EP3076122A1 - System for triggering of avalanches - Google Patents

Abstract

System for triggering an avalanche with a unilaterally closable tube (1), a propellant charge (2) and a wurfladung (3), which can be introduced into the area of an avalanche slope and detonated in this, wherein the Wurfladung (3) at least one explosive charge (38), at least one of the explosive charge (38) ignitable primer (36), at least one ignition mechanism (34) and a tension element (33), wherein primer (36) and ignition mechanism (34) in particular via a fuse (35) connected to each other are, and wherein the tension element (33) with the ignition mechanism (34) is operatively connected, wherein the tension element (33) has at least one stop element which at at least one of the tube (1) provided for stop (13) can be stopped, wherein by the Stopping the ignition mechanism (34) with the tension element (33) is actuated.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to a system for triggering avalanches, as well as a pipe, a wurfladung and a tension member for such a system.

STATE OF THE ART

From the EP 0 798 536 A device for triggering avalanches is known, in which an explosive charge and a propellant charge can be arranged in a pipe closed on one side and wherein the explosive charge with the propellant charge can be conveyed into an avalanche slope. In order to prevent the explosive charge from being ignited before leaving the tube, an igniting mechanism, which is arranged on the explosive charge, is fastened to the tube by a pulling element. When the explosive charge is inserted in the pipe, the ignition mechanism is disposed on the muzzle side of the pipe. This has the consequence that the length of the tension element at least the axial length of the tube must be equal to prevent the ignition before leaving the tube.

Such a device has the particular disadvantage that the tube must have a lateral slot, so that the tension element can be guided to the explosive charge inserted into the tube. The slot causes a portion of the pressure generated by the propellant charge to escape through the slot. This leads to a reduction in the throwing distance of the explosive charge. Furthermore, the connection of the tension element with the ignition mechanism is not very user-friendly. The arrangement of the tension element outside the tube with the associated return device, for example in the Shape of a spring, needs space, which is disadvantageous for the arrangement of several tubes side by side and is prone to failure. If the tension element is provided with a protective device, the user-friendliness is further reduced. In addition, the length of the tension member carries the risk that this entangled and the ignition is not normal, but before leaving the pipe, which poses a threat to users and equipment.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a system in which the above-mentioned disadvantages are avoided.

This object is achieved by a system having the features of claim 1, a tube with the features of claim 10, a wurfladung with the features of claim 13 and a tension member having the features of claim 14.

A system according to the invention for triggering an avalanche or the like has a pipe which can be closed on one side, a propellant charge and a spit load, wherein the spit charge can be brought into the area of an avalanche slope and detonated therein.

A tube with a circular cross-section is preferred. However, other cross sections such as rectangle, square or hexagon are possible.

The Wurfladung can be arranged in the pipe and the propellant charge can be arranged in the pipe between the Wurfladung and the closable side of the tube. The propellant charge from the pipe into the avalanche slope can be conveyed by the propellant charge. The Wurfladung has at least one explosive charge, at least one igniting the explosive charge detonator, at least one ignition and a tension element, wherein detonator and ignition are connected in particular via a fuse, and wherein the tension element is operatively connected to the ignition.

The tension element has at least one stop element which can be abutted against at least one stop provided on the tube, wherein the firing mechanism can be actuated by the striking element with the tension element.

Preferably, two ignition mechanisms are provided, for example in the form of rip-off igniters, each of which is connected via a fuse to a squib. The primers are arranged so that they can ignite the explosive charge safely. To increase the reliable ignition, a detonating cord can be arranged on each detonator, which is arranged on the explosive charge such that it ignites the explosive charge safely. Alternatively, a common detonating cord with one free end each can be arranged on one of the detonator capsules. This reduces the number of parts without adversely affecting the safety of the ignition.

The explosive charge, an essential part of the detonating cord and the detonating cord, as well as the ignition mechanism are arranged in a common housing, wherein the housing has a jacket tube, a lid and a bottom.

The connection of fuse and primer, or primer and detonating cord can be done inside or outside the housing. If it is inside, all elements are protected by the housing from external influences. If the connection is made outside, this has the advantage that the explosive charge is not sharpened until shortly before the introduction of the endowment charge into the tube, i. that the explosive charge or the detonating cord and the explosive charge can be ignited at all. This increases the safety during transport and storage, since, for example, by a faulty manipulation and accidental release of the ignition mechanism no detonation of the detonating cord or explosive charge can take place.

The length of the fuse determines the time to ignition of the detonating cord, or the explosive charge.

Preferably, the stop of the tube is arranged in an orifice region or at the mouth and the tension element in a rear region of the Wurfladung. This arrangement of the two elements ensures that the ignition mechanism is operated only when the most part of the nuisance load, but certainly the explosive charge, has already left the pipe. This ensures that the explosive charge does not explode in the pipe and prevents the pipe itself or surrounding equipment or buildings from being damaged.

Preferably, the stop is outside and then arranged on the circumference of the Wurfladung on the pipe. The distance between the stop and the circumference of the wurfladenung should be so dimensioned that a collision of the Wurfladung with the stop geometrically is not possible. However, the stop should be located as close as possible to the circumference of the Wurfladung, so that the dimensions of the tension element can be kept as small as possible. Such a design is compact and safe to trip.

It is advantageous if the tension element strikes the stop in a secured environment, i. in an area where external influences can not influence. To achieve this, this area will be covered and shielded from the environment. This can be done in a simple way by designing the mouth area of the pipe to accomplish this task. In order now to form a stop in the mouth region or at the mouth, it is advantageous to increase this area in diameter, i. expand in the clear width and form a stop which extends from the pipe inner wall against the pipe interior.

In a preferred embodiment, the stop is designed as a circumferential collar with the tube, wherein the collar can be formed together in one piece with the tube wall in the mouth region or attached thereto.

In order to simplify a frontal loading of the tube, ie the introduction of the Wurfladung in the tube from the mouth side, the circumferential collar may be interrupted by at least one recess, preferably by two circumferentially opposed recesses. The recesses are then designed such that the tension element can pass unhindered through the recesses. In order to guarantee in this case a striking of the tension element on the stop of the tube when the Wurfeladung is ejected, the Wurfladung must be rotated after passing the recess about its longitudinal axis, so that the wurfladenung is oriented such that the abutting part of the tension member is in an area adjacent to the recess.

The rotation can be done manually or it can be brought about by guide elements in or on the pipe in the mouth region of the tube.

In order to recognize that the lunar load has a desired orientation, it is advantageous if markings which are visible on the litter load are present, which indicate the orientation. For example, the mark may be a color or shape mark, for example a notch. Alternatively, a marking element can be attached to the exterior of the sausage load which, for example, fits into the recess and can additionally be designed to be flush with the collar when the sausage load is in the predetermined position of use.

Preferably, the pulling element is arranged on a side of the ignition charge opposite to a bottom of the ignition charge and the bottom has openings for the passage of connecting elements, which connect the tension element and the ignition mechanism with each other. As a result, the part of the Wurfladung, with ignition mechanism, explosives, detonators and detonating cord is the rear side almost completely separated from the environment. This is important because then the propellant charge is located at the rear-end part of the Wurfladung when both components are inserted in a pipe as intended.

The arrangement of the tension element on the rear side of the bottom of the Wurfladung has the additional advantage that when striking the tension element on the stop on the tube, only the tension element and the connecting element and parts of the ignition remain in the tube and the remaining parts of the wurfladung be ejected. Therefore, on the one hand only small forces acting on the stop, which increases its life and on the other hand, only small retention forces act on the Wurfladung. In essence, only the tensile force of the teaser and the forces of attachment of the tension member to the floor act as restraining forces in the longitudinal direction. Optionally, the traction element can be additionally provided with a bottom cover, which causes an additional rear-side separation and on the one hand additionally protects the content of the Wurfladung from propellant charge and on the other hand protects the tension element from undesirable environmental influences.

The tension element preferably protrudes laterally beyond the circumference of the sausage load in the region of the stop. This allows a good guidance of the Wurfladung in the pipe to the area of the stop. The tension element can be designed such that it protrudes beyond the circumference of the wurflad only in the region of the stop or it can do so permanently. A continuous projection of the circumference by the tension element allows a simpler design of the tension element, but requires a more complicated design of the tube.

In a preferred embodiment, the tension element has at least one, preferably two opposing abutment elements, which are movable from a first position within the circumference of the wurfladenung to a second position outside the periphery of the Wurfladung, preferably slidably, pivotally or rotatably and wherein each stop element Resetting element is assigned, wherein the force acting on the return element of the return element causes the stop element without external force enters the second position outside the scope of the Wurfladung. The double design increases the certainty that at least one of the stop elements abuts the stop of the tube. In addition, the opposite arrangement of the stop elements causes a uniform distribution of the impact forces, which ultimately leads to a uniform distribution of forces act on the ejected part of the Wurfladung. The even force on the Wurfladung has a positive effect on their trajectory, which improves the predictability of the landing site.

Depending on the field of application, another embodiment of a pipe according to the invention is preferred. In avalanche boxes, a plurality of tubes are arranged side by side in a common housing. This embodiment is suitable for stationary use with the avalanche boxes positioned over an avalanche endangered slope. Usually, therefore, no large casting distances are needed. The Throw distance depends on the strength of the propellant charge and on the trajectory of the charcoal. The longer the pipe is, the better the charge is guided and the calmer its trajectory. Because avalanche boxes do not require large casting distances, shorter tubes can be used. For short tubes, frontal loading is easier.

A pipe which is suitable for the frontal loading may be tightly closed by a bottom in a rear region opposite the mouth region and the pipe may at least partially have a first widening of the circumference from a pipe jacket to the mouth region over the circumference. The first widening of the circumference allows the stop member to move from the first position within the periphery of the weft load to the second position outside the periphery. The first expansion may be discontinuous or may form a substantially continuous transition between the pipe jacket and the mouth region. In a substantially continuous transition reduce the forces acting on the tension element, which arise because the stop elements move from the first to the second position.

In front loading, the propellant charge must be introduced into the pipe before the spitting load can be introduced. Since the propellant charge is usually via an electric ignition by means of a cable, a channel must be provided for guiding the cable, which leads from the propellant to the outside. Since no good guidance of the Wurfladung is needed, the game between the Wurfladung and the pipe can be generously sized so that the cable has no space and jammed when ejecting the Wurfladung between this and the pipe.

For long casting distances, long tubes are needed to transfer as much of the force generated by the propellant charge to the charcoal and to keep the charcoal charge as long as possible.

Such a tube is preferably closable in a tail region opposite the mouth region by a closure and the tube has a first widening from the tube jacket to the mouth region and from the tube jacket to to the rear area a second expansion of the circumference. The closeability of the tube in the rear makes it possible that the tube from the rear, ie rear side can be loaded. The second expansion in the rear area facilitates the introduction of the Wurfladung in the tube. The laterally projecting beyond the circumference of the Wurfladung stop elements of the tension element are pressed during insertion of the Wurfladung in the pipe by the taper of the second expansion from the rear area to the pipe casing against the longitudinal axis of the Wurfladung inside.

After the rearward introduction of the Wurfladung the propellant charge must be introduced into the pipe and then the rear area of the pipe is to close as close as possible. Since the ignition of the propellant usually by an electric ignition by means of a cable, a channel must be provided for the guidance of the cable, which leads from the propellant to the outside. A recess arranged in the closure, for example a bore or a channel, is suitable as such a cable channel.

In order to simplify the introduction of the propellant charge in the tube and to use as possible the entire tube length, a vorzugsweiser closure on its side facing the tube interior side a recess for receiving a propellant charge, which is arranged such that the propellant charge in the operational position of the closure can then be arranged in the direction of the rear region to the region of the tubular jacket.

The in the above-listed pipes usable Wurfladungen are substantially the same for both tubes.

The Wurfladung has at least one explosive charge, at least one, preferably two detonators igniting the explosive charge, each with a Anzündmechanismus and a tension element, wherein detonator and Ignition are in particular connected via a fuse, and wherein the tension element is operatively connected to the ignition. Such double ignition with two primers, each with a primer mechanism may be required by law in automatic ejection from pipes.

The tension element has at least one stop element which can be abutted against at least one stop provided on the tube, wherein the firing mechanism can be actuated by the striking element with the tension element.

Preferably, two ignition mechanisms are provided, for example in the form of rip-off igniters, each of which is connected via a fuse to a squib. The primers are arranged so that they can ignite the explosive charge safely. To increase the reliable ignition, a detonating cord can be arranged on each detonator, which is arranged on the explosive charge such that it ignites the explosive charge safely. Alternatively, a common detonating cord with one free end each can be arranged on one of the detonator capsules. This reduces the number of parts without adversely affecting the safety of the ignition.

A preferred pulling element has at least one, preferably two opposing stop elements, which are movable from a first position within the circumference of the wurfladenung in a second position outside the periphery of the Wurfladung, preferably displaceable, pivotable or rotatable and wherein each stop element is associated with a return element wherein the force acting on the return element force of the return element causes the stop element without external force enters the second position outside the scope of the Wurfladung.

Preferably, the tension element has at least one, preferably two opposing stop elements, which are movable from a first position within the circumference of the Wurfladung in a second position outside the periphery of the Wurfladung, preferably displaceable, pivotable or rotatable and wherein each stop element is associated with a return element wherein the force acting on the return element force of the return element causes the stop element without external force enters the second position outside the scope of the Wurfladung.

Further embodiments are given in the dependent claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1

einen Längsschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemässes System zum Auslösen einer Lawine,

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines frontbeladbaren erfindungsgemässen Rohres,

Fig. 3

eine Seitenansicht des Rohres der Figur 2,

Fig.4

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines heckbeladbaren erfindungsgemässen Rohres,

Fig. 5

einen Längsschnitt durch den Mündungsbereich des Rohres der Figur 4,

Fig. 6

einen Längsschnitt durch den Heckbereich des Rohres der Figur 4 mit eingesetzter Treib- und Wurfladung,

Fig. 7

eine perspektivische Teilansicht des Heckbereichs einer erfindungsgemässen Wurfladung,

Fig. 8

eine perspektivische Ansicht des im Boden der Wurfladung angeordneten Zugelements ohne Bodenabdeckung,

Fig. 9

einen Längsschnitt durch die Wurfladung von Figur 8 entlang des Zugelements,

Fig. 10

einen Längsschnitt durch das Zugelement der Figur 8 und

Fig. 11

die Funktionsweise des Zugelements beim Auswerfen der Wurfladung.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, which are given by way of illustration only and are not to be interpreted as limiting. In the drawings show:

Fig. 1

a longitudinal section through an inventive system for triggering an avalanche,

Fig. 2

a perspective view of a frontloadable inventive tube,

Fig. 3

a side view of the tube of FIG. 2 .

Figure 4

a perspective view of a rear-loading inventive tube,

Fig. 5

a longitudinal section through the mouth region of the tube of the FIG. 4 .

Fig. 6

a longitudinal section through the rear region of the tube FIG. 4 with inserted propellant and Wurfladung,

Fig. 7

3 is a partial perspective view of the rear region of a Wurfladung according to the invention,

Fig. 8

a perspective view of the arranged in the bottom of the Wurfladung tension element without bottom cover,

Fig. 9

a longitudinal section through the Wurfladung of FIG. 8 along the tension element,

Fig. 10

a longitudinal section through the tension element of FIG. 8 and

Fig. 11

the operation of the tension element when ejecting the Wurfladung.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through an inventive system for triggering an avalanche or the like with a unilaterally closed tube 1, a propellant charge 2 and a Wurfladung 3, wherein the Wurfladung 3 is arranged in the tube 1 and the propellant charge 2 in the pipe 1 between the Wurfladung 3 and the closed side, ie, the bottom 15 of the tube 1 is arranged, through which the wurfladen 3 from the tube 1 in the avalanche slope is conveyed.

For launchers to which the above-mentioned pipe 1 belongs, the front part is referred to as the front and the front opposite part as the rear. The outlet opening is called the mouth.

A first embodiment of a front-loading tube 1 according to the invention, which is separated into the Figures 2 and 3 is shown, has a tube shell 10 with a circular cross section, which extends over a length which is a multiple of the diameter of the tube 1. The diameters are in the range of 60 to 200 millimeters, preferably 90 to 170 millimeters and the lengths in the range of 350 to 800 millimeters, preferably 400 to 600 millimeters. Such tubes 1 have a wall thickness of 2 to 5 millimeters, preferably 2.5 to 3 millimeters.

The tube 1 then has, on the tube jacket 10, a first widening 12, to which an opening region 11 adjoins in the extension. The mouth region 11 has a larger pipe diameter than the pipe jacket 10. The widening 12 has a linear increase in the diameter from the tube jacket 10 to the mouth region 11. The diameters are in the range of 80 to 250 millimeters, preferably 110 to 190 millimeters. The total length of the mouth region 11 and widening 12 is 100 to 200 millimeters, preferably 130 to 160 millimeters, wherein the expansion 12 constitutes one third to half of the total length. Due to the linear increase of the diameter results in the cross section, a first expansion angle α1 of 5 to 25 degrees, preferably 10 to 15 degrees.

The length of the expansion results from the time that the stop elements 331 of the in the FIG. 10 individually shown tension member 33 need to move from a first position, within the scope of the Wurfladung, in a second position outside the circumference of the Wurfladung and the speed which reaches the Wurfladung 3 in the pipe 1 before ejection. The speed can be influenced by the propellant charge 2 and speeds of 200 to 300 kilometers per hour can be set.

At the mouth 110 of the tube 1, an inwardly directed collar 13 is arranged, which serves as a stop for the tension element 33 of the Wurfladung 3. The collar 13 has two circumferentially opposed recesses 14, which facilitate the insertion of the Wurfladung 3 in the tube 1 by the laterally projecting beyond the circumference of the Wurfladung 3 elements of the tension element 33 can be inserted through these recesses 14. The collar may have more than just two regularly or irregularly distributed on the circumference recesses, which should coincide with the number and distribution of the stop elements of the tension element. By the collar 13 results in the mouth 110, a smaller diameter, which is smaller than the diameter of the mouth region, but slightly larger, i. one to a few millimeters, as the diameter of the jacket tube 10 is. This prevents tilting of the Wurfladung 3 at its ejection.

The tube 1 has on its outer side an alignment element 100, which is designed such that it can be accommodated in a receptacle provided for a holder, not shown, so that the tube 1 has a predetermined orientation. Furthermore, a fastening element 111 is arranged on the outside of the pipe, to which an ignition cable 23 of the propellant charge 2 can be attached.

The tube 1 is preferably made of stainless steel, for example X5CrNi18-10.

Alternatively, it can be made of aluminum.

The tube shell 10, the mouth region 11, the expansion 12 and the collar 13 and the bottom 15 are sheet metal parts, which are welded together. However, mouth region 11, widening 12 and collar can also be milled parts, which are integrally formed with each other or connected to each other.

The propellant charge 2 has a housing 20 in which a charge 21 and an igniter 22 are arranged. Usually black powder is used as a charge and the ignition takes place by means of electric igniters. Alternatively, other known and proven explosives may be used as a charge. An electric ignition cable 23 allows the connection to a power source, not shown, with which the propellant charge 2 can be ignited. The ignition cable 23 is guided between the tube 1 and the Wurfladung 3 to the muzzle 110, where it can then be deflected laterally and fastened to the fastening element 111.

The Wurfladung 3 has a housing 30, 31, 32, in which an explosive charge 38, an explosive charge to the explosive charge 38 detonating cord 37 and two fuses 35 and each one arranged on a fuse 35 ignition mechanism 34 in the form of a Reisszünders. Suitable explosive charges, detonating cords and fuses are known in the art. The housing 30, 31, 32 of the Wurfladung 3 has a jacket tube 30, a jacket cover 31 and a jacket bottom 32, which are at least partially inserted in the jacket tube 30 and fixedly connected to this, for example glued. In the jacket cover 31 holes 310 are provided, through which the fuses 35 and detonating cords 37 are led to the outside, where they are connected to ignition connectors 36.

As in the FIGS. 7 to 9 Shown in detail, the jacket bottom 32 has a body 320, in which the tear detonators 34 and the tension element 33 are arranged. In order to receive the tear detonators 34, the body 320 has bores 323 which, in the operative position of the bottom, lead from the interior of the endowment charge through the bottom to the outside. The detonators are clamped or glued in the holes provided. The outwardly directed in the operating position surface of the bottom 32 has a first recess 321 for receiving the tension element 33 and has second recesses 322, which are a broadening of the first recess 321 in the region of the connection of the Zisszündern with the tension element 33. The first recess 321 is a continuous groove extending from one side of the bottom surface to the opposite side of the bottom surface. The dimensions of the groove are matched to those of the tension member so that it can be clamped or glued into the groove. The second recesses 322 are circular recesses which are arranged in the extension of the bores 323 and whose diameter is greater than that of the bore 323. By the second recess 322, it is easier to connect the tension element 33 with the Zippers 34. For this purpose, connecting elements 324 are used, for example a wire.

Optionally, the bottom surface and the recesses therein may be at least partially covered by a bottom cover 39, as shown in FIG FIG. 7 is shown.

The jacket tube 30 is usually made of cardboard, lid 31 and bottom 32 made of wood and the bottom cover 39 made of a refractory film. Alternatively, the bottom cover 39 may be made of cardboard or wood. In these cases, however, make sure that the bottom cover 39 is only very slightly attached to the bottom 32 and the tearing of the tension member 33 is not hindered by the bottom cover 39 and its attachment to the bottom 32.

The FIG. 10 shows a longitudinal section through the tension element 33 of FIG. 8 , The tension element 33 has a sleeve-shaped basic body 330, in the interior of which a compression spring 332 is centrally arranged, which presses on pins 331 which are also arranged laterally outside the spring 332 in the interior of the sleeve 330. In order to prevent the pins 331 from being pushed out of the sleeve 330 by the spring 332, sleeve-shaped inserts 333 are arranged at each free end of the sleeve-shaped basic body 330 in the interior thereof and the pins 331 have a thickening on their side directed towards the center. which can strike 333 on the inside of an insert. The inserts 333 may be pressed into the body 330 or glued into it.

The tension element is essentially made of metal or coated metal. Preferably, the sleeve 330 and inserts 333 are stainless steel and the pins 331 are brass. Alternatively, the tension element can also be made of a robust plastic.

The FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a rear-loading inventive tube 4. As in the front-loadable embodiment, the tube 4 has a jacket tube 40, an orifice portion 41 and a first widening 41 connecting these two areas. In contrast to the front-loading pipe 1, the rear-loading pipe 4 is longer and has a rear region 44 which has a similar or the same inner diameter as the mouth region 41. The rear region 44 is substantially tightly closable with a closure 5. The tube 4 can be arranged by means of a pipe attachment 6 to a holder, not shown, wherein the holder together with the attachment 6 allows alignment of the tube 4.

Between the casing tube 40 and the rear portion 44, a second expansion 45 is arranged and connects the two areas with each other. The second expansion 45 has a continuous increase in the inner diameter of the casing tube 40 to the rear portion 44.

The FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section through the mouth portion 41 of the tube 4 of FIG. 4 , The mouth region 41 is formed integrally with the first widening 42, and the collar 43 is arranged on the side of the mouth region 41 opposite the first widening 42 on the end side thereof. The inner dimensions, ie the inner diameter of jacket tube 40, mouth region 41, mouth 410 and first widening 42 correspond to those of the front-loading tube 1.

However, the ranges are longer because the speeds of the Wurfladung 3 in rear-loading pipe 4 are greater than those of the front loading pipe 1. The length of the jacket tube 40 is 1600 to 2200 millimeters, preferably 1800 to 2000 millimeters and the length of the mouth portion 41 together with the first widening 42 is 150 to 350 millimeters, preferably 200 to 250 millimeters. The first Expansion angle α1 is in a similar range as the front loading pipe 1. The wall thicknesses are greater in this tube 4, since they must withstand the use of stronger propellant charges 2 greater forces. The wall thicknesses are between 4 and 10 millimeters, preferably 6 to 8 millimeters FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section through the rear portion 44 of the tube 4 of FIG. 4 with inserted propellant charge 2 and Wurfladung 3. The rear portion 44 is formed integrally with the second expansion 45. The closure 5 is detachably arranged in the rear region 44 and protrudes into the region of the second expansion 45. The outer shape of the closure fits complementary to the inner shape of the rear region and the second expansion. The detachable connection between the tube 4 and closure 5 is realized by a thread 46, 51. Alternatively, it can be realized by a bayonet lock.

The closure 5 has a rotationally symmetrical body 50 with a conical and a cylindrical portion, wherein the conical portion fits complementary in the interior of the second expansion 45 and wherein the cylindrical part fits complementarily in the interior of the rear portion 44. The body 50 has, in the end face adjoining the conical section, a first recess 52 for receiving the propellant charge 2, which is embodied such that the propellant charge 2 is at least partially accommodated in the first recess 52 and the propellant charge 2 subsequently adjoins the cylindrical one Jacket tube 40 connects when the shutter 5 is in the operational position in the tube 4. This requires that an inserted into the pipe 4 Wurfladung 3 extends only in the region of the jacket tube 40 with the constant diameter. In order to facilitate the introduction of the Wurfladung, the second expansion 45 in cross-section on a second expansion angle α2, which has a similar range of values as the first expansion angle α1.

On the opposite side of the first recess 52, the closure 5 has a second recess 53, which is configured such that an operator can engage at least a part of his fingers in the second recess 53 to the closure 5 from the tube by means of gripping elements 55 4 to solve. Shown in the FIGS. 4 and 6 is a handle 55 in the form of a rod, which extends transversely through the second recess 53 and arranged rearwardly in this, so that the fingers of a user engaging in the second recess 53, the handle at least partially can enclose.

From the front-side first recess 52 extends a bore 54 to the rear side second recess 53, which is configured such that the electric cable of the propellant charge can be passed through it. In the assembled state, this allows the guidance of the electric cable from the interior of the tube 4 to the outside.

The FIG. 11 shows the operation of the tension element 33 when ejecting the Wurfladung 3. Shown is a frontbeladbares tube, the operation is the same as the rear-loading tube.

The Figure 11A shows the Wurfladung 3 after ignition when the tension element 33 is still in the region of the tube shell 10 and the pins 331 are pressed through the tube shell 10 inward. The FIG. 11B shows the Wurfladung 3 at a later time when the tension element 33 is located in the mouth region 11 and the pins 331, the outwardly following the tube wall following, have moved outwardly and protrude beyond the circumference, or the diameter of the wurfladen addition. The FIG. 11C shows the Wurfladung at an even later time when the tension element 33 abuts with the laterally extended pins 331 on the stop 13 of the tube and gets caught and moves the rest of the Wurfladung on. As the distance between the traction element and the remainder of the end-charge increases, the traction element 33 pulls on the teaser 34 causing the ignition of the fuse 35 to be triggered. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 1 Pipe for front loading 332 feather 10 pipe casing 333 commitment 100 aligning 34 rice detonator 11 mouth area 35 fuse 110 muzzle 36 igniter connector 111 fastener 37 detonating cord 12 first expansion 38 explosive charge 13 collar 39 ground cover 14 recess 4 Tube for rear loading 15 ground 40 casing pipe 2 propellant 41 mouth area 20 casing 410 muzzle 21 charge 411 orifice bore 22 fuze 42 first expansion 23 ignition cable 43 collar 3 throw charge 44 rear area 30 casing pipe 45 second expansion 31 coat cover 46 thread 310 drilling 5 shutter 32 jacket bottom 50 body 320 body 51 thread 321 first recess 52 first recess 322 second recess 53 second recess 323 drilling 54 drilling 324 connecting element 55 Handle 33 tension element 6 attachment 330 shell α1 first widening angle 331 pen α2 second expansion angle

Claims (14)

A system for triggering an avalanche or the like with a tube (1, 4) which can be closed on one side, a propellant charge (2) and a crawl load (3) which can be introduced into the area of an avalanche slope and detonated therein, wherein the cortical load (3 ) in the pipe (1, 4) can be arranged and the propellant charge (2) in the pipe (1, 4) between the Wurfladung (3) and the closable side of the tube (1, 4) can be arranged, through which the Wurfladung (3) from the tube (1, 4) can be conveyed into the avalanche slope and wherein the litter load (3) at least one explosive charge (38), at least one detonator (36) ignitable the explosive charge (38), at least one ignition mechanism (34) and a tension element ( 33), wherein primer (36) and ignition mechanism (34) in particular via a fuse (35) are interconnected, and wherein the tension element (33) with the ignition mechanism (34) is operatively connected, characterized in that the tension element (33) at least one stop element ( 331) which can be abutted against at least one stop (13) provided on the tube (1), it being possible to actuate the firing mechanism (34) with the tension element (33) by striking. System according to claim 1, wherein the abutment (13) of the tube (1, 4) in an orifice region (11, 41) or at the mouth (110, 410) is arranged and wherein the tension element in a rear region of the Wurfladung (3) is. System according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stop (13) outside and then to the periphery of the Wurfladung (3) on the tube (1, 4) is arranged. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the stop (13) extends from the tube inner wall against the tube interior. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the stop (13) as a circumferential collar with the tube (1, 4) is formed. System according to claim 5, wherein the circumferential collar (13) is interrupted by at least one recess (14), preferably by two circumferentially opposed recesses (14). System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tension element (33) is arranged on a side of the ignition charge (34) opposite a bottom (32) of the charge (3) and wherein the bottom (32) has openings (323) for the passage of connecting elements (32). 324) interconnecting the tension member (33) and the firing mechanism (34). System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tension element (33) in the region of the stop (13) projects laterally beyond the circumference of the sausage charge (3). A system according to claim 8, wherein the tension member (33) has at least one, preferably two opposing abutment members (331) movable from a first position within the perimeter of the litter load (3) to a second position outside the perimeter of the litter load (3) are, preferably displaceable, pivotable or rotatable, and wherein each stop element (331) is associated with a restoring element (332), wherein the force of the restoring element (332) acting on the restoring element (332) causes the stop element (331) to exert itself without an external force moved to the second position outside the perimeter of the Wurfladung (3). Tube (1) for use with a system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tube (1) is sealed in a region opposite the mouth region (11) by a bottom (15) and the tube (1) is surrounded by a tube jacket ( 10) to the mouth region (11) over the circumference at least partially a first expansion (12) of the circumference. Tube (4) for use with a system according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the tube (4) in a the mouth region (41) opposite the rear region (44) by a closure (5) is tightly closed and wherein the tube (4 ) has a first widening (42) from the tube jacket (40) to the mouth region (41) and a second (45) widening of the circumference from the tube jacket (40) to the rear region (44). Pipe (4) according to claim 11, wherein the closure (5) has on its side directed against the pipe interior a recess (52) for receiving a propellant charge (2), which is arranged such that the propellant charge (2) in the operational position the closure (5) can then be arranged in the direction of the rear region (44) adjacent to the region of the tubular jacket (40). A char-loader (3) for use with a system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the char-carcass (3) comprises at least one explosive charge (38), at least one detonator (36) igniting the explosive charge (38) and at least one firing mechanism (34) and a tension member (33), wherein primer (36) and ignition mechanism (34) in particular via a fuse (35) are interconnected, and wherein the tension element (33) with the ignition mechanism (34) is operatively connected, characterized in that the tension element (33) at least one, preferably two opposing stop members (331) which are movable from a first position within the circumference of the Wurfladung (3) to a second position outside the periphery of the Wurfladung (3), preferably displaceable, pivotable or rotatable and wherein a restoring element (332) is associated with each stop element (331), the force of the restoring element (3) acting on the restoring element (332) being 32) causes the stop element (331) without external force in the second position outside the scope of the Wurfladung (3) moves. Tension element (33) for use with a system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the tension element (33) has at least one, preferably two opposing stop elements (331), which are movable from a first position within the circumference of the Wurfladung (3) to a second position outside the circumference of the Wurfladung (3), preferably displaceably, pivotally or rotatably and wherein each stop element (331) is associated with a restoring element (332) the force of the restoring element (332) acting on the restoring element (332) causes the abutment element (331) to move without external force into the second position outside the periphery of the wound load (3).

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