EP3588047B1 - Leakage protection - Google Patents
Leakage protection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3588047B1 EP3588047B1 EP18180338.8A EP18180338A EP3588047B1 EP 3588047 B1 EP3588047 B1 EP 3588047B1 EP 18180338 A EP18180338 A EP 18180338A EP 3588047 B1 EP3588047 B1 EP 3588047B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- throttle element
- differential pressure
- pressure
- determined
- consumption
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/28—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds
- G01M3/2807—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for pipes
- G01M3/2815—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for pipes using pressure measurements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
- E03B7/07—Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons, valves, in the pipe systems
- E03B7/071—Arrangement of safety devices in domestic pipe systems, e.g. devices for automatic shut-off
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K15/00—Check valves
- F16K15/02—Check valves with guided rigid valve members
- F16K15/025—Check valves with guided rigid valve members the valve being loaded by a spring
- F16K15/026—Check valves with guided rigid valve members the valve being loaded by a spring the valve member being a movable body around which the medium flows when the valve is open
- F16K15/028—Check valves with guided rigid valve members the valve being loaded by a spring the valve member being a movable body around which the medium flows when the valve is open the valve member consisting only of a predominantly disc-shaped flat element
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K37/00—Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
- F16K37/0025—Electrical or magnetic means
- F16K37/005—Electrical or magnetic means for measuring fluid parameters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/15—Leakage reduction or detection in water storage or distribution
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device and a method for flow monitoring in a pipe system, preferably a drinking water pipe system, containing a throttle element, the throttle element opening or closing in accordance with the volume flow, the throttle element having an opening threshold p D.
- the EP 3 032 236 A1 discloses a liquid flow detection device for monitoring a leak in a pipe system.
- the device has two bypass channels, each of which has a piston with a magnet arranged therein, which move in the corresponding bypass line due to the prevailing pressure in the bypass channels when the main valve is closed, and the magnet is detected by a magnetic sensor, thereby identifying that a leak may be present.
- the disadvantage here is that only leaks with a small volume flow can be detected and larger leaks are not detected because the volume flow then flows through the main valve and not via the bypass channels.
- US490684 , US5330738 and US2014/230924 disclose a device for flow monitoring in a pipe system comprising a throttle element.
- the device has two pressure sensors or a differential pressure sensor with two sensor elements, one Control for evaluating the determined pressures of the sensors or the sensor elements, wherein a pressure sensor or a sensor element is arranged in front of the throttle element on the primary side and the other sensor or the other sensor element is arranged after the throttle element on the secondary side and the throttle element is in the open position when the medium pressure in front of the throttle element is greater than the medium pressure after the throttle element and the opening threshold value of the throttle element together, the throttle element being in the closed position when the pressure is smaller than the opening threshold value (p D ) of the throttle element and the prevailing medium pressure (p after ) after the throttle element together.
- a pressure sensor or a sensor element is arranged in front of the throttle element on the primary side and the other sensor or the other sensor element is arranged after the throttle element on the secondary side and the throttle element is in the open position when the medium pressure in front of the throttle element is greater than the medium pressure after the throttle element and the opening threshold value of the throttle element together, the throttle element being in the closed position
- the device according to the invention is used to monitor flow in a pipe system, preferably a drinking water pipe system, with the monitoring taking place downstream of the device.
- the device contains a throttle element, the throttle element opening or closing according to the volume flow.
- This means that the throttle element has an opening threshold that preferably corresponds to a spring force that acts on the valve seat surface.
- the device has two pressure sensors or a differential pressure sensor with two sensor elements, which make it possible to determine the prevailing medium pressures.
- a control that controls the device has serves to evaluate the determined pressures of the sensors or the sensor elements, with a pressure sensor or a sensor element being arranged in front of the throttle element, on the primary side, and the other sensor or the other sensor element being arranged after the throttle element, on the secondary side.
- the medium pressures in front of the throttle element and after the throttle element are the same if there is no leak, apart from small fluctuations, since there is no volume flow and the throttle element is in the closed position.
- the throttle element is in the open position when the medium pressure in front of the throttle element is greater than the medium pressure after the throttle element and the opening threshold of the throttle element combined, which can be slightly or wide open depending on the volume flow or differential pressure that prevails. This is the case if e.g. B. water is taken from a withdrawal point, which reduces the pressure after the throttle element and thus reduces the complete pressure after the throttle element, consisting of the opening threshold, which is constant, and the medium pressure after the throttle element.
- the throttle element lifts off from the valve seat and flow through the valve seat or valve takes place.
- the throttle element is closed as long as the medium pressure in front of the throttle element is less than the opening threshold of the throttle element and the prevailing medium pressure after the throttle element together or until the differential pressure exceeds the opening threshold. If the medium pressure after the throttle element decreases in such a way that the medium pressure in front of the throttle element exceeds the complete pressure from the medium pressure after the throttle element and the opening threshold of the throttle element, the valve opens or the throttle element lifts off from the valve seat.
- the throttle element is preferably designed as a check element and opens and closes due to the medium pressures before and after the check element. It has also proven to be advantageous if the check element has a spring element with which a spring force is applied to it Check element is exerted, according to which the check element is pressed onto the valve seat or the valve seat surface or forms the opening threshold.
- the opening threshold is defined based on the spring force of the spring element on the valve seat surface.
- the device preferably has a housing, which is preferably designed as a valve housing and has a valve seat.
- a housing which is preferably designed as a valve housing and has a valve seat.
- the throttle element and the sensors or sensor elements are arranged in the same housing, this ensures better sealing of the device and a compact design. It is advantageous if the housing is designed as a cast part.
- the throttle element is designed as an angle seat valve body which has a spring element.
- the device preferably has an angle seat valve in which the sensors or sensor elements are arranged in the valve housing, as well as the angle seat valve body.
- another valve such as a straight seat valve could also be used for this purpose.
- the device has a water meter, the water meter preferably being arranged in front of the throttle element and the sensors or sensor elements.
- the device has a drive with which the throttle element can be actuated, for example to close completely.
- the throttle element is still regulated by the prevailing pressures and the drive would, for example, serve to bring the throttle element into the closed position if a leak is detected in the line.
- a separate valve could also be arranged on the device, which could prevent the flow of the medium independently of the throttle element, with the valve being conceivable as being driven or manually operable.
- the drive is preferably designed by an electric motor or pneumatic drive.
- the present method is characterized in that for flow monitoring in a pipe system, preferably for determining a leak in a drinking water pipe system, the prevailing medium pressure is determined on the primary and secondary sides or before and after a throttle element arranged in the water pipe system with an opening threshold value.
- the throttle element is in the open position when the medium pressure in front of the throttle element is greater than the medium pressure after the throttle element and the opening threshold of the throttle element combined.
- the throttle element is in the closed position when the medium pressure in front of the throttle element is less than the opening threshold of the throttle element and the prevailing medium pressure after the throttle element combined.
- a differential pressure between the medium pressure in front of the throttle element and the medium pressure after the throttle element is determined.
- the determined differential pressure On the basis of the determined differential pressure, it is possible to conclude that the medium or water has been consumed permissibly or incorrectly, preferably for this purpose
- the determined differential pressure is compared with differential pressure values that are stored in the control and which make it possible to evaluate the determined differential pressure as permissible or incorrect consumption.
- a corresponding indication can be given by a message from the control, but an automatic shut-off can also take place using an automatic valve if the controls of the individual devices and valves that are arranged on the line system or at least some of them communicate with each other.
- incorrect consumption of the medium or water is determined.
- a determination of incorrect consumption can be displayed, for example, by a message from the controller or on a user terminal such as a tablet or cell phone, but it can also be done directly by shutting off a valve or the throttle element of the device according to the invention, which is via the Control communicate with each other.
- the determination of permissible or incorrect consumption takes place on the basis of the determined differential pressure ( ⁇ p) and a detection at the consumers, whereby the flow or the operation of the consumer is preferably detected at the consumers.
- the control system records the differential pressure and compares whether consumption has taken place at at least one consumer in the same time period. This can be done by arranging flow sensors on the consumers that record a flow or motion detectors that detect movement of the consumer, for example movement of the tap when a water tap is operated. If the control system now detects a differential pressure ( ⁇ p) and there is no movement or no volume flow at a consumer, incorrect consumption is reported. It is advantageous if this is also linked to a time period, in that the prevailing circumstances are only reported as incorrect consumption when a certain time period is exceeded.
- the determination of permissible or incorrect consumption is based on the determined differential pressure ( ⁇ p) and detection in the drains, for example by means of a sensor in the drains, whereby the drains are arranged accordingly near the consumers and thereby detects a flow in the conclusion. If the sensor does not detect any flow in the drains and there is a differential pressure ( ⁇ p) between the pressure on the primary and secondary sides, incorrect consumption is detected, and this is also preferably linked over a period of time, so that this state only occurs after a period of time has been exceeded Period of time is classified as incorrect consumption.
- the differential pressures are divided into different ranges, preferably into “no tapping operation”, “normal tapping operation”, “multiple tapping operations” and “pipe break”.
- the "no tapping operation” range is between 0 and the permissible fluctuations ( ⁇ p zul ) of the differential pressure, which are slightly below the opening threshold value ( ⁇ p D ). These are fluctuations in the pipe system and medium due to which there is no leak and therefore no reason to determine incorrect consumption.
- Another range of differential pressure can preferably be the "normal tapping operation” range, which, for example, ranges from the differential pressure limit ( ⁇ p zul ) of the permissible fluctuations to a differential pressure limit ( ⁇ p N ) that occurs approximately in the pipe system when tapping takes place at a withdrawal point.
- Another area of differential pressure can be seen as the differential pressure that occurs when water is drawn from several extraction points at the same time. This ranges from the differential pressure limit ( ⁇ p N ) to the differential pressure limit ( ⁇ p M ) “multiple tapping operation". Anything that causes a higher differential pressure would correspond to a pipe break and thus if the differential pressure limit ( ⁇ p M ) "multiple tapping operation” is exceeded, a pipe break would be detected, which would result in a warning or a shut-off.
- time periods are allocated to the various areas, whereby if the corresponding time period is exceeded, an incorrect consumption is detected.
- a time period t is assigned and if this is exceeded, an incorrect consumption is detected.
- the time period can be defined separately for each area.
- the differential pressure limit ( ⁇ p M ) is exceeded "multiple tapping operations" and a pipe break is detected as a result, an immediate warning or immediate shut-off is given.
- the great advantage of this method is that even a minimal volume flow that flows after the throttle element or on the secondary side indicates such a large differential pressure that the sensors immediately detect the differential pressure. If a very small volume flow or even just individual drops that seep into the wall flows, a differential pressure is indicated that is above the permissible fluctuations, since the smallest flow triggers a sudden increase in the differential pressure.
- whether there is a permissible fluctuation or whether the existing low differential pressure already exists due to a leak can be determined using temperature sensors in the line system. If there are temperature fluctuations, the device or method allows a small differential pressure without detecting incorrect consumption, whereby the permissible differential pressure depends on the existing temperatures and the amount of water present in the pipe system. If there are no temperature fluctuations, the device or method does not allow a differential pressure without detecting incorrect consumption, and this in turn can be linked to a dependency on exceeding a predetermined period of time.
- the drawing shown shows a device 1 according to the invention for flow monitoring in a pipe system, preferably a drinking water pipe system.
- the device 1 includes a variable throttle element 2 which has an opening threshold p D , the opening threshold p D being created due to a spring element 3 which applies a spring force to the throttle element 2 and this acts on the valve seat surface 7.
- the device 1 has two pressure sensors 4, 5 or a differential pressure sensor with two sensor elements 4, 5.
- One sensor 4 is arranged in front of the throttle element 2, i.e. on the primary side, and the other sensor 5 is arranged after the throttle element 2, i.e. on the secondary side.
- the device 1 also has a controller 6, which determines the differential pressure.
- the controller 6 of the device 1 can communicate with other controllers of other devices or valves or with user terminals such as tablets, computers or cell phones; for this purpose, the control device preferably has a communication unit.
- the throttle element 2 is designed as a check element or as an inclined seat valve body, with other throttle elements also being suitable.
- the throttle element 2 and the sensors 4, 5 are arranged in the same housing 8, the housing preferably being designed as a cast part. It has proven to be advantageous that, due to the installation dimensions and accessibility, an angle seat valve 9 is used in the device 1 and that it is provided with two sensors 4, 5 arranged on the primary and secondary sides.
- globe valves like other valves that regulate the flow depending on the volume flow, can also be used. In the in Fig.
- the device 1 also has a drive 10. This is used to ensure that If incorrect consumption is detected, the throttle element 2 can be used to shut off the line.
- the throttle element 2 can be used to shut off the line.
- other shut-off options are also conceivable, such as separate valves that are arranged on the line system, which can also be actuated via the control or manually and this actuation takes place based on a message from the control to the user.
- Fig. 2 shows a diagram which shows the relationship between the occurring differential pressure [mbar] and the volume flow [l/min] in a device 1 according to the invention, where in Fig. 2 the characteristic curve of an existing angle seat valve is shown as a template that is used in the device 1.
- the characteristic curve L shows the differential pressure across the throttle element 2, i.e. the pressure before and after the throttle element 2 or on the primary and secondary sides depending on the volume flow.
- the characteristic curves L are specific to the nominal diameter, which means that every valve, and therefore every device with a certain nominal diameter, has a specific characteristic curve L.
- the diagram shows the different ranges as examples, the range "no tapping operation” A is between 0 and the differential pressure limit ⁇ p perm " permissible fluctuations", whereby the differential pressure limit ⁇ p perm is preferably slightly below the opening threshold p D.
- the range B "normal tapping operation” lies between the differential pressure limit ⁇ p permissible fluctuations and the differential pressure limit ⁇ p N "normal tapping operation” this is the differential pressure range that prevails when water is taken from a tapping point or a consumer depending on the volume flow flows.
- Another area is the area C “multiple dispensing operation” which extends between the differential pressure limit ⁇ p N "normal dispensing operation” and the differential pressure limit ⁇ p M “multiple dispensing operation”. Everything that is above the differential pressure limit ⁇ p M is recognized as a pipe break and falls into the area D "pipe break".
- other range divisions as well as differential pressure limit values can also be used.
- a small leak in the line is therefore already detected, since only small drops generate a differential pressure ⁇ p, which is present in the area B "normal tapping mode" and, due to a predetermined permissible time period t for this differential pressure ⁇ p, incorrect consumption is determined when this is exceeded.
- Fig. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention in which a globe valve 9 is used to regulate the flow.
- a handwheel 11 is shown here for possible shut-off, although an electric or pneumatic drive 10 could also be used here which would automatically shut off the valve.
- Fig.4 shows the top view in which the sensors 4, 5 and their installation position are better visible.
- Fig.5 shows a further possible embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention, wherein the sensors 4, 5 are arranged in a separate housing and not in the same housing in which the throttle element 2 is located, but here too one sensor 4 is on the primary side and the other sensor 5 on the secondary side arranged.
- a valve 9 is shown here which does not have an actuation option such as a handwheel or drive.
- the line can be shut off at another point in the line system or not at all and the shutoff can only be carried out at the main valve.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Durchflussüberwachung in einem Leitungssystem vorzugsweise einem Trinkwasserleitungssystem beinhaltend ein Drosselelement, wobei sich das Drosselelement entsprechend dem Volumenstrom öffnet oder schliesst, wobei das Drosselelement einen Öffnungsschwellwert pD aufweist.The invention relates to a device and a method for flow monitoring in a pipe system, preferably a drinking water pipe system, containing a throttle element, the throttle element opening or closing in accordance with the volume flow, the throttle element having an opening threshold p D.
In Leitungssystemen vorzugsweise Trinkwasserleitungssystemen ist es von Vorteil wenn das System auf Leckagen überwacht wird. Dies wird in der Regel über den zu messenden Volumenstrom erreicht, wobei es hier schwierig ist kleine Mengen an Wasserverbrauch auszumachen. Wenn in einem Leitungssystem der Wasserverlust nur tropfenweise erfolgt, ist das über den Volumenstrom nicht wahrnehmbar jedoch können dadurch grosse Schäden entstehen in dem über längere Zeit Wasser aus der Leitung bspw. in die Wand tropft und so grosse Wasserschäden in Gebäuden anrichten kann.In pipe systems, preferably drinking water pipe systems, it is an advantage if the system is monitored for leaks. This is usually achieved via the volume flow to be measured, although it is difficult to detect small amounts of water consumption. If the water loss in a pipe system only occurs drop by drop, this is not noticeable via the volume flow, but this can cause major damage as water drips from the pipe over a long period of time, for example into the wall, and can thus cause major water damage to buildings.
Die
Nachteilig hierbei ist, dass nur Leckagen ermittelt werden können die einen kleinen Volumenstrom aufweisen und grössere Leckagen werden nicht erkannt da dann der Volumenstrom durch das Hauptventil fliesst und nicht über die Bypass-Kanäle.The disadvantage here is that only leaks with a small volume flow can be detected and larger leaks are not detected because the volume flow then flows through the main valve and not via the bypass channels.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung eine Vorrichtung und ein damit verbundenes Verfahren vorzuschlagen, welches erlaubt Leckagen mit kleinen Volumenströmen sowie Rohrbrüche mit grossen Volumenströmen in einem Leitungssystem zu erkennen.It is an object of the invention to propose a device and an associated method which allows leaks with small volume flows as well as pipe breaks with large volume flows to be detected in a piping system.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss mit einer Vorrichtung gemäß dem Anspruch 1 und einem Verfahren gemäß dem Anspruch 6 gelöst, wobei die Vorrichtung zwei Drucksensoren oder einen Differenzdrucksensor mit zwei Sensorelementen, eine Steuerung zur Auswertung der ermittelten Drücke der Sensoren oder der Sensorelemente aufweist, wobei ein Drucksensor oder ein Sensorelement vor dem Drosselelement primärseitig und der andere Sensor oder das andere Sensorelement nach dem Drosselelement sekundärseitig angeordnet ist und das Drosselelement in geöffneter Stellung ist wenn der Mediumsdruck vor dem Drosselelement grösser ist als der Mediumsdruck nach dem Drosselelement und dem Öffnungsschwellwert des Drosselelements zusammen, wobei das Drosselelement in geschlossener Stellung ist wenn der Druck kleiner ist als der Öffnungsschwellwert (pD) des Drosselelements und dem vorherrschenden Mediumsdruck (pnach) nach dem Drosselelement zusammen.This object is achieved according to the invention with a device according to claim 1 and a method according to
Wie die Aufgabe auch dadurch gelöst wird, dass mittels des Verfahrens primär- und sekundärseitig bzw. in dem vor und nach einem im Wasserleitungssystem angeordneten Drosselelement mit einem Öffnungsschwellenwert (po) der vorherrschende Mediumsdruck (pvor, pnach) ermittelt wird, wobei das Drosselelement geöffnet ist wenn der Mediumsdruck (pvor) vor dem Drosselelement grösser ist als der Mediumsdruck (pnach) nach dem Drosselelement und dem Öffnungsschwellwert (pD) des Drosselelements zusammen (pnach tot), wobei das Drosselelement geschlossen ist wenn der Mediumsdruck (pvor) kleiner ist als der Öffnungsschwellwert (po) des Drosselelements und dem vorherrschenden Mediumsdruck (pnach) nach dem Drosselelement zusammen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Differenzdruck (Δp) (Δp = pvor- pnach) zwischen dem Mediumsdruck (pvor) vor dem Drosselelement und dem Mediumsdruck (pnach) nach dem Drosselelement ermittelt wird und aufgrund des ermittelten Differenzdrucks (Δp) auf einen zulässigen oder fehlerhaften Verbrauch des Mediums bzw. Wassers geschlossen werden kann.How the task is also solved in that the prevailing medium pressure (p before , p after ) is determined by means of the method on the primary and secondary sides or in the before and after a throttle element arranged in the water pipe system with an opening threshold (po), whereby the throttle element is open when the medium pressure (p before ) in front of the throttle element is greater than the medium pressure (p after ) after the throttle element and the opening threshold value (p D ) of the throttle element together (p after tot ), whereby the throttle element is closed when the medium pressure (p before ) is smaller than the opening threshold value (po) of the throttle element and the prevailing medium pressure (p after ) after the throttle element together, characterized in that a differential pressure (Δp) (Δp = p before - p after ) between the medium pressure (p before ) before the throttle element and the medium pressure (p to ) after the throttle element is determined and based on the determined differential pressure (Δp) it can be concluded that the medium or water is being consumed in a permissible or incorrect manner.
Die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung dient einer Durchflussüberwachung in einem Leitungssystem vorzugsweise einem Trinkwasserleitungssystem wobei die Überwachung stromabwärts der Vorrichtung erfolgt. Die Vorrichtung beinhaltend ein Drosselelement, wobei sich das Drosselelement entsprechend dem Volumenstrom öffnet oder schliesst. Das heisst, das Drosselelement weist einen Öffnungsschwellwert auf, der vorzugsweise einer Federkraft die auf die Ventilsitzfläche wirkt entspricht. Die Vorrichtung weist zwei Drucksensoren oder einen Differenzdrucksensor mit zwei Sensorelementen auf, die es ermöglichen die vorherrschenden Mediumsdrücke zu ermitteln. Eine Steuerung die die Vorrichtung aufweist dient der Auswertung der ermittelten Drücke der Sensoren oder der Sensorelemente, wobei ein Drucksensor oder ein Sensorelement vor dem Drosselelement, primärseitig und der andere Sensor oder das andere Sensorelement nach dem Drosselelement, sekundärseitig angeordnet ist. Das heisst, bei komplett geschlossenem Leitungssystem und keiner Entnahme von Wasser an keiner Entnahmestelle bzw. an keinem Verbraucher, sind die Mediumsdrücke vor dem Drosselelement und nach dem Drosselelement gleich wenn kein Leck vorhanden ist bis auf kleine Schwankungen, da auch kein Volumenstrom fliesst und das Drosselelement in geschlossener Stellung ist. Das Drosselelement ist in geöffneter Stellung wenn der Mediumsdruck vor dem Drosselelement grösser ist als der Mediumsdruck nach dem Drosselelement und dem Öffnungsschwellwert des Drosselelements zusammen, das kann sein leicht oder auch weit geöffnet abhängig vom Volumenstrom bzw. Differenzdruck der vorherrscht. Dies ist der Fall wenn z. B. bei einer Entnahmestelle Wasser entnommen wird, was den Druck nach dem Drosselelement reduziert und somit den kompletten Druck nach dem Drosselelement, bestehend aus dem Öffnungsschwellwert der konstant ist und dem Mediumsdruck nach dem Drosselelement, verringert. Wenn der komplette Druck nach dem Drosselelement, aufgrund des reduzierten Mediumsdrucks nach dem Drosselelement, den Druck vor dem Drosselelement unterschreitet hebt sich das Drosselelement vom Ventilsitz ab und ein Durchströmen des Ventilsitzes bzw. Ventils findet statt. Das Drosselelement ist so lange geschlossen solang der Mediumsdruck vor dem Drosselelement kleiner ist als der Öffnungsschwellwert des Drosselelements und dem vorherrschenden Mediumsdruck nach dem Drosselelement zusammen respektive so lange bis der Differenzdruck den Öffnungsschwellwert überschreitet. Verringert sich der Mediumsdruck nach dem Drosselelement derart, dass der Mediumsdruck vor dem Drosselelement den kompletten Druck aus Mediumsdruck nach dem Drosselelement und dem Öffnungsschwellwert des Drosselelements überschreitet öffnet sich das Ventil bzw. das Drosselelement hebt sich vom Ventilsitz ab.The device according to the invention is used to monitor flow in a pipe system, preferably a drinking water pipe system, with the monitoring taking place downstream of the device. The device contains a throttle element, the throttle element opening or closing according to the volume flow. This means that the throttle element has an opening threshold that preferably corresponds to a spring force that acts on the valve seat surface. The device has two pressure sensors or a differential pressure sensor with two sensor elements, which make it possible to determine the prevailing medium pressures. A control that controls the device has serves to evaluate the determined pressures of the sensors or the sensor elements, with a pressure sensor or a sensor element being arranged in front of the throttle element, on the primary side, and the other sensor or the other sensor element being arranged after the throttle element, on the secondary side. This means that if the pipe system is completely closed and no water is taken from any tapping point or consumer, the medium pressures in front of the throttle element and after the throttle element are the same if there is no leak, apart from small fluctuations, since there is no volume flow and the throttle element is in the closed position. The throttle element is in the open position when the medium pressure in front of the throttle element is greater than the medium pressure after the throttle element and the opening threshold of the throttle element combined, which can be slightly or wide open depending on the volume flow or differential pressure that prevails. This is the case if e.g. B. water is taken from a withdrawal point, which reduces the pressure after the throttle element and thus reduces the complete pressure after the throttle element, consisting of the opening threshold, which is constant, and the medium pressure after the throttle element. If the complete pressure after the throttle element falls below the pressure in front of the throttle element due to the reduced medium pressure after the throttle element, the throttle element lifts off from the valve seat and flow through the valve seat or valve takes place. The throttle element is closed as long as the medium pressure in front of the throttle element is less than the opening threshold of the throttle element and the prevailing medium pressure after the throttle element together or until the differential pressure exceeds the opening threshold. If the medium pressure after the throttle element decreases in such a way that the medium pressure in front of the throttle element exceeds the complete pressure from the medium pressure after the throttle element and the opening threshold of the throttle element, the valve opens or the throttle element lifts off from the valve seat.
Vorzugsweise ist das Drosselelement als Rückschlagelement ausgebildet und öffnet und schliesst sich aufgrund der Mediumsdrücke vor und nach dem Rückschlagelement. Als vorteilhaft hat sich auch gezeigt, wenn das Rückschlagelement ein Federelement aufweist mit dem eine Federkraft auf das Rückschlagelement ausgeübt wird, entsprechend der, das Rückschlagelement auf den Ventilsitz bzw. die Ventilsitzfläche gepresst wird bzw. den Öffnungsschwellwert bildet. Der Öffnungsschwellwert wird aufgrund der Federkraft des Federelements auf die Ventilsitzfläche definiert.The throttle element is preferably designed as a check element and opens and closes due to the medium pressures before and after the check element. It has also proven to be advantageous if the check element has a spring element with which a spring force is applied to it Check element is exerted, according to which the check element is pressed onto the valve seat or the valve seat surface or forms the opening threshold. The opening threshold is defined based on the spring force of the spring element on the valve seat surface.
Die Vorrichtung weist vorzugsweise ein Gehäuse auf, das vorzugsweise als Ventilgehäuse ausbildet ist und einen Ventilsitz aufweist. Zudem ist es zu bevorzugen, wenn das Drosselelement und die Sensoren bzw. Sensorelemente im selben Gehäuse angeordnet sind, dies gewährleistet eine bessere Dichtheit der Vorrichtung sowie eine kompakte Bauform. Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Gehäuse als Gussteil ausgebildet ist.The device preferably has a housing, which is preferably designed as a valve housing and has a valve seat. In addition, it is preferable if the throttle element and the sensors or sensor elements are arranged in the same housing, this ensures better sealing of the device and a compact design. It is advantageous if the housing is designed as a cast part.
Als vorteilhaft hat sich gezeigt, wenn das Drosselelement als Schrägsitzventilkörper ausgebildet ist, welches ein Federelement aufweist. Vorzugsweise weist die Vorrichtung ein Schrägsitzventil in welchem die Sensoren bzw. Sensorelemente im Ventilgehäuse angeordnet sind sowie der Schrägsitzventilkörper. Selbstverständlich würde auch ein anderes Ventil wie ein Geradsitzventil dazu einsetzbar sein.It has been shown to be advantageous if the throttle element is designed as an angle seat valve body which has a spring element. The device preferably has an angle seat valve in which the sensors or sensor elements are arranged in the valve housing, as well as the angle seat valve body. Of course, another valve such as a straight seat valve could also be used for this purpose.
Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Vorrichtung einen Wasserzähler aufweist, wobei der Wasserzähler vorzugsweise vor dem Drosselelement und den Sensoren bzw. Sensorelementen angeordnet ist.It has proven to be advantageous if the device has a water meter, the water meter preferably being arranged in front of the throttle element and the sensors or sensor elements.
Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die Vorrichtungen einen Antrieb auf mit welchem das Drosselelement betätigbar ist um beispielsweise komplett zu schliessen. Selbstverständlich wird das Drosselelement auch mit Antrieb immer noch durch die vorherrschenden Drücke geregelt und der Antrieb würde beispielsweise dazu dienen, dass bei einem festgestellten Leck in der Leitung das Drosselelement in Schliessstellung gebracht werden könnte. Alternativ könnte auch ein separates Ventil an der Vorrichtung angeordnet sein, welches unabhängig vom Drosselelement den Durchfluss des Mediums unterbinden könnte, wobei das Ventil angetrieben wie auch manuell betätigbar vorstellbar ist.According to a preferred embodiment, the device has a drive with which the throttle element can be actuated, for example to close completely. Of course, even with a drive, the throttle element is still regulated by the prevailing pressures and the drive would, for example, serve to bring the throttle element into the closed position if a leak is detected in the line. Alternatively, a separate valve could also be arranged on the device, which could prevent the flow of the medium independently of the throttle element, with the valve being conceivable as being driven or manually operable.
Der Antrieb ist vorzugsweise durch einen Elektromotor oder pneumatischen Antrieb ausgebildet.The drive is preferably designed by an electric motor or pneumatic drive.
Das vorliegenden Verfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass zur Durchflussüberwachung in einem Leitungssystem vorzugsweise zum Ermitteln einer Leckage in einem Trinkwasserleitungssystem, primär- und sekundärseitig bzw. vor und nach einem im Wasserleitungssystem angeordneten Drosselelement mit einem Öffnungsschwellenwert der vorherrschende Mediumsdruck ermittelt wird. Das Drosselelement ist in geöffneter Stellung wenn der Mediumsdruck vor dem Drosselelement grösser ist als der Mediumsdruck nach dem Drosselelement und dem Öffnungsschwellwert des Drosselelements zusammen. Das Drosselelement ist in geschlossener Stellung, wenn der Mediumsdruck vor dem Drosselelement kleiner ist als der Öffnungsschwellwert des Drosselelements und dem vorherrschenden Mediumsdruck nach dem Drosselelement zusammen. Um auf eine Leckage bzw. fehlerhaften Verbrauch zu schliessen wird ein Differenzdruck zwischen dem Mediumsdruck vor dem Drosselelement und dem Mediumsdruck nach dem Drosselelement ermittelt, aufgrund des ermittelten Differenzdrucks kann auf einen zulässigen oder fehlerhaften Verbrauch des Mediums bzw. Wassers geschlossen werden, wobei hierzu vorzugsweise der ermittelte Differenzdruck mit Differenzdruckwerten abgeglichen wird die der Steuerung hinterlegt sind und die es ermöglichen den ermittelten Differenzdruck entsprechend als zulässigen oder fehlerhaften Verbrauch zu werten. Ein entsprechender Hinweis kann durch eine Meldung der Steuerung erfolgen, es kann aber auch ein automatisches Absperren mittels eines automatischen Ventils erfolgen, wenn die Steuerungen der einzelnen Vorrichtungen und Ventile die am Leitungssystem angeordnet sind oder zumindest einige davon untereinander kommunizieren.The present method is characterized in that for flow monitoring in a pipe system, preferably for determining a leak in a drinking water pipe system, the prevailing medium pressure is determined on the primary and secondary sides or before and after a throttle element arranged in the water pipe system with an opening threshold value. The throttle element is in the open position when the medium pressure in front of the throttle element is greater than the medium pressure after the throttle element and the opening threshold of the throttle element combined. The throttle element is in the closed position when the medium pressure in front of the throttle element is less than the opening threshold of the throttle element and the prevailing medium pressure after the throttle element combined. In order to conclude that there is a leak or incorrect consumption, a differential pressure between the medium pressure in front of the throttle element and the medium pressure after the throttle element is determined. On the basis of the determined differential pressure, it is possible to conclude that the medium or water has been consumed permissibly or incorrectly, preferably for this purpose The determined differential pressure is compared with differential pressure values that are stored in the control and which make it possible to evaluate the determined differential pressure as permissible or incorrect consumption. A corresponding indication can be given by a message from the control, but an automatic shut-off can also take place using an automatic valve if the controls of the individual devices and valves that are arranged on the line system or at least some of them communicate with each other.
Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit eine Warnmeldung an ein Benutzer-Endgerät zu senden aufgrund der eine manuelle Überprüfung oder Sperrung des Leitungssystems erfolgen kann.It is also possible to send a warning message to a user device, which can result in a manual check or blocking of the line system.
Es hat sich als vorteilhaft gezeigt, wenn die Ermittlung eines zulässigen oder fehlerhaften Verbrauchs aufgrund des ermittelten Differenzdrucks, welcher in Abhängigkeit des Volumenstroms vorherrscht, erfolgt. In der Regel weisen solche Vorrichtungen mit einem Drosselelement aufgrund ihrer Bauform und Grösse Nenndurchmesser spezifische Strömungskennlinien auf, aufgrund derer bei einem bestimmten Volumenstrom ein bestimmter Differenzdruck gegeben ist.It has proven to be advantageous if the determination of permissible or incorrect consumption is based on the determined differential pressure, which prevails depending on the volume flow. As a rule, such devices with a throttle element have specific flow characteristics due to their design and size of the nominal diameter, due to which a certain differential pressure is given for a certain volume flow.
Als vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung hat sich gezeigt, wenn die Ermittlung eines zulässigen oder fehlerhaften Verbrauchs aufgrund des ermittelten Differenzdrucks über eine bestimmte Zeitspanne erfolgt. Das heisst, ermittelt die Steuerung einen Differenzdruck überprüft die Steuerung wie lange dieser Differenzdruck über dem Drosselelement vorherrscht. Aufgrund dessen ob eine vorgegebene Zeitspanne in Bezug auf den ermittelten Differenzdruck überschritten wird oder nicht liegt ein zulässiger oder fehlerhafter Verbrauch vor.It has proven to be an advantageous embodiment if the determination of permissible or incorrect consumption takes place over a certain period of time based on the determined differential pressure. This means that if the control determines a differential pressure, the control checks how long this differential pressure prevails over the throttle element. Based on whether or not a predetermined period of time is exceeded in relation to the determined differential pressure, there is permissible or incorrect consumption.
Vorzugsweise wird beim Überschreiten einer vorgegebenen Zeitspanne bei einem entsprechenden Differenzdruck ein fehlerhafter Verbrauch des Mediums bzw. Wassers festgestellt. Die Anzeige einer solchen Feststellung eines fehlerhaften Verbrauchs kann beispielsweise durch einen Hinweis der Steuerung oder auf ein Benutzer-Endgerät wie beispielsweise ein Tablet oder Handy erfolgen aber es kann auch direkt mittels einer Absperrung eines Ventils oder auch des Drosselelements der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung erfolgen, die über die Steuerung miteinander kommunizieren.Preferably, if a predetermined period of time is exceeded at a corresponding differential pressure, incorrect consumption of the medium or water is determined. Such a determination of incorrect consumption can be displayed, for example, by a message from the controller or on a user terminal such as a tablet or cell phone, but it can also be done directly by shutting off a valve or the throttle element of the device according to the invention, which is via the Control communicate with each other.
Als vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung hat sich gezeigt, wenn die Ermittlung eines zulässigen oder fehlerhaften Verbrauchs aufgrund des ermittelten Differenzdrucks (Δp) und einer Detektion an den Verbrauchern erfolgt, wobei an den Verbrauchern vorzugsweise der Durchfluss oder die Betätigung des Verbrauchers detektiert wird. Die Steuerung erfasst den Differenzdruck und vergleicht ob in derselben Zeitspanne ein Verbrauch an mindestens einem Verbraucher stattgefunden hat. Dies kann dadurch erfolgen, dass an den Verbrauchern Durchflusssensoren angeordnet sind, die einen Durchfluss erfassen oder Bewegungsmelder, die eine Bewegung des Verbrauchers feststellen, beispielsweise bei der Betätigung eines Wasserhahns eine Bewegung des Hahns. Stellt die Steuerung nun einen Differenzdruck (Δp) fest und es liegt keine Bewegung oder kein Volumenstrom an einem Verbrauch vor, wird ein fehlerhafter Verbrauch ausgewiesen. Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn auch das wiederum mit einer Zeitspanne verknüpft ist, indem die vorherrschenden Umstände erst beim Überschreiten einer gewissen Zeitspanne als Fehlverbrauch ausgewiesen werden.It has been shown to be an advantageous embodiment if the determination of permissible or incorrect consumption takes place on the basis of the determined differential pressure (Δp) and a detection at the consumers, whereby the flow or the operation of the consumer is preferably detected at the consumers. The control system records the differential pressure and compares whether consumption has taken place at at least one consumer in the same time period. This can be done by arranging flow sensors on the consumers that record a flow or motion detectors that detect movement of the consumer, for example movement of the tap when a water tap is operated. If the control system now detects a differential pressure (Δp) and there is no movement or no volume flow at a consumer, incorrect consumption is reported. It is advantageous if this is also linked to a time period, in that the prevailing circumstances are only reported as incorrect consumption when a certain time period is exceeded.
Als weitere alternative Ausgestaltung besteht die Möglichkeit, dass die Ermittlung eines zulässigen oder fehlerhaften Verbrauchs aufgrund des ermittelten Differenzdrucks (Δp) und einer Detektion in den Abflüssen erfolgt, beispielsweise mittels eines Sensors in den Abflüssen, wobei die Abflüsse entsprechend bei den Verbrauchen angeordnet sind und dadurch einen Durchfluss im Abschluss erkennt. Erkennt der Sensor keinen Durchfluss in den Abflüssen und es liegt aber ein Differenzdruck (Δp) zwischen dem Druck primär- und sekundärseitig vor, wird ein fehlerhafter Verbrauch festgestellt, wobei auch dieser vorzugsweise über eine Zeitspanne verknüpft wird, so dass dieser Zustand erst nach einer überschrittenen Zeitspanne als Fehlverbrauch eingestuft wird.As a further alternative embodiment, there is the possibility that the determination of permissible or incorrect consumption is based on the determined differential pressure (Δp) and detection in the drains, for example by means of a sensor in the drains, whereby the drains are arranged accordingly near the consumers and thereby detects a flow in the conclusion. If the sensor does not detect any flow in the drains and there is a differential pressure (Δp) between the pressure on the primary and secondary sides, incorrect consumption is detected, and this is also preferably linked over a period of time, so that this state only occurs after a period of time has been exceeded Period of time is classified as incorrect consumption.
Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn die Differenzdrücke in unterschiedliche Bereiche eingeteilt werden, vorzugsweise in "kein Zapfbetrieb", "normaler Zapfbetrieb", "mehrfacher Zapfbetrieb" und "Rohrbruch". Selbstverständlich können auch andere wie auch weitere Einteilungen erfolgen. Beispielsweise liegt der Bereich "kein Zapfbetrieb" zwischen 0 und den zulässigen Schwankungen (Δpzul) des Differenzdrucks, welche leicht unter dem Öffnungsschwellwert (ΔpD) liegen. Dies sind Schwankungen im Leitungssystem und Medium aufgrund derer kein Leck und somit kein Anlass zur Feststellung eines fehlerhaften Verbrauchs vorliegt. Als weiteren Bereich des Differenzdrucks kann vorzugsweise der Bereich "normaler Zapfbetrieb" angegeben werden, der beispielsweise von der Differenzdruckgrenze (Δpzul) der zulässigen Schwankungen bis zu einer Differenzdruckgrenze (ΔpN) die in etwa im Leitungssystem auftritt, wenn an einer Entnahmestelle gezapft wird. Als weiteren Bereich des Differenzdrucks kann der Differenzdruck angesehen werden, der entsteht wenn an mehreren Entnahmestellen gleichzeitig Wasser entnommen wird, dieser reicht von der Differenzdruckgrenze (ΔpN) bis zur Differenzdruckgrenze (ΔpM) "mehrfacher Zapfbetrieb". Alles was einen höheren Differenzdruck verursacht würde einem Rohrbruch entsprechen und somit würde bei der Feststellung einer Überschreitung der Differenzdruckgrenze (ΔpM) "mehrfacher Zapfbetrieb" ein Rohrbruch festgestellt werden, was einen Hinweis oder eine Absperrung zu Folge hätte.It is advantageous if the differential pressures are divided into different ranges, preferably into "no tapping operation", "normal tapping operation", "multiple tapping operations" and "pipe break". Of course, other and further classifications can also be made. For example, the "no tapping operation" range is between 0 and the permissible fluctuations (Δp zul ) of the differential pressure, which are slightly below the opening threshold value (Δp D ). These are fluctuations in the pipe system and medium due to which there is no leak and therefore no reason to determine incorrect consumption. Another range of differential pressure can preferably be the "normal tapping operation" range, which, for example, ranges from the differential pressure limit (Δp zul ) of the permissible fluctuations to a differential pressure limit (Δp N ) that occurs approximately in the pipe system when tapping takes place at a withdrawal point. Another area of differential pressure can be seen as the differential pressure that occurs when water is drawn from several extraction points at the same time. This ranges from the differential pressure limit (Δp N ) to the differential pressure limit (Δp M ) "multiple tapping operation". Anything that causes a higher differential pressure would correspond to a pipe break and thus if the differential pressure limit (Δp M ) "multiple tapping operation" is exceeded, a pipe break would be detected, which would result in a warning or a shut-off.
Als vorteilhaft hat sich gezeigt, dass den verschiedenen Bereichen Zeitspannen zugeteilt sind, wobei beim Überschreiten der entsprechenden Zeitspanne ein fehlerhafter Verbrauch festgestellt wird. Das heisst, dass beispielsweise im Differenzdruckbereich "normaler Zapfbereich" der zwischen der Differenzdruckgrenze (Δpzul) "zulässige Schwankungen" bis hin zur Differenzdruckgrenze (ΔpN) des normalen Zapfbereichs reicht eine Zeitspanne t zugeordnet ist und wenn diese überschritten wird, wird ein fehlerhafter Verbrauch festgestellt. Die Zeitspanne kann für jeden Bereich separat definiert werden. Vorzugsweis erfolgt beim Überschreiten der Differenzdruckgrenze (ΔpM) "mehrfacher Zapfbetrieb" und der demzufolge Feststellung eines Rohrbruchs ein sofortiger Hinweis oder eine umgehende Absperrung.It has been shown to be advantageous that time periods are allocated to the various areas, whereby if the corresponding time period is exceeded, an incorrect consumption is detected. This means that, for example, in the differential pressure range "normal dispensing range" which extends between the differential pressure limit (Δp zul ) "permissible fluctuations" up to the differential pressure limit (Δp N ) of the normal dispensing range, a time period t is assigned and if this is exceeded, an incorrect consumption is detected. The time period can be defined separately for each area. Preferably, if the differential pressure limit (Δp M ) is exceeded "multiple tapping operations" and a pipe break is detected as a result, an immediate warning or immediate shut-off is given.
Der grosse Vorteil dieses Verfahrens liegt darin, dass bereits ein minimaler Volumenstrom, der nach dem Drosselelement fliesst bzw. sekundärseitig, ein derart grosser Differenzdruck angezeigt wird, dass der Differenzdruck von den Sensoren sofort erkannt wird. Fliesst somit ein sehr geringer Volumenstrom oder sogar nur einzelne Tropfen die in der Wand versickern, wird ein Differenzdruck angegeben der über den zulässigen Schwankungen liegt, da der kleinste Strom einen schlagartigen Anstieg des Differenzdrucks auslöst.The great advantage of this method is that even a minimal volume flow that flows after the throttle element or on the secondary side indicates such a large differential pressure that the sensors immediately detect the differential pressure. If a very small volume flow or even just individual drops that seep into the wall flows, a differential pressure is indicated that is above the permissible fluctuations, since the smallest flow triggers a sudden increase in the differential pressure.
Als alternative Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeit vorzugsweise zur besseren Erfassung ob eine zulässige Schwankung vorliegt oder der vorliegende geringe Differenzdruck bereits aufgrund eines Lecks besteht, kann mittels Temperatursensoren im Leitungssystem festgestellt werden. Liegen Temperaturschwankungen vor lässt die Vorrichtung bzw. das Verfahren einen geringen Differenzdruck zu ohne einen Fehlverbrauch festzustellen, wobei der zulässige Differenzdruck abhängig von den vorliegenden Temperaturen und der vorliegenden Wassermenge im Leitungssystem ist. Liegen keine Temperaturschwankungen vor, lässt die Vorrichtung bzw. das Verfahren keinen Differenzdruck zu ohne nicht einen Fehlverbrauch zu erkennen, wobei auch dies wiederum mit einer Abhängigkeit einer Überschreitung einer vorgegeben Zeitspanne verknüpft werden kann.As an alternative design option, preferably for better detection, whether there is a permissible fluctuation or whether the existing low differential pressure already exists due to a leak can be determined using temperature sensors in the line system. If there are temperature fluctuations, the device or method allows a small differential pressure without detecting incorrect consumption, whereby the permissible differential pressure depends on the existing temperatures and the amount of water present in the pipe system. If there are no temperature fluctuations, the device or method does not allow a differential pressure without detecting incorrect consumption, and this in turn can be linked to a dependency on exceeding a predetermined period of time.
Alle Ausgestaltungmöglichkeiten sind untereinander frei kombinierbar sowie die Vorrichtungsmerkmale und die Verfahrensmerkmal frei kombinierbar sind.All design options can be freely combined with each other, and the device features and the process features can be freely combined.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Figuren beschrieben, wobei sich die Erfindung nicht nur auf das Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Draufsicht einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung mit einem Teilschnitt durch ein Schrägsitzventil,
- Fig. 2
- ein Diagramm zur Darstellung des Differenzdrucks Δp in Abhängigkeit des Volumenstroms,
- Fig. 3
- eine Draufsicht einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung mit einem Teilschnitt durch ein Geradsitzventil,
- Fig. 4
- eine Draufsicht einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung mit einem Geradsitzventil und
- Fig. 5
- eine Draufsicht einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung mit einem Schrägsitzventil, wobei die Sensoren ausserhalb des Gehäuses des Schrägsitzventils angeordnet sind.
- Fig.1
- a plan view of a device according to the invention with a partial section through an angle seat valve,
- Fig.2
- a diagram showing the differential pressure Δp as a function of the volume flow,
- Fig.3
- a plan view of a device according to the invention with a partial section through a straight seat valve,
- Fig.4
- a plan view of a device according to the invention with a straight seat valve and
- Fig.5
- a plan view of a device according to the invention with an angle seat valve, wherein the sensors are arranged outside the housing of the angle seat valve.
Die in
Liegt nun der Differenzdruck Δp im Bereich A " kein Zapfbetrieb" sind dass auftretende Schwankungen im Leitungssystem aufgrund der keine Meldung der Steuerung erfolgt, dass ein fehlerhafter Verbrauch vorliegt. Ermittelt sind die Steuerung 10 aufgrund der von den Sensoren 4, 5 ermittelte Druck einen Differenzdruck Δp im Bereich B "normaler Zapfbetrieb" wird erfasst wie lange bzw. über welche Zeitspanne t dieser Zapfbetrieb B andauert. Hält dieser Differenzdruck beispielsweise über eine Zeitspanne t von mehreren Tagen konstant ohne Unterbruch an, meldet die Steuerung einen fehlerhaften Verbrauch. Liegt beispielsweise ein Differenzdruck Δp im Bereich C "mehrfacher Zapfbetrieb" vor und der dauert über eine Zeitspanne t von mehreren Stunden konstant an, gibt auch hier die Steuerung eine Meldung eines fehlerhaften Verbrauchs. Beispielsweise beim Überschreiten der Differenzdruckgrenze ΔpM "mehrfacher Zapfbetrieb" welches dann einen Differenzdruck Δp im Bereich D "Rohrbruch" darstellt könnte auch eine direkte Absperrung der Leitung erfolgen. Alle diese Meldungen und die Möglichkeit zum Absperren sind frei untereinander kombinierbar wie auch frei den Bereichen und den Zeitspannen, die ebenfalls individuell anpassbar sind, zuordenbar. Im Diagramm ist sehr gut erkennbar, dass der kleinste, kaum erkennbare Volumenstrom bereits einen hohen Ausschlag im Differenzdruck Δp erzeugt, dies wird in diesem Verfahren zunutze gemacht. Somit wird bereits eine kleine Leckage in der Leitung erkannt, da nur geringe Tropfen einen Differenzdruck Δp erzeugen, der im Bereich B "normaler Zapfbetriebt" vorliegt und aufgrund einer vorgegeben zulässigen Zeitspanne t für diesen Differenzdruck Δp beim Überschreiten dieser ein fehlerhaften Verbrauch festgestellt wird.If the differential pressure Δp is now in the range A "no tapping operation" then there are fluctuations in the pipe system due to which there is no message from the control that there is incorrect consumption. They have been determined
Mittels des Handrads 11 kann manuell das Ventil geschlossen werden falls z. B. ein Hinweis auf eine Leckage durch die Steuerung erfolgt.
- 11
- Vorrichtungcontraption
- 22
- DrosselelementThrottle element
- 33
- FederelementSpring element
- 44
- Drucksensor oder Sensorelement primärseitigPressure sensor or sensor element on the primary side
- 55
- Drucksensor oder Sensorelement sekundärseitigPressure sensor or sensor element on the secondary side
- 66
- Steuerungsteering
- 77
- Ventilsitz / VentilsitzflächeValve seat / valve seat surface
- 88th
- GehäuseHousing
- 99
- Schrägsitzventil / GeradsitzventilAngle seat valve / straight seat valve
- 1010
- Antriebdrive
- 1111
- HandradHandwheel
- AA
- kein Zapfbetriebno tap service
- Bb
- normaler Zapfbereichnormal tapping area
- CC
- mehrfacher Zapfbereichmultiple tap area
- DD
- RohrbruchPipe burst
- ΔpzulΔpperm
- zulässige Schwankungenpermissible fluctuations
- ΔpDΔpD
- Öffnungsschwellwert DrosselelementThrottle element opening threshold
- ΔpNΔpN
- Differenzdruckgrenze für normaler ZapfbereichDifferential pressure limit for normal tap area
- ΔpMΔpM
- Differenzdruckgrenze für mehrfacher ZapfbereichDifferential pressure limit for multiple tapping areas
- LL
- Kennlinie SchrägsitzventilCharacteristic curve angle seat valve
- pvorpvor
- Mediumsdruck vor Drosselelement / primärseitigMedium pressure before throttle element / primary side
- pnachpnach
- Mediumsdruck nach Drosselelement / sekundärseitigMedium pressure after throttle element / secondary side
- pnach totpnach dead
- Mediumsdruck nach Drosselelement und ÖffnungsschwellwertMedium pressure after throttle element and opening threshold
Claims (13)
- Device (1) for flow monitoring in a pipe system, preferentially a drinking water pipe system containing a throttle element (2), wherein the throttle element (2) opens or closes according to the volume flow, wherein the throttle element (2) has an opening threshold value pD, characterized in that the device (1) comprises two pressure sensors (4, 5) or a differential pressure sensor with two sensor elements (4, 5), a control (6) for evaluating the determined pressures of the sensors (4, 5) or of the sensor elements (4, 5), wherein a pressure sensor (4) or a sensor element (4) is arranged before the throttle element on the primary side and the other sensor (5) or the other sensor element (5) after the throttle element (2) on the secondary side and the throttle element (2) is in the open position when the medium pressure (pvor) before the throttle element (2) is greater than the medium pressure (pnach) after the throttle element (2) and the opening threshold value (pD) of the throttle element (2) together (pnachtot), wherein the throttle element (2) is in the closed position when the pressure (pvor) is lower than the opening threshold value (pD) of the throttle element (2) and the prevailing medium pressure (pnach) after the throttle element (2) together,
characterized in that
the throttle element (2) is configured as inclined seat valve body with spring element (3) or as straight seat valve. - Device (1) according to Claim 1,
characterized in that
the throttle element (2) is configured as non-return element. - Device (1) according to any one of the Claims 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the throttle element (2) and the sensors (4, 5) or sensor elements (4, 5) are arranged in the same housing (8). - Device (1) according to any one of the Claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that
the device (1) comprises a water meter, wherein the water meter is preferentially arranged before the throttle element (2) and the sensors (4, 5). - Device (1) according to any one of the Claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that
the throttle element (2) is actuatable by a drive in order to for example close it completely, preferentially by an electric motor (10), a pneumatic drive (10) or a manually actuatable hand wheel (11). - Method for flow monitoring in a pipe system preferentially for determining a leakage in a drinking water pipe system with a device according to any one of the Claims 1 to 5 in which before and after a throttle element arranged in the water pipe system, with an opening threshold value (pD) the prevailing medium pressure (pvor, pnach) is determined, wherein the throttle element is in the open position when the medium pressure (pvor) before the throttle element is greater than the medium pressure (pnach) after the throttle element and the opening threshold value (pD) of the throttle element together (pnachtot), wherein the throttle element is in the closed position when the medium pressure (pvor) before the throttle element is lower than the opening threshold value (pD) of the throttle element and the prevailing medium pressure (pnach) after the throttle element together,
characterized in that
a differential pressure (Δp) (Δp=pvor-pvor) between the medium pressure (pvor) before the throttle element and the medium pressure (pnach) after the throttle element is determined and based on the determined differential pressure (Δp) a permissible or faulty consumption of the medium or water can be concluded. - Method according to Claim 6,
characterized in that the determination of a permissible or faulty consumption takes place based on the determined differential pressure (Δp), which is present as a function of the volume flow. - Method according to any one of the Claims 6 or 7,
characterized in that
permissible or faulty consumption is determined based on the determined differential pressure (Δp) over a predetermined period of time (t). - Method according to any one of the Claims 6 to 8,
characterized in that
when a predetermined period of time (t) is exceeded at a corresponding differential pressure (Δp), a faulty consumption of the medium or water is determined. - Method according to any one of the Claims 6 to 9,
characterized in that
a permissible or faulty consumption is determined based on the determined differential pressure (Δp) and a detection at the consumers, wherein at the consumers preferentially the flow or the actuation of the consumer is detected. - Method according to any one of the Claims 6 to 9,
characterized in that
a permissible or faulty consumption is determined based on the determined differential pressure (Δp) and a detection in the outflows. - Method according to any one of the Claims 6 to 11,
characterized in that
the differential pressures (Δp) are divided into different ranges, preferentially into no tapping range, leak, normal tapping range, multiple tapping range and pipe burst. - Method according to Claim 12,
characterized in that
the ranges are assigned period of times (t), wherein when the period of times (t) are exceeded a faulty consumption is determined.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP18180338.8A EP3588047B1 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Leakage protection |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP18180338.8A EP3588047B1 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Leakage protection |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3588047A1 EP3588047A1 (en) | 2020-01-01 |
EP3588047B1 true EP3588047B1 (en) | 2024-04-03 |
Family
ID=62816342
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP18180338.8A Active EP3588047B1 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Leakage protection |
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EP (1) | EP3588047B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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IT202000031088A1 (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-06-16 | Acl S R L | PROPORTIONAL INCLINE SEAT VALVE ASSEMBLY OF FAIL-SAFE TYPE |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US490684A (en) * | 1893-01-31 | Automatic alarm device | ||
US5303738A (en) * | 1993-04-21 | 1994-04-19 | Wu-Ming Chang | Control valve |
DE102004016378A1 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-11-03 | Stefan Windisch | Method and arrangement for active monitoring of pipelines |
US20090194719A1 (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2009-08-06 | Timothy David Mulligan | Fluid supply monitoring system |
US9989394B2 (en) * | 2013-02-15 | 2018-06-05 | Metropolitan Industries, Inc. | Automatic shut off valve |
EP3032236B1 (en) | 2014-12-09 | 2018-03-21 | Honeywell Technologies Sarl | Fluid flow detection device and assembly comprising a fluid flow detection device |
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2018
- 2018-06-28 EP EP18180338.8A patent/EP3588047B1/en active Active
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