EP3602736A1 - Dynamo-electric machine with reduced cogging torque - Google Patents

Dynamo-electric machine with reduced cogging torque

Info

Publication number
EP3602736A1
EP3602736A1 EP17832908.2A EP17832908A EP3602736A1 EP 3602736 A1 EP3602736 A1 EP 3602736A1 EP 17832908 A EP17832908 A EP 17832908A EP 3602736 A1 EP3602736 A1 EP 3602736A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coils
yoke
dynamoelectric machine
teeth
adjacent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17832908.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jörg KEGELER
André Spörer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Publication of EP3602736A1 publication Critical patent/EP3602736A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02K29/03—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/26—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors consisting of printed conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
    • H02K41/031—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2203/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the windings
    • H02K2203/03—Machines characterised by the wiring boards, i.e. printed circuit boards or similar structures for connecting the winding terminations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dynamoelectric machine.
  • the invention relates to both rotary dynamoelectric machines and linear motors.
  • synchronous motors or brushless DC machines in which a primary part comprises a grooved Elektrob- lech, in whose grooves a winding for generating an electric field is arranged.
  • a secondary part of the electric machine is equipped with permanent magnets whose magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field generated by the coils of the primary part and thus can generate a drive torque.
  • the winding of the primary part is designed as a so-called tooth coil winding.
  • the primary part pronounced teeth, which are bounded on both sides by the grooves.
  • the teeth are each equipped with a concentrated tooth coil winding, so that the winding concentrically surrounds the respective tooth.
  • the tooth coil winding makes it possible to produce machines with a very high power density since high so-called copper fill factors can be achieved with this winding technique.
  • the air gap which separates the permanent magnets of the secondary part from the laminated core of the primary part undergoes strong changes.
  • the magnetic resistance between the primary and secondary parts changed considerably.
  • This effect is used specifically for reluctance motors specifically for torque generation.
  • the described cogging torques are generally undesirable because they can lead to a fluctuating torque curve and thus impair the acoustic properties of the machine.
  • cogging moments usually result in increased losses in the iron, in the windings and in the magnets.
  • DE102012103677A1 discloses an electric machine having a stator and a rotor movable relative thereto.
  • the stator has slots for receiving electrical windings, wherein teeth of the stator are formed between adjacent slots.
  • a working wave of the magnetomotive force is different from a fundamental wave of the magnetic flux.
  • the stator has at least one recess which is arranged in the tooth region and is expanded in a substantially radial direction. The recess in the region of the tooth is responsible for significantly reducing unwanted harmonic components of the magnetomotive force.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a dynamoelectric machine with low Nutrastmomenten and high power density.
  • a dynamoelectric machine according to the invention comprises
  • a primary part having a plurality of teeth, grooves located between the teeth and a yoke made of a ferromagnetic material
  • a secondary part spaced apart from the primary part by an air gap and having a multiplicity of permanent magnets which adjoin one another with alternating polarity, a multiphase tooth coil winding arranged in the slots, adjacent tooth coils being connected in groups of the same electrical phase,
  • adjacent teeth of the groups with tooth coils of the same electrical phase via the yoke are magnetically conductively connected and - The yoke between adjacent tooth coils of different electrical phase is interrupted.
  • a magnetic connection between the magnetic circuits of the various electrical phases of the dynamoelectric machine is created via the yoke of the primary part.
  • a magnetic star point is created between the phases.
  • the invention is now based on the finding that the undesirable nutritive moments are considerably reduced if the magnetic reflux between the phases is prevented. Further, the invention is based on the finding that this interruption of the yoke and the associated interruption of the magnetic yoke is most effective when it takes place between the respective groups with a toothed coil-like electrical phase. As an interruption of the yoke between adjacent tooth coils of different electrical phase, each significant reduction of the magnetic conductance is referred to at this point in the yoke according to the invention.
  • this interruption can be caused not only by a complete recess of the primary iron, but also by a significant taper of the electrical sheet at this point. Also, a material with higher magnetic resistance can be provided between the adjacent tooth coils of different electrical phase compared to the material of the yoke.
  • DE102012103677A1 is also based on the core idea to achieve undesired Nutrastmomente by a targeted reduction of the magnetic conductance in the yoke at certain positions.
  • the said document proposes such a break in the tooth area of the primary part.
  • it is proposed to provide the interruption between the adjacent tooth coils of different phase, ie in each case between the groups of tooth coil of the same electrical phase.
  • adjacent tooth coils can be combined into groups with the same energization, but alternating winding sense.
  • the magnetic conductance in the yoke region is precisely reduced precisely between these groups.
  • the separation of the yoke according to the invention between two groups of coils of the same electrical phase also makes it possible to switch adjacent coils of the same electrical phase in parallel without generating disadvantageous compensation currents between the windings. Because the separation of the yoke ensures that the coils of the same electrical phase are always penetrated by the same magnetic flux. There can be no entry of any magnetic flux from a coil pair of another electrical phase.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is characterized in that each group has exactly two serially connected tooth coils whose winding sense is opposite and which are traversed by the same phase current.
  • these two series-connected tooth coils can be magnetically connected to each other by a U-shaped soft iron part.
  • the yoke has a plurality of yoke parts, each magnetically connect two teeth with two tooth coils connected in series.
  • the primary part of the electric machine thus comprises a plurality of U-shaped electrical sheet structures, whose legs each with Toothed coils are equipped.
  • the two tooth coils of the thus-shaped U-shaped core of the yoke are wound in opposite directions and connected in series.
  • the inventive interruption of the yoke raises the question of how the various elements of the yoke are mechanically connected to a common primary part.
  • a mechanical connection of the individual elements of the yoke is to be designed in such a way that the magnetic conductance between the groups of tooth coils of the same electrical phase is markedly reduced in order to suppress the magnetic flux between the different groups as far as possible.
  • this object can be achieved by a primary part, which is constructed as a printed circuit board.
  • this circuit board carries the yoke, the teeth connected to the yoke and the tooth coils.
  • the interruptions of the yoke according to the invention are filled in an embodiment of the primary part in the form of a printed circuit board by the composite material of the printed circuit board.
  • a composite material for the circuit board for example, FR-4 in question, reinforced with a glass fiber fabric epoxy resin, which is used as standard for printed circuit boards.
  • the circuit board provides the required mechanical stability for the primary part and suppresses, in contrast to a continuous soft iron plate, the magnetic flux between the adjacent groups of the same phase.
  • the printed circuit board is advantageously designed as a multilayer board and the toothed coils as solenoid coils, each of which has a plurality of flat coils lying vertically one above the other.
  • the flat coils are first applied to individual boards, wherein the individual boards are preferably stacked to form the multilayer board.
  • a flat coil is arranged on each individual board both on the upper side and on the lower side thereof.
  • two stacked individual boards form a stack of a total of four flat coils, wherein the stacked individual boards are preferably separated from one another by an insulating layer, for example a pre-preg layer.
  • the vertically stacked flat coils are expediently connected electrically in series. This can preferably be implemented with electrical through contacts, also called VIA. These thus electrically connected in series flat coils, which lie vertically one above the other, respectively form a solenoid coil.
  • each one of the described pancake coils is spirally wound in its respective plane.
  • a first flat coil which is located in the top layer of the multilayer board, runs in a spiral shape from inside to outside.
  • the second flat coil arranged below the first flat coil runs spirally from outside to inside.
  • a spiral run in this sense means any type of winding in which the individual windings of such a flat coil are formed by a single planar conductor track and enclose themselves in one plane.
  • the conductor track can be characterized by rounding, but also square.
  • two vertically adjacent flat coils of a solenoid coil are arranged laterally offset from one another such that in a cross section perpendicular to the surface of the multilayer board, the conductor track sections of a flat coil vertically in partial overlap with two conductor track sections of the other flat coil ange-. are orders.
  • the thermal conductivity within the primary part designed as a multilayer board is significantly improved, in particular in the lateral direction.
  • the heat generated inside a flat coil can be transferred very easily to a turn of a vertically and laterally adjacent flat coil, which is closer to the edge of the circuit board in the lateral direction.
  • the distance between two conductor track sections, which are located vertically in partial overlap can be realized significantly lower for process-technical reasons than the insulation distance between two windings, which are arranged in the same plane of the printed circuit board.
  • the distance between two turns of a plane between the interconnect sections involved can not be chosen arbitrarily small for procedural reasons.
  • the individual boards of the multilayer board can be electrically insulated from one another by a comparatively thin prepreg layer.
  • this prepreg layer can be reduced to the area of only 40 m in order to ensure sufficient electrical insulation, while the conductor track section between the individual windings can not be chosen to be less than 200 ⁇ m for reasons of process engineering. Accordingly, the heat transfer between interconnect sections of vertically adjacent flat coils, which are in partial vertical coverage, is significantly better than between two interconnect sections of different turns of the flat coil arranged in the same plane. This arrangement creates a kind of shingle structure, which significantly improves the lateral heat transfer within the multilayer board.
  • the outer conductor portions of adjacent tooth coils mesh comb-like, so that in the said cross section in each case an outer conductor portion of a tooth coil is arranged vertically with at least one outer conductor portion of the adjacent tooth coil tooth in partial overlap. In this way, the lateral heat transfer between the laterally juxtaposed solenoid coils can be improved.
  • a dynamoelectric machine can be designed both as a rotary electric machine and in the form of a linear motor.
  • the interruption of the yoke according to the invention is particularly advantageous since the vernier displacement which is effective in the case of rotary electric machines has only a limited effect here. This can be explained by the edge effects caused by the edge teeth of the linear motor.
  • Figure 1 An embodiment of a dynamoelectric machine in which the separation of the yoke according to the invention between two adjacent coils of different electrical phase is realized.
  • Figure 2 An embodiment of the invention as a printed circuit board motor
  • Figure 3 Another embodiment of the invention as a printed circuit board motor with improved cooling.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a dynamoelectric machine in the form of a linear motor.
  • the linear motor comprises a primary part 1 and a secondary part 2, which is spaced from the primary part 1 via an air gap 3.
  • the secondary part 2 comprises a plurality of permanent magnets 4, which are arranged with alternating polarity on a soft iron plate 5.
  • the primary part 1 comprises a yoke with a plurality of yoke parts 6, on each of which two legs 7 are formed, which together with the yoke parts 6 form a U-shaped, in particular one-piece, soft iron part.
  • the resulting U-shaped iron core is designed to reduce eddy currents from insulated electrical steel sheets.
  • the connected to each yoke part 6 legs 7 form teeth of the primary part, which are each equipped with tooth coils 8.
  • the primary part 1 is constructed in three phases.
  • Each U-shaped iron core carries two toothed coils 8, which are assigned to the same electrical phase. These two tooth coils 8, which equip the legs of the U-shaped core, are connected in series and have an opposite sense of winding.
  • the yoke is interrupted. This prevents that the magnetic flux of the phase U passes through the yoke in the magnetic circuit, which is associated with the tooth coils of the phase V.
  • the magnetic return which is realized according to the conventional versions of the prior art between the different phases is prevented in this way. Measurements and simulations have shown that the interruption of the yoke between the groups of the same electrical phase has a particularly strong influence on the force ripple. Compared to linear motors, in which the yoke magnetically connects the teeth of all the toothed coils and thus generates a magnetic star point, the force ripple is significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the invention as a printed circuit board motor.
  • the printed circuit board motor is designed as a linear motor. Shown is only a section of the primary part 1 of the engine in cross section. This shows a solenoid coil, which is integrated in a multilayer board.
  • the multilayer board is made up of three stacked individual boards. Each of these three boards has both on the top of the board and on the underside of the single board a spiral flat coil 1 1 - 16.
  • the top single board of the stack carries on its top a first flat coil 1 1, of the three turns in the cross section recognizable are arranged laterally side by side.
  • At the bottom of this single board, which forms the top level of the stack there is a second flat coil 12 whose winding sense corresponds to that of the first flat coil 1 1.
  • first level which is formed by the first individual board with the first flat coil 1 1 and the second flat coil 12
  • second single board on top of which a third flat coil 13 is applied and arranged on the underside of a fourth flat coil 14 is.
  • These flat coils 13, 14 correspond in their winding form the flat coils 1 1, 12 of the first single board.
  • a fifth flat coil 15 is arranged and on the underside of a sixth flat coil 16 is arranged.
  • the fifth and sixth flat coils 15, 16 correspond to the flat coils 1 1, 12, 13, 14 arranged above them.
  • insulating, not shown here prepreg layers are arranged between the various individual boards, by the respective lower flat coils of a single board 12, 14 of the underlying lying upper flat coils 13, 15 of each arranged below the individual board are electrically isolated.
  • the traces of the various pancake coils are typically copper and are located on a PCB substrate, such as FR4, which forms the respective single layer or single board.
  • a PCB substrate such as FR4
  • the resulting stack is laminated to provide a mechanical bond between the substrates.
  • the flat coils 1 1 - 16 still have to be electrically contacted with each other. This is usually done by electrical via, so-called VIAs, which are not shown in Figure 1.
  • the solenoid coil is axially penetrated by an iron core, which significantly increases the inductance of the solenoid coil and the power density achievable with the linear motor as compared to an air coil.
  • a leg 7 of the previously described in connection with Figure 1 U-shaped iron core Shown is a leg 7 of the previously described in connection with Figure 1 U-shaped iron core. Sectionally, a yoke 6 can be seen, which connects the leg 7 with another leg 7 magnetically conductive, the latter penetrates another realized on the Multilayerplati- ne solenoid coil whose winding sense is opposite to that shown in Figure 2 and that of the same phase current is flowed through.
  • the arrangement of a U-shaped iron core described in this way whose legs penetrate two laser coils of the same phase that are offset in a laterally direction, is repeated in the lateral direction in accordance with the phase and pole number of the primary part.
  • each flat coil 1 1 - 16 must be sufficiently far apart in the lateral direction to ensure electrical insulation between the individual turns.
  • this electrical insulation distance must be overcome even in the removal of heat that arises in the inner turns of each flat coil 1 1 - 16 and can be dissipated at the edge of the multilayer board towards the surface.
  • the cross section of each conductor track is to be chosen to be large To be able to conduct the highest possible current, a distance of the interconnects in the lateral direction of the order of a few hundred micrometers arises solely as a result of production.
  • this electrical isolation distance is an obstacle to the cooling of the multilayer board.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention as a printed circuit board motor with improved heat dissipation, wherein a cross section can be seen on a lateral section of a multilayer board.
  • the multilayer board forms a solenoid coil, which is formed by electrical interconnection of a total of six flat coils 1 1 - 16, which are arranged in vertically superimposed planes.
  • a first single layer carries on its upper side the first flat coil 1 1 and on the underside of the second flat coil 12.
  • Both flat coils 1 1, 12 were applied prior to the formation of the multilayer stack on a PCB substrate.
  • the fifth flat coil 15 was applied to the top of a third single-layer board and the sixth flat coil 16 on the underside of this single board.
  • each conductor track section 9 of the second flat coil 12 is arranged vertically in partial overlap with two conductor track sections 10 of the first flat coil 1 1.
  • the conductor track section of the third flat coil 13 which represents the middle turn, is arranged by two conductor track sections of the second flat coil 12, which are vertically considered above, in partial overlap.
  • the drawn arrows visualize how the heat transfer from the inner turns of each flat coil 1 1 - 16 to the outer edge region of each flat coil 1 1 - 16 is improved by the lateral offset of the flat coils immediately adjacent in the vertical direction.
  • FIG. 3 this is shown in FIG. 3 for the heat transport of the second and third flat coils 12, 13. Due to the section-overlapping area between two conductor track sections, which are In the vertical direction, only a much smaller distance must be bridged by electrically and thus also heat-insulating material such as the FR-4 often used for printed circuit boards. It can also be seen in FIG. 3 that the distance between the second flat coil 12 and the third flat coil 13 in the vertical direction is smaller than the distance between the first flat coil 11 and the second flat coil 12.
  • the distance between the fourth flat coil 14 is likewise the same and the fifth flat coil 15 is significantly smaller than the distance between the fifth flat coil 15 and the sixth flat coil 16. This is due to the underlying connection technology between the previously mentioned individual layers. If only a very thin prepreg material or alternatively a pure baked enamel layer is used to connect the individual boards, the insulating connecting layer between the individual boards connected to a stack can be chosen to be smaller than the thickness of the substrate on which the flat coils of each individual board are arranged. In this way, as far as the required electrical isolation distance permits, the heat conduction from the central inner portion of the solenoid coil to the outer portion of the solenoid coil can be further enhanced.

Abstract

The invention relates to a dynamo-electric machine. The aim of the invention is to reduce groove cogging torques and allow a high power density. This is achieved in that the machine comprises • a primary part (1) with a plurality of teeth (7), grooves located between the teeth (7), and a yoke made of a ferromagnetic material, • a secondary part (2) which is arranged at a distance from the primary part (1) via an air gap and which comprises a plurality of permanent magnets (4) lying adjacently to one another with alternating polarities, and • a multiphase single tooth winding (8) arranged in the grooves, wherein adjacent tooth windings (8) are connected so as to form groups with an identical electric phase, • adjacent teeth (7) of the groups are connected to single tooth windings (8) with an identical electric phase via the yoke in a magnetically conductive manner, and • the yoke is interrupted between adjacent single tooth windings (8) with different electric phases.

Description

Dynamoelektrische Maschine mit reduzierten Rastmomenten  Dynamoelectric machine with reduced cogging torque
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine dynamoelektrische Maschine. Die Erfindung betrifft sowohl rotative dynamoelektrische Maschinen als auch Linearmotoren. The present invention relates to a dynamoelectric machine. The invention relates to both rotary dynamoelectric machines and linear motors.
Elektrische Maschinen werden häufig als sog. Synchronmotoren oder bürstenlose Gleichstrommaschinen ausgebildet, bei denen ein Primärteil ein genutetes Elektrob- lech umfasst, in dessen Nuten eine Wicklung zur Erzeugung eines elektrischen Feldes angeordnet ist. Ein Sekundärteil der elektrischen Maschine ist mit Permanentmagneten bestückt, deren Magnetfeld mit dem von den Spulen des Primärteils erzeugten Magnetfeld in Wechselwirkung tritt und so ein Antriebsmoment erzeugen kann. Häufig wird die Wicklung des Primärteils als sog. Zahnspulenwicklung ausgeführt. Hierbei weist das Primärteil ausgeprägte Zähne aus, die beidseitig von den Nuten begrenzt werden. Die Zähne werden jeweils mit einer konzentrierten Zahnspulenwicklung bestückt, sodass die Wicklung den jeweiligen Zahn konzentrisch umgibt. Durch die Zahnspulenwicklung lassen sich Maschinen mit sehr hoher Leistungsdichte herstellen, da mit dieser Wicklungstechnik hohe sog. Kupferfüllfaktoren erzielt werden können. Electrical machines are often designed as so-called synchronous motors or brushless DC machines, in which a primary part comprises a grooved Elektrob- lech, in whose grooves a winding for generating an electric field is arranged. A secondary part of the electric machine is equipped with permanent magnets whose magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field generated by the coils of the primary part and thus can generate a drive torque. Often, the winding of the primary part is designed as a so-called tooth coil winding. Here, the primary part pronounced teeth, which are bounded on both sides by the grooves. The teeth are each equipped with a concentrated tooth coil winding, so that the winding concentrically surrounds the respective tooth. The tooth coil winding makes it possible to produce machines with a very high power density since high so-called copper fill factors can be achieved with this winding technique.
Durch die ausgeprägte Zahnstruktur ist der Luftspalt, der die Permanentmagnete des Sekundärteils von dem Blechpaket des Primärteils trennt, starken Veränderungen unterlegen. Durch die Änderung des Luftspaltes bei einem Wechsel von einem Zahn des Primärteils zu einer Nut des Primärteils verändert sich der magnetische Widerstand zwischen Primär- und Sekundärteil erheblich. Mit diesem veränderlichen magnetischen Widerstand variiert aber auch die Kraft zwischen Primär- und Sekundärteil. Dieser Effekt wird insbesondere bei Reluktanzmotoren gezielt zur Momentenerzeugung ausgenutzt. Hingegen sind bei Synchronmotoren die beschriebenen Nutrastmomente in der Regel unerwünscht, da sie zu einem schwankenden Drehmomentver- lauf führen und somit die akustischen Eigenschaften der Maschine verschlechtern können. Darüber hinaus haben Nutrastmomente in der Regel erhöhte Verluste im Eisen, in den Wicklungen und in den Magneten zur Folge. Aus der DE10335792A1 ist eine elektrische Maschine bekannt, bei der mehrere benachbarte Zahnspulen innerhalb eines Primärteils der elektrischen Maschine in Serie geschaltet sind und im Betrieb von demselben Strom durchflössen werden, wobei der Wicklungssinn und die Stromrichtung von Nut zu Nut wechseln. Um den Reluktanzrip- pel der Maschine zu reduzieren, wird ein Verhältnis zwischen der Nutteilung Tn und der Polteilung TP vorgeschlagen, welches in der Nähe von 1 liegt. Due to the pronounced tooth structure, the air gap which separates the permanent magnets of the secondary part from the laminated core of the primary part, undergoes strong changes. By changing the air gap in a change from a tooth of the primary part to a groove of the primary part, the magnetic resistance between the primary and secondary parts changed considerably. With this variable magnetic resistance but also varies the force between the primary and secondary parts. This effect is used specifically for reluctance motors specifically for torque generation. On the other hand, in synchronous motors, the described cogging torques are generally undesirable because they can lead to a fluctuating torque curve and thus impair the acoustic properties of the machine. In addition, cogging moments usually result in increased losses in the iron, in the windings and in the magnets. From DE10335792A1 an electric machine is known in which a plurality of adjacent tooth coils are connected in series within a primary part of the electric machine and are flowed through during operation of the same stream, the winding sense and the current direction change from groove to groove. In order to reduce the reluctance cross section of the machine, a ratio between the slot pitch T n and the pole pitch T P , which is close to 1, is proposed.
Die DE102012103677A1 offenbart eine elektrische Maschine mit einem Stator und einem relativ dazu beweglichen Rotor. Der Stator weist Nuten zur Aufnahme elektri- scher Wicklungen auf, wobei zwischen benachbarten Nuten Zähne des Stators ausgebildet sind. Im Betrieb der Maschine ist eine Arbeitswelle der magnetomotorischen Kraft verschieden von einer Grundwelle des Magnetflusses. Der Stator weist wenigstens eine Ausnehmung auf, die im Zahnbereich angeordnet ist und in im Wesentlichen radialer Richtung ausgedehnt ist. Die Ausnehmung im Bereich des Zahns wird dafür verantwortlich gemacht, dass unerwünschte harmonische Komponenten der magnetomotorischen Kraft signifikant reduziert werden. DE102012103677A1 discloses an electric machine having a stator and a rotor movable relative thereto. The stator has slots for receiving electrical windings, wherein teeth of the stator are formed between adjacent slots. In the operation of the machine, a working wave of the magnetomotive force is different from a fundamental wave of the magnetic flux. The stator has at least one recess which is arranged in the tooth region and is expanded in a substantially radial direction. The recess in the region of the tooth is responsible for significantly reducing unwanted harmonic components of the magnetomotive force.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine dynamoelektrische Maschine mit niedrigen Nutrastmomenten und hoher Leistungsdichte anzugeben. The invention has for its object to provide a dynamoelectric machine with low Nutrastmomenten and high power density.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine dynamoelektrische Maschine mit den Merkmalen nach Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind den abhängigen Patentansprüchen zu entnehmen. Eine erfindungsgemäße dynamoelektrische Maschine umfasst This object is achieved by a dynamoelectric machine with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims. A dynamoelectric machine according to the invention comprises
- einen Primärteil mit einer Vielzahl von Zähnen, zwischen den Zähnen befindliche Nuten und ein Joch aus einem ferromagnetischen Material,  a primary part having a plurality of teeth, grooves located between the teeth and a yoke made of a ferromagnetic material,
- ein vom Primärteil über einen Luftspalt beabstandetes Sekundärteil mit einer Vielzahl von mit wechselnder Polarität nebeneinander liegenden Permanentmagneten, - eine in den Nuten angeordnete mehrphasige Zahnspulenwicklung, wobei benachbarte Zahnspulen zu Gruppen gleicher elektrischer Phase verschaltet sind,  a secondary part spaced apart from the primary part by an air gap and having a multiplicity of permanent magnets which adjoin one another with alternating polarity, a multiphase tooth coil winding arranged in the slots, adjacent tooth coils being connected in groups of the same electrical phase,
- wobei benachbarte Zähne der Gruppen mit Zahnspulen gleicher elektrischer Phase über das Joch magnetisch leitend verbunden sind und - das Joch zwischen benachbarten Zahnspulen unterschiedlicher elektrischer Phase unterbrochen ist. - Wherein adjacent teeth of the groups with tooth coils of the same electrical phase via the yoke are magnetically conductively connected and - The yoke between adjacent tooth coils of different electrical phase is interrupted.
Üblicherweise wird über das Joch des Primärteils eine magnetische Verbindung zwi- sehen den Magnetkreisen der verschiedenen elektrischen Phasen der dynamoelektrischen Maschine geschaffen. Auf diese Art und Weise entsteht gemäß dem Stand der Technik ein magnetischer Sternpunkt zwischen den Phasen. Der Erfindung liegt nunmehr die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass die unerwünschten Nutrastmomente erheblich reduziert werden, wenn der magnetische Rückfluss zwischen den Phasen unterbun- den wird. Ferner liegt der Erfindung die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass diese Unterbrechung des Jochs und die damit verbundene Unterbrechung des magnetischen Rückschlusses am wirkungsvollsten ist, wenn sie zwischen den jeweiligen Gruppen mit zahnspulengleicher elektrischer Phase erfolgt. Als Unterbrechung des Jochs zwischen benachbarten Zahnspulen unterschiedlicher elektrischer Phase wird erfindungsgemäß jede signifikante Reduktion des magnetischen Leitwertes an dieser Stelle im Joch bezeichnet. So kann diese Unterbrechung nicht nur durch eine komplette Aussparung des Primärteileisens hervorgerufen werden, sondern auch durch eine deutliche Verjüngung des Elektrobleches an dieser Stelle. Auch kann zwischen den benachbarten Zahnspulen unterschiedlicher elektrischer Phase ein Material mit höherem magnetischem Widerstand vorgesehen werden im Vergleich zum Material des Jochs. Usually, a magnetic connection between the magnetic circuits of the various electrical phases of the dynamoelectric machine is created via the yoke of the primary part. In this way, according to the prior art, a magnetic star point is created between the phases. The invention is now based on the finding that the undesirable nutritive moments are considerably reduced if the magnetic reflux between the phases is prevented. Further, the invention is based on the finding that this interruption of the yoke and the associated interruption of the magnetic yoke is most effective when it takes place between the respective groups with a toothed coil-like electrical phase. As an interruption of the yoke between adjacent tooth coils of different electrical phase, each significant reduction of the magnetic conductance is referred to at this point in the yoke according to the invention. Thus, this interruption can be caused not only by a complete recess of the primary iron, but also by a significant taper of the electrical sheet at this point. Also, a material with higher magnetic resistance can be provided between the adjacent tooth coils of different electrical phase compared to the material of the yoke.
Zwar liegt auch der DE102012103677A1 der Kerngedanke zugrunde, unerwünschte Nutrastmomente durch eine gezielte Reduktion des magnetischen Leitwertes im Joch an bestimmten Positionen zu erzielen. Jedoch schlägt die besagte Schrift eine solche Unterbrechung im Zahnbereich des Primärteils vor. Erfindungsgemäß wird hingegen vorgeschlagen, die Unterbrechung zwischen den benachbarten Zahnspulen unterschiedlicher Phase vorzusehen, d. h. jeweils zwischen den Gruppen von Zahnspule gleicher elektrischer Phase. Insbesondere können im Unterschied zur DE102012103677A1 benachbarte Zahnspulen zu Gruppen mit gleicher Bestromung, jedoch sich abwechselndem Wicklungssinn zusammengefasst werden. Hierbei wird vorteilhafterweise der magnetische Leitwert im Jochbereich genau zwischen diesen Gruppen gezielt reduziert. Durch die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Unterbrechung des Jochs zwischen den Zähnen ergibt sich gegenüber der DE102012103677A1 auch eine deutlich verbesser- te Ausnutzung des Primärteileisens. Denn durch die in der zitierten Schrift vorgeschlagene Unterbrechung des magnetischen Kreises im Zahn des Primärteils wird der magnetische Leitwert an den Stellen geschwächt, an denen auch ein erheblicher Beitrag zur Nutzdrehmomenterzeugung erbracht werden kann. Die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Unterbrechung des Jochs zwischen den Zähnen hat keine Reduktion des Kupferfüllfaktors zur Folge. Die Bestückung der Zahnspulen kann genauso dicht erfolgen, wie es bei einem herkömmlichen Primärteil ohne unterbrochenen magnetischen Rückfluss der Fall wäre. Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die benachbarten Zahnspulen gleicher elektrischer Phase in Serie geschaltet sind und einen gegensätzlichen Wicklungssinn aufweisen. Die erfindungsgemäße Auftrennung des Jochs zwischen zwei Gruppen von Spulen gleicher elektrischer Phase erlaubt es jedoch auch, benachbarte Spulen gleicher elektrischer Phase parallel zu schalten oh- ne nachteilhafte Ausgleichsströme zwischen den Wicklungen zu erzeugen. Denn durch die Auftrennung des Jochs ist gewährleistet, dass die Spulen gleicher elektrischer Phase stets vom gleichen magnetischen Fluss durchsetzt werden. Es kann keinerlei Eintrag eines magnetischen Flusses von einem Spulenpaar einer anderen elektrischen Phase erfolgen. Although DE102012103677A1 is also based on the core idea to achieve undesired Nutrastmomente by a targeted reduction of the magnetic conductance in the yoke at certain positions. However, the said document proposes such a break in the tooth area of the primary part. According to the invention, however, it is proposed to provide the interruption between the adjacent tooth coils of different phase, ie in each case between the groups of tooth coil of the same electrical phase. In particular, in contrast to DE102012103677A1, adjacent tooth coils can be combined into groups with the same energization, but alternating winding sense. In this case, advantageously, the magnetic conductance in the yoke region is precisely reduced precisely between these groups. As a result of the interruption of the yoke between the teeth, which is proposed according to the invention, there is also a markedly improved utilization of the primary iron compared with DE102012103677A1. Because of the proposed in the cited document interruption of the magnetic circuit in the tooth of the primary part of the magnetic conductance is weakened at the points at which a significant contribution to the Nutzdrehmomenterzeugung can be provided. The inventively proposed interruption of the yoke between the teeth does not result in a reduction of the copper fill factor. The equipping of the dental coils can be made as dense as would be the case with a conventional primary part without interrupted magnetic reflux. An advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the adjacent tooth coils of the same electrical phase are connected in series and have an opposite sense of winding. The separation of the yoke according to the invention between two groups of coils of the same electrical phase, however, also makes it possible to switch adjacent coils of the same electrical phase in parallel without generating disadvantageous compensation currents between the windings. Because the separation of the yoke ensures that the coils of the same electrical phase are always penetrated by the same magnetic flux. There can be no entry of any magnetic flux from a coil pair of another electrical phase.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform kennzeichnet sich dadurch, dass eine Gruppe jeweils genau zwei in Serie geschaltete Zahnspulen aufweist, deren Wicklungssinn gegensätzlich ist und die vom selben Phasenstrom durchflössen werden. Diese beiden in Reihe geschalteten Zahnspulen können darüber hinaus durch ein U- förmiges Weicheisenteil magnetisch leitend miteinander verbunden werden. In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung geschieht dies dadurch, dass das Joch mehrere Jochteile aufweist, die jeweils zwei Zähne mit zwei in Serie geschalteten Zahnspulen miteinander magnetisch verbinden. Das Primärteil der elektrischen Maschine umfasst somit eine Vielzahl U-förmiger Elektroblechstrukturen, deren Schenkel jeweils mit Zahnspulen bestückt sind. Die beiden Zahnspulen des so gestalteten U-förmigen Kernes des Joches sind gegensinnig gewickelt und in Reihe geschaltet. A further advantageous embodiment is characterized in that each group has exactly two serially connected tooth coils whose winding sense is opposite and which are traversed by the same phase current. In addition, these two series-connected tooth coils can be magnetically connected to each other by a U-shaped soft iron part. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, this is achieved in that the yoke has a plurality of yoke parts, each magnetically connect two teeth with two tooth coils connected in series. The primary part of the electric machine thus comprises a plurality of U-shaped electrical sheet structures, whose legs each with Toothed coils are equipped. The two tooth coils of the thus-shaped U-shaped core of the yoke are wound in opposite directions and connected in series.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Unterbrechung des Jochs stellt sich die Frage, wie die verschiedenen Elemente des Jochs mechanisch zu einem gemeinsamen Primärteil verbunden werden. Eine mechanische Verbindung der einzelnen Elemente des Jochs ist zur Erzielung des erfindungsgemäßen Effektes so zu gestalten, dass der magnetische Leitwert zwischen den Gruppen von Zahnspulen gleicher elektrischer Phase deutlich reduziert ist, um den Magnetfluss zwischen den verschiedenen Gruppen wei- testgehend zu unterdrücken. The inventive interruption of the yoke raises the question of how the various elements of the yoke are mechanically connected to a common primary part. To achieve the effect according to the invention, a mechanical connection of the individual elements of the yoke is to be designed in such a way that the magnetic conductance between the groups of tooth coils of the same electrical phase is markedly reduced in order to suppress the magnetic flux between the different groups as far as possible.
In besonders vorteilhafter Weise lässt sich diese Aufgabe durch ein Primärteil lösen, das als Leiterplatte aufgebaut ist. In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung trägt diese Leiterplatte das Joch, die mit dem Joch verbundenen Zähne und die Zahnspu- len. Die erfindungsgemäßen Unterbrechungen des Jochs sind bei einer Ausgestaltung des Primärteils in Form einer Leiterplatte durch den Verbundwerkstoff der Leiterplatte ausgefüllt. Als Verbundwerkstoff für die Leiterplatte kommt beispielsweise FR-4 in Frage, ein mit einem Glasfasergewebe verstärktes Epoxidharz, das standardmäßig für Leiterplatten eingesetzt wird. Die Leiterplatte bewirkt die erforderliche mechanische Stabilität für das Primärteil und unterdrückt im Gegensatz zu einer durchgehenden Weicheisenplatte den magnetischen Fluss zwischen den benachbarten Gruppen gleicher Phase. In a particularly advantageous manner, this object can be achieved by a primary part, which is constructed as a printed circuit board. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, this circuit board carries the yoke, the teeth connected to the yoke and the tooth coils. The interruptions of the yoke according to the invention are filled in an embodiment of the primary part in the form of a printed circuit board by the composite material of the printed circuit board. As a composite material for the circuit board, for example, FR-4 in question, reinforced with a glass fiber fabric epoxy resin, which is used as standard for printed circuit boards. The circuit board provides the required mechanical stability for the primary part and suppresses, in contrast to a continuous soft iron plate, the magnetic flux between the adjacent groups of the same phase.
Hierbei sind vorteilhafterweise die Leiterplatte als Multilayer-Platine und die Zahnspu- len als Solenoidspulen ausgebildet, die jeweils mehrere vertikal übereinander liegende Flachspulen aufweisen. Die Flachspulen werden hierbei beispielsweise zunächst auf Einzelplatinen aufgebracht, wobei die Einzelplatinen vorzugsweise zur Bildung der Multilayer-Platine übereinandergestapelt werden. Vorzugsweise ist hierbei auf jeder Einzelplatine sowohl auf der Oberseite als auch auf deren Unterseite jeweils eine Flachspule angeordnet. Auf diese Art und Weise bilden zwei aufeinandergestapelte Einzelplatinen ein Stack von insgesamt 4 Flachspulen, wobei die aufeinandergesta- pelten Einzelplatinen vorzugsweise durch eine Isolierschicht, beispielsweise eine Pre- preg-Schicht, voneinander getrennt werden. Die vertikal übereinander liegenden Flachspulen werden hierbei zweckmäßigerweise elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet. Dies kann vorzugsweise mit elektrischen Durchkontak- tierungen, auch VIA genannt, umgesetzt werden. Diese somit elektrisch in Reihe geschalteten Flachspulen, die vertikal übereinander liegen, bilden entsprechend jeweils eine Solenoidspule aus. In this case, the printed circuit board is advantageously designed as a multilayer board and the toothed coils as solenoid coils, each of which has a plurality of flat coils lying vertically one above the other. For example, the flat coils are first applied to individual boards, wherein the individual boards are preferably stacked to form the multilayer board. Preferably, in each case a flat coil is arranged on each individual board both on the upper side and on the lower side thereof. In this way, two stacked individual boards form a stack of a total of four flat coils, wherein the stacked individual boards are preferably separated from one another by an insulating layer, for example a pre-preg layer. The vertically stacked flat coils are expediently connected electrically in series. This can preferably be implemented with electrical through contacts, also called VIA. These thus electrically connected in series flat coils, which lie vertically one above the other, respectively form a solenoid coil.
Vorzugsweise ist jede einzelne der beschriebenen Flachspulen spiralförmig in ihrer jeweiligen Ebene gewickelt. So verläuft beispielsweise eine erste Flachspule, die sich im Toplayer der Multilayer-Platine befindet, in der Ebene betrachtet spiralförmig von innen nach außen. Hingegen verläuft eine in vertikaler Richtung der Platine betrachtet unter der ersten Flachspule angeordnete zweite Flachspule spiralförmig von außen nach innen. Preferably, each one of the described pancake coils is spirally wound in its respective plane. For example, a first flat coil, which is located in the top layer of the multilayer board, runs in a spiral shape from inside to outside. On the other hand, when viewed in the vertical direction of the board, the second flat coil arranged below the first flat coil runs spirally from outside to inside.
Unter einem spiralförmigen Lauf in diesem Sinne ist jegliche Art Wicklung zu verste- hen, bei der die einzelnen Windungen einer solchen Flachspule durch eine einzige planare Leiterbahn gebildet werden und sich in einer Ebene umschließen. Die Leiterbahnführung kann hierbei durch Rundungen gekennzeichnet sein, aber auch eckig verlaufen. In weiterer besonders vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der vorbeschriebenen Ausführungsform sind jeweils zwei vertikal benachbarte Flachspulen einer Solenoidspule derart lateral versetzt zueinander angeordnet, dass in einem Querschnitt lotrecht zur Oberfläche der Multilayer-Platine die Leiterbahnabschnitte der einen Flachspule vertikal in teilweiser Überdeckung mit zwei Leiterbahnabschnitten der anderen Flachspule ange- ordnet sind. Durch diese Maßnahme wird der Wärmeleitwert innerhalb des als Multilayer-Platine ausgebildeten Primärteils insbesondere in lateraler Richtung deutlich verbessert. Die im Inneren einer Flachspule entstehende Wärme kann sehr leicht auf eine Windung einer vertikal und lateral benachbarten Flachspule übertragen werden, die in lateraler Richtung betrachtet dem Rand der Platine näher ist. Denn der Isolati- onsabstand zwischen zwei Leiterbahnabschnitten, die sich vertikal in teilweiser Überdeckung befinden, kann aus prozesstechnischen Gründen deutlich geringer realisiert werden als der Isolationsabstand zwischen zwei Windungen, die in derselben Ebene der Leiterplatine angeordnet sind. Der Abstand zwischen zwei Windungen einer Ebene zwischen den beteiligten Leiterbahnabschnitten kann aus prozesstechnischen Gründen nicht beliebig klein gewählt werden. Hingegen können die Einzelplatinen der Multilayer-Platine durch eine vergleichsweise dünne Prepreg-Schicht voneinander elektrisch isoliert werden. Diese Prepreg-Schicht kann beispielsweise auf den Bereich von nur 40 m reduziert werden, um eine ausreichende elektrische Isolation zu gewährleisten, während der Leiterbahnabschnitt zwischen den einzelnen Windungen aus prozesstechnischen Gründen nicht kleiner als 200 pm gewählt werden kann. Dementsprechend gelingt die Wärmeübertragung zwischen Leiterbahnabschnitten vertikal benachbarter Flachspu- len, die sich in teilweiser vertikaler Überdeckung befinden, deutlich besser als zwischen zwei in derselben Ebene angeordneten Leiterbahnabschnitten verschiedener Windungen der Flachspule. Durch diese Anordnung entsteht eine Art Schindelstruktur, die den lateralen Wärmetransport innerhalb der Multilayer-Platine erheblich verbessert. A spiral run in this sense means any type of winding in which the individual windings of such a flat coil are formed by a single planar conductor track and enclose themselves in one plane. The conductor track can be characterized by rounding, but also square. In a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the above-described embodiment, two vertically adjacent flat coils of a solenoid coil are arranged laterally offset from one another such that in a cross section perpendicular to the surface of the multilayer board, the conductor track sections of a flat coil vertically in partial overlap with two conductor track sections of the other flat coil ange-. are orders. As a result of this measure, the thermal conductivity within the primary part designed as a multilayer board is significantly improved, in particular in the lateral direction. The heat generated inside a flat coil can be transferred very easily to a turn of a vertically and laterally adjacent flat coil, which is closer to the edge of the circuit board in the lateral direction. For the insulation distance between two conductor track sections, which are located vertically in partial overlap, can be realized significantly lower for process-technical reasons than the insulation distance between two windings, which are arranged in the same plane of the printed circuit board. The distance between two turns of a plane between the interconnect sections involved can not be chosen arbitrarily small for procedural reasons. By contrast, the individual boards of the multilayer board can be electrically insulated from one another by a comparatively thin prepreg layer. By way of example, this prepreg layer can be reduced to the area of only 40 m in order to ensure sufficient electrical insulation, while the conductor track section between the individual windings can not be chosen to be less than 200 μm for reasons of process engineering. Accordingly, the heat transfer between interconnect sections of vertically adjacent flat coils, which are in partial vertical coverage, is significantly better than between two interconnect sections of different turns of the flat coil arranged in the same plane. This arrangement creates a kind of shingle structure, which significantly improves the lateral heat transfer within the multilayer board.
In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen werden, dass die äußeren Leiterbahnabschnitte benachbarter Zahnspulen kammartig ineinandergreifen, sodass in dem besagten Querschnitt jeweils ein äußerer Leiterbahnabschnitt der einen Zahnspule mit mindestens einem äußeren Leiterbahnabschnitt der benach- barten Zahnspule vertikal in teilweiser Überdeckung angeordnet ist. Auf diese Art und Weise kann der laterale Wärmetransport zwischen den lateral nebeneinander angeordneten Solenoidspulen verbessert werden. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that the outer conductor portions of adjacent tooth coils mesh comb-like, so that in the said cross section in each case an outer conductor portion of a tooth coil is arranged vertically with at least one outer conductor portion of the adjacent tooth coil tooth in partial overlap. In this way, the lateral heat transfer between the laterally juxtaposed solenoid coils can be improved.
Eine dynamoelektrische Maschine nach einer der vorher beschriebenen Ausführungs- formen kann sowohl als rotative elektrische Maschine ausgebildet werden als auch in Form eines Linearmotors. Bei Linearmotoren ist die erfindungsgemäße Unterbrechung des Jochs besonders vorteilhaft, da hier die bei rotativen elektrischen Maschinen wirksame Noniusverschiebung nur begrenzt Wirkung entfaltet. Dies ist durch die Randeffekte zu erklären, die durch die Randzähne des Linearmotors entstehen. A dynamoelectric machine according to one of the previously described embodiments can be designed both as a rotary electric machine and in the form of a linear motor. In the case of linear motors, the interruption of the yoke according to the invention is particularly advantageous since the vernier displacement which is effective in the case of rotary electric machines has only a limited effect here. This can be explained by the edge effects caused by the edge teeth of the linear motor.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher beschrieben. In the following the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the figures.
Es zeigen: Figur 1 : Eine Ausführungsform einer dynamoelektrischen Maschine, bei der die erfindungsgemäße Trennung des Jochs zwischen zwei benachbarten Spulen unterschiedlicher elektrischer Phase verwirklicht ist. Show it: Figure 1: An embodiment of a dynamoelectric machine in which the separation of the yoke according to the invention between two adjacent coils of different electrical phase is realized.
Figur 2: Eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung als Leiterplattenmotor Figure 2: An embodiment of the invention as a printed circuit board motor
Figur 3: Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung als Leiterplattenmotor mit verbesserter Entwärmung. Figure 3: Another embodiment of the invention as a printed circuit board motor with improved cooling.
Figur 1 zeigt eine erste Ausführungsform einer dynamoelektrischen Maschine in Form eines Linearmotors. Der Linearmotor umfasst eine Primärteil 1 und ein Sekundärteil 2, das über einen Luftspalt 3 vom Primärteil 1 beabstandet ist. Das Sekundärteil 2 umfasst eine Vielzahl von Permanentmagneten 4, die mit abwechselnder Polarität auf ei- ner Weicheisenplatte 5 angeordnet sind. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a dynamoelectric machine in the form of a linear motor. The linear motor comprises a primary part 1 and a secondary part 2, which is spaced from the primary part 1 via an air gap 3. The secondary part 2 comprises a plurality of permanent magnets 4, which are arranged with alternating polarity on a soft iron plate 5.
Das Primärteil 1 umfasst ein Joch mit mehreren Jochteilen 6, an denen jeweils zwei Schenkel 7 ausgebildet sind, die zusammen mit den Jochteilen 6 ein U-förmiges insbesondere einstückiges Weicheisenteil ausbilden. Der so entstandene U-förmige Ei- senkern ist zur Reduktion von Wirbelströmen aus voneinander isolierten Elektroble- chen aufgebaut. Die mit jedem Jochteil 6 verbundenen Schenkel 7 bilden Zähne des Primärteils aus, die jeweils mit Zahnspulen 8 bestückt sind. The primary part 1 comprises a yoke with a plurality of yoke parts 6, on each of which two legs 7 are formed, which together with the yoke parts 6 form a U-shaped, in particular one-piece, soft iron part. The resulting U-shaped iron core is designed to reduce eddy currents from insulated electrical steel sheets. The connected to each yoke part 6 legs 7 form teeth of the primary part, which are each equipped with tooth coils 8.
Das Primärteil 1 ist dreiphasig aufgebaut. Jeder U-förmige Eisenkern trägt zwei Zahn- spulen 8, die derselben elektrischen Phase zugeordnet sind. Diese beiden Zahnspulen 8, die die Schenkel des U-förmigen Kerns bestücken, sind in Reihe geschaltet und haben einen gegensätzlichen Wicklungssinn. Zwischen den einzelnen U-förmigen Eisenkernen der verschiedenen Phasen U, V, W ist das Joch unterbrochen. Hierdurch wird unterbunden, dass der magnetische Fluss der Phase U über das Joch in den magnetischen Kreis übertritt, der den Zahnspulen der Phase V zugeordnet ist. Der magnetische Rückschluss, der gemäß den gängigen Ausführungen des Standes der Technik zwischen den verschiedenen Phasen realisiert ist, wird auf diese Art und Weise unterbunden. Messungen und Simulationen haben gezeigt, dass die Unterbrechung des Jochs zwischen den Gruppen gleicher elektrischer Phase einen besonders starken Einfluss auf die Kraftwelligkeit hat. Im Vergleich zu Linearmotoren, bei denen das Joch die Zähne sämtlicher Zahnspulen magnetisch miteinander verbindet und somit einen magneti- sehen Sternpunkt generiert, wird die Kraftwelligkeit deutlich reduziert. The primary part 1 is constructed in three phases. Each U-shaped iron core carries two toothed coils 8, which are assigned to the same electrical phase. These two tooth coils 8, which equip the legs of the U-shaped core, are connected in series and have an opposite sense of winding. Between the individual U-shaped iron cores of different phases U, V, W, the yoke is interrupted. This prevents that the magnetic flux of the phase U passes through the yoke in the magnetic circuit, which is associated with the tooth coils of the phase V. The magnetic return, which is realized according to the conventional versions of the prior art between the different phases is prevented in this way. Measurements and simulations have shown that the interruption of the yoke between the groups of the same electrical phase has a particularly strong influence on the force ripple. Compared to linear motors, in which the yoke magnetically connects the teeth of all the toothed coils and thus generates a magnetic star point, the force ripple is significantly reduced.
Figur 2 zeigt eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung als Leiterplattenmotor. Der Leiterplattenmotor ist als Linearmotor ausgebildet. Dargestellt ist lediglich ein Ausschnitt des Primärteil 1 des Motors im Querschnitt. Dieser zeigt eine Solenoidspule, die in ei- ne Multilayer-Platine intergriert ist. Die Multilayer-Platine ist aufgebaut aus drei übereinander geschichteten Einzelplatinen. Jede dieser drei Platinen hat sowohl auf der Oberseite der Platine als auch auf der Unterseite der Einzelplatine eine spiralförmige Flachspule 1 1 - 16. So trägt die oberste Einzelplatine des Stacks auf ihrer Oberseite eine erste Flachspule 1 1 , von der in dem Querschnitt drei Windungen erkennbar sind, die lateral nebeneinander angeordnet sind. An der Unterseite dieser Einzelplatine, die die oberste Ebene des Stacks bildet, befindet sich eine zweite Flachspule 12, deren Wicklungssinn dem der ersten Flachspule 1 1 entspricht. Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the invention as a printed circuit board motor. The printed circuit board motor is designed as a linear motor. Shown is only a section of the primary part 1 of the engine in cross section. This shows a solenoid coil, which is integrated in a multilayer board. The multilayer board is made up of three stacked individual boards. Each of these three boards has both on the top of the board and on the underside of the single board a spiral flat coil 1 1 - 16. Thus, the top single board of the stack carries on its top a first flat coil 1 1, of the three turns in the cross section recognizable are arranged laterally side by side. At the bottom of this single board, which forms the top level of the stack, there is a second flat coil 12 whose winding sense corresponds to that of the first flat coil 1 1.
Unterhalb dieser ersten Ebene, die durch die erste Einzelplatine mit der ersten Flach- spule 1 1 und der zweiten Flachspule 12 gebildet wird, befindet sich eine zweite Einzelplatine, auf deren Oberseite eine dritte Flachspule 13 aufgebracht ist und an deren Unterseite eine vierte Flachspule 14 angeordnet ist. Auch diese Flachspulen 13, 14 entsprechen in ihrer Wicklungsform den Flachspulen 1 1 , 12 der ersten Einzelplatine. Schließlich befindet sich auf der untersten Ebene der Multilayer-Platine eine weitere Einzelplatine, auf deren Oberseite eine fünfte Flachspule 15 angeordnet ist und auf deren Unterseite eine sechste Flachspule 16 angeordnet ist. In der Gestalt der Wicklung entsprechen die fünfte und sechste Flachspule 15, 16 den darüber angeordneten Flachspulen 1 1 , 12, 13, 14. Während des Fertigungsprozesses werden zunächst die Einzelplatinen mit ihren zugehörigen Flachspulen 1 1 - 16 gefertigt. Anschließend werden zwischen die verschiedenen Einzelplatinen isolierende, hier nicht dargestellte Prepreg-Schichten angeordnet, durch die jeweils untere Flachspulen einer Einzelplatine 12, 14 von den darunter- liegenden oberen Flachspulen 13, 15 der jeweils darunter angeordneten Einzelplatine elektrisch isoliert werden. Below this first level, which is formed by the first individual board with the first flat coil 1 1 and the second flat coil 12, there is a second single board, on top of which a third flat coil 13 is applied and arranged on the underside of a fourth flat coil 14 is. These flat coils 13, 14 correspond in their winding form the flat coils 1 1, 12 of the first single board. Finally, located on the lowest level of the multilayer board another single board, on top of which a fifth flat coil 15 is arranged and on the underside of a sixth flat coil 16 is arranged. In the form of the winding, the fifth and sixth flat coils 15, 16 correspond to the flat coils 1 1, 12, 13, 14 arranged above them. During the manufacturing process, first the individual boards with their associated flat coils 1 1 - 16 are produced. Subsequently, insulating, not shown here prepreg layers are arranged between the various individual boards, by the respective lower flat coils of a single board 12, 14 of the underlying lying upper flat coils 13, 15 of each arranged below the individual board are electrically isolated.
Die Leiterbahnen der verschiedenen Flachspulen sind in der Regel aus Kupfer und befinden sich auf einem PCB-Substrat, wie beispielsweise FR4, welches die jeweiligen Einzellayer oder Einzelplatine bildet. Nachdem die verschiedenen Substrate jeweils getrennt durch ein oder zwei Blätter Prepreg-Material aufeinandergestapelt wurden, wird der so entstandene Gesamtstapel laminiert, um eine mechanische Verbindung zwischen den Substraten herzustellen. The traces of the various pancake coils are typically copper and are located on a PCB substrate, such as FR4, which forms the respective single layer or single board. After the various substrates have been stacked separately by one or two sheets of prepreg material, the resulting stack is laminated to provide a mechanical bond between the substrates.
Um eine Solenoidspule aus den verschiedenen Flachspulen 1 1 - 16 zu formen, müssen die Flachspulen 1 1 - 16 noch elektrisch miteinander kontaktiert werden. Dies geschieht in der Regel durch elektrische Durchkontaktierung, sogenannte VIAs, die in Figur 1 nicht dargestellt sind. In order to form a solenoid coil from the different flat coils 1 1 - 16, the flat coils 1 1 - 16 still have to be electrically contacted with each other. This is usually done by electrical via, so-called VIAs, which are not shown in Figure 1.
Die Solenoidspule wird axial durch einen Eisenkern durchdrungen, der die Induktivität der Solenoidspule und die mit dem Linearmotor erzielbare Kraftdichte im Vergleich zu einer Luftspule deutlich erhöht. Dargestellt ist ein Schenkel 7 des zuvor bereits im Zusammenhang mit Figur 1 beschriebenen U-förmigen Eisenkerns. Abschnittsweise ist auch ein Jochteil 6 zu erkennen, welches den Schenkel 7 mit einem weiteren Schenkel 7 magnetisch leitend verbindet, wobei letzterer eine weitere auf der Multilayerplati- ne realisierte Solenoidspule durchdringt, deren Wicklungssinn entgegengesetzt zu der in Figur 2 dargestellten ist und die vom selben Phasenstrom durchflössen wird. Die so beschriebene Anordnung aus einem U-förmigen Eisenkern, dessen Schenkel zwei la- teral versetzte Solenoidspulen gleicher Phase durchdringen, wiederholt sich in lateraler Richtung entsprechend der Phasen- und Polzahl des Primärteils. The solenoid coil is axially penetrated by an iron core, which significantly increases the inductance of the solenoid coil and the power density achievable with the linear motor as compared to an air coil. Shown is a leg 7 of the previously described in connection with Figure 1 U-shaped iron core. Sectionally, a yoke 6 can be seen, which connects the leg 7 with another leg 7 magnetically conductive, the latter penetrates another realized on the Multilayerplati- ne solenoid coil whose winding sense is opposite to that shown in Figure 2 and that of the same phase current is flowed through. The arrangement of a U-shaped iron core described in this way, whose legs penetrate two laser coils of the same phase that are offset in a laterally direction, is repeated in the lateral direction in accordance with the phase and pole number of the primary part.
Die Leiterbahnabschnitte der verschiedenen Windungen einer jeden Flachspule 1 1 - 16 müssen in lateraler Richtung genügend weit voneinander beabstandet sein, um die elektrische Isolation zwischen den einzelnen Windungen zu gewährleisten. Diese elektrische Isolationsstrecke muss jedoch auch bei der Abfuhr von Wärme überwunden werden, die in den inneren Windungen jeder Flachspule 1 1 - 16 entsteht und am Rand der Multilayer-Platine in Richtung Oberfläche abgeführt werden kann. Insbesondere dann, wenn der Querschnitt einer jeden Leiterbahn groß gewählt werden soll, um einen möglichst hohen Strom führen zu können, ergibt sich allein fertigungsbedingt ein Abstand der Leiterbahnen in lateraler Richtung in der Größenordnung von einigen Hundert Mikrometern. Somit ist ersichtlich, dass dieser elektrische Isolationsabstand ein Hemmnis für die Entwärmung der Multilayer-Platine darstellt. The conductor track sections of the various turns of each flat coil 1 1 - 16 must be sufficiently far apart in the lateral direction to ensure electrical insulation between the individual turns. However, this electrical insulation distance must be overcome even in the removal of heat that arises in the inner turns of each flat coil 1 1 - 16 and can be dissipated at the edge of the multilayer board towards the surface. In particular, if the cross section of each conductor track is to be chosen to be large To be able to conduct the highest possible current, a distance of the interconnects in the lateral direction of the order of a few hundred micrometers arises solely as a result of production. Thus, it can be seen that this electrical isolation distance is an obstacle to the cooling of the multilayer board.
Figur 3 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung als Leiterplattenmotor mit verbesserter Entwärmung, wobei ein Querschnitt einen lateralen Abschnitt einer Multilayer-Platine zu erkennen ist. Auch hier bildet die Multilayer-Platine eine Solenoid- spule, die durch elektrische Verschaltung von insgesamt sechs Flachspulen 1 1 - 16 gebildet wird, die in vertikal übereinanderliegenden Ebenen angeordnet sind. Auch hier trägt ein erster Einzellayer an seiner Oberseite die erste Flachspule 1 1 und an dessen Unterseite die zweite Flachspule 12. Beide Flachspulen 1 1 , 12 wurden vor der Bildung des Multilayer-Stacks auf ein PCB-Substrat aufgebracht. Gleiches gilt für die dritte Flachspule 13 und die vierte Flachspule 14, die ebenfalls auf ein PCB-Substrat vor der Fertigung des Gesamt-Stacks aufgebracht wurden. Ebenso wurde die fünfte Flachspule 15 auf die Oberseite einer dritten Einzellayer-Platine aufgebracht und die sechste Flachspule 16 auf die Unterseite dieser Einzelplatine. FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention as a printed circuit board motor with improved heat dissipation, wherein a cross section can be seen on a lateral section of a multilayer board. Again, the multilayer board forms a solenoid coil, which is formed by electrical interconnection of a total of six flat coils 1 1 - 16, which are arranged in vertically superimposed planes. Again, a first single layer carries on its upper side the first flat coil 1 1 and on the underside of the second flat coil 12. Both flat coils 1 1, 12 were applied prior to the formation of the multilayer stack on a PCB substrate. The same applies to the third flat coil 13 and the fourth flat coil 14, which were likewise applied to a PCB substrate prior to the production of the overall stack. Likewise, the fifth flat coil 15 was applied to the top of a third single-layer board and the sixth flat coil 16 on the underside of this single board.
Im Unterschied zu dem in Figur 2 dargestellten Stand der Technik sind jedoch hier je- weils zwei in vertikaler Richtung unmittelbar benachbarte Flachspulen 1 1 - 16 in lateraler Richtung zueinander versetzt angeordnet. Auf diese Art und Weise ist gewährleistet, dass beispielsweise jeder Leiterbahnabschnitt 9 der zweiten Flachspule 12 vertikal in teilweiser Überdeckung mit zwei Leiterbahnabschnitten 10 der ersten Flachspule 1 1 angeordnet ist. Ebenso ist beispielsweise der Leiterbahnabschnitt der dritten Flachspule 13, der die mittlere Windung darstellt, von zwei vertikal betrachtet darüber- liegenden Leiterbahnabschnitten der zweiten Flachspule 12 in teilweiser Überdeckung angeordnet. In contrast to the prior art illustrated in FIG. 2, however, two flat coils 1 1 - 16, which are immediately adjacent in the vertical direction, are arranged offset from each other in the lateral direction. In this way it is ensured that, for example, each conductor track section 9 of the second flat coil 12 is arranged vertically in partial overlap with two conductor track sections 10 of the first flat coil 1 1. Likewise, for example, the conductor track section of the third flat coil 13, which represents the middle turn, is arranged by two conductor track sections of the second flat coil 12, which are vertically considered above, in partial overlap.
Die eingezeichneten Pfeile visualisieren, wie durch den lateralen Versatz der in verti- kaier Richtung unmittelbar benachbarten Flachspulen der Wärmetransport von den inneren Windungen einer jeden Flachspule 1 1 - 16 zum äußeren Randbereich einer jeden Flachspule 1 1 - 16 verbessert wird. Beispielhaft ist das in der Figur 3 für den Wärmetransport der zweiten und dritten Flachspule 12, 13 dargestellt. Durch den abschnittsweisen Überdeckungsbereich zwischen zwei Leiterbahnabschnitten, die in ver- tikaler Richtung benachbart sind, muss nur noch ein deutlich geringerer Abstand durch elektrisch- und somit auch wärmeisolierendes Material wie das häufig für Leiterplatten verwendete FR-4 überbrückt werden. In Figur 3 ist auch zu erkennen, dass der Abstand zwischen der zweiten Flachspule 12 und der dritten Flachspule 13 in vertikaler Richtung geringer ist als der Abstand zwischen der ersten Flachspule 1 1 und der zweiten Flachspule 12. Ebenso ist der Abstand zwischen der vierten Flachspule 14 und der fünften Flachspule 15 deutlich geringer als der Abstand zwischen der fünften Flachspule 15 und der sechsten Flach- spule 16. Dies ist auf die zugrundeliegende Verbindungstechnologie zwischen den zuvor bereits erwähnten Einzellayern zurückzuführen. Verwendet man zur Verbindung der Einzelplatinen nur ein sehr dünnes Prepreg-Material oder alternativ eine reine Backlackschicht, kann die isolierende Verbindungsschicht zwischen den zu einem Stack verbundenen Einzelplatinen geringer gewählt werden als die Dicke des Substra- tes, auf dem die Flachspulen jeder Einzelplatine angeordnet sind. Auf diese Art und Weise kann, sofern es der geforderte elektrische Isolationsabstand erlaubt, die Wärmeleitung vom zentralen inneren Bereich der Solenoidspule zum äußeren Bereich der Solenoidspule noch weiter verbessert werden. The drawn arrows visualize how the heat transfer from the inner turns of each flat coil 1 1 - 16 to the outer edge region of each flat coil 1 1 - 16 is improved by the lateral offset of the flat coils immediately adjacent in the vertical direction. By way of example, this is shown in FIG. 3 for the heat transport of the second and third flat coils 12, 13. Due to the section-overlapping area between two conductor track sections, which are In the vertical direction, only a much smaller distance must be bridged by electrically and thus also heat-insulating material such as the FR-4 often used for printed circuit boards. It can also be seen in FIG. 3 that the distance between the second flat coil 12 and the third flat coil 13 in the vertical direction is smaller than the distance between the first flat coil 11 and the second flat coil 12. The distance between the fourth flat coil 14 is likewise the same and the fifth flat coil 15 is significantly smaller than the distance between the fifth flat coil 15 and the sixth flat coil 16. This is due to the underlying connection technology between the previously mentioned individual layers. If only a very thin prepreg material or alternatively a pure baked enamel layer is used to connect the individual boards, the insulating connecting layer between the individual boards connected to a stack can be chosen to be smaller than the thickness of the substrate on which the flat coils of each individual board are arranged. In this way, as far as the required electrical isolation distance permits, the heat conduction from the central inner portion of the solenoid coil to the outer portion of the solenoid coil can be further enhanced.
Bezugszeichenliste Primärteil Reference numeral list primary part
Sekundärteil  secondary part
Luftspalt  air gap
Permanentmagnet  permanent magnet
Weicheisenplatte  Soft iron plate
Jochteil  yoke
Schenkel  leg
Zahnspule tooth coil
, 10 Leiterbahnabschnitte, 10 trace sections
1 -16 Flachspulen 1 -16 flat coils

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
. Dynamoelektrische Maschine mit , Dynamoelectric machine with
• einem Primärteil (1 ) mit einer Vielzahl von Zähnen (7), zwischen den Zähnen (7) befindlichen Nuten und einem Joch aus einem ferromagnetischen Material, A primary part (1) having a multiplicity of teeth (7), grooves located between the teeth (7) and a yoke made of a ferromagnetic material,
• einem vom Primärteil (1 ) über einen Luftspalt beabstandeten Sekundärteil (2) mit einer Vielzahl von mit wechselnder Polarität nebeneinanderliegenden Permanentmagneten (4), A secondary part (2) spaced from the primary part (1) by an air gap and having a multiplicity of alternating permanent magnets (4) of alternating polarity,
• einer in den Nuten angeordnete mehrphasige Zahnspulenwicklung (8), wobei benachbarte Zahnspulen (8) zu Gruppen gleicher elektrischer Phase verschaltet sind,  A multiphase tooth coil winding (8) arranged in the slots, adjacent tooth coils (8) being connected in groups of the same electrical phase,
• wobei benachbarte Zähne (7) der Gruppen mit Zahnspulen (8) gleicher elektrischer Phase über das Joch magnetisch leitend verbunden sind und  • wherein adjacent teeth (7) of the groups with tooth coils (8) of the same electrical phase are magnetically connected via the yoke, and
• das Joch zwischen benachbarten Zahnspulen (8) unterschiedlicher elektrischer Phase unterbrochen ist.  • the yoke between adjacent tooth coils (8) of different electrical phase is interrupted.
2. Dynamoelektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 1 , wobei die benachbarten Zahnspu- len (8) gleicher elektrischer Phase in Serie geschaltet sind und einen gegensätzlichen2. Dynamoelectric machine according to claim 1, wherein the adjacent Zahnspu- len (8) of the same electrical phase are connected in series and an opposite
Wicklungssinn aufweisen. Have winding sense.
3. Dynamoelektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 2, wobei eine Gruppe jeweils genau zwei in Serie geschaltete Zahnspulen (8) aufweist, deren Wicklungssinn gegensätzlich ist und die vom selben Phasenstrom durchflössen werden. 3. Dynamoelectric machine according to claim 2, wherein a group each having exactly two serially connected tooth coils (8) whose winding sense is opposite and are traversed by the same phase current.
4. Dynamoelektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 3, wobei das Joch mehrere Jochteile (6) aufweist, die jeweils zwei Zähne (7) mit zwei in Serie geschalteten Zahnspulen (8) miteinander magnetisch leitend verbinden. 4. Dynamoelectric machine according to claim 3, wherein the yoke a plurality of yoke parts (6), the two teeth (7) with two serially connected tooth coils (8) connect to each other magnetically conductive.
5. Dynamoelektrische Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Primärteil als Leiterplatte aufgebaut ist, die die Zahnspulen (8), die Zähne (7) und das Joch trägt, wobei die Unterbrechungen des Joches zwischen den Gruppen unter- schiedl icher elektrischer Phase durch einen Verbundwerkstoff der Leiterplatte, insbesondere FR-4, ausgefüllt sind. 5. Dynamoelectric machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the primary part is constructed as a printed circuit board carrying the toothed coils (8), the teeth (7) and the yoke, wherein the interruptions of the yoke between the groups under- schiedl Ier electrical phase through a composite material of the circuit board, in particular FR-4, are filled.
6. Dynamoelektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 5, wobei die Leiterplatte als Multilay- erplatine ausgebildet ist und die Zahnspulen (8) als Solenoidspulen ausgebildet sind, die jeweils mehrere vertikal übereinanderliegende Flachspulen (1 1 -16) aufweisen. 6. Dynamoelectric machine according to claim 5, wherein the circuit board is designed as a multilayer erplatine and the toothed coils (8) are designed as solenoid coils, each having a plurality of vertically superimposed flat coils (1 1 -16).
7. Dynamoelektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 6, wobei jeweils zwei vertikal benachbarte Flachspulen (1 1 -16) derart lateral versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind, dass in einem Querschnitt lotrecht zur Oberfläche der Multilayerplatine Leiterbahnabschnitte (9, 10) der einen Flachspule (1 1 -16) vertikal in teilweiser Überdeckung mit zwei Leiterbahnabschnitten (9, 10) der anderen Flachspule (1 1 -16) angeordnet sind. 7. Dynamoelectric machine according to claim 6, wherein in each case two vertically adjacent flat coils (1 1 -16) are arranged laterally offset from one another such that in a cross section perpendicular to the surface of the multilayer printed circuit trace sections (9, 10) of a flat coil (1 1 -16 ) are arranged vertically in partial overlap with two conductor track sections (9, 10) of the other flat coil (1 1 -16).
8. Dynamoelektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 7, wobei äußere Leiterbahnabschnitte (1 1 -16) benachbarter Zahnspulen (8) kammartig ineinandergreifen, so dass in dem besagten Querschnitt jeweils ein äußerer Leiterbahnabschnitt (9, 10) der einen Zahnspule (8) mit mindestens einem äußeren Leiterbahnabschnitt (9, 10) der benachbarten Zahnspule (8) vertikal in teilweiser Überdeckung angeordnet ist. 8. Dynamoelectric machine according to claim 7, wherein outer conductor sections (1 1 -16) adjacent tooth coils (8) engage in a comb, so that in the said cross section in each case an outer conductor track portion (9, 10) of a toothed coil (8) with at least one outer Track section (9, 10) of the adjacent tooth coil (8) is arranged vertically in partial overlap.
9. Dynamoelektrische Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die dynamoelektrische Maschine als Linearmotor ausgebildet ist. 9. Dynamoelectric machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the dynamoelectric machine is designed as a linear motor.
EP17832908.2A 2017-03-21 2017-12-20 Dynamo-electric machine with reduced cogging torque Withdrawn EP3602736A1 (en)

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