EP3657266A1 - Dispositif et procédé de génération d'un hologramme - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de génération d'un hologramme Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3657266A1
EP3657266A1 EP19210758.9A EP19210758A EP3657266A1 EP 3657266 A1 EP3657266 A1 EP 3657266A1 EP 19210758 A EP19210758 A EP 19210758A EP 3657266 A1 EP3657266 A1 EP 3657266A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hologram
laser radiation
optical element
diffractive optical
exposed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19210758.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3657266B1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Richter
Michael Langgassner
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Bundesdruckerei GmbH
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Bundesdruckerei GmbH
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Publication of EP3657266A1 publication Critical patent/EP3657266A1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/0402—Recording geometries or arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/405—Marking
    • B42D25/41—Marking using electromagnetic radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/10—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms using modulated reference beam
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/20—Copying holograms by holographic, i.e. optical means
    • G03H1/202—Contact copy when the reconstruction beam for the master H1 also serves as reference beam for the copy H2
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/26—Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple sub- holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
    • G03H1/30—Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple sub- holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique discrete holograms only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
    • G03H1/0011—Adaptation of holography to specific applications for security or authentication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/0402—Recording geometries or arrangements
    • G03H1/0406—Image plane or focused image holograms, i.e. an image of the object or holobject is formed on, in or across the recording plane
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/26—Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple sub- holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
    • G03H1/2645—Multiplexing processes, e.g. aperture, shift, or wavefront multiplexing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G03H2001/0208—Individual components other than the hologram
    • G03H2001/0216—Optical components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G03H2001/0208—Individual components other than the hologram
    • G03H2001/0224—Active addressable light modulator, i.e. Spatial Light Modulator [SLM]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/0465—Particular recording light; Beam shape or geometry
    • G03H2001/0473—Particular illumination angle between object or reference beams and hologram
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2210/00—Object characteristics
    • G03H2210/20—2D object
    • G03H2210/22—2D SLM object wherein the object beam is formed of the light modulated by the SLM
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2222/00—Light sources or light beam properties
    • G03H2222/40—Particular irradiation beam not otherwise provided for
    • G03H2222/42—Reference beam at recording stage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2223/00—Optical components
    • G03H2223/13—Phase mask
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2223/00—Optical components
    • G03H2223/17—Element having optical power
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2223/00—Optical components
    • G03H2223/23—Diffractive element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2223/00—Optical components
    • G03H2223/24—Reflector; Mirror
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2223/00—Optical components
    • G03H2223/50—Particular location or purpose of optical element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2225/00—Active addressable light modulator
    • G03H2225/10—Shape or geometry
    • G03H2225/12—2D SLM
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2227/00—Mechanical components or mechanical aspects not otherwise provided for
    • G03H2227/04—Production line for mass production

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for generating a hologram, in particular in contact copy.
  • holograms are used as security elements.
  • the holograms make it difficult to forge or imitate the value or security document and thereby increase its security.
  • holograms In order to be able to use holograms as security features in the mass production of value or security documents, holograms have to be produced, in particular copied, in an efficient manner during the production of the value or security documents.
  • Copying is usually done using the so-called contact copy method.
  • a hologram master to be copied is produced in the form of a master hologram in which the holographic information is stored.
  • a holographic recording material to be exposed for example a hologram film made of a photopolymer, is then arranged flat on the hologram master. If the hologram master is irradiated with appropriate laser radiation, the hologram stored in the hologram master is reconstructed and imaged in the hologram film, ie copied into it.
  • a corresponding device and a corresponding method are, for example, in the EP 0 896 260 A2 described.
  • a laser radiation is brought to a linear profile by means of a Powell lens.
  • the laser radiation shaped in this way is then guided by means of a lens onto the holographic recording material and the hologram master.
  • the line-shaped laser radiation is guided ("scanned") step by step over the hologram master and the holographic recording material by means of a rotatable mirror of a scanner arranged in the beam path.
  • the described method is complex and slow, since step by step exposure of the area to be copied is always necessary. Furthermore, the method is costly and prone to errors due to a large number of optical components.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing an apparatus and a method for generating a hologram in which the generation can be carried out in an improved manner.
  • Objects that have at least one security feature are referred to as value or security documents.
  • security documents include: ID cards, passports, ID cards, access control ID cards, visas, tax signs, tickets, driver's licenses, motor vehicle papers, value documents such as banknotes, checks, postage stamps, credit cards, any chip cards and adhesive labels (e.g. for product security).
  • a diffractive optical element is an optical element that comprises an optical grating and that uses diffraction effects to shape the beam on this optical grating.
  • a diffractive optical element is a glass carrier, on the surfaces of which microstructures are applied, which form the optical grating. Due to the microstructures, individual partial beams have different path lengths, so that phase modulations occur which can lead to interference patterns. An amplitude is additionally modulated by constructive and destructive superimposition.
  • the optically active microstructures can be produced by modulating the refractive index and / or by modulating a height profile of the surface.
  • holographic recording material any material that is suitable for particularly exposing a volume hologram therein is referred to as holographic recording material.
  • a holographic recording material can be a hologram film.
  • Hologram films produced on a photopolymer basis are particularly suitable.
  • hologram films made from silver halide can also be used, especially bleached silver halide films.
  • Other materials are dichromate gelatin or photorefractive crystals.
  • the holographic recording material or a hologram master or master hologram are each smoothly flat and planar. Smaller deviations for the elimination of imaging errors or the like are not affected by this.
  • a hologram master is a pattern from which a hologram is made. Such a hologram master can be, for example, a master hologram, a mirror or a grating.
  • a master hologram is a hologram master designed as a hologram.
  • a screen in the prior art serves as a hologram master.
  • the volume reflection hologram produced therefrom in contact copy represents a master hologram which can be used as a hologram master in the contact copying process for producing individualized security elements.
  • this master hologram is then also the hologram master for the individually produced security elements, each of which has an individualized volume hologram, which is copied in a spatially selected manner by the master hologram in the contact copying process.
  • a spatial light modulator enables two-dimensionally spatially resolved lighting or irradiation of a mostly flat object with modulated intensity.
  • This can be, for example, a DMD (Digital Micro Mirror Device) chip, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) transmission display or an LCoS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) display. All of them have in common that a large number of SLM pixels are formed, each SLM pixel being able to be activated or deactivated independently of other SLM pixels (intermediate stages are also possible), so that patterns or images can be projected by appropriate control of the SLM pixels . Due to the free controllability, different pictures or images can be easily added Patterns can be generated one after the other, for example in the form of a passport photo.
  • a code or pattern is individualizing if it is unique for a person or an object or a group of persons or objects from a larger total number of persons or objects. For example, a code individualizing for a group of people within the total population of a country is the city of residence. An individual code for a person is, for example, the number of the ID card or the passport picture. A code that is individualized for a group of banknotes within the total number of banknotes is the value. The serial number is individualizing for a bill. Examples of non-individualizing codes or patterns are coats of arms, seals, national emblems, etc.
  • a basic idea of the invention is to simplify an optical structure of a device for generating the hologram.
  • the Powell lens, the scanner, other lenses and the aperture in the beam path are omitted.
  • a diffractive optical element is used.
  • the diffractive optical element is designed or selected in such a way that an exposure area corresponds to the area to be exposed for generating the hologram.
  • the area which is exposed corresponds in terms of shape and size or area to the part to be produced, in particular to be copied.
  • the diffractive optical element is designed such that the laser radiation emitted in the focal plane of the diffractive optical element corresponds to this circular area.
  • a square exposure area is to be exposed, for example because the hologram to be generated or copied has a square shape, the diffractive optical element is designed or selected in such a way that the laser radiation emitted or transmitted in the exposure area corresponds to this square area. In this way, the hologram to be generated, in particular to be copied, can be generated or copied over the entire area in a single exposure step.
  • a device for generating a hologram comprising an optical arrangement, the optical arrangement along an optical axis comprising at least one laser radiation source, a diffractive optical element and a master recording, in or on which a holographic recording material to be exposed and a hologram master can be arranged, and wherein the diffractive optical element is designed such that in a focal plane, a laser radiation emitted by the laser radiation source and transmitted through the diffractive optical element is imaged on an irradiation plane in an optical path of the optical arrangement and thereby irradiate an exposure area which is used to generate one of the area to be exposed corresponds to the hologram.
  • a method for generating a hologram comprising the following steps: arranging a hologram master and a holographic recording material to be exposed in a master image, generating laser radiation by means of a laser radiation source, irradiating the generated laser radiation onto a diffractive optical element, the diffractive element Optical element was provided or selected in such a way that the laser radiation transmitted through the diffractive optical element is imaged on a radiation plane in a beam path of the optical arrangement and thereby an exposure area is irradiated which corresponds to an area to be exposed to generate the hologram.
  • the advantage of the device and the method is that a Powell lens, a scanner, a lens and an aperture for beam shaping can be dispensed with. This enables a significantly simplified structure of the device or a simplified method, since in particular an adjustment of the optical arrangement can be made less complex. Overall, costs and effort can be saved. In addition, due to the smaller number of components of the optical arrangement, the susceptibility to errors is also reduced, so that the device and the method are more robust.
  • the specific design of the microstructures of the diffractive optical element is carried out as a function of the desired position of the focal plane of the diffractive optical element and as a function of the area to be exposed or the exposure area. To do this, a backward calculation is made from the shape and size of the area to be exposed to form the diffractive microstructures. In other words, a specific position and a specific shape of the microstructures on the surface of the glass carrier of the diffractive optical element are found by simulation in such a way that the desired image of the laser radiation transmitted through the diffractive optical element for the irradiation plane, and thereby in particular for, is located in the focal plane the exposure range.
  • the diffractive optical element is then produced by forming the calculated microstructures on the surface of a glass carrier.
  • the calculated microstructures are formed by several successive etching steps.
  • a manufacturer of diffractive optical elements is, for example, the company HOLO / OR Ltd. in Israel (http://www.holoor.co.il/).
  • the laser radiation transmitted by the diffractive optical element is guided directly to the exposure area. Then the radiation level coincides with the level in which the hologram is to be generated. If optical components are arranged between the diffractive optical element, the irradiation plane may have to coincide with another plane and the diffractive optical element must be designed or selected accordingly.
  • the master recording is designed, for example, as a holding element, holder or table for receiving and / or holding the holographic recording material and the hologram master.
  • the generated or copied hologram is used as a security feature in a value or security document.
  • the area to be exposed can vary in terms of shape, size and / or exposure intensity.
  • the diffractive optical element is designed such that a beam shape and / or an intensity profile of the transmitted laser radiation is matched to the area to be exposed.
  • a hologram is to be reconstructed at a certain angle or to be generated in the holographic marking material.
  • the optical arrangement has a Includes mirror, the mirror being designed and arranged in such a way that the laser radiation can be imaged onto the holographic recording material to be exposed at an angle thereto with respect to a surface normal. If such an angle is 45 °, for example, the mirror is correspondingly arranged in the beam path on the optical axis between the diffractive optical element and the master mount. The alignment is then carried out in such a way that the transmitted laser radiation reflected on the mirror strikes the holographic marking material and the hologram master at an angle of 45 °.
  • the diffractive optical element is designed or manufactured or selected such that distortion or compression / stretching of the beam profile that occurs due to the exposure at an angle is taken into account. If, for example, a beam shape or an intensity profile were circular after transmission through the diffractive optical element, the exposed area would be elliptical after reflection on a mirror at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the surface normal of the holographic recording material or the hologram master. However, this can be taken into account by appropriate consideration when forming the diffractive optical element, so that despite the reflection, exposure can take place with a circular beam shape or a circular intensity profile.
  • the position of the mirror is adjustable and / or that at least one axis of the mirror is rotatable so that the angle can be changed. This allows the device to be flexibly adapted to changing requirements, i.e. changing angles can be adjusted so that changeover and downtime of the device can be reduced.
  • a corresponding provision can be made in the method that the mirror is positioned and the angle is adjusted.
  • the optical arrangement comprises a spatial light modulator (SLM) arranged in the beam path, the spatial light modulator being designed to individualize the hologram to be generated, the radiation level coinciding with a coupling level of the spatial light modulator.
  • SLM spatial light modulator
  • the SLM is then placed behind the diffractive optical element.
  • the laser radiation modulated by the SLM is then, for example, imaged onto the exposure area via imaging optics and individualized by appropriate control of the SLM.
  • the spatial light modulator is a liquid-crystal-on-silicone modulator.
  • the diffractive optical element is designed such that it has a transmittance of at least 99% and an efficiency of at least 97%. This is done in particular by using at least 32 etching stages when producing the diffractive optical element, that is to say that at least 5 etching steps are carried out. In this way, an efficiency can be significantly increased compared to the devices known from the prior art. This makes it possible to copy holograms more efficiently and cost-effectively.
  • the diffractive optical element is designed such that in the focal plane the laser radiation emitted by the laser radiation source and transmitted through the diffractive optical element is imaged on at least one further irradiation plane in the beam path of the optical arrangement and thereby at least one further exposure area to be irradiated, which corresponds to a further region to be exposed in order to generate a further hologram.
  • This makes it possible to expose several exposure areas separately from one another, but simultaneously, and in this way, for example, to generate, in particular to copy, several holograms simultaneously for different value or security documents.
  • multiple value or security documents can be provided with a hologram on a multiple use in a single work step, since all holograms can be generated or copied at the same time. As a result, a process can be simplified.
  • holograms for a single value or security document are simultaneously generated, in particular copied.
  • the diffractive optical element is then designed accordingly for the exposure of several corresponding exposure areas.
  • Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a device 1 for generating or copying a hologram in contact copy from the prior art is shown.
  • the device 1 comprises a scanner 2 with a rotatable mirror 3 and a Powell lens 4, which generates a line profile from a laser radiation 5 with a circular intensity profile.
  • This line profile is applied to a holographic recording material 8 via the rotatable mirror 3 and a lens 6 and a further mirror 7 and a hologram master 9 arranged underneath and designed as a master hologram is imaged.
  • the exposure area 10, which is to be copied into the holographic recording material 8 by means of the laser radiation 5 is limited in its extent by means of a diaphragm 11, the diaphragm 11 being circular in the present example.
  • a two-dimensional copying or two-dimensional exposure of the exposure area 10 now takes place sequentially by scanning by means of the rotatable mirror 3 of the scanner 2, so that the linear image 13 of the laser radiation 5 is moved along a scanning direction 12 over the holographic recording material 8 and the hologram master 9.
  • the hologram for the exposure area 10 is reconstructed in the hologram master 9 and exposed into the holographic recording material 8.
  • Fig. 2 a schematic representation of a further device 1 for generating an individualized hologram from the prior art is shown.
  • the same reference numerals in the figures denote the same features.
  • the device 1 shown comprises the device shown in FIG Fig. 2 Device 1 shown additionally has a polarizing beam splitter 14, on the top of which a spatial light modulator 15 in the form of an LCoS is arranged.
  • the laser radiation 5, which is modulated locally by a rotation of a polarization of the laser radiation 5 and subsequent filtering by the beam splitter 14 on the basis of individualization information (for example a grayscale image of a person), is directed onto the holographic recording material 8 and the hologram master 9 with the aid of imaging optics 16.
  • the areal exposure is the same as in Fig. 1 shown example by scanning by means of the rotatable mirror 3 of the scanner 2. This creates the individualized hologram in the holographic recording material 8.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention for generating a hologram, in particular shown in contact copy.
  • the device 1 comprises an optical arrangement 20, the optical arrangement 20 comprising a laser radiation source 21, a diffractive optical element 22 and a master mount 23.
  • the master receptacle 23 is designed, for example, as a holding element or holder for holding and holding the holographic recording material 8 and the hologram master 9.
  • the hologram master 9 is in particular a master hologram.
  • the device 1 in the embodiment shown has no Powell lens, no scanner, no lens and no diaphragm.
  • the diffractive optical element 22 is designed such that in a focal plane 24 a laser radiation 5 emitted by the laser radiation source 21 and transmitted through the diffractive optical element 22 is imaged onto an irradiation plane 17 in a beam path of the optical arrangement 20 and thereby an exposure area 10 is irradiated, that corresponds to an area 25 to be exposed for generating the hologram.
  • the irradiation plane 17 corresponds to the plane in which the holographic recording material 8 is arranged.
  • the exposure area 10 irradiated by the beam shaping of the diffractive optical element 22 therefore corresponds exactly to the area 25 in which the hologram is to be copied by the hologram master 9 into the holographic recording material 8. In the exemplary embodiment shown, this is a circular surface.
  • the intensity profile is preferably homogeneous ("flat-top hat" profile).
  • Fig. 4 a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention for generating a hologram, in particular in contact copy, is shown.
  • the device 1 is based on the in Fig. 3 shown embodiment.
  • the same reference numerals in the figures denote the same features.
  • the optical arrangement 20 also comprises a positionable and rotatable mirror 7, via which the laser radiation 5 transmitted through the diffractive optical element 20 is imaged onto the exposure area 10 at an angle 26 to the surface normal 27 of the holographic recording material 8 or of the hologram master 9. This enables exposure or copying of the hologram at an angle 26.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention for generating a hologram, in particular an individualized hologram.
  • the same reference numerals in the figures denote the same features.
  • the optical arrangement 20 includes in the beam path next to the Laser radiation source 21, the diffractive optical element 22 and the master mount 23 a polarizing beam splitter 14, on the top of which a spatial light modulator 15 is arranged in the form of an LCoS.
  • the laser radiation 5 that is modulated locally by the spatial light modulator 15 is directed onto the holographic recording material 8 and the hologram master 9 with the aid of imaging optics 16 of the optical arrangement 20.
  • the radiation plane 17 coincides with a coupling plane 18 of the spatial light modulator 15, i.e. the diffractive optical element 22 is designed such that the focal plane 24 of the diffractive optical element 22 is located in the coupling plane 18.
  • the laser radiation 5 transmitted through the diffractive optical element 22 is therefore imaged on the spatial light modulator 15 or its coupling plane 18.
  • the exposure area 10 irradiated by the beam shaping of the diffractive optical element 22 thus corresponds exactly to the area 25 in which the hologram (individualized) is to be generated or copied. In the exemplary embodiment shown, this is a square area.
  • the intensity profile of the laser radiation 5 in the focal plane 24 or in the exposure area 10 is preferably formed homogeneously over the entire surface, so that uniform exposure or copying is possible.
  • Fig. 6 a schematic flow diagram of the method according to the invention for generating a hologram is shown.
  • a diffractive optical element 22 (cf. Fig. 3 ) selected and provided.
  • the diffractive optical element 22 corresponds here to the laser radiation 5 used, in particular with respect to a wavelength of the laser radiation 5, and in particular to the hologram or the hologram master 9 to be generated, in particular copied. It can additionally be provided that the laser radiation 5 is expanded in front of the diffractive optical element 22 to thereby create a beam profile through the diffractive Optical element 22 transmitted laser radiation 5 to make it more homogeneous.
  • the diffractive optical element 22 is designed in such a way that, during the subsequent exposure, exactly the area in which a hologram is to be generated or copied is irradiated.
  • the selected and provided diffractive optical element 22 is arranged in a beam path of an optical arrangement 20 of the device 1.
  • a hologram master 9 and a holographic recording material 8 to be exposed are arranged in a master recording 23.
  • the master receptacle 23 is designed, for example, as a flat table, on which the hologram master 9 and the holographic recording material 8 are placed and arranged on one another in a predetermined position. It can also be provided that the holographic recording material 8 is or is laminated onto the hologram master 9. Furthermore, it can also be provided that the holographic recording material 8 is pressed and / or sucked onto the hologram master 23 so that the two are arranged as closely as possible to one another and in particular there are no air pockets between them.
  • laser radiation 5 is generated by means of a laser radiation source 21.
  • the wavelength of the laser radiation 5 is matched to the hologram to be generated or the hologram to be reconstructed by the hologram master 9.
  • the laser radiation generated is irradiated onto the diffractive optical element 22 and the hologram is thereby generated in the exposure area 10, in particular copied from the hologram master 9 into the holographic recording material 8.

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EP19210758.9A 2018-11-22 2019-11-21 Dispositif et procédé de génération d'un hologramme Active EP3657266B1 (fr)

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DE102018220099.8A DE102018220099A1 (de) 2018-11-22 2018-11-22 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Hologramms

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Cited By (1)

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WO2023148374A1 (fr) * 2022-02-04 2023-08-10 Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh Dispositif de réplication d'un élément optique holographique maître à éclairage variable

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2020302979A1 (en) * 2019-06-26 2022-02-03 Bank Of Canada Diffractive structures within polymer substrates, their manufacture and use

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0896260A2 (fr) 1997-08-06 1999-02-10 HSM Holographic Systems München GmbH Dispositif pour la fabrication d'hologrammes individuels pour la sécurité de documents
US20140055830A1 (en) * 2012-08-27 2014-02-27 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Phase mask and holographic recording apparatus employing the same
DE102012215540A1 (de) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Individualisierungseinrichtung und Belichtungsvorrichtung für Hologramme
DE102015220123A1 (de) * 2015-10-15 2017-04-20 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Masterhologramm und Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Masterhologramms für ein Kontaktkopierverfahren

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EP0896260A2 (fr) 1997-08-06 1999-02-10 HSM Holographic Systems München GmbH Dispositif pour la fabrication d'hologrammes individuels pour la sécurité de documents
US20140055830A1 (en) * 2012-08-27 2014-02-27 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Phase mask and holographic recording apparatus employing the same
DE102012215540A1 (de) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Individualisierungseinrichtung und Belichtungsvorrichtung für Hologramme
DE102015220123A1 (de) * 2015-10-15 2017-04-20 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Masterhologramm und Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Masterhologramms für ein Kontaktkopierverfahren

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023148374A1 (fr) * 2022-02-04 2023-08-10 Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh Dispositif de réplication d'un élément optique holographique maître à éclairage variable

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