EP3670121A1 - Cutting machine for strand-shaped material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for guiding the knife (3) on the cutting face (1a) of the guide tube (1) by means of magnetic force in order to bring the cutting gap as close as possible to zero. According to the invention, the knife is only subjected to the magnetic force towards the end of the cutting process of the disk (101), that is to say close to the exit side (2a) of the cutting edge (3a) from the guide tube cross section (1.1 ', 1.2').

Description

I. Field of application

The invention relates to cutting machines in which slices are to be cut from a strand-shaped or loaf-shaped material to be cut.

II. Technical background

The material to be cut is often guided in a guide tube, the portion of the material to be cut protruding from the end of the guide tube on the cutting side by a e.g. rotating knife is cut off directly on the cutting face of the guide tube as a disc.

At this point it should be clarified that this guide tube can also consist only of axially very short so-called cutting glasses, which partially or completely surround the end of the material to be cut, from which the disks are to be separated, and on the end face of which the knife moves. In the following, only one guide tube is spoken of throughout.

It should also be clarified that the present application also includes solutions in which a single knife from two or more loaves guided in adjacent guide tubes simultaneously cuts off one disk at a time, and / or solutions in which the guide tube Part of a guide tube turret rotatable about its central axis, around which a plurality of guide tubes are arranged.

The knife should always cut the material to be cut at the same, exactly defined axial distance, in particular the distance zero, from the end face of the guide tube, because this is the only way to produce disks with a defined thickness and thus also with a defined weight.

That e.g. Rotating knife is supported on the side of the guide tube by the guide tube itself, on the opposite side a support is required, which requires axial installation space - be it due to the correspondingly large thickness of the knife itself or an additional support device there - but disadvantageous, because it does so Penetration of the knife into the material to be cut is made more difficult.

Theoretically, an optimally thin knife would be the best solution since it is the easiest to penetrate the material to be sliced, but such a knife often does not have sufficient dimensional stability and, above all, not sufficient positional stability, namely close to the end face of the guide tube.

This problem is not yet as acute for a material to be cut with a uniform consistency and low cutting resistance such as sausage or cheese - which generally also has the same cross-section in the axial direction and is therefore strand-like - as with an irregularly structured and shaped loaf of material to be cut such as a piece of fresh meat, which can then also be pre-pressed in the guide tube as a shaped tube in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction before slicing.

The uneven cross-section of the loaf of meat is expanded to the uniform cross-section of the guide tube, so that Material to be cut has a uniform cross-section in the form of a strand or caliber, but this also means that the material to be cut is under increased pressure and that a longitudinal stop should be present outside the guide tube for the end of the material to be cut pushed out of the guide tube.

Since the knife is not guided on both sides in a cutting gap, but only slides on one side along the end face of the guide tube, there is a great risk that the knife will not become tight due to deformation, the irregular resistance of the material to be cut or other effects, in particular contacting, without additional measures slides along the end face of the guide tube, but at a short distance from it, which undesirably changes the thickness and thus the weight of the disc produced.

Above all, however, this does not result in a good cutting result on the disk, which is only achieved if the cutting edge of the knife glides along the exit side of the guide tube without a clearance and against a counter-cutting edge, in this case in the form of the inner circumference of the guide tube opening of the guide tube.

If this is not the case, the edge of the pane is usually frayed, which is not desirable for optical reasons.

A grown piece of meat is surrounded by a so-called silver skin, a tendon-like, difficult to cut material. A clean cut instead of tearing through this silver skin is only possible if the cutting edge of the knife lies against the end face of the guide turret or form turret, especially when the knife exits the material to be cut, i.e. the guide tube cross section.

From the DE 10 2010 035 656 A1 it is already known to hold magnets in the end face of the guide tube close to the circumference of the guide tube opening or to arrange vacuum air nozzles in order to pull the knife towards the end face of the guide tube during the entire cutting process, preferably until it makes contact.

However, it has been shown that this leads to increased friction between the knife and the guide tube, and thus on the one hand to a heating of these components and also the material to be cut therein and on the other hand to an increased expenditure of force for moving the knife.

III. Presentation of the invention a) Technical task

It is therefore the object according to the invention to provide a device and a method for pulling the knife onto the cutting-side end face of the guide tube of a cutting machine and yet to avoid the disadvantages described.

b) solving the problem

This object is solved by the features of claims 1 and 14. Advantageous embodiments result from the subclaims.

In a generic cutting machine in which the knife is held on the end face of the guide tube by means of holding magnets, it is irrelevant whether the knife is a bar-shaped knife, a rotating circular disk-shaped or a rotating sickle-shaped knife or the knife of a band saw.

In a cutting machine according to the invention , the holding magnet or magnets are arranged in the penetration direction only near the exit side of the guide tube cross section and outside the guide tube cross section, and not near the entry side.

The penetration direction is understood to be the perpendicular to the knife edge, which lies in the knife plane defined by the knife edge and / or the main plane of the knife. If the knife edge is curved, the vertical one starts at the middle of the length of the knife edge.

As a result, the knife is only subjected to magnetic force in the direction of the end face of the guide tube in the direction of the end face of the guide tube in the last part of the passage of its knife edge, and as a rule is thereby brought into contact with the end face.

On the one hand, this causes the cutting edge of the knife to shear against the front edge of the inner circumference of the guide tube cross section as a counter cutting edge, which results in an exact cut, so that the silver skin can also be cut cleanly without any problems.

In addition, this has the advantage that before the magnetic force acts on the knife, i.e. in the first part of the passage of the cutting edge along the penetration path, the knife is not subjected to magnetic force in the direction of the end face of the guide tube and the knife does not or only the end face contacted with a very low contact force, so that there is hardly any heating of the knife and guide tube and hardly any increase in the cutting force to be applied.

In particular, the holding magnet or magnets are arranged only in the last third of the penetration distance of the knife edge in the penetration direction.

The at least one holding magnet is arranged as close as possible to the outer circumference of the guide tube cross section in order to apply magnetic force in the direction of the end face to the knife, particularly in the area of the guide tube cross section.

The holding magnet is preferably arranged transversely to the penetration direction, that is to say in the radial direction of the guide tube cross section, closer than 30 mm, better closer than 20 mm, better closer than 10 mm to the circumference of the guide tube cross section.

In the axial direction, the one or more holding magnets are arranged so close to the longitudinal position of the front, cutting-side end face that the pulling force of the holding magnet on the knife at the longitudinal position of the cutting-side end face still reaches or exceeds a predetermined minimum pulling force.

The longitudinal position of the holding magnet is preferably adjustable for this.

The minimum tensile force of the individual magnet mounted in the machine at the longitudinal position of the cutting end face should be at least between 100 N and 10 N, better between 70 N and 20 N, better between 50 N and 30 N, especially compared to the knife used -Material.

The sum of the minimum tensile forces of all the holding magnets on a guide tube should be between 400 N and 40 N, better between 280 N and 160 N, better between 200 N and 120 N, especially compared to the knife material used. All of the holding magnets present on a guide tube should be, in particular, those holding magnets which, when a disc that protrudes from this guide gate, are separated, act as a maximum of all together on the separating knife.

Only then is a secure contacting of the knife edge with respect to the end face ensured when the knife is acted on by magnetic force.

So-called knife steel is preferably used as the material for the knife, which is generally defined such that its grade number begins with 1.40 - 1.46, preferably with 1.40.

In particular, the nickel content should be a maximum of 2.5% by weight and the carbon content a maximum of 1.2% by weight, while the chromium content should be at least 10.5% by weight, better 13-15% by weight. If it contains molybdenum, its proportion should not exceed 1.0% by weight.

As a result, such knife steels are rustproof and can still be hardened, with hardnesses of 50-60 HRC usually being sought.

The counter number that then follows in the variety number is preferably between 16 and 34 and is preferably 21.

The subsequent two last digits of the grade number for the steel extraction process and the treatment status are preferably 3 for the steel extraction process and / or 4 for the treatment status.

A steel of grade number 1.4021.34 is therefore preferably used as the knife steel.

The steel used for the knife must of course be able to be acted upon by magnetic force, i.e. it must be a soft magnetic material.

The knife is preferably positioned in the axial direction relative to the end face of the guide tube such that the side of the knife facing the guide tube has a narrow cutting gap of at most 0.5 mm, better at most 0.3 mm, better at most 0.2 mm without being subjected to magnetic force to the guide tube.

In order to pull the knife by means of the magnetic force of the at least one holding magnet until it makes contact with the end face - if the knife does not contact the end face without exposure to magnetic force - the knife should have a thickness of at most 10 mm, in particular at most 8 mm, in particular at most 6 mm, in particular not more than 4 mm, in particular not more than 3 mm.

For the same reason, the knife should have an extension of at least 10 mm, in particular at least 30 mm, in particular at least 50 mm in the penetration direction. In the case of a circular disk-shaped, rotating knife, the extent from the cutting edge to the bearing block in which the knife is mounted must be measured.

In any case, the knife generally consists of a soft magnetic material, that is to say a material on which a force can be exerted by means of a magnet. For hygienic reasons, the knife is preferably made of stainless steel, that is to say a stainless steel, which is usually highly alloyed under the conditions of use of such a cutting machine, but which at the same time has soft magnetic properties.

The knife is preferably a knife that is only ground on one side, the bevel side preferably being on the side of the knife facing away from the guide tube. Therefore, regardless of the exact dimensions of the knife, i.e. its regrinding state, no changes need to be made to the positioning of the magnets, especially in the axial direction.

c) working examples

Figuren 1a -d:

eine Schneidemaschine im Längsschnitt in unterschiedlichen Arbeitsstellungen,

Figuren 2a - c:

einen Querschnitt durch die Schneidemaschine entlang der Linie II-II in unterschiedlichen Arbeitsstellungen,

Figur 3:

eine Vergrößerung aus Figur 1a,

Figur 4:

eine Aufsicht auf ein doppeltes Führungsrohr.

Embodiments according to the invention are described in more detail below by way of example. Show it:

Figures 1a-d:

a cutting machine in longitudinal section in different working positions,

Figures 2a - c:

a cross section through the cutting machine along the line II-II in different working positions,

Figure 3:

an enlargement Figure 1a ,

Figure 4:

a supervision of a double guide tube.

The basic, generic structure of the cutting machine can best be seen in the overview Figures 1a and 2a explain:
A - in this case upright and round in cross section, overall cylindrical - guide tube turret 1 is rotatable about an axis of rotation 1 ', which in this case also stands upright and represents the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical guide tube turret 1 - not shown - Base frame of the cutting machine stored.

Distributed over the circumference, there are several axially extending guide tube openings 1.1-1.5 with different free inner cross sections 1.1 '- 1.5', which open both at the front, lower cutting end 1a and at the upper, rear loading end 1b, in the guide tube turret 1, are open on each end.

The guide tube openings 1.1-1.5 serve to receive a loaf 100 to be cut into slices, which in the initial state has an elongated but irregular shape, so that depending on the cross section of the loaf 100 in the initial state, the latter optionally has a cross section which best matches the cross section 1.1 - 1.5 from above, from the loading end 1b, can be introduced, which is for this Of course, must not be at the cutting position 12, since there the longitudinal press drive 6 prevents insertion from above.

The cutting position 12 is the angular position or angular segment with respect to the axis of rotation 1 'of the guide tube turret 1 which is swept by the knife in use. In the case of a knife moved radially with respect to the guide tube turret 1, the cutting position 12 is the angular position at which the penetration direction 2 is located.

Immediately in front of, i.e. below, the lower end face 1a, the cutting end 1a of the guide tube 1, there is a rotating, circular disk-shaped knife 3 which is driven to rotate about a knife axis 3 ', which is preferably parallel to the switching axis 1', the axis of rotation of the Guide tube turret 1.

The rotating knife 3 can be in a first transverse direction 11.1 to the longitudinal direction 10, which corresponds to the direction of the switching axis 1 'of the guide tube turret 1, radially to the guide tube opening located in the cutting position 12, e.g. 1.1 are moved back and forth to separate slices 101 from the material 100 to be cut.

The separated disk 101 falls onto the discharge conveyor 8 arranged underneath and is moved by the latter, for example in the direction of view Figure 1c transported away.

The Figures 2a to c show the cutting process of a pane 101 in a view according to FIG Figure 1a from below at position II - II:
In Figure 2a such as Figure 1a the knife 3 is still completely outside the circumference of the guide tube turret 1.

In Figure 2b Knives 3 and the stop plate 14 (not visible here) together have already moved so far to the right in the 1st transverse direction 11.1 that the knife 3 has already penetrated the loaf 100 and the Part of the disk 101 which has already been separated protrudes beyond the functional edge 14a of the stop plate 14 between the knife 3 and the stop plate 14.

In Figure 2c and Figure 1c is the disc 101 completely separated, the knife 3 completely covers the cross section of the guide tube opening located at the cutting position and the stop plate 14 is in this viewing direction completely outside the cross section 1.1 'of this guide tube opening 1.1.

Figure 2c shows the state immediately before the separated disk 101 falls onto the discharge conveyor 8, while in Figure 1c the disk 101 is already on the conveyor 8.

Instead of a linear, oscillating movement in the transverse direction 11.1, the knife axis 3 'can also perform an arcuate, oscillating or circular movement in order to separate a disk 101 in each case.

In order to produce a uniform cross section of the loaf 100 before it is cut into slices, it is pressed in the longitudinal direction 10 in the guide tube opening 1.1 in which it is located.

For longitudinal pressing, a longitudinal press drive 6, viewed in the direction of the switching axis 1 ', is located on the base frame of the machine at the so-called cutting position 12 above the guide tube turret 1.

The longitudinal press drive 6 consists of a working cylinder, preferably a hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod 6a of which can be moved in the longitudinal direction 10 increasingly extends from the lower, open end of the cylinder 6b when exposed to working medium, and with its front end a longitudinal pressing ram 4.1, which in the Cross-section 1.1 'of the guide tube opening 1.1 below fits into it, pushes it into Contact the loaf 100 and press it downwards in the longitudinal direction 10 against a stop.

In this case, the stop serves as a stop Figure 1d to the lower end face of the guide tube opening 1.1 located in the cutting position 12 and held there, preferably completely covering this guide tube opening 1.1 before the cutting process begins, stop plate 14.

In a disk-shaped press ram turret 13, longitudinal press rams 4.1-4.5 are arranged in a circular distribution around its axis of rotation 13 ', the cross sections of which correspond to one of the cross sections 1.1' - 1.5 'of the guide tube openings 1.1-1.5 and are thus arranged in the press ram turret 13 are that they fit precisely and preferably in a liquid-tight manner into one of the guide tube openings 1.1-1.5 when they are in the cutting position 12 above this matching guide tube opening.

The press ram turret 13 is rotatable about the likewise upright, parallel to the switching axis 1 ', but offset to the latter in a transverse direction, the switching axis 13', so that the same cross-section 4.1 'for a certain guide tube opening 1.1 located at the cutting position. having longitudinal press rams 4.1 can be positioned over this guide tube opening 1.1 by turning the press ram turret 13 accordingly.

When the lower, free end of the piston rod 6a approaches the upper side of the longitudinal press ram 4.1, which is in the cutting position 12 and is still held in the press ram turret 13, these are automatically connected to one another by means of a coupling 9, by the piston rod 6a at the lower free end on the one hand and / or the top of each of the longitudinal press rams 4.1-4.5 on the other hand there are corresponding, interacting coupling parts 9a, b.

The coupling parts 9a located on the top of the longitudinal press rams 4.1-4.5 lie on a circular path around the switching axis 13 'of the press ram turret 13. When the corresponding longitudinal press ram 4.1 is in alignment and above the cutting position 12, it is exactly in the movement path of the another complementary coupling part 9b arranged at the front end of the piston rod 6a.

When the piston rod 6a with the longitudinal press ram 4.1 attached to it is pulled back, the longitudinal press ram 4.1 moves against a stamp stop 15 or in this recess when the corresponding recess in the press ram turret 13 is reached, so that when the piston rod 6a is retracted further, the coupling 9 triggers and automatically releases the corresponding longitudinal press ram 4.1, which is now held again in the press ram turret 13 in the recess provided for the longitudinal press ram 4.1, for example magnetically or by suitable locking elements there.

The fact that the longitudinal press drive 6 is only present above the cutting position 12 simplifies the construction of the cutting machine.

Switching axis 1 'means that the guide tube turret 1 can be rotated, but can also be locked in certain angular positions, so that switching from one to the next of the defined angular positions is possible.

In the following, instead of the direction of displacement 2 of the knife axis 3 ', the first transverse direction 11.1 is always spoken of, without restricting the invention thereto, although the direction of displacement 2 can also be another direction running transverse to the longitudinal direction 10 of the guide tube turret 1.

The knife 3 is rotatably mounted about its knife axis 3 'on a carriage 19 which can be moved in this displacement direction 2 with respect to the cutting base frame 18. The stop plate 14 is also carried by the carriage 19, but can be adjusted relative to it at least in the axial direction 10, possibly also in the radial direction.

During the cutting process, knife 3 and stop plate 14 preferably move synchronously in the penetration direction 2, preferably first transverse direction 11.1, so that the resulting disk 101 is increasingly pushed through the gap between the cutting edge 3a of the knife 3 and the functional edge 14a of the stop plate 14 facing the knife .

The functional edge 14a is preferably concavely curved in the axial direction 10, for example viewed from below, and is aligned or slightly radially offset in this viewing direction, in particular at a constant distance over the length of the functional edge, with respect to the circular circumference of the cutting edge 3a .

Preferably, the stop plate 14 and thus its functional edge 14a can additionally according to Figure 1a with respect to the slide 19 and thus the cutting edge 3a of the knife 3 can be adjusted in the 1st transverse direction 11.1, preferably also during the cutting process.

These and all other movements of moving parts of the cutting machine are controlled by a control, not shown.

Figure 1d shows a state of the cutting machine in which two processes are shown at the same time, but which do not have to occur simultaneously in practice:
On the one hand, the stop plate 14 has been raised so far that it is directly on the lower end face of the guide tube turret 1, the cutting end 1a, as may be necessary as a stop for the longitudinal pressing of the loaf 100 at the cutting position 12.

Furthermore, the knife 3 is displaced so far away from the switching axis 1 ′ of the guide tube turret 1 that, viewed in the longitudinal direction 10, it is completely outside the cross section of the guide tube turret 1, so that the knife 3, which is on its underside from the slide 19 is supported, is freely accessible from the top over its entire area and can be removed after loosening a quick-release fastener 20 and exchanged for another knife.

The in the Figures 2a to 2c shown around the center of the knife 3, preferably on a circular path, arranged depressions 21 and openings 22 through the disc-shaped knife 3 serve primarily to reduce the weight of the knife 3 and the openings 22 also as gripping openings for gripping the knife 3 when changing the knife.

According to the invention , outside of the guide tube cross section 1.1 ', 1.2' in the guide tube near its cutting-side end face 1a, holding magnets 7 are present, but only in the penetration direction 2 near the end of the penetration distance 2 ':
How Figure 2a using the example of the guide tube opening 1.2 shows - viewed in the longitudinal direction 10 - on the two sides of each molded tube opening with respect to its penetration direction 2, here the radial direction with respect to the switching axis 1 'of the guide tube turret 1 through the center of the respective guide tube Opening, at least one holding magnet 7, usually at least two holding magnets 7 each, but only in the last third of the penetration distance 2 ', because only then should the knife 3 be used so that the knife edge 3a is at the guide tube Revolvers 1 radially inner exit end 2a of the penetration section 2 'rests with prestress on the end face 1a of the guide tube turret 1.

Figure 4 shows - again viewed in the longitudinal direction 10, usually the longitudinal pressing direction - the arrangement of the holding magnets 7 with two parallel guide tube openings 1.1, 1.2, which additionally cross-compress the loaf inserted therein in a first transverse direction to the longitudinal direction 10 allow a cross press stamp. Since in this case the penetration direction 2 often coincides with the transverse pressing direction, the length of the penetrating distance 2 ', which the knife edge 3a must cover through the cross section of the guide tube opening, also changes with the extent of the transverse pressing.

To adapt to this change, two elongated blind holes 24, which extend in the penetration direction 2, are provided on both sides of each of the two guide tube openings, with a single such elongated blind hole 24 between them being sufficient if the distance between the two guide tube openings 1.1, 1.2 is sufficiently small.

Along these blind holes 24, the holding magnets 7 can be inserted into these blind holes 24 at different longitudinal positions, preferably by means of a magnetic holder 25 to be explained, namely always in the penetration direction 2 into the last or the last two insertion positions along the penetration path 2 ' the exit side 2a.

The Figures 1a and 3rd show the positioning and fastening of the holding magnets 7 in the axial direction 10:
Figure 1a shows in the right edge area a guide tube turret 1, which is formed in one piece in the axial direction 10, in the middle and in the left area, on the other hand, a construction in which it consists of disks 1A, 1B successive in the axial direction 10, of which only the first both are shown, while in practice the entire length of the guide tube turret 1 is composed of slices of the same thickness. The disks 1A, 1B are of course arranged and fixed to one another in such a way that their guide tube openings 1.1, 1, 2 are aligned with one another.

According to Figure 3 The holding magnet can then be inserted in the foremost disk 1A facing the knife 3 from the rear, so that the front surface 1a is not interrupted by a holding magnet 7, even if it is inserted and fixed flush, as is the case with a one-piece guide tube turret 1 is necessary as in Figure 1a shown at the lower right end of the turret 1.

According to Figure 3 is located in the cutting-side 1st disc 1A next to the form of tube openings 1.1 blind holes 24, which are open to the rear of this disc 1A facing away from the front side 1a.

As in the left half of the Figure 3 shown, this blind hole 24 can have an axial section with an internal thread 23 into which a magnet holder 25 with a corresponding external thread 23 can be screwed, which holds the holding magnet 7 with its front end face at the bottom of the blind hole 24. The magnet holder 25 can be sealed against the inner circumference of the blind hole 24 by means of the grooves machined in its outer circumference and the O-ring 16 inserted there or in some other way.

In the right half of the figure, a much simpler design is shown, in which the magnet holder 25 - with or without a seal - has such an axial length that after inserting the holding magnet 7 into the blind hole 24 and then inserting the magnet holder 25 with the back of the Disk 1A is aligned and is secured in its axial position by the subsequent disk 1B.

REFERENCE SIGN LIST

1

Guide tube, guide tube turret

1'

Axis of rotation, switching axis

1a

Cutting end, face

1b

Loading end, end face

1.1, 1.2

Guide tube opening

1.1 ', 1.2'

inner cross section

2nd

Direction of penetration

2 '

Penetration distance

2a

Exit side, exit end

3rd

knife

3 '

Knife axis

3a

Cutting edge, cutting edge

4.1-4.5

Longitudinal press stamp

4 '

Longitudinal pressing direction

5.1-5.5

Cross press stamp

5 '

Cross pressing direction

6

Longitudinal press drive

6a

Piston rod

6b

cylinder

7

Holding magnet

8th

Conveyor

9

coupling

9a, b

Coupling part

10th

axial direction, longitudinal direction, longitudinal pressing direction

11

Cross direction, radial direction

11.1

first transverse direction,

11.2

second transverse direction,

12

Cutting position

13

Ram turret

13 '

Axis of rotation, switching axis

14

Stop element, stop plate

14a

Functional edge

15

Stamp stop

16

O-ring

17th

Intermediate plate

18th

Cutting base frame

19th

Sledge

20th

Central locking

21st

deepening

22

breakthrough

23

Internal thread, external thread

24th

Blind hole

25th

Magnetic holder

100

Loaf, sliced goods

101

disc

A

distance

D

thickness

Claims (15)

Cutting machine for cutting a material to be cut (2) into slices (100) with - at least one guide tube (1) running in the longitudinal direction (10) with at least one guide tube opening (1.1, 1.2), which is open at the end in each case, for receiving the material to be cut (100), - a knife (3) which is positioned in the longitudinal direction (10) directly on the cutting face (1a) of the guide tube (1), - At least one holding magnet (7) in or on the guide tube (1) in the longitudinal direction (10) near the front, cutting-side end face (1a) of the guide tube (1), which the knife (3) in contact with the cutting-side end face (1a) of The guide tube (1), characterized in that
in the direction of penetration (2) of the knife (3) into the guide tube cross section (1.1 ', 1.2') the at least one holding magnet (7) is only arranged near the exit side (2a) of the guide tube cross section (1.1 ', 1.2'). Cutting machine according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the at least one holding magnet (8) is arranged transversely to the direction of penetration (2) of the knife (3) close to the circumference of the guide tube cross section (1.1 ', 1.2'). Cutting machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the holding magnet (7) is positioned in the longitudinal direction (10) so close to the front, cutting-side end face (1a) of the guide tube (1) that the tensile force of the holding magnet (7) on the cutting end face (1a) reaches a predetermined minimum tensile force. Cutting machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the longitudinal position of the holding magnet (7) is adjustable. Cutting machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the knife (3) has a thickness of at most 10 mm, in particular at most 8 mm, in particular at most 6 mm, in particular at most 4 mm, in particular at most 3 mm. Cutting machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the knife (3) has an extension in the penetration direction (2) of at least 10 mm, in particular at least 30 mm, in particular at least 50 mm. Cutting machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the knife (3) consists of soft magnetic, rustproof knife steel, in particular of soft magnetic, rustproof stainless steel, and or - The variety number of the material of the knife (3) begins with 1.40 - 1.46, preferably with 1.40 and its subsequent counter number is between 16 and 34, preferably 20 or 21, in particular the variety number is 1.4021.34 and or - wherein the nickel content of the material of the knife (3) is a maximum of 2.5% by weight and the carbon content is a maximum of 1.2% by weight, while the chromium content should be at least 10.5% by weight, better 13-15% by weight. Cutting machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that - The minimum tensile force of the individually mounted holding magnet (7) on the cutting end face (1a), especially compared to soft magnetic, rustproof knife steel, between 100 N and 10 N, better between 70 N and 20 N, better between 50 N and 30 N , is, - The knife (3) is a knife (3) ground on one side only on the side facing away from the guide tube (1). Cutting machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the sum of the minimum tensile forces of the holding magnets (7) present on a guide tube (1.1, 1.2) on the cutting face (1a), in particular compared to soft magnetic, rustproof knife steel, between 400 N and 40 N, better between 280 N and 160 N , better between 200 N and 120 N, is. Cutting machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that - The at least one holding magnet (7) is arranged transversely to the direction of penetration (2) of the knife (3) closer than 30 mm, better closer than 20 mm, better closer than 10 mm to the circumference of the guide tube cross section (1.1 ', 1.2') and or - The at least one holding magnet (7) is detachably attached to or in the guide tube (1). Cutting machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that - The guide tube turret (1) consists of successive disks (1A, 1B) in the axial direction (10), - The holding magnet (7) in the front plate (1A) facing the knife (3) is inserted from the back into a blind hole (24) which is open towards the back of this plate (1A), so that its front surface (1a) passes in front of the holding magnet (7). Cutting machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that - either this blind hole (24) has an axial section with an internal thread (23), into which a magnet holder (25) with a corresponding external thread (23) can be screwed, the front magnet of the holding magnet (7) on the bottom of the blind hole ( 24) holds - Or the magnet holder (25) has such an axial length that it is aligned with the back of the disc (1A) after inserting the holding magnet (7) into the blind hole (24) and then inserting the magnet holder (25). Cutting machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the magnet holder (25) is sealed off from the inner circumference of the blind hole (24), in particular by means of a groove machined in its outer circumference and an O-ring (16) inserted therein. Method for cutting a material to be cut (100), which is at least partially received in a guide tube opening (1.1, 1.2) running in the longitudinal direction (10), into disks (101) by - The cutting edge (3a) of a knife (3) along the end face (1a) passes over the guide tube cross section (1.1 ', 1.2') and - The knife (3) is pulled onto the end face (1a) of the guide tube (1) by means of the force of a holding magnet (7), characterized in that
the force of the holding magnet (7) against the knife (3) is only exerted near the outlet side (2a) of the penetration path (2 ') through the guide tube cross section (1.1', 1.2 '). The method of claim 14
characterized in that
the position of the holding magnet (7) transverse to the longitudinal direction (10) is selected depending on the degree of transverse compression of a material to be cut (100) in the guide tube opening (1.1, 1.2) and changed if necessary.

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