EP3638771A1 - Milieu et procédé de culture et isolement sélectif de la bactérieenterococcus hirae - Google Patents
Milieu et procédé de culture et isolement sélectif de la bactérieenterococcus hiraeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3638771A1 EP3638771A1 EP18731157.6A EP18731157A EP3638771A1 EP 3638771 A1 EP3638771 A1 EP 3638771A1 EP 18731157 A EP18731157 A EP 18731157A EP 3638771 A1 EP3638771 A1 EP 3638771A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- culture medium
- enterococcus
- hirae
- bacteria
- medium according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
- C12Q1/045—Culture media therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel medium and method of culture and selective isolation of the commensal bacterium Enterococcus hirae in a biological sample, including stool.
- Bacteria of the genus Enterococcus are Gram-positive cocci, found as diplococci. They are commensal germs of the digestive tract, most often responsible for endocarditis and urinary infections [1].
- the genus Enterococcus is classified in the field of Bacteria, the phylum Firmicutes, the class Baciili, the order Lactobaciliales, the family Enterococcaceae and finally the branch Clostridium. At present, there are 58 different species of enterococci [1].
- enterococci faecalis which account for 75 to 85% of enterococci and Enterococcus faecium clinical strains, which account for 10 to 20% of clinical strains of enterococci, while other species of clinical strains of Enterococcus genus accounting for about 5%, namely Enterococcus hirae, £ casseliflavus, £ ga / iinarum and E raffinosus [14],
- Enterococcus hirae is a zoonotic pathogen found in mammals and birds that has rarely been isolated from infection in humans [2].
- the objective of the present invention is to select specifically hirae, among other bacteria of the genus Enterococcus, Indeed, this bacterium hirae plays an important role in immunity, especially in the treatment of breast cancer [5]. It has been shown that the presence of h hirae in women with breast cancer favors the response to chemotherapy treatment. E hirae is an oncomicrobiotic, it promotes the anti-cancer therapeutic effect of cyclophosphamide (CTX). Indeed, it activates anti-tumor immunity via the induction of Th17 cells and by increasing the ratio of cytotoxic cells to regulatory T cells [5].
- CX cyclophosphamide
- the purpose of the present invention is to select hirae from biological samples, in particular stool of patients, in order to highlight the presence or absence of this bacterium in the microbiota of these patients and thus to predict their possible response to treatment. therapy with cyclophosphamide [5].
- the present invention firstly consisted in specifically selecting bacteria of the genus Enterococcus and more particularly faecalis, faecium and hirae on a culture medium and then differentiating hirae from other enterococci by a staining technique.
- the culture medium for Enterococcus consists of a basic culture medium, known for the selective culture of enterococci, including in particular different inhibitors of Gram-negative bacteria and most Gram-positive bacteria, other as enterococci.
- a commonly used medium for the detection of enterococci is the bile-esculin medium which comprises:
- - esculin and ammoniacal iron citrate (a compound that allows the black shift of the culture medium when esculin is hydrolyzed). Enterococci develop by hydrolyzing esculin so that the enterococci grow by turning the medium to black: the blackening of the medium translating the hydrolysis by ammoniac iron citrate from esculin to esculetin that binds with iron.
- a solid culture medium specific for enterococci called m-Enterococcus agar medium [3] preferably comprises in the following amounts and weight proportions for IL:
- Sodium azide has an inhibitory action on gram-negative bacteria and on all streptococci except those in group D.
- Cycloheximide has an anti-fungal action.
- Nalidixic acid is a quinolone antibiotic used for its action on Gram-negative bacteria.
- Sodium chloride inhibits Gram-positive bacteria other than Enterococcus, particularly the subgenus Streptococcus D can be inhibited by the salinity of a culture medium. Thus Enterococci can be grown selectively on a hypersaline medium.
- Pancreatic extract of gelatin and yeast extract provide the necessary nutrients.
- the present invention provides a culture medium specific for the cultivation and selective isolation of Enterococcus hirae bacteria consisting of nutrients other than sugars of a basic culture medium for culturing enterococci. lacking escuiine, comprising inhibitors of gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria other than enterococci and preferably at least one antifungal compound characterized in that it comprises:
- a colored indicator which changes color at a pH below the pH of said specific culture medium corresponding to the acidification of said specific culture medium resulting from the consumption of mannitol.
- escuiine in the basal medium is avoided because it blackens all enterococci as indicated above.
- advantage is taken of the fact that hirae does not consume mannitol whereas mannitol is consumed by causing a drop in the pH or acidification of said specific culture medium, by all the main other Enterococcus bacteria likely to be present in clinical specimens from human patients, including stools, namely, faecalis, E faecium, casseliflavus, ga / iinarum and E raffinosus [l ⁇ .
- said medium according to the invention is in solid form comprising a gelling agent preferably at a concentration of at least 1%, more preferably at a concentration of 1.5%.
- the medium according to the invention thus has the ability to isolate Enterococcus hirae culture starting from a microbial flora stool sample composed of about 10 10 bacteria / g of saddle comprising in practice about 400 different species.
- This medium exerts a selection action on the rest of the flora, thanks to the presence of inhibitory agents, which makes it possible to select among the 400 species, only 3 species Enterococcus hirae, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium which are differentiated by the combination of their mannitol fermentation properties generating a Ph corresponding to that of a colored indicator bromcresol purple. Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium together account for 95% of the enterococci that can be found in clinical specimens of human stool.
- Enterococcus hirae Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, Gram-positive, other than enterococci, is used in a concentration of at least 20 g / L and not more than 60 g / L, which does not affect the growth of Enterococcus hirae at these concentrations.
- Bromcresol purple was chosen as a color indicator not in relation to mannitol per se, but because of its color change range with respect to the pH corresponding to that resulting from the consumption of mannitol by the species involved in the medium of the invention.
- the medium according to the invention comprises an inhibitor of Gram-positive enterococcal bacteria other than Enterococcus hirae, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, in particular inhibitor of Enterococcus durans, clindamycin, preferably at a concentration of at least 8 mg / l.
- This antibiotic eliminates this bacterium Enterococcus durans in which as Enterococcus hirae does not ferment mannitol and appears with rare occurrences in the stool samples.
- the pH of said specific culture medium according to the invention is 7.3 +/- 0.2 and the colored indicator is bromcresol purple.
- This colored indicator turns to a pH of 5.2-6.8, a pH in this range of 5.2-6.8 corresponding to the acidification of a culture medium of PH 7.3 +/- 0, 2; inoculated with at least one isolated colony of Enterococcus bacteria other than Enterococcus hirae.
- the specific culture medium according to the invention comprises at least 10 g / l of mannitol.
- said specific culture medium according to the invention comprises nutrients other than mannitol in a concentration of not more than 20 g / l, preferably at least at least 10 g / l.
- This relatively high concentration of mannitol relative to other nutrients allows favoring the priority consumption of said sugar by Enterococcus other than hirae on the one hand offers enough nutrient for the growth of hirae.
- said specific culture medium according to the invention comprises as a color indicator bromcresol purple at a concentration of at least 25 mg / L.
- said specific culture medium according to the invention comprises, as color indicator, bromcresol purple at a concentration of at least 50 mg / L.
- said nutrients are sources of energy and a source of carbon, nitrogen or phopsphore.
- said specific culture medium according to the invention comprises as nutrients other than sugars of a basic culture medium for the culture of enterococci: vitamins, metallic mineral salts, especially metals such as Cu, Zn , Co, Ni, Bi, Ti, and nitrogen compounds. More particularly, said specific culture medium according to the invention comprises as a source of vitamins, essential salts and nitrogen compounds:
- Peptone provides amino acids and peptides as a source of energy and carbon other than sugars.
- said specific culture medium according to the invention comprises:
- said specific culture medium according to the invention comprises a gelling agent preferably chosen from agar and agar, preferably in a weight proportion of 0.5 to 5%, more preferably 1 to 2%.
- said specific culture medium according to the invention comprises:
- said specific culture medium according to the invention comprises the following components, preferably in the following amounts and weight proportions for IL:
- the present invention also provides a method of culture and selective isolation of a bacterium Enterococcus hirae characterized in that a biological sample is cultured containing or likely to contain a bacterium Enterococcus hirae and / or Enterococcus bacteria other than Enterococcus hirae, at a temperature of 37 ° C for a time sufficient to reveal a coloration of Enterococcus bacteria other than Enterococcus hirae by said dye in a said solid specific culture medium according to the invention.
- said specific culture medium according to the invention makes it possible to select a Enterococcus hirae bacterium in a tested sample. comprising other bacteria selected from: faecalis, faedum, casseliflavus, gailinarum and E. coli. raff formulationosus.
- the method according to the invention comprises the following steps in which:
- a dilution is preferably carried out at least 3 successive dilutions at
- a sample diluted stool preferably 100 microliters of diluted stool, is inoculated on said solid specific culture medium, and c) after 72 hours of incubation, preferably at least 5 days of incubation, at 37 ° C.
- a said Enterococcus hirae bacterium is detected if a colony of undecolored bacteria is identified with respect to said bromcresol purple dye, and d) preferably, it is confirmed that said undecolored bacterium colony is of the species Enterococcus hirae by a MALDI-TOF type mass spectrometry identification technique.
- step a) a series of several dilutions is carried out at 1/10 of the starting sample, preferably at least 5 (ie a dilution of 10 ⁇ s ) from a stool sample, in particular taken at 0.1 mg / ml of PBS buffer, and in step b) a sample of each of the dilutions is inoculated on the said solid specific culture medium according to the invention.
- a sample of 100 microliters of diluted stool is seeded on said solid specific culture medium.
- pre-incubation at 37 ° C., preferably at least 24 hours, of said stool samples in a liquid-specific culture medium of the same composition as said before (before step a)) is carried out beforehand (before step a)).
- a so-called pre-incubation is carried out with a said sample of 0.10 to 0.50 g / ml of stool in a buffer solution solution, preferably 0.15 g / l in PBS, in 10 to 100 ml of said culture culture medium.
- specific liquid preferably 40 ml respectively
- This pre-incubation makes it possible to increase the selective power of the culture medium according to the invention against E.durans, E. faecalis and faecium as reported in Example B below and thus to be able to observe a greater number of hirae colonies if necessary from the 3rd dilution to 1/10 (ie a dilution of 10 "3 ) of the pre-incubated sample.
- enterococci are resistant to high saline concentrations [1], in order to eliminate some of the Gram-positive bacteria other than enterococci and Gram-negative bacteria, which are resistant to the above-mentioned inhibitors, different concentrations of gram-positive bacteria have been tested. (sodium chloride) to find the most suitable to add to the formulation of the present invention. Four concentrations were tested (60 g / L, 65 g / L, 70 g / L and 75 g / L). The results showed that the 3 strains of enterococci - hirae, faecium and faecalis - tested on these media grew at each of the concentrations tested. However, after reading the agar at 24 hours, it was observed that the higher the salt concentrations, the smaller the colonies of the resulting hirae bacteria.
- the concentration of sodium chloride retained for a selective medium according to the present invention is not less than 20g / L but not more than 60 g / L
- enterococci most represented in biological samples, especially stools, are faecalis and faecium [2, 6, 7].
- enterococcal species are subdominant, no inhibitors of other enterococci have been added to the formulation of the present invention.
- some enterococci - Enterococcus casseliflavus, Enterococcus gallinarum and Enterococcus raffinosus - are present in an amount comparable to Enterococcus hirae [8] in the seiles.
- the present invention makes it possible to differentiate them from nterococcus hirae, as demonstrated below.
- the main object of the present invention is to isolate oil from faecium and faecalis. Since the latter two bacterial species are resistant to a large number of inhibitors which are resistant to Hirae, it has not been possible to eliminate them from the samples. The inventors then sought to differentiate them according to their metabolic profile. For this, the inventors have sought sugars consumed either exclusively by £ hirae, or exclusively by £ faecium and E faecalis. After studying the data from the literature, three sugars were selected: melibiose, raffinose and mannitol. In fact, the melibiose is consumed by the hirae and in a variable manner by faecium.
- variable it is meant that the consumption of this sugar by faecium is strain-dependent.
- raffinose and mannitol they are consumed exclusively by faecalis and faecium and not by hirae (see Table 1) [9, 10, 11].
- the inventors have added in the middle of the present invention a colored indicator whose color will vary depending on the pH of the medium. Indeed, during the consumption of sugar by the bacteria, there is an acidification of the medium, resulting in a turn of the colored indicator.
- the inventors have tested several of which the following three; phenol red, bromcresol green and bromcresol purple. Based on the concentrations in media already containing one of these colored indicators, the inventors have initially chosen to test a concentration of 25 mg / L [12] for each of the chosen indicators. 1) Tests of different colored indicators
- the phenol red is red; it turns yellow when the pH is in the indicator's turning zone, which is between 6.6 and 8.
- the medium has a pH between 7.3 ⁇ 0.2, the indicator has started to turn yellow as soon as autoclaving, not allowing its use in a medium according to the present invention.
- Bromcresol green has a blue color; it turns yellow when the pH is in the turn zone of the indicator, which is between 3.8 and 5.4.
- This colored indicator requires too much acidification of the medium to be able to visualize a true color change. The inventors have thus observed a shift towards green rather than yellow. The contrast between the faecalis and E faecium colonies and the culture medium was therefore not important enough to differentiate them.
- Bromcresol purple is purple in color; it turns yellow when the pH is in the turn zone of the indicator, which is between 5.2 and 6.8.
- the advantage of this colored indicator is that it does not require a strong lowering of the pH to reveal yellow colonies with a yellow halo underneath.
- this turning zone is ideal since the pH of the present invention is 7.3 ⁇ 0.2.
- the inventors have therefore chosen this last colored indicator for the formulation of the present invention. Wanting to further improve the contrast, the inventors increased the concentration of bromcresol purple to 50 mg / L
- mannitol For this sugar, the inventors have found that there was a change of color of the medium and colonies for faecalis and faecium, but not for those of hirae which remained colorless. The inventors have therefore chosen mannitol as sugar for the formulation of the said invention, at a concentration of 10 g / L, a concentration frequently found in culture media [12].
- Table 1 Consumption of sugars by the 3 enterococci studied
- enterococci Enterococcus casseiiflavus, enterococcus gallinarum and Enterococcus raffmosus - are present in an amount comparable to the equivalent of 1 hirae. Since bacteria belonging to the genus Enterococcus are generally sensitive and resistant to the same inhibitors, the inventors have sought the consumption of sugars for these different enterococci. It turned out that they all consumed mannitol (see Table 2). It is therefore possible to distinguish between hirae and enterococci.
- Said culture medium also comprises a source of vitamins, essential salts and compounds nitrogenized by the presence of beef extract [13] at a concentration of 1 g / L and the proteose-peptone added to 10 g /
- the invention provides amino acids and peptides (energy source and carbon). No other nutrient has been provided to the present invention because it is the objective that the faecal / isetrifium preferably uses sugar, mannitol, as a source of nutrition to allow their growth. These sources, however, can not be suppressed since hirae, not using selected sugar as a source of energy, needs nutrients to grow.
- Said culture medium is a solid culture medium containing a gelling agent preferably chosen from agar and agar, preferably in a weight proportion of 0.5 to 5%, more preferably 1 to 2%.
- a culture medium for the selection of Enterococcus hirae according to the invention comprises the following components, preferably in the following amounts and weight proportions for IL of water.
- Bromocresol purple 0.05 g (0.005%)
- a sample containing Enterococcus hirae bacteria is cultured at a temperature of 37 ° C. for 72 hours in said medium. selection culture of Enterococcus hirae.
- the bacterium of the species Enterococcus hirae is identified by the presence of a MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry technique [15].
- a culture medium of the Enterococcus hirae according to the invention makes it possible to select E hirae after 72 hours.
- Example 1 a colony of a strain of Enterococcus hirae, of a strain of Enterococcus faecalis and of a strain of Enterococcus faecium, were mixed in one milliliter of PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline),
- a saddle is artificially enriched in hirae
- a colony of a strain of Enterococcus hirae was mixed in one milliliter of PBS with the equivalent of a blue oesse (10 microliters) of saddle, that is about 0.15 g
- a blue oesse (10 microliters) of saddle that is about 0.15 g
- Example 3 the equivalent of a blue oesse (10 microliters) of clinical stool, namely about 0.15 g which is known rich in hirae was mixed in one milliliter of PBS.
- the inventors have prepared six eppendorf tubes (Sigma-Aldrich), which were filled with 900 microliters of PBS and, from the mother tube, containing the colonies and optionally stool samples, 100 microliters were removed and mixed with the 2 nd tube containing 900 microliters of PBS, and cascade dilutions were made to obtain six dilutions of 10 "1 to 10 " 6 ,
- Example B By testing a larger number of samples, ie more than
- Example A With 100 clinical stools from the bacteriology diagnostic laboratory, it was found that the medium of Example A above, selected in rare occurrences (4 out of 100 samples tested) Enterococcus durans together with Enterococcus hirae, both not not fermenting mannitol and appearing transparent despite the colored indicator BCP unlike the only two other species present faecium faecalis and faecalis.
- an antibiotic which inhibits the growth of Edurans, namely clindamycin, an antibiotic of the lincosamide family.
- Edurans namely clindamycin
- This antibiotic has a primarily bacteriostatic action against gram-positive aerobic bacteria including Enterococcus durans but with the exception of the three species of faecium, faecalis and E. hirae and against a wide spectrum of anaerobic bacteria.
- This antibiotic was added in the medium at the concentration of 8 mg / L.
- nalidixic acid was reduced from 250 mg / L to not more than 100 mg / L due to its dilution in water above 100mg / L and colistin was added at a concentration of 25mg / L to compensate, which is a polypeptide antibiotic of the family of polymyxins that has an action on Gram-negative bacteria.
- a selective medium B comprising bacterial inhibitors, such as 60 g / l NaCl, cycloheximide 0.05 g / L, sodium azide 0.15 g / L, nalidixic acid at 0.1 g / L, colistin at 0.025 g / L and clindamycin at 0.008 g / L
- bacterial inhibitors such as 60 g / l NaCl, cycloheximide 0.05 g / L, sodium azide 0.15 g / L, nalidixic acid at 0.1 g / L, colistin at 0.025 g / L and clindamycin at 0.008 g / L
- Bromocresol purple 0.05 g (0.005%)
- the inventors seeded 100 stools taken at random, from the laboratory of diagnosis (bacteriology) of the IHU Mediterranean infection. For this, the equivalent of a blue oesse (10 microliters) of clinical stool, namely about 0.15 g was mixed in ImL of PBS. The inventors have decided to seed the dilution 10 "3 on their medium, so as to observe a large number of colonies on the medium, in case of growth. bacterial.
- the inventors prepared three eppendorf tubes (Sigma-Aldrich), which were filled with 900 microliters of PBS, and from the mother tube, containing the stool samples in 1 mL, 100 microliters were collected and mixed with the 2 nd tube containing 900 microliters of PBS, and cascading dilutions were performed to obtain three dilutions of 10 -1 to 10 "3.
- Seeding of 50 ⁇ l was then performed on a solid culture medium according to Example B above, of the 10 -3 dilution, and the results are observed after the agar plates have been incubated in an incubator at 37.degree. ° C for 72 hours, and preferably up to five days.
- the inventors retested the 4 stools where durans had been highlighted. For each of these stools, no colony of durans was identified by MALDI TOF SP mass spectrometry.
- the inventors carried out a pre-incubation of the samples for 24 hours, in anaerobic blood culture bottles emptied and in which they added the hirae culture medium. , in its liquid form, quoted below, at a rate of 40 mL per bottle.
- Liquid culture medium hirae Liquid culture medium hirae
- the agar was removed so as to obtain a liquid medium, and the colored indicator, bromcresol purple, was also removed from this liquid medium formulation as it was of no use in the preparation of the liquid medium. incubation.
- a pre-incubation of these samples is also carried out for 24 hours.
- the equivalent of a blue oesle (10 microliters) of clinical stool, containing E.hira, namely about 0.15 g was mixed in ImL PBS, and all was injected into the hemoculture bottle. containing 40 mL of liquid hirae medium.
- the inventors incubated the bottle at 37 ° C. for 24 hours. They then realized dilutions as described above and seeded 3rd dilution (10 "3) on the solid hirae middle.
- E.hirae After 72 hours of incubation, preferably 5 days higher growth of E.hirae could to be observed without pre-incubation, the The inventors could observe less than 10 colonies of E. hirae and after pre-incubation this growth was of the order of 200-300 colonies at the same dilution.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1755310A FR3067360B1 (fr) | 2017-06-13 | 2017-06-13 | Milieu et procede de culture et isolement selectif de la bacterie enterococcus hirae |
| PCT/FR2018/051245 WO2018229380A1 (fr) | 2017-06-13 | 2018-05-30 | Milieu et procédé de culture et isolement sélectif de la bactérie enterococcus hirae |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3638771A1 true EP3638771A1 (fr) | 2020-04-22 |
Family
ID=59746096
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18731157.6A Withdrawn EP3638771A1 (fr) | 2017-06-13 | 2018-05-30 | Milieu et procédé de culture et isolement sélectif de la bactérieenterococcus hirae |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20210139943A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3638771A1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3063275A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3067360B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2018229380A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5817510A (en) * | 1995-02-24 | 1998-10-06 | Xechem International, Inc. | Device and method for evaluating microorganisms |
-
2017
- 2017-06-13 FR FR1755310A patent/FR3067360B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2018
- 2018-05-30 WO PCT/FR2018/051245 patent/WO2018229380A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2018-05-30 CA CA3063275A patent/CA3063275A1/fr active Pending
- 2018-05-30 US US16/621,366 patent/US20210139943A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-05-30 EP EP18731157.6A patent/EP3638771A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20210139943A1 (en) | 2021-05-13 |
| WO2018229380A1 (fr) | 2018-12-20 |
| FR3067360A1 (fr) | 2018-12-14 |
| CA3063275A1 (fr) | 2018-12-20 |
| FR3067360B1 (fr) | 2021-04-16 |
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