EP3589845A1 - Ventilation device with optimised-pitch tubes for a motor vehicle heat exchange module - Google Patents
Ventilation device with optimised-pitch tubes for a motor vehicle heat exchange moduleInfo
- Publication number
- EP3589845A1 EP3589845A1 EP18723581.7A EP18723581A EP3589845A1 EP 3589845 A1 EP3589845 A1 EP 3589845A1 EP 18723581 A EP18723581 A EP 18723581A EP 3589845 A1 EP3589845 A1 EP 3589845A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- equal
- tubes
- aerodynamic
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
- F01P5/02—Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
- F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
- F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
- F04F5/20—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids for evacuating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
- F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
- F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
- F04F5/466—Arrangements of nozzles with a plurality of nozzles arranged in parallel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ventilation device for a heat exchange module and a heat exchange module for a motor vehicle.
- a heat exchanger generally comprises tubes, in which a coolant is intended to circulate, and heat exchange elements connected to these tubes, often referred to as "fins” or “spacers”.
- the fins increase the heat exchange surface between the tubes and the ambient air.
- a ventilation device is used in addition to generate a flow of air directed to the tubes and fins.
- Such a ventilation device most often comprises a propeller fan, which has many disadvantages.
- the assembly formed by the propeller fan and its motorization system occupies a large volume.
- the distribution of the air ventilated by the propeller is not homogeneous over the entire surface of the heat exchanger.
- certain regions of the heat exchanger such as the ends of the heat pipes and the corners of the heat exchanger, are not or only slightly reached by the air flow ventilated by the propeller.
- the blades of the propeller partially mask the air. 'heat exchanger.
- a portion of the heat exchanger is not or only slightly ventilated by the ambient air flow in this case, which limits the heat exchange between the heat exchanger and the ambient air flow.
- German patent DE 10 2011 120 865 a motor vehicle having a ventilation device and a heat exchanger, the ventilation device being adapted to generate a flow of air through the heat exchanger.
- the ventilation device is adapted to create a secondary air flow from a primary flow emitted from one or more annular elements, the secondary air flow being much stronger than the primary air flow.
- each annular element is supplied with primary air flow by a single fan, disposed outside the annular element, via a channel emerging punctually in the annular element. Consequently, the ejected air flow emitted by the annular element is not homogeneous on the contour of the annular element. On the contrary, the air flow emitted is all the more important as it is close to the fan. It follows the creation of a secondary air flow through the heat exchanger which is also inhomogeneous.
- a ventilation device intended to generate an air flow through a heat exchanger comprising a hollow frame and at least one hollow spacer, dividing the surface delimited by the frame. cells.
- the frame and the spacer (s) are in fluid communication with a feed turbine engine in a flow of air.
- the turbomachine is disposed outside the frame.
- the frame and possibly the spacer or spacers are further provided with an ejection opening of the flow of air flowing through them.
- the ventilation device does not generate a homogeneous air flow through the heat exchanger.
- the air flow emitted by the device is all the more important that it is ejected from the ventilation device near the turbomachine.
- the invention aims to provide a ventilation device does not have at least some of the aforementioned drawbacks.
- the invention proposes a ventilation device intended to generate an air flow towards a motor vehicle heat exchanger, comprising ducts, intended to be traversed by a flow of air, the ducts being provided with at least one passage opening of the air flow, distinct from their ends, the ducts being aligned in a direction perpendicular to an elongation direction of the ducts with a pitch greater than or equal to 15 mm, preferably greater than or equal to equal to 20 mm, more preferably greater than or equal to 23 mm, and less than or equal to 30 mm, preferably less than or equal to 27 mm, more preferably less than or equal to 25 mm.
- the inventors have indeed found that a lower or higher pitch of the tubes reduces the airflow induced by the ventilation device and, with it, the total air flow incident on the heat exchange device associated with the ventilation device.
- the ventilation device comprises one or more of the following features, taken alone or in combination:
- the ducts are substantially rectilinear tubes, aligned so as to form a row of tubes;
- the ventilation device comprises at least one air manifold having orifices, each duct opening at one of its ends into a separate orifice of the air collector, the opening being located outside the at least one collector d air;
- the ventilation device further comprises at least one air propulsion device, the at least one air collector being, if any, supplied with air flow by the at least one air propulsion device, the collectors distributing the supply air flow supplied by the at least one air propulsion device between the ducts;
- the opening is a slot in an outer wall of the duct, the slot extending in a direction of elongation of the duct, preferably on at least 90% of the duct length and / or the height of said at least one opening is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 0.7 mm, and / or less than or equal to 2 mm, preferably less than or equal to 1.5 mm;
- each duct has, on at least one section, a geometric section comprising:
- first and second profiles each extending between the leading edge and the trailing edge
- said at least one opening of the duct being on the first profile, said at least one opening being configured so that the ejected airflow flows along at least a portion of the first profile;
- said at least one opening of the first profile being delimited by an outer lip and an inner lip, an end of the inner lip extends, in the direction of the second profile, beyond a plane normal to the free end of the lip external, the passage section then being defined as the portion of the section of the tube disposed between said end of the inner lip and the trailing edge, on the one hand, and between the first and second profiles, on the other hand;
- the maximum distance between the first and the second profiles, in a direction of alignment of the ducts is downstream of the said at least one opening, in the direction of flow of the said flow of air ejected by the said at least one opening, the maximum distance preferably being greater than or equal to 5 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 10 mm, and / or less than or equal to 20 mm, preferably less than or equal to 15 mm, the maximum distance being even more preferably equal at 11.5 mm;
- the first profile comprises a curved portion whose apex defines the point of the first profile corresponding to the maximum distance, the curved portion being disposed downstream of the opening in the direction of flow of said air flow ejected by said at least one opening ;
- the first profile comprises a first substantially rectilinear portion, preferably downstream of the curved portion in the direction of flow of said air flow ejected by the at least one opening, wherein the second profile comprises a substantially straight portion, s' extending preferably over a majority of the length of the second profile, the first rectilinear portion of the first profile and the rectilinear portion of the second profile forming a non-flat angle, the angle preferably being greater than or equal to 5 °, and / or less or equal to 20 °, more preferably substantially equal to 10 °;
- the first rectilinear part extends over a section of the first profile corresponding to a length, measured in a direction perpendicular to the direction of alignment of the ducts and to a longitudinal direction of the ducts, greater than or equal to 30 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 40 mm, and / or less than or equal to 50 mm;
- the first profile comprises a second rectilinear part, downstream of the first rectilinear part in the direction of flow of the air flow ejected by the at least one opening, the second rectilinear part extending substantially parallel to the straight part of the second profile, the first profile preferably having a third straight portion, downstream of the second straight portion of the first profile, the third straight portion forming a non-flat angle with the rectilinear portion of the second profile, the third straight portion extending substantially to a rounded edge connecting the third straight portion of the first profile and the rectilinear portion of the second profile, the rounded edge defining the trailing edge of the profile of the conduit;
- the distance between the second rectilinear part of the first profile and the rectilinear part of the second profile is greater than or equal to 2 mm and / or less than or equal to 10 mm, preferably less than or equal to 5 mm;
- said geometrical section of the duct has a length, measured in a direction perpendicular to the direction of alignment of the ducts and at a principal direction of extension of the ducts, greater than or equal to 50 mm and / or less than or equal to 80 mm, preferably substantially equal to 60 mm;
- the ventilation device comprises at least a first and a second ducts, the first profile of the first duct being opposite the first profile of the second duct;
- the ventilation device further comprises a third duct, such that the second profile of the second duct faces the second profile of the second duct; third conduit, the distance between the center of the geometrical section of the second conduit and the center of the geometrical section of the third conduit being preferably less than the distance between the center of the geometrical section of the first conduit and the center of the geometrical section of the second conduit; and
- each duct is symmetrical with respect to the plane containing the leading edge and the trailing edge, so that each duct has two symmetrical openings, respectively on the first profile and on the second profile;
- the invention relates to a motor vehicle heat exchange module comprising:
- heat exchanger having a plurality of tubes, called heat-transfer tubes, in which a fluid is intended to circulate, and
- a ventilation device as described above in all its combinations, adapted to generate a flow of air to the heat pipes.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first example of a heat exchange module with a heat exchanger and a part of a ventilation device;
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the heat exchange module of FIG. 1 according to another angle of view;
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a bi-fluid collector of the heat exchange module of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a side view of the bi-fluid collector of FIG. 3 at a first angle of view
- FIG. 5 is a side view of the bi-fluid collector of FIG. 3 along a second angle of view;
- FIG. 6 is a side view of the bi-fluid collector of FIG. 3 along a third angle of view;
- FIG. 7 is a side view of the bi-fluid collector of FIG. 3 and cut along the plane VII-VII;
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the heat exchange module of FIG. 1 cut along the X-X plane;
- FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a portion of ventilation tubes and heat transfer tubes of Figure 1;
- FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view along plane XX of the part ventilation tubes and heat pipes of Figure 1;
- FIG. 11 is a sectional view along the X-X plane of a ventilation tube of Figure 1;
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a second example of a heat exchange module with a heat exchanger and a ventilation device
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a ventilation tube of FIG. 12 cut along plane XIV-XIV;
- Figure 14 is a sectional view along the plane XIV-XIV of a ventilation tube of Figure 12;
- FIGS. 15a and 15b are views similar to FIG. 14 of variants of a third example of a ventilation tube
- Figure 16 is a view similar to Figure 9 according to the third example of the ventilation tube.
- FIG. 17 is a view similar to Figure 13 of a ventilation tube according to a fourth embodiment
- FIG. 18 is a view similar to Figure 11 of a ventilation tube according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic perspective view of a portion of a feed device according to a fourth embodiment of the ventilation tube.
- FIG. 20 is a view similar to Figure 8 of a heat exchange module provided with a ventilation device according to the fourth embodiment of the ventilation tube;
- FIG. 21 is a view similar to Figures 13 and 17 of a ventilation tube according to a fifth embodiment
- FIG. 22 is a view similar to FIG. 20 of a heat exchange module provided with a ventilation device according to the fifth embodiment of the ventilation tube;
- FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a ventilation device according to another example.
- FIG. 24 is a partial perspective view of the device of FIG. 23;
- FIG. 25 is a sectional view along the plane IV-IV of Figure 23;
- FIG. 26 is a perspective view of a ventilation device according to yet another example.
- FIG. 27 is a sectional view along the plane VI-VI of Figure 26;
- FIG. 28 is a partial perspective view of a ventilation device according to another example.
- FIG. 29 is a perspective view of a variant of a turbomachine
- FIG. 30 is a partial perspective view of the turbomachine variant of FIG. 29;
- FIG. 31 is a view similar to Figure 13 of another example of a ventilation tube
- Figure 32 is a sectional view along the plane XXXI-XXXI of another example of a ventilation tube
- FIGS. 33 to 36 are views similar to FIG. 32 of variants of ventilation tubes, FIG. 33 being in particular a sectional view along the plane XXXI-XXXI of the ventilation tube of FIG. 31;
- FIG. 37 represents an example of variation of the static pressure obtained at the level of a heat exchanger as a function of the height of the openings of the ventilation tubes of an example of a ventilation device;
- FIG. 38 schematically represents the variation of the velocity profile of the air in the vicinity of a ventilation tube of an example of a ventilation device
- FIG. 39 represents the variation of the distance required between the ventilation tubes of the ventilation device and the heat transfer tubes of the heat exchanger to ensure a homogeneous mixture between the air ejected by the ventilation tubes and the flow of air. induced air, depending on the speed of the air flow ejected by the ventilation tubes;
- FIG. 40 schematically illustrates steps for manufacturing an example of a bending ventilation tube
- FIG. 41 represents the variation of the total air flow passing through a heat exchanger as a function of the pitch of the tubes of the ventilation device, for three examples of heat exchangers, respectively with low pressure losses, with average pressure losses. and with high pressure drops;
- FIG. 42 shows a longitudinal section another example of a ventilation tube of a ventilation device
- FIGS. 43 to 47 diagrammatically illustrate alternative air flow supply of the air intake manifolds of an example of a ventilation device.
- FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a heat exchange module with a heat exchanger 1 intended to equip a motor vehicle, equipped with a ventilation device 2 according to a first exemplary embodiment.
- the heat exchanger 1 comprises heat-transfer tubes 4 in which a fluid is intended to circulate, in this case water, cooling liquid or refrigerant.
- Heat transfer tubes 4 are here substantially rectilinear and extend in a longitudinal direction. The heat-transfer tubes thus form heat-transfer tubes 4.
- the heat-transfer tubes 4 are parallel to each other and aligned so as to form a row. The tubes are substantially all of the same length.
- each heat transfer tube 4 has a substantially oblong cross section, and is delimited by first 4a and second 4b planar walls which are connected to fins 6 of heat exchange.
- first 4a and second 4b planar walls which are connected to fins 6 of heat exchange.
- the fins 6 are not shown in Figure 1; the fins 6 are nevertheless visible, in particular in Figures 9 and 10.
- the heat exchange module is equipped with a ventilation device 2 comprising a plurality of ventilation ducts 8.
- the ventilation ducts 8, in the same way as the heat-transfer tubes 4, can in particular be substantially rectilinear, so as to
- the ventilation tubes 8 are furthermore parallel to each other and aligned so as to form a row of ventilation tubes 8.
- the ventilation tubes 8 are also of the same length.
- the length of the ventilation tubes 8 is for example substantially equal to the length of the heat-transfer tubes 4.
- the ventilation device 2 is intended to generate a flow of air towards the heat-transfer tubes 4.
- the heat-transfer tubes 4 and the ventilation tubes 8 may all be parallel to each other, as illustrated in FIG. Thus, the rows of ventilation tubes 8 and heat-transfer tubes 4 are themselves parallel. In addition, the ventilation tubes 8 may be arranged so that each of them is opposite a heat-transfer tube 4.
- the number of ventilation tubes 8 can be adapted to the number of heat-transfer tubes 4.
- the ventilation device 2 may comprise, for example, at least ten ventilation tubes 8, preferably at least fifteen ventilation tubes 8, preferably at least twenty-four ventilation tubes 8 and / or not more than fifty ventilation tubes 8, preferably not more than thirty-six ventilation tubes 8, more preferably not more than thirty ventilation tubes 8
- the heat exchanger 1 can for example comprise between sixty and seventy heat transfer tubes 4.
- the tubes and the number of ventilation tubes 8 of the ventilation device 2 may be such that a minimum air passage section between the tubes of the ventilation device, defined in a plane substantially perpendicular to the flow of air through the ventilation device. 1, is between 15 and 50% of the surface, preferably between 20 and 40%, and more preferably between 25 and 30%, defined in a plane perpendicular to the flow of air through the exchanger of heat, between two extremal heat-transfer tubes.
- the front surface of the ventilation tubes 8 measured in a plane substantially perpendicular to the air flow passing through the heat exchanger 1, is less than 85% of the front surface occupied by the heat-transfer tubes 4.
- the row of ventilation tubes 8 can be arranged at a distance less than or equal to 150 mm from the row of heat transfer tubes 4, preferably less than or equal to 100 mm. This distance is preferably greater than or equal to 5 mm, preferably greater than 40 mm.
- a too short distance between the ventilation tubes 8 and the heat-transfer tubes 4 may not allow a homogeneous mixture of air flow ejected by the ventilation tubes 8 with the induced air flow.
- An inhomogeneous mixture does not make it possible to cool the heat-transfer tubes 4 in a homogeneous manner, to correctly entrain the ambient air towards the heat-transfer tubes, and also to induce loss of charges which can be high.
- the height of the row of ventilation tubes 8 (the term height here referring to the dimension corresponding to the direction in which the ventilation tubes 8 are aligned) is substantially equal to or less than that of the height of the row of heat transfer tubes 4, that is to say generally between 400 and 700 mm.
- the height of the row of tubes 4 heat transfer is 431 mm, we can ensure that the height of the row of ventilation tubes 8 is substantially equal to or less than this value.
- the ventilation device 2 further comprises a supply device 10 supplying air to the ventilation tubes 8 and supplying fluid to the heat-transfer tubes 4, a portion of the elements constituting it has been shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the feed device 10 comprises two bi-fluid manifolds 12, arranged at two opposite ends of the ventilation device 2, but only one of which has been shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of clarity.
- the bi-fluid manifold 12 comprises, on the one hand, an intake or fluid evacuation manifold 14 to which all the heat-transfer tubes 4 are connected and, on the other hand, an air intake manifold 16 to which are connected all the ventilation tubes 8.
- the fluid flowing in the heat transfer tubes 4 is for example water, coolant or refrigerant.
- the heat transfer tubes 4 are connected to the same fluid manifold 14 via one of their ends comprising a fluid intake inlet 18, and the ventilation tubes 8 are connected to the same air intake manifold 16 via one of their ends, comprising an air intake inlet 20.
- all the fluid intake inlets 18 and all the fluid outlets, on the one hand, and all the air intake inlets 20, on the other hand, can be respectively contained in the same plane.
- the fluid intake manifold 14 is connected to a device for moving fluid through a fluid supply duct 22 (visible in FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 6) opening into the fluid intake manifold. 14.
- This fluid moving device is a conventional fluid setting device for a motor vehicle heat exchanger, it has not been shown in the figures and will not be described here.
- the air intake manifold 16 is connected to air propulsion devices 21 (which can also be called “means for moving air” or “means for generating an air flow By an air supply duct 24 (visible in FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 6) opening into the air intake manifold 16.
- the air propulsion devices 21 may be for example one or more turbomachines, and / or one or more centrifugal fans, axial, tangential or return flow (called “mixed flow fan” in English).
- the propulsion devices of an air flow supplying the at least one air collector and the ventilation tubes may be installed at a distance from the at least one air collector and the ventilation tubes. .
- This offers more freedom in the design of the heat exchange module including the ventilation device and the heat exchanger. This also makes it possible not to encumber the passage section of the air towards the heat exchanger, as is the case with the drive motors of the fans of conventional fans for a motor vehicle.
- the air propulsion devices 21 are, for example, a turbomachine 23, shown in FIG. 2, where the latter feeds the two air intake manifolds 16 with two bi-fluid manifolds 12 arranged at each end of the engine. heat exchanger 1, that is to say at each end of the ventilation tubes 8 and heat transfer tubes 4.
- a turbomachine 23 can feed a single intake manifold 16 and not two.
- one or more turbomachines can be implemented to supply each air intake manifold 16 or all the air intake manifolds 16.
- each air intake manifold 16 is devoid of any other opening than the orifices in which the ventilation tubes 8 open and mouths intended to be in fluid communication with one or more turbomachines for supplying air flow.
- each air intake manifold 16 is preferably devoid of an opening oriented towards the heat exchanger 1, which in this case would make it possible to eject a part of the flow of air flowing through the collector.
- all the air flow created by the turbine engine or turbomachines or the air collectors 16 is preferably distributed between substantially all the ventilation tubes 8. This allows a more homogeneous distribution of this air flow.
- the air propulsion devices 21 may be remote from the ventilation tubes 8 via the air intake manifolds 16, as shown in FIG. 2 where the air propulsion device 21 is not directly adjacent to the air intake manifolds 16.
- each air intake manifold 16 may for example be tubular. In the first embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 11, the air intake manifolds 16 extend in the same direction, which is here perpendicular to the elongation direction (or longitudinal direction) of the heat-transfer tubes 4 and ventilation 8.
- the fluid intake manifold 14 and the air intake manifold 16 can be made within the same room.
- the fluid intake manifold 14 and the air intake manifold 16 can be nested one inside the other.
- the fluid intake manifold 14 and the air intake manifold 16 may be at least partially included in each other.
- the air intake manifold 16 fits or encloses the fluid intake manifold 14, which is embedded in the air intake manifold.
- the air intake manifold 16 is fitted into the fluid intake manifold 14.
- the fluid intake manifold 14 comprises a central compartment 26 of substantially parallelepipedal general shape, having a projecting portion 28 in which opens the fluid supply conduit 22, this projecting portion 28 conforming to the tubular shape of the end 22e of the fluid supply duct 22.
- the central compartment 26 of the air intake manifold 16 comprises a fluid ejection opening 30 of substantially rectangular cross section, made in an ejection face 32 of the central compartment 26.
- the ejection face 32 extends opposite the fluid intake inlets 18 of the heat transfer tubes 4 to supply them with fluid.
- the ejection face 32 preferably extends in a plane normal to the elongation direction of the heat-transfer tubes 4.
- the fluid ejection opening 28 is intended, in a conventional manner, to be closed by a plate, often called a collector plate, arranged facing the ejection face 32.
- the collector plate is in particular visible on the left part of FIG.
- the air intake manifold 16 comprises a plurality of air ejection orifices each formed at the top of a respective tubular portion 36, each air ejection port being connected to a ventilation tube 8, and more particularly by its inlet inlet 20 at the end of the ventilation tube 8.
- the central compartment 26 of the fluid intake manifold 14 is nested, or encased, in the air intake manifold 16 which matches its shape.
- the air intake manifold 16 envelopes the five faces of the central compartment 26 with the exception of the ejection face 32, as well as the shape of the projecting portion 28.
- the intake manifold air 16 comprises a convex portion 34 which matches the tubular shape of the end 22e of the fluid intake duct.
- the air intake manifolds 16 and the fluid manifolds 14 are nested, it is not necessary to provide two manifolds on each side of the heat exchange module.
- two bi-fluid manifolds 12 are sufficient, a bi-fluid manifold 12 being disposed on each side of the heat exchange module.
- a bi-fluid collector 12, made in one piece, has a greater mechanical strength than two collectors adjacent or arranged side by side.
- the fluid intake manifold 14 and the air intake manifold 16 are integrally formed with each other.
- the fluid intake manifold 14 and the air intake manifold 16 are assembled, for example by brazing, gluing or crimping.
- the fluid intake manifold 14 and the air intake manifold 16 are both made of aluminum, polymeric material or polyamide, preferably PA66.
- the ventilation tubes 8 will now be described in greater detail with reference to FIGS. 8 to 11 of the ventilation device 2 of the heat exchange module.
- the ventilation tubes 8 are called aerodynamic tubes 8. It may be noted here that the shape of the ventilation tubes 8 is a priori independent of the configuration of the air intake manifolds, whether or not , made in one piece with the intake manifolds and fluid evacuation of the heat exchanger.
- An aerodynamic tube 8 as shown in FIG. 11 for example, has on at least one portion, preferably over substantially its entire length, a cross section comprising a leading edge 37, a trailing edge 38 opposite the edge 37 and here, disposed opposite the heat transfer tubes 4, and a first and a second profiles 42, 44, each extending between the leading edge 37 and the trailing edge 38.
- the leading edge 37 is for example defined as the point at the front of the section of the aerodynamic tube 8 where the radius of curvature of the section is minimal.
- the front of the section of the aerodynamic tube 8 can be defined as the portion of the section of the aerodynamic tube which is opposite - that is to say which is not in front of - the heat exchanger 1.
- the trailing edge 38 may be defined as the point at the rear of the section of the aerodynamic tube 8 where the radius of curvature of the section is minimal.
- the rear of the section of the aerodynamic tube 8 can be defined, for example, as the portion of the section of the aerodynamic tube 8 which faces the heat exchanger 1.
- the distance c between the leading edge 37 and the trailing edge 38 is for example between 50 mm and 70 mm. This distance is here measured in a direction perpendicular to the alignment direction of the row of aerodynamic tubes 8 and the longitudinal direction of the aerodynamic tubes 8
- leading edge 37 is free. In this figure also, the leading edge 37 is defined on a parabolic portion of the section of the aerodynamic tube 8.
- the aerodynamic tube 8 illustrated in FIG. 11 also comprises at least one opening 40 for ejecting a stream of air passing through the aerodynamic tube 8, outside the aerodynamic tube 8 and the air intake manifold 16, in particular substantially towards the heat exchanger 1.
- the opening or each opening 40 is for example a slot in an outer wall 41 of the aerodynamic tube 8, the slot or slots extending for example in the direction of extension of the aerodynamic tube 8 in which they are made.
- the total length of the opening 40 or openings may be greater than 90% of the length of the aerodynamic tube.
- Each opening 40 is distinct from the ends of the aerodynamic tube 8, through which the aerodynamic tube 8 opens into an air collector 16.
- Each opening 40 is also outside the air collector 16.
- the slot shape allows constitute a large air passage 46 towards the heat exchanger 1 without greatly reducing the mechanical strength of the aerodynamic tubes 8.
- each opening 40 of the aerodynamic tube 8 may be identical to the opening 40 described.
- the opening 40 is for example disposed near the leading edge 37.
- the opening 40 is on the first profile 42.
- the second profile 44 is devoid of opening 40.
- the opening 40 in the first profile 42 is configured so that the flow of air ejected through the opening 40 flows along at least a portion of the first profile 42.
- the aerodynamic tubes 8 of the ventilation device 2 can be oriented alternately with the first profile 42 or the second profile 44 facing upwards of this FIG. 8.
- two aerodynamic tubes 8 adjacent to each other. are such that their first profiles 42 are vis-à-vis or, conversely, their second profiles 44 are vis-à-vis.
- the distance between two adjacent aerodynamic tubes 8 whose second profiles 44 are facing each other is less than the distance between two adjacent aerodynamic tubes 8 whose first profiles 42 are facing each other.
- the distance between the center of the geometrical section of a first aerodynamic tube 8 and the center of the geometrical section of a second aerodynamic tube 8, such that the first profile 42 of the first aerodynamic tube 8 is opposite the first profile 42 of the second aerodynamic tube 8, measured according to the alignment direction of the aerodynamic tubes 8 is greater than or equal to 15 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 20 mm, and / or less than or equal to 30 mm, preferably less than or equal to 30 mm; or equal to 25 mm.
- the air flows F ejected by these openings 40 thus create an air passage 46 in which a part, called induced air I, of the ambient air A is driven by suction.
- the flow of air ejected through the openings 40 runs along at least part of the first profile 42 of the aerodynamic tube 8, for example by Coanda effect, as illustrated for example in FIG. 9. Taking advantage of this phenomenon it is possible, thanks to the entrainment of the ambient air A in the created air passage 46, to obtain a flow of air sent to the heat-transfer tubes identical to that generated by a propeller fan while consuming less energy.
- the air flow sent to the row of heat transfer tubes 4 is the sum of the air flow F ejected by the slots and induced air I.
- a power turbine engine reduced compared to a conventional fan propeller, generally implemented in the context of such a heat exchange module.
- a first profile 42 having a Coanda surface also makes it possible not to have to orient the openings 40 directly towards the heat-transfer tubes 4, and thus to limit the size of the aerodynamic tubes. It is thus possible to maintain a larger passage section between the aerodynamic tubes 8, which promotes the formation of a greater induced air flow.
- the opening 40 is, in Figure 11, delimited by lips 40a, 40b.
- the spacing e between the lips 40a, 40b, which defines the height of the opening 40 may be greater than or equal to 0.3 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, more preferably greater than or equal to 0.7 mm and / or less than 2 mm, preferably less than or equal to 1.5 mm, more preferably less than 0.9 mm, more preferably less than or equal to 0.7 mm.
- the height of the slot is the size of this slot in the direction perpendicular to its length.
- the heat exchange module may comprise one or more heat exchangers of which one, several or all the exchangers can be cooled by the ventilation device.
- a slot height too low induces high pressure losses in the ventilation device, which involves using an air propulsion device or several oversized (s). This can lead to additional cost and / or create a space incompatible with the space available in the vicinity of the heat exchange module in the motor vehicle.
- the height of the opening or openings 40 of the ventilation tubes 8 of the device ventilation 2 can be chosen according to said pressure drop caused by the heat exchanger 1.
- the height of the opening (s) 40 of the ventilation tubes 8 and the overpressure generated by the ventilation device 2 may thus notably be connected by the equation:
- E is the height of the opening or openings of the ducts 8 of the ventilation device.
- the outer (or outer) lip 40a here consists of the extension of the wall of the aerodynamic tube 8 defining the leading edge 37.
- the inner (or inner) lip 40b is constituted by a curved portion 50 of the first profile 42.
- end 51 of the inner lip 40b can extend, as shown in Figure 11, in the direction of the second profile 44, beyond a plane L normal to the free end of the outer lip 40a.
- the end 51 of the inner lip 40b can extend, towards the leading edge 37, beyond the normal plane L at the free end of the outer lip 40a.
- the end 51 can then contribute to directing the flow of air flowing in the aerodynamic tube 8 towards the opening 40.
- the opening 40 of the aerodynamic tube 8 can be configured so that a flow of air flowing in this aerodynamic tube 8 is ejected through this opening 40, flowing along the first profile 42 substantially to the trailing edge 38 of the aerodynamic tube 8.
- the flow of airflow along the first profile 42 may result from the Coanda effect. It is recalled that the Coanda effect is an aerodynamic phenomenon that results in the fact that a fluid flowing along a surface at a short distance from it tends to outcrop or even hang on it.
- the maximum distance h between the first 42 and the second 44 profiles, measured according to an alignment direction of the aerodynamic tubes 8, is downstream of the opening 40.
- the maximum distance h may be greater than 10 mm, preferably greater than 11 mm and / or less than 20 mm, preferably less than 15 mm.
- the maximum distance h is substantially equal to 11.5 mm.
- a height h too low can cause significant pressure losses in the aerodynamic tube 8 which could require to implement a turbomachine more powerful and therefore more voluminous.
- a height h too large limits the section of passage between the aerodynamic tubes for the aerodynamic tubes. induced air flow. The total air flow directed to the heat exchanger can then be reduced as well.
- the first profile 42 here comprises a curved portion 50 whose apex defines the point of the first profile 42 corresponding to the maximum distance h.
- the curved portion 50 may be disposed downstream of the opening 40 in the direction of ejection of the air flow.
- the convex portion 50 may be contiguous with the inner lip 40b delimiting the opening 40.
- the first profile 42 of the aerodynamic tube 8 of the example of Figure 11 comprises a first portion 52 substantially straight.
- the second profile 44 comprises, in the example illustrated in FIG. 11, a substantially rectilinear portion 48 extending preferably over a majority of the length of the second profile 44.
- the length I of the first rectilinear portion 52 measured in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the aerodynamic tube 8 and the alignment direction of the row of aerodynamic tubes, may be greater than or equal to 20 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 30 mm, and / or less than or equal to at 60 mm.
- this first rectilinear part is desired in particular to ensure the guiding of the air flow ejected from the opening 40.
- the length of this first rectilinear part is however limited because of the corresponding size of the ventilation device and its consequences on the packaging of the ventilation device or the heat exchange module.
- the first rectilinear portion 52 of the first profile 42 and the straight portion 48 of the second profile 44 may form a non-flat angle ⁇ .
- the angle ⁇ thus formed may in particular be greater than or equal to 5 °, and / or less than or equal to 20 °, more preferably substantially equal to 10 °.
- This angle of the first rectilinear part 52 with respect to the straight portion 48 of the second profile 44 makes it possible to accentuate the expansion of the total air flow.
- An angle ⁇ too great, however, may prevent the realization of the Coanda effect, so that the flow of air ejected through the opening 40 may not follow the first profile 42 and, therefore, not to be oriented correctly towards the heat exchanger 1.
- the first profile 42 may comprise, as illustrated in FIG. 11, a second rectilinear portion 38a, downstream of the first straight portion 52, in the direction of ejection of the airflow, the second straight portion 38a extending substantially parallel to the rectilinear portion 48 of the second profile 44.
- the first profile 42 may also include a third straight portion 54, downstream of the second straight portion 38a of the first profile 42.
- the third straight portion 54 may form a non-flat angle with the rectilinear portion 48 of the second profile 44.
- the third rectilinear portion 54 may extend, as illustrated, substantially to a rounded edge connecting the third rectilinear portion 54 of the first profile 42 and to the straight portion 48 of the second profile 44. rounded edge can define the trailing edge 38 of the cross section of the aerodynamic tube 8.
- the rectilinear portion 48 of the second profile 44 extends in the example of Figure 11 over the majority of the length c of the cross section.
- This length c is measured in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the aerodynamic tubes 8 and to the alignment direction of the row of aerodynamic tubes 8. This direction corresponds, in the example of FIG. 11, substantially to the direction of the flow of the induced air flow.
- the length c of the cross section (or width of the aerodynamic tube 8) may be greater than or equal to 50 mm and / or less than or equal to 80 mm, preferably substantially equal to 60 mm.
- the inventors have found that a relatively large length of the cross section of the aerodynamic tube makes it possible to more effectively guide the flow of air ejected through the opening 40 and the induced air flow, which mixes with this flow of air ejected.
- too great a length of the cross section of the aerodynamic tube 8 poses a problem of packaging of the ventilation device 2.
- the size of the heat exchange module may then be too large compared to the place that is available in the motor vehicle in which it is intended to be mounted.
- the packaging of the heat exchange module or the ventilation device can also be problematic in this case.
- the second rectilinear portion 38a of the first profile 42 and the portion 38b of the rectilinear portion 48 of the second profile 44 facing it are parallel.
- the distance f between this second rectilinear portion 38a and the portion 38b of the rectilinear portion 48 of the second profile 44 may be greater than or equal to 1 mm and / or less than or equal to 10 mm, preferably less than or equal to 5 mm. mm.
- FIG. 11 further illustrates that the cross section (or geometrical section) of the aerodynamic tube 8 delimits a passage section S for the flow of air passing through the aerodynamic tube 8.
- This passage section S is here defined by the walls of the aerodynamic tube 8 and the segment extending in the alignment direction of the aerodynamic tubes 8 between the second profile 44 and the end of the end 51 of the inner lip 40b.
- This passage section may have an area greater than or equal to 150 mm 2 , preferably greater than or equal to 200 mm 2 , and / or less than or equal to 700 mm 2 , preferably less than or equal to 650 mm 2 .
- a passage section of the air flow in the relatively large aerodynamic tube 8 makes it possible to limit the pressure drops which would have the consequence of having to oversize the turbomachine used to obtain an air flow ejected by the desired opening 40.
- a large passage section induces a large size of the aerodynamic tube 8.
- a larger passage section may affect the passage section of the induced air flow between the aerodynamic tubes 8 , thus not making it possible to obtain a satisfactory total flow of air directed towards the heat-transfer tubes 4.
- each aerodynamic tube 8 is vis-à-vis the front face 4f connecting the first 4a and second 4b planar walls of a heat pipe 4 corresponding.
- each aerodynamic tube 8 is included in the volume defined by the first 4a and second 4b planar walls of the heat pipe 4 corresponding.
- the second rectilinear portion 38a of the first profile and the rectilinear portion 48 of the second profile 44 are respectively contained in the same plane (shown in dashed lines in this figure 10) as the first plane wall 4a and the second flat wall 4b of the tube. coolant 4 corresponding.
- the distance f between the second rectilinear portion 38a of the first profile 42 and the portion 38b of the rectilinear portion 48 of the second profile 44 which faces it is substantially equal to the distance separating the first wall 4a and the second wall 4b heat transport tube 4 vis-à-vis which the aerodynamic tube 8 is disposed.
- this distance f is greater than or equal to 1 mm and / or less than or equal to 10 mm, preferably less than or equal to 5 mm.
- the distance f between the second rectilinear portion 38a of the first profile 42 and the portion 38b of the rectilinear portion 48 of the second profile 44, which faces it, may however be less than the distance between the first wall 4a and the second wall 4b of the heat transfer tube vis-à-vis which the aerodynamic tube 8 is disposed.
- two heat transfer tubes 4 are contained in the volume defined by the air passage defined by the two aerodynamic tubes 8 of the same pair (see Figures 9 and 10).
- a single heat-transfer tube 4, or three or four heat-transfer tubes 4 are contained in this volume.
- an aerodynamic tube 8 it is conceivable for an aerodynamic tube 8 to be disposed opposite each heat transfer tube 4, as in the second and third embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 12 to 14, and 15a, 15b and 16. , respectively.
- the aerodynamic ducts 8 are substantially rectilinear, parallel to each other and aligned so as to form a row of aerodynamic tubes 8.
- first and second profiles 42, 44 of each aerodynamic tube 8 are here symmetrical with respect to a plane C-C, or chord plane, passing through the leading edge 37 and the trailing edge 38 of the aerodynamic tube 8.
- each of these profiles 42, 44 is provided with an opening 40.
- at least a first opening 40 is formed on the first profile 42, which is configured so that a air flow exiting the first opening 40 flows along at least a portion of the first profile 42.
- at least one second opening 40 is present on the second profile 44, which is configured so that an air flow exiting the second opening 40 flows along at least a portion of the second profile 44. for the first embodiment, this can be achieved here by implementing the Coanda effect.
- the distance c between the leading edge 37 and the trailing edge 38 can also here be greater than or equal to 50 mm and / or less than or equal to 80 mm.
- the length c may be equal to 60 mm.
- the openings 40 are similar to those of the first example described.
- the distance e between the inner and outer lips 40b and 40a of each opening 40 may be greater than or equal to 0.3 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, more preferably greater than or equal to 0.7 mm. , and / or less than or equal to 2 mm, preferably less than or equal to 1.5 mm, more preferably less than or equal to 0.9 mm and more preferably less than or equal to 0.7 mm.
- the profiles 42, 44 are symmetrical with respect to the chord plane CC passing through the leading edge 37 and the trailing edge 38 of the aerodynamic tube 8 makes it possible to limit the obstruction to the air flow between the device of FIG. ventilation 2 and heat pipes 4, while creating more active air passages in the volume available in front of the heat pipes 4.
- the symmetry of the profiles 42, 44 allows to have an air ejection along each side of the aerodynamic tubes 8.
- This embodiment avoids dead air blast zones (zones between two tubes of the ventilation device 2 and at which the ambient air A is not driven by the air ejected F by the tubes), which can for example exist between two aerodynamic tubes 8 of the ventilation device 2 according to the embodiment of Figure 8 (in this case between two aerodynamic tubes 8 neighbors whose second profiles 44 are respectivelyin vis-à-vis).
- FIG. 16 illustrates a heat exchange module comprising aerodynamic tubes according to the third exemplary embodiment
- the arrangement of these aerodynamic tubes can be implemented also with aerodynamic tubes according to the invention.
- the pitch between two adjacent aerodynamic tubes 8 may, in this case, be greater than or equal to 15 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 20 mm, more preferably greater than or equal to 23 mm and / or less than or equal to 30 mm, of preferably less than or equal to 27 mm, more preferably less than or equal to 25 mm. Indeed, as shown in Figure 41, for three different higher or lower pressure losses corresponding to different heat exchangers, a maximum total air flow is reached in these ranges. If the pitch between the aerodynamic tubes 8 is lower, the induced air flow is limited by a passage section between the low aerodynamic tubes. On the contrary, if the pitch is too large, the ejected airflow does not correctly create a induced airflow on the entire pitch between the neighboring aerodynamic tubes.
- the pitch between two adjacent aerodynamic tubes 8 can in particular be defined as the distance between the center of the cross section of two adjacent aerodynamic tubes 8 or, more generally, as the distance between a reference point on a first aerodynamic tube 8 and the point corresponding to the reference point, on the nearest aerodynamic tube 8.
- the reference point may especially be one of the leading edge 37, the trailing edge 38 or the top of the curved portion 50.
- the distance D between the aerodynamic tubes 8 and the heat-transfer tubes 4 may in particular be chosen greater than or equal to 5 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 40 mm, and / or less than or equal to 150 mm, preferably less than or equal to 100 mm. mm.
- FIG. 38 which illustrates the variation of the velocity profile of the air in the vicinity of an aerodynamic tube
- the peak velocity of this profile tends to be reduced by deviating from the opening 40 in the aerodynamic tube.
- the absence of peak reflects a homogeneous mixture of the air flow ejected by the opening 40 and the induced air flow. It is preferable that such a homogeneous mixture is produced before the air flow arrives on the heat-transfer tubes 4.
- an air flow incident on the heat-transfer tubes which is heterogeneous, does not allow optimum cooling of the heat-exchange tubes. heat transfer tubes and induces greater losses.
- the distance D between the aerodynamic tubes and the heat transfer tubes is preferably contained to limit the size of the cooling module.
- FIG. 39 illustrates the variation of the length necessary to obtain a homogeneous mixture of the flow of air ejected by the opening 40 and of the induced air flow, as a function of the speed of the air flow ejected.
- This figure 39 shows that for a distance D between 5 mm and 150 mm, the mixture incident on the heat transfer tubes 4 is substantially always homogeneous.
- This range of 5 mm and 150 mm, and in particular 40 to 100 mm, provides a good compromise to maintain a certain compactness of the heat exchange module while providing a homogeneous mixture of ejected air flow with the air flow. armature.
- the first and second profiles 42, 44 of the aerodynamic tube 8 converge towards the trailing edge 38 so that the distance between the first and second profiles 42, 44 decreases strictly towards the trailing edge 38 from a point of these first and second profiles 42, 44 corresponding to the maximum distance h between these two profiles, these points of the first and second profiles 42, 44 being downstream of the openings 40 in the direction of flow of the air flow ejected through the opening 40.
- the first and second profiles 42, 44 each form an angle of between 5 and 10 ° with the symmetry rope CC of the cross section of the aerodynamic tube 8.
- the airfoil does not include a portion delimited by first and second parallel opposed planar walls. This has the advantage of limiting the drag along the aerodynamic profile of the aerodynamic tube 8.
- the maximum distance h between the first profile 42 and the second profile 44 may be greater than or equal to 10 mm and / or less than or equal to 30 mm. In particular, this maximum distance h can be equal to 11.5 mm. In the example shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, this distance becomes zero at the trailing edge 38.
- the aerodynamic tubes 8 comprise, in this second embodiment, guiding means 56 for the flow of air flowing towards the opening 40.
- the guiding means 56 guide the air from the air intake manifold 16, introduced into the aerodynamic tube 8 via the air intake inlets 20. In fact, given the orientation of the inputs 20, the air from the air intake manifold 16 initially flows into the aerodynamic tube 8 in a substantially longitudinal direction of the aerodynamic tube 8.
- the guide means 56 serve to facilitate the deflection the flow of air so that it is directed towards the openings 40. In other words, the guide means 56 facilitate the "turning" of the air flow from the inlet ports 20 to the opening 40 practiced in the outer wall 41 of the aerodynamic tube.
- all the aerodynamic tubes 8 comprise such guiding means 56 of the air flow.
- These guide means 56 here take the form of a plurality of deflectors 58 integral with the aerodynamic tube 8 which is provided.
- the deflectors 58 are preferably arranged regularly along the aerodynamic tube 8. The number of deflectors 58 may naturally vary.
- the deflectors 58 are preferably disposed near the opening 40, as can be seen in FIG. 13, and more particularly connect the profiles 42 and 44 of the tube aerodynamic 8. To facilitate the guidance of the air flow, they extend in a plane substantially normal to the longitudinal direction of the aerodynamic tube 8.
- aerodynamic tubes 8 whose first and second profiles 42, 44 are not symmetrical with respect to the chord plane CC, such as those of the first embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6, may also comprise airflow guiding means similar to those of the second embodiment.
- the feed device 10 of the heat exchanger is composed of two pairs of fluid collectors 14 and This is an alternative to the use of bi-fluid intake manifolds 12 of the first embodiment.
- the use of two bi-fluid intake manifolds 12 is quite possible in this second embodiment, and is even a preferred variant.
- each air intake manifold 16 is devoid of any other opening than the orifices in which the aerodynamic tubes 8 open and any mouths intended to be in fluid communication with one or more turbomachines for supplying fuel. air flow the air intake manifold considered.
- each air intake manifold 16 is preferably devoid of an opening oriented towards the heat exchanger 1, which in this case would make it possible to eject a part of the flow of air flowing through the collector. air 16, directly towards the heat exchanger 1, without traversing at least a portion of an aerodynamic tube 8.
- all the air flow created by the turbine engine or turbomachines or the air collectors 16 is preferably distributed between substantially all aerodynamic tubes 8. This allows a more homogeneous distribution of this air flow.
- the trailing edge 38 is formed by the apex joining two straight symmetrical portions 60 of the first profile 42 and the second profile 44 of each aerodynamic tube 8.
- the trailing edge 38 is the point of the cross section of the aerodynamic tube 8 located closest to the heat exchanger.
- the angle formed by the two rectilinear portions 60 is less than 180 °, especially less than 90 °.
- the trailing edge 38 is disposed between the two rectilinear portions 38a, 38b of the first and second profiles 42, 44.
- the angle formed by the rectilinear portions 60 is here greater than 90 °, in particular greater than 180 °.
- the aerodynamic tubes 8 of the third embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 14, 15a, 15b may also include means 56 for guiding the flow of air similar to those of the second embodiment.
- At least one aerodynamic tube 8 of the ventilation device 2 is integral with a heat-transfer tube 4 of the heat exchanger 1.
- each aerodynamic tube 8 and the heat pipe 4 associated form a single piece.
- all the aerodynamic tubes 8 are each integral with a heat-transfer tube 4. However, it can be envisaged that only a portion of the aerodynamic tubes 8 are integral with one or more heat-transfer tubes 4. Furthermore, a single heat-transfer tube 4 is disposed between two aerodynamic tubes 8, but it could be envisaged that several heat-transfer tubes 4 are arranged between two aerodynamic tubes 8, or that all the heat-transfer tubes 4 are connected to aerodynamic tubes 8.
- each aerodynamic tube 8 is connected to a heat-transfer tube 4 by its trailing edge 38.
- each aerodynamic tube 8 is connected to a heat-transfer tube 4 by a substantially plane connecting wall 62 extending from the trailing edge 38 of the aerodynamic tube 8.
- the connecting wall 62 preferably extends in a plane connecting the leading edge 37 to the trailing edge 38, in order to limit as much as possible the disturbances of the flow of air coming from the opening 40. along the first profile 42 and the second profile 44, as the case may be (in FIGS. 17 and 18, along the first profile 42 only).
- the connecting wall 62 preferably extends in a plane parallel to the first 4a, and second 4b planar walls. heat transfer tube 4, as can be seen in Figures 17 and 21.
- the aerodynamic tube 8 has a section similar to that of the first embodiment.
- the sizing quantities already given with regard to this first exemplary embodiment are thus valid here in the context of this fourth exemplary embodiment.
- the aerodynamic tube 8 also comprises a mechanical reinforcement 64 connecting the end 51 of the inner lip 40b to the right portion 48 of the second profile 44.
- the mechanical reinforcement 64 takes the form of reinforcement walls. Each reinforcing wall may extend over a small portion of the length of the aerodynamic tube 8. However, the dimensions of the reinforcement walls may vary.
- the aerodynamic tube 8 connected to the heat transfer tube 4 can be obtained by folding an aluminum foil for example, or by three-dimensional printing.
- the aerodynamic tube may in particular be plastic, in particular polyamide, or metal, especially aluminum or aluminum alloy.
- the fluid collector (s) 6 and the air intake manifold (s) 16 may advantageously be mounted in one piece, as can be seen in Figures 20 and 22, and as already described in the context of the first embodiment.
- the air intake manifold 16 is integral with the fluid manifold 14.
- the fluid inlets or outlets 18 (FIG. according to whether it is a fluid intake manifold or a fluid discharge manifold) and air 20 are in contact with a common manifold plate 66 to the two fluid manifolds 14 and air 16.
- a separating plate 68 defines the compartments of air and fluid.
- the fifth exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 21 and 22, is similar to the fourth embodiment and differs only in that the first and second profiles 42, 44 of each aerodynamic tube 8 are symmetrical with respect to a plane rope passing through the leading edge 37 and the trailing edge 38 of the aerodynamic tube 8, as in the second and third embodiments.
- the sizing data indicated for these second and third exemplary embodiments remain valid for this fifth exemplary embodiment.
- the cross section of the aerodynamic tubes 8 is in this fifth exemplary embodiment, identical to that of the aerodynamic tubes 8 of the second embodiment.
- the aerodynamic tubes 8 are provided with airflow guiding means 56 in the form of deflectors 58 similar to those of the second embodiment.
- the aerodynamic tubes 8 of the ventilation device 2 are substantially rectilinear, parallel to each other and aligned so as to form a row of aerodynamic tubes 8.
- the heat-transfer tubes 4 and the aerodynamic tubes 8 are all parallel to each other.
- the rows of aerodynamic tubes 8 and heat transfer tubes 4 are themselves parallel.
- the aerodynamic tubes 8 are arranged so that each of them is opposite a heat-transfer tube 4.
- the ventilation device 2 further comprises at least one air manifold 16 connecting one end of each aerodynamic tube 8, comprising an air intake inlet 20, in order to supply air to the inside of the aerodynamic tubes 8, which allows to send air homogeneously to the inside of each aerodynamic tube 8.
- each air collector 16 can allow a flow and a pressure of substantially identical air at each end 20 of each aerodynamic tube 8 connected to the air collector 16, especially when an air propulsion device is integrated with the air collector 16.
- the ventilation device 2 comprises two air collectors 16.
- the aerodynamic tubes 8 are, preferably, connected at each of their ends to one of the collectors. air 16 to homogenize the air flow along each aerodynamic tube 8.
- each air collector 16 is made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, polymeric material or polyamide, preferably PA66 .
- each air intake manifold 16 is here devoid of any other opening than the orifices in which the ventilation tubes 8 open.
- each air intake manifold 16 is preferably free of an opening oriented towards direction of the heat exchanger 1, which would in this case to eject a portion of the air flow through the air collector 16, directly towards the heat exchanger 1, without browsing at least a portion a ventilation tube 8.
- each air manifold 16 receives at least one air propulsion device 21, arranged to suck air and send it inside each aerodynamic tube 8, this integration allowing in particular optimize the space needed.
- air manifolds 16 could also be used to collect the fluid from the heat pipes 4 (as described and illustrated for the first embodiment of Figures 1 to 7).
- each air collector 16 is substantially cylindrical (according to another possible alternative, they could be oblong) and comprises a substantially vertical series of orifices intended to receive, each, an end of
- each air manifold 16 has at least one air suction opening 17 located on its outer surface substantially symmetrically with respect to said series of orifices to allow said at least one an air propulsion device 21 to be supplied with ambient air.
- each air manifold 16 comprises a single opening 17.
- an air collector 16 may comprise several openings, preferably evenly distributed over the height of the collector 16.
- the opening 17 may have a substantially oblong shape.
- the opening 17 has a length preferably at least of the order of 50% of a length of the air collector 16.
- the opening 17 extends substantially over the entire height of the cylinder of its associated air collector 16.
- each air collector 16 comprises an air propulsion device 21, for example formed by a turbomachine or a tangential fan 23 as best seen in FIG. 24.
- Each turbomachine or tangential fan 23 may include in particular an actuator 29 moving on command a blade wheel 33 filling substantially the entire interior of its associated air collector 16.
- the actuator 29 may be of the mechanical, electrical or pneumatic type.
- each air collector 16 is substantially cylindrical (according to another possible alternative, they could be oblong) and comprises a substantially vertical series of orifices (here eighteen in number). by way of example) intended to each receive one end of one of the aerodynamic tubes 8 (also eighteen in this example).
- each air manifold 16 has at least one air suction opening 17 situated at one of its ends in a manner substantially perpendicular to said series of orifices to allow said at least one propulsion device. air 21 to be supplied with ambient air.
- each air collector 16 comprises a single opening 17 of substantially circular shape, disposed at one end of the overall longitudinal shape of the air collector, and over substantially the entire internal diameter of the air cylinder. its associated air collector 16.
- each air collector 16 comprises an air propulsion device 21 formed by a turbomachine or a tangential fan 23 as best seen in FIG. 27. More precisely, each tangential fan 23 comprises an actuator 29. customarily moving a paddle wheel 33 substantially filling the entire interior of its associated air manifold 16.
- the actuator 29 may be of the mechanical, electrical or pneumatic type.
- At least one air collector 16 could have air propulsion devices 21 1; 21 2 .
- air propulsion devices 21 1; 21 2 By way of non-limiting example, as can be seen in FIG. 28, when the ventilation device 2 is active, air could be sucked by one (or more) opening (s) 17 of suction to be driven by first and second vane wheels 33 1 , 33 2 , using first and second actuators 29 1 , 29 2 towards the end of first and second series 8 1 , 8 2 aerodynamic tubes 8.
- the ventilation device 2 could thereby selectively blow differentiated regions of one or more heat exchanger, as the heat exchanger 1, that is to say only by the first series 8 1 , only by the second series 8 2 or by the first and second series 8 1; 8 2 at the same time, with or without the same rate.
- the air propulsion devices 21 can not be limited to a turbomachine or a tangential fan 23, but could also be of the axial type, helical or any other type of compact fan.
- one (or more) centrifugal fan (s) 23 could be replaced by one (or more) fan (s) helical (helical) ) In each air manifold 16 of any of the embodiments. It is understood in particular that a centrifugal fan 23 could be replaced by several helical fans 25 in the same air collector 16.
- Each helical fan 25 can thus comprise an actuator 29 of the mechanical, electrical or pneumatic type moving on command a propeller 31 in a hole 35 envelope as shown in Figure 29 to allow the suction of air to send it to the ends of the aerodynamic tubes 8 with the same effects and advantages as those mentioned for the centrifugal fan 23.
- the ventilation device 2 allows an optimization of the energy required for the ventilation of the heat exchangers that comprises the heat exchange module, such as the heat exchanger 1, in comparison with the use of a conventional propeller whose motorization means consume a lot of energy.
- the integration of air propulsion device makes it possible to blow air in a more homogeneous and controlled manner in the air collector at the ends of the ventilation tubes 8.
- the ventilation tubes 8 then have a flow air inlet which is roughly equivalent for all tubes, which allows to generate a more homogeneous airflow with the ventilation device.
- the integration of air propulsion devices to one or more air collectors makes it possible to gain compactness, and to provide a ventilation device 2 that can be housed more easily in a motor vehicle.
- each air propulsion device 21 such as a turbomachine is integrated in an air collector 16 of the ventilation device 2, it is no longer necessary to use heat exchangers equipped with a propeller. ventilation.
- the ventilation device 2 advantageously makes it possible to propose a homogeneous flow thanks to the aerodynamic tubes 8, unlike a propeller whose blades generate a turbulent flow and ventilate a rather circular surface, and not to block the flow of ambient air to the tubes 4 and the fins 6 when the ventilation device 2 is off, unlike a propeller whose fixed blades and the engine in the center of the propeller limit the heat exchange.
- FIGS. 31 and 33 illustrate a sixth exemplary embodiment, in which at least one of the aerodynamic tubes 8 comprises distribution means 70 for the flow of air F traveling through the aerodynamic tube 8.
- these distribution means are intended to directing at least a portion of the air flow feeding the aerodynamic tube 8 to different portions of the length of the aerodynamic tube 8. This thus ensures that the aerodynamic tube is supplied substantially homogeneously airflow F over its entire length.
- the heat exchanger is then ventilated substantially more uniformly.
- the distribution means 70 comprise a plurality of distribution walls 72 defining a passage of the air flow between one of these partition walls 72 and:
- a wall of the aerodynamic tube 8 here the wall 74 defining the leading edge 37.
- the partition or walls 72 may extend over substantially the entire height of the aerodynamic tube 8.
- the partition walls 72 are four in number and are arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane normal to the longitudinal direction of the aerodynamic tube 8 located at half the length of the tube.
- This plane is embodied in particular in the examples of Figures 32 to 34 by a flat partition 76 forming partitioning means 78 hermetically separating the aerodynamic tube 8 into two spaces E1 and E2 contiguous.
- each of the spaces E1 and E2 of the aerodynamic tube 8 is divided, in the examples of FIGS. 33 and 34, into three distinct internal volumes V1, V2, V3.
- the partition walls 72 distribute the flow of air F in these three volumes V1, V2, V3.
- the distribution walls 72 are integral with the aerodynamic tube 8.
- the partition walls 72 extend from the leading edge 37.
- the distribution walls 72 extend for example at an angle with a first flat portion 82 '. extending substantially from the leading edge 37 towards the end 80 of the nearest aerodynamic tube 8. More precisely, in the variants illustrated in FIGS. 33 to 35, the distribution walls 72 each comprise a first planar portion 82 extending, starting from the leading edge 37, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the aerodynamic tube. 8.
- the partition walls 72 also include a second planar portion 84 extending from the first planar portion 82 and at an angle to the first planar portion 82.
- the end of the second portion 84, opposite the first flat portion 82, is oriented towards the end 80 of the aerodynamic tube closest to the distribution wall 72.
- the angle between the first planar portion and the second flat portion is between 60 ° and 160 °, preferably between 90 ° and 120 °.
- the partition walls 72 may also comprise, as illustrated, each a third planar portion 86 extending from the second planar portion 84 and at an angle to the second planar portion 84.
- the free end 86E of the third flat portion is oriented towards the end 80 of the aerodynamic tube closest to the wall of distribution 74.
- first distribution walls 90 extend to the end 80 of the nearest aerodynamic tube.
- the third flat portion 86 extends so that the free end 86E reaches the end 80 of the aerodynamic tube 8, the closest.
- These first two partition walls 90 are here closest to the end 80 of the aerodynamic tube.
- first partition walls 95 extend towards the end 80 of the nearest aerodynamic tube, without reaching it.
- the first distribution walls 95 extend in a rectilinear extension direction, the extension direction of the or each distribution wall 95 forming a non-flat angle with the longitudinal direction of the tube 8.
- first distribution walls 90 extend to the end 80 of the aerodynamic tube 8, the closest, in the same way as in the first variant
- second repair walls 92 also extend to the end 80 of the aerodynamic tube 8, the closest. More specifically, their third flat portion 86 extends so that the free end 86E reaches the end 80 of the aerodynamic tube 8.
- These two first distribution walls 92 are here the closest to the partition 76.
- all the repair walls 72 extend to an end 80 of the aerodynamic tube.
- At least one aerodynamic tube 8 comprises guide means 94 for the flow of air making it possible to orient the air flow F at its outlet openings 40.
- these guide means 94 guide the flow of air F through the aerodynamic tube 8, and are configured to deflect the air flow F with respect to a longitudinal direction of the aerodynamic tube 8. It is thus possible to increase the efficiency of the ventilation provided by the ventilation device.
- the guiding means 94 may be configured so that the flow of air flows, at its exit from the aerodynamic tube 8, in a direction substantially normal to the plane of the opening 40.
- the guide means 94 are preferably deflectors 96 integral with the aerodynamic tube 8, preferably arranged regularly along this tube.
- the deflectors 96 extend from the leading edge 37.
- the deflectors 96 extend over substantially the entire height of the ventilation tubes 8.
- the deflectors 96 comprise a first planar portion 98 extending, from the leading edge 37, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the aerodynamic tube 8, and a second planar portion 100 extending from of the first planar portion 98 and making an angle with the first planar portion 98.
- the angle between the first flat portion 98 and the second flat portion 100 is between 60 ° and 160 °, preferably between 90 ° and 120 °.
- the free end 100E of the second flat portion 98 is oriented towards the end 80 of the aerodynamic tube closest to the deflector 96.
- the aerodynamic tube 8 is provided with filling means 102 filling a portion of the aerodynamic tube 8 so as to delimit an EC space of the aerodynamic tube 8 in which the air flow F can not move.
- filling means may comprise in particular plastic or aluminum, which may for example be identical to the material of which the aerodynamic tubes are composed, or may comprise foams for example.
- this aerodynamic tube 8 comprises means 104 for asymmetric distribution of the air flow through the aerodynamic duct 8 to the opening 40.
- the aerodynamic tube is intended to be supplied with air flow by its two longitudinal ends 80.
- partition walls 72 are provided which guide the flow of air from a first end 80a to a first portion 40a of the opening 40, while two partition walls 72 allow to guiding the flow of air from a second end 80b, opposite the first end 80a of the aerodynamic tube 8, to a second portion 40b of the opening 40, so that the first and second portions 40a, 40b are asymmetrical .
- the first and second portions 40a, 40b of the opening 40 being complementary, the length L of the first portion 40a may be between one quarter and one third of the total length of the opening 40.
- Such means of asymmetric distribution of the air flow passing through the aerodynamic tube 8 make it possible in particular to adapt the total air flow to the heat exchanger 1, in particular to cool further a zone of this heat exchanger that another by creating a greater total airflow in this area or to overcome a greater pressure drop in this area.
- This can especially be achieved with a single turbine engine supplying the two air intake manifolds symmetrically, or with two identical turbomachines each supplying the ventilation device through a respective air intake manifold, again so symmetrical.
- the ventilation device 2 may comprise one or more air propulsion devices 21, in particular turbomachines, supplying the aerodynamic tubes 8 with airflow via the or the air intake manifolds 16.
- the air intake manifold or manifolds may in particular extend mainly in a longitudinal direction between a first end 16i and a second end 16 2 .
- the or each intake manifold can then be supplied with air flow by one or more common or, conversely, respective turbomachines.
- Figure 43 Figure 43:
- An outlet of the air intake manifold or each air intake manifold 16, at the first end 16i, may be in fluid communication with at least one air propulsion device 21;
- An outlet of the air intake manifold or each air intake manifold 16, at the second end 16 2 may be in fluid communication with at least one air propulsion device 21;
- An outlet disposed between the first 16i and second 16 2 ends, including mid-distance between the first and second ends of the air intake manifold or each air intake manifold 16, can be in communication fluid with at least one air propulsion device 21.
- FIG. 44 illustrates a first example in which a single air propulsion device 21 is used to feed airflow to the two air intake manifolds 16 disposed at both ends of the aerodynamic tubes 8.
- This device air propulsion 21 may for example be in fluid communication with the first ends 16i, here higher, of the two air intake manifolds 16.
- a first air propulsion device 21 is in fluid communication with the second end 16 2 , here below, of a first air intake manifold 16, while a second propulsion device air 21 is in fluid communication with the first end 16 1; here upper, the second air intake manifold 16.
- a first air propulsion device 21 is in fluid communication with an outlet 16c for a first air intake manifold 16, disposed substantially midway between the first and second ends 16 1 ; 16 2 of the first air intake manifold 16.
- a second air propulsion device 21 is in fluid communication with the first end ⁇ 6 of the second air intake manifold 16, while Third air propulsion device 21 is in fluid communication with the second end 16 2 of the second air intake manifold.
- each of the air propulsion devices 21 being in fluid communication with a respective outlet of the first and second air intake manifolds 16, made at the first and second ends 16i, 16 2 of the air intake manifolds 16.
- aerodynamic tubes described in the application can in particular be obtained by molding, extrusion, stamping or bending.
- These aerodynamic tubes 8 can in particular be one of a plastic material, in particular a polyamide (PA), a polycarbonate (PC), a polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and a metallic material such as than aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- PA polyamide
- PC polycarbonate
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- PMMA polymethylmethacrylate
- metallic material such as than aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- FIG. 40 illustrates the steps for producing a symmetrical aerodynamic tube 8, with two openings 40.
- holes 108 are formed in a sheet 106.
- the sheet 106 is folded according to the desired aerodynamic tube model 8.
- the two half-tubes 8 ' are fixed together to form a symmetrical aerodynamic tube 8.
- the half-tubes 8 ' are not made by folding, but by any other method accessible to those skilled in the art, including molding, extrusion or stamping.
- one or more heat transfer tubes 4 can be made integrally with the aerodynamic tube 8, in particular with a single half-tube 8 'or with each half-tube 8'.
- a heat exchange device is also provided with heat transfer tubes, which is associated with the ventilation device so that the ventilation device is adapted to generate a flow of heat. air to the heat pipes.
- this step can then consist in fixing the heat-transfer tubes between two collectors of cooling fluid, at each end of the heat-transfer tubes 4. This can be done according to the same processes as those used to attach the aerodynamic tubes 8 to the air intake manifolds.
- the embodiments shown in the figures illustrate an exchanger-type heat exchanger for cooling a vehicle engine.
- the ventilation device can generate a flow of air through everything another motor vehicle heat exchanger, such as a high temperature and / or low temperature heat exchanger, a condenser, an exchanger for charge air cooling, etc.
- the heat exchange module may similarly include any such heat exchanger.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1753809A FR3065746B1 (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2017-04-28 | OPTIMIZED PIPE VENTILATION DEVICE FOR A HEAT EXCHANGE MODULE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
PCT/FR2018/051064 WO2018197819A1 (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2018-04-26 | Ventilation device with optimised-pitch tubes for a motor vehicle heat exchange module |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3589845A1 true EP3589845A1 (en) | 2020-01-08 |
EP3589845B1 EP3589845B1 (en) | 2021-05-12 |
Family
ID=59253750
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18723581.7A Active EP3589845B1 (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2018-04-26 | Ventilation device with optimised-pitch tubes for a motor vehicle heat exchange module |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3589845B1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3065746B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018197819A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1054203B (en) * | 1956-09-13 | 1959-04-02 | Sebac Nouvelle S A | Device for moving a gas |
DE102011120865B3 (en) | 2011-12-12 | 2012-11-15 | Audi Ag | Vehicle, has fan assembly generating airflow through heat exchanger and including fan, which generates strong adjacent airflow using primary airflow from annular element, where fan assembly is designed as component of radiator grill |
JP2014015862A (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-01-30 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | Cooling fan device |
JP2014020245A (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2014-02-03 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | Cooling fan device |
DE102015205415A1 (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2016-09-29 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Radiator fan assembly for a cooling system of a liquid-cooled engine of a vehicle |
-
2017
- 2017-04-28 FR FR1753809A patent/FR3065746B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2018
- 2018-04-26 EP EP18723581.7A patent/EP3589845B1/en active Active
- 2018-04-26 WO PCT/FR2018/051064 patent/WO2018197819A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2018197819A1 (en) | 2018-11-01 |
FR3065746A1 (en) | 2018-11-02 |
FR3065746B1 (en) | 2019-04-19 |
EP3589845B1 (en) | 2021-05-12 |
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