EP3686144A1 - Method for data transfer and system - Google Patents

Abstract

Methods (100, 200, 200 ') and a system (10) set up for executing at least one of the methods are disclosed, using the methods (100, 200, 200') a connection between a first communication unit (KE1) and a second communication unit (KE2) is produced. The first communication unit (KE1) and the second communication unit (KE2) preferably work with Bluetooth low-energy technology. In the method (100) according to a first aspect of the invention, the first communication unit (KE1) carried by the user (B) sends at least to initiate the establishment of a connection between the first communication unit (KE1) and the second communication unit (KE2) a display radio signal (FS). Accordingly, the first communication unit (KE1) preferably initially works as a peripheral (P) and sends out Bluetooth advertisements (FS) to initiate a connection. In a method (200, 200 ') according to a second aspect of the invention, the second communication unit (KE2), which is preferably installed in a fixed position or is set up and intended to be installed in a stationary manner, transmits a connection between the first communication unit (KE1) and the second communication unit (KE2) from at least one display radio signal. Accordingly, the second communication unit (KE1) preferably initially works as a peripheral (P) and sends out Bluetooth advertisements (FS) to initiate a connection.

Description

The website https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/iPhone / Conceptual / iPhoneOSProgrammingGuide / TheAppLifeCycle / TheAppL ifeCycle.html describes the status of applications (apps), especially for smartphones or tablets with the iOS operating system. An app can either run in the foreground - these statuses are called Inactive or Active - or the app cannot run in the foreground because the app is either in the background and executes program code (this status is called background) or the app is in the background, but does not execute any code (this status is called suspended) or the app is in a non-running status because the app has not been started or has been terminated by the operating system (this is referred to as not running). Applications of other operating systems, for example watchOS or Android or Android Wear or Wear OS, can be in the corresponding status.

On the website https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/Netw orkingInternetWeb / Conceptual / CoreBluetooth concepts / CoreBlueto othBackgroundProcessingForIOSApps / PerformingTasksWhileYourAppI sInTheBackground.html it is described that tasks of an app that are used to create a Bluetooth low Energy connection between two communication units is executable on a communication unit, can be taken over by the operating system of the communication unit if the app has been set to the status in which the app is in the background but is not executing any program code (status: Suspended), or if the app , especially by the operating system.

The inventors have set themselves the task of specifying an improved concept with which a connection for data transmission between two communication units can be established.

This object is achieved with a method according to claim 1, a method according to claim 2 and a system according to claim 6:

In a first aspect of the invention, a method for transmitting data between a first communication unit carried by a user and a second communication unit is specified. An application (application software), abbreviated app, can be run on the first communication unit for transmitting data between the first communication unit and the second communication unit. According to the method, a display radio signal, for example a Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) advertisement, is transmitted by the first communication unit while the application is not running in the foreground. The application can therefore be, for example, executing program code in the background (background) or in the background, but not executing program code (suspended) or neither in the foreground nor in the background, that is to say either not started or ended (not running). In particular, the app can be in a state in which the application arrives when it has been started by the user and then ended by the operating system and not by the user, in order to save electricity. The display radio signal is preferably free of an identifier for identifying the first communication unit. However, the display radio signal can contain, for example, information about whether the first communication unit is, for example, an iOS, a watchOS, an Android, an Android Wear or Wear OS device. The transmitted radio signal is received by the second communication unit. A connection is established between the first communication unit and the second communication unit on the basis of the received radio signal. For this purpose, the app, particularly if the app has been terminated by the operating system to save energy (status of the app: not running), is preferably set to the background status in which the app executes program code (status: background) if the app is not already in this status is. For example, the app is set to background mode without background code (Status: Suspended) or from a status (Status: Not running), in which the operating system puts the app in exit mode to save power, in which the app executes code (status: background). Data is transmitted from the first communication unit to the second communication unit and / or from the second communication unit to the first communication unit via the connection. When data is spoken of in this description or in the claims, it includes at least one date. For example, a target of the user, in particular a target floor, or an identifier for identifying the first communication unit or an identifier for identifying the user or an access authorization for the user or a command, such as "release door lock" or "automatically open door", is transmitted .

In a second aspect of the invention, a method for transmitting data between a first communication unit carried by a user and a second communication unit is specified, wherein an application (the application can be the same application as specified above) is used on the first communication unit Transmission of data between the first communication unit and the second communication unit is executable. According to the method, a transmission radio signal, in particular a Bluetooth low energy advertisement, is transmitted by the second communication unit. The transmitted radio communication signal is received by the first communication unit while the application is not running in the foreground. For example, the application can be executing program code in the background (background status) or in the background, but not executing program code (suspended status) or neither in the foreground nor in the background, i.e. either not started or ended (not running status). The application can be in a status, for example, in which the application arrives when it has been started by the user and then ended by the operating system rather than by the user, in order to save power. The status of the application can be changed based on the received radio signal. In particular, the application can be set to the status in which the application executes program code in the background (status background), or the application is brought to the foreground. The operating system of the first communication unit is preferably predefined, on which the identifier of the second communication unit, which is determined by the provider of the system, for example the user, is to be observed by the operating system, and the operating system is predefined to put the application into one of the above-mentioned states when it is receives a display radio signal with exactly this specified identifier. A connection is established between the first communication unit and the second communication unit. Data is transmitted from the first communication unit to the second communication unit and / or from the second communication unit to the first communication unit via the connection. For example, a target of the user, in particular a target floor, or identifier for identifying the first communication unit or an identifier for identifying the user or a Access authorization of the user or a command, such as "unlock door lock" or "open door automatically" transmitted.

In the method according to the first aspect, the ability of the first communication unit is used, even if the app is not running in the foreground, to send out radio signals. On the basis of the method, a connection between the first communication unit and the second communication unit can, for example, also be established quickly after the first communication unit has come within range of the second communication unit if the capability of the first communication unit increases with sufficient frequency per unit of time after transmitted display radio signals looking, is not given. In the method according to the second aspect, the ability of the first communication unit is used to search for transmitted radio signals even when the app is not running in the foreground. On the basis of the method, a connection between the first communication unit and the second communication unit can, for example, also be established quickly after the first communication unit has come within range of the second communication unit if the ability of the first communication unit to transmit radio signals with sufficient frequency per time unit is not given is.

In the context of this invention, the display radio signal, a signal that allows further communication units to recognize that the first communication unit or the second communication unit that transmits the display radio signal, exists in the environment. The display radio signal can be, in particular, a Bluetooth low energy advertisement. On the basis of the Bluetooth low energy advertisement, the method according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the invention, preferably a Bluetooth low energy connection is established between the first communication unit and the second communication unit.

In particular in the method according to the second aspect, the second communication unit preferably sends Bluetooth low energy advertisements with an identifier defined by the provider of the system in a configurable interval. In particular, this can be a UUID, which can have a length of 128 bits. The first communication unit scans while the application on the first communication unit is not running in the foreground, but while the application is, for example, in the suspended or not running status, preferably for Bluetooth Low Energy Advertisements with this defined identifier. The first communication unit is preferably additionally set up to scan for Bluetooth Low Energy Advertisements with this defined identifier when the application is running in the foreground. For this purpose, the first communication unit can, in particular, be initiated by the application.

In the method according to the first aspect and in the method according to the second aspect, the connection between the first communication unit and the second communication unit is preferably automatic, that is to say without user input or without, provided that the user has predetermined certain data to be transmitted that the app would have to be switched to foreground mode. The specific data can be, for example, the "automatically open door" command or the "automatically unlock door" command or an identifier for identifying the user and / or the first communication unit. For this purpose, the application is preferably carried out in the Background offset (for example from the status Not running or Suspended), so that it has the status in the background, processing program code (Status: Background). The data are preferably stored on the first communication unit. The data can be entered, for example, on the user interface of the app in order to predefine it. The specific data are communicated to the second communication unit via the connection, while the application preferably remains in the background.

In an alternative embodiment of the method according to the second aspect of the invention, the application is switched to the foreground mode after the reception of the display radio signal by the first communication unit. This can be done in particular by user input into the first communication unit. The user may previously have been prompted by the first communication unit to put the application in the foreground by issuing a push message. A connection is established between the first communication unit and the second communication unit, the user being able to enter data into the first communication unit, the input data being transmitted from the first communication unit to the second communication unit.

In exemplary embodiments of any of the methods described, after the connection to the second communication unit has been established, the first communication unit can transmit radio signals, in particular Bluetooth low energy advertisements, for example for establishing a connection with further second communication units. So that the first communication unit after establishing the connection can transmit such display radio signals, the connection to the second communication unit may have to be disconnected beforehand. The transmission of the radio signals and, if the connection is disconnected for this purpose, also the disconnection, is preferably carried out without the need for user input. In particular, the application can remain in the background. The first communication unit transmits the display radio signals, in particular after the connection is disconnected, so that further second communication units can receive these radio signals in order to connect to the first communication unit and / or to determine a distance between the first communication unit and the further second communication units can.

The first communication unit carried by the user can be, for example, a smartphone, a tablet computer, a smart watch, glasses, a bracelet, a portable media player or another mobile device. For example, the iOS operating system or the Android operating system or the watchOS operating system or the Android Wear or Wear OS operating system can be installed on the first communication unit.

The second communication units are preferably installed in a fixed position or are intended and set up to be installed in a fixed position.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a system is specified which has a first communication unit which is carried by a user and has a second communication unit, the first communication unit and the second communication unit for carrying out an inventive method described above in accordance with the first aspect of the Invention and / or the second aspect of the invention are set up. Are preferred the first communication unit and the second communication unit are configured to carry out methods both according to the first aspect and according to the second aspect of the invention.

In embodiments of the invention in accordance with the aspects of the invention, the first communication unit comes from including the arrival of the user with the first communication unit into the receiving / transmitting range of the second communication unit and / or from including the transmission of the display radio signal by the first communication unit or the second communication unit up to and including the transmission of data without user input, can thus remain in the user's pocket, for example. It is not absolutely necessary to run the application in the foreground.

The second communication unit is preferably coupled to at least one drive device in order to cause the drive device to drive, in particular to move or move, on the transmitted data. The drive device can move parts of a door lock or a door lock, for example, so that the door is unlocked, ie the user can - preferably - open the door by hand, and / or the drive device can be coupled to the door in order to move the door, to open it automatically. Alternatively or additionally, the second communication unit is preferably coupled to a signal delivery device in order to cause the signal delivery device to issue a signal on the transmitted data.

The system can offer advantages in particular to physically impaired, in particular blind people, or mentally impaired people, since the system in preferred embodiments of including entering the transmission and / or reception area of the second communication unit, in which the second communication unit can transmit receivable radio signals or in which the second communication unit can receive transmitted radio signals, by the user with the first communication unit up to and including for the transmission of data the second communication unit and / or the first communication unit and, if appropriate, up to and including initiating driving by a drive device and / or up to and including the delivery of a, in particular acoustic or visual, signal by the signal delivery device and / or up to and including opening and / or unlocking one Door manages without user input into the first communication unit, in particular without typing or voice input.

Exemplary embodiments of the system - in particular its second communication unit - can be coupled to a door in order to automatically open the door by means of the system based on the transmitted data when the user approaches the door and / or to automatically unlock a door lock of the door. The door, which can be opened and / or unlocked automatically by means of the system, can be, for example, a building entrance door or a front door or an office door or an apartment door or a room door or another access door to one or more rooms within a building. In preferred exemplary embodiments, the door is not an elevator door. The door is particularly preferably not an elevator shaft door and not an elevator car door. In exemplary embodiments, the door can be a vehicle door, in particular a car door. In other embodiments, the door is not a vehicle door. Unlocking a door or a door lock or a door lock means that in the sense of the present invention Undo a security of the door against the opening of the door understood by an unauthorized person, whereby to secure the door against an opening of the door by an unauthorized person, for example, a bolt and / or a latch and / or a locking tongue and / or a hook and / or a other locking element to prevent pivoting or sliding or rotating or any other movement of the door, in particular manually by the unauthorized person, can be present in an open position by mechanical interlocking. As an alternative or in addition to securing by mechanical interlocking, the securing can be based on locking the door by means of a holding force, in particular magnetic force. The term “unlock” in the sense of the invention also includes the removal of such a securing by means of a holding force. According to the invention, the system can be coupled, for example, to a gate, in particular in order to automatically open and / or unlock the gate by means of the system, as described here in connection with a door.

In exemplary embodiments of the system, it can be an automatic access control system in which a door is only unlocked or only opened automatically if the user has the authorization to access, wherein data which prove the access authorization about the connection from the first communication unit can be transmitted to the second communication unit. Alternatively or additionally, the system can be a guidance system for guiding a person in a building or site.

• Figur 1 - ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Systems,
• Figur 2 - ein Ablaufdiagramm eines Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gemäß dem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung,
• Figuren 3a bis c - Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gemäß dem zweiten Aspekt der Erfindung,
• Figur 4 - eine detailliertere schematische Ansicht von Kommunikationseinheiten gemäß des beispielhaften erfindungsgemäßen Systems veranschaulicht in Figur 1,
• Figur 5 - ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Systems,
• Figur 6 - noch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Systems.

Further features or exemplary embodiments of the method according to the invention and the system according to the invention result from the subclaims and the following description and the figures of the drawing. The figures show:

• Figure 1 an embodiment of a system according to the invention,
• Figure 2 a flowchart of an embodiment of the method according to the invention in accordance with the first aspect of the invention,
• Figures 3a to c Exemplary embodiments of the method according to the invention in accordance with the second aspect of the invention,
• Figure 4 - A more detailed schematic view of communication units according to the exemplary system according to the invention illustrated in Figure 1 ,
• Figure 5 a further embodiment of a system according to the invention,
• Figure 6 - yet another embodiment of a system according to the invention.

Embodiments of the system according to the invention are systems for automatic access control. An example of such a system 10 with a first communication unit KE1 and a second communication unit KE2 is shown in FIG Figure 1 illustrated. Examples of the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2 are shown in FIG Figure 4 illustrated. The exemplary system 10 has a first communication unit KE1 which is carried by the user B of the system. The first communication unit KE1 can in particular be a smartphone, tablet, smartwatch, glasses, bracelet, portable media player or another portable device. On the first communication unit KE1 there is an application (A) also called app, installed and running. The first communication unit KE1 can be, for example, an iOS device or a watchOS device or an Android device or an Android Wear or Wear OS device. Application A can be an iOS app, a watchOS app or an Android app or an Android Wear or Wear OS app. An identifier is preferably stored on the first communication unit KE1, which proves an access authorization of the user B.

The system 10 also has a second communication unit KE2, which is connected to the in FIG Figure 1 illustrated door 11 is installed stationary. The second communication unit KE2 can, for example, be connected to a drive device for unlocking a lock of the door 11 and / or to a drive device for automatically opening the door 11.

The first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2 are preferably set up to communicate with one another by means of the Bluetooth technology, in particular the Bluetooth Low Energy technology. Communication is understood to mean sending out data by a communication unit KE1, KE2 and receiving the data by another communication unit KE1, KE2.

The first communication unit KE1 and / or the second communication unit KE2 are preferably set up to send out radio signals FS according to the Bluetooth Low Energy technology. These display radio signals FS are called advertisements. Peripheral and Central are certain roles in BLE technology. The communication unit KE1, KE2, which transmits Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) addisements FS, works in the peripheral role. The communication unit, which according to BLE advertisements sent in the environment scans to receive them, works as Central. The first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2 are preferably set up to work both as a peripheral P and as a central C (see FIG. Fig. 4 ).

In Figure 1 a radio area FB is illustrated around the second communication unit KE2. If the first communication unit KE1 is within the radio range FB, the first communication unit KE1 can receive radio signals FS, in particular BLE advertisements, from the second communication unit KE2 and / or the second communication unit KE2 can receive radio signals FS1, in particular BLE advertisements, from the first communication unit KE1 , receive and / or a connection, in particular a connection according to Bluetooth Low Energy technology, can be established and / or maintained between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2. The range of the radio signals, which determines the size of the radio area, can be, for example, a maximum of 50 meters, in particular a maximum of 10 meters.

A short range NB is defined within the radio area FB around the second communication unit KE2. When the user enters the near area NB on the second communication unit KE2, this can be determined, for example, by radio signal strength measurement. If entry is determined, the system 10 can trigger a specific action, for example.

In a first embodiment of the system 10 according to the invention, the system 10 is set up to use an exemplary method 100 according to the invention as described in Figure 2 is illustrated to perform. The first communication unit KE1 carried by the user B sends out display radio signals FS, preferably BLE advertisements (Step 101) while application A is in the background and executes program code, or while application A is in the background and does not execute program code, or while application A is in a state in which application A has not started or ended. The application A can in particular be in a terminated state (not running), in which the application A arrives when it has been started by the user and then has been ended not by the user but by the operating system in order to save electricity. Application A can in particular be an iOS application and accordingly have the status background, suspended or not running. Or application A can, for example, be an Android application or a watchOS application or an Android Wear or Wear OS application and be in the corresponding status. In particular, App A does not run in the foreground. User input is currently not required. When the first communication unit KE1 sends out BLE advertisements, it works as a peripheral. The first communication unit KE1 is preferably set up to work in parallel or quasi-parallel as a central and to scan for BLE advertisements.

The display radio signals, in particular BLE advertisements, preferably contain no identifier for identifying user B and / or the first communication unit KE1 and / or no data about a destination of user B.

The user B comes so close with the first communication unit KE1 to the second communication unit KE2 that the first communication unit KE1 is in the radio area FB of the second communication unit KE2. As a result, the second communication unit KE2 can display radio signal FS, in particular BLE advertisement, sent out by the first communication unit KE1. The second communication unit KE2 is set up to scan for display radio signals FS, in particular BLE advertisements, in order to receive them. The second communication unit KE2 consequently works as a central when it scans for BLE advertisements. The display radio signal FS is received by the second communication unit KE2 (step 102). In some embodiments of the first communication unit KE1, the display radio signal FS which the first communication unit KE1 emits - for example on account of the operating system running on the first communication unit KE1 - may not contain any identifier which indicates the access authorization of the user due to the status of the app A. B displays. The display radio signal FS can, however, contain an indicator that allows the second communication unit KE2 to recognize whether the first communication unit KE1 is a device whose user B could have access authorization in order to make a preselection for the next step . For example, the indicator can be an indication of the operating system running on the first communication unit KE1.

If the app A is in the background (background or suspended) or is ended (not running), in particular if the app A is not executing program code in the background or has ended, the first communication unit KE1 can preferably nevertheless send out radio signals FS. The operating system OS of the first communication unit KE1 can do this. The app A can instruct the operating system OS, for example, before the app A is terminated by the operating system for energy-saving purposes.

If necessary, provided that the second communication unit KE2 has determined that it If the first communication unit KE1 is a device whose user B could have access authorization, the second communication unit KE2 tries to establish a connection, in particular a Bluetooth low energy connection, to the first communication unit KE1. Since the app A on the first communication unit KE1 is in the background or is in a state in which the app A arrives when it has been started by user B and then ended by user OS and not by user B in order to save electricity , the connection is established automatically (step 103). If the app A is not in the status in which the app A executes program code in the background, but rather in the status (not running) in which the app A arrives when it is started by user B and then not by user B , but has been terminated by the operating system OS to save power, or if the app A is in the status in which the app A is in the background but does not execute any program code (suspending), the app A is preferably used to establish the connection in the state in which the app is in the background and executes program code in order to establish a connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2 for data exchange by means of the app A.

Data is transmitted from the first communication unit KE1 to the second communication unit KE2 via the connection (step 104). The data can be transmitted in particular by querying the Bluetooth low energy values, in particular characteristics, which have been stored by the app in the Bluetooth stack of the first communication unit KE1, the characteristics being actively queried by the second communication unit KE2. For user B, a push message on a display (not shown) of the first communication unit KE1 be issued. This can also be made dependent on whether the user B has entered the near area NB around the second communication unit KE2.

On the basis of the transmitted data, the second communication unit KE2 can now determine whether the user B has access authorization for the area separated from the door 11. If this is the case, the actuation of the drive device (not shown) for opening the door 11 can be made dependent on the user B entering the near area NB on the second communication unit KE2 or on the door 11, the entry being performed via radio signal strength measurement between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2 can be determined. The door 11 is preferably opened automatically. In particular, a user input is after the user B has approached the second communication unit KE2 with the first communication unit KE1 up to a distance, so that the second communication unit KE2 can receive Bluetooth advertisements from the first communication unit KE1, up to and including opening the door 11 no user input is required. In particular, the app A does not have to run in the foreground mode. In a modification of the method, the user can be given the opportunity to decide whether the door 11 should be opened and to enter this in the first communication unit KE1, for which the app A can be moved to the foreground.

Like the arrow in Figure 2 illustrated, after establishing the connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2, in particular automatically, the first communication unit KE1 can be prompted to send out BLE advertisements FS again in order to use a further second Communication units KE2 '(see Figure 5 ) to be connected. For this purpose, the connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2 may have to be ended beforehand or the connection has to be interrupted or ended by removing the first communication unit KE1 from the radio area (step 105, disconnection). The retransmission can be initiated without user input, especially if the app A works in the background.

As an alternative or in addition, the exemplary system 10 according to the invention according to Figure 1 to be set up according to an exemplary method 200 Figure 3a , 3b and / or a method 200 'according to Figure 3a , 3c to execute.

According to the flow chart shown in Figure 3a , the second communication unit KE2 sends out radio signals FS (step 201). The display radio signals FS can in particular be BLE advertisements, so that the second communication unit KE2 works as a peripheral. The display radio signals FS can contain a defined identifier of the second communication unit KE2. The identifier, in particular a UUID, can in particular be specified by the provider of the system 10. The identifier can in particular be a UUID according to Bluetooth Low Energy technology. The UUID can have a length of 128 bits, for example. The interval after which a display radio signal is sent again is preferably configurable.

A transmitted radio signal FS is received by the first communication unit KE1 (step 202), while the application A is not running in the foreground mode. The application A can be executing program code in the background (background status) or in the background and not executing a program code (suspended status) or in the status in which the application A arrives when it has been started by user B and then ended not by user B but by the operating system OS in order to save electricity (not running status). If the app A has been terminated by the operating system OS for energy-saving purposes, the operating system OS takes over the function of the app A for display radio signals FS, in particular for display radio signals FS, with the specified identifier. In particular, the operating system OS of the first communication unit KE1 may have been informed by the app A which fixed identifier, in particular UUID, it should look for in the environment. The first communication unit KE1 is preferably in the role of the central C in the sense of BLE technology, which scans for BLE advertisements FS, in particular for advertisements FS with the specified identifier. The first communication unit KE1 is preferably set up to work in parallel or quasi-parallel as a peripheral P and to send out BLE advertisements.

When the user B comes into the radio area FB with the first communication unit KE1, the first communication unit KE1 can receive the display radio signal FS. If a specified identifier is sent with the display radio signal FS and received by the first communication unit KE1, the specified identifier can then be evaluated as to whether a connection to the second communication unit is to be established (step 203).

When the display radio signal FS has been received and a connection to the second communication unit KE2 is to be established and the app A is not yet in the background, but is in the state in which the application A arrives when it is started by user B and then not by the user B, but has been terminated by the operating system OS to save power, this is used by the operating system moves the background status (step 204). The first communication unit KE1 can then, triggered by the app A, for example output a message to the user B, in particular a push message. This can also be made dependent on whether the user B has entered the near area NB around the second communication unit KE2.

The app A can now check whether, in particular on the first communication unit KE1, for example via the app A, data are stored which are to be automatically transmitted to the second communication unit KE2. Alternatively or additionally, the app A can determine whether a connection should be established between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2 with or, automatically, without user input (step 205).

If data is stored in particular on the first communication unit KE1 for automatic transmission to the second communication unit KE2, a connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2 is automatically made without user input while the app A is in the background (see Fig. 3b ) is established (step 206).

Data is transmitted to the second communication unit KE2 via the connection (step 207). For example, an identifier can be transmitted to the second communication unit KE2 via the connection, the identifier indicating the access authorization of the user B, and / or a command can be transmitted to open the door 11. All this happens preferably while the app A is in the background mode, without the intervention of the user B.

Preferably, as in Fig. 3b illustrates after the data transmission the connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2 are ended (step 208). This can be done by the first communication unit KE1. Alternatively, this can be done by removing the first communication unit KE1 from the radio area FB of the second communication unit KE2, so that the connection cannot be maintained.

After the connection has ended, the first communication unit KE1 can automatically change roles and work as a peripheral P in the sense of Bluetooth Low Energy technology, so that the first communication unit KE1 sends out BLE advertisements FS (step 209). The first communication unit KE1 can then, in particular with a further second communication unit KE2 ', establish a connection, as in connection with Figure 2 described. The first communication unit is preferably working in parallel or quasi-parallel to working as a peripheral P and also as a central C in order to scan for BLE advertisements FS.

According to method 200 Fig. 3a found that a user input is required and / or the automatic connection is not set and / or no data for automatic transmission is stored, no connection is initially established.

A push message can be output to user B via his first communication unit KE1 (step 205a) in order to induce user B to move app A to the foreground.

If the user B opens the app A and thus the app A leaves the background mode or the app A is switched to the foreground status (step 206 '), the first communication unit KE1 can establish a connection to the second communication unit KE2 (step 207') . The first communication unit KE1 preferably works as a central C and the second communication unit KE2 as a peripheral P.

Via the connection, at least data can now be transmitted from the first communication unit KE1 to the second communication unit KE2, but preferably also from the second communication unit KE2 to the first communication unit KE1. For example, an identifier for documenting the access authorization of user B can be transmitted from the first communication unit KE1 to the second communication unit KE2 (step 208 '). The user B can be shown an option such as "open door" or "release door lock" on the first communication unit KE1. If the user B enters this command in the first communication unit KE1, the command can be transmitted to the second communication unit KE2 (step 208 '), so that this causes the drive unit to open the door 11 or to release the door lock.

The connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2 can now be ended (step 209 '). This can in particular be done actively by the second communication unit KE2 and / or the first communication unit KE1. Alternatively, this can be done, for example, in that the first communication unit KE1 from the second Communication unit KE2 is removed in such a way that the connection can no longer be maintained.

After the connection has ended, the first communication unit KE1 can change roles, preferably automatically, without user input, and can work as a peripheral P in the sense of Bluetooth low energy technology, so that the first communication unit KE1 sends out BLE advertisements FS (step 210 '). The first communication unit KE1 can, in particular with a further second communication unit KE2 'on the basis of a method as in connection with Figure 2 described, enter into a connection. The first communication unit preferably works in parallel or quasi-parallel to working as a peripheral P and also as a central C in order to scan for BLE advertisements FS.

In exemplary embodiments of the system 10 or the methods 100, 200, 200 ', the door 11 can be opened at any time by hand. In these exemplary embodiments, the lock of the door 11 is not unlocked, but the door 11 is driven by a drive device based on the data transmission of a command "open door" in order to automatically open the door 11. This function can only be available for certain users, which the system 10 can recognize, for example, from the identifier that can be transmitted to the second communication unit KE2 via the connection. In other exemplary embodiments, the door 11 is automatically unlocked when the user proves the access authorization via the data transmission, and the door 11 can be opened automatically. In still further exemplary embodiments, the door 11 cannot be opened by hand and the door 11 is opened automatically if the access authorization is verified. While exemplary embodiments are preferred which do not have user input into the first communication device KE1 If the first communication unit KE1 is in the radio area FB of the second communication unit KE2, in other exemplary embodiments the user B can be requested to enter a password or code into the first communication unit KE1 or a fingerprint scan.

Figure 4 shows an embodiment of the first communication unit KE1. The first communication unit has a processor unit PE and a radio module FM for transmitting and / or receiving radio signals. The processor unit PE processes the commands of the operating system OS or the app A. The two blocks C and P in the app A illustrate the function of the first communication unit KE1 as a central C and as a peripheral P to work. The first communication unit KE1 is preferably set up to work in parallel or quasi-parallel as the peripheral P and as the central C. The radio module FM can, for example, have only one Bluetooth chip, so that it is not possible to transmit and receive at the same time. In order to work quasi-parallel, it is quickly switched between sending and receiving. The first communication unit KE1 can be used to carry out both the method according to and by means of the app A. Figure 2 , as well as a method according to Figure 3a-3c set up. As illustrated by the arrows between the block OS, which represents the operating system OS, and the radio module FM, the operating system OS can, by means of the app A, also cause the radio module FM to send out radio signals FS, in particular BLE advertisements FS, if the app A was terminated by the operating system OS to save energy, i.e. is neither in the background nor running in the foreground, or if the app A is in the background but does not execute any program code. In addition, the operating system OS, initiated by the app A, even if the app A was ended by the operating system OS to save energy or is in the background without Execute program code, scan for transmitted display radio signals FS, in particular BLE advertisements FS, in particular such display radio signals FS with a predetermined identifier (for example UUID). The specified identifier of the operating system OS can be specified by the app A in particular. The second communication unit KE2 can, as in Figure 4 illustrated, structured as well and in particular can work both as Central C and as Peripheral P.

The connection that can be established first is preferably used. For example, the connection is established by the second communication unit KE2 as the central C to the first communication unit KE1 as the peripheral P if it can be established first. Or the connection is established by the first communication unit KE1 as central C to the second communication unit KE2 as peripheral P if this can be established first. In a modification, if the first communication unit KE1 receives a display radio signal FS from the second communication unit KE2 due to the scanning for display radio signals FS, before the second communication unit KE2 receives a display radio signal FS from the first communication unit KE1 based on the scanning for display radio signals FS Connection established by the first communication unit KE1 used as Central C (see example Figures 3a to 3c ). If the second communication unit KE2 receives the display radio signal FS from the first communication unit KE1 beforehand, the connection is established by the second communication unit KE2 as the central C (see example) Figure 2 ). In this way, a connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2 can be established quickly, even if the application A on the first communication unit KE1 is in the background and does not execute any program code or is in the status in which the application A arrives if it was started by user B and then ended not by user B but by the operating system OS To save electricity, and the operating system OS of the first communication unit KE1 takes over the scanning for display radio signals FS, in particular the attention to display radio signals FS with the identifier defined by the provider of the system 10, and the transmission of display radio signals FS.

In Figure 5 an office building or apartment building 12 is illustrated. The office building or apartment building 12 has a building door or front door 13. In addition, the office building or the apartment building 12 has a department or office door or an apartment door 14. The office building or multiple dwelling 12 (hereinafter also referred to as a building) has at least two second communication units KE2, KE2 '. A second communication unit KE2 is assigned to the building or front door 13. Another second communication unit KE2 'is assigned to the office or department door or apartment door 14. The connection establishment between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2, which is assigned to the building or front door 13, can be as in connection with Figure 1 , Figure 2 and or Figure 3a-3c described. Likewise, a connection can be established between the first communication unit KE1 and the further communication unit KE2 'as in connection with Figure 1 , Figure 2 and or Figure 3a-3c described. When a connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2 assigned to the building or front door 13 has ended, the first communication unit KE1 can send out radio signals FS, in particular BLE advertisements. This is according to the flowcharts Figure 2 in step 101, in which Flow diagram according to Figure 3b in step 209 and in the flow diagram according to Figure 3c illustrated in step 210 '. If the first communication unit KE1 or the user B with the first communication unit KE1 has approached the further communication unit KE2 'in such a way that the further communication unit KE2' can receive the radio signal FS from the first communication unit KE1, the first communication unit KE1 and the another second communication unit KE2 'a connection according to a method 100, as in connection with Figure 2 illustrated, manufactured. The further second communication unit KE2 ', like the second communication unit KE2, can be set up to work as a central C and as a peripheral P or to work only as a central C.

In Figure 6 Another exemplary system 10 for an office building 12 is shown. The office building has two offices 15 and 15 '. The office 15 has two rooms 16 and 17. User B has access authorization for the office building and for the office 15, but for example not for the office 15 '. User B carries along a first communication unit KE1. A second communication unit KE2 is installed in a stationary manner on the building door 13. A further second communication unit KE2 'is installed in a stationary manner on the office door 14 to the office 15. A further second communication unit KE2 "is installed in a fixed position on the room 16. The second communication unit KE2, the further second communication unit KE2 'and the still further second communication unit KE2" can have loudspeakers or with loudspeakers on the corresponding doors 13, 14, 14' be coupled. The radio areas FB and the short-range areas NB of the second communication unit are shown by dashed lines another second communication unit KE2 'and the still further second communication unit KE2 ".

The building door 13 can be automatically unlocked and / or opened automatically by establishing a connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2, which is assigned to the building door 13. The connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2 and the data transmission to the second communication unit KE2 can be carried out by means of a method according to the first aspect of the invention, for example in connection with Figure 2 explained, or by means of a method according to the second aspect of the invention, for example in connection with Figures 3a , 3b or 3a , 3c explained. Before the connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2, the second communication unit KE2 can send out, in particular, display radio signals, for example BLE advertisements, and operate accordingly as a peripheral, while the first communication unit KE1 works as a central unit and according to the display radio signals, in particular those with a defined identifier , scans. As an alternative or in addition, the first communication unit KE1 can send out radio signals, for example BLE advertisements, before the connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2 and work accordingly as a peripheral, while the second communication unit KE2 works as a central and scans for radio signals.

Under the condition that the user B enters the radio area FB of the second communication unit KE2 or under the condition that the user B has entered the near area NB on the second communication unit KE2 and / or under the condition that the second communication unit KE2 has the access authorization of the User B in the office building 12 was detected by data transmission, and / or provided that the door 13 was automatically unlocked and / or, in particular automatically, opened, the further second communication unit KE2 'can be prompted to issue a control signal, in particular a acoustic guidance signal to be output via the loudspeaker which is arranged on the office door 14. When user B enters the building, the user can perceive the control signal, in particular acoustically, and therefore finds his way to the further second communication unit KE2 ', which is assigned to the office door 14 and is installed on it.

When the user B enters the radio range of the further second communication unit KE2 ', the first communication unit KE1 carried by the user B can work as a peripheral P and / or as a central C. The connection to the further second communication unit KE2 'can take place as described above. The connection to the further second communication unit KE2 'can consequently, for example, as in the method 100 according to Figure 2 shown and / or as in the method 200, 200 'as in connection with the Figures 3a 3b and / or 3a and 3c. Provided that the user enters the radio area FB of the further second communication unit KE2 'or the near area NB of the further second communication unit KE2', the signaling can be interrupted and ended by the further second communication unit KE2 '.

Provided that the user B enters the near area NB of the further second communication unit KE2 'or the door 14 is opened, in particular automatically, and / or, in particular automatically, is unlocked, the still further second communication unit KE2 ", in particular are caused by the further second communication unit KE2 'to output a control signal, in particular an acoustic control signal, to the user B, in particular via the loudspeaker of the still further second communication unit KE2 ". If the user B with his first communication unit KE1 is in the radio range FB of the still further second communication unit KE2 "occurs, the first communication unit KE1 can work as a peripheral P and output radio signals FS and / or the first communication unit KE1 can work as a central C and scan for radio signals FS. The connection establishment and data transmission can be carried out according to the method 100, as in connection with Figure 2 described, take place or can according to the method 200 or the method 200 ', such as in connection with the Figures 3a and 3b and the Figures 3a and 3c described. When the user B enters the near area NB on the still further second communication unit KE2 ", the signal delivery can be ended or interrupted by the still further second communication unit KE2". The door 14 'can be automatically unlocked and / or based on the data exchange between the first communication unit KE1 and the still further second communication unit KE2 "and, for example, on the condition that the user has entered the near area NB on the still further second communication unit KE2" be opened so that user B can enter room 16 for which he has access authorization.

The system 10 is particularly suitable for the visually impaired, especially for the blind, since the user B can be guided acoustically. Due to the connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the second communication unit KE2, the second communication unit KE2 can be informed, for example, of the destination, here office 15 and / or room 16. The other second Communication unit KE2 'can be communicated via the connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the further second communication unit KE2', for example the destination of the user (here the room 16), so that the further second communication unit KE2 ', the second room assigned to this room 16 Communication unit KE2 "to issue the control signal. If the user B wanted to go to the office 17 instead, the further second communication unit KE2" could be informed about the connection between the first communication unit KE1 and the further second communication unit KE2 ', so that this instead, another yet further communication unit KE2 ", which is arranged on the room door to room 17, causes a guidance signal to be emitted. While the system 10 is connected to FIG Figure 6 As a control system and system for automatic access control, embodiments of the system 10 also cannot have a function for automatic door opening and / or unlocking (in such a system the second communication units KE2, KE2 ', KE2 "do not have to be arranged on or near doors but can also be arranged elsewhere in or on the building or in a site) and / or have no control function (in such a system the loudspeakers or other devices for acoustic signaling can be dispensed with).

The system 10 can be implemented using a method according to the first aspect of the invention, as exemplified in connection with Figure 2 and / or with a method according to the second aspect of the invention, as exemplified above in connection with Figures 3a , 3b described, work without a user input into the first communication unit KE1 from including entering the radio area FB of the second communication unit KE2, which is assigned to the building door 13, up to and including the automatic opening and / or automatic unlocking of the room door 14 'is sufficient. The system 10 already works in that the user B comes close to the second communication unit KE2, the further second communication unit KE2 'and the still further second communication unit KE2 ", so that the user B with his first communication unit KE1 carried in the radio area FB corresponding second communication unit KE2, the further second communication unit KE2 'or the still further second communication unit KE2 "and the corresponding connections are established while the app can be in the background. It is not necessary to run the app in the foreground. A smartphone as the first communication unit KE1 can remain in the pocket of the user B, for example.

Methods (100, 200, 200 ') and a system (10) set up for executing at least one of the methods are disclosed, the methods (100, 200, 200') being used to establish a connection between a first communication unit (KE1) and a second communication unit (KE2) is produced. The first communication unit (KE1) and the second communication unit (KE2) preferably work with Bluetooth low-energy technology. In the method (100) according to a first aspect of the invention, the first communication unit (KE1) carried by the user (B) sends at least to initiate the establishment of a connection between the first communication unit (KE1) and the second communication unit (KE2) a display radio signal (FS). Accordingly, the first communication unit (KE1) preferably initially works as a peripheral (P) and sends out Bluetooth advertisements (FS) to initiate a connection. In a method (200, 200 ') according to a second aspect of the invention, the second one transmits Communication unit (KE2), which is preferably installed stationary or is set up and intended to be installed stationary, to initiate a connection between the first communication unit (KE1) and the second communication unit (KE2) from at least one display radio signal. Accordingly, the second communication unit (KE1) preferably initially works as a peripheral (P) and sends out Bluetooth advertisements (FS) to initiate a connection. Reference symbol list: 10th system 11 door 12th Office building / apartment building 13 Building door / front door 14 Apartment or office or department door B user KE1 First communication unit KE2 Second communication unit KE2 ' Second communication unit FS Display radio signal FB Radio range NB Close range PE Processor unit FM Radio module C. Central P Peripheral OS operating system A Application 100 Procedure 101 step 102 step 103 step 104 step 105 step 202.202 ' Procedure 201 step 202 step 203 step 204 step 205 step 205a step 206 step 207 step 208 step 209 step 206 ' step 207 ' step 208 ' step 209 ' step 210 ' step

Claims (8)

Method (100) for transmitting data between a first communication unit (KE1) carried by a user (B) and a second communication unit (KE2), an application (A) for transmitting data between the first and the first communication unit (KE1) Communication unit (KE1) and the second communication unit (KE2) is executable, with the steps: - sending (101) a display radio signal (FS) by the first communication unit (KE1) while the application (A) is not running in the foreground on the first communication unit (KE1), Receiving (102) the transmitted radio signal by the second communication unit (KE2), - on receiving the radio signal (FS), establishing (103) a connection between the first communication unit (KE1) and the second communication unit (KE2), - Transmission (104) of data from the first communication unit (KE1) to the second communication unit (KE2) and / or from the second communication unit (KE2) to the first communication unit (KE1). Method (200, 200 ') for transmitting data between a first communication unit (KE1) carried by a user (B) and a second communication unit (KE2), an application (A) for transmitting data on the first communication unit (KE1) between the first communication unit (KE1) and the second Communication unit (KE2) is executable with the steps: - sending a display radio signal (FS) through the second communication unit (KE2), Receiving the transmitted radio signal (FS) by the first communication unit (KE1) while the application on the first communication unit (KE1) is not running in the foreground, - if necessary, moving (204) the application (A) to the background or to the foreground, - Establishing a connection between the first communication unit (KE1) and the second communication unit (KE2), - Transmission of data from the first communication unit (KE1) to the second communication unit (KE2) and / or from the second communication unit (KE2) to the first communication unit (KE1). Method (200) according to Claim 2, the connection being established automatically on the condition that the user (B) has predetermined certain data to be transmitted in advance, and the specific data being communicated to the second communication unit (KE2) via the connection, while the application (A) remains in the background. Method (200 ') according to Claim 2, the application (A) being brought to the foreground, a connection being established between the first communication unit (KE1) and the second communication unit (KE2), the user entering data into the first communication unit (KE1) is made possible, the input data from the first communication unit (KE1) are transmitted to the second communication unit (KE2). Method (100, 200, 200 ') according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first communication unit (KE1) transmits radio signals (FS) after the connection has been disconnected. System (10) with a first communication unit (KE1) and a second communication unit (KE2), which are set up to carry out a method (100) according to claim 1 and / or a method (200, 200 ') according to one of claims 2 to 5 . System (10) according to claim 6, wherein the second communication unit (KE2) is coupled to at least one drive device in order to cause the drive device to drive on the transmitted data and / or wherein the second communication unit (KE2) is coupled to a signal output device in order to to cause the signal delivery device to deliver a signal to the transmitted data. System (10) according to one of claims 6 to 7, wherein the system (10) is an automatic access control system and / or a system for automatically opening a door (11, 13, 14).

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