EP3655634B1 - Exhaust gas system for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Exhaust gas system for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3655634B1
EP3655634B1 EP18729938.3A EP18729938A EP3655634B1 EP 3655634 B1 EP3655634 B1 EP 3655634B1 EP 18729938 A EP18729938 A EP 18729938A EP 3655634 B1 EP3655634 B1 EP 3655634B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
internal combustion
combustion engine
lambda probe
cylinder head
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EP18729938.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3655634A1 (en
Inventor
Uli Blümelhuber
Carina HÖFLER
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication of EP3655634A1 publication Critical patent/EP3655634A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/008—Mounting or arrangement of exhaust sensors in or on exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F01N11/007—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring oxygen or air concentration downstream of the exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate silencers in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
    • F01N2560/025—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting O2, e.g. lambda sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/14—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics having more than one sensor of one kind
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for motorcycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/148—Arrangement of sensors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a single-track vehicle with an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine with the features from the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the internal combustion engine has a catalytic converter and two oxygen sensors (lambda sensors) in its exhaust line.
  • the first probe is placed upstream of the catalytic converter, the second in the catalytic converter.
  • the arrangement of these two probes enables a high control frequency, taking into account the condition of the catalyst and excluding hydrogen cross-sensitivity.
  • the exhaust gases detected by this probe that have not yet been completely converted are completely converted.
  • German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2010 050 055 A1 For the diagnosis of an exhaust gas catalytic converter and/or an exhaust gas sensor of a motor vehicle internal combustion engine, German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2010 050 055 A1 a known method for doing so.
  • the exhaust system has two oxygen sensors upstream of the catalytic converter and another oxygen sensor downstream of the catalytic converter, the signals from which are evaluated by a control unit.
  • a monitoring system for the exhaust gas cleaning of an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle is known from this published application, with two lambda probes being provided, one of which is arranged upstream and the other, which can be heated, is arranged downstream of the catalytic converter. Starting from a cold start of the internal combustion engine, the downstream probe is essentially not heated until the catalyst light-off temperature (lightoff temperature) is reached, but is used to determine the exhaust gas temperature, with the attainment of a minimum temperature being checked within a certain period of time.
  • Exhaust systems for motorcycles operated by internal combustion engines in which sensors are used to measure the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, are for example the publications JP 2016 183652 A , EP 3 064 722 A1 , JP 2017 110616 A and JP 2003 206784 A refer to.
  • the object of the present invention is to indicate a measure to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above for single-track vehicles.
  • the aim of the invention is to reduce harmful emissions from internal combustion engines for single-track vehicles such. B. to further reduce motorcycles.
  • the quality of the exhaust gas cleaning is checked during operation. This is achieved by ideally placing two lambda sensors in the exhaust gas flow of the internal combustion engine.
  • the flow pattern of the exhaust gas which exits directly from the internal combustion engine, is also comparatively complicated due to the geometry of the exhaust system and exhibits greater inhomogeneity with increasing flow length. It is advantageous to place the first lambda probe as close as possible to the outlet of the internal combustion engine (close to the cylinder head). This distance should correspond to a maximum of ten times the diameter of the outlet opening in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine.
  • the second lambda probe also known as the monitor probe, is placed behind the catalytic converter to check the quality of the exhaust gas cleaning, and measures the cleaned exhaust gas flow.
  • the distance between the second lambda probe and the catalytic converter should correspond to a maximum of four times the diameter of the catalytic converter.
  • the system should also be used in exhaust systems that use a muffler, in particular a front muffler.
  • the front silencer can be placed between the internal combustion engine and its swing arm. This applies in particular to downpipes and exhaust system components with vertical flow, e.g. B. Catalytic converters and silencers between the rear wheel and swingarm of the single-track vehicle.
  • the configuration according to the invention leads to better exhaust gas measurement and therefore to more environmentally friendly operation of the single-track vehicle.
  • future emission standards are met in an advantageous manner, while at the same time the available installation space in the non-visible area of the single-track vehicle is used, which leads to significantly improved package compatibility.
  • figure 1 shows a top view of an internal combustion engine 2 with an exhaust system 1 for a single-track vehicle, such as a motorcycle, a moped, a moped or a moped.
  • a single-track vehicle such as a motorcycle, a moped, a moped or a moped.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 has a cylinder head 3, at the unnumbered exhaust outlet of which an exhaust system 1 is arranged.
  • the exhaust system 1 consists essentially of an unnumbered exhaust pipe in which a first lambda probe 4 (oxygen probe) is arranged close to the cylinder head.
  • the first lambda probe 4 is located between the cylinder head 3 and an emission control system 5.
  • the emission control system 5, such as. B. a three-way catalytic converter is encased in the present embodiment by an additional, unnumbered sheet metal dress as heat protection.
  • a flow direction of the exhaust gas is represented by two arrows.
  • a second lambda probe 6 (oxygen probe) is arranged in the exhaust gas system 1 after the exhaust gas cleaning device 5 in the flow direction of the exhaust gas.
  • the second lambda probe 6 is arranged in the exhaust system 1 at a maximum distance of four times the diameter of the exhaust gas cleaning system 5 from the exhaust gas cleaning system 5 .
  • the diameter of the emission control system 5 is the diameter of the catalytically coated monolith without its casing. The diameter applies to the cross section of circular exhaust gas cleaning systems 5. In the case of exhaust gas cleaning systems 5 with an oval cross section, the distance is four times the largest diameter of the catalytically coated monolith.
  • a silencer is arranged between the cylinder head 3 and the first lambda probe 4 .
  • This silencer is preferably a pre-silencer.
  • the positioning of the first lambda probe 4 close to the cylinder head means that the first lambda probe 4 is arranged in the exhaust system 1 at a maximum distance of ten times the diameter of the exhaust gas outlet in the cylinder head 3 from the cylinder head 3 .
  • the silencer is arranged between the internal combustion engine and a rocker arm of a single-track vehicle (not shown).
  • the configuration of the exhaust system 1 according to the invention leads to improved exhaust gas measurement and thus to a significantly more environmentally friendly operation of the internal combustion engine 2. It is also possible to meet future exhaust gas standards, such as Euro 5, for single-track vehicles.
  • future exhaust gas standards such as Euro 5, for single-track vehicles.
  • the use of available installation space in the non-visible area is particularly advantageous with the best possible package compatibility.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Einspurfahrzeug mit einer Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen aus dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a single-track vehicle with an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine with the features from the preamble of patent claim 1.

Aus dem Kraftfahrzeugbau ist beispielsweise aus der Deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 3 921 345 A1 eine Vorrichtung zum Verringern von Abgasschadstoffkomponenten einer Brennkraftmaschine bekannt. Die Brennkraftmaschine weist in ihrem Abgasstrang einen Katalysator, sowie zwei Sauerstoffsonden (Lambdasonden) auf. Die erste Sonde ist stromauf des Katalysators angeordnet, die zweite im Katalysator. Die Anordnung dieser zwei Sonden ermöglicht eine hohe Regelfrequenz unter Berücksichtigung des Katalysatorzustandes und unter Ausschluss von Wasserstoffquerempfindlichkeit. In dem, der zweiten Sonde nachgeschalteten Katalysator werden die von dieser Sonde erkannten, noch nicht vollständig umgesetzten Abgase restlos umgesetzt.From the automotive industry, for example, from the German Offenlegungsschrift DE 3 921 345 A1 a device for reducing exhaust gas pollutant components of an internal combustion engine is known. The internal combustion engine has a catalytic converter and two oxygen sensors (lambda sensors) in its exhaust line. The first probe is placed upstream of the catalytic converter, the second in the catalytic converter. The arrangement of these two probes enables a high control frequency, taking into account the condition of the catalyst and excluding hydrogen cross-sensitivity. In the catalytic converter connected downstream of the second probe, the exhaust gases detected by this probe that have not yet been completely converted are completely converted.

Für die Diagnose eines Abgaskatalysators und/oder eines Abgassensors eines Kraftfahrzeugverbrennungsmotors ist aus der Deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2010 050 055 A1 ein Verfahren dafür bekannt.For the diagnosis of an exhaust gas catalytic converter and/or an exhaust gas sensor of a motor vehicle internal combustion engine, German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2010 050 055 A1 a known method for doing so.

Hierfür weist die Abgasanlage vor dem Katalysator zwei Sauerstoffsensoren sowie nach dem Katalysator einen weiteren Sauerstoffsensor auf, deren Signale von einem Steuergerät ausgewertet werden.For this purpose, the exhaust system has two oxygen sensors upstream of the catalytic converter and another oxygen sensor downstream of the catalytic converter, the signals from which are evaluated by a control unit.

Zum weiteren technischen Umfeld wird auf die Deutsche Offenlegungsschrift DE 195 41 903 A1 hingewiesen. Aus dieser Offenlegungsschrift ist ein Überwachungssystem für die Abgasreinigung einer Brennkraftmaschine für ein Kraftfahrzeug bekannt, wobei zwei Lambdasonden vorgesehen sind, von denen eine stromauf und die andere beheizbare stromab des Katalysators angeordnet ist. Ausgehend von einem Kaltstart der Brennkraftmaschine wird im Wesentlichen bis zum Erreichen der Katalysatoranspringtemperatur (lightoff-Temperatur) die stromabwärtige Sonde nicht beheizt, sondern zur Ermittlung der Abgastemperatur verwendet, wobei das Erreichen einer Mindesttemperatur binnen einer gewissen Zeitspanne überprüft wird.For further technical information, please refer to the German Offenlegungsschrift DE 195 41 903 A1 pointed out. A monitoring system for the exhaust gas cleaning of an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle is known from this published application, with two lambda probes being provided, one of which is arranged upstream and the other, which can be heated, is arranged downstream of the catalytic converter. Starting from a cold start of the internal combustion engine, the downstream probe is essentially not heated until the catalyst light-off temperature (lightoff temperature) is reached, but is used to determine the exhaust gas temperature, with the attainment of a minimum temperature being checked within a certain period of time.

Diese bekannten Abgasreinigungsvorrichtungen sind jedoch ausschließlich für Kraftfahrzeuge vorgesehen, und können nicht ohne weiteres auf ein Einspurfahrzeug, wie beispielsweise ein Motorrad, ein Moped, ein Mokick oder ein Mofa übertragen werden.However, these known exhaust gas cleaning devices are intended exclusively for motor vehicles and cannot easily be transferred to a single-track vehicle, such as a motorcycle, a moped, a moped or a moped.

Abgasanlagen für verbrennungsmotorisch betriebene Motorräder, bei welchen Sensoren zur Messung der Sauerstoffkonzentration im Abgas genutzt werden, sind beispielsweise den Druckschriften JP 2016 183652 A , EP 3 064 722 A1 , JP 2017 110616 A und JP 2003 206784 A zu entnehmen.Exhaust systems for motorcycles operated by internal combustion engines, in which sensors are used to measure the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, are for example the publications JP 2016 183652 A , EP 3 064 722 A1 , JP 2017 110616 A and JP 2003 206784 A refer to.

Um einen emissionsarmen Betrieb eines Motorrads mit einer Brennkraftmaschine zu gewährleisten, ist es notwendig, das von der Brennkraftmaschine produzierte Abgas über Abgasreinigungsanlage, wie z. B. einen Katalysator zu reinigen. Um dies effizient zu gestalten werden deshalb vor dem Katalysator bestimmte Werte des Abgases mit einer sogenannten Lambdasonde (Sauerstoffsonde) gemessen. Dabei findet jedoch keine Validierung zur Qualität der Abgasreinigung statt. Zudem ist dieser für Einspurfahrzeuge bekannte Stand der Technik bei weitem nicht ausreichend für zukünftige Abgasnormen wie beispielsweise der EU 5 Norm für Einspurfahrzeuge.In order to ensure low-emission operation of a motorcycle with an internal combustion engine, it is necessary to remove the exhaust gas produced by the internal combustion engine via an exhaust gas cleaning system such. B. to clean a catalyst. In order to make this efficient, certain values of the exhaust gas are measured with a so-called lambda probe (oxygen probe) in front of the catalytic converter. However, there is no validation of the quality of the exhaust gas cleaning. In addition this prior art known for single-track vehicles is far from sufficient for future emission standards such as the EU 5 standard for single-track vehicles.

In nachteiliger Weise ist bis heute keine Validierung der Qualität der Abgasreinigung für Einspurfahrzeuge bekannt oder möglich. Diese erfüllen somit auch nicht zukünftige Abgasnormen wie beispielsweise die EU 5 Norm.Disadvantageously, no validation of the quality of exhaust gas cleaning for single-track vehicles is known or possible to this day. These therefore also do not meet future emission standards such as the EU 5 standard.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Maßnahme aufzuzeigen, um für Einspurfahrzeuge oben genannte Nachteile zu vermeiden.The object of the present invention is to indicate a measure to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above for single-track vehicles.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is solved by the features in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

Ziel der Erfindung ist es, die schädlichen Emissionen von Brennkraftmaschinen für Einspurfahrzeuge, wie z. B. Motorräder weiter zu reduzieren. Dabei wird erfindungsgemäß die Qualität der Abgasreinigung während des Betriebs geprüft. Dies ist über eine ideale Platzierung von zwei Lambdasonden im Abgasstrom der Brennkraftmaschine realisiert.The aim of the invention is to reduce harmful emissions from internal combustion engines for single-track vehicles such. B. to further reduce motorcycles. According to the invention, the quality of the exhaust gas cleaning is checked during operation. This is achieved by ideally placing two lambda sensors in the exhaust gas flow of the internal combustion engine.

Die Strömungsmuster des Abgases, das direkt aus der Brennkraftmaschine austritt, sind auch aufgrund der Geometrie des Abgassystems vergleichsweise kompliziert und weisen mit zunehmender Strömungslänge höhere Inhomogenität auf. Es ist dabei vorteilhaft, die erste Lambdasonde möglichst nah am Auslass der Brennkraftmaschine (zylinderkopfnah) zu platzieren. Dieser Abstand soll maximal dem zehnfachen des Durchmessers der Auslassöffnung im Zylinderkopf der Brennkraftmaschine entsprechen.The flow pattern of the exhaust gas, which exits directly from the internal combustion engine, is also comparatively complicated due to the geometry of the exhaust system and exhibits greater inhomogeneity with increasing flow length. It is advantageous to place the first lambda probe as close as possible to the outlet of the internal combustion engine (close to the cylinder head). This distance should correspond to a maximum of ten times the diameter of the outlet opening in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine.

Zur Prüfung der Qualität der Abgasreinigung wird erfindungsgemäß die zweite Lambdasonde, auch Monitorsonde genannt, hinter dem Katalysator platziert, welche den gereinigten Abgasstrom misst. Dabei soll der Abstand zwischen der zweiten Lambdasonde und dem Katalysator erfindungsgemäß maximal dem vierfachen des Katalysatordurchmessers entsprechen.According to the invention, the second lambda probe, also known as the monitor probe, is placed behind the catalytic converter to check the quality of the exhaust gas cleaning, and measures the cleaned exhaust gas flow. According to the invention, the distance between the second lambda probe and the catalytic converter should correspond to a maximum of four times the diameter of the catalytic converter.

Dies erlaubt eine deutlich bessere Bauraumausnutzung innerhalb des nicht sichtbaren Bereichs des Einspurfahrzeuges. Insbesondere soll das System auch bei Abgassystemen eingesetzt werden, die einen Schalldämpfer, insbesondere einen Vorschalldämpfer verwenden. Dabei kann der Vorschalldämpfer zwischen der Brennkraftmaschine und ihrer Schwinge platziert werden. Dies gilt insbesondere für Downpipes und senkrecht durchströmte Abgasanlagenbauteile, wie z. B. Katalysatoren und Schalldämpfer zwischen Hinterrad und Schwinge des Einspurfahrzeuges. Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung führt zu einer besseren Abgasmessung und deshalb zu einem umweltfreundlicheren Betrieb des Einspurfahrzeuges. Darüber hinaus werden in vorteilhafter Weise zukünftige Abgasnormen erfüllt, bei gleichzeitiger Ausnutzung von vorhandenem Bauraum im nicht sichtbaren Bereich des Einspurfahrzeuges, was zu einer deutlich verbesserten Package-Verträglichkeit führt.This allows a significantly better use of space within the non-visible area of the single-track vehicle. In particular, the system should also be used in exhaust systems that use a muffler, in particular a front muffler. The front silencer can be placed between the internal combustion engine and its swing arm. This applies in particular to downpipes and exhaust system components with vertical flow, e.g. B. Catalytic converters and silencers between the rear wheel and swingarm of the single-track vehicle. The configuration according to the invention leads to better exhaust gas measurement and therefore to more environmentally friendly operation of the single-track vehicle. In addition, future emission standards are met in an advantageous manner, while at the same time the available installation space in the non-visible area of the single-track vehicle is used, which leads to significantly improved package compatibility.

Im Folgenden ist die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in einer einzigen Figur näher erläutert.

Figur 1
zeigt eine Aufsicht auf eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einer nicht erfindungsgemäßen Abgasanlage.
The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment in a single figure.
figure 1
shows a top view of an internal combustion engine with an exhaust system not according to the invention.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Aufsicht auf eine Brennkraftmaschine 2 mit einer Abgasanlage 1 für ein Einspurfahrzeug, wie beispielsweise ein Motorrad, ein Moped, ein Mokick oder ein Mofa. figure 1 shows a top view of an internal combustion engine 2 with an exhaust system 1 for a single-track vehicle, such as a motorcycle, a moped, a moped or a moped.

Die Brennkraftmaschine 2 weist einen Zylinderkopf 3 auf, an dessen nicht bezifferten Abgasauslass eine Abgasanlage 1 angeordnet ist. Die Abgasanlage 1 besteht im Wesentlichen aus einem nicht bezifferten Abgasrohr, in dem zylinderkopfnah eine erste Lambdasonde 4 (Sauerstoffsonde) angeordnet ist. Die erste Lambdasonde 4 befindet sich zwischen dem Zylinderkopf 3 und einer Abgasreinigungsanlage 5. Die Abgasreinigungsanlage 5, wie z. B. einem Dreiwege-Katalysator, ist im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel von einem zusätzlichen, nicht bezifferten Blechkleid als Hitzeschutz ummantelt. Eine Strömungsrichtung des Abgases ist durch zwei Pfeile dargestellt.The internal combustion engine 2 has a cylinder head 3, at the unnumbered exhaust outlet of which an exhaust system 1 is arranged. The exhaust system 1 consists essentially of an unnumbered exhaust pipe in which a first lambda probe 4 (oxygen probe) is arranged close to the cylinder head. The first lambda probe 4 is located between the cylinder head 3 and an emission control system 5. The emission control system 5, such as. B. a three-way catalytic converter is encased in the present embodiment by an additional, unnumbered sheet metal dress as heat protection. A flow direction of the exhaust gas is represented by two arrows.

In Strömungsrichtung des Abgases ist nach der Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung 5 eine zweite Lambdasonde 6 (Sauerstoffsonde) in der Abgasanlage 1 angeordnet. Erfindungsgemäß ist die zweite Lambdasonde 6 höchstens dem vierfachen Durchmesser der Abgasreinigungsanlage 5 von der Abgasreinigungsanlage 5 entfernt in der Abgasanlage 1 angeordnet. Der Durchmesser der Abgasreinigungsanlage 5 ist der Durchmesser des katalytisch beschichteten Monolithen, ohne seiner Ummantelung. Der Durchmesser gilt für den Querschnitt kreisrunder Abgasreinigungsanlagen 5. Bei im Querschnitt ovalen Abgasreinigungsanlagen 5 gilt der Abstand des vierfachen des größten Durchmessers des katalytisch beschichteten Monolithen.A second lambda probe 6 (oxygen probe) is arranged in the exhaust gas system 1 after the exhaust gas cleaning device 5 in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. According to the invention, the second lambda probe 6 is arranged in the exhaust system 1 at a maximum distance of four times the diameter of the exhaust gas cleaning system 5 from the exhaust gas cleaning system 5 . The diameter of the emission control system 5 is the diameter of the catalytically coated monolith without its casing. The diameter applies to the cross section of circular exhaust gas cleaning systems 5. In the case of exhaust gas cleaning systems 5 with an oval cross section, the distance is four times the largest diameter of the catalytically coated monolith.

Erfindungsgemäss ist zwischen dem Zylinderkopf 3 und der ersten Lambdasonde 4 ein, in dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel nicht dargestellter Schalldämpfer, angeordnet. Dieser Schalldämpfer ist bevorzugt ein Vorschalldämpfer.According to the invention, a silencer, not shown in the present exemplary embodiment, is arranged between the cylinder head 3 and the first lambda probe 4 . This silencer is preferably a pre-silencer.

Die zylinderkopfnahe Positionierung der ersten Lambdasonde 4 bedeutet, dass die erste Lambdasonde 4 höchstens den zehnfachen Durchmesser des Abgasauslasses in dem Zylinderkopf 3 von dem Zylinderkopf 3 entfernt in der Abgasanlage 1 angeordnet ist.The positioning of the first lambda probe 4 close to the cylinder head means that the first lambda probe 4 is arranged in the exhaust system 1 at a maximum distance of ten times the diameter of the exhaust gas outlet in the cylinder head 3 from the cylinder head 3 .

In einer weiteren Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist der Schalldämpfer zwischen der Brennkraftmaschine und einer Schwinge eines nicht dargestellten Einspurfahrzeuges angeordnet.In a further development of the invention, the silencer is arranged between the internal combustion engine and a rocker arm of a single-track vehicle (not shown).

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Abgasanlage 1 führt zu einer verbesserten Abgasmessung und somit zu einem deutlich umweltfreundlicheren Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine 2. Darüber hinaus ist es möglich zukünftige Abgasnormen, wie beispielsweise Euro 5, für Einspurfahrzeuge zu erfüllen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Ausnutzung von vorhandenem Bauraum im Nicht-Sichtbereich, bei bestmöglicher Package-Verträglichkeit.The configuration of the exhaust system 1 according to the invention leads to improved exhaust gas measurement and thus to a significantly more environmentally friendly operation of the internal combustion engine 2. It is also possible to meet future exhaust gas standards, such as Euro 5, for single-track vehicles. The use of available installation space in the non-visible area is particularly advantageous with the best possible package compatibility.

BezugszeichenlisteReference List

11
Abgasanlageexhaust system
22
Brennkraftmaschineinternal combustion engine
33
Zylinderkopfcylinder head
44
erste Lambdasondefirst lambda probe
5.5.
Abgasreinigungsanlageemission control system
6.6.
zweite Lambdasondesecond lambda probe

Claims (4)

  1. Single-track vehicle with an exhaust gas system (1) for an internal combustion engine (2), it being possible for the exhaust gas system (1) to be arranged at an exhaust gas outlet of a cylinder head (3) of the internal combustion engine (2), and a first lambda probe (4) which is close to the cylinder head being provided in the exhaust gas system (1), which first lambda probe (4) is arranged upstream of an exhaust gas purification system (5) in the flow direction of an exhaust gas, a second lambda probe (6) being provided in the exhaust gas system (1) downstream of the exhaust gas purification system (5) in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, characterized in that the second lambda probe (6) is arranged in the exhaust gas system (1) at a distance from the exhaust gas purification system (5) by at most four times the diameter of the exhaust gas purification system (5), characterized in that a silencer is arranged between the cylinder head (3) and the first lambda probe (4).
  2. Single-track vehicle according to Patent Claim 1, characterized in that the silencer is a front silencer.
  3. Single-track vehicle according to either of Patent Claims 1 or 2,
    characterized in that the first lambda probe (4) is arranged in the exhaust gas system (1) at a distance from the cylinder head (3) of at most ten times the diameter of the exhaust gas outlet.
  4. Single-track vehicle with an exhaust gas system according to one of Patent Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that the silencer is arranged between the internal combustion engine and a swing arm of the single-track vehicle.
EP18729938.3A 2017-07-19 2018-06-06 Exhaust gas system for an internal combustion engine Active EP3655634B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102017212307.9A DE102017212307A1 (en) 2017-07-19 2017-07-19 Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine
PCT/EP2018/064811 WO2019015845A1 (en) 2017-07-19 2018-06-06 Exhaust gas system for an internal combustion engine

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EP3655634A1 EP3655634A1 (en) 2020-05-27
EP3655634B1 true EP3655634B1 (en) 2023-05-03

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US (1) US11421576B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3655634B1 (en)
CN (1) CN110612384A (en)
DE (1) DE102017212307A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2019015845A1 (en)

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US11808187B2 (en) 2021-03-01 2023-11-07 Caterpillar Inc. Noise attenuation components

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WO2019015845A1 (en) 2019-01-24
US20200049055A1 (en) 2020-02-13
US11421576B2 (en) 2022-08-23
EP3655634A1 (en) 2020-05-27
DE102017212307A1 (en) 2019-01-24

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