Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A46—BRUSHWARE
  • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
  • A46D3/00—Preparing, i.e. Manufacturing brush bodies
  • A46D3/005—Preparing, i.e. Manufacturing brush bodies by moulding or casting a body around bristles or tufts of bristles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A46—BRUSHWARE
  • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
  • A46D3/00—Preparing, i.e. Manufacturing brush bodies
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A46—BRUSHWARE
  • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
  • A46D3/00—Preparing, i.e. Manufacturing brush bodies
  • A46D3/04—Machines for inserting or fixing bristles in bodies
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A46—BRUSHWARE
  • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
  • A46D3/00—Preparing, i.e. Manufacturing brush bodies
  • A46D3/04—Machines for inserting or fixing bristles in bodies
  • A46D3/045—Machines for inserting or fixing bristles in bodies for fixing bristles by fusing or gluing to a body
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A46—BRUSHWARE
  • A46B—BRUSHES
  • A46B2200/00—Brushes characterized by their functions, uses or applications
  • A46B2200/10—For human or animal care
  • A46B2200/1066—Toothbrush for cleaning the teeth or dentures

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method and a device as well as an injection mold half for producing a brush, which has a bristle carrier made of thermoplastic material with at least one anchoring opening into which at least one bristle is inserted and anchored therein.
• thermoplastic material of the bristles melts with it, whereby the bristles materially merge into each other and a thickening results, by means of which pulling out of the individual bristles forward impossible.
• the numerous bristle tufts are liquefied on the back by means of hot air or a hot stamp, so that the material of the individual bristle tufts merges into one another and at the back results in a kind of layer of liquefied bristle ends. Subsequently, this back is covered, in particular overmolded.
• the term "bristle carrier” is understood to mean that part of the finished brush which carries the bristle or the tufts of bristles
• the bristle carrier can be the entire brush body, ie the integrally molded part of stem, neck and head, or even just a toothbrush
• the bristle carrier is usually a thin thermoplastic plate provided with one or more openings for filling with one or more bristles or tufts of bristles, and after filling and securing the bristles becomes the platelike bristle carrier then either inserted into a prefabricated brush body having, for example, a corresponding recess for the plate-like bristle carrier
• the plate-like bristle carrier is encapsulated and thus results in a brush body prefabricated bristle carrier and molded remainder.
• CH 672 579 A5 proposes a method for fixing bristle tufts in a bristle carrier by means of an anchor plate.
• the opening on the front or front of the bristle carrier is closed optimally, so that no bacteria and spores can settle here and multiply, a bead on the bristle carrier, which rotates about the anchoring opening and projects from the front side, to be pressed inwards.
• the bristle tuft itself is not secured by this reshaping of the bead, but by the anchor itself.
• the individual bristle tufts are successively hammered into the bristle carrier via a tamping tool which pushes the folded bristle tuft through a tube.
• the tube itself then has on its front side a heater that rests exclusively on the bead and this brings to melting or plasticized and then pushes radially inward.
• the bristle carrier has openings into which cylindrical projections of a heater are inserted before the tufts of bristles are tapped, without touching the edge of the opening. Due to this radiant heat, the inside edge of the openings is heated locally.
• the bristle carrier is brought in the region of the edge to a joint-changing temperature, for example, the softening temperature. Due to the increase in temperature, the hole should be reduced in its cross-section, so that the bristle tufts must penetrate into the wall upon impact.
• the bristle tufts are then pushed with the thickened end into the openings, wherein the thickening in cross-section is greater than the opening cross-section, so that the thickening in the soft region of the opening defining and surrounding edge, ie in the corresponding wall penetrates.
• the front of the bristle carrier is deformed with a stamp, so that the material of the bristle carrier is pressed against the bristle tufts and anchor them.
• US 5,224,763 a similar method is known in which the bristle carrier has a bead-like protruding opening edge. Again, the edge of the opening is heated by a pin-shaped heating element projects into the opening or worked with hot air.
• the opening itself is smaller in cross-section than the thickened end of the bristle tufts, so that it is fixed therein after being pushed into the wall of the soft opening.
• the bristle tuft holder then compresses the heated circumferential bead so that additional material is available to close the opening at the transition to the face of the bristle carrier.
• a method is known in which the thickened end of the bristle tufts and / or the edge of the opening in the bristle carrier are heated, wherein the dimensions and the temperatures are chosen so that after the abutment of the thickened end of the edge the opening inward urges and so, similar to a snap connection, the thickened end includes and receives it form-fitting.
• EP 0 472 557 B1 proposes penetrating with a heated stamp having pins into a plastic plate-shaped bristle carrier so that the pins form the openings for receiving the bristle tufts.
• the bristle tufts are then pressed into the embossed, still hot openings and the melt rises around the thickening of the bristle tufts around.
• a mold plate may also be pressed against the top of the bristle carrier to still form the melt.
• projections or beads protrude on the upper side of the not yet formed bristle carrier, which form material which is available as material which is pressed in the direction of the opening.
• a bristle carrier which is designed plate-shaped and without openings, welded to bristle tufts, which consist of the same plastic as the bristle carrier.
• a heating tool is moved between the not yet welded together sides of the bristle carrier and the tufts of bristles, so that both are melted. Subsequently, the bristle tufts are pressed into the molten material of the bristle carrier.
• the object of the invention is to provide a significantly simpler method for producing a brush, which also requires less effort especially on the device side, but at the same time ensures a secure anchoring of the bristle or bristle tufts in the anchoring opening.
• a method for producing a brush which has a bristle carrier made of thermoplastic material with a front and a back and at least one anchoring opening, in which at least one bristle made of thermoplastic material is used and anchorless anchored therein, so that they from the Front of the bristle carrier protrudes, wherein the at least one anchoring opening on the front one having the anchoring opening surrounding the front edge, characterized by the following steps:
• a bristle carrier which has, in the region of the frontal edge, at least one extension facing away from the front side for creating an accumulation of material, wherein the at least one extension is produced during injection molding of the bristle carrier and is associated with at least one anchoring opening,
• the at least one bristle is pushed with its thickened attachment end, while it still sits in the receiving opening, in the anchoring opening formed in the bristle carrier during the production of the bristle carrier,
• the front side of the bristle carrier is brought to a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the bristle material and / or the bristle carrier material, in particular not more than 85% in ° C of the respective melting temperature of the bristle and / or bristle carrier material,
• the tool part exerts a compressive force on the bristle carrier and deforms the bristle carrier at least in the area surrounding the anchoring opening end edge together with the at least one extension while reducing the cross section of the anchoring opening such that the at least one bristle is embedded and anchored in the anchoring opening, while a material of the bristle carrier in the region of the edge on the at least one extension moves laterally during deformation into the anchoring opening and presses against the at least one bristle,
• the anchoring opening after the step f) is a depth measured from the front to the beginning of the thickened Fastening
• the at least one extension associated with the anchoring opening prior to deformation in step f) has a volume which is in the range of 60% to 1 10% of the theoretical volume resulting from the product of the depth and an annular surface between the inside the anchoring opening before deformation in step f) and the outside of the singular bristle or the envelope of the bristle tuft results.
• a bristle tuft can be inserted into the anchoring opening.
• the material of the bristle carrier in the region of the edge on the one extension or on the several extensions is then moved during deformation laterally into the anchoring opening in order to engage behind the bristle or the bristle tufts and to secure them against being pulled out.
• the invention is based on the idea that the material which closes the anchoring opening to the front and secures the bristle or bristle tuft from being pulled out is provided essentially by the extension. This means that the thickness of the bristle carrier is reduced by the deformation less than the provision of no or only a small-volume extension. Especially with thin bristle carriers with a small distance from the back to the front, this results in advantages.
• the material for closing the anchoring opening is formed predominantly by the extension, the contact forces during deformation of the bristle carrier can be kept lower than without extension.
• the heating of the bristle carrier may take place before or during the reduction of the distance of the tool part to the bristle carrier or after the first contact of the tool with the bristle carrier.
• steps d) and e) is not necessarily sequential.
• extensions can generally extend around an anchoring opening and complement each other and be associated with only this anchoring opening.
• annularly closed around the associated anchoring aperture to provide as much volume as possible. It may be advantageous that the annular closed circumferential extension over its longitudinal extent has different cross-sectional areas. This helps to optimally bridge different distances between the inside of the anchoring opening to the bristle tufts or the singular bristle.
• At least one anchoring opening (viewed from the front side) is elongated, it has two longer, opposite and two shorter, opposite side sections. All these side sections complement each other to the anchoring opening.
• the annularly closed circumferential projection has a larger cross-sectional area in the area of the longer side sections than in the area of the shorter side sections. Thus, in the area of the longer side sections, more material is available which is pressed inwards. Especially in the area of the longer side sections there is a greater risk that the bristle or bristle tufts can be pulled out.
• the different cross-sectional areas are advantageous when a cross-sectionally elongated bristle tuft is pushed into the elongated anchoring opening, wherein the bristles of the bristle tufts have been fused together to form the thickened attachment end.
• the side opposite the bristles protruding bead of the attachment end is wider in the region of long sides of the elongated bristle tufts than in the region of shorter transverse sides. This wider bead is covered and held by the additional material during forming.
• the inside of the elongated anchoring opening has e.g. before deformation, a different distance to the laterally protruding bead of the attachment end, wherein during deformation in step f) material is pressed up to the outer bristles.
• At least one extension can be assigned to two adjacent anchoring openings.
• Material of this extension is pressed in step f) in both anchoring openings, wherein the two adjacent anchoring openings individually or jointly associated extensions prior to deformation in step f) have an anchoring openings associated volume which is in the range of 60% to 1 10% of the theoretical Volume lies, resulting from the product of the depth and the ring surfaces between the inner sides of the anchoring openings before deformation in step f) and the outside of the singular bristles or the envelope of the bristle tufts.
• the problem may arise that not enough material is available to close the anchoring openings, because the connecting web is very thin.
• the invention provides a common extension in the region of the connecting web, the material is pressed into both anchoring openings.
• Both adjacent anchoring openings can each be surrounded by an annularly closed circumferential extension. Between the anchoring openings, the extensions merge into each other.
• the cross-section of the portion of the extensions, in which the extensions merge into one another, should be larger than the remaining sections of the extensions.
• the bristle or bristle tufts can also be used obliquely to the front in the anchoring opening and anchor it in the process of the invention.
• the closed circumferential projection on the bristle or bristle tufts near side has a smaller cross-sectional area than on the opposite side. This makes it possible on this page due to the inclination of the bristle / bristle tufts lower, to be filled with material volume by providing less volume of the extension. Thus, there is no risk of having too much material which would then lead to the creation of a ridge protruding from the front adjacent the outer bristles or the outside of the singular bristle.
• the material, which is then pressed laterally into the anchoring opening in the region of the mouth, must be not only the material of the extension or the extensions themselves, but also that material can be laterally pressed into the anchoring opening, which before forming the extension below of the extension lies.
• step b) at right angles to the preferably flat or convex or concave curved front is inserted into the anchoring opening and in step f) then pressed by the laterally in the anchoring material inwardly inclined material to the front and then anchored in this oblique orientation or is pressed perpendicular to the front, because without the additional material, the bristle or the outside Bristles of a bristle tufts would tip outwards.
• the anchoring opening is defined in the interior of the bristle carrier by a peripheral edge, which can also be referred to as the inside of a wall defining the anchoring opening. Since the bristle carrier is an injection molded part and the anchoring opening or anchoring openings are produced during spraying, the draft angles necessary for injection molding must be maintained when working without a slider.
• the edge of the anchoring opening in its interior, i. the inside of the wall defining the anchoring, is therefore due to the Entform bevel slightly conical to the interior without the use of sliders, so that the wall extends only substantially perpendicular to the front.
• the anchoring opening can have an elongated shape in the direction perpendicular to the front side.
• a tuft of bristles in which the bristle ends are fused together by heat it has been found that the resulting bead in the longitudinal direction is greater than in the transverse direction. If such an elongated tuft of bristles is then inserted into an elongate anchoring opening, then the edge of the anchoring opening in the area of the longitudinal side must be pressed further inwards than in the region of the short sides.
• the frontal edge may have at least one extension in the region of a section or portions of the edge at which or at which the distance to an adjacent anchoring opening or the distance to the front side of the outer peripheral side of the bristle carrier is at most 0.5 mm.
• the extension has in particular a preferably continuous rectangular cross-sectional profile, which can be easily manufactured and also allows a simpler injection mold half.
• injection mold half is understood in the following to be an integral part which completely forms the inside of the cavity in the injection mold half, or a part or assembly of several parts of a multi-part injection mold half understood, in which several parts together the inside of the cavity in the In the latter case, in particular, the bottom portion of the cavity in the injection mold half is a separate part which is displaceably inserted into an opening of a second part, which in turn defines the edge of the recess.
• the or extensions are completely or almost completely flat or, pressed into the formed by the front surface when forming. At best, a minimal effort for at least one bristle or the adjacent bristle tufts can remain.
• the front side of the bristle carrier is heated.
• the front side is brought to a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the bristle material and / or the bristle carrier material, in particular at most 85% in ° C of the respective melting temperature of the bristle and / or the bristle carrier material.
• the tool part exerts a compressive force on the heated bristle carrier and deforms the correspondingly heated bristle carrier according to feature f).
• the heating of the bristle carrier on the front side is preferably carried out by the tool part, which is heated. If, as in the preferred variant of the case, the front side of the tool part contacts the front side for a few seconds, the temperature of the front side of the tool part also corresponds to the temperature on the front side of the bristle carrier, so that the temperatures correspond. This means that the end face of the tool part is brought to a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the bristle material and / or the bristle carrier material, in particular at most 85% in ° C of the respective melting temperature of the bristle and / or bristle carrier material.
• the front side of the bristle carrier could also first be heated up and then the distance of the tool part to the bristle carrier could be reduced, or both steps could be simultaneous or partly simultaneous.
• the change in distance is effected by a relative movement of the tool part to the holding part, i. the tool part can be moved, this is the holding part silent, or vice versa, or tool part and holding part both move.
• the invention is not limited to the anchoring of a singular bristle or spaced-apart, singular bristles, and although the bristle tufts are further mentioned below in some places for ease of reading, the invention is It can also be used in general for a bristle carrier with one or more individual bristles as well as for a bristle carrier with one or more bristle tufts or combinations thereof, in addition to both the method claims and the claims in kind.
• the heating may possibly be a holder which receives the bristle carrier, are heated in operation, for example by radiation.
• the time in which compressive force is exerted on the bristle carrier can be so long that the bristle carrier is heated to a greater depth and farther from the front side too much, and thus also deformed in these deeper regions, as extensive experiments have shown.
• the back of the bristle carrier, while the compressive force is exerted on the bristle carrier actively cooled It is therefore a separate cooling device, for example, by a liquid cooling, provided.
• the volume range of the bristle carrier in which there is a sufficiently high temperature for forming during the application of pressure, within narrow limits adjustable.
• a safety zone is created within the bristle carrier by the cooling device, in which no deformation takes place.
• the back of the bristle carrier is actively cooled.
• this ensures that the bristle carrier becomes a maximum of 25 ° C in the process.
• the already mentioned holder via which a counter force is exerted on the bristle carrier at the rear and bears against the bristle carrier, is actively cooled, in particular via liquid cooling.
• the cooling can be done not only on the back of the bristle carrier, but optionally also at least at portions of the so-called side surface of the bristle carrier.
• the side surface is the surface that connects the front and the back of the bristle carrier. By cooling is excluded that the side surface, when the bristle carrier is squeezed between the front and back, laterally outwardly plastically deformed.
• the holder may have a receiving recess for the bristle carrier, which is complementary to the bristle carrier and ensures an investment of the back and the side surface of the holder.
• the bristle carrier is preferably heated only after the introduction of the at least one bristle by the heatable tool part.
• the tool part can be heated by an integrated electrical resistance heater or by a heated neighboring part, which outside of the bristle carrier contacting contact surface temporarily contacts the tool part and transfers the heat to the tool part in this contacting.
• the controlled heating of the tool part to a predetermined temperature is not done by a "random" heating of adjacent, more or less hot parts, but via a heater assigned only to the tool part.
• the compressive force is applied in a device when the bristle carrier is contacted at the front by a tool part and at the back by a holder while the pressing force is exerted on the bristle carrier. In particular, the device for applying the pressure force is moved to block. This means that there is no distance between the holder and the tool part, because they contact each other at the front.
• this contact takes place over the entire surface and around the enclosed bristle carrier in a parting plane between the holder and the tool part.
• the cavity which is formed between the holder and the tool part for receiving the bristle carrier, sealed in the parting plane.
• no material of the bristle carrier can migrate into a gap, to then form a burr on the finished bristle carrier.
• the stability and accuracy of the bristle carrier and the orientation of the at least one bristle, in particular the bristles of a bristle tuft can be increased if after the so-called exposure time (time during which the pressure on the bristle carrier between the front and Rear is applied) the device is not immediately disassembled and the bristle carrier is removed.
• exposure time time during which the pressure on the bristle carrier between the front and Rear is applied
• a ventilation gap is created after the contact time between the front and the tool part. This means that the tool part and holder are slightly removed from each other. The device is not completely driven apart or brought into a position in which the bristle carrier is removed or could be removed.
• the bristle carrier together with its at least one bristle, preferably one or more bristle tufts interposed, in which the ventilation gap acts in the device for cooling the front.
• the rear side also contacts the holder in this quiescent phase, depending on the shape of the holder, which has the effect of stabilizing the shape.
• the predetermined rest phase should last at least 1 second, in particular at least 1.5 seconds. Preferably, no further movement takes place during this time between the holder and the tool part. Alternatively, a slow opening movement can take place. It is particularly advantageous if the at least one bristle, in particular the bristle tuft, remains or remains in its assigned receiving opening during this entire resting phase. The receiving opening holds the bristle or bristles of one or more bristle tufts during the resting phase in the form. This stabilizes the area around the anchoring opening. Obviously, internal stresses are reduced.
• the ventilation gap should have a height of at least 1 mm, which is measured in the direction of travel of the device (direction of movement between the holder and the tool part when the device rises and falls).
• the ventilation gap can preferably be kept constant during the rest phase.
• cooling air can be blown to the front of the bristle carrier via the ventilation gap. This allows the rest period to be shortened in time.
• Another special feature of the invention is that after a feed movement of the tool part and bristle carrier relative to each other, which is completed when reaching a closed position of the device, the pressure force over a predetermined holding time in the closed position is exerted on the bristle carrier.
• the device is not driven and immediately reopened, as is usually the case when pressing, forming or punching objects.
• the compressive force does not have to be constant during the holding time, because it depends on the resistance of the bristle carrier. With increasing deformation of the bristle carrier thus the compressive force will decrease.
• the hold time should be at least 1 second, preferably at least 1.5 seconds.
• the maximum hold times have been found to be optimal for 3 seconds, in particular for a maximum of 2.5 seconds. More is not required.
• the bristle carrier can be heated during the holding time, in particular during the entire holding time, but optionally also already during the feed movement on the front side. If it is already heated during the feed movement, cycle time can be saved. In fact, even during the feed movement, there is already a heating of the front side, for example due to radiation. Then, as soon as the front contacts the heated tool part, during the subsequent closing of the device, the front side and the bristle carrier are heated and brought to temperature.
• the contact time of pressure on the bristle carrier is determined by the sum of the holding time plus the time period during the feed movement, in which the front is first contacted by the tool part and at the same time the rear side of the holder and compressed until reaching the fully collapsed position.
• This exposure time should be at least 4 seconds, in particular at least 5 seconds.
• the maximum exposure time has been found to be 15 seconds, in particular a maximum of 10 seconds as the limit.
• the holding time is preferably less than the above period when moving together, in which the bristle carrier is compressed. This collapse and compression takes place with very slow delivery speed of the holder relative to the tool part. In particular, this period is at least 3, in particular at least 4 seconds.
• the holding time is a maximum of 50%, in particular a maximum of 40% of the above period when moving together, during which the bristle carrier is compressed. To reduce the cycle time it may be useful to use the front of the bristle carrier.
• the bristle carrier can be preheated. For example, if the bristle carrier is already seated in the holder, it could be blown on its front side with hot air or briefly exposed to a heat source (eg, radiant heat) that does not form the tool part. This can during the feed movement of tool part to holder or even before this delivery movement occur. For example, during an adjustment movement of the holder / tool part or before the tool part is moved laterally to the holder, the bristle carrier could be heated. The subsequent heating time by contact with the tool part can be reduced.
• a heat source eg, radiant heat
• Another special feature of the invention is that the free end of the at least one bristle in the device is supported frontally.
• This support is intended to fix the axial position of the bristle or bristles of one or more bristle tufts within the same bristle tufts or bristle tufts to each other.
• the brush should have a sawtooth shape at the ends of the bristle tufts, as viewed from the side.
• a bristle tuft is sawtooth, tapered or tapered.
• this support which serves as a stop or means for shaping, should also act during the application of the compressive force to the bristle carrier, in order to allow no displacement of the bristle, bristles or bristle tufts during this time.
• the support at least during the application of the compressive force on the bristle carrier, preferably before the application of the compressive force or during the feed movement of the device after contacting the front and the back of the bristle carrier by tool or holder already to remove. This means that at least the last phase during the application of the compressive force, optionally also during the entire time of application of the compressive force, the previously used support is removed.
• the minimum pressure which is introduced into the bristles by the support at least in the last phase or also the entire phase of the deformation process can lead to the deformation of the bristles or to the fact that the bristles are inclined or not aligned parallel to one another, not even inside a bristle tuft.
• the cross section of the at least one bristle and the cross section of the associated receiving opening in the tool part are matched to one another such that the at least one bristle / tuft is clamped in the receiving opening and is axially positionable by the clamping.
• this clamping is only a minimal clamping, which allows shifting generally in the previous axial viewing process.
• the at least one bristle or tuft may be given a thickened attachment end by thermally forming the bristle material by heating above the melt temperature.
• the bristles of the bristle tufts are combined together by thermal forming. In this case, but not adjacent bristle tufts are united with each other, but each bristle tuft has a thickened attachment end, with the advance it is introduced into the anchoring opening.
• the forming takes place outside an anchoring station in which at least steps c) to f) are carried out.
• the material of the thickened attachment end is therefore preferably already solidified when the respective attachment end is inserted into the anchoring opening.
• bristle tufts can be secured in the anchoring opening by reshaping the edge of the opening, but also prefabricated so-called elastomeric cleaning elements (eg of thermoplastic materials) which are several times thicker than normal filaments of bristle tufts.
• elastomeric cleaning elements eg of thermoplastic materials
• These cleaning elements serve to improve the cleaning as well as, in the case of a toothbrush, the massage of the gums.
• these cleaning elements do not necessarily have a pin shape, but may have any cross-sections, in particular elongated, arcuate, cruciform or round (circular or oval) shapes and corresponding ring shapes with central openings.
• the at least one anchoring opening can be filled with a singular, prefabricated bristle made of an elastomeric material, in particular a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE).
• TPE thermoplastic elastomer
• This singular bristle is anchored in the anchoring opening by deforming the bristle carrier.
• the singular, prefabricated bristle has a greatest wall thickness, measured in cross section, of greater than 0.6 mm, in particular greater than 0.9 mm. For example, in a rectangular cross-sectional shape, the largest wall thickness is measured in the longitudinal direction.
• the singular, prefabricated bristle may have a thickened attachment end with which it is pushed into the anchoring opening and which is encompassed by the deformed edge of the anchoring opening of the bristle carrier.
• the thickened attachment end is created in the manufacture of the singular bristle and not by the indentation and elastic deformation of the bristle by reshaping the edge of the anchoring opening.
• the thickened attachment end for example, has the shape of a flat cylinder and / or the singular, prefabricated bristle is a multi-component injection molded part.
• the thickened attachment end may be made of another, preferably harder material, for example polypropylene, than at least the outer surface of the singular prefabricated bristle outside the anchoring opening.
• the attachment end is even harder than the entire remainder of the singular prefabricated bristle. Due to the harder attachment end of the bristle seat in the anchoring opening is better.
• a plurality of anchoring openings are provided in the bristle carrier, wherein at least one, preferably a plurality of anchoring openings are provided only with the / the singular, prefabricated bristles. At least one other, preferably the remaining anchoring openings, however, are prefabricated bristle tufts provided so that the brush has a hybrid form of conventional bristle tufts and thicker, elastomeric cleaning elements.
• the singular bristle protrudes with its free end, for example, at least as far as the free end of the bristle tuft, and is thus not shorter than the bristle tufts. It may be advantageous if the elastomeric cleaning elements, i. the singular bristles are even longer than bristle tufts and protrude beyond their ends. Of course, the elastomeric cleaning elements may also be shorter than the bristle tufts.
• the wall, which defines the anchoring opening in the bristle carrier, after deformation from the front side is deformed only to above the thickened end.
• the attachment end may be, for example, a thickened end or the thickened attachment end of a bristle tufts, in which the bristles integrally merge into one another. It would be expected that the entire anchoring opening is as tight and gap-free as possible at the attachment end to allow any movement of the bristle or bristle tufts in any direction.
• the invention takes a different approach.
• the attachment end is not completely compressed, but has some free space within the anchoring opening.
• the position of the at least one bristle, but in particular of the bristles within a bristle tuft, can be set more precisely. For example, if the thickened end of a bristle tuft is completely compressed, the bristles try to spread apart and no longer have the parallel alignment. For example, the deformation should only be in the area of the edge of the
• Anchoring opening i. in the region of that wall section which lies in the region of the mouth of the anchoring opening take place.
• the wall of the anchoring opening does not clamp the attachment end of the bristle or the at least one entire bristle tufts over a depth of at least 0.8 mm and / or does not deform the attachment end either.
• This area in which no clamping and / or no deformation of the attachment end, begins with the bottom of the Anchoring opening and extends further over at least 0.8 mm toward the front of the bristle carrier.
• the at least one bristle or the at least one entire bristle tuft may have a thickened attachment end.
• the edge of the anchoring opening is deformed, ie the area of the wall that lies in the area of the mouth to the front. In this area, the edge is narrowed so that the anchoring opening expands in the direction of the ground and the thickened attachment end is pulled behind in the extension direction by the deformed edge, so that extraction of the bristle / bristle tuft is prevented by the stop acting as an edge.
• the thickened attachment end starting from its end near the front of the bristle carrier in the axial direction to the rear side over only a maximum of 50% of its total axial length in the Anchoring be clamped. If, for example, the attachment end is a ball, as is usually produced when the bristle ends merge, only a maximum of that half of the ball is clamped in the anchoring opening facing the front side.
• the constricted "neck" of the anchoring opening near the mouth formed by the deformation ie the deformed edge of the anchoring opening that engages behind the thickened attachment end
• the brushes produced by the invention, in particular toothbrushes can have a very small amount due to the invention Thickness in the area of the bristle carrier Thickness of over 4 mm, the invention allows a thickness of less than 4 mm, with better holding forces for the bristles or bristle tufts than in the prior art. Furthermore, it is possible due to the invention, bristle tufts, even larger bristle tufts, to position very close to the edge of the front, which was previously not possible.
• Bristle tufts can also be narrowed in cross section by deforming the edge of the anchoring opening. That is, a bristle tuft is fixed in the anchoring opening, and the edge of the anchoring opening is deformed so that the edge compacts the bristle tufts in an area where the bristles are juxtaposed.
• the region in which the bristles lie next to one another preferably directly adjoins the attachment end, which is formed by the fused bristles.
• the bristle tufts thus receives a smaller cross-section after the deformation and narrowing of the anchoring opening than it had before after the insertion of the bristle tufts into the anchoring opening.
• the bristle tufts are compressed by at least 3%, in particular at least 5%.
• This compaction is determined by the difference in cross-section, more specifically the difference in cross-sectional area, of the receiving opening in the tool part to the cross-section of the deformed anchoring opening in the region of the edge, i. the mouth of the anchoring opening to the front, defined.
• the cross-section is only reduced by a maximum of 0.4 mm.
• the anchoring opening prior to its deformation, only has an oversize side of less than 0.2 mm in relation to the largest cross-section of the attachment end of the tuft / bristle in order to allow insertion of the attachment end into the anchoring opening without effort.
• a positive connection results through the narrowed edge of the anchoring opening, in which the edge can only be narrower by 0.1-0.3 mm in cross section than the largest cross section of the fastening end. This minimum projection is sufficient to realize excellent pull-out values.
• the invention also makes it possible to process bristle carriers with elastomers already sprayed on the back.
• the elastomer is thus already sprayed onto the back of the bristle carrier when the bristle / bristle tufts is inserted into the front anchoring opening.
• the holder in which the bristle carrier is received when applying the pressure force, has a recess. This recess is designed so that it receives the bristle carrier back together with elastomer.
• the recess may in particular be designed to be complementary to the shape of the bristle carrier provided with the encapsulation. Since the elastomer toothbrushes is usually designed as a tongue cleaner with protruding nubs, the holder has correspondingly complementary recesses for these nubs.
• the depth of the recess is designed so that its volume for receiving the elastomer is smaller than the uncompressed volume of the elastomer.
• the volume in the receptacle is adjusted to the actual volume of the compressed elastomer upon application of the compressive force to deform the edge of the anchoring opening. Since the elastomer is softer than the bristle carrier, it must be prevented that the pressure force is too low due to the intermediate elastomer.
• the opposing force applied during deformation of the holder can be completely introduced via the elastomer in the front part of the bristle carrier. It does not necessarily take place directly contacting the back of the bristle carrier without the interposition of elastomer with the holder to initiate opposing forces in the bristle carrier.
• the tool part is heated so that the bristle carrier opposite end face of the tool part is brought to a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the bristle material and / or the bristle carrier material, in particular below 85% in ° C of the respective melting temperature of the bristle and / or bristle carrier material.
• the tool part is moved relative to the bristle carrier so that the tool part contacts the bristle carrier and heats it.
• thermoplastic material in all embodiments is preferably made of polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET), preferably BR003, and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyethylene ( PE), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) and styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) existing group. Both homopolymers and copolymers with said thermoplastics can be used.
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• PBT polypropylene
• PC polycarbonate
• PA polyamide
• PVA polyvinyl acetate
• PE polyethylene
• ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer
• SAN styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer
• the bristle carrier and the at least one bristle inserted into the tool part should not melt when the tool part contacts the bristle carrier.
• the predetermined temperature is for this purpose preferably at most 85 %% of the melting temperature of the thermoplastic material.
• the predetermined temperature is in a range between 30 ° C and 150 ° C, more preferably between 60 ° C and 140 ° C, in particular between 90 and 130 ° C or 100 and 1 15 ° C.
• the predetermined temperature is more preferably above the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic. This provides adequate deformability of the thermoplastic material.
• the inventive method differs fundamentally from the prior art, because on the one hand, it provides exclusively a anchorless attachment of the bristle, the tufts of bristles or bristle tufts.
• the anchoring opening itself is prefabricated, that is, holes are not pressed into the bristle carrier here with heated punches, but rather the receiving openings already result during the injection molding of the bristle carrier.
• the receiving opening is not heated on the inside first and thus softens the inside edge of the opening, so that the bristle or bristle tufts is pressed into the soft wall of the receiving opening.
• the bristle or the bristle tufts is preferably first inserted into the receiving opening, and only then the bristle carrier is heated on its front side opposite the tool part, but without melting. It is carried out below the melting temperature of the bristle material and / or the bristle carrier material, wherein the heating by the tool part in which the bristle or bristle tufts sat, takes place and not by its own pure heating tool, which then has to be moved away again when the bristle or the bristle tufts is supplied.
• the heating of the bristle carrier during the entire forming process is carried out to a temperature below the melting temperature, preferably to a temperature which is well below the melting temperature, for example, at least 15% below the respective melting temperature calculated in ° C and preferably at most 15% above the glass transition temperature, calculated in ° K and in a bristle carrier material with a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 300 ° K.
• the temperature to which the bristle carrier is heated during the entire forming process is at most 50% above the glass transition temperature calculated in ° K.
• the bristle carrier is heated to a temperature above the glass transition temperature.
• the invention and its preferred and previously described advantageous variants provide in particular for the use of polypropylene, of which some groups have a glass transition temperature of less than 300 ° K, have a glass transition temperature above 300 ° K, as bristle carrier material.
• Other preferred bristle carrier materials are PET, PBT, PA, ABS, SAN and PC. These bristle carrier materials all have glass transition temperatures above 300 ° K.
• the glass transition temperature can be determined, for example, by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA).
• DMTA dynamic mechanical thermal analysis
• the melting point of semicrystalline thermoplastics is considered to be the upper end of the melting range.
• a determination of the melting temperature can be carried out, for example, by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
• DSC differential scanning calorimetry
• the transition to the flow or processing range is considered to be the melting temperature.
• an embodiment of the invention provides that the tool part, before contacting the bristle carrier, is heated up.
• the bristle or bristle tuft itself is already heated with what was not desired in the prior art, because the bristle tufts should indeed press into the soft wall.
• the tool part can already be heated to its predetermined maximum operating temperature before it contacts the bristle carrier.
• the invention provides inter alia in one embodiment of the invention, that the melting temperature of the plastic of the bristle carrier is below the melting temperature of the bristle or bristles.
• the bristle carrier material is equal to the bristle material, for example polypropylene and PA.
• the bristle carrier should be heated only after the introduction of the at least one bristle through the tool part, preferably exclusively by contacting.
• a bristle carrier comes close to a hot or hot tool part, a minimal increase in temperature will occur, but this increase in temperature is absolutely negligible and occurs only on the immediate surface.
• the tool part to bring the bristle carrier in the area of the contact surface with the tool during the feed movement of the tool part to the temperature below the melting temperature of the bristle carrier material and, preferably, greater than or equal to the glass transition temperature the material of the bristle carrier is.
• the bristle carrier can be brought to the aforementioned temperature even when the bristle carrier is contacted by the tool part. The heating of the bristle carrier to the predetermined and previously mentioned
• Temperature or temperature ranges should, according to one embodiment of the invention, reach from 0.25 to 0.5 mm below the surface of the bristle carrier facing the tool part (front side) until the deformation process has been completed. Since the tool part presses against the bristle carrier over a longer period of time and heats it, the heat energy also migrates deeper into the interior of the bristle carrier. As a result, when the bristle carrier is first contacted by the tool part, it does not already have to be heated to depth, it is sufficient to achieve this heating during the feed movement and the contact time (contact time). The tool part can in a first phase of the feed movement relative to
• the limit temperature is the ambient temperature when working with a Borstenarnamatenal whose glass transition temperature is less than 300 ° K, which is the case in particular when using polypropylene variants with such low glass transition temperatures.
• the heating takes place before the tool part deforms the edge in a second phase of the feed movement and the edge presses against the at least one bristle.
• the bristle carrier material may be heated to a temperature which is within a range between the glass transition temperature and below about 85% of the thermoplastic's melting temperature in ° C.
• this temperature is preferably in a range of between 30 ° C and 210 ° C, more preferably between 60 and 140 ° C, preferably between 90 and 130 ° C or 100 and 115 ° C.
• the bristle or bristle tufts should first be pushed into the receiving opening before the tool part contacts the bristle carrier, in particular before the bristle carrier has been heated to a temperature at least in the region of the edge surrounding the anchoring opening (preferably in the entire contact area) which is above a limit temperature which is 40% in ° C, in particular 20% in ° C below the glass transition temperature of the bristle carrier material when working with a bristle carrier material having a glass transition temperature of greater than or equal to 300 ° K (this applies in particular bristle carrier materials such as polypropylene variants with a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 300 ° K, PET, PBT, PA, ABS, SAN and PC), or which corresponds to the ambient temperature when working with a Borstenitatimatenal whose glass transition temperature is less than 300 ° K, ie in particular Pol ypropylene variants with such low glass transition temperatures.
• the edge the anchoring opening is at least the outer edge at the front of the bristle
• Another variant of the invention provides that the at least one bristle or bristle tufts is first pushed into the receiving opening before the edge of the anchoring opening is heated to a temperature which is at least 30 ° C above the ambient temperature, in particular before the edge of the anchoring opening is heated in the interior of the anchoring opening over the ambient temperature by the tool part.
• the edge inside the opening is not appreciably heated in the latter variant, in contrast to the prior art, where heated pins should penetrate into the opening to the inside edge of the opening, that is, the wall defining the opening, to the hole bottom to warm up.
• the deformation should be such that the edge of the bristle carrier presses at the transition to the front or end side of the bristle carrier on the entire circumference against the outer bristles of the attached bristle tufts, so that a compression of the bristle tufts takes place.
• the nature or extent of compaction depends on the cross section of the bristle tuft.
• the cross-section of the anchoring opening is reduced, for example, by a maximum of 0.3 mm, preferably by a maximum of 0.15 mm.
• the lack of heating of the opening wall also relates to the other embodiments.
• the edge is brought to the predetermined limit temperatures or temperatures, in the opening itself, however, the ambient temperature is substantially maintained as long as the tool part does not contact the bristle carrier ,
• a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the tool part is also heated in the entire contact region, in which the tool part contacts the bristle carrier, and not only in the punctiform region or linear region around the edge of the anchoring opening.
• This has the advantage that the tool part has the entire contact area and thus the entire adjoining mate ha I Siemens of the tool part available to this material area by the high applied pressure to move and reshape.
• a kind of collar was created by projecting beads on the bristle carrier produced, which represented the only heated and formed material.
• the present invention sets this clearly off by just the portions of the bristle carrier are heated and formed with, which lie away from the front edge of the anchoring openings. The back of the bristle carrier should pass through the tool part during the
• Anchoring can not be heated, so that in fact only the front side facing the tool part is heated and reshaped, whereas the back side forms a plate-like, stable structure which could be called the base of the bristle carrier. Consequently, this part of the bristle carrier is not reshaped or changed in shape during the pressurization.
• the tool part can, at least during the entire time in which it exerts pressure on the bristle carrier, also heat the bristle carrier on the front side. So it's not in the invention to a short-term pre-on heating of the bristle carrier and a subsequent rapid movement of the bristle tufts in the heated material sections of the bristle carrier, as is the case in the prior art with the previously heated bristle carriers, then pushed into the bristle tufts become.
• the plastics used in the present invention are, for example, copolyesters, especially Eastar TM BR003 (having a melting temperature range of 230 to 280 ° C), polypropylenes, in particular a homopolymer such as PPH5042 having a melting temperature of 165 ° C, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyvinyl acetate or polyethylene , If these materials have a glass transition temperature above the ambient temperature, here 300 ° K, energy should be introduced into the bristle carrier via the tool part. This is also advantageous for materials whose glass transition temperature is below ambient temperature. However, it is according to a variant of the invention in such materials of the bristle carrier also possible to get along without heating the bristle carrier by the tool part. Then, at the ambient temperature, the deformation is achieved exclusively via the pressure of the tool part on the bristle carrier.
• copolyesters especially Eastar TM BR003 (having a melting temperature range of 230 to 280 ° C)
• bristle carrier materials are heated to the following temperatures in the process according to the invention and by the device according to the invention which is explained below:
• the invention provides in particular for PET, a heating of the front side of the bristle carrier in a range of 75-95 ° C, in particular 80-90 ° C and PP of 1 15 to 125 ° C, in particular 110-120 ° C before.
• PP is used with a melt flow index (MFI) of 6-35, preferably 10-15.
• MFI melt flow index
• the inventive method provides in the preferred embodiment, not only a bristle, which is used in total in a receiving opening, but a plurality of anchoring openings and a plurality of receiving openings in the bristle carrier or in the tool part.
• the receiving openings are aligned in each case to the associated anchoring openings.
• bristle tufts are used, which are then inserted into the anchoring openings, preferably inserted simultaneously.
• the tool part heats up at least the edges of the anchoring openings, preferably the entire contact surface, so that the entire area between the anchoring openings Anchoring openings is heated.
• the anchoring openings are closed at the same time, thereby anchoring the bristle tufts at the same time.
• the contact area between the tool part and bristle carrier on the tool part is flat, as is the front side of the bristle carrier, which faces the tool part.
• bristle carriers that have a convex or concave curved front.
• the tool part has a complementary end face.
• the feed movement of the tool part relative to the bristle carrier can be performed pressure and time-controlled and / or pressure and path controlled.
• the device is simply driven to block by, for example, an electric motor is provided (for example via a spindle drive), the current consumption or power consumption of the electric motor is detected and is assumed from reaching a predetermined limit that the device is in the closed position in which preferably the holder and the tool part touch each other. From then on, the so-called hold time could run.
• an electric motor for example via a spindle drive
• the current consumption or power consumption of the electric motor is detected and is assumed from reaching a predetermined limit that the device is in the closed position in which preferably the holder and the tool part touch each other. From then on, the so-called hold time could run.
• a further variant of the invention provides that the tool part exerts a preferably constant compressive force on the bristle carrier for a predetermined time from the time of contacting the bristle carrier.
• This optional method is particularly easy to implement, because it is simply applied a compressive force and exercised for a while on the bristle carrier, so to speak as a contact time, then to remove the tool part and bristle carrier again from each other. Further method steps are not required here, as in the other variants of the invention, to anchor the bristle or the bristle tufts in the bristle carrier.
• the feed movement and / or the applied pressure from the tool part relative to or on the bristle carrier can be from the contacting of the bristle carrier by the tool part until reaching the maximum feed path nonlinear over time.
• a longer or shorter initial exposure time of the temperature can be realized, and then another pressure is then applied to further and permanently deform the bristle carrier material.
• the exposure time is at least 4 seconds, in particular at least 5 seconds and a maximum of 15 seconds, in particular a maximum of 10 seconds. Over this long exposure time, the pressure can be consistent and / or a permanent heating of the bristle carrier take place.
• the anchoring opening may be a blind hole, in particular with a maximum depth of 4 mm, more particularly a maximum of 2.7 mm.
• the thickness of the bristle carrier is reduced by the method according to the invention.
• the anchoring opening is reshaped and narrowed only to a depth of at most 85%, in particular a maximum of 70%, preferably even only a maximum of 60% of its total depth, that is, it is not narrowed in the region of the bottom of the blind hole.
• the tool part brings namely a pressure of at least 200 bar, in particular at least 400 bar on the bristle carrier.
• the at least one anchoring opening preferably all anchoring openings, have no protruding collar before the bristle carrier is acted upon by the tool part in the region of the mouth of the anchoring opening.
• these bristle carriers are flat on their front side facing the tool part, at least in the area of contact with the tool part.
• the enormous pressure of 200 and more bar ensures that it is reshaped entire area of the surface or contact surface and, with the exception of an oblique anchoring opening explained below, no protruding collar is required as material accumulation.
• the invention also makes it possible to produce brushes with bristle tufts which run obliquely to the front. This is surprising because the oblique orientation of the bristle tufts the mouth edge of the anchoring opening sections so to speak below the inclined tufts and thus is harder to reach for the tool for forming and on the other hand, the forming of the material in this area actually erecting the obliquely Tufts should lead.
• bristle tufts can thus also be installed obliquely in the bristle carrier. If the anchoring opening in its interior have an edge portion extending obliquely to its front side opposite the tool part, additional material accumulation may be necessary at this area. Then, the bristle carrier has before the application of the bristle carrier by the tool part at the front edge, for example in the region of the oblique edge portion or opposite to the inclined edge portion opposite the front in the direction of the tool part projecting extension. Otherwise, advantageously, the front of the bristle carrier completely flat.
• a magazine which is equipped with the at least one bristle or at least one bristle tufts. If several bristles or more bristle tufts to be attached to the bristle carrier, then all bristles or tufts are housed in the same magazine and are inserted after loading simultaneously.
• the or the attachment ends of the bristles or bristle tufts protrude after loading with its attachment end of the magazine and are heated at this attachment end, without having to leave the magazine.
• the thickening is then formed at the free end protruding from the magazine attachment end.
• the magazine is therefore not a pure stamping tool, but also a transport tool, which is moved laterally to the bristle carrier coming from a Be Industriesungsstation and is then pressed against the bristle carrier.
• the thickening i. the thickened attachment end may subsequently, i. be actively cooled immediately before it is produced, before it is inserted into the anchoring opening in the bristle carrier. This can increase the cycle time. In addition, it is avoided that the thickening is then deformed during application of the compressive force so that the bristles are no longer optimally aligned with each other.
• the active cooling does not mean, for example, that the thickened attachment end in the device is cooled by the ambient temperature prevailing there. Rather, a device for cooling is provided, for example, an active air flow, which is generated by a fan. This air flow can either transport ambient air, for example from farther away from the heated parts, or also transport cooled air coming from an air conditioning system. Another possibility is to provide a cold chamber through which the attachment end is transported with the bristle or through.
• the tool part has, for example, a planar end facing the bristle carrier (at least in the area of contact with the bristle carrier) and / or a geometry which can not protrude into the anchoring opening, ie without pin-like projections or the like, as in the prior art Technique was proposed.
• the position of the so-called parting plane between the holder and the tool part, in which both abut against each other, relative to the bristle carrier is important. So it is advantageous if the cavity formed for receiving the bristle carrier is formed not only in the holder, but also partially in the tool part. Based on the thickness of the bristle carrier, however, the vast majority of the cavity is formed by a recess in the holder.
• the parting plane should preferably be close to or immediately adjacent to a rounded transition between the side surface and the front of the bristle carrier, ie outside the rounded transition.
• this rounded transition is by no means provided with any heel or burr created by extruded bristle carrier material.
• the total thickness of the bristle carrier is permanently reduced, that is, not only partially, but in total.
• the bristle carrier opposite end face of the tool part is brought in particular to a temperature which is a maximum of 140 ° C, in particular a maximum of 130 ° C.
• a temperature which is a maximum of 140 ° C, in particular a maximum of 130 ° C.
• polypropylene, PET, ABS or SAN is used here as material for the bristle carrier.
• the front side of the bristle carrier during forming to 75-95 ° C, especially 80-90 ° C, and when using PP (for example, with a melt flow index (MFI)) from 6-35, preferably 10-15, to 105-125 ° C, especially 1 10-120 ° C should be brought.
• MFI melt flow index
• At the bristle carrier as already briefly mentioned, at least one frontally projecting, elastic cleaning element made of an elastomer, in particular TPE, molded and fixed to the bristle carrier, before or after the attachment of the at least one bristle, wherein the cleaning element at the edge of the bristle carrier and / or inwardly of the edge between bristles or bristle tufts is arranged. Consequently, mixed forms of cleaning elements in the same brush are conceivable.
• bristle tufts which are fixed by the forming of the edge of the anchoring opening on the bristle carrier, and singular bristles in the form of elastomeric, prefabricated cleaning elements, which also by Forming the edge of the anchoring opening are attached to the bristle carrier can be mounted in any combination on the bristle carrier.
• the brush body can be designed as a multi-component injection molded part.
• the bristles can also be pre-pointed bristles, ie chemically or mechanically pre-pointed bristles or pre-rounded.
• a plurality of bristle tufts can be anchored, wherein at least one bristle tufts of bristles of a different material with a different melting temperature than the bristles of at least one other brushes bristles.
• the bristle tufts which consist of different bristle materials, are heated to different degrees in order to fuse the bristles of a tuft together in each case to form a thickened attachment end.
• the distance between the end of the bristle tuft facing a heating device and the heating device is set differently depending on the bristle material and / or the heating device is heated to different temperatures and / or different, to different temperatures, depending on the bristle material heated heaters matched to the associated bristle material are used.
• the bristle books are pressed out of the magazine at different distances. Those tufts of lighter melting material remain e.g. closer to the magazine than the others, so that the tufts of bristles, which have moved further out, come closer to the heating device than the others and are therefore more heated.
• the bristle tufts can also be processed one after the other by successively pushing the bristle tufts having different bristle materials out of the magazine with their attachment end, in order then to get closer to the heating device. Either the heater is then heated to two suitable, different temperatures, or different hot heaters are used for their respective associated bristle tufts.
• the nylon bristles are first heated, followed by PBT bristles.
• the aforementioned advantageous variants can also be combined with each other expressly.
• Another object of the invention is to provide a device with which brushes can be produced in a simple manner and in which the pressure forces for deforming the bristle carrier can be kept low.
• the object of the invention is achieved by means of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention characterized in that the device comprises a plurality of stations, including a spray station for producing the bristle carrier and a later station for attaching the at least one bristle in the bristle carrier, wherein in the injection station a Spritzgußformhcounteil with at least a pen projecting into a syringe cavity forming a portion of the mold half and forming the anchoring opening formed as a blind hole, the post projecting from a bottom surface of the mold half and wherein the mold half comprises a groove in the bottom surface circumferentially closed around the pin which has a varying cross-section over the circumference, the station for fixing the at least one bristle has a holder for the bristle carrier and a tool part with at least one Receiving opening
• ABS or SAN used.
• a tool part which acts as a temporary support for the bristle or the bristle tufts or used as a press die and at the same time as a means of transport.
• a heater on the front side of the tool part is designed and is controlled by a controller that the front side is heated to a temperature of 140 ° C maximum, in particular at most 130 ° C when it is moved against the bristle carrier.
• a device although higher temperatures theoretically can drive, but limited their control or regulation, the temperature according to predetermined, of course, also falls under the definition device.
• the feed movement of the tool part can be realized relative to a holder of the bristle carrier by movement of the holder and / or the tool part, wherein the feed movement pressure and time-controlled and / or pressure and path controlled or only time-controlled or can only be driven away.
• the device according to the invention can apply a pressure of at least 200 bar, in particular at least 400 bar, to the bristle carrier, that is to say in the direction of the holder.
• the heatability of the tool part should be performed in the entire contact area with the bristle carrier or even in the entire region of the end face of the tool part, which is opposite to the holder and thus the bristle carrier used in the holder.
• the tool part is for example a magazine which is equipped in a loading station of the device with the at least one bristle or the at least one bristle tufts.
• the at least one bristle or the at least one bristle tufts (under “at least one bristle” generally fall, for the entire present description and the claims also one or more bristle tufts) protrude from the magazine after being loaded with its attachment end.
• each thickening is formed.
• the bristles of the corresponding bristle tufts are combined by thermal forming together. or spherical thickening.
• either the magazine can be moved and the stations can be stationary, or the magazine remains stationary and stuffing tools or heating devices or holders are moved to the magazine.
• These tools or stances may be arranged, for example, on a rotating carousel, one after the other Magazines, which are stationed, leaves.
• the device according to the invention has a controller which controls the feed movement of the tool part relative to the bristle carrier and the heating process of the tool part in such a way that the tool part is heated before it makes contact with the bristle carrier. This means that before the feed movement of the tool part in the direction of the holder, the tool part is already warm. At this stage, but not necessarily, the maximum operating temperature may be present.
• the bristle carrier is heated only after the introduction of the at least one bristle through the tool part, which is realized by the projection of the thickened end relative to the magazine and the distance of the end face of the magazine to the corresponding contact surface on the bristle carrier.
• the device according to the invention is in particular designed so that the tool part is permanently heated to the desired temperature, which is necessary for heating the front side of the bristle carrier for the deformation process.
• the tool part is also already warm and at this desired temperature when the at least one bristle or bristle tufts are introduced into the receiving opening or receiving openings. If, during the melting of the bristle ends, the tool part also receives the at least one bristle tufts, care must be taken that the temperature of the tool part and / or the residence time of the at least one bristle / bristle tuft in the receiving opening are not sufficient a deformation of the bristle or bristles of a bristle tufts leads.
• the controller can heat the tool part to such a temperature and control the delivery of the tool part to the bristle carrier so that the tool part brings the bristle carrier in the region of the contact surface with the tool part during the feed movement of the tool part to the bristle carrier and / or upon contacting the bristle carrier to a temperature which is below the melting temperature of the material of the bristle carrier and, preferably, greater than or equal to the glass transition temperature of the material of the bristle carrier, in particular wherein the controller is programmed to form the temperature of the tool part for a bristle carrier material having a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 300 ° K maximum 15% above the glass transition temperature calculated in ° K sets a maximum of 50% above the glass transition temperature in ° K in a bristle carrier material having a glass transition temperature of less than 300 ° K.
• brush body or bristle carrier can be supplied, which are produced in the standard single or multi-component injection molding process.
• handles, or more generally, brush bodies or bristle carriers can be used, which are used in toothbrushes that are traditionally stuffed with the (metal) anchor technique.
• these handles / brush body / bristle carrier have deeper anchoring openings than is necessary in the inventive method.
• these elastomeric structures are placed on the front or back before the bristles occur. Only exceptionally, the attachment of the elastomeric structure after the bristle occurs, which is not common. Most often, in a multi-component injection molding tool, these elastomeric structures are sprayed onto a stiffer support structure. Such multi-component tools for toothbrush bodies are very common.
• the anchoring openings are pre-molded by means of molding pins, which may have round or any cross-sectional shape and which protrude into the injection cavity. These pins can then be pulled out of the cavities after sufficient cooling and / or curing of the injected plastic, z. B. by means of slides before complete removal of the Injection molded part takes place.
• the so-called mold pins can be mounted parallel and / or angled to each other, so as to produce parallel and / or angled anchoring openings in the injection molded part.
• pens can typically dip somewhat less deeply into the injection cavities when spraying such parts than when spraying brush bodies or bristle carriers which are to be filled with the anchoring technique.
• the anchoring openings in the spray lengths are somewhat less deep. Since these openings are less deep, the total head thickness of the brush, which are produced by the method and apparatus according to the invention, run significantly lower than brush heads, which are stuffed with the anchor technique. This results in the production of toothbrushes a clinical advantage.
• the method and apparatus according to the invention have particular advantages when using clear, i. transparent materials for the bristle carrier or the brush body.
• Such materials are usually PET, copolyester, SAN, ABS, etc.
• These materials may also have pre-injection molded anchoring openings, as with bristle carriers / brush bodies / handles made of polypropylene, and / or be provided with elastomers (eg TPE, TPU) in a multi-component process.
• elastomers eg TPE, TPU
• a spray station for producing the tufts carrier may be provided, wherein in the spray station a Spzzgussformhbulnteil with at least one protruding into a spray cavity extension , which is immovably attached to the Sphtzgussformhbulnteil or part, possibly one-piece part of the same is present.
• a spray cavity extension which is immovably attached to the Sphtzgussformhbulnteil or part, possibly one-piece part of the same is present.
• the bristle or bristle tufts are not fixed with an anchor in the bristle carrier, which requires a minimum depth for the anchoring, rich anchoring holes with lesser depth completely for fixing the bristle or bristle tufts.
• the spray station does not necessarily have to be placed spatially next to the station with the holder. Rather, the spray station may be located locally in another manufacturing facility or in a remote manufacturing location, eg, in another city, such that the bristle carriers may be prepared, for example, and then transported to another facility or manufacturing facility to provide the bristle tufts to become.
• the injection mold half part can be formed in the embodiment by a first part and / or an insert received in the first part.
• the insert has the pins that protrude from the insert on the front.
• the insert is slidable relative to the first part, in a corresponding opening in the first part which is closed by the insert.
• the device according to the invention has at least one electric motor, preferably a servo motor for applying the pressure force to the bristle carrier.
• Electric motors have the advantage that the pressure force can be adjusted very easily and that they are reliable and easily adjustable again.
• an electric motor can also apply pressure to a plurality of bristle carriers at the same time by delimiting a plurality of cavities between a tool part and a holder.
• a plurality of electric motors are provided, each of which act on a plurality of bristle carrier with pressure.
• turntables or the like makes sense to increase the discharge rate.
• several units may be provided.
• the apparatus of the invention should have a controller programmed to permanently heat the tool part to the desired temperature during application of the pressure to the bristle carrier. There are thus no desired temperature fluctuations during operation so that there is no tool part heating-up time that would adversely affect the clock rate.
• the invention relates to an injection mold half to be used in the device according to the invention or generally in a bristle carrier spray device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
• the injection mold half has at least one pin protruding into a syringe cavity protruding from a bottom surface of the injection mold half and forming the blind hole formed anchoring opening, and a circumferentially closed groove around the pin in the bottom surface, the groove changing circumferentially Cross section has, in particular a different width. Due to the circumferential groove of the cross-section changing projection is formed on the bristle carrier, with which can be tailored tailor in its dimensions after applying the temperature and the pressure inwardly bulge forming bead.
• Adjacent pins extend circumferentially closed grooves which merge into each other in sections.
• a closed around its pins circumferential groove may have different depths and / or wide sections.
• the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can be used with any brushes, not only with toothbrushes.
• methods and apparatus can also be used for household brushes, scrubbers, household brooms or brooms of any kind, dishwashing brushes, toilet brushes, hairbrushes, vacuum cleaner brushes, handwashing brushes and brushes of any kind, for example for painting, painting or nail polish brushes, face brushes (as well as manual or manual toothbrushes) electric brushes). Consequently, the details and variants described in the following drawings can also be used for all these brushes.
• FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the perspective bottom view of the anchoring station in FIG. 1 e
• FIGS. 1e and 1f are cross-sectional views through the anchoring station shown in FIGS. 1e and 1f, prior to the magazine and bristle carrier being moved toward one another;
• FIG. 4 shows a corresponding view of the station according to FIG. 3 upon first contacting of the magazine and the bristle carrier;
• FIG. 5 shows a corresponding view of the anchoring station according to FIG. 3 after the end of the feed movement and after the end of the contact time, immediately before moving apart and opening the station;
• FIG. 6 shows a sectional view through an alternative equipping station
• FIG. 7 shows a sectional view through the anchoring station according to FIG. 3, in which obliquely directed bristle tufts are processed
• FIG. 8 shows a sectional view through an alternative bristle carrier used in the invention
• FIG. 9 is a front view of a bristle carrier produced in the present invention
• FIG. 10 shows a sectional view through an injection mold with which the bristle carrier according to FIG. 9 is injected, the injection mold having an injection mold half part,
• FIG. 11 shows a sectional view through a bristle carrier during the insertion of tufts of bristles and / or individual elastomeric bristles, FIG.
• FIG. 12 variants of singular prefabricated bristles used in the invention
• FIG. 13 shows variants of the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention
• FIG. 14 shows an enlarged sectional view through a variant of the device according to the invention, in this case the anchoring station, with the holder according to the invention
• FIG. 15 an enlarged sectional view through a further variant of the device according to the invention, here the anchoring station, with the holder according to the invention when used for a bristle carrier provided with an elastomer,
• FIG. 16 shows a perspective view of a bristle carrier used in the method according to the invention and in the device according to the invention and produced by the injection mold half part according to the invention
• FIG. 17 is a plan view of an elongate anchoring openings of a
• Bristle carrier similar to that according to FIG. 16, but with different heights, with inserted bristle tufts before forming
• FIG. 18 shows a sectional view through a further bristle carrier with bristle tufts set in the method according to the invention before forming
• FIG. 19 shows a sectional view through the bristle carrier according to FIG. 18 after the forming
• FIG. 20 shows a sectional view through yet another bristle carrier, here with an obliquely inserted bristle tuft, before forming
• 21 shows a sectional view through the bristle carrier according to FIG. 20 with inserted bristle tufts after the forming
• FIG. 20 shows a sectional view through yet another bristle carrier, here with an obliquely inserted bristle tuft, before forming
• 21 shows a sectional view through the bristle carrier according to FIG. 20 with inserted bristle tufts after the forming
• FIG. 22 shows a perspective top view through the bristle carrier according to FIG. 22
• Figure 23 is a detail sectional view through the bristle carrier of Figure 18 before forming
• Figure 24 is a partial perspective sectional view through an inventive Spritzgußformhquenteil the device according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a device for producing brushes, for example toothbrushes.
• a toothbrush is known to have a brush head with bristles tufts protruding from the front, a neck and a handle. These three sections can merge into one another in one piece, they form the so-called brush body.
• the brush head can be either directly padded, or it can be made in two parts, with a plate-like bristle carrier, which already has prefabricated blind hole-like anchoring openings after injection molding, this plate-like bristle carrier is then brought together with the rest of the head, either by welding, gluing or by overmolding.
• An alternative to this is that the brush head is made in one piece so that it forms the bristle carrier itself.
• the brush head simultaneously forms the bristle carrier 10.
• the bristle carrier 10 at the same time the brush body, because it includes style, neck and head of the brush.
• the bristle carrier 10 is a prefabricated, injection molded part.
• Figure 2 shows that the bristle carrier 10 has on its underside numerous prefabricated, produced during injection molding openings 12, are inserted into the bristle tufts and anchored therein.
• the following description is identical to plate-like bristle carrier 10 transferable and readable.
• the device shown in Figure 1 comprises a plurality of stations, namely a loading station 14, which is shown in Figures 1a and 1b, a melting station 16, which is shown in Figure 1 c, and an anchoring station 18 for the bristle tufts, in the figures 1e and 1f is shown. All stations are run by a magazine 20, also called tool part, which transports bristle tufts through the individual stations.
• the magazines 20 are in practice preferably so large that a plurality of adjacent groups of receiving openings for a plurality of brushes in the magazine 20 are formed. There may also be multiple rows of groups of multi-brush receiving openings.
• the magazine 20 is, for example, a plate-shaped part with a constant thickness, which has a top, according to Figure 1, flat end face 22.
• the magazine, which is substantially plate-shaped, on its flat face 22 has a recess 200 with a bottom 202, which may also be flat, as shown in Figure 14, to a portion of a cavity for receiving the bristle carrier 10 form.
• a magazine circulating mode is present in the device, whereby numerous identically designed magazines 20 are successively clocked by the individual stations.
• the magazine 20 is thus a transport means for bristle tufts 24 through the device.
• the magazine may be stationary and the individual stations are clocked around the magazine, for example on a carousel.
• several stationary magazines can be processed, more precisely the bristle tufts arranged in the magazines.
• the magazine 20 has numerous receiving openings 26 which have a hole pattern which corresponds to the hole pattern of the bristle carrier 10.
• Each bristle tufts 24 consists of several bristles which are separated from a bristle supply and, as shown in FIG. 1a, are inserted into the magazine 20, for example via pins, as will be explained later.
• the individual bristle tufts 24 can be transported by means of pipes with compressed air or vacuum.
• the bristles are made of a thermoplastic material, in particular PA, PBT, polyester, copolyester or polypropylene, but they may also consist of elastomers.
• coextruded bristles for example with a core of PA with elastomer coating. As will be explained later with reference to FIGS.
• bristle tufts 24 it is not absolutely necessary that exclusively bristle tufts 24 be inserted and embedded in the anchoring opening, but only a singular, prefabricated bristle in the form of an elastomeric cleaning element, for example its anchoring opening according to the above-mentioned and subsequently described method used and fixed.
• cleaning elements are sprayed or foamed separately and are softer than the bristle carrier 10.
• the bristle tufts 24 have opposite ends and protrude with their rear ends 28, called attachment ends, something out of the magazine 20, so they are opposite the front page 22 something before. This is shown in FIG. 1 b.
• the magazine 20, which is completely equipped with the bristle tufts 24, is transported laterally into the melting station 16, as shown in Figure 1c.
• a heater 30 is provided, which may be, for example, a plate heater or a hot air heater.
• the back ends 28 of the bristle tufts 24 are heated without contact, so that the individual bristles exceed their melting temperature and the bristles of a tuft merge together to form a thickened attachment end.
• the bristles of a bristle tufts 24 are thus integrally connected to each other.
• the thickening 32 of a bristle tufts 24 does not pass into adjacent thickenings of the adjacent bristle tufts 24, but remain spherical or lenticular thickenings.
• a plurality of bristle tufts 24 can be anchored, wherein at least one bristle tufts 24 made of bristles of a different material with a different melting temperature than the bristles of at least one other bristle tufts 24.
• the different ones Bristle materials existing bristle tufts 24 are heated to different degrees in order to merge each of the bristles of a tuft to form a thickened attachment end.
• the distance between the end of the bristle tufts 24 facing a heating device 30 and the heating device 30 is set differently depending on the bristle material and / or the heating device 30 is heated to different temperatures and / or different depending on the bristle material heaters 30, heated to different temperatures, tuned to the associated bristle material are used.
• the bristle tufts are pushed out of the magazine 20 at different distances.
• Those bristle tufts 24 of lighter melting material remain e.g. closer to the magazine 20 than the others, so that the more advanced bristle tufts 24 get closer to the heater 30 than the others and are therefore more heated.
• the bristle tufts 24 can also be processed one after the other by the bristle tufts 24 having different bristle materials being successively pushed out of the magazine with their attachment end, in order then to come closer to the heating device 30. Either the heater 30 is then heated to two suitable, different temperatures, or different hot heaters 30 are used for their respective associated bristle tufts.
• the thickenings 32 can be actively cooled. This takes place, for example, by means of a cold air stream 214 brought in via a fan (see FIG. 1d) or in that the station 1d is designed as a cold chamber through which the magazine 20 is passed with the still soft thickenings 32 on the back. By cooling the thickenings 32, the cycle time can be increased.
• the magazine 20 transports the bristle tufts 24 further into the subsequent anchoring station 18.
• This anchoring station ensures that the bristle tufts 24 are arrested in the anchoring openings 12 of the bristle carrier 10 exclusively in a permanent manner.
• the anchoring station 18 comprises at least one holder 34 (preferably a plurality of holders 34) which has on its front side 22 opposite end face 36 (see FIG. 2) a recess 38 (with several bristle carriers 10 to be accommodated a plurality of recesses) which are complementary to the corresponding shape of the bristle carrier 10 is formed so that it rests flat with its back on the holder 34 (see also Figure 14).
• the holder 34 itself has a flat end face 36 opposite which, however, the bristle carrier 10 protrudes somewhat, as shown in FIG. 2, in order to project into the recess 200 complementary to the area of the front side of the bristle carrier 10 in the magazine 20, as shown for example in FIG ,
• the magazine 20 is heated, for example, either by an externally supplied plate heating, which is moved laterally in the anchoring station 18 to the magazine 20 and this, since the magazine 20 is made of metal, can heat up quickly.
• a heater in particular an electrical resistance heater 39 is formed, which is shown in Figure 2 and in Figure 14.
• the Schuwindungen are symbolically indicated, they are close to the end face 22 and at a recess 200 near the bottom 202 of the recess 200, which is part of the end face 22.
• Electrical connection contacts 41 for example sliding contacts on a side surface of the magazine 20, make it possible to electrically couple the magazine 20 when the magazine 20 is driven into the anchoring station 18 in order to activate the heater 39.
• the End face 22 including the bottom 202 of the recess 200 itself represents an electrical resistance heating, so that here the front side is heated directly.
• the electrical connection for the heater is very easy to implement, it can be permanently formed.
• the heater 39 ensures that preferably the entire end face 22, which comes into contact with the bristle carrier 10, is heated, that is to say also the sections between the thickenings 32.
• the temperature at which the end face 22 (in the region of the contact with the bristle carrier 10) is brought thereby, is below the melting temperature of the bristle and / or the bristle carrier material, preferably both materials. In particular, it is at most 85% calculated in ° C of the respective melting temperature of these materials. If, for example, both materials have a melting temperature of 100 ° C., then the temperature of the finally heated magazine 20 at the end face 22 is at most 85 ° C.
• FIG. 3 shows a sectional view through the anchoring station 18 in FIG. 1 e, before the magazine 20 and the bristle carrier 10 are moved toward one another.
• the thickening 32 has such a dimension, seen in the longitudinal direction A (also called axial direction or feed direction) that it is smaller than the corresponding cross-section of the anchoring opening 12, so that they, without the inside edge of the anchoring opening 12, also inside 40 of the anchoring opening called bounding wall, abut or contact the inside 40, can be inserted into the anchoring opening 12.
• the cylindrical anchoring opening 12 at this time only an oversize of at most 0.2 mm, in particular a maximum of 0.15 mm from the largest cross section of the thickening 32 (attachment end).
• the magazine 20 and / or the holder 34 which are permanently heated, ie heated to the desired temperature during the entire operation, are moved relative to one another, in the present case only the holder 34 is moved with the bristle carrier 10, so that first the thickening 32 into the anchoring opening 12 passes before the end face 22 contacts the facing flat front and front side 42 of the bristle carrier 10.
• a base plate 44 (see FIG.
• the base plate 44 serves as a support for the individual bristles and for the bristle tufts 24.
• FIG. 4 shows that the end face 22 contacts the front side 42 of the bristle carrier 10 and thus heats the bristle carrier 10 over the entire contact area between the two parts.
• the bristle carrier 10 is made of thermoplastic material, in particular of the plastics already mentioned above, such as polypropylene, ABS, PA, PBT, PET or PC.
• This pressure is already applied from the first contact of bristle carrier 10 and magazine 20 and remains the same over the contact time (contact time).
• This pressure is maintained with simultaneous heating of the bristle carrier 10 over a contact time of at least 4 seconds, in particular at least 5 seconds and a maximum of 15 seconds, in particular a maximum of 10 seconds.
• the contact time is composed of a holding time and a period of time (called compression time) during the feed movement, which starts when the front side 42 from the magazine 20 and at the same time Back of the bristle carrier 10 is contacted by the holder 34.
• the compression time ends when the maximum retracted position is reached and the distance between the holder and tool part for the holding time is kept constant.
• the holding time is the time in which the feed movement is completed, ie the device is completely closed, and the bristle carrier 10 is received in the closed cavity.
• This holding time is preferably at least 1 second, preferably at least 1.5 seconds and / or a maximum of 3 seconds, in particular a maximum of 2.5 seconds.
• the distance of the holder to the tool part is reduced extremely slowly and at a constant speed. For example, a total compression distance of 0.3 mm is covered in no more than 3 seconds.
• the magazine 20 is preferably still heated, and under certain circumstances, the large mass of the magazine 20 would also allow it to stop the heating after the first heating to the operating temperature. Nevertheless, a heating of the bristle carrier 10 would continue to take place during the contact time.
• the device is driven in particular to block, ie, the holder 34 contacted outside the cavity formed by the recess 38 and the recess 200 with an end face 36 (see Figure 14) the portion of the end face 22 outside the recess 200.
• this contact area is no Gap provided, could penetrate into the cavity of material, but the cavity is sealed by a circular peripheral contact area.
• the parting plane between the holder 34 and the tool part (here magazine 20) defined by the end face 36 is preferably closer to the front side 42 than the back side of the bristle carrier 10. Specifically, the parting plane is just or immediately adjacent to a rounded transition between the side surface 212 connecting the front 42 and the back.
• the support in the form of the base plate 44 is removed at least during the last phase of application of the compressive force, ie at the end of the contact time and no longer contacts the bristles. This improves the alignment accuracy of the bristles both relative to each other and relative to the bristle carrier 10.
• the base plate 44 is already removed before the start of the holding time or even before the exposure time, as shown symbolically in the figures 3-5 with the arrow Y.
• the base plate 44 is used only in the station c) and optionally d) according to FIG.
• the cross-section of the receiving opening 26 and the cross section of the bristle tufts 24 inserted therein are coordinated so that the bristle tufts 24 are clamped in the receiving opening 26 and thus axially is safely positioned. Due to its own weight or inertia during the movement within the stations and from station to station, the bristle tufts 24 are not displaced.
• the entire flat front side, at least where contact with the magazine 20 is present on the front side 42 of the bristle carrier 10, is heated. If the magazine 20 has a recess 200, it is sufficient and it is advantageous if only in the region of the bottom 202 of the recess 200, the heater is mounted. However, after the magazine 20 is usually made of steel, the entire magazine 20 is heated. The temperatures that are set, however, is to bring the front side 42 of the bristle carrier 10 to the desired temperature.
• the temperature to which the bristle carrier is heated in the region of the front side 42 during the exposure time is below the melting temperature of the bristle and / or bristle carrier material, in particular at or lower than 85% of the respective melting temperature, calculated in ° C. This corresponds to this temperature the aforementioned maximum operating temperature of the magazine 20 in the region of the end face 22 and the bottom 202th Alternatively, at least the edge 50 of the anchoring opening 12 in the region of the front side 42 can be heated, which forms the region of the wall of the anchoring opening 12 which adjoins the front 42 at the mouth.
• the temperature to which the bristle carrier 10 is brought at least in the region of the edge 50, preferably in the entire contact area with the magazine should not only be below or significantly below the melting temperature of the materials, but in a range of glass transition temperature of the bristle carrier material.
• extremely high pressure e.g. Above 600 bar, it would be possible to heat the bristle carrier 10 in the region of the front side 42, at least in the region of the edge 50, only to a temperature which is above a limit temperature, which 60% in ° C, especially 80% in ° C is the glass transition temperature of the bristle carrier material, if the bristle carrier material has a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 300 ° K.
• this limit temperature is preferably at or minimally above the glass transition temperature.
• the heating temperature is not more than 50% above the glass transition temperature in ° K calculated.
• Another variant provides that the heating of at least the edge 50 of the front side 42, in particular the entire contact surface of the bristle carrier 10 in the region of the front side 42 is heated to a temperature which is at least 30 ° C above the ambient temperature, in particular before the inside 40th inside the anchoring opening 12 is heated above the ambient temperature by the magazine 20.
• the magazine 20 has no projections or the like, with which it would protrude into the anchoring opening 12, since it has a flat end face 22 and a flat bottom 202 in the region of the front 42.
• the bristle carrier 10 When applying pressure and temperature to the bristle carrier material, the bristle carrier 10 is optionally even deformed over the whole area in the region of the front side 42.
• the material wants to dodge and thus migrates into the anchoring openings 12 in the region of the mouth and constricts them.
• the entire thickness D and thus the maximum thickness of the bristle carrier 10 in the region of the mouth of the anchoring opening 12 to the front side 42 can be reduced in a lasting manner.
• the result is a kind of bead or constriction, which engages behind the thickened attachment end in the extension direction and thus secures the bristle tufts 24.
• Adhesion between the thickened attachment end and the wall of the anchoring opening 12 does not occur.
• the reshaping of the edge does not have to be extreme. It has been found that with toothbrushes, for example, it is sufficient to reduce the cross-section of the anchoring opening 12 with the original width or the original diameter D3 in the region of the edge 218 (see FIG. 5A) only to a width or an inner diameter D1 the difference between the width or the diameter D2 of the thickest point of the thickening 32 (relative to the respective cross-sectional plane) to the width or the diameter D1 in the region of the edge 218 is only about 0.1-0.5 mm.
• the thickening 32 has a lower dimension than the still undeformed anchoring opening 12 during insertion (i.e., D2 is smaller than D3).
• the thickening 32 may be, for example, that there is a minimum lateral offset of the thickening 32 to the anchoring opening 12, although the thickening 32 has an undersize and a circumferential gap between the thickening at the thickest point and the inside of the anchoring opening 12 should be present. Due to the offset, the thickening on insertion into the anchoring opening 12 on one side can come into contact with the wall of the anchoring opening. It may be useful in this context that the material of the thickening is not solidified to the very inside when the thickening 32 is inserted into the anchoring opening.
• the thickening 32 in not yet solidified state in the anchoring opening 12, it is also possible to generally use a thickening 32, which is formed with an excess relative to the cross section of the anchoring opening 12, ie D2 the same size D3.
• the space formed by the anchoring opening 12 and defined outwardly by the constricted edge 218 for accommodating the thickening 32 is exaggerated, just as the thickening 32 is exaggerated relative to the diameter D1.
• the thickening should contact the ground 208 to precisely define the axial position of the bristle tufts.
• the bristle tufts 24 are densified with respect to their condition in the magazine 20 by the narrowing and constriction of the edge 218 by at least 3%, in particular at least 5%.
• the cross-sectional area of the receiving opening in the magazine is compared with the cross-sectional area of the edge 218 at its narrowest point.
• All anchoring openings 12 are simultaneously closed by the illustrated device and the corresponding method and thus anchored all bristle tufts 24 in the bristle carrier 10 at the same time.
• not the entire anchoring opening is formed, but only up to a certain depth t, which corresponds to a maximum of 85%, in particular 70% of the total depth T of the anchoring opening 12 and / or an axial extent of 0.5-1, 3 mm, in particular 0.6-1, 0 mm.
• the thickening 32 itself is preferably clamped only in the axial direction over a maximum of 50% of its total axial length in the anchoring opening. The rest of the clamping takes place in the region of the bristles emanating from the thickening 32.
• the wall of the anchoring opening 12 is not deformed over a depth Z (see Figure 5A) of at least 0.8 mm, starting from the bottom 208 and / or does not pinch the thickening 32 and the bristles in this area.
• the depth T of the anchoring opening after the production of the brush is a maximum of 4 mm, in particular a maximum of 2.7 mm. All anchoring openings 12 are blind holes, so that the bristle carrier 10 does not have to be covered on the back, since no parts of the bristle tufts are visible or protrude on this side.
• the anchoring thus created is the only anchorage for the bristle carrier, no metal anchor or metal wire is necessary. It should be emphasized in general that this does not only refer to the illustrated embodiments, that the bristle carrier 10 should not be brought close to its melting temperature, but from this clearly removed close to the glass transition temperature. In particular, the heating temperature and thus also the temperature at the magazine 20 in the region of the end face 22 and the bristle carrier 10 should not be more than 15% higher than the glass transition temperature of the bristle carrier material and / or the bristle material.
• the front side 42 is heated during forming to a temperature of 75-95 ° C., in particular 80-90 ° C., with PP to a temperature of 105-125 ° C., in particular 1 ⁇ 10. 120 ° C.
• the PP is chosen in particular so that it has a melt flow index (MFI) of 6-35, preferably 10-15 in the initial state.
• An embodiment of the invention provides that the end face 22 and thus the bristle carrier 10 are heated to a maximum temperature of 140 ° C, in particular a maximum of 130 ° C, preferably in the range of 100 to 1 15 ° C heated.
• a maximum temperature of 140 ° C in particular a maximum of 130 ° C, preferably in the range of 100 to 1 15 ° C heated.
• materials in particular polypropylene, PET, ABS, copolyester and SAN are used for the bristle carrier here.
• the rear side 206 of the bristle carrier 10 and the area extending from the rear side 206 to at least the bottom 208 of the anchoring openings 12 (preferably even further towards the front side 42) should not be deformed.
• the holder 34 may be provided with an active cooling. In FIGS. 3 and 14, this cooling is symbolized by cooling channels 210 through which cooling liquid flows.
• the cooling channels 210 are connected to a cooling water circuit which pumps cold water, preferably of less than 20 °, in particular even less than 10 ° C., through the holder 34.
• the rear side 206 thus becomes a maximum of 25 ° C during the application of the compressive force.
• the side surface 212 (see FIG. 14) of the bristle carrier 10 connecting the front side 42 and the back side 206 can also be sufficiently cooled in the holder 34 so that it does not become deformed and remains below the corresponding temperature beyond which deformation and deformation would take place , After the predetermined exposure time, the holder 34 and the magazine 20 are moved apart again so that the bristle tufts 24 are pulled out of their receiving openings 26. A post-processing in the form of a different shape for the bristle carrier 10 is not required.
• the moving apart is preferably not in one piece, but it is built a rest phase in the process of moving apart.
• tool part ie magazine 20, and holder 34 are minimally removed from each other, so that between the front 42 and the top of the tool part, that is, the magazine 20, a small ventilation gap 228 (see Figure 5A) of greater than or equal to 0.5 mm results.
• this predetermined ventilation gap 228 is reached in its height, the distance for the resting phase, which is at least 1 second, in particular at least 1.5 seconds, preferably remains constant.
• cooling air can also be blown in to the front side of the bristle carrier 10 via the ventilation gap 228 in order to cool the front side.
• the bristles remain in the receiving opening 26, as shown in FIG. 5A.
• the deformed area of the anchoring opening stabilizes, so that the bristles of a tuft parallel to each other and evenly directed.
• the device After the resting phase, the device is moved apart so that the finished bristle carrier can be removed.
• the device In order to precisely control the corresponding movements and temperatures, the device has a controller 51, by means of which not only the heating temperature but also the pressure applied and the movements are controlled.
• the heater 30 can be controlled via the same controller 51.
• the bristle carrier material is a material such as certain types of polypropylene in which the glass transition temperature is not above the ambient temperature
• heating of the bristle carrier may be dispensed with, but this need not necessarily be the case.
• a minimum heating may be advantageous just above the glass transition temperature, but again well below the melting temperature.
• the anchoring openings 12 are closed exclusively by applying the aforementioned pressure over the aforementioned exposure time. It is possible to use magazines 20 without heating or the same magazines with heating, the heater is simply not activated. Regardless of the bristle carrier material applies: During the delivery movement of
• Magazine 20 relative to the holder 34 and thus the bristle carrier 10 (the relative movement of the parts is called, one or both of these parts can in the direction moved to the other part) can be a pressure and time-controlled feed movement and / or a pressure and path-controlled feed movement advantageous.
• the edge 50 or the entire front side 42 is heated to a temperature which is above a limit temperature.
• This limit temperature is 60%, in particular 80% below the glass transition temperature of the bristle carrier material, determined in ° C when the bristle carrier material has a glass transition temperature of about 300 ° K.
• the limit temperature is preferably at a glass transition temperature, at most up to 20% above the glass transition temperature in ° C.
• the feed movement takes place at a constant, low speed, when the bristle carrier front and back contacted and thus axially compressed, and the magazine 20 and the holder 34 are driven on each block.
• the loading of the magazine 20 can either be carried out directly via a bristle separator, as in FIG. 1 a, or via another variant, which is shown in FIG.
• a bristle separator as in FIG. 1 a
• FIG. 1 a first a cassette 60 is filled with numerous receiving openings with bristle tufts. About this cassette, the isolated bristle tufts can then be stored until they are finally pressed, for example, via movable pins 62 in the magazine 20 directly.
• the oblique transport openings 66 has for moving through them bristle tufts 24. It is also possible, via converging transport openings 66, as shown on the left in FIG. 6, to combine a plurality of bristle tufts 24 into a larger bristle tuft. For example, if the brush should contain different thickness bristle tufts.
• the magazine may have inclined receiving openings 26, because there are brushes in which the bristle tufts are not perpendicular to the front 42 and thus cylindrical, but are arranged obliquely to her. Again, however, the anchorage is as shown in the figures.
• the anchoring openings 12 for such obliquely directed bristle tufts 24 may be made slightly oblique or conical or conical only in the region of the inclined on them side of the tufts 24, as shown in Figure 7. This means that the receiving opening 26 may have differently inclined edge portions.
• an edge portion 80 of the anchoring opening 12 running obliquely, in particular parallel to the oblique receiving openings 26, and an edge portion 81 lying opposite thereto are provided.
• the edge portion 81 is perpendicular to the front side of the bristle carrier 10.
• the edge portion 81 also also obliquely, possibly in a different slope than the edge portion 80, as shown in broken lines.
• FIG. 8 shows an anchoring opening which has an edge section 80 which runs obliquely to its front side 42, which is opposite the tool part, in its interior.
• the bristle carrier has before the application of the bristle carrier by the tool part at the front edge 50 in the region of the oblique edge portion 80 and opposite of this at the edge portion 81 opposite the front 42 in the direction of the tool part projecting, closed circumferential extension 82 and otherwise a flat front 42nd
• the extension 82 serves to provide material which, during forming, closes the mouth of the anchoring opening 12 and holds the bristle tufts 24 in the anchoring opening 12 at an angle.
• the edge portion 81 may not only extend at right angles to the front of the bristle carrier 10, but obliquely thereto, as also shown with broken lines.
• extension 82 is formed directly on the edge 50, which forms on the front side 42 the transition to the inside (also called internal edge). For reasons of clarity, the extension 82 is not shown in the previous figures. Details of the extension 82 will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 16-24. These options and details given later are also expressly applicable or present to the embodiments already described and described below.
• the anchoring openings 12 of which only a few are provided with reference numerals for the sake of clarity, have an edge 50 on the flat front side 12, which is formed by a closed circumferential extension 82.
• This extension 82 is already produced during the injection molding of the bristle carrier 10.
• all the anchoring openings 12 have their own, closed circumferential extension 82, optionally only some of the anchoring openings 12 may be provided with such an extension 82.
• the cross-sectional areas may be different or identical from extension 82 to extension 82. This is mainly due to the volume, which is to be made available by the material of the extension 82 to close anchoring opening 12 in the region of the edge 50. This will be explained in more detail below with reference to the following figures, in particular to FIGS. 18-22.
• the goal to be achieved by the projections 82 is to provide as much material as possible, which is necessary for the closure of the anchoring opening 12 in the region of the edge 50.
• FIG. 18 an example is shown.
• the bristle tufts 24 (here perpendicular to the front side 42) are inserted into their associated anchoring openings 12.
• the volume of a circumferential extension 82 is calculated from a fictitious plane from which rests on the front 42.
• they are hatched differently than the rest of the bristle carrier 10, which is incorrect in terms of character, but serves to simplify the illustration of the difference between the extensions 82 and the remainder of the bristle carrier 10.
• the volume of a circumferential extension 82 is in the range of 60% -110% of the theoretical volume V, which results from the product of the depth T and an annular surface R.
• the depth T is measured from the front side 42 and the previously mentioned notional plane and the beginning 277 of the thickened attachment end 32.
• the annular surface R results between the inner side 40 of the associated anchoring opening 12 and the outer side of either the singular bristle (see FIG. 12) or the so-called envelope of the bristle tuft 24.
• FIG. 23 shows a section through the bristle carrier 10 in a sectional plane parallel to the front side 42.
• FIG. 23 also shows the annular surface R.
• both the front side 42 and the respective extension 82 are heated, as already explained above.
• the material which is pressed inwards in accordance with FIG. 5A in order to close the anchoring opening 12 in the region of the transition of the inner side 40 to the front side 12 is partially provided by the extension 82.
• a portion of the material of the appendage 82 may or may be pressed inwardly against underlying material beneath the plane of the obverse adjacent the inner surface 40, so that this material is also pushed inwards, and contributes to closing the anchoring opening 12.
• the thickness D of the bristle carrier 10 is slightly reduced by the deformation.
• the extension 82 of the left anchoring opening 12 merges integrally into the extension of the central anchoring opening 12. That is, in this common portion 182, a portion of the total volume of this common portion 182 of the left anchor opening 12 and another portion of the center anchor opening 12 is computationally struck when determining the volume of the extension 82 for each anchor opening 12.
• the common section 182 is theoretically divided.
• an elongate anchoring opening 12 is shown, with opposite elongate side portions 281 and opposite shorter side portions 283 alternating and complementary.
• the closed circumferential extension 82 has different cross-sectional areas, which are formed by the extension 82, for example, on its circumference has different heights, which are measured perpendicular to the plane of the front 42.
• the cross-sectional area of the extension 82 is larger and / or wider than along the shorter side portions 283, corresponding to the height / width along the side portions 281 being greater than along the side portions 283.
• the bristle or bristle tufts 24 are inserted obliquely to the front side 42 into the anchoring opening 12 (see FIG. 20) and also anchored obliquely therein (see FIG. 21). Due to the inclination, the annular space around the bristle tufts 24 in the anchoring opening 12 above the thickened attachment end 32 is non-uniform in cross section. As can be seen in Figure 20, this annular space is smaller than the opposite space in the region of the portion of the inner side 40 to which the bristle tufts 24 are closer and obliquely facing. The extension 82 is adapted to this uneven space.
• the extension 82 has a smaller cross-sectional area on the side close to the bristle or bristle tufts (in FIG. 20, to the right of the bristle tufts 24) than on the opposite side (in FIG. 20, to the left of the bristle tufts 24).
• the cross-sectional area can be changed by changing the height and / or
• the annular surface R is determined here in the region of the axial center of the depth T in order to take into account the trapezoidal shape of the annular space.
• the bristle carrier 10 in FIGS. 9 and 10 is produced in an injection molding mold with injection mold halves 100 and 102 in a spraying station belonging to the device according to the invention. This spraying station is connected upstream of the previously described station for stuffing the bristle carrier 10 in time and / or space, as already described above. The spray station forms a bristle carrier spray device.
• the injection mold halves 100 and 102 form therebetween a cavity 104 into which liquid plastic is injected to produce the bristle carrier 10.
• the injection mold half 100 While in previously used spray stations, the injection mold half 100 was provided with pin-shaped, active sliders that protrude through the injection mold half 100 into the cavity 104 and pulled out before opening the injection mold, this variant provides a much simpler solution. Namely, one or more integrally molded pins 106 of any desired cross-section are immovably attached to the injection mold half 100 and project freely into the cavity 104. These pins 106 then create the anchoring apertures 12. The depth of the anchoring apertures 12 is significantly less than previously manufactured bristle carriers stuffed with anchor technology. In the case of a one-piece injection mold half in which a part defines the entire inside of the cavity, the half-mold half is referred to as a half-mold half mold.
• the bottom of the injection mold half 100 may have a movable insert 107 (see Fig. 10) on which the pins 106 are seated, to which they are, for example, integrally mounted.
• the insert 107 preferably has all the pins 106 which are necessary for the production of anchoring openings 12. After injection, the insert 107 is pulled down into a recess in the injection mold half for ease of removal, so that the pins 106 are pulled out of the sprayed anchoring holes 12, whereby the subsequent ejection or removal of the bristle carrier 10 is simplified.
• the injection mold half 100 comprises a first injection mold half part 101, which defines the entire lower mold half 100 except for the region of the insert.
• the injection mold half 100 comprises the insert 107 which is received in the first part 101 in an opening 107 complementary to the insert 107 and forms a second injection mold half part.
• the insert 107 is movably supported in the direction of the tuft carrier and away from the tuft carrier relative to the first part 101 of the injection mold half 100. Between the first part 101 and the insert 107 preferably no gap is provided into which the liquid plastic can penetrate.
• FIG. 10 it can be seen on the right-hand pin 106 that it can be used to produce obliquely extending openings 12 such as those shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, since the pin 106 has at least one obliquely to the adjustment direction of the insert 107 (see double-headed arrow in FIG 10) has extending edge portion.
• the insert 107 preferably defines the entire area of the front of the brush head. Through the insert 107 can be produced without great effort brushes, which have the same bristle carrier 10, but have a different hole pattern and a different pattern of bristle tufts.
• FIG. 24 shows an embodiment of the injection mold half 100 according to the invention or, alternatively, the insert 107, that is to say an injection mold half part.
• the pin 106 protrudes from the flat bottom surface 109, which is responsible for the formation of the front 42.
• a closed circumferential groove 11 1 is provided, which is necessary for the production of the extension 82.
• the cross section of the groove 11 has sections of different width along the circumference, for example to produce the extension 82 according to FIG.
• more closely spaced pins 106 may each have a groove 111 with adjacent notes 11 1 merging to create the common portions of adjacent extensions 82.
• the groove 1 1 1 may have the same depth along the circumference, as shown in Figure 24, or sections with different depths, for example to produce an extension with sections of different heights, as explained with reference to FIG. 17.
• FIG. 9 shows various variants of how the bristle carrier 10 can be designed. Not only can circular or oval anchoring openings 12 be provided, but any shapes can be designed. For example, elongate openings can be realized, X-shaped, C-shaped or any other designed anchoring openings.
• These large anchoring openings are equipped with bristle tufts, which are composed of several, isolated bristle tufts, which are connected by melting their ends to form a large bristle tufts. Such large bristle tufts provide a corresponding wall-shaped bristle structure.
• the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention can be used not only with a plurality of bristle tufts but also only with a bristle tuft, for example for producing a brush, and for fastening only one or only individual bristles in a bristle carrier.
• the anchoring openings 12 must therefore generally not necessarily serve only for receiving and fixing bristle tufts, but can be prefabricated, made of any elastomeric plastics, singular bristles of any shape exactly as previously described in connection with bristle tufts record and fix. These bristles may have a plate-like shape and may, for example, be introduced into the elongated anchoring openings 12 and embedded therein by reshaping the edge of the anchoring openings 12.
• a cross-sectionally C-shaped, pre-sprayed cleaning element is used as a singular bristle.
• bristle tufts 24 consisting of numerous bristles 24 'in the bristle carrier 10 can be used.
• the singular bristles 24 ' may be e.g. also be positioned in the middle of a field of bristle tufts 24 or vice versa, single or multiple bristle tufts 24 surrounded.
• bristle tufts can also be used for singular, large bristles.
• the singular bristle may also have an anchoring end 32 from which the elongate remainder projects angled so that it can be inserted into a cylindrical anchoring opening 12 as shown in FIG. 4, but with the bristle outside the anchoring opening 12 sloping.
• the singular, separately produced bristle 24 'or bristles 24' is or are preferably fixed simultaneously with the bristle tufts 24 by reshaping the corresponding edges of the anchoring openings 12 in the bristle carrier 0.
• different pressures and / or temperatures can also be applied by the heated tool part (s) because the bristles or bristle tufts are made of different materials.
• elastomeric cleaning elements 108 may be injection-molded, for example, on the edge of the bristle carrier 10. These cleaning elements 108 are not prefabricated, but they are also front side opposite the bristle carrier 10 and are used for massage of the gums.
• the bristle carrier 10 may for this purpose, for example, at the edge holes or edge-side recesses possess, in which the cleaning elements 108 are injected.
• the back side of the bristle carrier 10 can be overmoulded with a softer plastic. In the latter case, it is advisable that the cleaning elements 108 integrally merge into the back layer of softer plastic.
• this back layer of softer plastic can also form a kind of frame around the harder plastic of the bristle carrier 10, for example, to act as a damper.
• a further variant consists in that the bristle carrier 10, in this case the head of the toothbrush, is coupled to the neck of the brush body via a hinge 10 made of softer plastic.
• the bristle carrier can be a small plate as a part of the subsequent brush body or the entire brush body.
• the bristle carrier may also be a multi-component injection molded part, which then already forms the finished brush body when the bristles are finally embedded.
• the injection station can also be designed as a multi-component injection station, or several injection stations can be provided, between which then lies the station in which the bristles are anchored.
• the cleaning elements 108 and / or the singular, prefabricated and in their cross-sectional shape arbitrary bristles of elastomeric material preferably extend forward at least as far as the bristle tufts, but they may also be beyond this or be shorter than this.
• bristle tufts 24 are inserted with its thickening 32 at the attachment end in the anchoring opening 12 and anchored therein by forming the edge, but that singular, prefabricated bristles 24 '(arbitrary shape both in Side view as well as seen in cross-section) can be anchored anchorless in the bristle carrier by the aforementioned method and the aforementioned device.
• the bristles 24 ' are injection molded from an elastomeric material, in particular TPE.
• the bristles 24 ' have in their protruding from the bristle carrier 10 section a maximum wall thickness d (measured in cross section), which is greater than 0.6 mm, in particular greater than 0.9 mm. Furthermore, the prefabricated bristles 24 'may or should be a thickened one
• the attachment ends 32 ' are, for example, flat cylinders whose shape is adapted to the shape of the anchoring opening 12. However, the outer dimensions of the respective attachment end 32 'are matched to the cross-section of the anchor opening 12 such that upon insertion there is a lateral gap between the attachment end 32' and the wall of the anchor opening 12 before the reshaping takes place.
• the attachment end 32 ' may be of a different material, particularly a harder material than the remainder of the bristle 24'.
• An example would be an attachment end 32 'made of polypropylene.
• only one core of the bristle 24 ' may be made of a harder material which is then overmolded with a softer material.
• a disc made of harder material would be conceivable, which forms the entire or a core of the attachment end 32 '.
• the disk 112 forming the core could have an extension 1 14 formed integrally thereon, which projects into the part of the bristle 24 'which will lie outside the bristle carrier 10.
• the variant of a bristle 24 'shown on the right in FIG. 12 is formed with a fastening end 32' made of a hard plastic and a section 1 18 molded onto it made of a softer plastic.
• the singular bristles 24 'shown in Figure 12 are tapered, which is not meant to be limiting.
• elastomeric areas which are wider than the rest of the bristle carrier 10, are often sprayed on the back of the bristle carrier to act as tongue cleaners, as shown in FIG.
• the elastomer 232 may have knobs or ribs.
• the recess 38 in the holder 34 is formed in the region of the outer surface of the elastomer 232 complementary to the shape of the elastomer 232 in the uncompressed state.
• the volume allowed for the elastomer 232 for the compressed state (closed state of the device, see Figure 15) is lower than in the unloaded state. That is, the height allowed to the elastomer 232 is reduced to the compression below the desired pressure.
• FIG. 13 shows a complete device with various stations. It should be emphasized that the device according to the invention does not have to have all the stations which are explained below.
• bristles or bristle tufts are separated and transported on.
• the left picture shows a so-called fiber box 120, from which finished bristles, which may be mechanically or chemically sharpened, are taken through a tuft singler 122 in tufts.
• These bristle tufts 24 are about a transport device to a
• Station B transported in the bristle tufts 24 then possibly already transferred to the final tuft geometry and in the hole pattern of the subsequent brush.
• the bristle tufts 24 are inserted into a first intermediate magazine 124, in particular in the form of a plate. About the intermediate magazine 124, the bristle tufts 24 are then pushed by means of plunger 126 under certain circumstances in another plate 128, in which optionally Forming or deflection openings 130 or openings 132 for merging a plurality of bristle tufts 24 to a common larger bristle tufts or for obliquely aligning bristle tufts 24 are present.
• the bristle tufts 24 are then pushed further into the magazine 20.
• the hole geometry of the later brush is then preferably realized, but this need not necessarily be the case, as will be explained later.
• the plate 128 and / or the intermediate magazine 124 can also be omitted, so that the bristle tufts 24 are transported directly into the magazine 20. All this depends on the desired final tuft layer or tuft geometry and the hole pattern of the finished brush.
• the transport of the bristle tufts 24 after separation can take place mechanically via slides or the tappets 126 shown in FIG. 2 into the first intermediate magazine 124 and / or the magazine 20 in station B.
• station A as a further alternative in the second image from the left, it is shown that the separated bristle tufts are conveyed into the intermediate magazine 124 or the magazine 20 via tubes or hoses 134, in which an overpressure or a negative pressure is applied. No matter which transport means is used for the bristle tufts, which can be fed one after the other, in groups one after the other or all at the same time and / or inserted into the magazine 20.
• a third alternative in station A shows a wound string 136 of parallel filaments.
• the strand 136 is wound on a roll 138 and is continuously unwound from it.
• the end of the strand 136 is inserted into openings in an intermediate magazine 124 or the magazine 20 and then cut. After cutting off the ends of the strand, cut bristle tufts 24 are produced.
• the coil or the end of the strand received in a movable guide is relative to the magazine 20 or intermediate magazine 124 or, on the other hand, the magazine 20 / intermediate magazine 124 to be relative moved to the end of the strand, so that all the openings in the magazine 20 or Intermediate magazine 124 are filled one after the other.
• Station C is a so-called profiling station.
• Bristle tufts 24 are axially displaced so that the later ends of the tufts with which they are brushed lie in one plane or, more generally, end in a predetermined, arbitrary surface.
• a waveform is predetermined, so a stop plate 140 with a complementary waveform is spaced from the magazine 20.
• the bristle tufts 24 are then pressed down by a pressure plate 142, which preferably has a complementary shape to the surface of the stop plate 140, until all tufts abut the stop plate 140.
• station C may also be dispensed with if the desired profile can already be reached in station B by suitable plungers 126 of different lengths or lengths.
• the two variants can also be mixed together by a so-called pre-profiling in station B by differently long plunger 126 and then a fine profiling in station C by the stop plate 140.
• Station D is a cutting station where the trailing ends of the bristle tufts are cut off to achieve optimal melting of the tufts in the subsequent station.
• the bristle tufts 24, which protrude differently far from the magazine 20 at the rear, are cut off mechanically by means of a knife 144 or thermally with a hot wire 146 relatively close to the magazine 20.
• the Magazine 20 also act as a counter knife. In this case, the bristle tufts 24 after cutting off a little pushed back from the magazine 20 so that they withstand something over them.
• station D can be dispensed with if the tufts already protrude evenly to the rear of the magazine 20 after station B or C. This is especially the case when the front tufts ends are to end in a plane.
• the overhanging portion of bristle tufts 24 is then melted in station E so that all the filaments of a tuft are bonded together through the then mushroom-shaped, thickened tuft end.
• the thickness of the tuft ends is controlled by the amount of filament material that projects rearward of the magazine 20. This also allows the geometry of the tuft end set.
• Melting may be accomplished by a heated plunger 148 that may touch or be spaced from the tufts so that radiant heat (particularly infrared light) causes the filaments to melt.
• a fusion can also be achieved with hot air. It is important that only a single, associated thickening is generated for the bristle tufts formed, because only those filaments are to be connected to each other by the fusion, which should also be fixed later in the same anchoring opening.
• a cooling of the thickenings 32 take place here, as explained above.
• the bristle tufts with their thickened attachment ends are pushed ahead into the anchoring openings 12 of the bristle carrier 10 and, as already explained in detail, are pressed therein. This insertion can occur simultaneously, sequentially or in groups sequentially.
• baffle plate is provided with corresponding channels, in which the bristle tufts 24 are inserted with their thickened attachment ends ahead, to then be pushed further into the anchoring openings of the bristle carrier.
• the pressure force is transmitted, for example, via at least one drive, e.g. an electric motor 240 (see Figure 1f) is preferably applied to the holder 34, optionally with the interposition of a transmission such as a lock nut 242.
• an electric motor is in particular a servomotor.
• a plurality of bristle carriers 10 can also be deformed simultaneously with one drive in order to hold the at least one bristle or the at least one bristle tuft 24 in the anchoring opening.
• several drives are provided side by side in turn, which in turn drive a plurality of brackets 34, which in turn receive a plurality of bristle carrier 10.
• the controller 51 is designed accordingly programmed, that the aforementioned method is performed in the device.
• Procedures allow bristle tufts to be anchored in the bristle carrier, which are extremely long and thin.
• the invention provides bristle carrier with bristle tufts of a length over 8 mm and a width of less than 2 mm, in particular less than 1 mm.
• the corresponding edges of the anchoring openings need not necessarily be formed by the same distance inwards at these large edge lengths. It has been found that it is sufficient to provide some further inwardly in the direction of anchoring opening deformed, overhanging edge portions which alternate with less far inwardly deformed edge portions.

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• 2017
  • 2017-03-27 DE DE102017106531.8A patent/DE102017106531A1/de active Pending
• 2018
  • 2018-03-21 TW TW107109538A patent/TWI740019B/zh active
  • 2018-03-27 EP EP18718103.7A patent/EP3599932A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2018-03-27 WO PCT/EP2018/000125 patent/WO2018177593A1/de unknown
  • 2018-03-27 CN CN201880020270.5A patent/CN110461190B/zh active Active

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