EP3604988B1 - Refrigeration apparatus with multiple temperature zones - Google Patents

Refrigeration apparatus with multiple temperature zones Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3604988B1
EP3604988B1 EP19180899.7A EP19180899A EP3604988B1 EP 3604988 B1 EP3604988 B1 EP 3604988B1 EP 19180899 A EP19180899 A EP 19180899A EP 3604988 B1 EP3604988 B1 EP 3604988B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
evaporator
blow
temperature
cooling device
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19180899.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3604988A1 (en
Inventor
Emanuele Diana
Christian Schropp
Adrian Bachmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
V-Zug AG
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V-Zug AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3604988A1 publication Critical patent/EP3604988A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • F25D17/062Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators
    • F25D17/065Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators with compartments at different temperatures
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/02Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/06Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/062Capillary expansion valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/05Compression system with heat exchange between particular parts of the system
    • F25B2400/052Compression system with heat exchange between particular parts of the system between the capillary tube and another part of the refrigeration cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/05Compression system with heat exchange between particular parts of the system
    • F25B2400/054Compression system with heat exchange between particular parts of the system between the suction tube of the compressor and another part of the cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00Control issues
    • F25B2600/25Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2507Flow-diverting valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2104Temperatures of an indoor room or compartment
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/067Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by air ducts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/12Sensors measuring the inside temperature
    • F25D2700/123Sensors measuring the inside temperature more than one sensor measuring the inside temperature in a compartment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling device with several temperature zones and a method for operating it according to the preamble of the main claims.
  • US 2009/0188262 describes a cooling device whose cooling space is divided into several temperature zones with different target temperatures.
  • a cooling air duct is provided in which air is sucked in from the top temperature zone. The air is guided along the evaporator and returned to the temperature zones via several connection openings.
  • Air flaps are provided at the connection openings and are individually controlled. By appropriately controlling these air flaps, the temperature in the temperature zones is regulated.
  • WO2006049354 shows a cooling device with an air duct arranged at the rear, in which an evaporator is arranged.
  • US1642015 and WO9510742 show a cooling device in which the refrigerant flows from bottom to top within the evaporator.
  • EP2988077 discloses a cooling device in which a valve at the inlet of the evaporator is controlled depending on measured temperatures and pressures.
  • the task is to provide a cooling device of this type or a method for controlling it with improved temperature control.
  • the compressor is designed to convey the cooling medium from bottom to top through the first evaporator.
  • this flow direction of the cooling medium there is significantly more liquid cooling medium in a lower region of the first evaporator than in the upper region. Since the liquid cooling medium removes more heat from its surroundings when it evaporates than the medium that has already evaporated, this leads to a relatively strong, vertical temperature gradient in the first evaporator. Accordingly, the air that flows through the various blow-back openings is cooled to different degrees.
  • the control of the device is designed to control the amount of liquid medium in the first evaporator depending on the target temperatures and the actual temperatures in the temperature zones.
  • the upper limit of the liquid cooling medium in the first evaporator depends on the amount of liquid medium, it can be controlled in this way how strongly the air that flows through the blow-back openings arranged at different heights is cooled .
  • control can be designed to set the upper limit of the liquid cooling medium in the first evaporator depending on the target temperatures and the actual temperatures in the temperature zones above or below at least one first blow-back opening. If this upper limit is below this first blow-back opening, the air conveyed through this first blow-back opening is cooled less than if the upper limit is above the first blow-back opening.
  • At least one second blow-back opening is provided below (i.e. deeper than) the first blow-back opening.
  • the controller also controls the fan's delivery capacity depending on the target temperatures and the actual temperatures.
  • the delivery rate to be relatively high, for example, the outlet temperature at the blow-back openings can be increased, in particular at the blow-back openings that are lower than the upper limit of the liquid cooling medium.
  • the delivery capacity of the compressor is also a good control parameter. Accordingly, the control can be designed to control the delivery capacity of the compressor depending on the target temperatures and the actual temperatures in the temperature zones.
  • the present technique it is possible to control the temperatures at the blowback openings without placing controlled closure means, such as air flaps, at the blowback openings.
  • controlled closure means such as air flaps
  • the invention can also be used in combination with such controlled closure means for the blow-back openings, in which case the temperatures can be regulated even better and/or with higher efficiency.
  • At least two throttles can be arranged between the condenser and the first evaporator, and a changeover valve can be provided in order to vary the flow ratio of cooling medium between the two throttles.
  • the ratio of the flows through the two chokes can be with the Switching valve can be varied.
  • the switching valve can guide the cooling medium either through one or the other throttle, or the ratio can also be set variably.
  • the control can be designed to control the amount of liquid medium in the first evaporator at least via the changeover valve.
  • At least one second evaporator can be provided in addition to the first evaporator.
  • the first of the throttles leads cooling medium from the compressor past the second evaporator to the first evaporator.
  • the second of the throttles leads cooling medium from the compressor to the second evaporator.
  • more or less cooling medium can be passed through the second evaporator via the switching valve, whereby the amount of liquid cooling medium and the evaporation temperature in the first evaporator can be varied.
  • overheating of the refrigerant in the first evaporator can result in a higher resulting air temperature.
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating such a cooling device.
  • the amount of liquid cooling medium in the first evaporator is controlled depending on the target temperatures and the actual temperatures in the temperature zones.
  • the delivery rate of the compressor and/or the delivery rate of the fan can also be controlled depending on the target temperatures and the actual temperatures in the temperature zones.
  • the cooling device is advantageously a refrigerator and/or a freezer, in particular a household appliance. However, it can also be a cooling device for other applications, e.g. a cooling device for medication or other refrigerated goods.
  • top, bottom, horizontal and vertical refer to the intended orientation of the device, in which the door runs vertically.
  • An “insulation material” is a body with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.1 W/mK, in particular less than 0.05 W/mK. With vacuum insulation panels, the value can even be below 0.01 W/mK, e.g. 0.003 - 0.006 W/mK.
  • Fig. 1 and 2 show a refrigerator as an example of a cooling device, with the door not being shown.
  • the refrigerator has a housing 1, inside of which there is a usable space 2 for holding food to be stored.
  • the useful space 2 In a section in the vertical direction, the useful space 2 has an approximately rectangular cross section.
  • a rear wall element 3 is arranged on the rear wall 2a of the usable space, which in Fig. 2 highlighted with a bold outline.
  • the usable space is divided into two temperature zones 2a, 2b.
  • An intermediate wall 11 is arranged between the two temperature zones 2a, 2b, which can have the shape of a tray or drawer lid, for example.
  • the intermediate wall 11 is designed so that it allows an exchange of air between the two temperature zones 2a, 2b.
  • the intermediate wall can have an insulating material.
  • the temperature zones 2a, 2b are assigned different target temperatures.
  • the target temperatures advantageously increase from bottom to top, i.e. the lowest target temperature is assigned to the lowest temperature zone 2a.
  • the rear wall element 3 is in Fig. 3 - 7 from front and back and in Fig. 8 shown in a vertical section.
  • It has a substantially rectangular outline and is plate-shaped. It has a molded body 4 made of an insulating material, for example expanded polystyrene.
  • a cover plate 5 is attached to the front of the shaped body 4. It consists of a material of higher strength than the molded body 4. It preferably consists of plastic.
  • the front cover plate 5 preferably extends over the entire wall element 3 or at least over the entire molded body 4.
  • the rear wall element 3 preferably has a first section 3a (cf. Fig. 7 , 8th ) and a second section 3b.
  • the fan 10 is arranged in section 3a.
  • the rear wall element 3 is thicker in the front-to-back direction than in the second section 3b. This takes into account the fact that in section 3a the two parts 6a, 6b of the cooling air duct overlap, while this is not the case in section 3b. This design means that the rear wall element 3 takes up less volume.
  • the exact design of the rear wall element 3 is of minor importance in the present case.
  • it can also have a simpler plate shape.
  • Cooling air duct
  • a cooling air channel 6 can be formed in or on the rear wall element 3 (or elsewhere in the device). It is used to guide cooling air past an evaporator.
  • An exemplary structure of the cooling air duct is described in more detail below.
  • a first part 6a of the cooling air duct is designed on the front of the molded body 4, namely between the molded body 4 and the cover plate 5. This first part is the best Fig. 4 and 10 visible.
  • the cooling air duct has several suction openings 7a - 7i.
  • suction openings 7a - 7i open on the side edges 8a, 8b of the rear wall element 3, in particular in the upper quarter of the side edges 8a, 8b, and the rest on the upper edge 8c.
  • the suction openings 7a - 7i form channel sections which are formed between recesses 9a, 9b, 9c... in the molded body 3 and the cover plate 5 and which lead to a fan 10.
  • the fan 10 is arranged at an opening 12 extending from front to back through the molded body and in Fig. 9 presented in detail.
  • the fan 10 shown has a rigid frame 14 in which a fan wheel 15 and its drive are arranged.
  • the frame 14 can be attached to the shaped body 4 via a damping element 16.
  • the damping element 16 can in turn be attached to the shaped body 4 in a suitable manner. The best way to do this is to look at it in summary Fig. 6, 7 and 9 can be seen, in the present embodiment a holding frame 18 is provided. The damping element 16 is clamped between a shoulder 20 of the shaped body 4 and the holding frame 18.
  • the holding frame 18 is inserted into a recess in the molded body 4 and is preferably snapped there into undercuts 24 so that it can only be removed under deformation.
  • the holding frame 18 has rearwardly projecting projections 26, which, when the rear wall element 3 is installed as intended, are supported against the front of the rear wall 30, which is located behind the rear wall element 3 and forms a counter bearing 32.
  • the second part 6b of the cooling air duct adjoins the opening 10 at the rear, cf. Fig. 6 , 9 , 10 .
  • the shaped body 4 has one or more recesses 34 on its back, which form or form the front area of the part 6b of the cooling air duct.
  • the recess 34 extends from the area of the fan 10 towards the bottom, namely to the lower end of the shaped body 4.
  • the shaped body 4 can form at least two lateral boundaries 36 for the recess 34, which touch the rear wall 30 in the assembled state of the wall element 3 and thus laterally limit the cooling air duct.
  • One or preferably both of these boundaries 36 has or have recessed areas which do not touch the rear wall and which form a plurality of laterally arranged, first blow-back openings 38a - 38m of the cooling air duct on the side edges 8a, 8b of the rear wall element 3.
  • the first blow-back openings 38a - 38m lead into the first temperature zone 2a.
  • the rear wall further forms laterally arranged, second blow-back openings 38n. These lead into the second temperature zone 2b.
  • the molded body 4 shown forms an upper boundary 39a of the recess 34, which touches the rear wall 30 in the assembled state of the wall element 3. This advantageously completely closes off the second part 6b of the cooling air duct at the top.
  • the molded body 4 shown forms a lower boundary 39b of the recess 34.
  • the lower boundary 39b has one or more recessed areas, which do not touch the rear wall 30 and thus one or more lower, second blow-back openings 43 for forms or forms the cooling air channel on the lower edge 8d of the rear wall element 3.
  • the lower second blow-back openings 43 also lead into the second temperature zone 2b.
  • the shaped body 4 can form spacers 37, which support the recess 34 against the rear wall.
  • spacers 37 can also be used as air guiding elements.
  • the recess 34 is advantageously not the same depth everywhere. In particular, it has an upper, deeper area 34a and a lower, less deep area 34b. This configuration allows the air flow in the cooling air duct to be brought into a desired ratio according to the requirements.
  • the evaporator 40 of a heat pump is arranged in the rear wall 30 of the cooling device. It is thermally connected to a wall plate 42, which forms the inside of the rear wall 30, ie the side facing the usable space 2.
  • the present embodiment of the refrigerator has two evaporators, which is why the evaporator 40 is sometimes referred to below as the “first evaporator 40”.
  • the terms “first” and “second” evaporator are merely used Enumeration does not use or describe the flow order of the evaporators.
  • the cold medium preferably flows first through the second and then through the first evaporator.
  • an insulation element 44 in particular a vacuum insulation panel, is arranged.
  • the area of the cooling air channel 6a, 6b, which is in contact with the evaporator 40, is referred to as the cooling section 13.
  • blowback openings 38a - 38n and 43 are arranged along the cooling section 13 at different, vertically spaced positions.
  • the fan 10 conveys the air from front to back, i.e. it sucks in the air through the suction openings 7a - 7i, conveys it through the first part 6a of the cooling air duct, through the opening 12, through the second part 6b of the cooling air duct and to the blowback openings 38a - 38n and 43.
  • the air is cooled by the evaporator 40 as it passes through the second part 6b of the cooling air duct.
  • the air runs essentially from top to bottom through the cooling air duct and sweeps past the cooling element or evaporator 40 from top to bottom.
  • the cooling element i.e. the evaporator 40
  • the wall plate 42 can also be arranged in the cooling air duct itself and, for example, have cooling air flow around it on both sides.
  • the evaporator is of minor importance in the present context.
  • it can be foamed in or freely arranged in the air flow. It can be, for example, one Tube, roll bond or finned heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 11 shows the most important components of the device's cooling system.
  • the cooling device has a heat pump with a compressor 50, a condenser 52, a switching valve 54, several throttles 56a, 56b (which in the present case are designed as capillaries), the first evaporator 40 and a second evaporator 58.
  • the components of the cooling device are controlled by a controller 60. This can also communicate with sensors that measure the current state of the device, such as a first temperature sensor 62a for measuring the temperature in the first temperature zone 2a and a second temperature sensor 62b for measuring the temperature in the second temperature zone 2b.
  • sensors that measure the current state of the device, such as a first temperature sensor 62a for measuring the temperature in the first temperature zone 2a and a second temperature sensor 62b for measuring the temperature in the second temperature zone 2b.
  • the compressor 50 has a variable speed, i.e. it can be operated by the controller 60 with several different speeds > 0.
  • the switching valve 54 is controlled by the controller 60.
  • the flow of coolant between the throttles or capillaries 56a, 56b can be switched.
  • the first capillary 56a leads from the switching valve 54 to the inlet of the first evaporator 40 already described.
  • the second capillary 56b leads from the switching valve 54 to the inlet of the second evaporator 58.
  • the second evaporator 58 is assigned to a freezer compartment 64 in the present embodiment. This is thermally separated from the usable space 2 and is usually operated at a lower temperature than the usable space 2, e.g. at a target temperature of -25°C to -10°C.
  • the cooling device can be operated in at least two operating modes, depending on the type of switching valve 54.
  • the switching valve 54 In a first operating mode, the switching valve 54 is set so that the cooling medium flows through the second capillary 56b. It therefore first passes through the second evaporator 58, where it can at least partially evaporate (depending on the temperature conditions). It then reaches the first evaporator 40 via a connecting line 66.
  • the switching valve 54 is set so that the cooling medium flows through the first capillary 56a. It therefore bypasses the second evaporator 58 and enters directly into the first evaporator 40.
  • the cooling medium enters the second evaporator 40 from below.
  • the liquid phase of the cooling medium will thus accumulate in the lowest area of the evaporator 40.
  • the upper limit of the liquid cooling medium is in Fig. 11 for example shown under reference number 68.
  • the cooling effect of the first evaporator 40 is stronger below this upper limit 68 than above it.
  • the cooling medium returns to the compressor 50 via a return line 70.
  • the return flow line 70 can be coupled to the throttles or capillaries 56a, 56b via a heat exchanger 72. This improves the efficiency of the device.
  • the basic principle of operation of the device is shown schematically 12 and 13 illustrated. These figures show the usable space 2 with the first and second temperature zones 2a, 2b. The rear wall element 3 and the first evaporator 40 are also shown.
  • the cooling air duct is generally designated by the reference number 6.
  • the fan is not shown.
  • the cooling air which flows through the suction openings into the cooling air duct 6a, 6b and from there through the blow-back openings 37a - 38n, 43 back into the usable space 2, is illustrated with arrows.
  • the cooling air is drawn in from the first temperature zone 2a (arrows 72a). It flows downwards through the cooling air duct 6. In particular, it runs from top to bottom through the cooling section 13 on the first evaporator 40.
  • the cooling air enters the blow-back openings 38a - 38n, 43 at various vertical positions.
  • the air is conveyed upwards into the first temperature zone 2a through one or more gaps or openings 74 in the area of the intermediate wall 11.
  • the cooling effect of the first evaporator 40 depends on where the upper limit 68 of the liquid cooling medium lies.
  • this upper limit is 68 relatively high (as in Fig. 12 shown under reference number 68a), at least part of the cooling air is cooled before it flows back into the first temperature zone 2a through the upper ("first") blow-back openings 38a - 38m. A relatively strong cooling of the first temperature zone 2a can therefore be achieved.
  • Another important operating parameter of the cooling device is the delivery capacity of the fan 10.
  • the air stays longer in the cooling section 13 and is noticeably cooled by the evaporator 40.
  • the lower or both temperature zones 2a, 2b can be cooled.
  • the delivery capacity of the fan 10 is very low, the air is cooled down significantly, but its cooling capacity is low due to the small volume flow.
  • T1 and T2 denote the current temperatures in the first and second temperature zones 2a, 2b and Tisoll or T2soll their target temperatures.
  • a “high liquid level” in the evaporator 40 refers to a state in which the upper limit 68 of the liquid cooling medium in the evaporator 40 is above at least the lowest first blow-back opening 38m, preferably above at least half of the first blow-back openings 38a - 38n, in particular above all of them first blow-back openings 38a - 38n.
  • a “low liquid level” in the evaporator 40 refers to a condition in which the upper limit 68 of the liquid cooling medium in the evaporator 40 is below the lowest first blow-back opening 38m, but in particular above a part, preferably all, of the second blow-back openings 38n, 43. Possible measures for influencing this the upper limit 68 are described above.
  • T1 ⁇ Tisoll and T2 ⁇ T2soll The controller 60 controls the device so that at most the low liquid level is set in the evaporator 40 in order to achieve this Reduce cooling performance.
  • the upper limit 68 is advantageously set so low that at least some of the second blow-back openings 38n, 43 lie above the upper limit 68.
  • the controller 60 can increase the delivery capacity of the fan 10 at least temporarily. Both measures reduce the cooling of the air in the cooling air duct 6.
  • T1 ⁇ Tisoll and T2 > T2soll The controller 60 controls the device so that the low liquid level is set in the evaporator 40, so that primarily only the air flowing into the second temperature zone 2b is cooled. At the same time, if necessary, the delivery capacity of the fan can be reduced at least temporarily in order to greatly cool the air entering the second temperature zone 2b.
  • T1 > Tisoll and T2 ⁇ T2soll The controller 60 controls the device so that the high liquid level is set in the evaporator 40, so that the air flowing into the first temperature zone 2a is also cooled.
  • the delivery rate of the fan is preferably chosen to be so high at least at times that the air in the air duct 6a, 6b does not have time to cool down significantly, so that its temperature when passing through the second blow-back openings 38n, 43 has a temperature greater than T2setpoint.
  • T1 > Tisoll and T2 > T2soll The controller 60 controls the device so that the high liquid level is set in the evaporator 40, so that the air flowing into the first temperature zone 2a is also cooled.
  • the delivery rate of the fan is chosen to be so low, at least at times, that the air in the air duct has enough time to cool down so much that its temperature when it passes through the second blow-back openings 38n, 43 has a temperature lower than T2setpoint, and that its temperature upon passage has a temperature lower than Tisoll through at least part of the first blow-back openings 38a - 38m.
  • Another manipulated variable is the speed or delivery capacity of the compressor 50.
  • the speed By increasing the speed, the cooling capacity can be increased and the evaporation temperature can be reduced at the same time. Conversely, by reducing the speed, the cooling capacity can be reduced and the evaporation temperature can be increased.
  • the first temperature zone 2a is advantageously a cooling compartment with a target temperature Tisoll between 0 ° and 10 ° C, in particular between 2 and 7 ° C.
  • the second temperature zone 2b is a cold storage compartment with a target temperature T2soll between -2° and 3°C, in particular between 0° and 3°C.
  • the difference Tisoll - T2soll is advantageously a maximum of 10°C, in particular a maximum of 5°C, e.g. in order to keep the formation of condensation in the cold areas to a minimum.
  • the delivery capacity of the fan 10 should be controllable within a range sufficient to carry out the above measures.
  • a delivery rate in the range of 10 to 30 m 3 /h has proven to be useful, for example.
  • Other funding services are conceivable. They depend, among other things, on the size of the usable space 2 and the operating parameters of the heat pump and can be determined experimentally or mathematically.
  • two temperature zones 2a, 2b are provided. However, more than two temperature zones can also be provided.
  • the temperature zones are advantageously arranged one above the other and/or separated from one another by horizontal partitions 11.
  • the at least one suction opening 7a - 7i is arranged higher than the blow-back openings 38a - 38n, 43, or with the fan 10 the air is guided from top to bottom through the cooling section 13, so that the strong temperature gradient in the evaporator 40 is efficiently Temperature control can be used.
  • At least one of the suction openings 7a - 7i opens into the first temperature zone 2a.
  • all suction openings 7a - 7i open into the first temperature zone.
  • at least one suction opening also opens into the second temperature zone 2b.
  • the air is advantageously conveyed from bottom to top using the fan 10, i.e. the air passes from the lower, second temperature zone 2b into the upper, first temperature zone 2a.
  • the cooling device can also be designed, for example, as a freezer or wine cooler or for other cooled goods, and/or it can be a combination device with several cooling zones for different temperatures.
  • the cooling air duct can also be arranged at least partially or completely elsewhere in the device, for example in a side wall.
  • the freezer compartment 64 is, as mentioned, optional.

Description

Gebiet der ErfindungField of invention

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kühlgerät mit mehreren Temperaturzonen sowie ein Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb gemäss Oberbegriff der Hauptansprüche.The invention relates to a cooling device with several temperature zones and a method for operating it according to the preamble of the main claims.

Hintergrundbackground

US 2009/0188262 beschreibt ein Kühlgerät, dessen Kühlraum in mehrere Temperaturzonen mit unterschiedlichen Solltemperaturen unterteilt ist. Es ist ein Kühlluftkanal vorgesehen, in welchem Luft aus der obersten Temperaturzone angesogen wird. Die Luft wird dem Verdampfer entlang geführt und über mehrere Verbindungsöffnungen zurück in die Temperaturzonen geleitet. An den Verbindungsöffnungen sind Luftklappen vorgesehen, die individuell gesteuert werden. Durch geeignete Steuerung dieser Luftklappen wir die Temperatur in den Temperaturzonen geregelt. US 2009/0188262 describes a cooling device whose cooling space is divided into several temperature zones with different target temperatures. A cooling air duct is provided in which air is sucked in from the top temperature zone. The air is guided along the evaporator and returned to the temperature zones via several connection openings. Air flaps are provided at the connection openings and are individually controlled. By appropriately controlling these air flaps, the temperature in the temperature zones is regulated.

WO2006049354 zeigt ein Kühlgerät mit einem rückseitig angeordneten Luftkanal, in welchem ein Verdampfer angeordnet ist. WO2006049354 shows a cooling device with an air duct arranged at the rear, in which an evaporator is arranged.

US1642015 und WO9510742 zeigen ein Kühlgerät, bei welchem das Kältemittel innerhalb des Verdampfers von unten nach oben strömt. US1642015 and WO9510742 show a cooling device in which the refrigerant flows from bottom to top within the evaporator.

EP2988077 offenbart ein Kühlgerät, bei welchem ein Ventil am Eingang des Verdampfers in Abhängigkeit gemessener Temperaturen und Drücken gesteuert wird. EP2988077 discloses a cooling device in which a valve at the inlet of the evaporator is controlled depending on measured temperatures and pressures.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Es stellt sich die Aufgabe, ein Kühlgerät dieser Art bzw. ein Verfahren zu dessen Steuerung mit verbesserter Temperaturregelung bereitzustellen.The task is to provide a cooling device of this type or a method for controlling it with improved temperature control.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch den Gegenstand der unabhängigen Patentansprüche gelöst.This task is solved by the subject matter of the independent patent claims.

Demgemäss umfasst das Kühlgerät zumindest die folgenden Elemente:

  • Einen Nutzraum: Dieser dient der Lagerung des Kühlguts. Dabei kann es sich insbesondere um Lebensmittel handeln. Es können jedoch auch andere Objekte gekühlt werden, wie z.B. Medikamente, medizinische Proben, Chemikalien usw.
  • Eine Wärmepumpe: Diese umfasst in an sich bekannter Weise zumindest einen ersten Verdampfer, einen Verflüssiger und einen Kompressor. Mit dem Kompressor wird ein Kühlmedium durch den Verflüssiger und den ersten Verdampfer gefördert. Beim ersten Verdampfer kann es sich um den einzigen Verdampfer handeln, oder es kann zusätzlich noch mindestens ein zweiter Verdampfer vorgesehen sein.
  • Einen Kühlluftkanal: Der Kühlluftkanal ist über mindestens eine Ansaugöffnung und mehrere Rückblasöffnungen mit dem Nutzraum verbunden. Die Rückblasöffnungen sind der Kühlstrecke entlang an verschiedenen, vertikal voneinander beabstandeten Positionen angeordnet.
  • Einen Lüfter: Der Lüfter dient dazu, Luft im Kühlluftkanal von der Ansaugöffnung zu den Rückblasöffnungen zu fördern. Dadurch wird Luft vom Kühlraum zum ersten Verdampfer und wieder zurück gefördert, um so den Kühlraum zu kühlen.
  • Eine Steuerung: Die Steuerung ist dazu ausgestaltet, in den unterschiedlichen Temperaturzonen unterschiedliche Solltemperaturen aufrecht zu erhalten.
Accordingly, the cooling device comprises at least the following elements:
  • A usable space: This is used to store the refrigerated goods. This can in particular be food. However, other objects can also be cooled, such as medicines, medical samples, chemicals, etc.
  • A heat pump: In a manner known per se, this includes at least a first evaporator, a condenser and a compressor. The compressor conveys a cooling medium through the condenser and the first evaporator. The first evaporator can be the only evaporator, or at least one second evaporator can also be provided.
  • A cooling air duct: The cooling air duct is connected to the usable space via at least one intake opening and several blow-back openings. The blow-back openings are arranged along the cooling section at different, vertically spaced positions.
  • A fan: The fan is used to move air in the cooling air duct from the intake opening to the blowback openings. This pumps air from the cold room to the first evaporator and back again to cool the cold room.
  • A controller: The controller is designed to maintain different target temperatures in the different temperature zones.

Weiter ist der Kompressor dazu ausgestaltet, das Kühlmedium von unten nach oben durch den ersten Verdampfer zu fördern. Bei dieser Flussrichtung des Kühlmediums befindet sich in einem unteren Bereich des ersten Verdampfers deutlich mehr flüssiges Kühlmedium als im oberen Bereich. Da das flüssige Kühlmedium beim Verdampfen seiner Umgebung mehr Wärme entzieht als das bereits verdampfte Medium, führt dies zu einem relativ starken, vertikalen Temperaturgradienten im ersten Verdampfer. Entsprechend wird die Luft, welche durch die verschiedenen Rückblasöffnungen strömt, unterschiedlich stark gekühlt.Furthermore, the compressor is designed to convey the cooling medium from bottom to top through the first evaporator. With this flow direction of the cooling medium, there is significantly more liquid cooling medium in a lower region of the first evaporator than in the upper region. Since the liquid cooling medium removes more heat from its surroundings when it evaporates than the medium that has already evaporated, this leads to a relatively strong, vertical temperature gradient in the first evaporator. Accordingly, the air that flows through the various blow-back openings is cooled to different degrees.

Die Steuerung des Geräts ist dazu ausgestaltet, die Menge von flüssigem Medium im ersten Verdampfer abhängig von den Solltemperaturen und den tatsächlichen Temperaturen in den Temperaturzonen zu steuern.The control of the device is designed to control the amount of liquid medium in the first evaporator depending on the target temperatures and the actual temperatures in the temperature zones.

Da die Obergrenze des flüssigen Kühlmediums im ersten Verdampfer (und somit der Bereich mit starker Kühlung) von der Menge von flüssigem Medium abhängig ist, kann auf diese Weise gesteuert werden, wie stark die Luft, welche durch die unterschiedlich hoch angeordneten Rückblasöffnungen strömt, gekühlt wird.Since the upper limit of the liquid cooling medium in the first evaporator (and thus the area with strong cooling) depends on the amount of liquid medium, it can be controlled in this way how strongly the air that flows through the blow-back openings arranged at different heights is cooled .

Insbesondere kann die Steuerung dazu ausgestaltet sein, die Obergrenze des flüssigen Kühlmediums im ersten Verdampfer abhängig von den Solltemperaturen und den tatsächlichen Temperaturen in den Temperaturzonen oberhalb oder unterhalb mindestens einer ersten Rückblasöffnung einzustellen. Liegt diese Obergrenze unterhalb dieser ersten Rückblasöffnung, so wird die durch diese erste Rückblasöffnung geförderte Luft weniger gekühlt als wenn die Obergrenze oberhalb der ersten Rückblasöffnung liegt.In particular, the control can be designed to set the upper limit of the liquid cooling medium in the first evaporator depending on the target temperatures and the actual temperatures in the temperature zones above or below at least one first blow-back opening. If this upper limit is below this first blow-back opening, the air conveyed through this first blow-back opening is cooled less than if the upper limit is above the first blow-back opening.

Mit Vorteil ist unterhalb (d.h. tiefer als) der ersten Rückblasöffnung mindestens eine zweite Rückblasöffnung vorgesehen. In diesem Falle ergeben sich zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Rückblasöffnung abhängig von der Obergrenze des flüssigen Kältemediums starke Unterschiede in der Kühlleistung, welche für eine individuelle Regelung der Kühlleistung im Bereich der beiden Rückblasöffnungen genutzt werden können.Advantageously, at least one second blow-back opening is provided below (i.e. deeper than) the first blow-back opening. In this case, there are strong differences in the cooling performance between the first and the second blow-back opening depending on the upper limit of the liquid cooling medium, which can be used for individual control of the cooling performance in the area of the two blow-back openings.

Eine besonders gute Regelung kann erreicht werden, wenn die Steuerung auch die Förderleistung des Lüfters abhängig von den Solltemperaturen und den tatsächlichen Temperaturen steuert. Indem die Förderleistung z.B. relativ hoch gewählt wird, kann die Austrittstemperatur an den Rückblasöffnungen erhöht werden, und zwar insbesondere an den Rückblasöffnungen, die tiefer als die Obergrenze des flüssigen Kühlmediums liegen.Particularly good control can be achieved if the controller also controls the fan's delivery capacity depending on the target temperatures and the actual temperatures. By choosing the delivery rate to be relatively high, for example, the outlet temperature at the blow-back openings can be increased, in particular at the blow-back openings that are lower than the upper limit of the liquid cooling medium.

Ebenfalls ein guter Steuerparameter ist die Förderleistung des Kompressors. Demgemäss kann die Steuerung dazu ausgestaltet sein, die Förderleistung des Kompressors abhängig von den Solltemperaturen und den tatsächlichen Temperaturen in den Temperaturzonen zu steuern.The delivery capacity of the compressor is also a good control parameter. Accordingly, the control can be designed to control the delivery capacity of the compressor depending on the target temperatures and the actual temperatures in the temperature zones.

Mit der vorliegenden Technik ist es möglich, die Temperaturen bei den Rückblasöffnungen zu kontrollieren, ohne das bei den Rückblasöffnungen gesteuerte Verschlussmittel, wie z.B. Luftklappen, angeordnet sind. Die Erfindung kann allerdings auch in Kombination mit solchen gesteuerten Verschlussmitteln bei den Rückblasöffnungen eingesetzt werden, in welchem Falle die Temperaturen noch besser und/oder mit höherer Effizienz geregelt werden können.With the present technique it is possible to control the temperatures at the blowback openings without placing controlled closure means, such as air flaps, at the blowback openings. However, the invention can also be used in combination with such controlled closure means for the blow-back openings, in which case the temperatures can be regulated even better and/or with higher efficiency.

Weiter können zwischen dem Verflüssiger und dem ersten Verdampfer mindestens zwei Drosseln angeordnet sein, und es kann ein Umschaltventil vorgesehen werden, um das Flussverhältnis von Kühlmedium zwischen den beiden Drosseln zu variieren. Mit anderen Worten kann also das Verhältnis der Flüsse durch die beiden Drosseln mit dem Umschaltventil variiert werden. Beispielsweise kann das Umschaltventil das Kühlmedium entweder durch die eine oder die andere Drossel führen, oder das Verhältnis kann auch variabel eingestellt werden. In beiden Fällen kann die Steuerung dazu ausgestaltet sein, die Menge von flüssigem Medium im ersten Verdampfer zumindest über das Umschaltventil zu steuern.Furthermore, at least two throttles can be arranged between the condenser and the first evaporator, and a changeover valve can be provided in order to vary the flow ratio of cooling medium between the two throttles. In other words, the ratio of the flows through the two chokes can be with the Switching valve can be varied. For example, the switching valve can guide the cooling medium either through one or the other throttle, or the ratio can also be set variably. In both cases, the control can be designed to control the amount of liquid medium in the first evaporator at least via the changeover valve.

In einer Ausführung kann nebst dem ersten Verdampfer zumindest ein zweiter Verdampfer vorgesehen sein. Die erste der Drosseln führt Kühlmedium vom Kompressor am zweiten Verdampfer vorbei zum ersten Verdampfer. Die zweite der Drosseln führt Kühlmedium vom Kompressor zum zweiten Verdampfer. In diesem Fall kann über das Umschaltventil mehr oder weniger Kühlmedium durch den zweiten Verdampfer geführt werden, wodurch die Menge an flüssigem Kühlmedium sowie die Verdampfungstemperatur im ersten Verdampfer variiert werden kann. Insbesondere kann sich durch Überhitzung des Kältemittels im ersten Verdampfer eine höhere resultierende Lufttemperatur einstellen.In one embodiment, at least one second evaporator can be provided in addition to the first evaporator. The first of the throttles leads cooling medium from the compressor past the second evaporator to the first evaporator. The second of the throttles leads cooling medium from the compressor to the second evaporator. In this case, more or less cooling medium can be passed through the second evaporator via the switching valve, whereby the amount of liquid cooling medium and the evaporation temperature in the first evaporator can be varied. In particular, overheating of the refrigerant in the first evaporator can result in a higher resulting air temperature.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines solchen Kühlgeräts. Dabei wird die Menge von flüssigem Kühlmedium im ersten Verdampfer abhängig von den Solltemperaturen und den tatsächlichen Temperaturen in den Temperaturzonen gesteuert.The invention also relates to a method for operating such a cooling device. The amount of liquid cooling medium in the first evaporator is controlled depending on the target temperatures and the actual temperatures in the temperature zones.

Weiter kann auch die Förderleistung des Kompressors und/oder die Förderleistung des Lüfters abhängig von den Solltemperaturen und den tatsächlichen Temperaturen in den Temperaturzonen gesteuert werden.Furthermore, the delivery rate of the compressor and/or the delivery rate of the fan can also be controlled depending on the target temperatures and the actual temperatures in the temperature zones.

Beim Kühlgerät handelt es sich mit Vorteil um einen Kühlschrank und/oder um ein Gefriergerät, insbesondere um ein Haushaltsgerät. Es kann sich jedoch auch um ein Kühlgerät für andere Anwendungen handeln, z.B. um ein Kühlgerät für Medikamente oder für anderes Kühlgut.The cooling device is advantageously a refrigerator and/or a freezer, in particular a household appliance. However, it can also be a cooling device for other applications, e.g. a cooling device for medication or other refrigerated goods.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Weitere Ausgestaltungen, Vorteile und Anwendungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen und aus der nun folgenden Beschreibung anhand der Figuren. Dabei zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Ansicht eines Teils eines Kühlgeräts (Türe nicht dargestellt),
  • Fig. 2 einen Ausschnitt des Kühlgeräts gemäss Fig. 1 von vorne,
  • Fig. 3 eine Ansicht des Rückwandelements von schräg vorne,
  • Fig. 4 das Rückwandelement von Fig. 3 ohne Deckplatte,
  • Fig. 5 die Deckplatte des Rückwandelements von Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 6 das Rückwandelement von Fig. 3 von schräg von hinten,
  • Fig. 7 eine Schnittansicht durch das Rückwandelement von Fig. 6,
  • Fig. 8 die Schnittansicht von Fig. 7 von der Schnittseite her,
  • Fig. 9 ein etwas vereinfacht dargestelltes Detail von Fig. 8,
  • Fig. 10 einen etwas vereinfacht dargestellten Schnitt durch das Rückwandelement und die Hinterwand des Geräts,
  • Fig. 11 eine schematische Darstellung einiger der im vorliegenden Falle relevantesten Komponenten des Kühlgeräts,
  • Fig. 12 eine schematische Ansicht des Nutzraums mit eingezeichneten Luftströmen von vorne,
  • Fig. 13 den Nutzraum von Fig. 12 von der Seite.
Further refinements, advantages and applications of the invention result from the dependent claims and from the following description based on the figures. Show:
  • Fig. 1 a view of part of a refrigerator (door not shown),
  • Fig. 2 a section of the cooling device according to Fig. 1 from the front,
  • Fig. 3 a view of the rear wall element diagonally from the front,
  • Fig. 4 the rear wall element of Fig. 3 without cover plate,
  • Fig. 5 the cover plate of the rear wall element Fig. 3 ,
  • Fig. 6 the rear wall element of Fig. 3 from diagonally from behind,
  • Fig. 7 a sectional view through the rear wall element Fig. 6 ,
  • Fig. 8 the sectional view of Fig. 7 from the cut side,
  • Fig. 9 a somewhat simplified detail of Fig. 8 ,
  • Fig. 10 a somewhat simplified section through the rear wall element and the rear wall of the device,
  • Fig. 11 a schematic representation of some of the most relevant components of the cooling device in this case,
  • Fig. 12 a schematic view of the usable space with air flows shown from the front,
  • Fig. 13 the usable space of Fig. 12 of the page.

Wege zur Ausführung der ErfindungWays of carrying out the invention Definitionen:Definitions:

Die Begriffe "hinten", "Rückseite", "vorne", "Vorderseite" sind so definiert, dass sich die Türe des Kühlgeräts vorne, d.h. auf der Vorderseite befindet, während die hinten am Gerät angeordnete Rückseite die der Türe gegenüber liegende Geräteseite bezeichnet.The terms "rear", "back", "front", "front" are defined so that the door of the cooling device is located at the front, i.e. on the front, while the back located at the back of the device refers to the side of the device opposite the door.

Begriffe wie "oben", "unten", "horizontal" und "vertikal" beziehen sich auf die bestimmungsgemässe Orientierung des Geräts, bei welcher die Türe vertikal verläuft.Terms such as "top", "bottom", "horizontal" and "vertical" refer to the intended orientation of the device, in which the door runs vertically.

Ein "Isolationsmaterial" ist ein Körper mit einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit von weniger als 0.1 W/mK, insbesondere von weniger als 0.05 W/mK. Beim Vakuum-Isolationspanelen kann der Wert sogar unter 0.01 W/mK liegen, z.B. bei 0.003 - 0.006 W/mK.An "insulation material" is a body with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.1 W/mK, in particular less than 0.05 W/mK. With vacuum insulation panels, the value can even be below 0.01 W/mK, e.g. 0.003 - 0.006 W/mK.

Übersicht:Overview:

Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen als Beispiel eines Kühlgeräts einen Kühlschrank, wobei die Türe nicht gezeigt ist. Der Kühlschrank besitzt ein Gehäuse 1, in dessen Innern ein Nutzraum 2 zur Aufnahme von zu lagernden Lebensmitteln angeordnet ist. In einem Schnitt in vertikaler Richtung besitzt der Nutzraum 2 ungefähr rechteckigen Querschnitt. Fig. 1 and 2 show a refrigerator as an example of a cooling device, with the door not being shown. The refrigerator has a housing 1, inside of which there is a usable space 2 for holding food to be stored. In a section in the vertical direction, the useful space 2 has an approximately rectangular cross section.

An der Rückwand 2a des Nutzraums ist ein Rückwandelement 3 angeordnet, welches in Fig. 2 mit fettem Umriss hervorgehoben ist.A rear wall element 3 is arranged on the rear wall 2a of the usable space, which in Fig. 2 highlighted with a bold outline.

Der Nutzraum ist in der vorliegenden Ausführung in zwei Temperaturzonen 2a, 2b unterteilt. Zwischen den beiden Temperaturzonen 2a, 2b ist eine Zwischenwand 11 angeordnet, welche z.B. die Form eines Tablars oder Schubladendeckels haben kann. Die Zwischenwand 11 ist so ausgestaltet, dass sie einen Luftaustausch zwischen den beiden Temperaturzonen 2a, 2b zulässt.In the present embodiment, the usable space is divided into two temperature zones 2a, 2b. An intermediate wall 11 is arranged between the two temperature zones 2a, 2b, which can have the shape of a tray or drawer lid, for example. The intermediate wall 11 is designed so that it allows an exchange of air between the two temperature zones 2a, 2b.

Die Zwischenwand kann ein Isolationsmaterial aufweisen.The intermediate wall can have an insulating material.

Den Temperaturzonen 2a, 2b sind unterschiedlichen Solltemperaturen zugeordnet. Mit Vorteil steigen die Solltemperaturen von unten nach oben an, d.h. der untersten Temperaturzone 2a ist die tiefste Solltemperatur zugeordnet.The temperature zones 2a, 2b are assigned different target temperatures. The target temperatures advantageously increase from bottom to top, i.e. the lowest target temperature is assigned to the lowest temperature zone 2a.

Rückwandelement:Rear wall element:

Das Rückwandelement 3 ist in Fig. 3 - 7 von vorne und hinten und in Fig. 8 in einem vertikalen Schnitt dargestellt.The rear wall element 3 is in Fig. 3 - 7 from front and back and in Fig. 8 shown in a vertical section.

Es hat einen im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Umriss und hat Plattenform. Es besitzt einen Formkörper 4 aus einem Isolationsmaterial, z.B. aus expandiertem Polystyrol.It has a substantially rectangular outline and is plate-shaped. It has a molded body 4 made of an insulating material, for example expanded polystyrene.

Auf der Vorderseite des Formkörpers 4 ist eine Deckplatte 5 befestigt. Sie besteht aus einem Material höherer Festigkeit als der Formkörper 4. Vorzugsweise besteht sie aus Kunststoff.A cover plate 5 is attached to the front of the shaped body 4. It consists of a material of higher strength than the molded body 4. It preferably consists of plastic.

Für einen optimalen Schutz erstreckt sich die Deckplatte 5 vorderseitig bevorzugt über das ganze Wandelement 3 oder zumindest über den ganzen Formkörper 4.For optimal protection, the front cover plate 5 preferably extends over the entire wall element 3 or at least over the entire molded body 4.

Vorzugsweise besitzt das Rückwandelement 3 einen ersten Abschnitt 3a (vgl. Fig. 7, 8) und einen zweiten Abschnitt 3b. Im Abschnitt 3a ist der Lüfter 10 angeordnet. In diesem Abschnitt 3a ist das Rückwandelement 3 in der Richtung von vorne nach hinten dicker als im zweiten Abschnitt 3b. Damit wird dem Umstand Rechnung getragen, dass im Abschnitt 3a die beiden Teile 6a, 6b des Kühlluftkanals überlappen, während im Abschnitt 3b dies nicht der Fall ist. Durch diese Ausgestaltung nimmt das Rückwandelement 3 weniger Volumen ein.The rear wall element 3 preferably has a first section 3a (cf. Fig. 7 , 8th ) and a second section 3b. The fan 10 is arranged in section 3a. In this section 3a, the rear wall element 3 is thicker in the front-to-back direction than in the second section 3b. This takes into account the fact that in section 3a the two parts 6a, 6b of the cooling air duct overlap, while this is not the case in section 3b. This design means that the rear wall element 3 takes up less volume.

Die genaue Ausgestaltung des Rückwandelements 3 ist im vorliegenden Fall allerdings von untergeordneter Bedeutung. Es kann z.B. auch eine einfachere Plattenform besitzen.However, the exact design of the rear wall element 3 is of minor importance in the present case. For example, it can also have a simpler plate shape.

Kühlluftkanal:Cooling air duct:

Im oder am Rückwandelement 3 (oder an anderer Stelle im Gerät) kann ein Kühlluftkanal 6 ausgeformt sein. Er dient dazu, Kühlluft an einem Verdampfer vorbei zu führen. Ein beispielhafter Aufbau des Kühlluftkanals wird im Folgenden genauer beschrieben.A cooling air channel 6 can be formed in or on the rear wall element 3 (or elsewhere in the device). It is used to guide cooling air past an evaporator. An exemplary structure of the cooling air duct is described in more detail below.

In der dargestellten Ausführung ist ein erster Teil 6a des Kühlluftkanals an der Vorderseite des Formkörpers 4 ausgestaltet, und zwar zwischen dem Formkörper 4 und der Deckplatte 5. Dieser erste Teil ist am besten aus Fig. 4 und 10 ersichtlich.In the embodiment shown, a first part 6a of the cooling air duct is designed on the front of the molded body 4, namely between the molded body 4 and the cover plate 5. This first part is the best Fig. 4 and 10 visible.

Beispielsweise besitzt der Kühlluftkanal mehrere Ansaugöffnungen 7a - 7i. Davon münden z.B. vier Ansaugöffnungen 7a - 7d an den seitlichen Kanten 8a, 8b des Rückwandelements 3, insbesondere im oberen Viertel der seitlichen Kanten 8a, 8b, und die übrigen an der Oberkante 8c.For example, the cooling air duct has several suction openings 7a - 7i. Of these, for example, four suction openings 7a - 7d open on the side edges 8a, 8b of the rear wall element 3, in particular in the upper quarter of the side edges 8a, 8b, and the rest on the upper edge 8c.

Die Ansaugöffnungen 7a - 7i bilden Kanalabschnitte, welche zwischen Vertiefungen 9a, 9b, 9c... im Formkörper 3 und der Deckplatte 5 ausgeformt sind und die zu einem Lüfter 10 führen.The suction openings 7a - 7i form channel sections which are formed between recesses 9a, 9b, 9c... in the molded body 3 and the cover plate 5 and which lead to a fan 10.

Der Lüfter 10 ist im vorliegenden Beispiel bei einer sich von vorne nach hinten durch den Formkörper erstreckenden Öffnung 12 angeordnet und in Fig. 9 im Detail dargestellt.In the present example, the fan 10 is arranged at an opening 12 extending from front to back through the molded body and in Fig. 9 presented in detail.

Der gezeigte Lüfter 10 besitzt einen starren Rahmen 14, in welchem ein Lüfterrad 15 und dessen Antrieb angeordnet sind. Der Rahmen 14 kann über ein Dämpfelement 16 am Formkörper 4 befestigt sein.The fan 10 shown has a rigid frame 14 in which a fan wheel 15 and its drive are arranged. The frame 14 can be attached to the shaped body 4 via a damping element 16.

Das Dämpfelement 16 kann seinerseits in geeigneter Weise am Formkörper 4 befestigt sein. Hierzu ist, wie am besten in Zusammenschau von Fig. 6, 7 und 9 ersichtlich, in der vorliegenden Ausführung ein Halterahmen 18 vorgesehen. Das Dämpfelement 16 ist zwischen einem Absatz 20 des Formkörpers 4 und dem Halterahmen 18 eingeklemmt.The damping element 16 can in turn be attached to the shaped body 4 in a suitable manner. The best way to do this is to look at it in summary Fig. 6, 7 and 9 can be seen, in the present embodiment a holding frame 18 is provided. The damping element 16 is clamped between a shoulder 20 of the shaped body 4 and the holding frame 18.

Der Halterahmen 18 ist in einer Vertiefung des Formkörpers 4 eingesetzt und vorzugsweise dort in Hinterschneidungen 24 eingeschnappt, so dass er nur unter Verformung entnommen werden kann.The holding frame 18 is inserted into a recess in the molded body 4 and is preferably snapped there into undercuts 24 so that it can only be removed under deformation.

Weiter besitzt der Halterahmen 18 nach hinten ragende Vorsprünge 26, welche bei bestimmungsgemässer Montage des Rückwandelements 3 gegen die Vorderseite der Hinterwand 30 abgestützt werden, die sich hinter dem Rückwandelement 3 befindet und ein Gegenlager 32 bildet.Furthermore, the holding frame 18 has rearwardly projecting projections 26, which, when the rear wall element 3 is installed as intended, are supported against the front of the rear wall 30, which is located behind the rear wall element 3 and forms a counter bearing 32.

Hinten an der Öffnung 10 schliesst der zweite Teil 6b des Kühlluftkanals an, vgl. Fig. 6, 9, 10.The second part 6b of the cooling air duct adjoins the opening 10 at the rear, cf. Fig. 6 , 9 , 10 .

Hierzu besitzt der Formkörper 4 auf seiner Rückseite eine oder mehrere Ausnehmungen 34, welche den vorderseitigen Bereich des Teils 6b des Kühlluftkanals bildet bzw. bilden.For this purpose, the shaped body 4 has one or more recesses 34 on its back, which form or form the front area of the part 6b of the cooling air duct.

Wie am besten aus Fig. 6 ersichtlich, erstreckt sich die Ausnehmung 34 vom Bereich des Lüfters 10 gegen unten, und zwar bis an das untere Ende des Formkörpers 4.How best to look Fig. 6 As can be seen, the recess 34 extends from the area of the fan 10 towards the bottom, namely to the lower end of the shaped body 4.

Der Formköper 4 kann in einer Ausführung zumindest zwei seitliche Begrenzungen 36 für die Ausnehmung 34 bilden, welche die Hinterwand 30 im montierten Zustand des Wandelements 3 berühren und so den Kühlluftkanal seitlich begrenzen.In one embodiment, the shaped body 4 can form at least two lateral boundaries 36 for the recess 34, which touch the rear wall 30 in the assembled state of the wall element 3 and thus laterally limit the cooling air duct.

Eine oder vorzugsweise beide dieser Begrenzungen 36 weist bzw. weisen zurückversetzte Bereiche auf, welche die Hinterwand nicht berühren und die mehrere seitlich angeordnete, erste Rückblasöffnungen 38a - 38m des Kühlluftkanals an den Seitenkanten 8a, 8b des Rückwandelements 3 bilden.One or preferably both of these boundaries 36 has or have recessed areas which do not touch the rear wall and which form a plurality of laterally arranged, first blow-back openings 38a - 38m of the cooling air duct on the side edges 8a, 8b of the rear wall element 3.

Die ersten Rückblasöffnungen 38a - 38m führen in die erste Temperaturzone 2a.The first blow-back openings 38a - 38m lead into the first temperature zone 2a.

Weiter bildet die Rückwand seitlich angeordnete, zweite Rückblasöffnungen 38n. Diese führen in die zweite Temperaturzone 2b.The rear wall further forms laterally arranged, second blow-back openings 38n. These lead into the second temperature zone 2b.

Weiter bildet der gezeigte Formkörper 4 eine obere Begrenzung 39a der Ausnehmung 34, welche die Hinterwand 30 im montierten Zustand des Wandelements 3 berührt. Mit Vorteil schliesst diese den zweiten Teil 6b des Kühlluftkanals nach oben ganz ab.Furthermore, the molded body 4 shown forms an upper boundary 39a of the recess 34, which touches the rear wall 30 in the assembled state of the wall element 3. This advantageously completely closes off the second part 6b of the cooling air duct at the top.

Zudem bildet der gezeigte Formkörper 4 eine untere Begrenzung 39b der Ausnehmung 34. In der dargestellten Ausführung weist die untere Begrenzung 39b einen oder mehrere zurückversetzte Bereiche auf, welcher bzw. welche die Hinterwand 30 nicht berührt und so einen oder mehrere untere, zweite Rückblasöffnungen 43 für den Kühlluftkanal an der Unterkante 8d des Rückwandelements 3 bildet bzw. bilden.In addition, the molded body 4 shown forms a lower boundary 39b of the recess 34. In the embodiment shown, the lower boundary 39b has one or more recessed areas, which do not touch the rear wall 30 and thus one or more lower, second blow-back openings 43 for forms or forms the cooling air channel on the lower edge 8d of the rear wall element 3.

Auch die unteren zweiten Rückblasöffnungen 43 führen in die zweite Temperaturzone 2b.The lower second blow-back openings 43 also lead into the second temperature zone 2b.

Weiter kann der Formkörper 4 Abstandshalter 37 bilden, welche die Ausnehmung 34 gegen die Rückwand abstützen. Zudem können solche Abstandshalter 37 auch als Luftführungselemente eingesetzt werden.Furthermore, the shaped body 4 can form spacers 37, which support the recess 34 against the rear wall. In addition, such spacers 37 can also be used as air guiding elements.

Wie am besten aus Fig. 7 ersichtlich, ist die Ausnehmung 34 mit Vorteil nicht überall gleich tief. Insbesondere besitzt sie einen oberen, tieferen Bereich 34a und einen unteren, weniger tiefen Bereich 34b. Durch diese Ausgestaltung kann der Luftfluss im Kühlluftkanal den Anforderungen entsprechend in ein gewünschtes Verhältnis gebracht werden.How best to look Fig. 7 As can be seen, the recess 34 is advantageously not the same depth everywhere. In particular, it has an upper, deeper area 34a and a lower, less deep area 34b. This configuration allows the air flow in the cooling air duct to be brought into a desired ratio according to the requirements.

Wie aus Fig. 10 ersichtlich, ist in der Hinterwand 30 des Kühlgeräts der Verdampfer 40 einer Wärmepumpe angeordnet. Er ist thermisch mit einer Wandplatte 42 verbunden, welche die Innenseite der Hinterwand 30 bildet, d.h. die zum Nutzraum 2 hin gerichtete Seite.How out Fig. 10 As can be seen, the evaporator 40 of a heat pump is arranged in the rear wall 30 of the cooling device. It is thermally connected to a wall plate 42, which forms the inside of the rear wall 30, ie the side facing the usable space 2.

Die Ausgestaltung der Wärmepumpe wird weiter unten genauer beschrieben. Wie daraus ersichtlich, besitzt die vorliegende Ausführung des Kühlgeräts zwei Verdampfer, weshalb der Verdampfer 40 weiter unten teilweise als "erster Verdampfer 40" bezeichnet wird. Dabei werden Begriffe "erster" und "zweiter" Verdampfer lediglich zur Aufzählung verwendet und beschreiben nicht die Durchflussreihenfolge der Verdampfer. Vorzugsweise fliesst das Kältemedium zunächst durch den zweiten und danach durch den ersten Verdampfer.The design of the heat pump is described in more detail below. As can be seen, the present embodiment of the refrigerator has two evaporators, which is why the evaporator 40 is sometimes referred to below as the “first evaporator 40”. The terms “first” and “second” evaporator are merely used Enumeration does not use or describe the flow order of the evaporators. The cold medium preferably flows first through the second and then through the first evaporator.

Hinter dem Verdampfer 40, d.h. nach aussen hin, ist ein Isolationselement 44, insbesondere ein Vakuum-Isolationspanel, angeordnet.Behind the evaporator 40, i.e. towards the outside, an insulation element 44, in particular a vacuum insulation panel, is arranged.

Der Bereich des Kühlluftkanals 6a, 6b, der mit dem Verdampfer 40 in Kontakt steht, wird als Kühlstrecke 13 bezeichnet.The area of the cooling air channel 6a, 6b, which is in contact with the evaporator 40, is referred to as the cooling section 13.

Die Rückblasöffnungen 38a - 38n und 43 sind der Kühlstrecke 13 entlang an verschiedenen, vertikal voneinander beabstandeten Positionen angeordnet.The blowback openings 38a - 38n and 43 are arranged along the cooling section 13 at different, vertically spaced positions.

Im Betrieb fördert der Lüfter 10 die Luft von vorne nach hinten, d.h. er saugt die Luft durch die Ansaugöffnungen 7a - 7i an, fördert sie durch den ersten Teil 6a des Kühlluftkanals, durch die Öffnung 12, durch den zweiten Teil 6b des Kühlluftkanals und zu den Rückblasöffnungen 38a - 38n und 43.During operation, the fan 10 conveys the air from front to back, i.e. it sucks in the air through the suction openings 7a - 7i, conveys it through the first part 6a of the cooling air duct, through the opening 12, through the second part 6b of the cooling air duct and to the blowback openings 38a - 38n and 43.

Beispiele für entsprechende Luftströmungen sind gestrichelt in Fig. 4 und 6 eingezeichnet.Examples of corresponding air flows are dashed in Fig. 4 and 6 drawn.

Dabei wird die Luft bei ihrem Durchlauf durch den zweiten Teil 6b des Kühlluftkanals vom Verdampfer 40 gekühlt.The air is cooled by the evaporator 40 as it passes through the second part 6b of the cooling air duct.

In der gezeigten Ausführung läuft die Luft im Wesentlichen von oben nach unten durch den Kühlluftkanal und streicht von oben nach unten am Kühlelement bzw. Verdampfer 40 vorbei.In the embodiment shown, the air runs essentially from top to bottom through the cooling air duct and sweeps past the cooling element or evaporator 40 from top to bottom.

In der gezeigten Ausführung ist das Kühlelement (d.h. der Verdampfer 40) hinter der Wandplatte 42 angeordnet. Er kann jedoch auch im Kühlluftkanal selbst angeordnet und z.B. beidseitig von Kühlluft umströmt sein.In the embodiment shown, the cooling element (i.e. the evaporator 40) is arranged behind the wall plate 42. However, it can also be arranged in the cooling air duct itself and, for example, have cooling air flow around it on both sides.

Die genaue Ausgestaltung des Verdampfers ist im vorliegenden Zusammenhang von untergeordneter Bedeutung. Er kann beispielsweise eingeschäumt oder frei im Luftstrom angeordnet sein. Es kann sich z.B. um einen Rohr-, Rollbond- oder um einen Lamellen-Wärmetauscher handeln.The exact design of the evaporator is of minor importance in the present context. For example, it can be foamed in or freely arranged in the air flow. It can be, for example, one Tube, roll bond or finned heat exchanger.

Da im vorliegenden Beispiel die Luft an der Kanten 8a - 8d des Rückwandelements 3 ein- und austritt, sind in diesem Bereich Spalten bzw. Abstände zu den angrenzenden Bauteilen des Nutzraums 2 vorzusehen, zumindest im Bereich der Ansaug- und Rückblasöffnungen.Since in the present example the air enters and exits at the edges 8a - 8d of the rear wall element 3, gaps or distances from the adjacent components of the usable space 2 must be provided in this area, at least in the area of the suction and blow-back openings.

Kühlbetrieb:Cooling mode:

Im Folgenden wird der Kühlbetrieb des Geräts genauer beschrieben.The cooling operation of the device is described in more detail below.

Zunächst wird hierzu auf Fig. 11 verwiesen, welche die wichtigsten Komponenten des Kühlsystems des Geräts zeigt.First of all, this will be discussed Fig. 11 which shows the most important components of the device's cooling system.

Das Kühlgerät besitzt eine Wärmepumpe mit einem Kompressor 50, einem Verflüssiger 52, ein Umschaltventil 54, mehreren Drosseln 56a, 56b (welche im vorliegenden Fall als Kapillaren ausgestaltet sind), dem ersten Verdampfer 40 und einen zweiten Verdampfer 58.The cooling device has a heat pump with a compressor 50, a condenser 52, a switching valve 54, several throttles 56a, 56b (which in the present case are designed as capillaries), the first evaporator 40 and a second evaporator 58.

Die Komponenten des Kühlgeräts werden von einer Steuerung 60 gesteuert. Diese kann auch mit Sensoren kommunizieren, welche den aktuellen Zustand des Geräts messen, wie z.B. einem ersten Temperatursensor 62a zum Messen der Temperatur in der ersten Temperaturzone 2a und einem zweiten Temperatursensor 62b zum Messen der Temperatur in der zweiten Temperaturzone 2b.The components of the cooling device are controlled by a controller 60. This can also communicate with sensors that measure the current state of the device, such as a first temperature sensor 62a for measuring the temperature in the first temperature zone 2a and a second temperature sensor 62b for measuring the temperature in the second temperature zone 2b.

Der Kompressor 50 besitzt eine variable Drehzahl, d.h. er kann von der Steuerung 60 mit mehreren, unterschiedlichen Drehzahlen > 0 betrieben werden.The compressor 50 has a variable speed, i.e. it can be operated by the controller 60 with several different speeds > 0.

Er fördert das Kühlmedium zum Verflüssiger 52, wo es unter Wärmeabgabe auskondensiert. Sodann strömt das flüssige Kühlmedium zum Umschaltventil 54.It conveys the cooling medium to the condenser 52, where it condenses out while releasing heat. The liquid cooling medium then flows to the switching valve 54.

Das Umschaltventil 54 wird von der Steuerung 60 gesteuert. In der vorliegenden Ausführung kann damit der Strom der Kühlflüssigkeit zwischen den Drosseln bzw. Kapillaren 56a, 56b umgeschaltet werden.The switching valve 54 is controlled by the controller 60. In the present embodiment, the flow of coolant between the throttles or capillaries 56a, 56b can be switched.

Die erste Kapillare 56a führt vom Umschaltventil 54 zum Eingang des bereits beschriebenen ersten Verdampfers 40. Die zweite Kapillare 56b führt vom Umschaltventil 54 zum Eingang des zweiten Verdampfers 58.The first capillary 56a leads from the switching valve 54 to the inlet of the first evaporator 40 already described. The second capillary 56b leads from the switching valve 54 to the inlet of the second evaporator 58.

Der zweite Verdampfer 58 ist in der vorliegenden Ausführung einem Gefrierfach 64 zugeordnet. Dieses ist thermisch vom Nutzraum 2 getrennt und es wird in der Regel mit einer tieferen Temperatur betrieben als der Nutzraum 2, z.B. bei einer Solltemperatur von -25°C bis - 10°C.The second evaporator 58 is assigned to a freezer compartment 64 in the present embodiment. This is thermally separated from the usable space 2 and is usually operated at a lower temperature than the usable space 2, e.g. at a target temperature of -25°C to -10°C.

Vorzugsweise findet zwischen dem Gefrierfach 64 und dem Nutzraum 2 kein Gasaustausch statt.Preferably, no gas exchange takes place between the freezer compartment 64 and the usable space 2.

Mit dem Umschaltventil 54 kann das Kühlgerät, je nach Art des Umschaltventils 54, in zumindest zwei Betriebsmodi betrieben werden.With the switching valve 54, the cooling device can be operated in at least two operating modes, depending on the type of switching valve 54.

In einem ersten Betriebsmodus ist das Umschaltventil 54 so eingestellt, dass das Kühlmedium durch die zweite Kapillare 56b fliesst. Somit durchläuft es zunächst den zweiten Verdampfer 58, wo es (je nach Temperaturverhältnissen) zumindest schon teilweise verdampfen kann. Dann gelangt es über eine Verbindungsleitung 66 zum ersten Verdampfer 40.In a first operating mode, the switching valve 54 is set so that the cooling medium flows through the second capillary 56b. It therefore first passes through the second evaporator 58, where it can at least partially evaporate (depending on the temperature conditions). It then reaches the first evaporator 40 via a connecting line 66.

Im zweiten Betriebsmodus ist das Umschaltventil 54 so eingestellt, dass das Kühlmedium durch die erste Kapillare 56a fliesst. Somit umgeht es also den zweiten Verdampfer 58 und tritt direkt in den ersten Verdampfer 40 ein.In the second operating mode, the switching valve 54 is set so that the cooling medium flows through the first capillary 56a. It therefore bypasses the second evaporator 58 and enters directly into the first evaporator 40.

In beiden Betriebsmodi tritt das Kühlmedium von unten in den zweiten Verdampfer 40 ein. Die flüssige Phase des Kühlmediums wird sich somit im untersten Bereich des Verdampfers 40 ansammeln. Die Obergrenze des flüssigen Kühlmediums ist in Fig. 11 beispielsweise unter Bezugsziffer 68 eingezeichnet.In both operating modes, the cooling medium enters the second evaporator 40 from below. The liquid phase of the cooling medium will thus accumulate in the lowest area of the evaporator 40. The upper limit of the liquid cooling medium is in Fig. 11 for example shown under reference number 68.

Wie eingangs diskutiert, ist die Kühlwirkung des ersten Verdampfers 40 unterhalb dieser Obergrenze 68 stärker als oberhalb.As discussed at the beginning, the cooling effect of the first evaporator 40 is stronger below this upper limit 68 than above it.

Vom ersten Verdampfer 40 gelangt das Kühlmedium über eine Rückflussleitung 70 zurück zum Kompressor 50.From the first evaporator 40, the cooling medium returns to the compressor 50 via a return line 70.

Die Rückflussleitung 70 kann über einen Wärmetauscher 72 mit den Drosseln bzw. Kapillaren 56a, 56b gekoppelt sein. Dadurch wird die Effizienz des Geräts verbessert.The return flow line 70 can be coupled to the throttles or capillaries 56a, 56b via a heat exchanger 72. This improves the efficiency of the device.

Das Grundprinzip der Funktionsweise des Geräts wird schematisch anhand Fig. 12 und 13 illustriert. Diese Figuren zeigen den Nutzraum 2 mit der ersten und der zweiten Temperaturzone 2a, 2b. Weiter werden das Rückwandelement 3 sowie der erste Verdampfer 40 dargestellt.The basic principle of operation of the device is shown schematically 12 and 13 illustrated. These figures show the usable space 2 with the first and second temperature zones 2a, 2b. The rear wall element 3 and the first evaporator 40 are also shown.

Der Kühlluftkanal wird generell mit der Bezugsziffer 6 bezeichnet. Der Lüfter ist nicht dargestellt.The cooling air duct is generally designated by the reference number 6. The fan is not shown.

Die Kühlluft, die durch die Ansaugöffnungen in den Kühlluftkanal 6a, 6b und von dort durch die Rückblasöffnungen 37a - 38n, 43 zurück in den Nutzraum 2 fliesst, ist mit Pfeilen illustriert.The cooling air, which flows through the suction openings into the cooling air duct 6a, 6b and from there through the blow-back openings 37a - 38n, 43 back into the usable space 2, is illustrated with arrows.

Wie ersichtlich, wird die Kühlluft aus der ersten Temperaturzone 2a angesogen (Pfeile 72a). Sie fliesst durch den Kühlluftkanal 6 nach unten. Insbesondere läuft sie von oben nach unten durch die Kühlstrecke 13 am ersten Verdampfer 40 entlang.As can be seen, the cooling air is drawn in from the first temperature zone 2a (arrows 72a). It flows downwards through the cooling air duct 6. In particular, it runs from top to bottom through the cooling section 13 on the first evaporator 40.

Die Kühlluft tritt an verschiedenen vertikalen Positionen in die Rückblasöffnungen 38a - 38n, 43.The cooling air enters the blow-back openings 38a - 38n, 43 at various vertical positions.

Wenn sie durch eine der oberen Rückblasöffnungen tritt (Rückblasöffnungen 38a - 38m im obigen Beispiel, Pfeile 72b), so fliesst sie in die erste Temperaturzone 2a. Wenn sie durch eine der unteren Rückblasöffnungen tritt (Rückblasöffnungen 38n und 43, Pfeile 72c), so tritt sie in die zweite Temperaturzone 2b.If it passes through one of the upper blow-back openings (re-blow openings 38a - 38m in the example above, arrows 72b), it flows into the first temperature zone 2a. If it passes through one of the lower blow-back openings (re-blow openings 38n and 43, arrows 72c), it enters the second temperature zone 2b.

Von der zweiten Temperaturzone 2b wird die Luft durch eine oder mehrere Lücken oder Öffnungen 74 im Bereich der Zwischenwand 11 nach oben in die erste Temperaturzone 2a gefördert.From the second temperature zone 2b, the air is conveyed upwards into the first temperature zone 2a through one or more gaps or openings 74 in the area of the intermediate wall 11.

Die Kühlwirkung des ersten Verdampfers 40 hängt davon ab, wo die Obergrenze 68 des flüssigen Kühlmediums liegt.The cooling effect of the first evaporator 40 depends on where the upper limit 68 of the liquid cooling medium lies.

Liegt diese Obergrenze 68 relativ hoch (wie in Fig. 12 unter Bezugsziffer 68a dargestellt), so wird mindestens ein Teil der Kühlluft gekühlt, bevor sie durch die oberen ("ersten") Rückblasöffnungen 38a - 38m in die erste Temperaturzone 2a zurückfliesst. Es kann also eine relativ starke Kühlung der ersten Temperaturzone 2a erreicht werden.If this upper limit is 68 relatively high (as in Fig. 12 shown under reference number 68a), at least part of the cooling air is cooled before it flows back into the first temperature zone 2a through the upper ("first") blow-back openings 38a - 38m. A relatively strong cooling of the first temperature zone 2a can therefore be achieved.

Liegt die Obergrenze 68 des flüssigen Kühlmediums relativ tief (wie in Fig. 12 unter Bezugsziffer 68b dargestellt), insbesondere unterhalb aller "ersten" Rückblasöffnungen 38a - 38m, so wird primär nur die Luft gekühlt, welche durch die unteren ("zweiten") Rückblasöffnungen 38n, 43 fliesst.If the upper limit 68 of the liquid cooling medium is relatively low (as in Fig. 12 shown under reference numeral 68b), in particular below all "first" blow-back openings 38a - 38m, only the air which flows through the lower ("second") blow-back openings 38n, 43 is primarily cooled.

Die Steuerung 60 kann die Position der Obergrenze 68 in verschiedener Weise beeinflussen. Zwei mögliche Stellwerte sind die Folgenden:

  • Sind der zweite Verdampfer 58 sowie ein Umschaltventil 54 vorgesehen, so ist bei ansonsten gleichen Betriebsparametern die Obergrenze 68 tiefer, wenn das Kühlmedium zuerst durch den zweiten Verdampfer 58 und erst dann durch den ersten Verdampfer 40 geführt wird, als wenn es direkt vom Umschaltventil 54 zum ersten Verdampfer 40 geführt wird.
  • Die Obergrenze 68 kann auch (selbst wenn kein Umschaltventil vorgesehen ist) durch die Förderleistung des Kompressors 50 beeinflusst werden. Wenn eine hohe Förderleistung gewählt wird, liegt die Obergrenze 68 höher, als wenn eine tiefere Förderleistung gewählt wird.
The controller 60 can influence the position of the upper limit 68 in various ways. Two possible control values are the following:
  • If the second evaporator 58 and a changeover valve 54 are provided, the upper limit 68 is lower with otherwise the same operating parameters if the cooling medium is first passed through the second evaporator 58 and only then through the first evaporator 40 than if it is passed directly from the changeover valve 54 to the first evaporator 40 is performed.
  • The upper limit 68 can also be influenced by the delivery capacity of the compressor 50 (even if no switching valve is provided). If a high delivery rate is selected, the upper limit 68 is higher than if a lower delivery rate is selected.

Ein weiterer wichtiger Betriebsparameter des Kühlgeräts ist die Förderleistung des Lüfters 10.Another important operating parameter of the cooling device is the delivery capacity of the fan 10.

Ist diese sehr hoch, so findet kaum ein Wärmetausch zwischen dem Verdampfer 40 und der Luft statt, und die Luft, welche aus den Rückblasöffnungen 38a - 38n sowie 43 in die Temperaturzonen 2a, 2b fliesst, hat im Wesentlichen dieselbe Temperatur wie die Luft, welche angesogen wird, d.h. die Temperatur T1 der ersten Temperaturzone 2a. Ist die Temperatur T2 der zweiten Temperaturzone 2b tiefer als T1, so wird die zweite Temperaturzone 2b erwärmt.If this is very high, there is hardly any heat exchange between the evaporator 40 and the air, and the air that flows from the blow-back openings 38a - 38n and 43 into the temperature zones 2a, 2b has Essentially the same temperature as the air that is sucked in, ie the temperature T1 of the first temperature zone 2a. If the temperature T2 of the second temperature zone 2b is lower than T1, the second temperature zone 2b is heated.

Ist die Förderleistung des Lüfters 10 geringer, so verweilt die Luft länger in der Kühlstrecke 13 und wird vom Verdampfer 40 merklich abgekühlt. Dadurch können, je nach Position der Obergrenze 68 der flüssigen Phase im Verdampfer 40, die untere oder beide Temperaturzonen 2a, 2b abgekühlt werden.If the delivery capacity of the fan 10 is lower, the air stays longer in the cooling section 13 and is noticeably cooled by the evaporator 40. As a result, depending on the position of the upper limit 68 of the liquid phase in the evaporator 40, the lower or both temperature zones 2a, 2b can be cooled.

Ist die Förderleistung des Lüfters 10 sehr gering, so wird die Luft zwar stark abgekühlt, aber deren Kühlleistung ist aufgrund des kleinen Volumenstroms gering.If the delivery capacity of the fan 10 is very low, the air is cooled down significantly, but its cooling capacity is low due to the small volume flow.

Im Folgenden wird die Temperaturregelung der Temperaturen in den beiden Temperaturzonen 2a, 2b anhand von Beispielen illustriert. Dabei bezeichnen T1 und T2 die momentanen Temperaturen in der ersten bzw. zweiten Temperaturzone 2a, 2b und Tisoll bzw. T2soll deren Solltemperaturen. Weiter wird als "hoher Flüssigkeitsstand" im Verdampfer 40 ein Zustand bezeichnet, bei welchem die Obergrenze 68 des flüssigen Kühlmediums im Verdampfer 40 oberhalb zumindest der untersten ersten Rückblasöffnung 38m liegt, vorzugsweise oberhalb mindestens der Hälfte der ersten Rückblasöffnungen 38a - 38n, insbesondere oberhalb aller der ersten Rückblasöffnungen 38a - 38n. Als "tiefer Flüssigkeitstand" im Verdampfer 40 wird ein Zustand bezeichnet, bei welchem die Obergrenze 68 des flüssigen Kühlmediums im Verdampfer 40 unter der untersten ersten Rückblasöffnung 38m liegt, insbesondere aber oberhalb eines Teils, vorzugsweise aller zweiten Rückblasöffnungen 38n, 43. Mögliche Massnahmen zur Beeinflussung der Obergrenze 68 sind oben beschrieben.The temperature control of the temperatures in the two temperature zones 2a, 2b is illustrated below using examples. T1 and T2 denote the current temperatures in the first and second temperature zones 2a, 2b and Tisoll or T2soll their target temperatures. Furthermore, a “high liquid level” in the evaporator 40 refers to a state in which the upper limit 68 of the liquid cooling medium in the evaporator 40 is above at least the lowest first blow-back opening 38m, preferably above at least half of the first blow-back openings 38a - 38n, in particular above all of them first blow-back openings 38a - 38n. A “low liquid level” in the evaporator 40 refers to a condition in which the upper limit 68 of the liquid cooling medium in the evaporator 40 is below the lowest first blow-back opening 38m, but in particular above a part, preferably all, of the second blow-back openings 38n, 43. Possible measures for influencing this the upper limit 68 are described above.

Ist T1 < Tisoll und T2 < T2soll: Die Steuerung 60 steuert das Gerät so, dass sich im Verdampfer 40 höchstens der tiefe Flüssigkeitsstand einstellt, um die Kühlleistung zu reduzieren. Mit Vorteil wird die Obergrenze 68 so tief eingestellt, dass zumindest ein Teil der zweiten Rückblasöffnungen 38n, 43 oberhalb der Obergrenze 68 liegen. Zusätzlich kann die Steuerung 60 die Förderleistung des Lüfters 10 mindestens zeitweise erhöhen. Beide Massnahmen reduzieren die Abkühlung der Luft im Kühlluftkanal 6.If T1 < Tisoll and T2 < T2soll: The controller 60 controls the device so that at most the low liquid level is set in the evaporator 40 in order to achieve this Reduce cooling performance. The upper limit 68 is advantageously set so low that at least some of the second blow-back openings 38n, 43 lie above the upper limit 68. In addition, the controller 60 can increase the delivery capacity of the fan 10 at least temporarily. Both measures reduce the cooling of the air in the cooling air duct 6.

Ist T1 < Tisoll und T2 > T2soll: Die Steuerung 60 steuert das Gerät so, dass sich im Verdampfer 40 der tiefe Flüssigkeitsstand einstellt, so dass in erster Linie nur die in die zweite Temperaturzone 2b fliessende Luft gekühlt wird. Gleichzeitig kann die Förderleistung des Lüfters nötigenfalls mindestens zeitweise reduziert werden, um die Luft, die in die zweite Temperaturzone 2b eintritt, stark zu kühlen.If T1 < Tisoll and T2 > T2soll: The controller 60 controls the device so that the low liquid level is set in the evaporator 40, so that primarily only the air flowing into the second temperature zone 2b is cooled. At the same time, if necessary, the delivery capacity of the fan can be reduced at least temporarily in order to greatly cool the air entering the second temperature zone 2b.

Ist T1 > Tisoll und T2 < T2soll: Die Steuerung 60 steuert das Gerät so, dass sich im Verdampfer 40 der hohe Flüssigkeitsstand einstellt, so dass auch die in die erste Temperaturzone 2a fliessende Luft gekühlt wird. Gleichzeitig wird vorzugsweise die Förderleistung des Lüfters mindestens zeitweise so gross gewählt, dass die Luft im Luftkanal 6a, 6b keine Zeit hat, sich stark abzukühlen, so dass deren Temperatur bei Durchtritt durch die zweiten Rückblasöffnungen 38n, 43 eine Temperatur grösser als T2soll hat. Gleichzeitig hat sie aber mit Vorteil eine Temperatur kleiner Tisoll, so dass sie zur Kühlung der ersten Temperaturzone 2a beiträgt,If T1 > Tisoll and T2 < T2soll: The controller 60 controls the device so that the high liquid level is set in the evaporator 40, so that the air flowing into the first temperature zone 2a is also cooled. At the same time, the delivery rate of the fan is preferably chosen to be so high at least at times that the air in the air duct 6a, 6b does not have time to cool down significantly, so that its temperature when passing through the second blow-back openings 38n, 43 has a temperature greater than T2setpoint. At the same time, however, it advantageously has a temperature of less than Tsoll, so that it contributes to the cooling of the first temperature zone 2a,

Ist T1 > Tisoll und T2 > T2soll: Die Steuerung 60 steuert das Gerät so, dass sich im Verdampfer 40 der hohe Flüssigkeitsstand einstellt, so dass auch die in die erste Temperaturzone 2a fliessende Luft gekühlt wird. Gleichzeitig wird die Förderleistung des Lüfters mindestens zeitweise so gering gewählt, dass die Luft im Luftkanal genügend Zeit hat, sich so stark abzukühlen, so dass deren Temperatur bei Durchtritt durch die zweiten Rückblasöffnungen 38n, 43 eine Temperatur kleiner als T2soll hat, und dass deren Temperatur bei Durchtritt durch zumindest einen Teil der ersten Rückblasöffnungen 38a - 38m eine Temperatur kleiner als Tisoll hat.If T1 > Tisoll and T2 > T2soll: The controller 60 controls the device so that the high liquid level is set in the evaporator 40, so that the air flowing into the first temperature zone 2a is also cooled. At the same time, the delivery rate of the fan is chosen to be so low, at least at times, that the air in the air duct has enough time to cool down so much that its temperature when it passes through the second blow-back openings 38n, 43 has a temperature lower than T2setpoint, and that its temperature upon passage has a temperature lower than Tisoll through at least part of the first blow-back openings 38a - 38m.

Diese Art der Regelung funktioniert für T2soll < Tisoll in relativ weiten Bereichen.This type of control works for T2soll < Tisoll in a relatively wide range.

Eine weitere Stellgrösse ist die Drehzahl bzw. Förderleistung des Kompressors 50. Durch eine Erhöhung der Drehzahl können die Kühlleistung erhöht und gleichzeitig die Verdampfungstemperatur reduziert werden. Umgekehrt können durch eine Reduktion der Drehzahl die Kühlleistung reduziert und die Verdampfungstemperatur erhöht werden.Another manipulated variable is the speed or delivery capacity of the compressor 50. By increasing the speed, the cooling capacity can be increased and the evaporation temperature can be reduced at the same time. Conversely, by reducing the speed, the cooling capacity can be reduced and the evaporation temperature can be increased.

Bemerkungen:Remarks:

Mit Vorteil ist die erste Temperaturzone 2a ein Kühlfach mit einer Solltemperatur Tisoll zwischen 0° und 10°C, insbesondere zwischen 2 und 7°C.The first temperature zone 2a is advantageously a cooling compartment with a target temperature Tisoll between 0 ° and 10 ° C, in particular between 2 and 7 ° C.

Die zweite Temperaturzone 2b ist ein Kaltlagerfach mit einer Solltemperatur T2soll zwischen -2° und 3°C, insbesondere zwischen 0° und 3°C.The second temperature zone 2b is a cold storage compartment with a target temperature T2soll between -2° and 3°C, in particular between 0° and 3°C.

Mit Vorteil beträgt die Differenz Tisoll - T2soll höchstens 10°C, insbesondere höchstens 5°C, z.B. um die Kondensatbildung in den kalten Bereichen gering zu halten.The difference Tisoll - T2soll is advantageously a maximum of 10°C, in particular a maximum of 5°C, e.g. in order to keep the formation of condensation in the cold areas to a minimum.

Die Förderleistung des Lüfters 10 sollte in einem zur Durchführung der obigen Massnahmen ausreichendem Bereich steuerbar sein. Für einen Kühlschrank mit einem Nutzraum 2 von 200 Litern hat sich eine Förderleistung im Bereich von 10 bis 30 m3/h z.B. als zweckmässig erwiesen. Andere Förderleistungen sind denkbar. Sie hängen u.a. von der Grösse des Nutzraums 2 sowie den Betriebsparametern der Wärmepumpe ab und können experimentell oder rechnerisch ermittelt werden.The delivery capacity of the fan 10 should be controllable within a range sufficient to carry out the above measures. For a refrigerator with a usable space 2 of 200 liters, a delivery rate in the range of 10 to 30 m 3 /h has proven to be useful, for example. Other funding services are conceivable. They depend, among other things, on the size of the usable space 2 and the operating parameters of the heat pump and can be determined experimentally or mathematically.

Im obigen Beispiel sind zwei Temperaturzonen 2a, 2b vorgesehen. Es können jedoch auch mehr als zwei Temperaturzonen vorgesehen sein.In the example above, two temperature zones 2a, 2b are provided. However, more than two temperature zones can also be provided.

Mit Vorteil sind die Temperaturzonen übereinander angeordnet und/oder durch horizontale Trennwände 11 voneinander abgetrennt.The temperature zones are advantageously arranged one above the other and/or separated from one another by horizontal partitions 11.

Die mindestens eine Ansaugöffnung 7a - 7i ist höher als die Rückblasöffnungen 38a - 38n, 43 angeordnet, bzw. mit dem Lüfter 10 wird die Luft von oben nach unten durch die Kühlstrecke 13 geführt, so dass der starke Temperaturgradient im Verdampfer 40 in effizienter Weise zur Steuerung der Temperaturen eingesetzt werden kann.The at least one suction opening 7a - 7i is arranged higher than the blow-back openings 38a - 38n, 43, or with the fan 10 the air is guided from top to bottom through the cooling section 13, so that the strong temperature gradient in the evaporator 40 is efficiently Temperature control can be used.

In der gezeigten Ausführung mündet mindestens eine der Ansaugöffnungen 7a - 7i in der ersten Temperaturzone 2a. Mit Vorteil münden alle Ansaugöffnungen 7a - 7i in der ersten Temperaturzone. Denkbar ist allerdings, dass mindestens eine Ansaugöffnung auch in der zweiten Temperaturzone 2b mündet.In the embodiment shown, at least one of the suction openings 7a - 7i opens into the first temperature zone 2a. Advantageously, all suction openings 7a - 7i open into the first temperature zone. However, it is conceivable that at least one suction opening also opens into the second temperature zone 2b.

Im Bereich der Temperaturzonen 2a, 2b wird mit dem Lüfter 10 die Luft mit Vorteil von unten nach oben gefördert, d.h. die Luft tritt von der unteren, zweiten Temperaturzone 2b in die obere, erste Temperaturzone 2a.In the area of the temperature zones 2a, 2b, the air is advantageously conveyed from bottom to top using the fan 10, i.e. the air passes from the lower, second temperature zone 2b into the upper, first temperature zone 2a.

In den obigen Beispielen ist ein Kühlschrank dargestellt. Das Kühlgerät kann jedoch z.B. auch als Tiefkühlgerät oder Weinkühler oder für anderes Kühlgut ausgestaltet sein, und/oder es kann sich um ein Kombinationsgerät mit mehreren Kühlzonen für unterschiedliche Temperaturen handeln.A refrigerator is shown in the examples above. However, the cooling device can also be designed, for example, as a freezer or wine cooler or for other cooled goods, and/or it can be a combination device with several cooling zones for different temperatures.

Der Kühlluftkanal kann auch mindestens teilweise oder vollständig an anderer Stelle im Gerät angeordnet sein, z.B. in einer Seitenwand.The cooling air duct can also be arranged at least partially or completely elsewhere in the device, for example in a side wall.

Das Gefrierfach 64 ist, wie erwähnt, optional.The freezer compartment 64 is, as mentioned, optional.

Während in der vorliegenden Anmeldung bevorzugte Ausführungen der Erfindung beschrieben sind, ist klar darauf hinzuweisen, dass die Erfindung nicht auf diese beschränkt ist und in auch anderer Weise innerhalb des Umfangs der folgenden Ansprüche ausgeführt werden kann.While preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the present application, it is to be clearly understood that the invention is not limited thereto and may be embodied in other ways within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (13)

  1. Cooling device with
    a useable space (2) with different temperature zones (2a, 2b),
    a heat pump (50, 52, 56a, 56b, 40, 58) comprising a compressor (50) for conveying a coolant, a condenser (52) and at least a first evaporator (40),
    a cooling air duct (6a, 6b), which is connected to the useable space (2) via at least one suction opening (7a - 7i) and a plurality of blow-back openings (38a - 38n, 43), wherein the first evaporator (40) is arranged along a cooling section (13) of the cooling air duct (6a, 6b) and wherein the blow-back openings (38a - 38n, 43) are arranged along the cooling section (13) at different, vertically spaced-apart positions,
    a fan (10) for conveying air in the cooling air duct (6a, 6b) from the suction opening (7a - 7i) to the blow-back openings (38a - 38n, 43), and
    a control unit (60) which is adapted to maintain different set temperatures in the different temperature zones (2a, 2b),
    characterised in that the compressor (50) is adapted to convey the coolant from bottom to top along the first evaporator (40) and
    in that the control unit (60) is adapted to control a quantity of liquid medium in the first evaporator (40) as a function of the set temperatures and of actual temperatures in the temperature zones (2a, 2b).
  2. Cooling device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (60) is adapted to set an upper limit (68) of liquid coolant in the first evaporator (40) depending on the set temperatures and the actual temperatures in the temperature zones (2a, 2b) above or below at least one first blow-back opening (38a - 38m).
  3. Cooling device according to claim 2,
    wherein a second blow-back opening (38n, 43) is arranged lower than the first blow-back opening (38a - 38m).
  4. Cooling device according to one of the claims 2 or 3 with a first temperature zone (2a) and a second temperature zone (2b), wherein the first blow-back opening (38a - 38m) opens into the first temperature zone (2a) and the second blow-back opening (38n, 43) opens into the second temperature zone (2b).
  5. Cooling device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (60) is adapted to control a delivery rate of the fan (10) depending on the set temperatures and the actual temperatures in the temperature zones (2a, 2b).
  6. Cooling device according to claims 4 and 5, wherein the control unit (60) is adapted to control the cooling device as a function of the temperature T1 in the first temperature zone (2a), the set temperature T1set in the first temperature zone (2a), the temperature T2 in the second temperature zone (2b) and the set temperature T2set in the second temperature zone (2b) in such a way that
    at T1 < T1set and T2 < T2set, at most a low liquid level is set in the evaporator (40), and in particular that the delivery rate of the fan (10) is increased at least temporarily, and/or
    at T1 < T1set and T2 > T2set a low liquid level is set in the evaporator (40), and in particular that the delivery rate of the fan (10) is at least temporarily reduced, and/or
    at T1 > T1set and T2 < T2set, a high liquid level is established in the evaporator (40), and in particular that the flow rate of the fan (10) is at least temporarily so high that the air flowing through the second blow-back opening (38n, 43) has a temperature greater than T2set, and/or
    at T1 > T1set and T2 > T2set, the high liquid level is set in the evaporator (40), and in particular that the delivery rate of the fan (10) is at least temporarily so low that air flowing through the second blow-back opening (38n, 43) has a temperature lower than T2set and through the first blow-back opening (38a - 38m) has a temperature lower than T1set,
    wherein the "high liquid level" describes a state in which an upper limit (68) of liquid coolant in the first evaporator (40) is above at least one lowermost first blow-back opening (38m), preferably above at least one half of the first blow-back openings (38a - 38m), in particular above all of the first blow-back openings (38a - 38m), and
    wherein the "low liquid level" describes a state in which the upper limit (68) of the liquid coolant in the first evaporator (40) is below the lowest first blow-back opening (38m), but in particular above a part, preferably all, of the second blow-back openings (38n, 43), and
    wherein T2set < T1set.
  7. Cooling device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein no controlled closure means are associated with the blow-back openings (38a - 38n, 43).
  8. Cooling device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least two throttles (56a, 56b) are arranged between the condenser (52) and the first evaporator (40), and wherein a changeover valve (54) is provided to vary a relative flow between the two throttles (56a, 56b), and
    wherein the control unit (60) is adapted to control the amount of liquid medium in the first evaporator (40) at least via the changeover valve (54).
  9. Cooling device according to claim 8,
    wherein at least a second evaporator (58) is provided, and wherein a first of the throttles guides coolant from the compressor (50) past the second evaporator (58) to the first evaporator (40) and a second of the throttles guides coolant from the compressor (50) to the second evaporator (58),
    and in particular wherein the cooling device has a freezer compartment (64) in addition to the usable space (2), and wherein the second evaporator (58) is associated with the freezer compartment (64).
  10. Cooling device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (60) is adapted to control a delivery rate of the compressor (50) as a function of the set temperatures and of actual temperatures in the temperature zones (2a, 2b).
  11. Cooling device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the suction opening (7a - 7i) is arranged higher than the blow-back openings (38a - 38n, 43), and in particular wherein the suction opening (7a - 7i) is arranged above the first evaporator (40).
  12. Cooling device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein air can be conveyed by the fan (10) from bottom to top through the temperature zones (2a, 2b).
  13. Method for operating the cooling device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the amount of liquid coolant in the first evaporator (40) is controlled as a function of the set temperatures and the actual temperatures in the temperature zones,
    and in particular wherein a delivery rate of the compressor (50) and/or a delivery rate of the fan (10) is controlled as a function of the set temperatures and the actual temperatures in the temperature zones (2a, 2b) .
EP19180899.7A 2018-08-02 2019-06-18 Refrigeration apparatus with multiple temperature zones Active EP3604988B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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CH00948/18A CH715229A1 (en) 2018-08-02 2018-08-02 Cooling device with multiple temperature zones.

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DE102020207648A1 (en) * 2020-06-22 2021-12-23 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Refrigeration device with an intake manifold heat exchanger and method for operating a refrigeration device with an intake manifold heat exchanger

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1642015A (en) * 1921-06-04 1927-09-13 Delco Light Co Refrigerating apparatus
US5509272A (en) * 1991-03-08 1996-04-23 Hyde; Robert E. Apparatus for dehumidifying air in an air-conditioned environment with climate control system
US5711159A (en) * 1994-09-07 1998-01-27 General Electric Company Energy-efficient refrigerator control system
US6931870B2 (en) * 2002-12-04 2005-08-23 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Time division multi-cycle type cooling apparatus and method for controlling the same
JP4303062B2 (en) * 2003-08-29 2009-07-29 日立アプライアンス株式会社 refrigerator
ATE447151T1 (en) * 2004-11-02 2009-11-15 Lg Electronics Inc COOLER
US8056360B2 (en) * 2006-11-22 2011-11-15 Paul Neilson Unmack Absorption refrigeration protective controller
DE102008016926A1 (en) 2008-01-30 2009-08-06 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Ochsenhausen GmbH Method for operating a refrigerator and / or freezer and operated by such a method refrigerator and / or freezer
US20160047595A1 (en) * 2014-08-18 2016-02-18 Paul Mueller Company Systems and Methods for Operating a Refrigeration System
CH709751B1 (en) * 2015-11-09 2019-06-28 V Zug Ag Refrigerator with a utility room with several temperature zones.

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