EP3589431A1 - Dispositif et procédé de deformation par electro-hydroformage - Google Patents
Dispositif et procédé de deformation par electro-hydroformageInfo
- Publication number
- EP3589431A1 EP3589431A1 EP18714603.0A EP18714603A EP3589431A1 EP 3589431 A1 EP3589431 A1 EP 3589431A1 EP 18714603 A EP18714603 A EP 18714603A EP 3589431 A1 EP3589431 A1 EP 3589431A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- shock wave
- wave
- cavity
- volume
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/06—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves
- B21D26/12—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves initiated by spark discharge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/035—Deforming tubular bodies including an additional treatment performed by fluid pressure, e.g. perforating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
- B21D39/042—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods using explosives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
- B21D39/046—Connecting tubes to tube-like fittings
Definitions
- Electro-hydroforming is a process that consists in deforming an object by subjecting it to the shock wave produced by an electric discharge in the liquid where it is immersed.
- This technology which was developed in part to fracture hydrocarbon-rich source rocks, has recently been applied to forming sheet metal by pressing against a shaped support.
- the pressure generated by the shock wave which can reach very large values, produces a superplastic deformation with little or no shrinkage after dissipation of the shock wave.
- Another advantage of this method lies in the fact that the course of this deformation is done in a very short time in comparison with the usual forming techniques.
- electro-magneto forming deformation is now used to crimp tubes to the extent that they are conductive.
- the method does not apply to most stainless steels because of their very poor electrical conductivity.
- the electro-hydroforming offers an interesting alternative but it does not apply as such for various reasons, especially because of the anisotropy of the shock wave and the fact that the piece to deform and the matrix on which it must come to rest are immersed in the same bath.
- the present invention is intended to remove these obstacles and to allow the replacement of an electro-magneto forming process by an electro-hydroforming process for crimp or deform tubes. It applies in particular, but not exclusively, to the conformation of stainless steel tubes on shape dies (also called “inserts" in the present application) may be removed, or dissolved, once the deformation accomplished.
- An object of the invention is to improve known methods and devices. More specifically, an object of the invention is to provide a method and an electro-hydroforming device that are effective and simple to use.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for forming various objects, including, but not limited to, forming shirts, also called coats, cartridges cartridges.
- the invention relates to a device for shaping an object, such as a tube, on at least one insert by means of a compression force generated by a shock wave formed by an electric arc generator.
- the device comprises at least a first forming cavity containing an immersion bath comprising a liquid in which the object is immersed, said immersion bath being separated into two volumes, the first volume being one in which the shock wave unfolds and the second a volume in which the immersion liquid is absent or can escape from it under the effect of the compression force formed in the first volume, the separation between the two volumes being ensured by the object to deform.
- the second volume can be created in the object, such as a tube, by adding closure means such as plugs on the immersed object.
- the second volume is created by introducing the object into the first cavity through guides, the object may contain a plurality of inserts and passing through the cavity.
- the shock wave can be generated in a liquid or other medium.
- the device comprises an electric arc generator for generating a wave so that it moves in a direction close to that of the axis of the object, and a reflection means for focus the wave on the axis of the object.
- the shock wave can be focused on the object to be deformed by one or more mirrors.
- the device may comprise an electric arc generator generating the shock wave perpendicular to the axis of the tube and reflectors or mirrors for generating an isotropy of the shock wave on the object. .
- the device may comprise a second cavity in which the shock wave is generated, said second cavity being connected to the first cavity by wave tubes opening onto the object to be deformed.
- the wave tubes preferably have the same length. In one variant, the wave tubes do not all have the same length.
- the invention relates to a method for shaping an object such as a tube onto at least one insert in the object by means of a compression force generated by a shock wave, said method using at least a first forming cavity containing an immersion bath comprising a liquid in which the object is immersed, said immersion bath being separated into two volumes, the shock wave being deployed in the first volume, the liquid of immersion being absent or able to escape from the second volume under the effect of the compression force formed in the first volume, the separation between the two volumes being ensured by the object to be deformed.
- the second volume can be created by introducing the object into the first cavity through guides, said object comprising a plurality of inserts and passing through said cavity.
- the shock wave can be generated in a liquid or other medium.
- an electric arc generator may be used to generate the wave so that it travels in a direction close to that of the axis of the object, and a means reflection to focus the wave on the axis of the object.
- the shock wave on the object it is possible to focus the shock wave on the object to be deformed by one or more reflectors or mirrors.
- an arc generator generating the shock wave perpendicular to the axis of the object and reflectors or mirrors to form an isotropy of the shock wave on the beam. object to be deformed on the insert.
- a second cavity can be used to generate the shock wave, and the shock wave can be applied to the object to be deformed by wave tubes connecting the second cavity to the first.
- the wave tubes preferably have the same length or different lengths, which makes it possible to shift the waves applied to the object.
- a reflected shock wave can be used to initiate a new electrical shock by synchronizing the reflected shock wave and the new discharge to thereby create a maintained oscillatory system. by discharges of lower energy, the object to be deformed being moved at a constant speed or according to a different law in the forming cavity.
- the invention relates to an object obtained by the method of the invention.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the principle of an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 illustrates, in section, the embodiment shown in Figure 2;
- Figure 4 illustrates an embodiment of the invention
- Figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of the invention
- Figure 6 illustrates an embodiment of the invention
- Figure 7 illustrates an embodiment of the invention.
- the present invention comprises at least two components.
- a first part relates to how to treat an object as a tube to be deformed and its shape matrix (also called "insert").
- a second component is intended to ensure, as much as possible, the isotropy of the shock wave to generate a pressure which is exerted radially, therefore perpendicular to the axis of the tube to be deformed.
- the shock wave produces a pressure outside the tube but also inside.
- the shock wave can not press the tube on its matrix because the liquid that is the inside of the tube exerts an opposite pressure.
- it is necessary to create, in the immersion bath, two separate volumes. One in which the shock wave will unfold and the other in which the resistance to the shock wave will be inhibited, either by the absence of liquid or by the possibility of the latter to flow freely under the effect of the pressure exerted on the outside of the tube.
- the separation between these two media can be provided for example by the tube which will be deformed. This can be achieved for example by plugging its ends as shown in Figure 1 which has a forming tube 2 containing two inserts 1 head spade on which come to rest the caps 3.
- An arrangement that can also be advantageous in production of mass consists in installing in the tube 2 to conform a series of inserts 1 (that is to say a plurality of inserts), preferably imbricated in each other, an example of such a configuration of plurality of inserts in a tube given in PCT / IB2017 / 055079 filed on August 23, 2017 in the name of Mr. Albert Gaide.
- the tube 2 in question can then pass through the compression / forming cavity 5 (also called “enclosure") passing through cylindrical guides 20, 21 barely larger in diameter.
- This embodiment of tube 2 passing through guides 20, 21 is for example illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the pressure drop between the ends of these guides may be sufficient to behave as if they were clogged and do not disturb the shock wave.
- Seals and / or clamping devices, for example located on the guides 20, 21 can improve the sealing of the system.
- Reference 6 illustrates the arc generated by an electric arc generator in the cavity to create the shock wave.
- a formed tube 7 is obtained which has the shape of the inserts 1 which is illustrated at the bottom of FIG.
- the shock wave is generated at any point in the space containing the immersion liquid, it will envelop the tube to deform but it is not certain that the pressure generated on the side that it The front will be the same one that is generated on the side that does not face him. Consequently, if the compression produced by the shock wave is not isotropic, it is not certain that the deformation the tube is radially uniform which results in products with probable defects.
- the object to be deformed such as the tube 2.
- This one, containing the inserts 1 is introduced into the cavity 5 by an input guide 20 and leaves the cavity through an exit guide 21.
- the shock wave is generated by an electric arc generator 22 placed near the axis of the tube 2 to be deformed such that the shock wave generated by the electric discharge of the generator moves in a direction close to that of the axis of the tube 2 to be deformed.
- This wave is then focused on the axis of the tube by means of a concave reflector 10, which will concentrate the pressure all around the part to be deformed 2 to compress it radially until it rests on the matrix placed 1 in its center.
- the cavity 5 which is shaped like a megaphone is designed to promote the propagation of the shock wave around the tube 2.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 Another approach, illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 and leading to a similar result, consists in generating the shock wave in an external (for example spherical) cavity 23 and connecting the latter to the immersion cavity 5 by means of tubes waves 24 of the same length grouped around the object to be deformed 2 (for example a tube). They thus generate a radial pressure which will deform the tube 2 in a uniform manner. By tilting the wave tubes 24 relative to the axis of the object to be deformed, it is finally possible to avoid a frontal collision of the shock waves coming from the different wave tubes 24.
- tubes waves 24 of the same length grouped around the object to be deformed 2 (for example a tube). They thus generate a radial pressure which will deform the tube 2 in a uniform manner.
- the length of the tubes 25 may also be different in order, for example, to generate waves offset in time.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a tube 7 shaped on a series of inserts 1.
- Another approach also leading to a similar result can be achieved by generating around the tube 1 several shock waves, either simultaneous or slightly shifted in time.
- Another approach, illustrated in the embodiment of FIG. 7, is to generate the shock wave 25 by a generator perpendicular to the axis of the object to be deformed 2 (for example a tube) and to dispose around of the latter reflectors 26 or mirrors 27 for improving the isotropy of the compression in the cavity 5.
- shock wave is generated in an external cavity 23
- the reflected shock wave is used to initiate a new electric shock.
- By synchronizing the reflected shock wave and the new discharge it is finally possible to create an oscillatory system that can be maintained by discharges of lower energy.
- the tube to be deformed is then moved at a constant speed or according to a different law.
- the present invention can be used to form cartridge cases for firearms from tubes.
- Other embodiments are of course possible within the framework of the present invention and by using the method and principles described in the present application applied to other objects which will be deformed on one or more inserts or forms / matrices according to the principles of the present invention.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH2552017 | 2017-03-02 | ||
PCT/IB2018/051313 WO2018158723A1 (fr) | 2017-03-02 | 2018-03-01 | Dispositif et procédé de deformation par electro-hydroformage |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3589431A1 true EP3589431A1 (fr) | 2020-01-08 |
EP3589431B1 EP3589431B1 (fr) | 2021-01-13 |
Family
ID=61832542
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18714603.0A Active EP3589431B1 (fr) | 2017-03-02 | 2018-03-01 | Dispositif et procédé de deformation par electro-hydroformage |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20210069768A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3589431B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2018158723A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4327471A (en) * | 1979-03-28 | 1982-05-04 | Akzona Incorporated | Hydrostatic pipe splicing method |
DE29614220U1 (de) * | 1996-08-16 | 1996-10-17 | Schmetz, Wolfgang, 59457 Werl | Anschlußgarnitur |
DE102011080266A1 (de) * | 2010-08-12 | 2012-02-23 | Johnson Controls Gmbh | Verfahren zur formschlüssigen Verbindung zweier zumindest teilweise ineinander angeordneter Rohrabschnitte und Verbindungselement zur winkligen Verbindung zweier Rohrabschnitte |
WO2013174446A1 (fr) * | 2012-05-25 | 2013-11-28 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Procédé pour produire une bague de palier |
-
2018
- 2018-03-01 WO PCT/IB2018/051313 patent/WO2018158723A1/fr unknown
- 2018-03-01 EP EP18714603.0A patent/EP3589431B1/fr active Active
- 2018-03-01 US US16/490,318 patent/US20210069768A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2018158723A1 (fr) | 2018-09-07 |
US20210069768A1 (en) | 2021-03-11 |
EP3589431B1 (fr) | 2021-01-13 |
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