EP3665504A1 - Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines detektionssignals für zu detektierende objekte - Google Patents
Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines detektionssignals für zu detektierende objekteInfo
- Publication number
- EP3665504A1 EP3665504A1 EP18749341.6A EP18749341A EP3665504A1 EP 3665504 A1 EP3665504 A1 EP 3665504A1 EP 18749341 A EP18749341 A EP 18749341A EP 3665504 A1 EP3665504 A1 EP 3665504A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- frequency
- light
- light beam
- detection
- linear
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WSMQKESQZFQMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(O)=O)=NN1 WSMQKESQZFQMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XBJJRSFLZVLCSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(2+);diborate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] XBJJRSFLZVLCSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YISOXLVRWFDIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth;borate Chemical compound [Bi+3].[O-]B([O-])[O-] YISOXLVRWFDIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VCZFPTGOQQOZGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium bis(oxoboranyloxy)borinate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]B(OB=O)OB=O VCZFPTGOQQOZGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WYOHGPUPVHHUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium;oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);phosphate Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[Ti+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WYOHGPUPVHHUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910021418 black silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005374 Kerr effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/10—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/10—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves
- G01S17/26—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency-modulated or phase-modulated carrier wave, e.g. for pulse compression of received signals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S17/894—3D imaging with simultaneous measurement of time-of-flight at a 2D array of receiver pixels, e.g. time-of-flight cameras or flash lidar
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4817—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements relating to scanning
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
- G01S7/4861—Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
- G01S7/4865—Time delay measurement, e.g. time-of-flight measurement, time of arrival measurement or determining the exact position of a peak
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
- G01S7/487—Extracting wanted echo signals, e.g. pulse detection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/3501—Constructional details or arrangements of non-linear optical devices, e.g. shape of non-linear crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
- G02F1/3534—Three-wave interaction, e.g. sum-difference frequency generation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/355—Non-linear optics characterised by the materials used
- G02F1/3551—Crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/39—Non-linear optics for parametric generation or amplification of light, infrared or ultraviolet waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/3501—Constructional details or arrangements of non-linear optical devices, e.g. shape of non-linear crystals
- G02F1/3507—Arrangements comprising two or more nonlinear optical devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for providing a detection signal for objects to be detected.
- the invention also relates to a sensor device for providing a detection signal for objects to be detected.
- the invention also relates to a LiDAR scanner, in particular microscanner.
- known LiDAR macro scanners have a rotor on which optical elements such as light source and detector are arranged.
- Other known scanners have only one mirror for beam deflection as a rotating element.
- a pulsed light source for. B. in the form of a laser emits a light beam and its reflection detected on an object to determine the distance of the object based on the reflected light.
- the macroscanner may have a so-called coaxial arrangement of transmit and receive paths, in which the reflected light is conducted via the light path of the emitting optics.
- the optical components, in particular the mirror of the receiving path are chosen to be correspondingly large.
- biaxial arrangements When using biaxial arrangements, a large detector array is used due to the lens size and the image scale in order to reduce the optical noise power, for example by sunlight or other extraneous light sources.
- Biaxial arrangements with static receive channels are usually illuminated from a wide range of angles and have a low signal-to-noise ratio and hence range.
- eye safety may also be relevant.
- a security scanner for monitoring a scan plane for entry of objects into the scan plane has become known with a light transmitter, a light deflection unit for deflecting the light into the scan plane, a receiver for providing received signals as a function of in the field of vision the scanner of existing objects remitt Being light, and an evaluation unit for evaluating the received signals and for providing a security signal, wherein the light emitter emits light having a wavelength between 1200 nm and 1700 nm.
- US 2015/0177128 A1 has disclosed a method for imaging using photons in quantum mechanical states with two different wavelengths.
- photons of a first wavelength are used to illuminate sample material and photons of a second wavelength are fed to a detector, wherein the photons are not emitted and thus separated from the light path.
- the invention provides a method for providing a detection signal for objects to be detected, wherein
- the first light beam is detected with a reference frequency and wherein
- the second light beam is emitted at an object frequency and received after reflection on an object
- a detection signal is generated, such that based on the
- Time difference between the detection of the first light beam with the reference frequency and a detection of a change of the reference beam with reference frequency due to said overlay the distance of the object can be determined.
- the invention provides a sensor device for providing a detection signal for objects to be detected, comprising a light source for generating an output beam having at least one output frequency,
- a first beam generating device for generating at least a first and a second light beam of different frequencies by means of a first optical non-linear 3-wave process from the output beam
- a second beam generating device for generating a reference beam with reference frequency by means of a second optical non-linear 3-wave process from a superposition of the emitted and received after reflection on an object second light beam and the light beam with the output frequency
- a detection device for detecting light which is designed to generate a detection signal, such that the distance of the object can be determined on the basis of the time difference between the detection of the first light beam with the reference frequency and a detection of a change of the reference beam with reference frequency due to said superposition is.
- the invention provides a LiDAR scanner, in particular a microscanner, with at least one sensor device according to one of claims 3-10, wherein the LIDAR scanner has a micromechanical mirror for deflecting a beam of the first beam generating device.
- the LIDAR scanner has a micromechanical mirror for deflecting a beam of the first beam generating device.
- at least one of the embodiments of the invention provides one Sensor device in which the light of a light source by a first optical non-linear 3-wave process, two further light beams, object beam and reference beam, are generated at different frequencies. The reference beam is measured directly while the object beam is being transmitted to the object to be scanned or to the corresponding region / area. If the object beam strikes an object, it is at least partially reflected and the thus reflected light of the object beam is detected.
- the reflected light of the object beam is superimposed together with the light beam of the light source.
- a second optical nonlinear 3-wave process can then be used to generate a change in the light beam to be detected.
- the time between the first measurement of the reference beam and the detection of a change in the proportion of the reference beam with reference frequency due to the superposition of the recorded object beam and the reference beam for determining the object distance can be used.
- the eye safety can be improved, in particular in that the transmission power can be increased regardless of the design of the detector.
- Another advantage is the high sensitivity, since a completely different noise power path is used.
- a further advantage is increased flexibility, since it is also possible, for example, to use a planar detector in a biaxial arrangement.
- Another advantage is that the installation space can be reduced because smaller detectors or detection devices can be used with the same signal-to-noise ratio.
- simpler wavelength filters can be used because narrow-band angle-independent wavelength filters, which are expensive to manufacture, can be omitted.
- non-linear 3-wave process is to be understood in the broadest sense and, in particular in the description, preferably in the claims, refers to a process in which a nonlinear process optical effect is used to transform an electromagnetic wave having an input frequency into two electromagnetic waves having different output frequencies or from two electromagnetic waves having different input frequencies To generate electromagnetic wave with an output frequency. Examples of a non-linear optical effect are frequency doubling or the Kerr effect. Further features, advantages and further embodiments of the invention are described below or will become apparent.
- the intensity of the reference beam changes with reference frequency due to said superposition, in particular it increases. This allows a simple and reliable detection of the timing of the overlay.
- the first and / or second beam generating device comprises a non-linear optical crystal.
- the nonlinear optical crystal is made of in particular periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate, lithium niobate and / or stoichiometric lithium tantalate and / or barium borate, lithium triborate, bismuth borate and / or potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
- the first beam generating device is designed to provide the first optical non-linear 3-wave process by means of spontaneous parametric fluorescence.
- the second beam generating device is designed to provide the second optical non-linear 3-wave process by means of difference frequency generation.
- Differential frequency generation also known as “difference frequency generation”
- two light beams can be generated.
- the light source is designed to generate pulsed light. Using light pulses simpler, time-resolved measurements are possible.
- the light source can be controlled by means of a pulse-shaped modulated current source.
- the light source can be easily controlled.
- the detection device has a photodiode, in particular an avalanche photodiode and / or a SPAD diode.
- a simple and reliable detection device can be provided. If a SPAD diode is used, single photons can be detected. This allows reliable detection even at low light levels.
- an absorber is arranged at least for light beams from the second beam generating device.
- the absorber is made of black silicone. This allows light to be absorbed effectively.
- a receiving device is arranged for receiving light beams reflected by objects, which has a frequency filter, in particular a bandpass filter, which is designed to suppress the first light beam and to transmit the second light beam.
- a frequency filter in particular a bandpass filter
- the bandpass filter for transmitting light of the wavelength of the second light beam Ai +/- 10nm, in particular Ai +/- 5nm, preferably ⁇ +/- 2.5nm, in particular Ai +/- 1, 5nm and / or preferably ⁇ +/- 5%, in particular ⁇ +/- 2%, preferably ⁇ +/- 1% be formed.
- a time difference measuring device which has a digital counter, in particular controlled by clock sources with high frequency, and / or a series circuit of several digital gates, such that the time of generation of a light pulse and the time of detection of the reflected light forms the time difference.
- a digital counter in particular controlled by clock sources with high frequency
- / or a series circuit of several digital gates such that the time of generation of a light pulse and the time of detection of the reflected light forms the time difference.
- High frequencies are to be understood here as frequencies in the GHz range, preferably between 1 -300 GHz, in particular between 5 and 100 GHz.
- the detection device has a non-linear detection characteristic. Thus, an override of the detection device can be avoided.
- a distance determining device for determining the distance of the object is arranged on the basis of the time difference determined by the time difference measuring device.
- the determined distance can be coded directly into the detection signal.
- 1 is a sensor device according to a first embodiment of the
- FIG. 3 shows a sensor device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a reference signal of a detector device according to a fourth
- FIG. 5 steps of a method according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 1 shows a sensor device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 an embodiment of a system according to the invention is shown.
- a laser beam 2 with the frequency fiaser or the wavelength ⁇ , for example. 531 nm, by means of a laser 10 is generated.
- the power of the laser 10 is controlled by a pulse-shaped modulated current source with the continuous level h and the pulse level I2.
- the laser 10 correspondingly emits a continuous power P1, for example 1 mW and a pulse power P2, for example 50 W.
- the pulse length is for example between 1 ns and 10 ns, preferably between 2 ns and 8 ns, in particular between 4 ns and 6 ns.
- the laser beam 2 is supplied to a non-linear crystal 30.
- This may consist of (periodically poled) potassium titanyl phosphate, (periodically poled) lithium niobate, (periodically poled) stoichiometric lithium tantalate, barium borate, Lithium triborate, bismuth borate and / or potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
- Object and reference beam 3, 4 are designated in this first step by the solid line in Fig. 1.
- the object and reference beams 3, 4 are spatially separated by means of a wavelength-selective beam splitter 60, for example in the form of a dichroic mirror.
- the reference beam 4 is fed to a detector 100 and converted into an electrical signal.
- the detector 100 may include a photodiode that detects the intensity of the photon current and / or has a SPAD diode that responds to individual photons. Alternatively or additionally, an avalanche photodiode can also be used.
- the object beam 3 is supplied to the measuring object 70 by means of a transmitting device 68 and / or by means of a deflection device. The light of the object beam 3 is reflected by the measuring object 70 - here diffuse - and partially received by the receiving optics 67.
- the receiving optics 67 has a wavelength filter 66.
- the wavelength or frequency filter is preferably a bandpass filter with high transmission at Ai-1, 5nm to Ai + 1, 5nm and low transmission at K2.
- the bandpass filter for transmitting light of the wavelength of the object beam 3 A-i +/- 10nm, in particular A-i +/- 5nm, preferably Ai +/- 2.5nm, in particular Ai +/- 1, 5nm and / or preferably Ai + / - 5%, in particular Ai +/- 2%, preferably Ai +/- 1% and low transmission at K2, preferably in a range A2 +/- 10nm, in particular A2 +/- 5nm, preferably A2 +/- 2.5nm or A2 + / - 1, 5nm and / or preferably A2 +/- 5%, in particular A2 be formed +/- 2%.
- the light 5, which was received by the receiving optics 67, is in turn fed to the non-linear crystal 30 via the deflection mirrors 55, 56 and 57.
- the additional supply of a light beam 5 of the wavelength ⁇ turn a light beam 6 of the wavelength K2 by the effect of the difference frequency generation.
- This light beam 6 then strikes the beam splitter 60 in the further course.
- the proportion of the beam 6 of the wavelength K2 is supplied to the detector 100, whereby a measuring signal is generated.
- the generated light beams 6, 7 are shown after the difference frequency generation by dashed lines.
- the light beams 3, 4, 6, 7, which were generated by parametric fluorescence on the one hand or by difference frequency generation on the other hand, can not be distinguished in their frequency or wavelength.
- the light beams 3, 4, 6, 7 can be different in their polarization, for example, and this allows a separation of the light beams 3, 4, 6, 7 and not required light beam 7 from the difference frequency generation with wavelength ⁇ can be supplied to an absorber 96.
- the remaining photons of the laser 11 can be supplied to the absorber.
- the device 1 described in FIG. 1 is an embodiment of a LiDAR system which provides a detection signal shown in FIG. 2.
- the base level of the laser P1 leads to a detection signal level S1.
- the detection signal at level S2 will greatly increase. It is possible to prevent overloading by a non-linear detector characteristic.
- the intensity of the reference beam 4 can be seen on the detector 100.
- the time span t-roF can be determined by known methods of electrical time measurement. Particularly suitable are digital counters, which are incremented by high-frequency clock sources or the series connection of digital gates, the signal to triggers the measurement and the detection terminates the measurement at ti.
- Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, which will be described below.
- a laser beam 2 with the frequency fiaser or the wavelength ⁇ , for example. 531 nm, by means of a laser 10 is generated.
- the power of the laser 10 is controlled by a pulse-shaped modulated current source with the continuous level h and the pulse level I2.
- the laser 10 accordingly emits a continuous power P1, for example 1 mW and a pulse power P2, for example 50 W.
- the pulse length is typically 1 ns to 10 ns, preferably between 2 ns and 8 ns, in particular between 4 ns and 6 ns.
- the laser beam 2 is split in the beam splitter 20.
- the laser beam 2 on the optical path A is supplied to a nonlinear crystal 30a.
- This may be made of (periodically poled) potassium titanyl phosphate, (periodically poled) lithium niobate, (periodically poled) stoichiometric lithium tantalate, barium borate, lithium triborate, bismuth borate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
- the object and reference beams 3, 4 are spatially separated by means of a wavelength-selective beam splitter 60, for example a dichroic mirror or the like.
- the reference beam 4 can be fed to a detector 101 and then into a electrical reference signal to be converted.
- the detector 101 may include a photodiode that detects the intensity of the photon current or an SPAD diode that responds to individual photons. The latter enables reliable detection even at low light intensity. Alternatively or additionally, an avalanche photodiode can also be used.
- the reference signal measured in the detector 101 is shown in FIG.
- the object beam 3 is supplied to the measurement object 70.
- the light of the object beam 3 is diffusely reflected by the measurement object 70 and received by the receiving optics 67 proportionally.
- the receiving optics 67 has a wavelength filter 66.
- the wavelength or frequency filter 66 is preferably a bandpass filter with high transmission at Ai-1, 5nm to Ai + 1, 5nm and low transmission at K2.
- the bandpass filter for transmitting light of the wavelength of the object beam 3 A-i +/- 10nm, in particular A-i +/- 5nm, preferably Ai +/- 2.5nm, in particular Ai +/- 1, 5nm and / or preferably Ai + / - 5%, in particular Ai +/- 2%, preferably Ai +/- 1% and low transmission at K2, preferably in a range A2 +/- 10nm, in particular A2 +/- 5nm, preferably A2 +/- 2.5nm or A2 + / - 1, 5nm and / or preferably A2 +/- 5%, in particular A2 be formed +/- 2%.
- the light picked up by the receiving optics 67 is combined via a beam combiner 80 with the laser beam 8 passed through the optical path B, and in turn fed to a nonlinear crystal 30b.
- Fig. 5 shows steps of a method according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- a first step S1 light from a laser source 10 is converted into a non-linear one sent optical crystal.
- the wavelengths of the object beam are preferably in the range 1550 nm and the wavelengths of the reference beam in the range 810 nm.
- the intensity of the reference beam is in a third step S3 with a detector 100, z. B. with a photodiode, measured continuously.
- a fourth step S4 the detected optical signal is converted into an electrical signal.
- the object beam is by means of a suitable transmitting device, for example.
- the light of the object beam is diffusely reflected by the measuring object 70 in a sixth step S6 and received by a receiving optical system 67 proportionally.
- a seventh step S7 the received object beam of the frequency f 0 t> j is again supplied to the non-linear crystal 30 together with the laser beam at frequency fiaser.
- the invention provides a compact, inexpensive and reliable LiDAR sensor system with high sensitivity and high eye safety.
- the wavelength for the illumination of the object and the detection for example, an optimization of eye safety and / or maximizing the allowable transmission power regardless of the realization of a suitable detector possible.
- a bandwidth of a spectral filter arranged in the detection path is no longer determinative of the noise power and thus in particular independent of the sunlight.
- a planar detector can be used in a biaxial detection path or the entire light collected by the receiving optics can be fed to a single detector by means of a suitable structure in the integrated photonics, thus avoiding a receiving array.
- At the same time can be dispensed with a narrow-band and angle-independent, but complicated wavelength filter.
- the LiDAR system can also be combined with optical phase arrays.
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102017213729.0A DE102017213729B4 (de) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bereitstellung eines Detektionssignals für zu detektierende Objekte |
PCT/EP2018/070589 WO2019030041A1 (de) | 2017-08-08 | 2018-07-30 | Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines detektionssignals für zu detektierende objekte |
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EP3665504A1 true EP3665504A1 (de) | 2020-06-17 |
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EP18749341.6A Withdrawn EP3665504A1 (de) | 2017-08-08 | 2018-07-30 | Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines detektionssignals für zu detektierende objekte |
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US (1) | US11703568B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3665504A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP6833105B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR102642209B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN111194415B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102017213729B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2019030041A1 (de) |
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US11609182B2 (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2023-03-21 | CACI, Inc.—Federal | Multi-stage nonlinear process for efficient wavelength conversion |
CN111781577B (zh) * | 2020-06-08 | 2023-12-22 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | 光线检测方法、光线检测装置和电子设备 |
Family Cites Families (17)
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DE2834660A1 (de) * | 1978-08-08 | 1980-02-21 | Honeywell Gmbh | Laser-entfernungsmesser |
JPH0814522B2 (ja) * | 1989-02-27 | 1996-02-14 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 光ファイバ障害点探索方法および装置 |
US5150248A (en) * | 1989-07-21 | 1992-09-22 | Alfano Robert R | Terahertz repetition rate optical computing systems, and communication systems and logic elements using cross-phase modulation based optical processors |
KR940011331B1 (ko) * | 1992-03-18 | 1994-12-05 | 한국과학기술원 | 비선형 결정을 이용한 레이저 거리 측정기 |
US7362420B2 (en) * | 2004-03-24 | 2008-04-22 | General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems, Inc. | Entangled-photons range finding system and method |
US7408637B2 (en) * | 2004-03-24 | 2008-08-05 | General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems, Inc. | Entangled photon spectroscopy for stand-off detection and characterization |
US7280186B1 (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2007-10-09 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | High resolution chirped/AM optical FM laser radar |
WO2008083445A1 (en) * | 2007-01-12 | 2008-07-17 | The Australian National University | Optical analysis system and method |
DE102007032997A1 (de) | 2007-07-16 | 2009-01-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fahrerassistenzvorrichtung |
JP2010085205A (ja) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-15 | Topcon Corp | レーザ装置および距離測定装置 |
DE202009015194U1 (de) | 2009-11-07 | 2010-02-18 | Sick Ag | Sicherheitsscanner |
CN101846745B (zh) * | 2010-05-07 | 2012-12-26 | 浙江大学 | 基于强关联量子成像原理的激光雷达 |
US8761606B2 (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2014-06-24 | Raytheon Bbn Technologies Corp. | Systems and methods for quantum illumination detection for optical communications and target detection |
US10119816B2 (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2018-11-06 | Nikon Metrology Nv | Low drift reference for laser radar |
CN103591893B (zh) * | 2013-10-21 | 2016-06-08 | 西安交通大学 | 实现原子能级四波混频空间位移和分裂测量的方法 |
EP2887137B1 (de) | 2013-12-19 | 2018-10-10 | Universität Wien | Quantenabbildung mit nicht-detektierten Photonen |
JP6697758B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-03 | 2020-05-27 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 測定システム |
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2017
- 2017-08-08 DE DE102017213729.0A patent/DE102017213729B4/de active Active
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- 2018-07-30 CN CN201880065523.0A patent/CN111194415B/zh active Active
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- 2018-07-30 JP JP2020507106A patent/JP6833105B2/ja active Active
- 2018-07-30 WO PCT/EP2018/070589 patent/WO2019030041A1/de unknown
- 2018-07-30 EP EP18749341.6A patent/EP3665504A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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CN111194415A (zh) | 2020-05-22 |
US20200386859A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 |
DE102017213729A1 (de) | 2019-02-14 |
DE102017213729B4 (de) | 2020-12-24 |
CN111194415B (zh) | 2023-10-31 |
US11703568B2 (en) | 2023-07-18 |
JP6833105B2 (ja) | 2021-02-24 |
WO2019030041A1 (de) | 2019-02-14 |
KR102642209B1 (ko) | 2024-03-04 |
JP2020530902A (ja) | 2020-10-29 |
KR20200035117A (ko) | 2020-04-01 |
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