EP3584519B1 - Système de refroidissement - Google Patents

Système de refroidissement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3584519B1
EP3584519B1 EP19175595.8A EP19175595A EP3584519B1 EP 3584519 B1 EP3584519 B1 EP 3584519B1 EP 19175595 A EP19175595 A EP 19175595A EP 3584519 B1 EP3584519 B1 EP 3584519B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
pipe
flash tank
coil
compressor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19175595.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3584519A1 (fr
Inventor
Shitong Zha
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heatcraft Refrigeration Products LLC
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Heatcraft Refrigeration Products LLC
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3584519A1 publication Critical patent/EP3584519A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B19/00—Machines, plants or systems, using evaporation of a refrigerant but without recovery of the vapour
    • F25B19/005—Machines, plants or systems, using evaporation of a refrigerant but without recovery of the vapour the refrigerant being a liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/04—Desuperheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D13/00—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms
    • F25D13/02—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms with several cooling compartments, e.g. refrigerated locker systems
    • F25D13/04—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms with several cooling compartments, e.g. refrigerated locker systems the compartments being at different temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/046—Condensers with refrigerant heat exchange tubes positioned inside or around a vessel containing water or pcm to cool the refrigerant gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/05—Compression system with heat exchange between particular parts of the system
    • F25B2400/053—Compression system with heat exchange between particular parts of the system between the storage receiver and another part of the system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/13—Economisers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/16—Receivers

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates generally to a cooling system, such as a refrigeration system.
  • Cooling systems are used to cool spaces, such as residential dwellings, commercial buildings, and/or refrigeration units. These systems cycle a refrigerant (also referred to as charge) that is used to cool the spaces.
  • a refrigerant also referred to as charge
  • WO 2012/176072 A2 discloses a refrigeration system primarily using CO2 as refrigerant, comprising a receiver, where a liquid outlet is connected to expansion valves, which are connected to evaporators, which are connected to the suction side of the compressor, which receiver comprises a second gas outlet, which is connected to a second pressure reduction device.
  • the second pressure reduction device is connected by tubing to a first heat exchanging device, which first heat exchanging device is integrated in the receiver. Because the gas is sent to a pressure reduction valve, the temperature is decreased in the gas, before the gas is sent into a heat exchanging device from which heat exchanging device the gas is sent to the suction side of the compressor.
  • US 4,554,799 discloses a refrigeration system comprising an evaporator which feeds uncompressed vapor to a first (low) stage compressor, a second (high) stage compressor which receives low compression vapor from the first stage and feeds high compression vapor to a condenser, and a receiver which receives liquid from the condenser and ultimately feeds it to the evaporator.
  • Desuperheater apparatus comprising a pressure vessel (subcooler) and a heat exchanger, is provided to remove excess heat (superheat) from the compressed vapor fed by the first stage to the second stage to thereby improve thermal efficiency of the system and to reduce the mass of refrigerant to be handled by the second stage thereby enabling use of a smaller, more economical second stage compressor.
  • a typical commercial refrigeration system includes a medium temperature section (e.g., produce shelves) and a low temperature section (e.g., freezers).
  • a low temperature compressor compresses the refrigerant from the low temperature section.
  • a medium temperature compressor compresses a mixture of the refrigerant from the medium temperature section and the compressed refrigerant from the low temperature compressor.
  • the temperature of the refrigerant from the low temperature section and the temperature of the refrigerant from the medium temperature section affect the temperature of the mixture received at the medium temperature compressor.
  • the refrigerant from the medium temperature section cools the refrigerant from the low temperature section as they are mixed.
  • This disclosure contemplates an unconventional cooling system that directs refrigerant from the low temperature compressor into a coil within a flash tank.
  • the liquid refrigerant in the flash tank cools the refrigerant within the coil.
  • the cooled refrigerant is then directed out of the flash tank and to the medium temperature compressor.
  • the refrigerant received by the medium temperature compressor is at a more suitable temperature and the performance of the medium temperature compressor is improved.
  • an apparatus includes a flash tank, a load, a first compressor, a coil, a first pipe, and a second compressor.
  • the flash tank stores a refrigerant.
  • the load uses the refrigerant from the flash tank to cool a space proximate the load.
  • the first compressor compresses the refrigerant from the load.
  • the coil within the flash tank receives the refrigerant from the first compressor such that the received refrigerant is within the coil.
  • the refrigerant stored within the flash tank cools the refrigerant within the coil.
  • the first pipe is within the flash tank.
  • the first pipe directs the refrigerant from within the coil out of the flash tank.
  • the second compressor compresses the refrigerant directed out of the flash tank.
  • a method includes storing, by a flash tank, a refrigerant.
  • the method also includes using, by a load, the refrigerant from the flash tank to cool a space proximate the load and compressing, by a first compressor, the refrigerant from the load.
  • the method further includes receiving, by a coil within the flash tank, the refrigerant from the first compressor such that the received refrigerant is within the coil.
  • the refrigerant stored within the flash tank cools the refrigerant within the coil.
  • the method also includes directing, by a first pipe within the flash tank, the refrigerant from within the coil out of the flash tank and compressing, by a second compressor, the refrigerant directed out of the flash tank.
  • a system includes a high side heat exchanger, a flash tank, a load, a first compressor, a coil, a first pipe, and a second compressor.
  • the high side heat exchanger removes heat from a refrigerant.
  • the flash tank stores the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger.
  • the load uses the refrigerant from the flash tank to cool a space proximate the load.
  • the first compressor compresses the refrigerant from the load.
  • the coil within the flash tank receives the refrigerant from the first compressor such that the received refrigerant is within the coil.
  • the refrigerant stored within the flash tank cools the refrigerant within the coil.
  • the first pipe is within the flash tank.
  • the first pipe directs the refrigerant from within the coil out of the flash tank.
  • the second compressor compresses the refrigerant directed out of the flash tank and to direct the refrigerant to the high side heat exchanger.
  • an embodiment reduces the temperature of a refrigerant at the suction of a medium temperature compressor when a medium temperature load is not being or is not present.
  • an embodiment improves the performance of a compressor by cooling a refrigerant mixture at the suction of the compressor.
  • Certain embodiments may include none, some, or all of the above technical advantages.
  • One or more other technical advantages may be readily apparent to one skilled in the art from the figures, descriptions, and claims included herein.
  • FIGURES 1 through 3 of the drawings like numerals being used for like and corresponding parts of the various drawings.
  • Cooling systems are used to cool spaces, such as residential dwellings, commercial buildings, and/or refrigeration units. These systems cycle a refrigerant (also referred to as charge) that is used to cool the spaces.
  • a typical commercial refrigeration system includes a medium temperature section (e.g., produce shelves) and a low temperature section (e.g., freezers).
  • a low temperature compressor compresses the refrigerant from the low temperature section.
  • a medium temperature compressor compresses a mixture of the refrigerant from the medium temperature section and the compressed refrigerant from the low temperature compressor.
  • the temperature of the refrigerant from the low temperature section and the temperature of the refrigerant from the medium temperature section affect the temperature of the mixture received at the medium temperature compressor.
  • the refrigerant from the medium temperature section cools the refrigerant from the low temperature section as they are mixed.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates an example of such an existing cooling system 100 not forming part of the claimed invention.
  • system 100 includes a high side heat exchanger 105, a flash tank 110, a medium temperature load 115, a low temperature load 120, a low temperature compressor 125, and a medium temperature compressor 130.
  • these components cycle a refrigerant to cool spaces proximate medium temperature load 115 and low temperature load 120.
  • High side heat exchanger 105 removes heat from a refrigerant (e.g., carbon dioxide). When heat is removed from the refrigerant, the refrigerant is cooled.
  • a refrigerant e.g., carbon dioxide
  • This disclosure contemplates high side heat exchanger 105 being operated as a condenser and/or a gas cooler. When operating as a condenser, high side heat exchanger 105 cools the refrigerant such that the state of the refrigerant changes from a gas to a liquid. When operating as a gas cooler, high side heat exchanger 105 cools gaseous and/or supercritical refrigerant and the refrigerant remains a gas and/or a supercritical fluid.
  • a refrigerant e.g., carbon dioxide
  • high side heat exchanger 105 is positioned such that heat removed from the refrigerant may be discharged into the air.
  • high side heat exchanger 105 may be positioned on a rooftop so that heat removed from the refrigerant may be discharged into the air.
  • high side heat exchanger 105 may be positioned external to a building and/or on the side of a building.
  • Flash tank 110 stores refrigerant received from high side heat exchanger 105.
  • This disclosure contemplates flash tank 110 storing refrigerant in any state such as, for example, a liquid state and/or a gaseous state.
  • Refrigerant leaving flash tank 110 is fed to low temperature load 120 and medium temperature load 115.
  • a flash gas and/or a gaseous refrigerant is released from flash tank 110. By releasing flash gas, the pressure within flash tank 110 may be reduced.
  • System 100 includes a low temperature portion and a medium temperature portion.
  • the low temperature portion typically operates at a lower temperature than the medium temperature portion.
  • the low temperature portion may be a freezer system and the medium temperature system may be a regular refrigeration system.
  • the low temperature portion may include freezers used to hold frozen foods
  • the medium temperature portion may include refrigerated shelves used to hold produce.
  • system 100 includes a medium temperature load 115 and a low temperature load 120.
  • the medium temperature portion includes medium temperature load 115, and the low temperature portion includes low temperature load 120.
  • Each of these loads is used to cool a particular space.
  • medium temperature load 115 may be a produce shelf in a grocery store and low temperature load 120 may be a freezer case.
  • low temperature load 120 keeps a space cooled to freezing temperatures (e.g., below 32 degrees Fahrenheit) and medium temperature load 115 keeps a space cooled above freezing temperatures (e.g., above 32 degrees Fahrenheit).
  • Refrigerant flows from flash tank 110 to both the low temperature and medium temperature portions of the refrigeration system.
  • the refrigerant may flow to low temperature load 120 and medium temperature load 115.
  • the refrigerant removes heat from the air around low temperature load 120 or medium temperature load 115.
  • the cooled air may then be circulated such as, for example, by a fan to cool a space such as, for example, a freezer and/or a refrigerated shelf.
  • the refrigerant may change from a liquid state to a gaseous state as it absorbs heat.
  • Refrigerant flows from low temperature load 120 and medium temperature load 115 to compressors 125 and 130.
  • This disclosure contemplates system 100 including any number of low temperature compressors 125 and medium temperature compressors 130.
  • the low temperature compressor 125 and medium temperature compressor 130 may be configured to increase the pressure of the refrigerant. As a result, the heat in the refrigerant may become concentrated and the refrigerant may become a high-pressure gas.
  • Low temperature compressor 125 compresses refrigerant from low temperature load 120 and sends the compressed refrigerant to medium temperature compressor 130.
  • Medium temperature compressor 130 compresses refrigerant from low temperature compressor 125 and/or medium temperature load 115.
  • the refrigerant from low temperature compressor 125 mixes with and is cooled by the refrigerant from medium temperature load 115 before entering medium temperature compressor 130.
  • Medium temperature compressor 130 may then send the compressed refrigerant to high side heat exchanger 105.
  • This disclosure contemplates an unconventional cooling system that directs refrigerant from the low temperature compressor into a coil within a flash tank.
  • the liquid refrigerant in the flash tank cools the refrigerant within the coil.
  • the cooled refrigerant is then directed out of the flash tank and to the medium temperature compressor.
  • the refrigerant received by the medium temperature compressor is at a more suitable temperature and the performance of the medium temperature compressor is improved.
  • the cooling system according to the invention will be described in more detail using FIGURES 2 through 3 .
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates an example cooling system 200.
  • system 200 includes a high side heat exchanger 105, a flash tank 110, a low temperature load 120, a low temperature compressor 125, a medium temperature compressor 130, a coil 205, a pipe 215, a pipe 220, a desuperheater 230, and an oil separator 234.
  • system 200 improves the performance of medium temperature compressor 130 by directing refrigerant from low temperature compressor 125 into coil 205.
  • a refrigerant 210 stored in a flash tank 110 then cools the refrigerant in coil 205.
  • the cooled refrigerant is then directed out of flash tank 110 to medium temperature compressor 130.
  • medium temperature compressor 130 receives a refrigerant that it can appropriately handle.
  • the performance of medium temperature compressor 130 is improved in certain embodiments.
  • High side heat exchanger 105, flash tank 110, low temperature load 120, low temperature compressor 125, and medium temperature compressor 130 operate similarly as they did in system 100.
  • high side heat exchanger 105 removes heat from a refrigerant.
  • Flash tank 110 stores the refrigerant.
  • Low temperature load 120 uses the refrigerant to cool a space proximate low temperature load 120.
  • Low temperature compressor 125 compresses the refrigerant from low temperature load 120.
  • Medium temperature compressor 130 compresses the refrigerant from low temperature compressor 125.
  • One significant difference between system 200 and system 100 is that system 200 does not include a medium temperature load.
  • system 200 employs a different mechanism to cool the refrigerant from low temperature compressor 125 before it reaches medium temperature compressor 130.
  • Coil 205 is positioned within flash tank 110. In certain embodiments, portions of coil 205 are submerged within a liquid refrigerant 210 stored within flash tank 110. Refrigerant from low temperature compressor 125 is directed into coil 205 such that the refrigerant flows within coil 205. As the refrigerant flows through coil 205, the liquid refrigerant 210 stored within flash tank 110 absorbs heat from the refrigerant flowing within coil 205. As a result, the refrigerant within coil 205 is cooled. As seen in FIGURE 2 , coil 205 is positioned near a bottom surface of flash tank 110. Refrigerant from low temperature compressor 125 enters coil 205 near the bottom surface of flash tank 110.
  • Coil 205 may be made using any thermally-conductive material, such as, for example, a metal. Although coil 205 is referred to as a coil, this disclosure contemplates coil 205 being any structure that contains refrigerant from low temperature compressor 125 and allows that refrigerant to flow through the structure. For example, coil 205 may be a straight pipe or a pipe configured in any shape.
  • System 200 includes a pipe 215 coupled to coil 205. As seen in FIGURE 2 , pipe 215 couples to a top portion of coil 205. Pipe 215 is positioned above coil 205 such that pipe 215 is closer to a top surface of flash tank 110 than coil 205. Pipe 215 includes a top end 225A and a bottom end 225B. Bottom end 225B couples to coil 205. Refrigerant flowing upwards through coil 205 enters pipe 215 through bottom end 225B. Pipe 215 is positioned above liquid refrigerant 210 in certain embodiments such that pipe 215 is not in contact with liquid refrigerant 210.
  • Flash gas within flash tank 110 enters pipe 215 through top end 225A.
  • portions of liquid refrigerant 210 may convert to a flash gas.
  • the flash gas rises in flash tank 110 and enters pipe 215 through top end 225A.
  • Pipe 220 is positioned within flash tank 110. As seen in FIGURE 2 , pipe 220 couples to pipe 215. In some embodiments, pipe 220 is positioned within flash tank 110 such that pipe 220 is not in contact with liquid portions of refrigerant 210 stored in flash tank 110. Refrigerant from coil 205 that enters pipe 215 through bottom end 225B and flash gas in flash tank 110 that enters pipe 215 through top end 225A flow through pipe 215 into pipe 220. Pipe 220 then directs the refrigerant and the flash gas through pipe 220 and out of flash tank 110 to medium temperature compressor 130. Medium temperature compressor 130 then compresses the refrigerant and the flash gas.
  • medium temperature compressor 130 effectively sucks the refrigerant within coil 205 and the flash gas in flash tank 110 through pipe 215 and pipe 220 to medium temperature compressor 130.
  • medium temperature compressor 130 can appropriately handle the refrigerant. As a result, the performance of medium temperature compressor 130 improves in certain embodiments. In this manner, system 200 can operate efficiently even if a medium temperature load is shut off or removed from the system.
  • System 200 may include a desuperheater 230.
  • desuperheater 230 receives refrigerant from low temperature compressor 125 and directs that refrigerant to coil 205.
  • Desuperheater 230 removes heat from the refrigerant flowing through Desuperheater 230. In this manner, the refrigerant from low temperature compressor 125 is cooled by desuperheater 230 before it is further cooled within coil 205.
  • Certain embodiments do not include desuperheater 230. In those embodiments, refrigerant from low temperature compressor 125 flows directly to coil 205.
  • System 200 includes, an oil separator 235.
  • Refrigerant from medium temperature compressor 130 flows through oil separator 235 before reaching high side heat exchanger 105.
  • Oil separator 235 separates oil that may have mixed with the refrigerant. The oil may have mixed with the refrigerant in low temperature compressor 125 and/or medium temperature compressor 130. By separating the oil from the refrigerant, oil separator 235 protects other components of system 200 from being clogged and/or damaged by the oil. Oil separator 235 may collect the separated oil. The oil may then be removed from oil separator 235 and added back to low temperature compressor 125 and/or medium temperature compressor 130. Certain embodiments do not include oil separator 235. In these embodiments, refrigerant from medium temperature compressor 130 flows directly to high side heat exchanger 105.
  • FIGURE 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method 300 for operating the cooling system 200 of FIGURE 2 .
  • various components of system 200 perform the steps of method 300.
  • system 200 improves the performance of a compressor within system 200 in particular embodiments.
  • a high side heat exchanger begins by removing heat from a refrigerant in step 305.
  • a flash tank stores the refrigerant.
  • a load then uses the refrigerant to cool a space in step 315.
  • a low temperature compressor compresses the refrigerant.
  • the low temperature compressor After the low temperature compressor compresses the refrigerant, the low temperature compressor directs the refrigerant to a coil within a flash tank to cool the refrigerant in step 325.
  • the refrigerant within the coil may be cooled by a liquid refrigerant stored within the flash tank as the refrigerant within the coil flows through the coil.
  • the refrigerant is directed out of the flash tank.
  • There may be piping configured within the flash tank to direct the refrigerant out of the flash tank and to a medium temperature compressor.
  • a medium temperature compressor compresses the refrigerant. After the refrigerant is compressed, the medium temperature compressor may direct the refrigerant to the high side heat exchanger.
  • Method 300 may include more, fewer, or other steps. For example, steps may be performed in parallel or in any suitable order. While discussed as system 200 (or components thereof) performing the steps, any suitable component of system 200 may perform one or more steps of the method.
  • the invention is defined in the claims.

Claims (11)

  1. Appareil (200), comprenant :
    un réservoir de détente (110) configuré pour accumuler un réfrigérant ;
    une charge (120) configurée pour utiliser le réfrigérant provenant du réservoir de détente (110) pour refroidir un espace à proximité de la charge (120) ;
    un premier compresseur (125) configuré pour comprimer le réfrigérant provenant de la charge (120) ;
    un serpentin (205) à l'intérieur du réservoir de détente (110) configuré pour recevoir le réfrigérant provenant du premier compresseur (125) de telle sorte que le réfrigérant reçu soit à l'intérieur du serpentin (205), le réfrigérant à l'intérieur du réservoir de détente (110) refroidit le réfrigérant à l'intérieur du serpentin (205) ;
    un premier tuyau (220) à l'intérieur du réservoir de détente (110), le premier tuyau (220) étant configuré pour orienter le réfrigérant, depuis l'intérieur du serpentin (205), hors du réservoir de détente (110) ;
    un second compresseur (130) configuré pour comprimer le réfrigérant orienté hors du réservoir de détente (110) ; et
    un second tuyau (215) comprenant une première extrémité et une seconde extrémité, le second tuyau (215) étant à l'intérieur du réservoir de détente (110) de telle sorte qu'une vapeur instantanée entre dans le second tuyau à travers la première extrémité, le second tuyau étant positionné au-dessus du serpentin, la seconde extrémité du second tuyau étant couplée au serpentin (205) de telle sorte que le réfrigérant à l'intérieur du serpentin entre dans le second tuyau (215) à travers la seconde extrémité, le premier tuyau (220) étant couplé au second tuyau (215), le premier tuyau (220) étant en outre configuré pour orienter la vapeur instantanée, depuis l'intérieur du second tuyau (215), hors du réservoir de détente (110), le second compresseur (130) étant en outre configuré pour comprimer la vapeur instantanée orientée hors du réservoir de détente (110).
  2. Appareil (200) selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre un désurchauffeur (230) configuré pour éliminer de la chaleur du réfrigérant provenant du premier compresseur (125) et pour orienter le réfrigérant vers le serpentin (205).
  3. Appareil (200) selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre un séparateur d'huile (235) configuré pour séparer une huile du réfrigérant provenant du second compresseur (130).
  4. Appareil (200) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le réfrigérant est du dioxyde de carbone.
  5. Procédé, comprenant :
    l'accumulation, par un réservoir de détente (110), d'un réfrigérant ;
    l'utilisation, par une charge (120), du réfrigérant provenant du réservoir de détente (110) pour refroidir un espace à proximité de la charge (120) ;
    la compression, par un premier compresseur (125), du réfrigérant provenant de la charge (120) ;
    la réception, par un serpentin (205) à l'intérieur du réservoir de détente (110), du réfrigérant provenant du premier compresseur (125) de telle sorte que le réfrigérant reçu soit à l'intérieur du serpentin (205), le réfrigérant à l'intérieur du réservoir de détente (110) refroidit le réfrigérant à l'intérieur du serpentin (205) ;
    l'orientation, par un premier tuyau (220) à l'intérieur du réservoir de détente (110), du réfrigérant, depuis l'intérieur du serpentin (205), hors du réservoir de détente (110) ;
    la compression, par un second compresseur (130), du réfrigérant orienté hors du réservoir de détente (110) ; et
    la réception, par un second tuyau (215) à l'intérieur du réservoir de détente (110), du réfrigérant à l'intérieur du serpentin, le second tuyau (215) comprenant une première extrémité et une seconde extrémité, une vapeur instantanée entre dans le second tuyau à travers la première extrémité, le second tuyau étant positionné au-dessus du serpentin, la seconde extrémité du second tuyau étant couplée au serpentin de telle sorte que le réfrigérant à l'intérieur du serpentin entre dans le second tuyau à travers la seconde extrémité, le premier tuyau (220) étant couplé au second tuyau (215) ;
    l'orientation, par le premier tuyau (220), de la vapeur instantanée, depuis l'intérieur du second tuyau (205), hors du réservoir de détente (110) ; et
    la compression, par le second compresseur, de la vapeur instantanée orientée hors du réservoir de détente (110) .
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, comprenant en outre l'élimination, par un désurchauffeur (230), de chaleur du réfrigérant provenant du premier compresseur (130) et pour orienter le réfrigérant vers le serpentin (205) .
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 5, comprenant en outre la séparation, par un séparateur d'huile (235), d'une huile du réfrigérant provenant du second compresseur (130).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel une partie du serpentin (205) est immergée à l'intérieur d'une partie liquide du réfrigérant dans le réservoir de détente (110).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le premier tuyau (220) et le second tuyau (215) ne sont pas en contact avec une partie liquide du réfrigérant dans le réservoir de détente (110).
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le réfrigérant est du dioxyde de carbone.
  11. Appareil (200) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, comprenant en outre :
    un échangeur de chaleur de côté haut (105) configuré pour éliminer de la chaleur d'un réfrigérant, dans lequel le second compresseur (130) est configuré pour orienter le réfrigérant vers l'échangeur de chaleur de côté haut (105) .
EP19175595.8A 2018-06-05 2019-05-21 Système de refroidissement Active EP3584519B1 (fr)

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CN111912131B (zh) * 2020-06-16 2021-05-28 西安交通大学 一种多级冷却二氧化碳制冷空调及制冷方法

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CN110567180A (zh) 2019-12-13
EP3584519A1 (fr) 2019-12-25
US20190368784A1 (en) 2019-12-05
US10663196B2 (en) 2020-05-26

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