EP3590622B1 - Press hardening tool - Google Patents
Press hardening tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3590622B1 EP3590622B1 EP19180184.4A EP19180184A EP3590622B1 EP 3590622 B1 EP3590622 B1 EP 3590622B1 EP 19180184 A EP19180184 A EP 19180184A EP 3590622 B1 EP3590622 B1 EP 3590622B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- press hardening
- contact layer
- nickel
- tool core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/01—Selection of materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/20—Making tools by operations not covered by a single other subclass
Definitions
- the invention relates to a press hardening tool having the features in the preamble of claim 1.
- a press hardening tool is for example in US 2015/246383 A1 disclosed.
- Press hardening tools are subject to high alternating thermal loads. This leads to a very limited tool life. The relatively frequent replacement of tools has a negative effect on manufacturing costs. Particularly highly stressed areas are located between the tool surface of the press hardening tool and cooling channels. The combined mechanical and thermal stress leads to premature signs of fatigue in the form of fatigue cracks. The cause of the thermal fatigue is the high temperature gradient between the tool surface and the cooling channels integrated in the tool. The closer the cooling channels are to the tool surface, the greater the temperature gradient. It is known to use composite materials for hot forming tools with a tool core and with a contact layer metallurgically connected to the tool core on a tool surface. The contact layer is designed to come into contact with a workpiece to be hot-formed.
- the tool core is made of copper or a copper alloy and has a lower wear resistance than the material of the contact layer.
- the DE 2727892 A1 discloses an alloy for hot forming tools which are said to be very wear-resistant and in particular has 90-97% tungsten and 2-10% iron and / or nickel and possibly 8% alloying elements such as chromium, molybdenum or cobalt.
- alloying elements such as chromium, molybdenum or cobalt.
- the DE 32 07 161 A1 discloses a hard material alloy for forming and cutting tools. If possible, the hard material alloy should not contain any nickel or manganese in a matrix steel alloy, because lowering the aging temperature would result in a decrease in the increase in hardness. It is therefore not a coating alloy that is to be applied to a substrate, but an alloy that forms the complete forming or cutting tool, which is produced in particular using the sintering process.
- One of the prior art is a hot-forming tool that has at least a portion of a surface coating on a tool body.
- the surface coating consists of a raised, metallic relief, which is completely or partially oxidized and converted into a protective layer.
- the tool surface is predominantly oxidic.
- the DE 10 2005 042 765 A1 discloses a further forming tool for forming a workpiece, in particular a sheet steel component.
- the molded surface shells can be made of bronze or copper. This is intended to achieve a high effective cooling capacity.
- EP 2 335 842 A2 referenced, relating to a further embodiment of a hot forming tool.
- the invention is based on the object of showing a press hardening tool which has a longer service life and thus a longer service life.
- the contact layer has at least 50% by weight of nickel or chromium.
- the holding time in the press hardening tool can be significantly reduced in contrast to press hardening tools made of steel.
- the wear of the tool surface, which occurs in the form of abrasion and adhesion, can be minimized by the coating.
- the coating preferably consists of a nickel alloy.
- the alloy in this case contains at least 50% nickel.
- One advantage of a coating made of a nickel alloy is the good thermal conductivity, so that good heat dissipation is also made possible via the coating. Furthermore, there is a significant increase in the mechanical wear resistance of the coated surfaces of the press hardening tool.
- the nickel content is preferably in a range between 65 and 95% by weight.
- the nickel alloy is an alloy that contains cobalt as a further alloy component.
- the coatings can be applied using different methods. In particular, powder flame spraying can be used.
- the layers have a very high adhesive strength and thermal shock resistance.
- the layer thicknesses should have a relatively small thickness which is preferably in the micrometer range.
- the coatings preferably have a certain ductility. Compared to a consistently hard and brittle coating, coatings with ductile properties have a lower risk of damage to the coating or cracks or microcracks occurring within the coating during operation. Cracks would increase the risk of parts of the coating flaking off under mechanical stress.
- the cooling channels could also be arranged significantly further from the tool surface.
- the temperature gradient is smaller.
- the local thermal load is reduced. This also gives the said press hardening tools a higher level of stability and a longer service life.
- Another, fundamental advantage is that by reducing the hold-open time of the press hardening tool, the economy of press hardening can be increased overall, since the press hardening process causes a not inconsiderable part of the production overheads. These press hardening process costs can be reduced by increasing the thermal conductivity.
- a high thermal conductivity of the materials used for press hardening can contribute to an increased resistance of the press hardening tool to wear and thermal fatigue and thus reduce the costs for maintenance, repair and replacement of the press hardening tools.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Presshärtewerkzeug mit den Merkmalen im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Solch ein Presshärtewerkzeug ist zum Beispiel in
Presshärtewerkzeuge unterliegen hohen thermischen Wechselbeanspruchungen. Das führt zu einer sehr begrenzten Lebensdauer der Werkzeuge. Der relativ häufige Austausch der Werkzeuge wirkt sich negativ auf die Fertigungskosten aus. Besonders hoch beanspruchte Bereiche befinden sich zwischen der Werkzeugoberfläche des Presshärtewerkzeuges und Kühlkanälen. Die kombinierte mechanische und thermische Beanspruchung führt zu vorzeitigen Ermüdungserscheinungen in Form von Ermüdungsrissen. Die Ursache für die thermisch bedingte Ermüdung ist der hohe Temperaturgradient zwischen der Werkzeugoberfläche und den in das Werkzeug integrierten Kühlkanälen. Der Temperaturgradient ist umso größer, je näher sich die Kühlkanäle an der Werkzeugoberfläche befinden. Es ist bekannt, für Warmumformwerkzeuge Verbundwerkstoffe einzusetzen mit einem Werkzeugkern und mit einer mit dem Werkzeugkern metallurgisch verbundenen Kontaktschicht an einer Werkzeugoberfläche. Die Kontaktschicht ist dazu ausgebildet, mit einem warmumzuformenden Werkstück in Kontakt zu kommen. Der Werkzeugkern besteht aus Kupfer oder einer Kupferlegierung und besitzt eine geringere Verschleißbeständigkeit als der Werkstoff der Kontaktschicht.Press hardening tools are subject to high alternating thermal loads. This leads to a very limited tool life. The relatively frequent replacement of tools has a negative effect on manufacturing costs. Particularly highly stressed areas are located between the tool surface of the press hardening tool and cooling channels. The combined mechanical and thermal stress leads to premature signs of fatigue in the form of fatigue cracks. The cause of the thermal fatigue is the high temperature gradient between the tool surface and the cooling channels integrated in the tool. The closer the cooling channels are to the tool surface, the greater the temperature gradient. It is known to use composite materials for hot forming tools with a tool core and with a contact layer metallurgically connected to the tool core on a tool surface. The contact layer is designed to come into contact with a workpiece to be hot-formed. The tool core is made of copper or a copper alloy and has a lower wear resistance than the material of the contact layer.
Es ist aus dem Stand der Technik (
Die
Die
Durch die
Die
Zum Stand der Technik wird ferner auf die
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Presshärtewerkzeug aufzuzeigen, welches eine höhere Standzeit und damit eine längere Lebensdauer besitzt.The invention is based on the object of showing a press hardening tool which has a longer service life and thus a longer service life.
Die Aufgabe ist bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Presshärtewerkzeug gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst.The object is achieved in the press hardening tool according to the invention according to claim 1.
Der Unteranspruch betrifft vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung. Erfindungsgemäß besitzt die Kontaktschicht wenigstens 50 Gewichts-% Nickel, oder Chrom.The sub-claim relates to advantageous developments of the invention. According to the invention, the contact layer has at least 50% by weight of nickel or chromium.
Durch die deutlich höhere Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Kupfer (240-350 W/mK) kann die Zuhaltezeit im Presshärtewerkzeug im Gegensatz zu Presshärtewerkzeugen aus Stahl deutlich reduziert werden. Der Verschleiß der Werkzeugoberfläche, welche in Form von Abrasion und Adhäsion auftritt, kann durch die Beschichtung minimiert werden.Due to the significantly higher thermal conductivity of copper (240-350 W / mK), the holding time in the press hardening tool can be significantly reduced in contrast to press hardening tools made of steel. The wear of the tool surface, which occurs in the form of abrasion and adhesion, can be minimized by the coating.
Die Beschichtung besteht vorzugsweise aus einer Nickellegierung. Die Legierung enthält in diesem Fall wenigstens 50% Nickel. Ein Vorteil einer Beschichtung aus einer Nickellegierung ist die gute Wärmeleitfähigkeit, so dass auch über die Beschichtung ein guter Wärmeabfluss ermöglicht wird. Weiterhin ergibt sich eine wesentliche Erhöhung des mechanischen Verschleißwiderstandes der beschichteten Oberflächen des Presshärtewerkzeuges. Bei der Verwendung einer Nickellegierung für die Grundmatrix liegt der Nickelanteil vorzugsweise in einem Bereich zwischen 65 und 95 Gewichts-%. Insbesondere handelt es sich bei der Nickellegierung um eine Legierung, die als weiteren Legierungsbestandteil Kobalt enthält.The coating preferably consists of a nickel alloy. The alloy in this case contains at least 50% nickel. One advantage of a coating made of a nickel alloy is the good thermal conductivity, so that good heat dissipation is also made possible via the coating. Furthermore, there is a significant increase in the mechanical wear resistance of the coated surfaces of the press hardening tool. If a nickel alloy is used for the basic matrix, the nickel content is preferably in a range between 65 and 95% by weight. In particular, the nickel alloy is an alloy that contains cobalt as a further alloy component.
Die Beschichtungen können mit unterschiedlichen Verfahren aufgebracht werden. Insbesondere kann das Pulverflammspritzen zum Einsatz kommen. Die Schichten besitzen eine sehr hohe Haftfähigkeit und Thermoschockbeständigkeit.The coatings can be applied using different methods. In particular, powder flame spraying can be used. The layers have a very high adhesive strength and thermal shock resistance.
Die Schichtdicken sollten aufgrund der Wärmeleitfähigkeit, die geringer ist als diejenige von Kupfer, eine relativ geringe Dicke aufweisen, die vorzugsweise im Mikrometerbereich liegt.Because of the thermal conductivity, which is less than that of copper, the layer thicknesses should have a relatively small thickness which is preferably in the micrometer range.
Bevorzugt besitzen die Beschichtungen eine gewisse Duktilität. Im Vergleich zu einer durchgehend harten und spröden Beschichtung besteht durch Beschichtungen mit duktilen Eigenschaften eine geringere Gefahr, dass im Laufe des Betriebs Beschädigungen der Beschichtung auftreten oder auch Risse oder Mikrorisse innerhalb der Beschichtung auftreten. Risse würden die Gefahr eines Abplatzens von Teilstücken der Beschichtung unter mechanischer Belastung erhöhen.The coatings preferably have a certain ductility. Compared to a consistently hard and brittle coating, coatings with ductile properties have a lower risk of damage to the coating or cracks or microcracks occurring within the coating during operation. Cracks would increase the risk of parts of the coating flaking off under mechanical stress.
Durch den Einsatz von Kupferwerkstoffen in Kombination mit einer geeigneten Beschichtung könnten die Kühlkanäle auch deutlich weiter von der Werkzeugoberfläche angeordnet werden. Der Temperaturgradient ist kleiner. Die lokale thermische Belastung wird reduziert. Auch dadurch besitzen die besagten Presshärtewerkzeuge eine höhere Standfestigkeit und eine höhere Lebensdauer.By using copper materials in combination with a suitable coating, the cooling channels could also be arranged significantly further from the tool surface. The temperature gradient is smaller. The local thermal load is reduced. This also gives the said press hardening tools a higher level of stability and a longer service life.
Ein weiterer, grundsätzlicher Vorteil ist, dass durch die Reduzierung der Zuhaltezeit des Presshärtewerkzeuges die Wirtschaftlichkeit des Presshärtens insgesamt gesteigert werden kann, da der Presshärteprozess einen nicht unerheblichen Teil der Fertigungsgemeinkosten verursacht. Durch eine Erhöhung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit können diese Kosten des Presshärteprozesses gesenkt werden.Another, fundamental advantage is that by reducing the hold-open time of the press hardening tool, the economy of press hardening can be increased overall, since the press hardening process causes a not inconsiderable part of the production overheads. These press hardening process costs can be reduced by increasing the thermal conductivity.
Eine hohe Wärmeleitfähigkeit der zum Presshärten verwendeten Werkstoffe kann zu einem erhöhten Widerstand des Presshärtewerkzeuges gegen Verschleiß und thermische Ermüdung beitragen und somit die Kosten für Wartung, Reparatur und Neubeschaffung der Presshärtewerkzeuge reduzieren.A high thermal conductivity of the materials used for press hardening can contribute to an increased resistance of the press hardening tool to wear and thermal fatigue and thus reduce the costs for maintenance, repair and replacement of the press hardening tools.
Claims (2)
- Press hardening tools made of a composite material having a tool core with a contact layer bonded to the tool core on a tool surface, which is designed to come into contact with a workpiece to be hot formed, wherein the tool core consists of copper or a copper alloy, characterised in that the contact layer is metallurgically bonded to the tool core and contains at least 50 wt. % nickel or chrome, wherein the tool core has a lower wear resistance than the contact layer material and wherein the tool core is attached to a steel tool carrier.
- Press hardening tools according to claim 1, characterised in that the contact layer contains 65 - 95 wt. % nickel or chrome.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018116238.3A DE102018116238A1 (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2018-07-04 | Hot forming tool and method for producing a hot forming tool |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3590622A1 EP3590622A1 (en) | 2020-01-08 |
EP3590622B1 true EP3590622B1 (en) | 2020-09-30 |
Family
ID=66866976
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19180184.4A Active EP3590622B1 (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2019-06-14 | Press hardening tool |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3590622B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102018116238A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2836204T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116083834A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-09 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | WC-Co-Cu-rare earth wear-resistant corrosion-resistant coating material, and preparation method and use method thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2355922A1 (en) * | 1976-06-23 | 1978-01-20 | Eurotungstene | HOT METAL WORKING TOOL |
DE3207161C2 (en) * | 1982-02-27 | 1984-05-10 | Thyssen Edelstahlwerke AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Hard alloy |
DE102005042765C5 (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2013-01-03 | Voestalpine Automotive Gmbh | mold |
DE102009058657A1 (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2011-06-22 | Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH, 33102 | Method for producing a thermoforming tool and thermoforming tool with wear protection |
US20150246383A1 (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-03 | Ford Motor Company | System and process for producing a metallic article |
DE102014016502A1 (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2016-05-12 | Hua Guo | Hot forming tool with reinforced oxide protective layer |
-
2018
- 2018-07-04 DE DE102018116238.3A patent/DE102018116238A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-06-14 EP EP19180184.4A patent/EP3590622B1/en active Active
- 2019-06-14 ES ES19180184T patent/ES2836204T3/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3590622A1 (en) | 2020-01-08 |
DE102018116238A1 (en) | 2020-01-09 |
ES2836204T3 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
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