EP3650954A1 - Governor for a watch - Google Patents
Governor for a watch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3650954A1 EP3650954A1 EP18205441.1A EP18205441A EP3650954A1 EP 3650954 A1 EP3650954 A1 EP 3650954A1 EP 18205441 A EP18205441 A EP 18205441A EP 3650954 A1 EP3650954 A1 EP 3650954A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- regulating member
- axis
- cage
- balance
- axial direction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012550 audit Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 9
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005021 gait Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010054197 Gait deviation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001955 cumulated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/12—Adjusting; Restricting the amplitude of the lever or the like
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
- G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B33/00—Calibers
- G04B33/08—Calibers in which the gear train is arranged in different planes, e.g. parallel or inclined to each other
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
- G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
- G04C3/06—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance
- G04C3/065—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance the balance controlling gear-train by means of static switches, e.g. transistor circuits
- G04C3/066—Constructional details, e.g. disposition of coils
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04C5/00—Electric or magnetic means for converting oscillatory to rotary motion in time-pieces, i.e. electric or magnetic escapements
- G04C5/005—Magnetic or electromagnetic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/06—Free escapements
- G04B15/08—Lever escapements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/28—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of imbalance of the weights, e.g. tourbillon
- G04B17/285—Tourbillons or carrousels
Definitions
- the invention relates to a regulating member for a watch comprising a fixed structure extending substantially perpendicular to an axial direction, said regulating member comprising a regulating member with a balance arranged to pivot about a balance axis.
- the invention also relates to a watch comprising such a regulating member.
- the invention relates to the field of regulating members for watches.
- the invention aims to further improve the chronometric properties of the regulating organs, in particular but not limited to whirlwinds or carousels, by adopting particular geometries of the pivot axes of the various mobiles, in combination with the adoption of means of magnetic pivoting, at least at the level of the inertial mass of the resonator, in particular a pendulum.
- the invention relates to a regulating member for a watch, according to claim 1.
- the invention also relates to a watch comprising such a regulating member.
- the figure 1 presents, very schematically, a watch 1000, which has a fixed structure 100, typically composed of a plate and bridges.
- This fixed structure 100 conventionally extends substantially along a plane intended to tangent the wrist of a user for a wristwatch, or to tangent the body or a garment of the user in the case of a pocket watch.
- This fixed structure 100 extends substantially perpendicular to an axial direction D0.
- this axial direction D0 is that of the axes of the displays such as needles or discs, and it is also the direction of most of the mobiles contained in a watch movement.
- the figure 1 has only part of the regulating member, in this case an inertial mass, here a balance 1, which is returned to a rest position by elastic return means not shown, such as a spiral spring or flexible blades.
- This pendulum 1 pivots around a pendulum axis D1, which here is parallel, or substantially parallel, to the axial direction D0.
- substantially parallel here is meant that the axial direction D0 and the direction of the pendulum axis D1, reported at the same point, are included in a cone with a total angle at the top less than 10 °.
- the figure 2 presents the typical chronometric properties of a resonator with magnetic pivoting of the balance.
- the standard positions VB, VH, VD, VG, HH and HB are shown on the figure 1 , with reference to an XYZ trihedron whose Z axis corresponds to the gravity field.
- This figure 2 shows relatively small gait differences between the different chronometric positions, with a maximum amplitude of approximately 7 seconds per day, and with a small drift during the disarming time of the barrel, of the order of 3 seconds per day (included in the previous 7 seconds per day). These values represent significant progress compared to a traditional pivot resonator.
- We can see that the greatest gait deviations logically correspond to the measurements made according to the direction of the gravity field, HH and HB.
- the other running values are very close to each other, and converge towards a low common value, between 1 second per day and two seconds per day, towards the end of disarming the barrel.
- the figure 3 indicates the main elements of the architecture of this regulating organ mechanism 30, with the shaft 2 of the pendulum 1 pivoted in cooperation with magnets 3 and 5 housed at the level of solid elements 4 and 6 of the structure 100.
- the balance 1 conventionally comprises a twill 9, supporting micrometric adjustment members not shown.
- the pendulum 1 comprises plates arranged to cooperate with the fork and the stinger of a retainer 7, in particular an anchor, pivotally mounted around an anchor axis DA; this anchor conventionally cooperates with an exhaust mobile 8, here an escape wheel, pivotally mounted around an exhaust axis DE.
- the vertical positions can be adjusted precisely, by adjusting the balance imbalance, in particular by the adjustment screws on the clamp.
- the steps in these positions are therefore grouped in a relatively limited interval ( ⁇ 2 seconds / day, even ⁇ 1 second / day).
- the "horizontal high HH" and “horizontal low HB” positions are practically not adjustable. Indeed, in one of these positions, the weight of the balance adds to the axial magnetic force while in the other position, the weight subtracts from the axial magnetic force. This results in a slight difference in gait between these two positions.
- the chronometric assessment is therefore as follows: grouped vertical steps, and the HH and HB positions are discarded.
- the figure 5 presents the typical chronometric properties of a resonator with magnetic pivoting of the balance 1 placed in a tourbillon 10 according to a conventional architecture, visible on the figure 4 , so that the balance axis D1 is parallel to the axial direction D0, to which the axis DC of the cage 11 of the tourbillon 10 is also parallel, as visible on the figure 6 .
- the shaft 2 of the pendulum 1 cooperates with magnets 3 and 5 which are this time housed in hubs 12 and 13 of the cage 11, which hubs are pivoted at the level of pivots 14 and 15 in the structure 100.
- the cage 11 carries the stop 7 and the exhaust mobile 8, the latter cooperates by meshing with a fixed wheel 16.
- the vortex by its rotation, averages the vertical positions.
- the invention therefore endeavors to develop more judicious configurations, so that the tourbillon, by its rotation, averages the HH, HB positions as well as two other vertical positions.
- the figures 7 to 13 illustrate two advantageous variants of the invention.
- the figures 7 to 9 relate to a first variant, comprising a balance wheel 1 on magnetic pivots, with a tourbillon 10 whose cage axis DC is substantially in the plane of watch 1000, therefore perpendicular to the axial direction D0, and where the balance axis D1 is out of the plane of the watch, in particular but not limited to parallel to the axial direction D0.
- the figure 8 presents the typical chronometric properties of a resonator with magnetic pivoting of the balance placed in a tourbillon according to this modified architecture: cage axis DC in the plane of the watch, balance axis outside the plane of the watch.
- the figure 9 indicates the main elements of the architecture of this mechanism.
- the exhaust mobile 8 meshes with a fixed wheel 17 which has changed orientation relative to that of the figure 6 , since this fixed wheel 16 now extends in the thickness of the watch, and no longer flat.
- the vortex 10 by its rotation, averages the positions HH, HB and two other vertical positions.
- the figures 10 to 13 relate to a second variant, comprising a balance 1 on magnetic pivots, with a tourbillon 10 whose cage axis DC is substantially out of the plane of the watch, and the balance axis D1 in the plane of the watch.
- the figure 11 presents the typical chronometric properties of an oscillator with magnetic pivoting of the balance 1 placed in a tourbillon 10 according to this modified architecture: cage axis DC outside the plane of the watch, axis of the balance D1 in the plane of the watch.
- the pendulum axis no longer being outside the plane of the watch in a conventional manner, the chronometric positions are no longer equivalent with the three previous cases.
- the positions HH and HB correspond to an averaging of the positions where the pendulum axis is horizontal.
- the vortex 10 averages the positions where the balance 1 is coaxial with the earth's gravity field (equivalent HH and HB of the figure 2 ) as well as two positions where gravity is perpendicular to Earth's gravity.
- This tourbillon very clearly improves the chronometric balance of this system. Depending on its size, its vertical size can be significant, which then reserves the use for thick watches, typically large complications. However, the improvement in chronometric properties is such that the invention makes it possible to reduce the diameters of the balance and the cage, in order to restrict the total size, and make the vertical size of such a tourbillon compatible with any Huawei horlogerie watch.
- the figure 15 constitutes a particular example of geometry.
- exhaust line may include one or more square or oblique references. This also makes the whole mechanism very compact.
- the invention relates to a regulating member 30 for a watch 1000 comprising a fixed structure 100 extending substantially perpendicularly to an axial direction D0.
- This regulating member 30 comprises a regulating member with a pendulum 1 arranged to pivot around a pendulum axis D1.
- this pendulum 1 is pivoted by magnetic pivots, or directly in said fixed structure 100 which carries magnets 3, 5, which are arranged to give the pendulum axis D1 an oblique or perpendicular orientation relative to in the axial direction D0, or else in a cage 11, arranged to pivot about a cage axis DC, and which comprises a device for canceling the step deviation in the vertical positions 10, constituted by a vortex or a carousel, which comprises the regulating member 30, and the cage 11 carrying magnets 3, 5, defining the balance axis D1 perpendicular or oblique with respect to the axis of cage DC.
- the pendulum 1 is pivoted by such magnetic pivots in such a cage 11, the cage axis DC of which is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the axial direction D0. More particularly, this axis of cage DC is perpendicular to the axial direction D0.
- the balance 1 is pivoted by such magnetic pivots in such a cage 11, the cage axis DC of which is parallel or substantially parallel to the axial direction D0. More particularly, the cage axis DC is parallel to the axial direction D0.
- the cage axis DC is perpendicular or oblique to the balance axis D1. More particularly still, in the first or the second variant, the cage axis DC is perpendicular to the balance axis D1.
- the balance 1 is arranged to cooperate indirectly, through a stopper 7, with an exhaust mobile 8 which meshes with a fixed wheel 16.
- the axis of said fixed wheel 16 is perpendicular to the axial direction D0.
- the axis of said fixed wheel 16 is parallel to the axial direction D0.
- the pendulum 1 is pivoted by magnetic pivots directly in the fixed structure 100 which carries magnets 3, 5 arranged to give an oblique orientation to the pendulum axis D1 relative to the axial direction D0, but not perpendicular to this direction axial D0. More in particular, the pendulum 1 is arranged to cooperate indirectly, through a retainer 7, with an exhaust mobile 8 which is arranged to be driven, directly or through a gear train, by energy storage means . More particularly, as visible on the figure 15 , the pendulum 1 is arranged to cooperate obliquely with the retainer 7.
- the invention also relates to a watch 1000 comprising a fixed structure 100 extending substantially perpendicular to an axial direction D0, and such a regulating member 30, and comprising energy storage means arranged to drive, directly or through a gear train, the cage 11 when the regulating member 30 comprises a tourbillon or a carousel, or else the exhaust mobile 8 when the regulating member 30 does not include a tourbillon or carrousel.
- the regulating member 30 is further modified, by replacing the pivots of the balance wheel 1 with magnetic pivots, and / or by inserting the balance wheel 1 into a cage 11 arranged to pivot around a DC axis of the cage, and which comprises a device for canceling the step deviation in the vertical positions 10, constituted by a whirlwind or a carousel, which is incorporated into the regulating member 30.
- the regulating member 30 when the regulating member 30 is modified by inserting the balance 1 into a cage 11, the cage 11 is fitted with magnets 3, 5, constituting magnetic pivots and defining the balance axis D1 perpendicular or oblique by relative to the DC cage axis.
- a modification of the exhaust line is also carried out by incorporating one or more square or oblique references, between the anchor and the balance plate and / or between the anchor and the escape wheel and / or between the escape wheel and the fixed second wheel.
- the main effect of the magnetic pivots is to group the walking curves in vertical positions, with substantially linear walking curves and with a small drift, and, when this arrangement is cumulated with an oblique orientation of the axis pendulum, the walking curves in all positions are both substantially close to each other, with linear gaits, and curves corresponding to the vertical positions almost confused.
- the rotation of the average cage at least partially positions where the earth's gravity is coaxial with the pendulum axis (magnetic).
- the chronometric balance of the regulating organ is better in all positions of the watch.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
- Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)
Abstract
Organe réglant (30) pour une montre (1000) comportant une structure fixe (100) s'étendant sensiblement perpendiculairement à une direction axiale (D0), cet organe réglant (30) comportant un organe régulateur avec un balancier (1) agencé pour pivoter autour d'un axe de balancier (D1), ce balancier (1) est pivoté par des pivots magnétiques, ou bien directement dans la structure fixe (100) qui porte des aimants (3, 5) agencés pour donner une orientation oblique ou perpendiculaire à l'axe de balancier (D1) par rapport à la direction axiale (D0), ou bien dans une cage (11), agencée pour pivoter autour d'un axe de cage (DC), et que comporte un dispositif d'annulation d'écart de marche dans les positions verticales (10), constitué par un tourbillon ou un carrousel, que comporte l'organe réglant (30), et la cage (11) portant des aimants (3, 5) définissant l'axe de balancier (D1) perpendiculaire ou oblique par rapport à l'axe de cage (DC).Regulating member (30) for a watch (1000) comprising a fixed structure (100) extending substantially perpendicular to an axial direction (D0), this regulating member (30) comprising a regulating member with a balance (1) arranged to pivot around a pendulum axis (D1), this pendulum (1) is pivoted by magnetic pivots, or else directly in the fixed structure (100) which carries magnets (3, 5) arranged to give an oblique or perpendicular orientation to the pendulum axis (D1) relative to the axial direction (D0), or else in a cage (11), arranged to pivot around a cage axis (DC), and which includes a cancellation device step deviation in the vertical positions (10), constituted by a vortex or a carousel, which comprises the regulating member (30), and the cage (11) carrying magnets (3, 5) defining the axis of pendulum (D1) perpendicular or oblique to the cage axis (DC).
Description
L'invention concerne un organe réglant pour une montre comportant une structure fixe s'étendant sensiblement perpendiculairement à une direction axiale, ledit organe réglant comportant un organe régulateur avec un balancier agencé pour pivoter autour d'un axe de balancier.The invention relates to a regulating member for a watch comprising a fixed structure extending substantially perpendicular to an axial direction, said regulating member comprising a regulating member with a balance arranged to pivot about a balance axis.
L'invention concerne encore une montre comportant un tel organe réglant.The invention also relates to a watch comprising such a regulating member.
L'invention concerne le domaine des organes réglants pour montres.The invention relates to the field of regulating members for watches.
La recherche des meilleures performances chronométriques est une préoccupation constante des grandes maisons horlogères. Il s'agit essentiellement de garantir une constance de la marche, quelle que soit la position géométrique d'une montre dans l'espace et par rapport au champ de pesanteur.The search for the best chronometric performances is a constant concern of the big watchmaking houses. It is essentially a question of guaranteeing a constancy of the walk, whatever the geometrical position of a watch in space and compared to the gravity field.
L'invention du tourbillon par Abraham-Louis Breguet en 1901, et ses perfectionnements, ainsi que l'invention des carrousels, notamment développés par Bonniksen à l'aube du XXème siècle, ont permis de formidables avancées.The invention of the tourbillon by Abraham-Louis Breguet in 1901, and its improvements, as well as the invention of the carousels, in particular developed by Bonniksen at the dawn of the 20th century, allowed tremendous advances.
Ces mécanismes ont été sans cesse perfectionnés, comme les tourbillons inclinés, qui comportent toujours un pivotement classique de l'axe de balancier.These mechanisms have been constantly improved, like inclined tourbillons, which always include a classic pivoting of the balance axis.
Et la réduction des dernières secondes par jour d'écart de marche reste un objectif bien difficile à atteindre.And reducing the last few seconds per day of walking distance remains a very difficult goal to achieve.
L'invention vise à améliorer encore les propriétés chronométriques des organes réglants, notamment mais non limitativement en ce qui concerne des tourbillons ou des carrousels, en adoptant des géométries particulières des axes de pivotement des différents mobiles, en combinaison avec l'adoption de moyens de pivotement magnétique, au moins au niveau de la masse inertielle du résonateur, notamment un balancier.The invention aims to further improve the chronometric properties of the regulating organs, in particular but not limited to whirlwinds or carousels, by adopting particular geometries of the pivot axes of the various mobiles, in combination with the adoption of means of magnetic pivoting, at least at the level of the inertial mass of the resonator, in particular a pendulum.
Ainsi, l'invention concerne un organe réglant pour montre, selon la revendication 1.Thus, the invention relates to a regulating member for a watch, according to
L'invention concerne encore une montre comportant un tel organe réglant.The invention also relates to a watch comprising such a regulating member.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, en référence aux dessins annexés, où :
- la
figure 1 représente, de façon schématisée, unemontre 1000, qui comporte une structure fixe, qui s'étend sensiblement selon un plan et perpendiculairement à une direction axiale ; un organe comporte un balancier pivotant autour d'un axe de balancier parallèle à la direction axiale ; - la
figure 2 est un diagramme de marche, qui présente les propriétés chronométriques typiques d'un résonateur avec pivotement magnétique du balancier, en fonction du temps en abscisse, avec l'écart de marche en ordonnée, en secondes par jour ; les positions normalisées VB, VH, VD, VG, HH et HB sont indiquées sur lafigure 1 , en référence à un trièdre XYZ dont l'axe Z correspond au champ de gravité ; - la
figure 3 représente, de façon schématisée et en coupe, l'organe réglant du mécanisme desfigures 1 et 2 ; - la
figure 4 représente, de façon schématisée, similaire à lafigure 1 , un mécanisme comportant un tourbillon classique, dont l'axe de cage est, comme l'axe de balancier, parallèle à la direction axiale ; - la
figure 5 est un diagramme de marche, similaire à lafigure 2 , propre au mécanisme de lafigure 4 , simplifié avec une courbe de marche V qui est la moyenne des marches mesurées dans les positions verticales ; - la
figure 6 représente, de façon similaire à lafigure 3 , l'organe réglant du mécanisme desfigures 4 et 5 ; - la
figure 7 représente, de façon schématisée, similaire à lafigure 1 , un mécanisme comportant une première variante de l'invention, avec un tourbillon dont l'axe de cage est perpendiculaire à la direction axiale et dont l'axe de balancier est parallèle à la direction axiale ; - la
figure 8 est un diagramme de marche, similaire à lafigure 2 , propre au mécanisme de lafigure 7 , simplifié avec une courbe de marche M qui est la moyenne des marches mesurées dans les positions verticales ; - la
figure 9 représente, de façon similaire à lafigure 3 , l'organe réglant du mécanisme desfigures 7 et 8 ; - la
figure 10 représente, de façon schématisée, similaire à lafigure 1 , un mécanisme comportant une deuxième variante de l'invention, avec un tourbillon dont l'axe de cage est parallèle à la direction axiale et dont l'axe de balancier est perpendiculaire à la direction axiale ; - la
figure 11 est un diagramme de marche, similaire à lafigure 2 , propre au mécanisme de lafigure 10 , simplifié avec une courbe de marche V qui est la moyenne des marches mesurées dans les positions verticales ; - la
figure 12 est une vue similaire à lafigure 10 montrant la montre dans une position verticale ; - la
figure 13 représente, de façon similaire à lafigure 3 , l'organe réglant du mécanisme desfigures 10 à 12 ; - la
figure 14 représente, de façon schématisée, similaire à lafigure 1 , un mécanisme comportant une autre variante de l'invention, avec un balancier dont l'axe de balancier est oblique par rapport à la direction axiale ; - la
figure 15 représente, de façon similaire à lafigure 3 , l'organe réglant du mécanisme de lafigures 14 ; - la
figure 16 est un diagramme de marche, similaire à celui de lafigure 2 , dans le cas d'une montre classique avec organe réglant à pivots mécaniques ; - la
figure 17 est un schéma-blocs représentant une montre comportant un tel organe réglant.
- the
figure 1 shows, schematically, awatch 1000, which has a fixed structure, which extends substantially in a plane and perpendicular to an axial direction; a member comprises a pendulum pivoting about a pendulum axis parallel to the axial direction; - the
figure 2 is a walking diagram, which presents the chronometric properties typical of a resonator with magnetic pivoting of the balance, as a function of time on the abscissa, with the walking distance on the ordinate, in seconds per day; the standard positions VB, VH, VD, VG, HH and HB are indicated on thefigure 1 , with reference to an XYZ trihedron whose Z axis corresponds to the gravity field; - the
figure 3 represents, schematically and in section, the regulating organ of the mechanism ofFigures 1 and 2 ; - the
figure 4 represents, schematically, similar to thefigure 1 , a mechanism comprising a conventional tourbillon, the cage axis of which is, like the balance axis, parallel to the axial direction; - the
figure 5 is a flow diagram, similar to thefigure 2 , specific to the mechanism offigure 4 , simplified with a walking curve V which is the average of the steps measured in the vertical positions; - the
figure 6 represents, similarly to thefigure 3 , the regulating organ of thefigures 4 and 5 ; - the
figure 7 represents, schematically, similar to thefigure 1 , a mechanism comprising a first variant of the invention, with a vortex whose cage axis is perpendicular to the axial direction and whose pendulum axis is parallel to the axial direction; - the
figure 8 is a flow diagram, similar to thefigure 2 , specific to the mechanism offigure 7 , simplified with a walking curve M which is the average of the steps measured in the vertical positions; - the
figure 9 represents, similarly to thefigure 3 , the regulating organ of theFigures 7 and 8 ; - the
figure 10 represents, schematically, similar to thefigure 1 , a mechanism comprising a second variant of the invention, with a vortex the cage axis of which is parallel to the axial direction and the pendulum axis of which is perpendicular to the axial direction; - the
figure 11 is a flow diagram, similar to thefigure 2 , specific to the mechanism offigure 10 , simplified with a walking curve V which is the average of the steps measured in the vertical positions; - the
figure 12 is a view similar to thefigure 10 showing the watch in an upright position; - the
figure 13 represents, similarly to thefigure 3 , the regulating organ of thefigures 10 to 12 ; - the
figure 14 represents, schematically, similar to thefigure 1 , a mechanism comprising another variant of the invention, with a pendulum whose pendulum axis is oblique to the axial direction; - the
figure 15 represents, similarly to thefigure 3 , the regulating organ of thefigures 14 ; - the
figure 16 is a flow diagram, similar to that of thefigure 2 , in the case of a classic watch with regulating member with mechanical pivots; - the
figure 17 is a block diagram representing a watch comprising such a regulating member.
La
Cette structure fixe 100 s'étend classiquement sensiblement selon un plan destiné à tangenter le poignet d'un utilisateur pour une montre-bracelet, ou à tangenter le corps ou un vêtement de l'utilisateur dans le cas d'une montre de poche. Cette structure fixe 100 s'étend sensiblement perpendiculairement à une direction axiale D0. Dans la plupart des montres, cette direction axiale D0 est celle des axes des afficheurs tels qu'aiguilles ou disques, et elle est aussi la direction de la plupart des mobiles que renferme un mouvement de montre.This
La
Les pivots magnétiques, présentés en 2011 par Montres Breguet SA, ont constitué une révolution horlogère, qui apporte une contribution essentielle à la chronométrie.The magnetic pivots, presented in 2011 by Montres Breguet SA, constituted a watchmaking revolution, which makes an essential contribution to chronometry.
La
La
Concernant les propriétés chronométriques, les positions verticales peuvent être réglées précisément, via le réglage du balourd du balancier, notamment par les vis de réglage sur la serge. Les marches dans ces positions sont donc groupées dans un intervalle relativement restreint (±2 secondes/jour, voire ± 1 seconde/jour).Regarding the chronometric properties, the vertical positions can be adjusted precisely, by adjusting the balance imbalance, in particular by the adjustment screws on the clamp. The steps in these positions are therefore grouped in a relatively limited interval (± 2 seconds / day, even ± 1 second / day).
Les positions « horizontale haut HH » et « horizontal bas HB » ne sont pratiquement pas réglables. En effet, dans une de ces positions, le poids du balancier s'ajoute à la force magnétique axiale tandis que dans l'autre position, le poids se soustrait à la force magnétique axiale. Il en résulte une légère différence de marche entre ces deux positions.The "horizontal high HH" and "horizontal low HB" positions are practically not adjustable. Indeed, in one of these positions, the weight of the balance adds to the axial magnetic force while in the other position, the weight subtracts from the axial magnetic force. This results in a slight difference in gait between these two positions.
En somme, le bilan chronométrique est donc le suivant : des marches verticales groupées, et les positions HH et HB sont écartées.In summary, the chronometric assessment is therefore as follows: grouped vertical steps, and the HH and HB positions are discarded.
Ces constatations sont observées statistiquement sur les relevés chronométriques en production.These observations are observed statistically on the chronometric records in production.
Une autre solution, dans la tradition de la Manufacture Breguet, est d'utiliser un tourbillon. Ce cas est expliqué ci-dessous et différencié en trois variantes principales selon les orientations respectives des différents axes des différents mobiles, et qui sont illustrées aux
La
Le tourbillon 10, par sa rotation, moyenne les positions verticales.The
En analysant les propriétés chronométriques du balancier seul, selon la
L'invention s'attache donc à développer des configurations plus judicieuses, de façon à ce que le tourbillon, par sa rotation, moyenne les positions HH, HB ainsi que deux autres positions verticales. Les
Les
La
En analysant les propriétés chronométriques du balancier 1 seul, selon la
Les
La
Dans cette construction très avantageuse, les positions HH et HB correspondent à un moyennage des positions où l'axe de balancier est horizontal. Lorsque la montre est en vertical, comme indiqué sur la
Ce tourbillon améliore très nettement le bilan chronométrique de ce système. Selon son dimensionnement, son encombrement vertical peut se révéler important, ce qui en réserve alors l'emploi à des montres de forte épaisseur, typiquement des grandes complications. Toutefois l'amélioration des propriétés chronométriques est telle que l'invention permet de réduire les diamètres de balancier et de cage, pour restreindre l'encombrement total, et rendre l'encombrement vertical d'un tel tourbillon compatible avec toute montre de haute horlogerie.This tourbillon very clearly improves the chronometric balance of this system. Depending on its size, its vertical size can be significant, which then reserves the use for thick watches, typically large complications. However, the improvement in chronometric properties is such that the invention makes it possible to reduce the diameters of the balance and the cage, in order to restrict the total size, and make the vertical size of such a tourbillon compatible with any haute horlogerie watch.
Cette configuration favorable d'un axe de balancier D1 dans le plan incite à considérer d'autres variantes sans tourbillon, plus économiques, en positionnant l'axe de balancier D1 incliné par rapport à la direction axiale D0. Les
La
On comprend que la ligne d'échappement peut comporter un ou plusieurs renvois d'équerre ou obliques. Ceci permet aussi de rendre l'ensemble du mécanisme très compact.It is understood that the exhaust line may include one or more square or oblique references. This also makes the whole mechanism very compact.
Différentes configurations de renvoi, à 90° ou à un angle quelconque, sont utilisables :
- entre l'ancre et le plateau de balancier ;
- et/ou entre l'ancre et la roue d'échappement ;
- et/ou entre la roue d'échappement et la roue de seconde fixe.
- between the anchor and the balance plate;
- and / or between the anchor and the escape wheel;
- and / or between the escape wheel and the fixed second wheel.
Ainsi, l'invention concerne un organe réglant 30 pour une montre 1000 comportant une structure fixe 100 s'étendant sensiblement perpendiculairement à une direction axiale D0. Cet organe réglant 30 comporte un organe régulateur avec un balancier 1 agencé pour pivoter autour d'un axe de balancier D1.Thus, the invention relates to a regulating
Selon l'invention, ce balancier 1 est pivoté par des pivots magnétiques, ou bien directement dans ladite structure fixe 100 qui porte des aimants 3, 5, qui sont agencés pour donner à l'axe de balancier D1 une orientation oblique ou perpendiculaire par rapport à la direction axiale D0, ou bien dans une cage 11, agencée pour pivoter autour d'un axe de cage DC, et que comporte un dispositif d'annulation d'écart de marche dans les positions verticales 10, constitué par un tourbillon ou un carrousel, que comporte l'organe réglant 30, et la cage 11 portant des aimants 3, 5, définissant l'axe de balancier D1 perpendiculaire ou oblique par rapport à l'axe de cage DC.According to the invention, this
Dans la première variante des
Dans la deuxième variante des
Plus particulièrement, dans la première ou la deuxième variante, l'axe de cage DC est perpendiculaire ou oblique à l'axe de balancier D1. Plus particulièrement encore, dans la première ou la deuxième variante, l'axe de cage DC est perpendiculaire à l'axe de balancier D1.More particularly, in the first or second variant, the cage axis DC is perpendicular or oblique to the balance axis D1. More particularly still, in the first or the second variant, the cage axis DC is perpendicular to the balance axis D1.
Plus particulièrement, dans la première ou la deuxième variante, le balancier 1 est agencé pour coopérer indirectement, au travers d'un arrêtoir 7, avec un mobile d'échappement 8 qui engrène avec une roue fixe 16.More particularly, in the first or second variant, the
Plus particulièrement, dans la première variante, l'axe de ladite roue fixe 16 est perpendiculaire à la direction axiale D0.More particularly, in the first variant, the axis of said fixed
Plus particulièrement, dans la deuxième variante, l'axe de ladite roue fixe 16 est parallèle à la direction axiale D0.More particularly, in the second variant, the axis of said fixed
Dans la variante des
L'invention concerne encore une montre 1000 comportant une structure fixe 100 s'étendant sensiblement perpendiculairement à une direction axiale D0, et un tel organe réglant 30, et comportant des moyens de stockage d'énergie agencés pour entraîner, directement ou au travers d'un rouage, la cage 11 quand l'organe réglant 30 comporte un tourbillon ou un carrousel, ou bien le mobile d'échappement 8 quand l'organe réglant 30 ne comporte pas de tourbillon ou de carrousel.The invention also relates to a
L'invention concerne encore un procédé d'optimisation des propriétés chronométriques d'une montre mécanique 1000 comportant une structure fixe 100 s'étendant sensiblement perpendiculairement à une direction axiale D0, et comportant un organe réglant 30 comportant un organe régulateur avec un balancier 1 agencé pour pivoter autour d'un axe de balancier D1, selon lequel procédé :
- on définit des valeurs cibles de marche selon au moins chacune des six positions chronométrique normalisées ;
- on mesure les propriétés chronométriques de la montre 1000 au moins selon les six positions normalisées ;
- on modifie l'organe réglant 30 pour donner à l'axe de balancier D1 une orientation oblique ou perpendiculaire par rapport à la direction axiale D0,
- on effectue une nouvelle mesure des propriétés chronométriques de la montre 1000 au moins selon les six positions normalisées, et on compare les valeurs de marche mesurées aux valeurs cibles ;
- on cesse la modification de l'organe réglant 30 dès que les valeurs de marche mesurées sont inférieures aux valeurs cibles.
- target walking values are defined according to at least each of the six standard chronometric positions;
- the chronometric properties of the
watch 1000 are measured at least according to the six standardized positions; - the regulating
member 30 is modified to give the pendulum axis D1 an oblique or perpendicular orientation relative to the axial direction D0, - a new measurement is made of the chronometric properties of the
watch 1000 at least according to the six standardized positions, and the measured running values are compared with the target values; - the modification of the regulating
member 30 is stopped as soon as the measured walking values are lower than the target values.
Plus particulièrement, quand après la nouvelle mesure les valeurs de marche mesurées sont supérieures aux valeurs cibles, on modifie encore l'organe réglant 30, par remplacement des pivots du balancier 1 par des pivots magnétiques, et/ou par insertion du balancier 1 dans une cage 11 agencée pour pivoter autour d'un axe de cage DC, et que comporte un dispositif d'annulation d'écart de marche dans les positions verticales 10, constitué par un tourbillon ou un carrousel, qu'on incorpore à l'organe réglant 30.More particularly, when, after the new measurement, the measured walking values are greater than the target values, the regulating
Plus particulièrement encore, quand on modifie l'organe réglant 30 par insertion du balancier 1 dans une cage 11, on équipe la cage 11 avec des aimants 3, 5, constituant des pivots magnétiques et définissant l'axe de balancier D1 perpendiculaire ou oblique par rapport à l'axe de cage DC.More particularly still, when the regulating
Plus particulièrement, quand on modifie l'organe réglant 30 par remplacement des pivots du balancier 1 par des pivots magnétiques, on effectue encore une modification de la ligne d'échappement par incorporation d'un ou plusieurs renvois d'équerre ou obliques, entre l'ancre et le plateau de balancier et/ou entre l'ancre et la roue d'échappement et/ou entre la roue d'échappement et la roue de seconde fixe.More particularly, when the regulating
Il convient de noter que, si l'inclinaison de l'axe du balancier D1 par rapport à la direction axiale D0 est favorable pour l'amélioration des propriétés chronométriques d'une montre, le meilleur résultat est atteint avec des pivots magnétiques, dont les diagrammes de marche montrent un bien meilleur groupement dans les positions verticales qu'avec des pivots classiques, une bien moindre variation (vagues des courbes de marche) pendant la durée de réserve de marche qu'avec des pivots classiques, et une faible dérive durant la réserve de marche alors que les marches dérivent sensiblement après 24 h dans le cas d'utilisation de pivots classiques. La comparaison des
Pour simplifier, l'effet principal des pivots magnétiques est de regrouper les courbes de marche dans les positions verticales, avec des courbes de marche sensiblement linéaires et avec une faible dérive, et, quand cette disposition est cumulée avec une orientation oblique de l'axe de balancier, les courbes de marche dans toutes les positions sont à la fois sensiblement rapprochées les unes des autres, avec des allures linéaires, et des courbes correspondant aux positions verticales presque confondues.To simplify, the main effect of the magnetic pivots is to group the walking curves in vertical positions, with substantially linear walking curves and with a small drift, and, when this arrangement is cumulated with an oblique orientation of the axis pendulum, the walking curves in all positions are both substantially close to each other, with linear gaits, and curves corresponding to the vertical positions almost confused.
En somme, dans le cas très favorable de l'utilisation d'un tourbillon avec un nouvel agencement des axes des mobiles, combiné avec l'utilisation de paliers magnétiques, la rotation de la cage moyenne au moins partiellement les positions ou la gravité terrestre est coaxiale avec l'axe de balancier (magnétique).In short, in the very favorable case of the use of a vortex with a new arrangement of the axes of the mobiles, combined with the use of magnetic bearings, the rotation of the average cage at least partially positions where the earth's gravity is coaxial with the pendulum axis (magnetic).
Le bilan chronométrique de l'organe réglant est meilleur dans toutes les positions de la montre.The chronometric balance of the regulating organ is better in all positions of the watch.
Claims (17)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP18205441.1A EP3650954A1 (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2018-11-09 | Governor for a watch |
US16/596,924 US11573530B2 (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2019-10-09 | Adjustment member for watches |
JP2019190904A JP6889765B2 (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2019-10-18 | Coordinating member for portable watches |
CN201911086742.XA CN111176096B (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2019-11-08 | Adjustment assembly for a watch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP18205441.1A EP3650954A1 (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2018-11-09 | Governor for a watch |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3650954A1 true EP3650954A1 (en) | 2020-05-13 |
Family
ID=64270721
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP18205441.1A Pending EP3650954A1 (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2018-11-09 | Governor for a watch |
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US (1) | US11573530B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3650954A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6889765B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN111176096B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114647174A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-06-21 | 爱彼钟表业制造有限公司 | Tourbillon for timepiece movement |
Families Citing this family (1)
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CN113917820B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-09-20 | 得利时钟表(深圳)有限公司 | Watch mechanical movement structure capable of changing position of tourbillon |
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2018
- 2018-11-09 EP EP18205441.1A patent/EP3650954A1/en active Pending
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2019
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CN114647174B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2023-12-26 | 爱彼钟表业制造有限公司 | Tourbillon for timepiece movement |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP6889765B2 (en) | 2021-06-18 |
US20200150592A1 (en) | 2020-05-14 |
US11573530B2 (en) | 2023-02-07 |
JP2020076760A (en) | 2020-05-21 |
CN111176096B (en) | 2022-02-08 |
CN111176096A (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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