EP3683373B1 - Verwendung von porösen baustoffen zur schallabsorption - Google Patents

Verwendung von porösen baustoffen zur schallabsorption Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3683373B1
EP3683373B1 EP19152584.9A EP19152584A EP3683373B1 EP 3683373 B1 EP3683373 B1 EP 3683373B1 EP 19152584 A EP19152584 A EP 19152584A EP 3683373 B1 EP3683373 B1 EP 3683373B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
acoustic
coating
porous
structure according
fibre
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19152584.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3683373A1 (de
Inventor
Tuomas HÄNNINEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LUMIR Oy
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Lumir Oy
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Priority to EP19152584.9A priority Critical patent/EP3683373B1/de
Priority to ES19152584T priority patent/ES2928433T3/es
Publication of EP3683373A1 publication Critical patent/EP3683373A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improved acoustic structures and natural fibrous acoustic coatings on porous building materials.
  • the acoustic elements and surfaces are structures that remain in sight, their architectural image should also be suitable for their environment and the other surfaces of the space. The thickness of the panel or surface should remain within reasonable limits, which, on the other hand, is inconsistent with the high requirement of sound absorption.
  • the acoustic elements or surfaces should also fulfil the criteria of purity which is set for the surface materials of interiors, and they should also have mechanical and physical properties that are suitable for their environment of use.
  • the requirement of considering environmental aspects, to an increasing extent also applies to the acoustic surfaces and elements with respect to the manufacture and recyclability of the materials, for example.
  • acoustic elements include mineral wool-based (fibreglass or rock wool-based) acoustic panels. On the sides of these which remain in sight, the surface of the mineral wool is coated, for example, with paper, plastic, fabric or glass fleece. Being relatively light components, these acoustic elements, which are based on insulating wool panels, are simple to install, for example, on the ceiling or walls of the space that is to be provided with sound absorption, either as separate elements or as an unbroken surface. They can also be formed into acoustic planes that are lowered down from the ceiling, for example.
  • various fibre-based coating compounds are also known, which are sprayed or applied in another way and which provide a mechanical surface structure that is more elastic and durable than glass and rock-based coatings, and which can also contribute to the acoustics of the premises.
  • the specifications FI 95041 and WO 2007/063178 disclose natural fibre-based coatings that are sprayed when mixed with water, or applied in a similar manner and hardened through drying.
  • the fibre of the coating compound of the specification FI 95041 comprises fine cellulose fibre.
  • the compound in addition to the fibre material and the binder, includes particle-like, typically mineral-based fillers, by means of which the surface of the coating becomes smooth and which can adjust the acoustic properties of the coating.
  • the fibre-based coatings are attached to the desired acoustic properties requiring surface by binders.
  • US 3,044,919 relates to a surfacing or facing construction particularly adaptable for application on wall and ceiling areas or surfaces and to a method or system of applying the surface of facing to an area, the surfacing or facing construction embodying a thin mat, layer or sheet of mineral material adapted to be adhesively joined to the surface or area to be finished.
  • the surfacing or facing construction embodying a thin mat, layer or sheet of mineral material adapted to be adhesively joined to the surface or area to be finished.
  • it does not disclose natural fibrous acoustic coatings on cinder block, nor especially fixing the coating to a desired surface without binders.
  • GB 358,995 relates to improvements in sound-absorbing materials adapted to be used in buildings, enclosures and the like. It discloses an acoustic composition having desirable sound-absorbing properties of various fibrous materials combined with the advantages with respect to durability and appearance of plastic or stone-like materials.
  • the composition comprises a layer of a resilient sound-absorbing material or fibre-board having a hard facing or protective layer of granular particles which has pores or openings leading into the sound-absorbing material.
  • the publication is however silent on natural fibrous acoustic coatings on cinder block, nor especially fixing the coating to a desired surface without binders.
  • Document RU2369495 C2 discloses an acoustic structure with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • an acoustic structure such as a wall, made of a porous background material and coated with a natural fibrous acoustic material.
  • an acoustic structure such as a wall, made of porous incompressible or load-bearing background structures and coated with a natural fibrous acoustic material, wherein the acoustic coating is attached to the surface of the background structure without using any binders.
  • the background structure neither needs to be felted before applying the acoustic coating.
  • the acoustic structure of the present invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the natural acoustic coating can be applied, for example by spraying, straight on to a surface of a wall made of e.g. cinder blocks without any ground work, yet providing a plain surface.
  • the natural fibrous acoustic coating according to the present invention is applicable to the surface of the wall material the without using any binders.
  • natural fibrous coatings are not harmful for consumers and they enable moisture vaporization from the below structures.
  • the present technology provides coatings on porous background structures that improves the acoustic properties of premises and reduces the drawbacks of the known solutions.
  • the present technology is particularly suitable for reducing reverberation in inner acoustics of premises.
  • One purpose of the invention is to provide an acoustic structure, which is formed by utilising a natural fibrous coating composition, which is particularly suitable for the purpose and which provides effective sound absorption, and from which no significant amounts of dust or other particles come off, even after drying.
  • the present invention is based on a combination of a porous background material and/or structure and a natural fibrous coating on at least one surface of the porous background material and/or structure.
  • One aspect of the present invention is a combination of a porous background structure and an acoustic coating, wherein the acoustic coating is made of natural fibrous matter and is applied on at least one surface of the porous background structure, and wherein the natural fibrous matter forms a plain network on top of the holes in the surface of the porous background.
  • Porous background structure is intended to comprise all materials, where to holes have been made or formed during the production of such structure.
  • Porous background structure may therefore be for example a building material such as cinder block, or a perforated or micro-perforated structure consisting of for example wood or metal.
  • the acoustic structure can be for example an acoustic element, or a wall structure, or any other structure, which requires sound-proofing and is preferably made of a porous building material, such as a cinder block.
  • the natural fibrous matter is plant or plant-based fibre, such as cellulose, flax, cotton or hemp fibre, or animal-based fibre, such as silk or wool-based fibre, or a mixture of such fibres.
  • the acoustic coating comprises the natural fibrous matter 20-100% of the dry-matter mass of the acoustic coating.
  • the coating has a thickness between 1 to 30 mm, preferably between 3 to 10 mm.
  • the acoustic coating further comprises 0-80% of mineral filler from its dry matter mass, preferably mineral silicate, mineral sulphate or mineral carbonate, most preferably kaolin.
  • the coating comprises a fire retardant and an anti-rot agent, selected from a group of boron-based substances, such as boric acid or borax or a mixture thereof, hydroxides, such as aluminium or magnesium hydroxide or a mixture thereof, or absorbing agents, such as talc or calcium carbonate or a mixture thereof, most preferably boric acid or borax, particularly a mixture thereof, in an amount of 8-25% by weight of the dry matter at the most.
  • an anti-rot agent selected from a group of boron-based substances, such as boric acid or borax or a mixture thereof, hydroxides, such as aluminium or magnesium hydroxide or a mixture thereof, or absorbing agents, such as talc or calcium carbonate or a mixture thereof, most preferably boric acid or borax, particularly a mixture thereof, in an amount of 8-25% by weight of the dry matter at the most.
  • the structure below the acoustic coating such as a cinder block, has a density of 300 to 2200 kg/m 3 and a pore size preferably of 1 to 16 mm.
  • the thickness of the structure varies based on the used building material, but should be at least 2 mm, more preferably at least 5 mm.
  • the porous background structure underneath the natural fibrous acoustic coating is incompressible.
  • the porous background structure is a load-bearing structure.
  • the background structure underneath the natural fibrous acoustic coating is a perforated or micro-perforated structure, which alone without the coating provides very poor acoustic properties.
  • the background structure may be any other kind of porous or perforated structure having holes, on top of which the natural fibrous coating matter forms a plain network.
  • the acoustic coating does not contain any binders for binding into the surface of the porous background.
  • This embodiment is achieved by the network of the natural fibrous matter formed on top of the holes in the porous background.
  • Porous acoustic coating can thus be prepared without binders by utilizing particles of different size scales, for example by combining cellulosic fibres with micro-fibrillated or nano-fibrillated cellulose.
  • One aspect of the present invention is that because of the fibre network on top of the holes in the surface of the porous background, the surface can be made plain.
  • porous background structure does not need to be felted before applying the acoustic coating, which reduces the process steps and costs as well as provides easier yet effective acoustic solutions.
  • the present invention also provides material savings for example in binder and seaming materials.
  • the present invention is applicable to for example walls and other kinds of structures comprising porous or perforated background structures in for example buildings, providing acoustic solutions mainly to the inner acoustic needs of the space formed by such structures.
  • Coating was be prepared by dissolving or dispersing additives, such as binders, thickeners and fire retardants, into a solvent and dispersing the fibres by mechanical mixing to form a suspension.
  • the coating was applied onto the surface of the cinder block by spraying an approximately 6 mm thick layer using specially designed pumping and spraying equipment. The coating was then dried in ambient conditions. Absorption coefficient of the coating, cinder block and coated cinder block ( Figure 3 ) were measured by using a reverberation chamber built in a shipping container (6 m ⁇ 2.4 m ⁇ 2.4 m) using ISO 354:2003 "Acoustics.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Akustische Struktur, umfassend eine Kombination aus einer porösen Untergrundstruktur und einem akustischen Belag, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der akustische Belag aus natürlichem Faserstoff hergestellt ist, der keine Bindemittel enthält und durch Aufsprühen auf mindestens eine Oberfläche der porösen nicht gefilzten Untergrundstruktur aufgetragen wird, wobei der natürliche Faserstoff ein Fasernetz auf Löchern in der Oberfläche der porösen Untergrundstruktur bildet, sodass die Oberfläche geebnet werden kann.
  2. Akustische Struktur nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der natürliche Faserstoff pflanzliche oder auf Pflanzen basierende Faser, wie Zellulose-, Flachs-, Baumwoll- oder Hanffaser, oder Faser auf tierischer Basis, wie Faser auf Seide- oder Wollbasis, oder ein Gemisch solcher Fasern ist.
  3. Akustische Struktur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der akustische Belag eine Dicke von 1 bis 30 mm, vorzugsweise von 3 bis 10 mm aufweist.
  4. Akustische Struktur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie weiter 0-80% Mineralfüllstoff ihrer Trockenmasse umfasst, vorzugsweise Mineralsilicat, Mineralsulphat oder Mineralcarbonat, am bevorzugtesten Kaolin.
  5. Akustische Struktur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der akustische Belag weiter ein Flammschutzmittel und ein Antifäulnismittel umfasst, ausgewählt aus einer Gruppe von Substanzen auf Borbasis, wie Borsäure oder Borax oder ein Gemisch davon, Hydroxiden, wie Aluminium- oder Magnesiumhydroxid oder ein Gemisch davon, oder Absorptionsmitteln, wie Talk oder Kalziumcarbonat oder ein Gemisch davon, am bevorzugtesten Borsäure oder Borax, insbesondere ein Gemisch davon, in einer Menge von höchstens 8-25 Gewichtsprozent der Trockensubstanz.
  6. Akustische Struktur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der akustische Belag Partikel unterschiedlicher Größenskalen umfasst, wie eine Kombination aus Cellulosefasern mit mikrofibrillierter oder nanofibrillierter Cellulose.
  7. Akustische Struktur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die poröse Untergrundstruktur eine Dichte von 300 bis 2200 kg/m3 und eine Dicke von mindestens 2 mm, vorzugsweise mindestens 5 mm aufweist.
  8. Akustische Struktur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die poröse Untergrundstruktur vorzugsweise eine Porengröße von 1 bis 16 mm aufweist.
  9. Akustische Struktur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die poröse Untergrundstruktur zum Beispiel ein Schlackenbetonblock oder eine perforierte oder mikroperforierte Struktur ist, die zum Beispiel aus Holz oder Metall besteht.
EP19152584.9A 2019-01-18 2019-01-18 Verwendung von porösen baustoffen zur schallabsorption Active EP3683373B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19152584.9A EP3683373B1 (de) 2019-01-18 2019-01-18 Verwendung von porösen baustoffen zur schallabsorption
ES19152584T ES2928433T3 (es) 2019-01-18 2019-01-18 Utilización de materiales de construcción porosos en absorción del sonido

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19152584.9A EP3683373B1 (de) 2019-01-18 2019-01-18 Verwendung von porösen baustoffen zur schallabsorption

Publications (2)

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EP3683373A1 EP3683373A1 (de) 2020-07-22
EP3683373B1 true EP3683373B1 (de) 2022-07-13

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EP19152584.9A Active EP3683373B1 (de) 2019-01-18 2019-01-18 Verwendung von porösen baustoffen zur schallabsorption

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ES (1) ES2928433T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4015728A1 (de) * 2020-12-18 2022-06-22 Lumir Oy Sprühbare lärmschutzbeschichtung auf einer modularen struktur

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB358995A (en) 1929-06-11 1931-10-12 Johns Manville Improvements in or relating to sound-absorbing material
US3044919A (en) 1957-05-16 1962-07-17 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of applying facing material to a wall surface
FI95041C (fi) 1993-01-27 1995-12-11 Tampio Anna Liisa Pinnoiteseos ja menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi
FI20051243L (fi) 2005-12-02 2007-06-03 Esa Silfverhuth Pinnoitusseos ja menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi
RU2369495C2 (ru) * 2007-11-20 2009-10-10 Закрытое акционерное общество Научно-производственное предприятие "Тэкникал консалтинг" Шумоизоляционная обивка кузова автомобиля
RU2490150C1 (ru) * 2011-12-16 2013-08-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Тольяттинский государственный университет" Модифицированная слоистая акустическая структура обивки кузова автотранспортного средства

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EP3683373A1 (de) 2020-07-22
ES2928433T3 (es) 2022-11-17

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