Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
  • H02K29/03—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K3/00—Details of windings
  • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
  • H02K3/47—Air-gap windings, i.e. iron-free windings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
  • H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
  • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

• the invention relates to a pole piece for limiting a winding surface of a rotatable about a rotation axis rotor, in particular for an electrical machine, an electric machine with such a pole piece and a vehicle with such an electric machine.
• Electrical machines can generate electrical energy from so-called generator operation using kinetic energy, such as the rotation of an axle.
• the electric machines also referred to as “alternators”, serve, for example, to generate or make available electrical energy for the on-board network of the vehicle.
• electrical machines can also be used to generate kinetic energy, such as an axis rotation, from electrical energy.
• electrically powered vehicles are developed, the core of which are electrical machines which replace the classic internal combustion engine. Claims made of such used electrical machines relate, for example, to an efficient use of stored electrical energy as well as a high and constant power output in order to be able to compete with or even surpass the classic internal combustion engines. It is an object of the invention to provide an improved pole piece. In particular, it is an object to minimize leakage losses of the magnetic flux in an electric machine, in particular at the exit from a pole piece, with an increased winding surface.
• a first aspect of the invention relates to a pole piece for limiting a winding surface of a rotatable about a rotation axis rotor, in particular a electrical machine, wherein the pole piece is connectable or connected to a pole web of the rotor.
• An outer side of the pole piece facing away from the pole web in a connected state has a first region with a substantially sinusoidal contour profile and a second region with a second contour profile.
• the second contour profile is different from the first contour profile and designed such that the winding surface is extended in a circumferential direction of the rotor relative to a winding surface of a pole piece with an exclusively substantially sinusoidally extending outside.
• a second aspect of the invention relates to an electric machine, in particular an electrically excited synchronous machine, which has a stator and a rotor.
• the rotor has a pole piece according to the first aspect of the invention.
• a third aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, with an electric machine according to the second aspect of the invention.
• a winding surface in the sense of the invention is to be understood as meaning a region on or around a pole web of a rotor of an electrical machine, which preferably extends radially inwards from a rotor axis of the rotor and radially outside from is limited to a pole piece.
• the winding surface is set up or designed in particular for receiving turns of a coil wire or a coil.
• the direction or position information "radial”, “axial” and “circumferential direction” refer in the context of the invention to a rotational axis of a rotor, in particular an electric machine.
• the invention is based in particular on the approach to design a Au .seite a pole piece for a rotor such that a dseite of the pole piece, in particular of the Au outside the inner side of the pole piece, limited winding area is increased or is formed while the Au .seite electromagnetically optimized is or will.
• a first contour is sinusoidally formed or formed in a first, in particular in the circumferential direction, central area of the outer side.
• a second, in particular circumferentially outer, region of the outer side adjoins the first region with a second contour, a course of the second contour being different from the electromagnetically optimized sinusoidal shape and designed to lengthen the inner side in the circumferential direction, thus increasing the size or extension of the winding surface is accompanied.
• the sinusoidal contour profile in the first region of the outer side Due to the sinusoidal contour profile in the first region of the outer side, the scattering losses of the magnetic flux generated by the windings of the coil arranged in the region of the winding surface and due to the outer surface of the pole shoe can be minimized compared to other contour shapes. It can also be achieved in the electrical machine with such pole pieces a uniform coupling of the magnetic flux to poles of a rotor surrounding the stator and thus fluctuations in the torque generated can be reduced.
• the sinusoidal contour has also proven to be favorable in terms of noise in the operation of such an electrical machine see.
• the invention enables the generation of a high magnetic flux, while at the same time minimizing leakage of this flux as it exits the pole piece.
• the pole piece is connectable or connected to a radially outer end of the pole web.
• the winding surface is preferably bounded by an outer side opposite, ie, an inner side facing the Polsteg.
• the pole shoe is preferably configured to support windings of a coil arranged in the region of the winding surface with respect to acceleration forces acting upon rotation of the rotor.
• the pole piece is in particular adapted to guide the magnetic flux generated by the coil in particular into or through the air gap between the pole piece and the stator of the electric machine.
• the pole piece and the pole web are preferably connected to one another in a material-locking manner, preferably in one piece.
• the pole piece tapers along the circumferential direction.
• the second contour profile is formed such that the pole piece tapers in the second area of the outer surface towards the end of the pole piece. It is thereby achieved that, on the one hand, the pole piece is formed or shaped in an electromagnetically optimized manner in the first region, on the other hand, an additional winding surface is provided on an inner side of the pole piece opposite the outside, so that a high number of Windings of the coil can be arranged in the region of the winding surface.
• a tapered pole piece allows a favorable aerodynamic shape of the pole piece, so that air friction losses during operation of the electric machine can be reduced with such a pole piece.
• an overall contour profile of the outer side of the pole piece, in particular at the transition from the first region to the second region, is formed essentially continuously differentiable.
• the first contour profile in the first region merges substantially tangentially into the second contour profile in the second region.
• the pole piece can be widened or lengthened in the second area along the circumferential direction without additional leakage loss of the magnetic flux guided by the pole piece occurring at the transition from the first contour profile to the second contour profile.
• air turbulences during operation of the electric machine with such a pole piece can be suppressed or at least reduced, so that a high efficiency of such an electric machine is made possible.
• the second region has a substantially rectilinear second contour profile.
• the straight-line second contour profile is tilted with respect to an axis of symmetry or symmetry plane of the pole web by a predetermined angle, preferably between 15 ° and 80 °, more preferably between 25 ° and 75 °, in particular between 50 ° and 70 °.
• a predetermined angle preferably between 15 ° and 80 °, more preferably between 25 ° and 75 °, in particular between 50 ° and 70 °.
• the second contour profile has at least one, in particular concave, curvature.
• the pole piece can be widened or extended in the second region along the circumferential direction essentially as far as a further, adjacent pole shoe or at least into a region in front of the further, adjacent pole shoe, without simultaneously having a predetermined minimum value for the radial thickness or thickness of the pole piece is stepped. This allows a sufficient mechanical stability of the pole piece, in particular with respect to acting on the pole piece acceleration forces, which are generated or act upon rotation of the rotor, ie during operation of the electric machine.
• the first region extends over at least 2/3, in particular 3/4, 4/5, 5/6 or 6/7, a width of the outside along the circumferential direction. It can thereby be achieved that a large part of the outer side of the pole piece is formed with the first, sinusoidal contour profile and therefore has an electromagnetically favorable shape, ie a shape which minimizes the leakage losses of the magnetic flux.
• the outer side at one end of the pole piece, which faces a further pole piece adjacent to the pole piece has a third area with a third contour profile, in particular with a convex curvature.
• the third contour curve connects tangentially to the second contour profile.
• a derivation of the second contour profile and the third contour profile at the transition of the two contour curves is substantially continuous.
• the outside is connected to the inside of the pole piece facing the pole web by the third contour profile.
• Figure 1 shows sections of rotors for an electrical machine with pole pieces according to the prior art in a cross section.
• Figure 2 shows a part of a pole piece in a first preferred embodiment of the invention in a cross section.
• Fig. 3 shows a part of a pole piece in a second preferred embodiment of the invention in a cross section.
• FIG 1 two examples of a rotor 1 with pole pieces 2, as they are known from the prior art, shown in a direction perpendicular to a rotational axis 3 of the rotor cross-section.
• the pole shoes 2 are connected to pole webs 4, which in turn are arranged on a rotor axis 5 of the rotor 1 along a circumferential direction 6 at regular intervals.
• the rotor 1 is bounded radially on the outside by a stator 7 shown schematically as a line.
• Each of the pole webs 4 and pole shoes 2 is in each case formed or shaped symmetrically with respect to an axis of symmetry 8 or in three dimensions with respect to a symmetry plane extending parallel to the drawn symmetry axis 8 and extending perpendicularly to the plane of the drawing.
• the winding surfaces 10 are radially inwardly through the rotor axis 5 and radially outward through the pole shoes 2, in particular through an inner side 1 opposite the outer side 1 of the pole pieces 2, limited.
• an expansion of the inner side 1 1 and thus the winding surface 10 is achieved in a region in front of a respective pole piece 2 adjacent, further pole piece.
• the gap between two adjacent Polschu- so that space for additional winding surface can be obtained.
• FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a pole piece 4 connected to a pole piece 2.
• the pole piece 2 has in this case on an outer side 9 in one first region 12 has a first contour profile and in a second region 13 has a second contour profile.
• a third contour profile is formed in such a way that the outer side 9 merges into an inner side 11 of the pole shoe 2 opposite the outer side 9.
• the first contour corresponds to a substantially sinusoidal contour.
• the second contour curve corresponds to a substantially linear contour.
• the first contour progression from the first region 12 in the second region 13 is continued essentially in a straight line until it connects the outside 9 to the inside 11 1 in the third region 14.
• the first contour curve merges tangentially into the second contour curve.
• the overall contour profile of the outer side 9 is continuously differentiable along a circumferential direction 6, in particular also at the transition point from the first to the second region or from the first contour profile to the second contour profile.
• FIG. 3 shows a further preferred embodiment of a pole piece 2 connected to a pile web 4.
• a first region 12 of an outer side 9 of the pole piece 2 preferably extends over substantially 4/5 of the outer surface 9.
• a first sinusoidal contour profile in the first region 12 merges into a second contour profile of a second region 13.
• the outer side 9 is connected via a third contour profile with an inner side 1 1 of the pole piece 2.
• the second contour profile in the second region 13 has a concave curvature, which opposes a convex curvature of the sinusoidal contour profile in the first region 12.
• the second contour profile or the concave curvature of the second contour profile is in particular designed such that an air gap between the pole piece 2 and a stator 7, in particular a pole of the stator 7, not shown, remains substantially constant in the second region 13.
• the second contour profile or the concave curvature of the second contour profile can also be designed such that the air gap in the circumferential direction 6 becomes smaller towards an end of the pole piece 2 facing an adjacent further pole piece (not shown) or the thickness of the air gap decreases.
• the inner side 1 1, as well as the outer side 9, of the pole shoe 2 in the circumferential direction 6 are extended with respect to the inside of a pole shoe designed as a sine pole and extend in particular into a region immediately in front of a further pole shoe adjacent to the pole shoe 2 (not shown).
• a winding surface 10 with respect to a winding surface of a pole piece designed as a sine pole can be extended by an additional winding surface 11 ' .
• additional winding surface 1 1 ' additional turns of a coil (not shown) can be arranged, which when flowing with electric current, an additional magnetic flux in produce the pole web 4 and the pole piece 2.
• the entire magnetic flux can escape through the outside 9 of the pole piece 2, in particular in the first area 12, without additional leakage losses due to disadvantageous shaping of the outside 9 of the pole piece 2.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=61683800

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (17)

• 2017
  • 2017-03-24 DE DE102017205021.7A patent/DE102017205021A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2018
  • 2018-03-15 WO PCT/EP2018/056527 patent/WO2018172178A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2018-03-15 EP EP18711553.0A patent/EP3602738A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2018-03-15 CN CN201880005348.6A patent/CN110114960B/zh active Active
• 2019
  • 2019-07-17 US US16/514,362 patent/US11374446B2/en active Active

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