein Wärmetauscher zur Verfügung gestellt und beschrieben, der auch für den Wärmeaustausch zwischen Fluiden mit hohem Temperaturunterschied ebenso geeignet ist wie für Fälle, bei denen die Fluide beispielsweise zeitlich nacheinander den Wärmetauscher durchströmen und möglicherweise noch über einen großen Temperaturunterschied verfügen. Sämtliche mit solchen Szenarien verbundenen Wärmeeffekten und Materialspannungen trägt die Erfindung dadurch Rechnung, dass sowohl die Zuleitung als auch die Ableitung mit den dazwischen angeordneten Wärmetauscherplatten jeweils einseitig fliegend gelagert an das Gehäuse angeschlossen sind.As a result, a heat exchanger is made available and described which is also suitable for the heat exchange between fluids with a large temperature difference and for cases in which the fluids flow through the heat exchanger one after the other and possibly still have a large temperature difference. The invention takes account of all thermal effects and material stresses associated with such scenarios in that both the supply line and the discharge line with the heat exchanger plates arranged in between are each connected to the housing in a cantilevered manner on one side.
Das Gehäuse kann seinerseits tonnenförmig mit den beiden sich gegenüberliegenden Stirnseiten ausgerüstet sein. Es ist aber auch möglich, auf andere Gehäuseformen zurückzugreifen. Darüber hinaus können die Wärmetauscherplatten selbstverständlich auch als ebene Platten ausgelegt sein. Der Rückgriff auf Thermobleche ist zwar vorteilhaft aber nicht notwendig. Darüber hinaus kann das Gehäuse des Wärmetauschers mit beispielsweise Manipulationseinrichtungen wie angebrachten Ösen an den Stirnseiten für den Eingriff von Hebezeugen ausgerüstet werden. Auch zusätzliche Kühlrippen außenseitig des Gehäuses zur Wärmeabgabe nach außerhalb sind denkbar.The housing can in turn be barrel-shaped with the two opposite end faces. However, it is also possible to use other housing shapes. In addition, the heat exchanger plates can of course also be designed as flat plates. The use of thermal sheets is advantageous but not necessary. In addition, the housing of the heat exchanger can be equipped with, for example, manipulation devices such as attached lugs on the front sides for the intervention of lifting gear. Additional cooling fins on the outside of the housing for dissipating heat to the outside are also conceivable.
Das gesamte Gehäuse inklusive Wärmetauscherplatten und Leitungen ist meistens aus Stahl, insbesondere Edelstahl, gefertigt.The entire housing, including heat exchanger plates and lines, is mostly made of steel, especially stainless steel.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert; es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- den erfindungsgemäßen Wärmetauscher perspektivisch
- Fig. 2
- einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch den Gegenstand nach der
Fig. 1 und - Fig. 3
- einen schematischen Querschnitt durch den Gegenstand nach
Fig. 1 .
- 1
- the heat exchanger according to the invention in perspective
- 2
- a schematic longitudinal section through the object after
1 and - 3
- a schematic cross section through the
object 1 .
In den Figuren ist ein Wärmetauscher dargestellt, der zunächst einmal über ein tonnenförmiges Gehäuse 1, 2, 3 verfügt. Das tonnenförmige Gehäuse 1, 2, 3 setzt sich im Wesentlichen aus einer Mantelfläche 1 zwischen zwei sich gegenüberliegenden Stirnseiten 2, 3 zusammen. Außenseitig der Mantelfläche 1 können Kühlrippen 4, 5 vorgesehen sein, die als umfangseitig verlaufende Kühlrippen 4 und axial zwischen den Stirnseiten 2, 3 verlaufende Kühlrippen 5 ausgebildet sind.A heat exchanger is shown in the figures, which initially has a barrel-shaped
Zusätzlich erkennt man noch eine Zuleitung 6 und eine Ableitung 7 für ein erstes und durch das Gehäuse 1, 2, 3 geführtes Fluid. Bei dem ersten Fluid kann es sich um ein Wärmeträgermedium handeln, dessen Wärme beispielsweise auf ein zweites Fluid übertragen wird, welches über einen Zulauf 8 und einen Ablauf 9 ebenfalls durch das Gehäuse 1, 2, 3 geführt wird. In der
Das zweite und über den Zulauf 8 in das Gehäuse 1, 2, 3 eintretende Fluid, welches über den Ablauf 9 das Gehäuse 1, 2, 3 wieder verlässt, wird mit Hilfe des ersten Fluids bzw. Wärmeträgermediums erwärmt oder kann auch abgekühlt werden, falls es sich bei dem ersten Fluid um ein Kühlmedium handelt. Um den Wärmetausch zu intensivieren, ist die Zuleitung 6 und die Ableitung 7 für das erste Fluid mit im Innern des Gehäuses 1, 2, 3 aufgenommenen Wärmetauscherplatten 11 gekoppelt, die man am besten in den beiden Schnittzeichnungen nach den
Das zweite und über den Zulauf 8 in das Gehäuse 1, 2, 3 eintretende und über den Ablauf 9 das Gehäuse 1, 2, 3 wieder verlassende Fluid wird dabei in Zwischenräumen 12 zwischen den einzelnen Wärmetauscherplatten 11 geführt. Tatsächlich sind die Wärmetauscherplatten 11 jeweils kopfseitig an die Zuleitung 6 angeschlossen und fußseitig an die Ableitung 7. Zu diesem Zweck sind die Zuleitung 6 und auch die Ableitung 7 jeweils mit Schlitzen zur Verbindung mit den fraglichen Wärmetauscherplatten 11 ausgerüstet, wie dies im Detail in der gattungsbildenden
Erfindungsgemäß sind nun sowohl die Zuleitung 6 als auch die Ableitung 7 mit den dazwischen angeordneten bzw. von den beiden Leitungen 6, 7 getragenen Wärmetauscherplatten 11 jeweils einseitig fliegend gelagert an das Gehäuse 1, 2, 3 angeschlossen. Zu diesem Zweck handelt es sich sowohl bei der Zuleitung 6 als auch der Ableitung 7 jeweils um eine endseitig geschlossene Rohrleitung. Das heißt, die Zuleitung 6 ist lediglich an ihrem einlassseitigen Ende geöffnet, während das gegenüberliegende Ende der Zuleitung 6 einen endseitigen Verschluss 13 aufweist. Auch die Ableitung 7 verfügt über einen solchen endseitigen Verschluss 13 der betreffenden Rohrleitung. Der endseitige Verschluss 13 findet sich bei der Ableitung 7 gegenüberliegend dem auslassseitigen Ende der Ableitung 7. Insbesondere anhand der Längsschnittdarstellung in der
Die Zuleitung 6 ist einlassseitig in eine Öffnung 14 der sie tragenden Stirnseite 2 eingeschweißt. Gleiches gilt für die Ableitung 7. Das heißt, die Ableitung 7 ist auslassseitig in eine korrespondierende Öffnung 14 der gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite 3 ebenfalls eingeschweißt. Das erkennt man anhand jeweiliger Schweißnähte 15 in der betreffenden Öffnung 14. Die beiden Schweißnähte 15 fungieren dabei als einseitige Befestigungspunkte für einerseits die Zuleitung 6 und andererseits die Ableitung 7. Denn das jeweils den Schweißnähten 15 bzw. Befestigungspunkten gegenüberliegende Ende der fraglichen Leitung 6, 7 ist demgegenüber mit dem endseitigen Verschluss 13 fliegend gelagert, folglich nicht mit dem Gehäuse 1, 2, 3 in irgendeiner Weise verbunden oder gekoppelt. Dadurch können etwaige Längenänderungen sowohl der Leitungen 6, 7 als auch Flächenänderungen der Wärmetauscherplatten 11 insgesamt spannungsfrei gegenüber dem Gehäuse 1, 2, 3 aufgenommen werden und treten Spannungsbrüche oder Spannungsrisse erfindungsgemäß ausdrücklich nicht auf.The
Man erkennt, dass die Zuleitung 6 ebenso wie die Ableitung 7 jeweils mit ihrem endseitigen Verschluss 13 in eine weitere Öffnung 16 der Stirnseite 2, 3 des Gehäuses 1, 2, 3 eingreifen, und zwar mit Spiel, um die jeweils einseitige fliegende Lagerung der betreffenden Leitung 6, 7 gegenüber dem Gehäuse 1, 2, 3 zu realisieren. Tatsächlich findet sich die betreffende Öffnung 16 jeweils gegenüberliegend der Öffnung 14, welche zur Definition der Schweißnaht 15 bzw. des Befestigungspunktes oder Befestigungsringes dient. Die fragliche Öffnung 16 ist dabei insgesamt mit einer Kappe 17 an der betreffenden Stirnseite 2, 3 verschlossen.It can be seen that the
Im Detail bedeutet dies, dass die Zuleitung 6 mit ihrem Einlass an die Stirnseite 2 des Gehäuses 1, 2, 3 angeschlossen ist. Dazu wird in der den Einlass der Zuleitung 6 aufnehmenden Öffnung 14 mit Hilfe der Schweißnaht 15 ein Befestigungspunkt bzw. Befestigungsring für die Zuleitung 6 definiert. In diesem Befestigungspunkt bzw. Befestigungsring ist die Zuleitung 6 einseitig in dem Gehäuse 1, 2, 3 gelagert. Denn das gegenüberliegende Ende der Zuleitung 6 greift mit dem dort vorgesehenen endseitigen Verschluss 13 mit Spiel in die Öffnung 16 an der gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite 3 ein. Die Öffnung 16 ist mit einer Kappe 17 verschlossen, die ebenfalls den nötigen Abstand zum endseitigen Verschluss 13 und dem Ende der Zuleitung 6 aufweist, damit die gewünschte fliegende Lagerung der Zuleitung 6 gewährleistet ist. In gleicher Weise greift die Ableitung 7 mit ihrem Auslass in die Öffnung 14 in der Stirnseite 3 ein. Hier sorgt erneut die Schweißnaht 15 für die einseitige Festlegung der Ableitung 7 durch den auf diese Weise realisierten Befestigungspunkt bzw. Befestigungsring. Das gegenüberliegende Ende der Ableitung 7 mit dem endseitigen Verschluss 13 wird in der Öffnung 16 der gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite 2 mit Spiel aufgenommen. Die die Öffnung 16 verschließende Kappe 17 ist ebenfalls mit Spiel gegenüber dem endseitigen Verschluss 13 der Ableitung 7 an die betreffende Stirnseite 2 angeschlossen.In detail, this means that the
Anhand der
Claims (7)
- A heat exchanger with a plurality of heat exchanger plates (11) arranged in a housing (1, 2, 3), which are connected to at least one supply line (6) and one discharge line (7) for a first fluid, and with at least one inlet (8) and outlet (9) connected to the housing (1, 2, 3) for a second fluid passing with a heat exchange through intermediate spaces (12) between the heat exchanger plates (11),wherein the supply line (6) and the discharge line (7) are each connected cantilevered at one end to the housing (1, 2, 3) with the heat exchanger plates (11) arranged in between,characterised in thatthe supply line (6) and the discharge line (7) are each welded in an opening (14) of an end face (2, 3) on the inlet side and outlet side and are constituted in each case as a pipeline closed at the end, whereinthe supply line (6) and the discharge line (7) engage with play each with a closure (13) at their ends in an opening (16) of the respectively opposite end face (2, 3) of the housing (1, 2, 3).
- The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterised in that the supply line (6) and the discharge line (7) are each connected at the inlet side and the outlet side to the same end face (2, 3) of the housing (1, 2, 3) .
- The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterised in that the supply line (6) and the discharge line (7) are each connected at the inlet side and outlet side to opposite end faces (2, 3) of the housing (1, 2, 3).
- The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the opening (16) of the end face (2, 3) of the housing (1, 2, 3) into which the respective closure of the supply and discharge line engages, is closed with a cap (17).
- The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the supply line (6) and the discharge line (7) are provided with slots for connecting with the heat exchanger plates (11).
- The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the first fluid and the second fluid are conveyed in a counterflow.
- The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the heat exchanger plates (11) are constituted as thermoshelves with cushion-like flow channels for the first fluid.
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EP19153601.0A EP3686537B1 (en) | 2019-01-24 | 2019-01-24 | Heat exchanger |
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EP19153601.0A EP3686537B1 (en) | 2019-01-24 | 2019-01-24 | Heat exchanger |
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EP3686537B1 true EP3686537B1 (en) | 2023-01-11 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE859745C (en) * | 1951-02-25 | 1952-12-15 | Julius Dr-Ing Schierenbeck | Heat exchanger with expansion compensation |
DE3611108C1 (en) * | 1986-04-03 | 1987-07-30 | Balcke Duerr Ag | Method and device for pressure-tight fastening of straight pipes between two pipe disks |
FR2625692B1 (en) * | 1988-01-13 | 1990-06-22 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | INTERNAL THERMAL CONTROL REACTOR BY HEAT EXCHANGE HOLLOW PLATES |
EP1221339A1 (en) | 2001-01-05 | 2002-07-10 | Methanol Casale S.A. | Catalytic reactor with heat exchanger for exothermic and endothermic heterogeneous chemical reactions |
EP2234713B1 (en) | 2008-01-28 | 2016-10-12 | Freimut Joachim Marold | Use of a heat exchanger for chemical reactions |
US9285172B2 (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2016-03-15 | Westinghouse Electric Company Llc | Modular plate and shell heat exchanger |
DK2399668T3 (en) | 2010-06-23 | 2014-06-23 | Freimut Joachim Marold | Process for reacting especially gaseous reaction media |
DE102012109493B4 (en) | 2012-10-05 | 2016-11-17 | Freimut Joachim Marold | Method for producing a heat exchanger device |
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