EP3598054B1 - Rippenplattenwärmetauscher - Google Patents

Rippenplattenwärmetauscher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3598054B1
EP3598054B1 EP18275099.2A EP18275099A EP3598054B1 EP 3598054 B1 EP3598054 B1 EP 3598054B1 EP 18275099 A EP18275099 A EP 18275099A EP 3598054 B1 EP3598054 B1 EP 3598054B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fin
manifold
heat exchanger
fluid
separating plates
Prior art date
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Application number
EP18275099.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3598054A1 (de
Inventor
Aditya Deshpande
Stuart Astley
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HS Marston Aerospace Ltd
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HS Marston Aerospace Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to EP18275099.2A priority Critical patent/EP3598054B1/de
Priority to US16/509,752 priority patent/US20200025454A1/en
Publication of EP3598054A1 publication Critical patent/EP3598054A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3598054B1 publication Critical patent/EP3598054B1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0075—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements the plates having openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/10—Arrangements for sealing the margins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0221—Header boxes or end plates formed by stacked elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
    • F28F2250/102—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with change of flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fin-plate heat exchanger and a method of manufacturing a fin-plate heat exchanger, particularly for use in aerospace applications.
  • a fin-plate heat exchanger is a known type of heat exchanger.
  • the first flow paths are in communication with a manifold that communicates a first fluid (such as oil) through the first flow paths.
  • the second flow paths are arranged to allow a second fluid (such as air) to pass.
  • the first and second flow paths are generally planar and are arranged in a stacked arrangement, where second flow paths are located above and below a given first flow path, and first flow paths are located above and below a given second flow path.
  • Separating the flow paths are separating plates that allow heat to transfer between the first and second flow paths.
  • fins are provided in the first and second flow paths.
  • the fins extend between adjacent separating plates.
  • the fins are orientated in a direction to assist or guide fluid flow.
  • Adjacent separating plates are separated by enclosure bars.
  • the enclosure bars act to enclose respective first and second flow paths. Together with the separating plates, the enclosure bars act to define the first and second flow paths in the core.
  • the fin-plate heat exchanger also comprises a manifold that is in fluid communication with the first flow paths, but is not in fluid communication with the second flow paths.
  • the manifold can supply and/or receive the first fluid to and/or from the core.
  • Such a typical fin-plate heat exchanger is conventionally made in the following way.
  • the core is made by forming a stack of components. This is achieved by first providing a base plate. On top of the base plate, enclosure bars for the first fluid path are placed, and a fin component (such as a corrugated sheet) is placed. On top of these, a separating plate is placed. On top of this, enclosure bars for the second fluid path are placed, and a fin component (such as a corrugated sheet) is placed. On top of this, a separating plate is placed. This is repeated until the stack of a desired size is formed. To finish the stack, on top of the upper-most enclosure bars and the upper-most fin component, a top plate is placed.
  • a fin component such as a corrugated sheet
  • the stack is then brazed together to form the core.
  • the manifold is made by a separate process, such as by casting, machining or fabrication.
  • the heat exchanger is then formed by welding the manifold and/or interface flanges to the core together.
  • US 4,815,534 A discloses a plate type heat exchanger comprises flow and heat transfer plates brazed together in stacked assembly, with turbulator/fin members interchangeably positioned between.
  • US 2006/0032251 A1 discloses a heat exchanger comprising flat hollow bodies, spacers and side plates.
  • the invention is a heat exchanger as defined by claim 1.
  • the invention provides a fin-plate heat exchanger for allowing heat to be exchanged between a first fluid and a second fluid, the fin-plate heat exchanger comprising:
  • the integral piece may comprise the separating plates, the first fluid enclosure structures, the second fluid enclosure structures, and the fin components brazed together.
  • the manifold is not welded to the core.
  • the first, second and third manifold sections each may comprise respective features that form the supply and the return of the manifold when the separating plates, the first fluid enclosure structures, and the second fluid enclosure structures are stacked.
  • the fin-plate heat exchanger may comprise a base plate and a top plate, wherein the separating plates comprise the base plate and the top plate, wherein the base plate forms the lower-most layer of the stack and the top plate forms the uppermost layer of the stack, wherein the base plate and the top plate each comprise a fourth manifold portion and a core portion, wherein the base plate and the top plate are each shaped such that the core portion encloses the core and the fourth manifold portion encloses the manifold.
  • the separating plates, the first fluid enclosure structures, and the second fluid enclosure structures may be produced by additive manufacturing and/or subtractive manufacturing.
  • the fin components are optionally not made by either additive manufacturing or subtractive manufacturing.
  • the invention further extends to a method of manufacturing a fin-plate heat exchanger as defined by claim 9.
  • the heat exchanger is as discussed above and the method comprises: stacking the separating plates, the first fluid enclosure structures, the second fluid enclosure structures, and the fin components; and joining the separating plates, the first fluid enclosure structures, the second fluid enclosure structures, and the fin components together to form the integral piece.
  • the method does not include joining the manifold and the core together.
  • At least some of the separating plates, the first fluid enclosure structures, and the second fluid enclosure structures may be produced by additive manufacturing.
  • At least some of the separating plates, the first fluid enclosure structures, and the second fluid enclosure structures may be produced by subtractive manufacturing.
  • At least some of the separating plates, the first fluid enclosure structures, and the second fluid enclosure structures are produced by subtractive manufacturing and the separating plates are produced by subtractive manufacturing.
  • the method may comprise removing excess material from the integral piece after the joining process.
  • present fin-plate heat exchanger may be lighter in weight than conventional fin-plate heat exchangers, which is of particular relevance in industries such as aerospace. Due to the presence of the weld (which is a potential weakness, as mentioned above) conventional fin-plate heat exchangers may be built heavier than the present heat exchanger.
  • the present fin-plate heat exchanger may be built more rapidly and cheaply than conventional fin-plate heat exchangers. Since both the manifold and the core are made as one integral piece from the laminate members, there is no need to manufacture the manifold and the core separately and then join them together, which reduces construction time. Further, the laminate members can be manufactured very quickly (for example from additive or subtractive manufacturing processes) and the fin components can be provided as standard components. Thus, all of the components that make up the heat exchanger can be made or provided very quickly. In addition, the form of the laminate members can be varied quickly, which allows great flexibility and quick changing of the overall heat exchanger design, especially in comparison to when a conventional manifold is made from a cast in a mould or machined from solid or fabricated joining individual components.
  • the present heat exchanger is a fin-plate heat exchanger. This is a specific type of heat exchanger and is different to other types of heat exchanger, such as microchannel heat exchangers or heat exchangers where pins (or other heat conducting elements) are used in the flow paths.
  • the heat exchanger may be arranged to exchange heat only between the first and second fluids, i.e. there may be no additional fluids present.
  • the core of the present heat exchanger may be similar to or identical to the cores of conventional heat exchangers.
  • the inventors have not intended to alter the design of the core. Indeed, one of the purposes of the present invention is to produce a fin-plate heat exchanger that has the same (or a similar) form to conventional fin-plate heat exchangers, but also has the advantages listed above. The inventors have achieved this by the innovative design of the laminate members discussed herein.
  • the core may comprise a plurality of first flow paths arranged in a layered fashion. Between said first flow paths may be second flow paths. The first and second flow paths may be separated by separating plates. The first and second flow paths may be generally planar and the first and second fluids may move in parallel to said planes.
  • the core may comprise a first end and a second end, the first end being the end to which the manifold is attached and the second end being opposite said first end.
  • the core may comprise a bottom and a top. The top and the bottom being the extremes of the core in the direction generally normal to the direction of the stack (i.e. generally parallel to the normal of the plane defined by the separating plates, see below).
  • the core may comprise a first side and a second side, the first and second sides extending between the top and bottom and the first and second ends, and being opposite each other.
  • the core may be shaped in a general cuboid-shape.
  • Adjacent first and second flow paths may be in thermal communication with each other (e.g. via the fins and the separating plates).
  • one first flow path may be in communication with two second flow paths (the second flow paths above and below the first flow path); and one second flow path may be in communication with two first flow paths (the first flow paths above and below the first flow path).
  • the separating plates may be generally planar (herein "planar” may mean totally flat, or may be a curved plane).
  • the first and second flow paths may be correspondingly planar.
  • the separating plates (and hence the flow paths) may be stacked in a way such that they are separated from each other in a direction generally normal to said plane.
  • the separating plates may have a rectangular area.
  • Each fin component may be an integral piece comprising multiple fins (such as a corrugated sheet). There may be only one integral piece per flow path. However, there may be more than one. Alternatively, each fin component can comprise only one fin, and a plurality of such components are provided separately within each flow path.
  • the fin components may be placed between adjacent separating plates and hence in said flow paths.
  • the fins may guide the fluid in said flow paths.
  • fins are generally planar heat transfer elements that extend between adjacent separating plates and extend generally in the direction of fluid flow. They are different from pins and other heat transfer elements.
  • the first enclosure bars may be located at the first and second sides of the core.
  • the first enclosure bars may be located between separating plates at the periphery of the separating plates. There may be one first enclosure bar between two adjacent separating plates at the first side and another first enclosure between the same two adjacent separating plates at the second side. There may not be any second enclosure bars present between said separating plates. There may be second enclosure bars present on the other side of both said separating plates.
  • the first enclosure bars and the separating plates define a first flow path where at least one end of the core is open.
  • the second enclosure bars may be located at the first and second ends of the core.
  • the second enclosure bars may be located between separating plates at the periphery of the separating plates. There may be one second enclosure bar between two adjacent separating plates at the first end and another second enclosure between the same two adjacent separating plates at the second end. There may not be any first enclosure bars present between said separating plates. There may be first enclosure bars present on the other side of both said separating plates.
  • the second enclosure bars and the separating plates define a first flow path where at least one side of the core is open.
  • a given separating plate will be separated from an adjacent separating plate above/below by first enclosure bars and by an adjacent separating plate below/above by second enclosure bars.
  • the manifold is for supplying the first fluid to and/or receiving the first fluid from the first fluid paths. It is not in communication with the second fluid paths.
  • the manifold may be located at the first end of core.
  • the manifold may comprise a supply and a return path for the first fluid.
  • manifolds There may be two manifolds. In this case, the manifolds may be present at either end of the core.
  • the manifold and the core are formed as one integral piece. This means that they are not two separate pieces that have been joined together, for example by welding. Rather, they are formed in the same formation process (such as the brazing process mentioned below).
  • interface flanges may also be flanges formed in the same integral piece, with the flanges acting as interface flanges.
  • interface flanges may be formed by interface flange sections provided on some or all of the laminate members.
  • the stack of laminate members are laminated together. Lamination is known term in the art and is not discussed herein.
  • the stack may be referred to as a laminated stack.
  • Each laminate member may be an integral piece, i.e. they are formed in one process and do not comprise any joints, such as welds.
  • the stack may be arranged by having separating plates separated by alternating first and second enclosure structures.
  • the first manifold sections of respective first enclosure structures may be the same as or different to each other.
  • the second manifold sections of respective second enclosure structures may be the same as or different to each other (and the same as or different to the first manifold sections).
  • the third manifold sections of respective separating plates may be the same as or different to each other (and the same as or different to the first and second manifold sections).
  • the form of the respective first, second and third manifold sections can be such that, when the laminate members are stacked appropriately, a manifold with the correct form/features results.
  • the first, second and third manifold sections are effectively cross-section slices of the overall manifold, such that when they are placed together the manifold is formed.
  • first manifold section may be on a first laminate member
  • the second manifold section may be on a second laminate member
  • third manifold section may be on a third laminate member, with the first ,second and third laminate member being stacked in sequence. This sequence may be repeated to build up a heat exchanger with multiple parallel flow paths formed via multiple sets of first, second and third laminate members.
  • Having the laminate members comprise such manifold sections is advantageous, not only because the manifold and the core can be formed as an integral piece, but also because it means the features of the manifold (e.g. the pipes/openings/etc.) do not need to be machined into the manifold after the stack is laminated. Further it allows the form of the manifold to be varied easily from one heat exchanger to the next.
  • the fin-plate heat exchanger comprises at least one flange for mounting the heat exchanger to other components.
  • Such other components may be nearby supporting structures, such as an airframe, or other components such as ducts and pipes.
  • the manifold, the core and the at least one flange are formed as one integral piece. This is achieved by having each of the first enclosure structures, each of the separating plates and at least some of the second enclosure structures (and preferably each of the second enclosure structures) comprise respective flange portions, wherein the flange portions are shaped to form the at least one flange when the plurality of laminate members are stacked.
  • flanges are welded onto the core/manifold after the core is formed.
  • the flanges can be formed at the same time as the core and can be integral with the core. This can improve reliability, reduce construction time and reduce weight.
  • the flange may not be joined (e.g. welded) to the remainder of the heat exchanger.
  • flanges each formed by a respective plurality of flange portions in the laminate members.
  • flanges there may be (exactly) four flanges, one located proximate each corner of the core.
  • the integral piece comprises (or may consist of) the laminate members and the fin components adhered (e.g. brazed) together. There may of course be some adhering (e.g. brazing or bonding) material present too.
  • the manifold may not be joined (e.g. welded) to the core.
  • Said flange(s) may not be joined (e.g. welded) to the remainder of the heat exchanger.
  • the laminate members do not comprise any fins (or any other secondary assisting heat transfer surfaces, such as pins). Rather, the fins are only provided in the fin components, which are not laminated members.
  • the fins may be provided in a conventional way, such as by a corrugated sheet. The fins may be placed in the stack (between separating plates) and adhered (e.g. brazed) together with the laminated members.
  • the manifold may comprise manifold features for allowing the first fluid to be supplied to and/or received from the first flow paths.
  • the first, second and third manifold sections may each comprise respective features that form the manifold features when the plurality of laminate members are stacked.
  • the manifold features may comprise fluid paths, pipes, openings, etc. for the first fluid.
  • the manifold features may comprise a supply fluid path and a return fluid path, each being open to the first fluid paths.
  • a first manifold may comprise a supply fluid path and a second manifold may comprise a return fluid path, the supply and the return paths being open to the first fluid paths.
  • the fin-plate heat exchanger may comprise a base plate and a top plate. These may also be referred to as "side plates" in the art.
  • the base plate may be located at the bottom of the stack and the top plate may be located at the top of stack.
  • the laminate members may comprise the base plate and the top plate.
  • the base plate and the top plate may each comprise a fourth manifold portion and a core portion.
  • the base plate and the top plate may be each shaped such that the core portion encloses the core and the manifold portion encloses the manifold.
  • the top and the base plates may effectively provide some external structure to the heat exchanger and may seal the manifold and/or the core.
  • the laminate members may consist of the first enclosure structures, the second enclosure structure, the separating plates, the base plate and the top plate.
  • the integral member may be formed solely of the first enclosure structures, the second enclosure structure, the separating plates, the base plate, the top plate and the fin components (and some adhering material, such as brazing material).
  • the laminate members may be produced by additive manufacturing (such as laser powder bed fusion or energy metal deposition) and/or subtractive manufacturing (such as etching, laser cutting, water jet cutting, wire eroding or highspeed machining). Different laminated members can be made by the same or different methods.
  • the top plate, the base plate, the first enclosure structures or the second enclosure structures may be made by either additive manufacturing or subtractive manufacturing. However, the separating plates are preferably made by subtractive manufacturing.
  • the present heat exchanger allows a large proportion of its constituent components to be made by these methods. Conventional methods do not allow this. This is advantageous since it allows a great deal of flexibility in design of heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger's form can be varied very quickly. Further, it can increase the speed of the manufacture.
  • the fin components may be manufactured by a different technique to the laminate members. Thus, they may be made during a separate process. In some examples fin components are not made by additive manufacturing or by subtractive manufacturing. Rather, the fins may be made (or supplied) in a conventional way for heat exchanger finstock (for example by pressing/bending a sheet to form a corrugated and/or perforated sheet).
  • the present heat exchanger allows the use of conventional fin components as one of its constituent components. This is advantageous since it allows the structure of the heat exchanger to be made quickly and strongly (as mentioned above), but can still use the conventional fin components, which are cheap and easy to make/supply.
  • hybrid a sort of "hybrid” technology, that is somewhere between producing a fin-plate heat exchanger purely from a rapid manufacture process (such as additive manufacturing), producing a fin-plate heat exchanger by a pure laminated process (such as in EP 2474803 , discussed below) and by producing a fin-plate heat exchanger by conventional means (as discussed in the background section).
  • the present method is advantageous over these alternatives since it is quicker and more reliable than conventional means, but is more straightforward than using pure rapid manufacture (which may struggle to produce such a complex fin-plate heat exchanger) or by using a pure laminated process (where the fins would be required to be part of each laminate member making up a given layer).
  • pure rapid manufacture which may struggle to produce such a complex fin-plate heat exchanger
  • pure laminated process where the fins would be required to be part of each laminate member making up a given layer.
  • the fins are provided as separate to the laminate members (e.g. the fins are provided as conventional fin components (e.g. corrugated sheets) whereas the laminate members are provided as rapidly-produced (e.g. subtractive or additive manufactured) components).
  • the present inventors have developed a "hybrid" type technology that is that is somewhere between producing a fin-plate heat exchanger purely from a rapid manufacture process, producing a fin-plate heat exchanger by a pure laminated process, and producing a fin-plate heat exchanger by conventional means.
  • the fin-plate heat exchanger may be for use in an aircraft.
  • it may be for use in an aircraft engine, or possibly in an air management system in an aircraft.
  • the fin-plate heat exchanger may be for use with a first fluid that can vary between -40°C to 210°C.
  • the fin-plate heat exchanger may be for use with a second fluid that can very between -50°C to 100°C.
  • the fin-plate heat exchanger may be for use with a first fluid that can vary between 3 kPa to 150 kPa.
  • the fin-plate heat exchanger may be able to function over both of these ranges, and possibly beyond.
  • the fin-plate heat exchanger may comprise the first and second fluids.
  • the first fluid may be a liquid, such as oil and the second fluid may be a gas, such as air or any combinations thereof.
  • a method of manufacturing a fin-plate heat exchanger may be the heat exchanger of the first aspect.
  • the method may comprise stacking the laminate members and the fin components; and adhering (e.g. brazing) the laminate members and the fin components together to form the integral piece.
  • the stacking may be as set out above, i.e. a first enclosure structure, then a separating plate, then a second enclosure structure, then a separating plate, then a first enclosure, etc.
  • Stacking the laminate members may comprise placing a first (or second) enclosure structure on top of the base plate; placing a separating plate on top of the first (or second) enclosure structure; placing a second (or first) enclosure structure on top of the separating plate; placing a separating plate on top of the second (or first) enclosure structure; and then repeating the first enclosure structure, separating plate, second enclosure structure pattern until the core is complete. Then the top plate is placed on the upper most enclosure structure (which may be a first or a second enclosure structure).
  • adhering material may also be added during the stacking.
  • adhering material may be added between the base plate and the lower most enclosure structure.
  • Adhering material may be added between the top plate and the upper most enclosure structure.
  • Adhering material may be added between each layer of the stack. However, preferably it is only added in the positions mentioned in the paragraph above.
  • adhering material may be provided on both sides of the separating plates (i.e. the separating plates may be formed from a sheet of material that already has adhering material cladded onto both of its upper and lower surfaces).
  • the method may not include joining (e.g. welding) the manifold and the core together.
  • joining e.g. welding
  • the manifold and the core of a fin-plate heat exchanger are manufactured separately, and then welded together.
  • the inventors have devised a method where this step may not be necessary.
  • the method may comprise producing at least some of the laminate members by additive manufacturing.
  • the first enclosure structures may be produced by additive manufacturing.
  • the second enclosure structures may be produced by additive manufacturing.
  • the top and base plates may be produced by additive manufacturing.
  • the method may comprise producing at least some of the laminate members by subtractive manufacturing.
  • the first enclosure structures may be produced by subtractive manufacturing.
  • the second enclosure structures may be produced by subtractive manufacturing.
  • the top and base plates may be produced by subtractive manufacturing.
  • the method may comprise producing the separating plates by subtractive manufacturing. This is preferable (instead of additive manufacturing), since the separating plates may be made from sheets where adhering material is already present. Such a material would be difficult to produce by additive manufacture.
  • the method may comprise removing excess material from the integral piece after the adhering process. There may be excess material present near the manifold and in other places, so as to provide enough structural integrity in the stack during adhering (where the stack may be held under pressure). Further, there may be excess material in the flange(s), which may be too big for their intended purpose. Further, holes can be drilled into the flange(s) so that they can be attached (e.g. bolted) to other components.
  • the method may not comprise machining the manifold or the core after the integral piece is formed. There is no need to do so.
  • the method may comprise producing a first laminated heat exchanger using any of the methods above, and then producing a second laminated heat exchanger using any of the methods above.
  • the first and the second laminated heat exchanger may differ in form, e.g. they be of different sizes, have different dimensions, have different manifold features, have different areas and thicknesses of flow paths, etc.
  • FIG. 1 shown is a fin-plate heat exchanger 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the present fin-plate heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger 1 comprises a core 100.
  • the core 100 comprises a plurality of first flow paths 200 for a first fluid and a plurality of second flow paths 300 for the second fluid.
  • the first 200 and second 300 flow paths are arranged in an alternating stack and are separated by a plurality of separating plates 101.
  • a plurality of fin components 103 extend through respective first 200 and second 300 flow paths and extend between adjacent separating plates 101. In Figure 1 , only the fin components 103 in the second flow path 300 are shown, since the fin components 103 in the first flow path 200 cannot be seen.
  • First enclosure structures 201 act in cooperation with the separating plates 101 to define the first flow paths 200.
  • Second enclosure structures 301 act in cooperation with the separating plates 101 to define the second flow paths 300.
  • the core 100 comprises a first end 151 and a second end 152; a bottom 153 and a top 154; and a first side 155 and a second side 156.
  • the fin-plate heat exchanger 1 also comprises a manifold 400 arranged in fluid communication with each of the first flow paths 200 of the core 100.
  • the manifold 400 comprises manifold features, such as supply line 401 and a return line 402 for supplying the first fluid to the first fluid paths 200 and receiving fluid from the first fluid paths 200 respectively.
  • the fin-plate heat exchanger 1 comprises flanges 600.
  • the flanges 600 are for attaching the heat exchanger 1 to other adjacent components.
  • the manifold 400, the flanges 600 and the core 100 are formed as one integral piece.
  • the integral piece comprises a stack of laminate members 101, 501, 502, 201, 301 and said fin components 103.
  • the plurality of laminate members 101, 501, 502, 201, 301 comprise: the first fluid enclosure structures 201; the second fluid enclosure structures 301; the plurality of separating plates 101; a base plate 501 and a top plate 502 (not shown in Figure 1 ).
  • the stack is formed by placing a first enclosure structure 201 and at least one fin component (not shown) on top of the base plate 501. On top of the first enclosure 201 and the at least one fin component, a separating plate 101 is placed. On top of the separating plate 101, a second enclosure structure 301 and a fin component 103 is placed. On top of these, another separating plate 101 is placed. This pattern is then repeated until the top 154 of the heat exchanger is reached, when a top plate 502 is placed on top of the uppermost enclosure structure(s) and fin component(s)..
  • the stack may be brazed together to form the integral piece.
  • FIG. 2 an exemplary first enclosure structure 201 is shown in more detail.
  • the first enclosure structure 201 comprises a manifold section 202.
  • the manifold section comprises manifold feature cut outs 208, 209.
  • the manifold section 202 is shaped such that, when the first enclosure structure 201 is placed in the stack, the manifold 400 with the correct features 401, 402 is formed.
  • the first enclosure structure 201 also comprises a first enclosure bar 203 arranged to close off the first side 155 of the first fluid path 200 when placed between two separating plates 101.
  • the first enclosure structure 201 also comprises a second enclosure bar 204 arranged to close off the second side 156 of the first fluid path 200 when placed between two separating plates 101.
  • the first enclosure structure 201 may also comprise a third enclosure bar 206 arranged to close off the second end 152 of the first fluid path 200 when placed between two separating plates 101.
  • the first enclosure structure 201 may also comprise a guiding structure 207 arranged to guide the flow of the first fluid through the first flow path 200 from the supply 401 to the return 402 of the manifold.
  • the first enclosure structures 201 leave the first end 151 of the first flow path 200 open.
  • the first enclosure structure 201 also comprises a plurality of flange portions 210 arranged such that, when the first enclosure structure 201 is placed in the stack, the flanges 600 are formed.
  • Each first enclosure structure 201 may be the same as one another, or may be different. The precise form of each first enclosure structure will depend on the desired shape and features of the heat exchanger 1.
  • FIG. 3a and 3b shown are exemplary second enclosure structures 301.
  • the enclosure structures of Figures 3a and 3b work in combination with each other to close respective ends 151, 152 of the core 100 between two separating plates 101 so as to define a given second flow path.
  • the second enclosure structure 301 shown in Figure 3a closes the second end 152 and the second enclosure structure 301 shown in Figure 3b closes the first end 151 of the same second flow path 300.
  • the first enclosure structure 301 comprises a second enclosure bar 306 arranged to close off the second end 152 of the second fluid path 300 when placed between two separating plates 101.
  • the second enclosure structure 301 comprises a manifold section 302.
  • the manifold section comprises manifold feature cut outs 308, 309.
  • the manifold section 302 is shaped such that, when the first enclosure structure 301 is placed in the stack, the manifold 400 with the correct features 401, 402 is formed.
  • the second enclosure structure 302 also comprises a first enclosure bar 305 arranged to close off the first end 151 of the second fluid path 300 when placed between two separating plates 101.
  • the second enclosure structures 301 leave the first and second sides 155, 156 of the second flow path 300 open.
  • the second enclosure structures 301 also comprise a plurality of flange portions 310 arranged such that, when the second enclosure structures 301 are placed in the stack, the flanges 600 are formed.
  • Each second enclosure structure 301 of Figure 3a may be the same as one another, or may be different to each other.
  • Each first enclosure structure 301 of Figure 3b may be the same as one another, or may be different. The precise form of each first enclosure structure will depend on the desired shape and features of the heat exchanger 1.
  • the separating plate 101 comprises a manifold section 102.
  • the manifold section comprises manifold feature cut outs 108, 109.
  • the manifold section 102 is shaped such that, when the separating plate 101 is placed in the stack, the manifold 400 with the correct features 401, 402 is formed.
  • the separating plate 101 has a core portion 104 that is solid (unbroken) and extends from the first end 151 to the second end 152 and from the first side 155 to the second side 156.
  • the separating plate 101 also comprises a plurality of flange portions 110 arranged such that, when the separating plate 101 is placed in the stack, the flanges 600 are formed.
  • Each separating plate 101 may be the same as one another, or may be different. The precise form of each separating plate 101 will depend on the desired shape and features of the heat exchanger 1.
  • top and base plates 501, 502 are not shown in detail, but may be similar to the separating plate 101, but without the manifold features 108, 109 (i.e. the top and base plates 501, 502 may be solid (unbroken) so as to close the manifold 400 and the core 100).
  • FIG. 5 shows a completed fin-plate heat exchanger 1. This is largely identical to the fin-plate heat exchanger 1 shown in Figure 1 , except the top plate 502 is also shown. Further, excess material (such as the honey-comb material in the manifold sections 102, 202, 402) have been removed, and holes have been drilled in the flange.
  • excess material such as the honey-comb material in the manifold sections 102, 202, 402
  • the fin-plate heat exchanger 1 of the above embodiment comprises only one manifold 400. However, it may be possible for two manifolds 400 to be present, one at each end 151, 152 of the core. In this case, one manifold may be for supply and one may be for return of the first fluid. To achieve this, additional manifold sections will be needed in the laminated members, and the manifold features of each will differ from what is shown in the Figures. For instance, third enclosure bar 206 may need to be replaced with a manifold section; a manifold section may be needed to be added to the enclosure bar 306; and a manifold section may need to be added at the second end 152 of the separating plate 101. In this case, there may be no need for guide 207.
  • FIG. 7 shows in more detail an exemplary first flow path 200 defined by an exemplary first enclosure structure 201.
  • the first flow path comprises three fin components 103a, 106b, 103c.
  • the first fin component 103a extends from the manifold section 202 in a direction from the first end 151 toward the second end 152.
  • the fins of the first fin component 103a are orientated in this direction, thus guiding fluid away from the supply line 401 of the manifold 400 between the second enclosure bar 204 and the guiding structure 207.
  • the second fin component 103b extends from the manifold section 202 in a direction from the first end 151 toward the second end 152.
  • the fins of the second fin component 103b are orientated in this direction, thus guiding fluid toward the return line 402 of the manifold 400 between the first enclosure bar 203 and the guiding structure 207.
  • the guiding structure fluidly separates the first and second fin structures 103a, 103b.
  • the third fin component 103c extends between the first and second fin components 103a, 103b in a direction generally perpendicular to the direction of the first and second fin components 103a, 103b (i.e. the fins of the third fin component 103c are generally parallel to and proximate to the second end 152 of the heat exchanger).
  • the third fin component 103c guides the fluid from the first fin component 103a to the second fin component 103b between the third enclosure bar 206 and the guiding structure 207.
  • Each of the first flow paths may comprise similar or identical fin components 103a, 103b, 103c.
  • the fin component 103 of the second flow paths may be a single component. It may simply extend, and guide the second fluid, from the first side 155 to the second side 156 between the first and second enclosure bars 305, 306 of the second enclosure structure 301.
  • a first step 901 the laminate members 101, 201, 301, 501, 502 are produced. This may occur by additive or subtractive manufacturing.
  • the fin components 103 are formed. This may be achieved by cutting a corrugated sheet to size, and/or by punching a flat sheet such that corrugated fins are produced.
  • a third step 903 the laminate members 101, 201, 301, 501, 502 and the fin components 103 are stacked. Possibly some brazing material is also placed in appropriate places in the stack.
  • a fourth step 904 the stack is brazed to from the integral piece.
  • a fifth step 905 excess material is cut off the integral piece.
  • ancillary components such as relief valves are fitted.
  • This process can be repeated for a similarly-shaped or a differently-shaped fin-plate heat exchanger.

Claims (13)

  1. Rippenplattenwärmetauscher (1) zum Ermöglichen eines Wärmeaustauschs zwischen einem ersten Fluid und einem zweiten Fluid, wobei der Rippenplattenwärmetauscher (1) Folgendes umfasst:
    einen Kern (100), einen Verteiler,
    wobei der Rippenplattenwärmetauscher (1) umfasst:
    eine Vielzahl von ersten Strömungswegen (200) für das erste Fluid und eine Vielzahl von zweiten Strömungswegen (300) für das zweite Fluid;
    eine Vielzahl von Trennplatten (101), wobei jede Trennplatte (101) einen dritten Verteilerabschnitt (102) umfasst,
    wobei ein benachbarter erster und zweiter Strömungsweg (200, 300) durch entsprechende Trennplatten (101) getrennt sind;
    eine Vielzahl von Rippenkomponenten (103), die sich durch den jeweiligen ersten und zweiten Strömungsweg (200, 300) erstrecken und zwischen benachbarten Trennplatten (101) verlaufen;
    eine Vielzahl von ersten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (201) zum Umschließen des ersten Strömungsweges (200), wobei jede erste Fluidumschließungsstruktur einen ersten Verteilerabschnitt (202) und eine Vielzahl von ersten Umschließungsstäben (203, 204, 206) umfasst, die sich zwischen benachbarten Trennplatten (101) erstrecken, wobei die ersten Umschließungsstäbe (203, 204, 206) so angeordnet sind, dass sie den ersten Strömungsweg (200) zumindest teilweise definieren; und
    eine Vielzahl von zweiten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (301) zum Umschließen des zweiten Strömungswegs (300), wobei jede zweite Fluidumschließungsstruktur eine Vielzahl von zweiten Umschließungsstäben (305, 306) umfasst, die sich zwischen benachbarten Trennplatten (101) erstrecken, wobei die zweiten Umschließungsstäbe (305, 306) so angeordnet sind, dass sie den zweiten Strömungsweg (300) zumindest teilweise definieren, und wobei zumindest einige der zweiten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (301) einen zweiten Verteilerabschnitt (302) umfassen,
    wobei der Verteiler (400) in Fluidverbindung mit jedem der ersten Strömungswege (200) des Kerns (100) angeordnet ist,
    wobei die Trennplatten (101), die ersten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (201), die zweiten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (301) und die Rippenkomponenten (103) so konfiguriert sind, dass sie gestapelt werden können, wodurch die ersten Strömungswege (200) und die zweiten Strömungswege (300) gebildet werden, wobei der erste, zweite und
    dritte Verteilerabschnitt (202, 302, 102) den Verteiler (400) bilden,
    wobei der Verteiler (400), der Kern (100) und der mindestens eine Flansch (600) als ein einstückiges Teil ausgebildet sind,
    wobei das einstückige Teil die Trennplatten (101), die ersten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (201), die zweiten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (301) und die Rippenkomponenten (103) umfasst, die miteinander verklebt sind; und
    wobei die Trennplatten (101), die ersten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (201) und die zweiten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (301) keine Rippen aufweisen;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    jede erste Fluidumschließungsstruktur (201) einen ersten Flanschabschnitt (210) umfasst, mindestens einige der zweiten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (301) einen zweiten Flanschabschnitt (310) umfassen, jede Trennplatte (101) einen dritten Flanschabschnitt (110) umfasst und die ersten, zweiten und dritten Flanschabschnitte (210, 310, 110) den mindestens einen Flansch (600) zum Montieren des Wärmetauschers an anderen Komponenten bilden.
  2. Rippenplattenwärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, wobei das einstückige Teil die Trennplatten (101), die ersten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (201), die zweiten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (301) und die Rippenkomponenten (103) umfasst, die miteinander verlötet sind.
  3. Rippenplattenwärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Verteiler (400) nicht mit dem Kern (100) verschweißt ist.
  4. Rippenplattenwärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der erste, zweite und dritte Verteilerabschnitt (202, 302, 102) jeweils entsprechende Merkmale (208, 209, 308, 309, 108, 109) aufweisen, die einen Vorlauf (401) und einen Rücklauf (402) des Verteilers (400) bilden, wenn die Trennplatten (101), die ersten Flüssigkeitseinschlussstrukturen (201) und die zweiten Flüssigkeitseinschlussstrukturen (301) gestapelt sind.
  5. Rippenplattenwärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, ferner umfassend eine Grundplatte (501) und eine Deckplatte (502), wobei die Trennplatten (101) die Grundplatte (501) und die Deckplatte (502) umfassen, wobei die Grundplatte (501) die unterste Schicht des Stapels und die Deckplatte (502) die oberste Schicht des Stapels bildet, wobei die Grundplatte (501) und die Deckplatte (502) jeweils einen vierten Verteilerabschnitt und einen Kernabschnitt umfassen, wobei die Grundplatte (501) und die Deckplatte (502) jeweils so geformt sind, dass der Kernteil den Kern (100) und der vierte Verteilerabschnitt den Verteiler (400) umschließt.
  6. Rippenplattenwärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Trennplatten (101), die ersten Fluideinschlussstrukturen (201) und die zweiten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (301) durch additive Fertigung und/oder subtraktive Fertigung hergestellt sind.
  7. Rippenplattenwärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Rippenkomponenten (103) nicht durch additive Fertigung oder subtraktive Fertigung hergestellt sind.
  8. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rippenplattenwärmetauschers, wobei der Wärmetauscher ein Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche ist, wobei das Verfahren umfasst:
    Stapeln der Trennplatten (101), der ersten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (201), der zweiten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (301) und der Rippenkomponenten (103); und
    Verbinden der Trennplatten (101), der ersten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (201), der zweiten Fluidumschließungsstrukturen (301) und der Rippenkomponenten (103) miteinander, um ein einstückiges Teil zu bilden.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei das Verfahren nicht das Zusammenfügen des Verteilers (400) und des Kerns (100) umfasst.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, umfassend Herstellen von mindestens einiger der Trennplatten (101), der ersten Fluideinschlussstrukturen (201) und der zweiten Fluideinschlussstrukturen (301) durch additive Fertigung.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, 9 oder 10, umfassend Herstellen von mindestens einiger der Trennplatten (101), der ersten Fluideinschlussstrukturen (201) und der zweiten Fluideinschlussstrukturen (301) durch subtraktive Fertigung.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, umfassend Herstellen der Trennplatten (101) durch subtraktive Fertigung.
  13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 12, umfassend Entfernen von überschüssigem Material von dem einstückigen Teil nach dem Verbindungsprozess.
EP18275099.2A 2018-07-19 2018-07-19 Rippenplattenwärmetauscher Active EP3598054B1 (de)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18275099.2A EP3598054B1 (de) 2018-07-19 2018-07-19 Rippenplattenwärmetauscher
US16/509,752 US20200025454A1 (en) 2018-07-19 2019-07-12 Fin-plate heat exchanger

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18275099.2A EP3598054B1 (de) 2018-07-19 2018-07-19 Rippenplattenwärmetauscher

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EP3598054B1 true EP3598054B1 (de) 2023-09-20

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EP3904819B1 (de) 2020-04-27 2023-09-27 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Mit einem integrierten flansch unter verwendung eines generativen metallverfahrens gefertigter wärmetauscherkopf

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4815534A (en) * 1987-09-21 1989-03-28 Itt Standard, Itt Corporation Plate type heat exchanger

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004033978A1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-22 Showa Denko K.K. Flat hollow body for passing fluid therethrough, heat exchanger comprising the hollow body and process for fabricating the heat exchanger
US9417016B2 (en) 2011-01-05 2016-08-16 Hs Marston Aerospace Ltd. Laminated heat exchanger
GB2524059B (en) 2014-03-13 2019-10-16 Hs Marston Aerospace Ltd Curved cross-flow heat exchanger
EP3150952A1 (de) * 2015-10-02 2017-04-05 Alfa Laval Corporate AB Wärmetauschplatte und plattenwärmetauscher
US20180015539A1 (en) * 2016-07-12 2018-01-18 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Additive manufacturing method
GB2552801B (en) * 2016-08-10 2021-04-07 Hs Marston Aerospace Ltd Heat exchanger device

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4815534A (en) * 1987-09-21 1989-03-28 Itt Standard, Itt Corporation Plate type heat exchanger

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