EP3625507A1

EP3625507A1 - Heat exchanger device and method for exchanging heat between air and a fluid guided in a heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: EP3625507A1
Application number: EP18730978.6A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Simon GEISERT; Viktor TRENKENSCHUH; Andreas ZÜRNER
Original assignee: Guentner GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Guentner GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2017-05-16
Filing date: 2018-05-07
Publication date: 2020-03-25
Also published as: RU2019137088A; RU2019137088A3; DE102017110580A1; RU2752210C2; WO2018210596A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger device for exchanging heat between air and a fluid guided in at least one heat exchanger (1), said device comprising a housing (2) with at least one inflow opening (3) and at least one outflow opening (4), at least one heat exchanger (1) being arranged in the housing and the or each heat exchanger (1) comprising a flow surface via which an air flow flows into the heat exchanger (1). In order to homogenise the air flowing over the flow surface of the or each heat exchanger, at least one air-guiding element (5) is associated with each heat exchanger (1), said air-guiding element being arranged inside the cross-section (Q) of the flow surface of the respective heat exchanger (1), where the air flows, splitting the air flow flowing through the inflow opening (3) into at least two partial flows (S1, S2) and deflecting at least one partial flow (S1) towards the respective heat exchanger (1).

Description

The invention relates to a heat exchanger device for exchanging heat between air and a fluid guided in at least one heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for exchanging heat between air and a fluid carried in a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 20.

Such heat exchanger devices can be used, for example, as evaporators in refrigerating machines or cooling systems in which air drawn in from the surroundings is cooled, or in heat pumps.

In particular, such heat exchanger devices in air cooler for cooling the air in large-volume rooms, such. B. walk-in storage or cold rooms are used. The air coolers used for this purpose are part of the equipment of the storage or cooling room and installed in stationary. The air cooler contains a heat exchanger, for example in the form of a heat exchanger, on or through which the air to be cooled is passed or passed through, wherein the heat exchanger extracts heat from the air and cools it. The heat exchanger can be a heat exchanger which has a pipe or channel system through which a coolant or refrigerant flows. The heat exchanger can also be an evaporator which has a pipe or channel system through which a two-phase refrigerant flows. The piping or channel system of the evaporator is coupled to a compressor and a condenser or a recooler, which is arranged regularly outside the space to be cooled (for example, on the roof of the building in which the storage or refrigerator is located). The condenser or recooler is connected via pipelines to the evaporator of the air cooler to direct the refrigerant in the liquid state and at low pressure through the evaporator. As it flows through the air to be cooled of the storage or cooling space through the evaporator evaporates the first liquid refrigerant and removes the air flowing through heat. The vaporized refrigerant is returned via the pipe into the compressor and the condenser or the recooler to be liquefied there by compression or cooled. From EP 836 057 Bl, for example, a chiller designed as a two-flow evaporator with a housing is known which has a plurality of air inlet openings spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the housing and two air outlet openings, wherein the air inlet openings substantially in a horizontal plane and the two Air outlet openings lie substantially in a vertical plane. In each of the air inlet openings, a fan is arranged and each air outlet opening is associated with a heat exchanger, each having a circuit for circulation of a cooling or heat transfer fluid. The arranged in the air inlet openings fans suck in air from the environment and pass through the heat exchanger, wherein a heat exchange between the sucked air and circulating in the heat exchangers cooling or heat transfer fluid takes place, which leads to a cooling of the intake air and evaporation of the Fluids in the heat exchangers leads.

In the case of the generic heat exchanger devices, there is the problem of a non-uniform flow through the air drawn in via the flowed-on cross section of the heat exchanger, which has different flow densities or flow velocities over the cross-section of the heat exchanger. The heat exchangers therefore have regions with different heat transfer or heat exchange efficiency. Since in the heat exchanger device downstream compressor (compressor) no refrigerant may be introduced in liquid form, there is usually overheating in the heat exchanger, to ensure that the refrigerant is completely evaporated in the heat exchanger before it is fed to the compressor , In operation, the heat exchanger device is controlled so that only as much refrigerant is supplied to the heat exchanger as it can completely evaporate. It is known to apply the pipelines of a heat exchanger in which the refrigerant is conducted, stranded with the liquid refrigerant, wherein the refrigerant flows through the individual pipe strands parallel to each other. When different regions of the heat exchanger have different heat transfer efficiency, the strand having the lowest heat transfer efficiency determines the maximum amount of refrigerant supplied to the strands per unit time to ensure complete evaporation of the refrigerant in all strands can be. This can be done in some areas Strands with higher heat transfer or heat exchange efficiency lead to an early evaporation of the fluid carried in the heat exchanger and thereby to a lowering of the efficiency of the heat exchanger device, because the strands of the heat exchanger with higher heat transfer or heat exchange efficiency are not operated under optimal operating conditions ,

In order to even out the flow through the heat exchanger of a heat exchanger device, EP 0 759 795 A2 proposes the arrangement of at least one flow guide in a region outside the flowed cross section of the heat exchanger, wherein the flow guide influences the flow of the air flowing into the heat exchanger in the edge regions of the heat exchanger. In particular, it is ensured by the arrangement of Strömungsleitvorrichtungen outside of the flown cross section of the heat exchanger, that also the (upper) edge region of the heat exchanger is sufficiently traversed by air. In particular, the flow guiding devices ensure that air flowing along the ceiling of the housing of the heat exchanger device is guided to the upper edge regions of the heat exchangers.

Another approach for avoiding efficiency losses, which is caused by an uneven flow of heat exchangers, is proposed in EP 2 365 271 A2. Therein is proposed an air-susceptible evaporator which can be used in particular in an air-water heat pump, wherein the evaporator comprises at least two air-pressurized refrigerant lines and a first refrigerant line in a first evaporator region and a second refrigerant line in a second evaporator region. Due to a non-uniform flow of the refrigerant pipes, which serve as a heat exchanger between the impinged air and a guided in the refrigerant pipes fluid, prevails in the operation of the evaporator in the first region, a greater air flow rate than in the second region. As a result, the refrigerant lines in the first and second regions have different heat transfer efficiencies, which may result in overheating of the fluid carried in the refrigerant lines in the higher heat transfer efficiency region. In order to avoid this, the refrigerant lines are designed differently from one another or adaptable to each other, so that the heat transfer or evaporation efficiency (Evaporation efficiency) in the refrigerant pipe, which is flowed at a lower air flow rate, is greater than in the other refrigerant line. As a result, the efficiency of the evaporator can be increased. To set the different evaporation efficiencies in the two or more refrigerant lines preferably controllable pressure reducing means are provided in at least one refrigerant line and the evaporator comprises measuring means for measuring the operational parameters, such as the flow velocity of the air flowing past the refrigerant lines and the pressure and the temperature of the in the Refrigerant pipes guided fluid. The arrangement of depressurizing means in the refrigerant pipelines results in a pressure loss of the fluid flow of the fluid flowing in the refrigerant piping, thereby decreasing the efficiency. The arrangement of measuring devices in the evaporator is complicated and expensive and requires a high maintenance. Proceeding from this, the invention has the object to show a simple and inexpensive to produce heat exchanger device with the highest possible efficiency. In particular, in a heat exchanger device with at least one heat exchanger comprising a plurality of different strands of pipelines, a homogenization of the heat transfer in the individual strands should be achieved.

These objects are achieved with a heat exchanger device with the features of claim 1 and with the method according to claim 20. Preferred embodiments of the heat exchanger device and the method can be found in the dependent claims.

The heat exchanger device according to the invention comprises a housing with at least one inflow opening and at least one outflow opening and at least one heat exchanger arranged inside the housing, in which a fluid, for example a coolant or refrigerant, is guided. The or each arranged in the housing heat exchanger in this case has an inflow, which is of air, which is sucked, for example, from the environment, can be flowed. To equalize the air flow flowing to the heat exchanger, in particular with respect to the air flow velocity over the flown cross section of the inflow surface, at least one or each heat exchanger is present in the inventive heat exchanger device Associated with air guide, which is disposed within the flowed cross section of the inflow surface of the respective heat exchanger and divides the inflow through the inflow air flow into at least two partial streams, wherein one of the partial streams is deflected in the direction of the respective heat exchanger by the or an air guide.

By dividing the air flow, which flows through the inlet opening of the housing in the heat exchanger device, in at least two partial streams is made possible equalization of the flow velocity or the flow density of the inflow surface of the or each heat exchanger inflowing air. The partial flows preferably impinge on the inflow surface of the heat exchanger at different points or in different areas of the inflowed cross section.

The or each air guide element, which is assigned to a heat exchanger, is preferably arranged within the flowed cross section of the inflow surface of the respective heat exchanger, that a uniform distribution of the total amount of air flowing through the inflow opening of the housing into two or more streams, each with the same or at least similar flow density (or flow rate) takes place. The or each air guide, which is associated with a heat exchanger, is expediently shaped so that a deflection of at least one partial flow takes place in the direction of the inflow surface of the respective heat exchanger. Suitably, at least a partial flow is deflected by the air guide or the air guide so that this partial flow flows at least substantially perpendicular to the inflow surface of the heat exchanger. The other partial streams or streams can be deflected by further deflection devices, for example, of wall sections of the housing, in the direction of the inflow surface of the heat exchanger.

In one embodiment, the housing of the heat exchanger device according to the invention is box-shaped and has an upper wall formed as a lid, a lower wall formed as a bottom and arranged therebetween and perpendicular thereto side walls, wherein the or each inflow opening in the lower wall and the or each outflow opening in a side wall is arranged. For example, the housing may be secured to a ceiling of a room with the upper wall formed as a lid. In each inflow is expedient a Fan arranged, which sucks air from the room and leads into the interior of the housing. The or each Ventialtor is preferably designed as an axial fan. In each outflow opening is a heat exchanger, for example in the form of a heat exchanger, in particular an evaporator arranged. Each heat exchanger is assigned at least one air guide and arranged within the cross section of the inflow surface of the respective heat exchanger. The air drawn in by a fan is divided by the air guide element or by the air guide elements into two or more partial flows and at least one of the partial flows is deflected by an air guide element in the direction of the respective heat exchanger. The partial flows flow under heat exchange with the guided in the heat exchanger fluid through the respective heat exchanger and finally through the respective heat exchanger associated discharge opening out of the housing.

In an expedient embodiment, the heat exchanger device comprises two heat exchangers, which are arranged opposite each other in side walls of the housing. Depending on the required power of the heat exchanger device, this comprises a plurality of inflow openings arranged one after the other in the longitudinal direction and at a distance from one another, in each of which a fan is arranged. In this case, each fan is expediently arranged in a nozzle. For this purpose, each inlet opening is surrounded by a projecting into the interior of the housing nozzle ring and the fan is at least partially disposed within the nozzle ring. In particular, the rotor blades of the fan at least partially engage in the nozzle ring. Preferably, the or each fan is an axial fan, which is expediently arranged at least partially outside the flown cross section (Q) of the heat exchanger.

An improvement in the flow of air drawn through the or each inflow opening and a deflection of the partial flows on the Anströmfiäche arranged in the housing heat exchanger can be achieved if the upper wall of the housing, which is opposite to the or each inflow, an outer portion and a thereto having adjacent inner portion, wherein the outer portion (expediently on both sides) adjacent to a heat exchanger and the inflowing cross-section of the Anströmfiäche this heat exchanger limited, and the inner portion in the direction of the inflow opening relative to the outer portion in the interior of the housing projecting projection, wherein on the projection a fan is attached. In particular, a rotary shaft of the fan is rotatably attached to the projection.

The projecting in this embodiment in the interior of the housing projection may be formed for example by a trapezoidal in cross-section plate, which is fixed to the upper wall of the housing. By this geometry, a deflection of the upper part or streams is achieved in the direction of the inflow surface of the heat exchanger.

The transition between the projection and the outer portion of the upper wall may be formed for example by a curved or by an obtuse angle to the outer portion extending wall portion.

The or each air guide element, which is associated with a heat exchanger, for example, plate-shaped or strip-shaped, in particular in the form of a baffle, which is within the flown cross section of the inflow surface of the associated heat exchanger in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger device and at least substantially parallel to the upper or extending to the lower wall of the housing extending. For deflecting the lower, formed by the respective air guide element partial flow in the direction of the inflow surface of the respective associated heat exchanger, the or each air guide is suitably bent downwards or angled downwards at the edges. It is particularly expedient if the or each air guide element is concavely curved on its underside, which faces the lower wall of the housing, or the edge regions of the air guide element are bent at an angle to the lower wall of the housing. As a result, a directional deflection of the lower partial flow in the direction of the lower, bottom-side region of the inflow surface of the respective heat exchanger can take place.

The position of the or each air guide with respect to the lower wall of the housing is suitably adjustable, for example by pivoting the air guide. By adjusting the position of the air guide with respect to the lower wall of the housing or the inflow of the associated heat exchanger on the one hand, the amount of air in the individual streams and on the other hand changed the flow direction of the streams and adapted to the requirements. To minimize flow losses, it is expedient if the or each air guide element is streamlined, for example in the form of a support surface is formed. In particular, in heat exchanger devices with comparatively high heat exchangers, in which a plurality of strands of pipes are arranged one above the other, it is possible to assign more than one air guide to each heat exchanger, wherein the plurality of air guide elements are arranged one above the other and at a distance from each other within the flow cross section of the heat exchanger. As a result, the air flowing through an inflow air is divided into more than two partial flows, whereby the amount or the flow density of the individual partial streams can be made uniform over the flown cross section of the heat exchanger. As a result, each region of the heat exchanger or each strand of the pipes in the heat exchanger is uniformly supplied with air, so that in each area or in each strand of the heat exchanger, the same heat transfer efficiency prevails. As a result, overheating of the fluid in individual strands of the heat exchanger can be avoided, whereby the efficiency of the heat exchanger device is improved.

These and other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the embodiments described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1: Perspective view of a first embodiment of a heat exchanger device according to the invention;

Figure 2 Detail view into the interior of the heat exchanger device of Figure 3 Cross section through the heat exchanger device of Figure 1;

Figure 4: Detail view into the interior of the heat exchanger device of Figure 1 in a perspective view from below;

Figure 5: Top view of the heat exchanger device of Figure 1 with removed

Cover of the housing; FIG. 6: Schematic representation of further embodiments of inventive heat exchanger devices;

FIG. 7: Schematic representation of further embodiments according to the invention

heat exchanger devicees;

FIG. 8: Schematic representation of further embodiments according to the invention

heat exchanger devicees; Figure 9: Schematic representation of an embodiment of an inventive

Heat exchanger means comprising two heat exchangers each containing a plurality of strands grouped in strands;

FIGS. 1-5 show a first embodiment of a heat exchanger device according to the invention with two heat exchangers 1 a, 1 b arranged in a housing 2, wherein FIGS. 2 to 5 show a view into the interior of the housing 2. For better illustration, an end-face side wall is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an end-face side wall and a bottom wall in FIG. 4, and an upper wall of the housing in FIG. 5 to release a view into the interior of the housing 2.

The two heat exchangers 1a, 1b are arranged mirror-symmetrically in the housing 2 with respect to the central longitudinal plane of the housing 2 and parallel to one another and at a distance from one another. Each heat exchanger 1 a, 1 b is composed of three heat exchanger blocks 1, 1 "arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction L of the heat exchanger device, as can be seen in Figure 1. Each heat exchanger block 1,, 1" is in an outflow opening 4, 4 ', 4 ". If a heat exchanger 1 is referred to below, this means a heat exchanger 1a or 1b or both heat exchangers 1a, 1b and when referring to an outflow opening 4, an outflow opening 4, 4 ', 4 "is meant, in each of which a heat exchanger block 1, 1 "is arranged. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the housing 2 is box-shaped and comprises an upper wall 2a designed as a cover, a lower wall 2b formed as a bottom, and side walls 2c arranged therebetween and perpendicular thereto. In the two longitudinal side walls 2c, the outflow openings 4 are arranged with the heat exchangers 1 inserted therein. In the lower wall 2b a plurality (three in the embodiment shown) inflow openings 3 in the longitudinal direction L are provided one behind the other and at a distance from each other. A fan 6, 6 ', 6 "is used in each inflow opening 3. If we refer to a fan 6 below, we mean the fans 6, 6', 6" or one of the three fans 6, 6 ', 6 ".

For example, the heat exchanger device may be arranged on a ceiling of a room by fixing the upper wall 2a to the ceiling. In such an arrangement, the upper wall 2a and the lower wall 2b extend in a horizontal plane parallel to the ceiling of the room.

As can be seen in Figures 2-4, the upper wall 2a includes a trapezoidal sheet 20 having a horizontal outer portion 20a, an obtuse and obliquely inward central portion 20b, and a horizontal inner portion 20c and mirror symmetric to the central longitudinal plane of the housing 2 is formed. As a result, the trapezoidal sheet metal 20 forms a projection 9 extending in the longitudinal direction L in the region of the central longitudinal plane, which projection is formed by the inner section 20c and projects inwards relative to the outer section 20a of the housing 2. The horizontal outer portion 20a of the sheet 20 limits the flow cross-section Q of the inflow surface of the heat exchanger (1) upwards. Towards the bottom, the flow cross-section Q is bounded by the lower wall 2b of the housing 2.

4, the fans 6, 6 ', 6 "are arranged on the projection 9. Each fan 6 comprises a rotatable rotor shaft 16 and rotor blades 7 arranged thereon, which extend in the radial direction Fan 6 is rotatably mounted on the projection 9 and coupled to a motor, not shown here, which drives the fan 6 in rotation. As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the rotor blades 7 of each fan 6 are arranged in a nozzle. The nozzle is formed by a nozzle ring 8 projecting into the interior of the housing 2, which is arranged around a circular inflow opening 3. It is further apparent from FIGS. 2 and 3 that the rotor blades 7 of the fan 6 partially engage in the nozzle ring 8 and project beyond the upper edge of the nozzle ring 8 with their remaining upper part.

The heat exchangers 1 arranged in the housing 2 are evaporators or heat exchangers, for example in the form of lamellar or finned tube heat exchangers or microchannel heat exchangers. Each heat exchanger 1 in this case comprises a plurality of in the longitudinal direction L and parallel to each other extending pipelines 10, in which a fluid, such as a coolant or refrigerant, is performed. The pipes 10 of a heat exchanger 1 can be connected to each other at their front ends via connecting pieces. In this way, multiple passes of the fluid through a heat exchanger 1 can be achieved. By suitable switching of the pipelines 10, different strands T 1, T 2, T 3 can be formed in a heat exchanger 1, as shown schematically in FIG. 9. When a heat exchanger 1 is composed of a plurality of heat exchanger blocks 1, 1 ", the pipelines 10 of adjacent heat exchanger blocks 1, Γ, 1" are connected to one another to transfer the fluid from one heat exchanger block to the other.

Below each heat exchanger 1 a running in the longitudinal direction L collecting trough or trough 11 is arranged. This serves to collect condensation, which can form on the surface of the heat exchanger 1, in particular on the outer surfaces of the pipelines 10.

It can also be seen from FIGS. 2 to 4 that each heat exchanger 1 is assigned an air guide element 5. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the heat exchanger la is assigned an air guide element 5a and the heat exchanger 1b is assigned an air guide element 5b. If, in the following, an air guiding element 5 is used, one of the air guiding elements 5 a, 5 b or both is meant. The spoiler elements 5 are expediently strip-shaped or plate-shaped, for example. As elongated sheets. Each of a heat exchanger 1 associated air guide 5 is upstream and within the flown cross section Q and at a distance from the inflow surface of the heat exchanger. 1 arranged and extends in the longitudinal direction L of the heat exchanger device. Expediently, each air guide element 5 extends over the entire extent of the heat exchanger device in the longitudinal direction L, as can be seen for example from FIG. 4, ie over the entire length of the heat exchanger blocks 1, 1 "arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction L.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-4, each air guiding element 5 has three sections, namely a horizontally extending central section and lateral sections angled away at an obtuse angle relative to the central section.

By means of the fans 6, which are preferably designed as axial fans, air is sucked from the environment and passed through the inlet openings 3 in the interior of the housing 3. The heat transfer elements 1 assigned to each heat exchanger 1 divide the inflowing air flow into two partial streams S1, S2. Each of these partial streams Sl, S2 flows in a respective flow direction jl, j2 on a Anströmfiäche of the associated heat exchanger 1. In this case, the lower partial flow Sl is guided by the angled shape of the Luftleitelements 5 obliquely downward toward a lower portion of the inflow surface of the heat exchanger 1 , This diversion of the lower partial flow S1 in the direction of a lower region of the inflow surface of the heat exchanger 1 is effected in particular by the angled section in the downstream region of the air guide element 5. The upper partial flow S2 is passed between the upper side of the air guide element 5 and the trapezoidal plate 20 and partially on the upper wall 2a and the horizontal outer portion 20a of the sheet 20 is reflected. The upper part stream S2 thereby flows in a flow direction j2, which points slightly obliquely downwards, in an upper section onto the inflow surface of the heat exchanger 1. The air flowing in through an inflow opening 3 is thus conveyed through the air guide element 5 assigned to the heat exchanger 1 a lower partial flow Sl and an upper partial flow S2 divided, wherein the lower partial flow S l are directed by the air guide 5 and the upper partial flow S2 through the trapezoidal plate 20 respectively in the direction of Anströmfiäche of the heat exchanger 1. The two streams S1 and S2 meet in different areas on the Anströmfiäche of the heat exchanger 1, whereby a uniform flow of the heat exchanger 1 is ensured. Suitably, the two partial streams Sl, S2 in each case one equal flow rate or an equal flow density, ie, the flowing in the lower part of the flow S1 on the inflow surface of the heat exchanger 1 per unit time and area unit amount of air is equal to the amount of air flowing in the upper part of the stream S2 on the inflow.

To set a suitable division of the amount of incoming air into the partial streams Sl and S2, the air guide elements 5 may have different shapes, in particular in their upstream region. Thus, for example, in the air guide elements 5, which are shown in Figures 2-4, by a different angular position of the upstream portion compared to the middle, horizontal section, the amount of air in the lower partial flow Sl and the upper partial flow S2 are suitably adjusted. The distribution of the amount of air in the two partial streams S 1 and S2 can also be varied by the position of the respective associated air guide element 5 with respect to the heat exchanger 1 and with respect to the upper wall 2a and the lower wall 2b. Therefore, it is expedient if the air guide elements 5 are arranged pivotably in the housing 2. A pivotability of the air guiding elements 5 can be made possible, for example, by a pivotable mounting in the end-side side walls 2c of the housing 2. By a pivoting of the air guide elements 5, the flow direction j 1 of the lower part flow can be adjusted to a desired direction of inflow to the inflow surface of the associated heat exchanger 1. It is expedient here to set a flow direction j 1 which is perpendicular to the inflow surface of the associated heat exchanger 1 or, as can be seen for example from FIG. 3, is directed slightly downward. The flow direction j2 of the upper partial flow S2 essentially depends on the shape of the upper wall 2a of the housing 2 and in the embodiment shown on the shape of the trapezoidal sheet 20 arranged there. To a lesser extent, the flow direction j 2 of the upper partial flow S2 is also influenced by the shape of the air guide element 5.

Flow simulations have shown that the best flow conditions can be achieved if the axial distance d between the rotor blades 7 of the fan 6 and the projection 9, on which the rotor shaft 16 of the fan 6 is arranged, at least a quarter of the diameter D of the rotor blades 7 corresponds (Figure 3). Favorable flow conditions continue to arise when the obtuse angle between the central, horizontal portion and the edge portions angled down therefrom of the spoiler 5 is the same size and in particular in the range of 120 ° to 170 °. By changing the angle between the upstream portion and the horizontal, central portion of the air guide 5, the amount of air in the two partial streams Sl, S2 can be adjusted. If the angle between the downstream portion and the horizontal, central portion of an air guide element 5 is in the range of 160 °, the amount of air per unit time and area in the two partial streams Sl, S2 on the heat exchanger 1 flowing air is about the same size. By varying the angle between the horizontal, central portion and the angled, downstream portion of an air guide element 5, the flow direction j 1 of the lower partial flow S 1 can be adjusted.

The width of the horizontal, mean distance of an air guide element 5 suitably corresponds to the width of the downwardly angled portions of the air guide element 5. The total width of the air guide element 5 is designated in Figure 3 with b. The entire width b of the air guide element 5, ie its extent transverse to the longitudinal direction L, is preferably 1/3 - 1/2 of the diameter D of the rotor blades 7 of the fan 6 (FIG. 3).

Furthermore, flow simulations have shown that optimal flow conditions can be achieved when the air guide element 5 is approximately centrally with respect to the flow cross section Q of the heat exchanger 1, that is, the distance between the upper edge of the nozzle ring 8 and the bottom of the central horizontal portion of an air guide element 5 approximately is the same size as the distance between the top of the horizontal, central portion of this air guide element 5 and the horizontally extending, outer portion 20a of the sheet 20th

The flow conditions are further influenced by the position of the air guide elements 5 with respect to the rotor blades 7 of the fan 6. Suitable flow conditions can be achieved if the cross-sectional area of a fan 6 covered by an air guide element 5 is approximately 15% -25% of the total area of a fan 6 swept by the rotor blades 7 (1/4 D ² π). This is illustrated in FIG. 5, the area of a fan 6 covered or covered by an air guide element 5a or 5b being shown in dashed lines in each case. Further embodiments of inventive heat exchanger devices are shown schematically in FIGS. 6-8, these embodiments, as well as the embodiment of FIGS. 1-5, each comprising two heat exchangers 1 a, 1 b arranged in a housing with at least one inlet opening 3 and a ventilator 6 arranged therein are. The heat exchangers la, lb are each arranged in an outflow opening 4 in a side wall of the housing 2. Each heat exchanger 1 is assigned at least one air guide element 5, ie the heat exchanger la is at least one air guide 5a and the heat exchanger lb at least one air guide 5b assigned.

Figures 6a - 6f show various embodiments of the air guide elements 5 a, 5 b. The embodiment shown in Figure 6d corresponds to the embodiment of Figures 2-5. In the embodiments of Figures 6d, 6e and 6f, as in the embodiment of Figures 1-5, a trapezoidal plate 20 is disposed on the upper wall 2a of the housing 2 , By contrast, the embodiments of FIGS. 6a, 6b and 6c have a flat upper wall 2a and do not include a trapezoidal sheet 20 on their inner surface. In the embodiments of FIGS. 6b and 6e, the air guiding elements 5 (5 a and 5 b) each have a horizontal, middle section and a downwardly directed downstream edge section angled away from it. In the embodiments of FIGS. 6c and 6f, the air guiding elements 5 are formed bent with a convex upper side, which faces the upper wall 2a of the housing 2.

Various embodiments are also shown in FIG. 7, wherein the embodiments of FIGS. 7a, 7b and 7c do not have a trapezoidal sheet 20 on the inside of the upper wall 2a and the embodiments of FIGS. 7d, 7e and 7f each have a trapezoidal sheet 20 on the inside of the Upper wall 2a included. The embodiments shown in FIGS. 7a and 7d each have air-guiding elements 5a, 5b, which are designed to be drop-shaped or streamlined. The embodiments of FIGS. 7b and 7e each show heat exchanger devices in which each heat exchanger is assigned two superimposed air guide elements 5, 5 ', wherein the upper air guide element 5 is offset from the lower air guide element 5' to the respective associated heat exchanger 1. In the embodiments of FIGS. 7c and 7f, the air guiding elements 5a, 5b are shaped as in the embodiments of FIGS. 6a and 6d, respectively, but pivoted counterclockwise by approximately 45 ° in comparison to these embodiments. The embodiments shown in FIGS. 8 a and 8 c again have drop-shaped or streamlined air-guiding elements 5 a, 5 b, which are pivoted in the counterclockwise direction by approximately 45 ° in comparison to the embodiments of FIGS. 5 a and 5 b.

In the figures 8b and 8d embodiments are again shown, in which each heat exchanger 1 two air guide elements 5, 5 'are assigned, which are each roof-shaped.

Further embodiments for a suitable design, arrangement and form of air guiding elements 5 can be deduced by a person skilled in the art on the basis of the examples shown in FIGS. 6-8.

The number of each heat exchanger 1 associated air guide elements 5 is suitably adapted to the size and in particular to the height of the respective heat exchanger 1. With higher heat exchangers 1, more than two air guide elements can also be assigned to one heat exchanger 1. When using more than one air guide element per heat exchanger, the air flowing in through the inflow opening 3 is divided into more than two partial flows which each flow in different areas on the inflow surface of the respective heat exchanger. The use of a plurality of air guide elements per heat exchanger is particularly useful in heat exchangers 1, which have a subdivision into a plurality of superposed strands of pipes.

FIG. 9 schematically shows such an embodiment of a heat exchanger device according to the invention with two heat exchangers 1 a, 1 b, each containing a plurality of pipelines 10 grouped in strands T 1, T 2, T 3. The pipes 10 of a heat exchanger 1 are interconnected so that there are three strands Tl, T2, T3 arranged one above the other. These are connected via a supply line 21 and a manifold in parallel with a (cool or liquid) fluid applied. The fluid flows through the pipelines 10 of the strands Tl, T2, T3 with heat exchange with the air flowing through the heat exchanger 1 air and heats up or is thereby evaporated. The vaporized fluid is collected in a manifold 22, which is connected to the strands Tl, T2, T3 of the heat exchanger 1, and, for example, forwarded to a (not shown here) compressor and downstream condenser. Each heat exchanger 1 are each assigned two air guide elements 5, 5 '. As a result, the air flowing in through the inflow opening 3 is divided into partial streams S1, S2 and S3 and the partial streams S1, S2 and S3 are directed in the direction of the inflow surface of the heat exchanger 1, as indicated in FIG. 9, in particular in the heat exchanger 1a. The air guide elements 5, 5 'are shaped and arranged so that each strand Tl, T2, T3 of the heat exchanger 1, a partial stream Sl, S2, and S3 is supplied and the respective partial flow flows to the heat exchanger 1 in the region of the inflow, in the the associated strand Tl, T2 or T3 is located. In an analogous manner as shown in Figure 9, more than three strands may be provided in each heat exchanger 1. It is not absolutely necessary to divide the air flowing in through an inflow opening 3 through the air guiding elements 5 into as many partial flows, so that each branch of the heat exchanger is assigned a partial flow. It may be sufficient to assign each heat exchanger 1 only one air guide element 5, to ensure a uniform flow of air to the inflow surface of the heat exchanger. In this case, each strand is preferably uniformly flowed by an air flow with the same flow velocity or the same current density.

The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. In particular, the number of inlet openings 3 and the fans 6 arranged therein can be adapted to the required power of the heat exchanger device. In a corresponding manner, the number of heat exchanger blocks 1,, 1 "of a heat exchanger can also be adapted to the required power of the heat exchanger device.

Claims

claims

A heat exchanger means for exchanging heat between air and a fluid carried in at least one heat exchanger (1), the heat exchanger means comprising a housing (2) having at least one

Inlet opening (3) and at least one outflow opening (4), in which the or each heat exchanger (1) is arranged and the or each heat exchanger (1) has an inflow surface through which an air flow into the heat exchanger (1) flows, characterized in that at least one air-conducting element (5) is assigned to each heat exchanger (1), which is arranged within the flowed-on cross-section (Q) of the inflow surface of the respective heat exchanger (1) and which divides the airflow flowing through the inflow opening (3) into at least two partial flows ( Sl, S2) divides and at least a partial flow (Sl) in the direction of the respective heat exchanger (1) deflects.

2. Heat exchanger device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flowed cross-section (Q) of the inflow surface of the or each heat exchanger (1) of walls (2a, 2b) of the housing (2) is limited.

3. Heat exchanger device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2) formed as a lid upper wall (2 a) and formed as a bottom bottom wall (2 b) and arranged therebetween and perpendicular thereto side walls (2 c), wherein the or each inflow opening (3) in the lower wall (2b) and the or each outflow opening (4) in a side wall (2c) is arranged.

4. Heat exchanger device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the or each heat exchanger (1) in an outflow opening (4) is arranged.

5. Heat exchanger device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the housing (2) at least one fan (6) with rotor blades (7) is arranged, wherein preferably each inflow opening (3) is associated with a fan (6).

6. Heat exchanger device according to claim 5, characterized in that the or each Einströmöff ung (3) by a in the interior of the housing (2) projecting nozzle ring (8) is surrounded, wherein the rotor blades (7) of the respective Einströmöffhung (3) associated fan (6) at least partially engage in the nozzle ring (8).

7. Heat exchanger device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2) comprises an upper wall (2a) which is opposite to the or each inflow opening (3) and that this upper wall (2a) at least one outer portion (20a ) and an inner portion (20c), wherein the outer portion (20a) adjacent to a heat exchanger (1) and the inflowed cross section (Q) of the inflow surface of this heat exchanger (1) limited and the inner portion (20b) in the direction of Inflow opening (3) opposite the outer portion (20a ') in the interior of the housing (2) projecting projection (9) is formed.

8. heat exchanger device according to claim 7, characterized in that on the projection (9) at least one fan (6) is fixed.

A heat exchanger device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the outer portion (20a) and the inner portion (20c) and the protrusion (9) projecting into the interior of the housing (2) in relation to the outer portion (20a) is formed by a trapezoidal sheet metal (20) arranged on the upper wall (2a) of the housing (2) the upper wall (2a) forms.

10. Heat exchanger device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the fan (6) has a plurality of radially extending rotor blades (7), wherein the rotor blades (7) in the axial direction of the fan (6) has a predetermined distance ( d) to the projection (9).

11. Heat exchanger device according to claim 10, characterized in that the axial distance (d) between the rotor blades (7) of the fan (6) and the projection (9) at least a quarter of the diameter (D) of the rotor blades (7).

12. Heat exchanger device according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the transition between the projection (9) and the outer portion (20a) of the upper wall (2a) by a curved or by an obtuse angle to the outer portion (20a) extending middle

Section (20b) is formed.

13. Heat exchanger device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the or each heat exchanger (1) is associated with at least one plate or strip-shaped air guide element (5), which within the flown cross section (Q) of the inflow surface in a longitudinal direction (L ) of the heat exchanger means.

14. Heat exchanger device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the or each air guide element (5) upstream and in the flow direction (jl, j2) is arranged at a distance from the inflow surface of the associated heat exchanger (1).

15. Heat exchanger device according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the or each air guide element (5) is angled or bent or streamlined and thereby deflects the air flow at least a partial flow (Sl) in the direction of the associated heat exchanger (1).

16. Heat exchanger device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each heat exchanger (1) two or more air guide elements (5, 5 ') are assigned, which within the flown cross section (Q) of the inflow surface of the respective heat exchanger (1) at a distance to each other and are arranged one above the other and / or next to each other.

17. Heat exchanger device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the housing (2) has two heat exchangers (la, lb) are arranged and each heat exchanger (la, lb) is associated with at least one air guide element (5a, 5b), wherein the arrangement the heat exchanger (la, lb) and the air guide elements (5a, 5b) is mirror-symmetrical to the central longitudinal plane of the housing (2).

Heat exchanger device according to one of claims 5 to 17, characterized in that the or each fan (6) is an axial fan, wherein the or each axial fan at least partially outside the flown cross section (Q) of the heat exchanger (1) or ., The heat exchanger (la, lb) is arranged.

19. Heat exchanger device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each heat exchanger (1) comprises a plurality of strands (Tl, T2, T3) grouped pipes (10) and each Heat exchanger (1) at least one air guide element (5, 5 ') is assigned, wherein the heat exchanger (1) associated air guide elements (5, 5') through the inflow opening (3) inflowing air flow into a plurality of partial streams (Sl, S2, S3).

20. A method for exchanging heat between air and a in a heat exchanger (1) guided fluid, wherein the heat exchanger (1) in a housing (2) with at least one inflow opening (3) and at least one outflow opening (4) is arranged and a Having inflow surface, characterized by the following steps:

- Suction of ambient air through the inlet opening (3) in the interior of the housing (2),

- Dividing the air flow of the sucked ambient air into at least two partial streams (Sl, S2) by flowing past the sucked ambient air to at least one air guide (5), which associated with the heat exchanger (1) and within the flown cross section (Q) of the inflow surface of the heat exchanger (1 ) is arranged

- Diverting at least one partial flow (Sl) through the or each air guide element (5) in the direction of the inflow surface of the heat exchanger

(1),

Inflow of the partial flows (Sl, S2) into the heat exchanger (1) at different points of the inflow surface,

- Outflow of the through the heat exchanger (1) conducted ambient air through the discharge port (4), after in the heat exchanger (1) a heat exchange between the sucked ambient air and in the heat exchanger (1) guided fluid is carried out.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that the partial flows (Sl, S2) the heat exchanger (1) in each case in a flow direction (jl, j2) flow through, wherein the flow directions (jl, j2) extend at least substantially parallel or obliquely to the horizontal.

22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the partial flows (Sl, S2) in different areas of the flowed

Cross section (Q) impinge on the inflow surface of the heat exchanger (1).

23. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the fluid is supplied to the heat exchanger (1) in liquid form and by the heat exchange with the sucked ambient air in the

Heat exchanger (1) evaporates.