EP3623741A1 - Launching unit for a munition - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a firing unit for ammunition, in particular for a signal rocket, comprising a tensioning sleeve (30), an impact element (90) mounted axially movably within the tensioning sleeve (30), a spring (20) for tensioning the impact element (90) the striking element (90) connected traction element (2), the traction element (2) being designed in two parts to be telescopic.

Description

The invention relates to a firing unit for ammunition, in particular for a signal rocket, comprising a tensioning sleeve, an impact element mounted axially movably within the tensioning sleeve, a tensioning element for tensioning the impact element and a pulling element connected to the impact element.

Known launch units for hand-held signal rockets can basically be divided into three different types, namely launch units with tear-off ignition, with lever release or with a twist grip. The ammunition is fired by triggering the firing unit.

Systems with lever release are, for example, from the DE 361 172 C. known.

A disadvantage of systems with lever release is that when the signal rocket is released, the operator warps it and thus shoots undirected. Furthermore, the reversibility is no longer given when the cap is lost. The lever of the launcher is then freely movable and therefore unsecured and open.

In systems with rotary ignition, the firing pin is tensioned by means of a rotary movement and the ignition is initiated. Due to the rotary movement as a trigger mechanism, however, there is a risk of tearing, since there is no directed axial firing in the firing direction. This version is comparatively complex to manufacture.

The DE 1 254 509 discloses a signal rocket with a detonator. The detonator is designed such that an ignition device is accommodated in the base plate of the signal rocket and this is connected directly to a cord. The cord is in turn connected to a locking cap, so that the signal rocket is triggered by tearing off the locking cap.

Other systems with detonations are out EP 0 277 275 B1 , DE 10 2007 015 248 A1 and from EP 0 679 860 B1 known. These are designed in such a way that a cord secured with a closure cap is formed on the bottom of the signal rocket for actuating the signal rocket. For this purpose, the cord is connected to a firing pin, which is guided within an adapter sleeve. If the cord is actuated, the firing pin is tensioned by means of a spring attached to the tensioning sleeve and then released by tearing off the cord so that the firing pin strikes a detonator and triggers it.

From the DD 288 725 A7 a launcher for light and signal rockets is known. The device has a triggering and securing mechanism which has a protective sleeve with a securing ring. The locking ring is attached to the head of the protective sleeve and secures a sliding button. If the locking ring is unlocked, the slide button can be actuated to trigger the launcher. For this purpose, a pull strap is provided on the sliding button, which extends to the bottom of the protective sleeve. In the bottom of the protective sleeve there is a firing pin which is pretensioned with a spring and which can be released by means of the sliding button. The disadvantage here is that the firing pin is always tensioned by the spring and is only secured. In principle, unwanted triggering is possible. Since the spring is permanently tensioned, the spring force diminishes and at some point it is no longer sufficient to transfer enough energy to the firing pin and to enable reliable firing.

From the DE 1 553 893 is a signal cartridge that triggers in response to a combined rotation and insertion movement.

From the DE 10 2007 052 728 A1 a pyrotechnic signaling device with an ignition device is known which has a detachable ignition. The igniter includes a base and a bottom part. The bottom part is connected to the base and is used to hold a primer. The base supports a firing pin that can be biased against the base using a spring. For this purpose, the firing pin is connected to a traction element, which releases the firing pin after a certain deflection.

The disadvantages of such a tear-off ignition are numerous. On the one hand, reversibility in the event of loss of the cap is no longer provided, or it is difficult or no longer possible to insert the cord with ball or the pulling element into the cap and then to attach it to the launching device. It is also possible that the cord or the traction element can get caught in items of clothing, as a result of which unintended triggering is possible. In addition, assembly is difficult and difficult to automate.

Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to create a launch unit with improved handling that is reversible.

This object is achieved by a launch unit of claim 1. Advantageous refinements and developments are the subject of the respective subclaims.

According to the invention, a firing unit for ammunition, in particular a signal rocket, preferably a hand-held signal rocket, is created, which comprises a clamping sleeve, a striking element mounted axially movably within the clamping sleeve, a tensioning element for tensioning the striking element and a traction element connected to the striking element. The traction element is designed to be telescopic. This means that the pulling element can be pulled apart or pushed together.

According to the invention, a system is thus created which allows simple handling and reliable ignition. Furthermore, due to the telescopic nature of the pulling element Direction of movement specified. This lies with the direction of the shot - that is, the direction of the axis of the striking element and the clamping sleeve - on a common axis, so that undirected pulling is no longer possible. Furthermore, the traction element can be secured so that it must be unlocked before telescoping. The traction element is in a rest position before telescoping. By pulling the pulling element, it is telescoped and the telescopic mechanism is extended. In this extended or telescoped state, the launch unit is in a secured and fire-ready state. The striking element is not yet deflected in this position. By further pulling on the pulling element, the striking element connected to the pulling element can be deflected and the tensioning element prestresses it against the deflection before it is released by further deflection of the pulling element and the firing unit is triggered.

According to the invention, an axial movement in the weft direction is thus provided. The ammunition is also fired in this axial direction. This actuation in the axial direction of the launch unit means that tearing due to undirected pulling is no longer possible. The telescopic design of the pulling element specifies the direction of movement of the release. Furthermore, the reversibility of the launch unit is given by the fact that the pulling element is designed to be telescopic. The pulling element can thus be telescoped out of the rest position into a ready-to-fire position, but can also be telescoped back into the rest position from the ready-for-fire position. After returning to this rest position, it can be provided that the pulling element can be secured again in this rest position. Reversibility is provided in that the pulling element can be telescopically returned to a safe initial state. Furthermore, since the tension member is designed to be telescopic, loss of the individual parts of the tension member is no longer possible.

In an embodiment of the invention, the tensioning element can be a spring.

In a further development of the invention, the pulling element can be formed in two parts, the pulling element comprising a spring tensioner connected to the striking element and a cap telescopically arranged to the spring tensioner. The spring tensioner is that Component of the tension member, which is connected to the striking element. The cap is provided telescopically to the spring tensioner. This can be retracted and extended compared to the spring tensioner. It can further be provided that the cap can be secured in the retracted position. The cap is used on the one hand to shield the spring tensioner from the outside and on the other hand to operate it after telescoping. Alternatively, the traction element can also be designed in more than two parts, for example three parts, four parts, etc.

In an embodiment of the invention it can be provided that the spring is attached to the circumferential side of the clamping sleeve. This ensures that no additional installation space for the spring has to be created within the clamping sleeve, but that this is simply pushed onto the circumferential side of the clamping sleeve. The dimensioning of the spring is therefore not coupled to the space available within the clamping sleeve in which the striking element is also arranged. It is therefore possible that there is more space available for dimensioning the spring.

In a further development of the invention it can also be provided that the spring tensioner has a longitudinal slot. It can also be provided that the clamping sleeve has at least one sleeve slot. The striking element can be a flat element and have at least one projection or hook. The protrusion or hook can extend through the longitudinal slot. Furthermore, the projection or the hook can extend through the sleeve slot. The protrusion or hook can engage the spring.

Characterized in that the spring tensioner has a longitudinal slot, this can receive the striking element in the longitudinal slot. It is also possible for the projection or the hook of the striking element to extend out of the spring tensioner. Since the clamping sleeve also has at least one sleeve slot, which is formed essentially parallel to the slot of the spring tensioner, the projection or the hook of the striking element can extend out of the spring tensioner and through the sleeve slot of the tensioning sleeve to the outside of the tensioning sleeve, where the latter the spring is engaged in such a way that the spring tensions the striking element when it is deflected from its rest position becomes. On the other hand, the spring tensioner can be dimensioned such that the spring tensioner expands elastically without radial counterpressure, so that the longitudinal slot widens and the forces between spring tensioner and impact element decrease. The design of a spring tensioner with a longitudinal slot and a striking element, which is designed as a flat element, creates a large contact area between the spring tensioner and the striking element, which allows a good frictional connection between these two elements, so that the spring tensioner is coupled to the firing pin is.

In an embodiment it can be provided that the launch unit has a securing sleeve connected to the tensioning sleeve. Furthermore, the invention can provide that the traction element has a reversibly releasable closure for securing the traction element.

In an embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the securing sleeve and the cap have a reversibly releasable closure for securing the cap on the securing sleeve. The reversibly releasable closure ensures that the cap can be detached from the securing sleeve and then secured again. Against this background, the term "reversibly detachable" means that the closure or the cap can be detached without being destroyed and then secured again. It is thus possible to bring the firing unit into a fire-ready and secured state and then to undo it and to secure the cap so that the firing unit can be stowed away and used for any later use.

In addition, in an advantageous further development of the launch unit, it can be provided that the reversibly releasable closure is a screw closure. Alternatively, it can be provided that the lock is a bayonet lock. It can further be provided that the cap has a thread and the securing sleeve has a thread, whereby the cap is reversibly releasably connected to the securing sleeve. The cap can preferably have an internal thread and the securing sleeve can have an external thread.

In a further development of the invention it can be provided that the spring tensioner has a guide area with a transverse bore. Furthermore, it can be provided that the striking element has a bore and an intermediate element is arranged in the transverse bore and the bore.

This is done in order to connect the spring tensioner and the impact element, which is arranged in the longitudinal slot of the spring tensioner, to the spring tensioner via the intermediate element. The intermediate element can preferably be a ball. By choosing the position of the groove and / or intermediate element, it is possible to determine in advance how the deflection of the spring tensioner relative to the clamping sleeve must be, so that the intermediate element is released and the impact element is released.

In addition, it can be provided that the bore is arranged at a distance from the head of the spring tensioner. The intermediate element can be arranged in the transverse bore and the bore such that the intermediate element is released when the spring tensioner is pulled out of the clamping sleeve around the first section.

In an embodiment, it can also be provided that the spring tensioner has a guide area with a circumferential groove. Furthermore, an intermediate element can be arranged between the inner wall of the clamping sleeve and the groove. This is done in order to preload the spring tensioner radially in such a way that the striking element, which is arranged in the longitudinal slot of the spring tensioner, is connected to the spring tensioner in a non-positive, in particular frictional manner. By selecting the intermediate element and / or the groove both with regard to the dimensions and with regard to the material, it is possible to set the amount of the radial preload and the force transmitted to the intermediate element in advance. Furthermore, through the choice of the position of the groove and / or intermediate element, it is possible to determine in advance how the deflection of the spring tensioner relative to the clamping sleeve must be, so that the intermediate element is released and the impact element is released. On the other hand, the spring tensioner can be dimensioned such that the spring tensioner expands elastically without radial counterpressure, so that the longitudinal slot becomes wider and the forces Remove between spring tensioner and impact element. The design of a spring tensioner with a longitudinal slot and a striking element, which is designed as a flat element, creates a large contact area between the spring tensioner and the striking element, which allows a good frictional connection between these two elements, so that the spring tensioner is coupled to the firing pin is.

It can preferably be provided that the groove is arranged at a distance from the head of the spring tensioner. It can further be provided that the intermediate element is arranged between the groove and the inner wall of the clamping sleeve. In addition, when the spring tensioner is pulled out of the tensioning sleeve around the first section, the intermediate element can be released, so that the frictional engagement, in particular the frictional engagement, between the spring tensioner and the striking element can be reduced or canceled such that the striking element is released.

In a further development it can be provided that the spring tensioner has a pin. Furthermore, the cap can have at least one, preferably two, three or four webs, each with a holding element, which are designed such that the cap can be displaced along the pin of the spring tensioner. This ensures, on the one hand, that the cap is secured to the pin of the spring tensioner and, on the other hand, ensures that it can be easily mounted with the spring tensioner and then does not unintentionally detach from it after installation.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the pin has a pin base which is shaped such that it forms a stop for the holding elements.

Finally, it can be provided in a further development that a primer cap connected to the clamping sleeve is arranged above the clamping sleeve.

The invention will be explained below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1

in einer schematischen Schnittdarstellung eine Abschusseinheit gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung in einer gesicherten und nicht feuerbereiten Position;

Fig. 2

in einer schematischen Schnittdarstellung die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Abschusseinheit in einer entsicherten und feuerbereiten Position;

Fig. 3

in einer schematischen Schnittdarstellung die in Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigte Abschusseinheit nach einem Auslösen; und

Fig.

4 in einer perspektivischen Darstellung einzelne Elemente der Abschusseinheit.

It shows:

Fig. 1

a schematic sectional view of a launch unit according to an embodiment of the invention in a secured and not fire-ready position;

Fig. 2

in a schematic sectional view the in Fig. 1 Shooting unit shown in an unlocked and fire-ready position;

Fig. 3

in a schematic sectional view the in Fig. 1 and 2nd Shooting unit shown after triggering; and

Fig.

4 shows a perspective illustration of individual elements of the launch unit.

In the 1 to 3 a firing unit 1 for an ammunition, in particular a signal rocket, according to an embodiment of the invention is shown in schematic sectional views.

The firing unit 1 comprises a tensioning sleeve 30 and a striking element 90 which is axially movably mounted within the tensioning sleeve 30. Furthermore, the firing unit 1 comprises a spring 20 as a tensioning element for tensioning the striking element 90 and a pulling element 2 connected to the striking element 90. The pulling element 2 can be telescoped in two parts educated.

The tension member 2 comprises a spring tensioner 10 and a cap 60 arranged telescopically to the spring tensioner 10. The spring tensioner 10 is an elongated component and comprises a pin 12 and a guide area 18. The guide area 18 of the spring tensioner 10 extends from a head 11 of the spring tensioner 10 downward. A stop 19 is formed below the guide area 18. This is in particular in the form of a plate 19. Below the pin 12 of the spring tensioner 10 connects. The pin base 14 is formed at the lower end of the pin 12. The guide area 18 has a first section 18.1 and a second section 18.2. The first section 18.1 extends from the head 11 of the pin 18 to to a transverse bore 17 of the pin. Below the transverse bore 17, the second section 18.2 of the guide area 18 connects. The guide area 18 of the spring tensioner 10 has a longitudinal slot 16. This extends downward from the head 11 of the spring tensioner 10 and serves to receive the striking element 90.

The cap 60 is arranged telescopically to the spring tensioner 10. For this purpose, the cap 60 is slidably mounted on the pin 12 of the spring tensioner 10. The pin base 14 and the stop 19 limit the range of motion of the cap 60 on the pin 12. The cap 60 has one or more webs 63, each of which has a holding element 64. The holding elements 64 are preferably designed as snap hooks. The pin base 14 has a chamfer over which the holding elements 64 slide over when the cap 60 is mounted on the spring tensioner 10. The top of cap 60 has an opening 66 and the bottom of cap 60 has a bottom. Handle elements 68 are formed on the side of the cap 60, which facilitate manual turning of the cap 60.

The launch unit 1 also has an adapter sleeve 30. The clamping sleeve 30 has an interior with a substantially cylindrical inner wall 32. The outer wall of the clamping sleeve 30 is also essentially cylindrical. The spring 20 is pushed circumferentially onto the clamping sleeve 30. A clamping sleeve flange 34 is formed on the bottom of the clamping sleeve 30. The clamping sleeve flange 34 forms a lower abutment for the spring 20. The clamping sleeve 30 is closed at the top by a head 38. The head 38 has a through hole 39, which is preferably formed in the center. Furthermore, the clamping sleeve 30 has at least one sleeve slot 36.

An ignition cap receptacle 80 is arranged on the head 38 of the clamping sleeve 30. The primer cap 80 is attached to the adapter sleeve. The primer cap receptacle 80 has a receiving part 82 and one of the projecting sections 84. The receiving part 82 serves to receive a primer 70. The primer cap 70 is fixed in its position in relation to the clamping sleeve 30 by the primer cap receptacle 80. The protruding section 84 also ensures that the spring 20 cannot slide off the clamping sleeve 30.

As described above, the spring tensioner 10 has a longitudinal slot 16 and the clamping sleeve 30 has at least one sleeve slot 36. The striking element 90 is designed as a flat element and has at least one projection, preferably two projections 92. The at least one projection 92 extends through the longitudinal slot 16 of the spring tensioner 10 and the sleeve slot 36 of the clamping sleeve 30 and is in engagement with the spring 20.

The firing unit 1 also has a securing sleeve 50 connected to the clamping sleeve 30. The securing sleeve 50 has a flange 54, with which the securing sleeve 50 is fastened to the clamping sleeve 30. Furthermore, the securing sleeve 50 has a guide area 56. This is essentially tubular and extends downward from the flange 54 of the securing sleeve 50. The guide area 56 serves to provide a guide for the cap 60. For this purpose, the diameter of the guide area 56 is designed such that it corresponds to an inner diameter of the cap 60. As a result, the cap 60 is given an additional guide, thereby preventing it from being jammed or jammed.

The securing sleeve 50 and the cap 60 have a reversibly releasable closure 52, 62 for securing the cap 60 on the securing sleeve 50. The closure 52, 62 is a screw closure and is configured as follows. The cap 60 has a thread 52, in particular an internal thread, and the securing sleeve 50 has a thread 62, in particular an external thread. Through the closure 52, 62, which is designed as a screw closure, the cap 60 is reversibly releasably connected to the securing sleeve 50.

As described above, the spring tensioner 10 has a guide region 18 with a transverse bore 17. An intermediate element 15 is arranged between the inner wall 32 of the clamping sleeve 30 and in the transverse bore 17 and the bore 94 of the striking element. The intermediate element 15 is preferably a ball. The intermediate element 15 is provided in order to releasably connect the spring tensioner 10 to the striking element 90. As a result, the striking element 90 is connected to the spring tensioner 10, so that Firing pin 90, spring tensioner 10 and cap 60 form a unit which is designed to be axially movable relative to the clamping sleeve 30.

The transverse bore 17 of the spring tensioner 10 is spaced apart from the head 11 of the spring tensioner 10 by a first section 18.1. The intermediate element 15 is arranged in the transverse bore 17 and the bore 94 such that when the spring tensioner 10 is pulled out of the clamping sleeve 30 by the first section 18.1, the intermediate element 15 is released, so that the connection between the spring tensioner 10 and the impact element 90 is broken, so that the striking element 90 is released. If the spring tensioner 10 is pulled out of the clamping sleeve 30, the spring tensioner 10 takes the striking element 90 with it and deflects it out of it when the deflection of the spring tensioner 10 is smaller than the first section 18.1 Fig. 1 shown unclamped rest position. When deflected from the rest position, the spring 20 is tensioned by the striking element 90. For this purpose, the striking element 90 has at least one projection 92 or hook which is connected to the spring 20 in such a way that it is pretensioned by deflecting the striking element 90 from the rest position. At the moment when the deflection of the spring tensioner 10 is greater than the first section 18.1 and the groove 17 is pulled out of the clamping sleeve 30, the striking element 90 is thus released and accelerated in the direction of the primer cap 70 by the prestressed spring. The striking element 90 has a striking piece which then shoots through the through-hole 39 of the clamping sleeve and strikes the primer cap 70 with sufficient energy to trigger it. By providing the groove 17 at a corresponding point on the spring tensioner 17 and corresponding selection of the spring constant of the spring 20, the energy which the striking element 90 transmits when it strikes the firing cap 70 is adjustable. By firing the primer 70, the actual firing of the ammunition is initiated.

A launch sleeve 40 is also provided. This can either be part of the launch unit 1 on which the launch unit 1 is mounted. The launching sleeve 40 is connected on the one hand to the clamping sleeve 30 and on the other hand to the securing sleeve 50. The launching sleeve 40 is tubular and extends upward from the flange 54 of the securing sleeve 50 substantially parallel to the clamping sleeve 30. The launch sleeve 40 surrounds the clamping sleeve 30 and takes this together with the Primer cap 80 and the components arranged on the clamping sleeve 30 on the inside. The ammunition to be fired is received in the firing sleeve 40 above the primer.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a launch unit according to an embodiment of the invention in a secured and not fire-ready position. The cap 60 is secured to the securing sleeve 50 by the closure 52, 62. The striking element 90 and the spring 20 are in their rest position, ie the spring is not under tension. The firing unit 1 is thus in a safe state and cannot be accidentally triggered by knocks or unintentional tearing out of the pulling element 2.

Fig. 2 shows in a schematic sectional view the in Fig. 1 Shooting unit shown in an unlocked and fire-ready position. The cap 60 is no longer secured to the securing sleeve 50 by the closure 52, 62. The striking element 90 and the spring 20 are in their rest position. I.e. the spring is not under tension. The tension member 2 is telescoped. For this purpose, the cap 60 is displaced downward along the pin 12 of the spring tensioner 10, so that it is extended as far as the pin base 14. In this position, the firing unit 1 is unlocked and ready to fire, ie the triggering process is initiated by further pulling out the pulling element 2. If firing of the firing unit 1 is not desired, it is possible to put the cap 60 over the securing sleeve 50 again, or in other words to put it back into its position Figure 1 Bring shown starting position and secure to the locking sleeve 50 using the closure 52, 62.

Fig. 3 shows in a schematic sectional view the in Fig. 1 and 2nd Shooting unit shown after triggering. The traction element 2 is separated from the rest of the launch unit 1. The firing pin 90 was struck against the primer 70 by means of the spring 20 when the pulling member 2 was separated from the rest of the launch unit 1 and has triggered the primer 70.

Fig. 4 shows a perspective view in the unassembled state of the clamping sleeve 30, the spring tensioner 10, the striking element 90, the intermediate element 15, the spring 20, the primer cap holder 80 and the primer cap 70. As in FIG Fig. 4 shown, the striking element 90 can be connected to the spring tensioner 10. For this purpose, the striking element 90 is positioned in the longitudinal slot 16 of the spring tensioner 10 such that the transverse bore 17 and the bore 94 are aligned with one another. This position can be locked by inserting the intermediate element 15, which is designed here as a ball, and inserted into the clamping sleeve 30, so that the striking element 90 is arranged in the sleeve slot 36 and is locked in the longitudinal direction. The striking element 90 has a flat, substantially rectangular structure. The bore 94 is formed approximately in the center. At the upper end of the striking element 90, the striking piece 96 extends in the longitudinal direction and two projections 92 are formed in the transverse direction. The striking element 90 is preferably a sheet metal part.

Reference list

1

Launch unit

2nd

Tension member

10th

Spring tensioner

11

Head of the spring tensioner

12th

Pin of the spring tensioner

14

Cone bottom

15

Intermediate element

16

Longitudinal slot

17th

Cross hole

18th

Leadership area

19th

Spring tensioner plate

20th

Clamping element

30th

Adapter sleeve

32

Interior wall

34

Adapter sleeve flange

36

slot

38

head

39

Through hole

40

Launch sleeve

50

Locking sleeve

52

Clasp

54

flange

56

Leadership area

60

cap

61

poetry

62

Clasp

63

web

64

Holding element

66

opening

68

Grip elements

69

ground

70

Primers

80

Primer cap

82

Recording part

84

protruding section

90

Impact element

92

head Start

94

drilling

96

Percussion

Claims (15)

Firing unit (1) for ammunition, in particular for a signal rocket, comprising at least
a tensioning sleeve (30), a striking element (90) mounted axially movably within the tensioning sleeve (30), a tensioning element (20) for tensioning the striking element (90), a tension member (2) connected to the striking element (90),
characterized in that
the traction element (2) is designed to be telescopic. Launch unit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the tensioning element (20) is a spring. Launch unit (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the pulling element (2) is constructed in two parts, the pulling element (2) having a spring tensioner (10) connected to the striking element (90) and a cap which is arranged telescopically to the spring tensioner (10) (60). Launch unit (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the spring (20) is attached to the circumferential side of the clamping sleeve (30). Launch unit (1) according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the spring tensioner (10) has a longitudinal slot (16), and the clamping sleeve (30) has at least one sleeve slot (36), and the striking element (90) has a flat surface Element and has at least one projection (92) or hook, the projection (92) or hook extending through the longitudinal slot (16) and the sleeve slot (36) and being in engagement with the tensioning element (20). Launch unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the launch unit (1) has a securing sleeve (50) connected to the tensioning sleeve (30). Launch unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the securing sleeve (50) and the cap (60) have a reversibly releasable closure (52, 62) for securing the cap (60) on the securing sleeve (50). Launch unit (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the reversibly releasable closure (52, 62) is a screw closure, the cap (60) having a thread (52) and the securing sleeve (50) having a thread (62), whereby the cap (60) is reversibly releasably connected to the securing sleeve (50). Launch unit (1) according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the spring tensioner (10) has a guide region (18) with a transverse bore (17) and the striking element (90) has a bore (94) and in the transverse bore (17 ) and the bore (94) an intermediate element (15) is arranged. Launch unit (1) according to Claim 9, characterized in that the bore is arranged at a distance from the head (11) of the spring tensioner (10) by a first section (18.1) and the intermediate element (15) is arranged in the transverse bore (17) and the bore (94) is arranged such that when the spring tensioner (10) is pulled out of the clamping sleeve (30) around the first section (18.1), the intermediate element (15) is released. Firing unit (1) according to one of Claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the spring tensioner (10) has a guide region (18) with a circumferential groove and an intermediate element (between the inner wall (32) of the tensioning sleeve (30) and the groove) 15) is arranged. Launch unit (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the groove is arranged at a distance from the head (11) of the spring tensioner (10) by a first section (18.1) and the intermediate element (15) is arranged between the groove and the inner wall (32) of the tensioning sleeve (30) is arranged such that when the spring tensioner (10) is pulled out of the clamping sleeve (30) around the first section (18.1), the intermediate element (15) is released. Launch unit (1) according to one of claims 3 to 12, characterized in that the spring tensioner (10) has a pin (12) and the cap (60) at least one, preferably two, three or four webs (63), each with a holding element (64), which are designed such that the cap (60) can be moved along the pin (12) of the spring tensioner (10). Firing unit (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that the pin (12) has a pin base (14) which is shaped such that it forms a stop for the holding elements (64). Launch unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a primer cap receptacle (80) connected to the tensioning sleeve (30) is arranged above the tensioning sleeve (30).

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