EP3582924A1 - Method for coding a plate-like workpiece, method for identifying a plate-like workpiece, coding system - Google Patents
Method for coding a plate-like workpiece, method for identifying a plate-like workpiece, coding systemInfo
- Publication number
- EP3582924A1 EP3582924A1 EP18705906.8A EP18705906A EP3582924A1 EP 3582924 A1 EP3582924 A1 EP 3582924A1 EP 18705906 A EP18705906 A EP 18705906A EP 3582924 A1 EP3582924 A1 EP 3582924A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coding
- workpiece
- reaction
- base material
- laser
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
- B23K26/0342—Observing magnetic fields related to the workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
- B23K26/126—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of gases chemically reacting with the workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K1/00—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion
- G06K1/12—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion otherwise than by punching
- G06K1/125—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion otherwise than by punching by magnetic means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of encoding a plate-like workpiece, a method of identifying a plate-like workpiece, and a coding system for identifying a plate-like workpiece.
- a method of encoding a plate-like workpiece In order to identify and track products, it is known to provide the products with a readable code.
- a method for encoding plate-like workpieces is known for example from DE 10 2014 210 611 AI.
- a visible code is applied to the workpiece.
- the problem here is that a post-processing of these components, eg. As by powder coating, grinding and deburring, causes the previously applied laser marking is no longer present or at least damaged, so that the workpieces can then no longer be tracked or identified.
- DE 102 48 142 B3 describes a method for producing a magnetically scannable coding in a metallic component by generating permanent microstructural changes by means of a radiation source, which by changing the lattice structure and incorporation of ions, a change in the magnetic conductivity in the irradiated areas compared to the non-irradiated areas of the Causes component.
- the process is limited to a few materials that can be magnetized in this way.
- the coding thus obtained can be read out with only very complex reading heads
- the coding method according to the invention comprises the following method steps: defining a coding region of the workpiece; Producing a coding by irradiation of the workpiece in the Kodier Suite with radiation, in particular laser radiation, such that a chemical reaction of the base material of the workpiece caused and a reaction material is formed within the Kodier Suites, wherein the chemical reaction causes a change in the magnetic remanence and thus the reaction material has a different magnetic remanence than the base material; and activating the coding by aligning the magnetic moments of the reaction material at least in the coding region.
- the reaction of the base material of the workpiece with the introduced radiation in the coding region forms a layer of reaction material (coding layer), which may comprise different "islands.”
- the workpiece therefore additionally comprises the reaction material after the coding in addition to the base material, whereby a different one in the coding region Remanence (ie the magnetization that retains the material after exposure and subsequent removal of an external magnetic field) is realized as being in the non-irradiated area of the workpiece
- the chemical reaction is preferably effected on the surface of the workpiece to make the different magnetic remanences measurable Coding is activated by temporarily exposing the workpiece to a magnetic field, at least in the coding region, which aligns the magnetic moments of the reaction material (and possibly of the surrounding base material) From the magnetic field, the workpiece has a different magnetization in the coding region than outside the coding region.
- the chemical reaction increases or decreases the magnetic signal in the coding region.
- the inventive method can be carried out with a variety of base materials.
- the base material comprises at least one of the elements: Fe, Al, Ni, Cu (eg, stainless steel, structural steel, aluminum). It is crucial that the base material of the workpiece and the reaction product of the chemical reaction have different magnetic remanences and thus different magnetizations after activation of the coding.
- the workpiece comprises a magnetizable base material.
- the base material of the workpiece is ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic, since these materials have magnetic domains. From the combination of the statistical distribution of the magnetic domains of the base material, which is different for each workpiece, and the distribution of the reaction product over a range to be read later (read range) creates an individual (unique) coding pattern (mag. Fingerprint), which is also easy with portable Readers can be read.
- the base material in the coding region is exposed during the irradiation to a reaction gas, wherein preferably the reaction gas is supplied by means of a gas supply device.
- the reaction gas can trigger and / or enhance and / or accelerate the chemical reaction.
- a gas nozzle is particularly advantageous because in this way in the coding region a relative to the ambient air increased concentration of the reaction gas is provided and the chemical reaction can be controlled specifically.
- oxygen can serve as the reaction gas.
- the chemical reaction preferably produces an oxide, in particular a magnetic metal oxide, for example iron (II, III) oxide or aluminum oxide, as reaction material.
- a magnetic metal oxide for example iron (II, III) oxide or aluminum oxide
- the magnetic signal is amplified or reduced by formation of the oxide layer.
- iron (II, III) oxide layer Fe304 magnetite
- the irradiation of the workpiece in the Kodier Scheme by means of a movable relative to the workpiece laser optics of a laser marking machine or a laser processing machine, in particular a laser cutting machine, performed.
- the laser optics is moved over the coding region, so that the workpiece is exposed to laser radiation in the region to be marked (coding region).
- the laser beam scans the coding region by means of a scanning device, in particular a galvanometer scanner or MEMS mirror.
- Galvanometer scanners are highly dynamic multi-turn actuators with high resolution, good repeatability and good drift values.
- a diffusion barrier is created between the reaction material and the base material of the workpiece. This will Longer lasting and does not lose their recognizability due to mixing of the materials of the reaction material with the base material of the workpiece.
- a diffusion barrier is a barrier layer with low diffusion rate into consideration.
- special chemical reaction products eg with carbide or silicon are suitable. This can also be done, for example, by a special temperature profile generated by the control of the radiation or by a pulsed radiation.
- the method of laser optics relative to the workpiece by means of a flying optics or a robot can be done.
- Flying optics ie devices in which the workpiece to be machined is stationary on a workpiece support, while the optics moves in three axes, are known, for example, from 2D laser cutting devices.
- the activation of the coding is preferably carried out by a permanent magnet or electromagnet in the vicinity of Kodierbreichs, preferably a distance of approx. 0, 1 to 5 mm is brought.
- a surface treatment of the workpiece is carried out after the irradiation of the workpiece.
- the surface treatment occurs after the formation of the reaction material.
- the activation of the reaction material may be carried out before or after the surface treatment.
- the workpiece can be provided with conventional means with an "invisible" coding
- the surface treatment preferably includes painting, powder coating, gluing or deburring.
- the invention also relates to a method for identifying a plate-like workpiece from a base material, in particular sheets, the method according to the invention comprising: coding the workpiece according to the method described above; Reading the coding by measuring the local distribution of the magnetization in a readout area; Storage of read coding in a memory device; re-reading the coding by measuring the local distribution of the magnetization; Comparison of the stored coding and the re-read coding;
- the coding region can comprise a number of non-contiguous subareas ("islands"), between which there are regions without reaction material, so that a more complex coding can also be realized.
- the workpiece is provided with a marking for positioning a reading device for reading out the coding.
- the readout region it is also possible to select the readout region so that it extends over the entire workpiece or at least over the entire length or width of the workpiece, or to repeat the coding along the entire length and / or width, so that the coding independently can be read from the start positioning of the reader.
- the magnetic field strength is preferably detected in particular by means of a Hall sensor and the movement of the reading device relative to the workpiece, in particular by means of an acceleration sensor and / or gyro sensor.
- a "portable reader” is to be understood as a mobile handheld device, such as, for example, a smartphone or a tablet computer, and the result of the comparison can advantageously be displayed on the portable reading device.
- the invention also relates to a coding system for coding and identifying a plate-like workpiece, in particular by means of a previously described method, comprising an irradiation device for coding the workpiece.
- the irradiation device is adapted to cause a chemical reaction of the base material of the workpiece and to form a reaction material within the Kodier Suites by applying the radiation to the workpiece, in particular laser radiation, in a Kodier Scheme, wherein the chemical reaction causes a change in the magnetic remanence and thus the reaction material has a different magnetic remanence than the base material.
- the coding system according to the invention furthermore comprises a device for activating the coding by aligning the magnetic moments of the reaction material at least in the coding region and a reading device for reading out the coding.
- the reader is portable.
- the coding system comprises a memory device for storing the coding and a comparison device for comparing codes.
- a memory device for storing the coding
- a comparison device for comparing codes.
- a particularly compact arrangement results if the reading device and / or the device for activating the coding are integrated in the irradiation device.
- the irradiation device comprises a gas supply device for supplying a reaction gas.
- the irradiation device is a laser processing machine with a workpiece support and a laser processing head which can be positioned relative to the workpiece support, wherein the laser processing machine has a first operating mode for shaping, in particular for cutting and / or welding, a plate-like workpiece. and wherein the laser processing machine has a second mode of operation for encoding the workpiece.
- the laser processing machine may be part of a flat bed machine, in particular for processing plate-like metallic workpieces.
- the flatbed machine may be configured to perform further processing steps on the workpiece, such. As stamping and / or bending and / or drilling and / or threading and / or the surface pre- or post-treatment and / or heating or cooling and / or activation of the coding.
- the laser processing machine comprises a control device, wherein the control device is adapted to set the intensity of the laser beam generated by the laser processing head and the volume flow of the gas to be supplied by the gas supply means in the second operating mode such that irradiation of the workpiece in the coding region with the Laser beam is triggered and / or amplified a chemical reaction of the base material with the reaction gas, wherein the reaction material, which has a different magnetic remanence than the base material is generated by the chemical reaction.
- the base material of the workpiece, the reaction gas and the intensity of the laser can be coordinated so that the laser irradiation, a chemical process is set in motion, which may the desired change in the base material with respect to the mag. Remanence causes.
- control device is set up to reduce the intensity of the laser in the second operating mode with respect to the intensity in the first operating mode, for example by reducing the power and / or by widening the laser beam.
- control device controls the movement of the laser processing head.
- the control device is equipped for this purpose with a corresponding computer program product.
- the invention therefore also relates to a computer program product with a stored program code for an electronic control device suitable for data processing for a previously described coding system, the computer program product containing control commands which cause the control device to carry out the method described above.
- the reading device has a Hall sensor with which the alignment of the domains of the workpiece and the signal intensity of the magnetic flux density emanating from the workpiece can be detected.
- the reading device may have an acceleration sensor and / or a gyrosensor and / or a GPS receiver. In this way, the position and orientation of the workpiece relative to the portable device can be determined.
- the coding system has access to the Internet via LAN, WiFi, etc.
- Fig. 1 shows a coding system according to the invention for applying a code to a workpiece
- Fig. Fig. 2 shows an arrangement of white areas within a section of the workpiece with applied coding; detected by a Hall sensor waveforms as a function of the position of the Hall sensor for a workpiece made of stainless steel and for a workpiece made of structural steel.
- Fig. 3 shows a portable reading device, a comparison and a memory device for a coding system according to the invention
- FIG. 1 shows an inventive coding system with an irradiation device 1 with a radiation unit 2, for example in the form of a laser processing head.
- a workpiece 4 made of a base material is arranged on a workpiece support 5 and can be acted upon by the radiation unit 2 with radiation 3.
- a coding region 13 is defined, in which the magnetic remanence with respect to the remanence of the base material is to be changed.
- the coding region 13 preferably has a size in the microscopic range and therefore comprises a plurality of magnetic domains, which are generally ten nanometers to a few micrometers in size.
- the radiation unit 2 is preferably designed to scan at least a portion of the workpiece 4.
- the radiation 3 is directed to different areas of the workpiece 4 or in that the radiation unit 2 and the workpiece holder 5 can be moved relative to each other in the example shown, such as in Fig. 1 indicated by the arrows.
- the radiation unit 2 can be equipped with an objective 6.
- a chemical reaction with the base material of the workpiece 4 is caused, which causes a change in the magnetic remanence by forming a reaction material.
- a reaction gas is supplied to the coding region 13 by means of a gas supply device 7.
- a coding layer of metal oxide (reaction material) is applied to the workpiece surface in the irradiated region 13. generated.
- the gas supply device 7 and the radiation unit 2 can be controlled by means of a control device 23.
- a gas supply device 7 connected to the radiation unit 2 is shown. However, it is also possible that the gas supply device 7 is integrated in the radiation unit 2 or is arranged separately from the radiation unit 2.
- the read-out region 10 preferably has an extension in the cm range.
- the reader 11 may be permanently integrated in the irradiation device 1; however, a portable reader 15 can also be used.
- FIG. 2 shows the read-out region 10 of a ferromagnetic workpiece 4 with its individual pattern of magnetic domains 12. Depending on how strong the base material of the workpiece 4 is magnetic, the magnetic signal in the coding region 13 is increased or decreased by the chemical reaction.
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the coding system comprises a portable reading device 15, a comparison device 16, as shown in FIG.
- the coding is read out via the reading device 15, for example by means of Hall sensors 17, which are installed in a mobile device 18, for example a smartphone or a tablet computer.
- the reading device 15 is used to read out the coding at a distance of approx. 1 to 3 cm over the workpiece 4 moves away.
- the reading device 15 must be brought to the correct position on or over the workpiece 4, for this it is helpful if a mark is placed on the workpiece 4 or a rule is determined where the coding is to be attached (eg. "always lower left corner"). If the portable reading device 15 is guided with the Hall sensors 17 over the workpiece 4, the movement can be detected via a further sensor 21 (gyrosensor and / or acceleration sensor), so that the signal is dependent on the location (here along the example Direction x) can be specified. If the portable reader 15 has a GPS receiver 20, the location of the workpiece 4 can also be determined during readout of the fingerprint and transmitted via the Internet, for example, to a product vendor.
- this unique fingerprint can be checked for authenticity.
- the data of the sensors 17, 20, 21 are to, preferably via W-LAN, transmitted to the comparator 16 and compared there with the stored in the memory device 22 signature data. This way you can the workpiece 4 identified and stored in the memory device 22 properties of the workpiece 4 are verified.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102017202629.4A DE102017202629B4 (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2017-02-17 | Method for coding a plate-like workpiece, method for identifying a plate-like workpiece, coding system for coding and identifying a plate-like workpiece |
PCT/EP2018/053879 WO2018149964A1 (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2018-02-16 | Method for coding a plate-like workpiece, method for identifying a plate-like workpiece, coding system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3582924A1 true EP3582924A1 (en) | 2019-12-25 |
Family
ID=61244605
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18705906.8A Withdrawn EP3582924A1 (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2018-02-16 | Method for coding a plate-like workpiece, method for identifying a plate-like workpiece, coding system |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3582924A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102017202629B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018149964A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018217582A1 (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2020-04-16 | Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg | Method and system for identifying a workpiece |
CN116934788B (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-11-21 | 韶山中新智能自动化科技有限公司 | Clamp cooperative regulation and control method for metal plate grooving and laser cutting |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5089060A (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1992-02-18 | General Motors Corporation | Thermomagnetically patterned magnets and method of making same |
HUP9701312A3 (en) | 1997-07-28 | 2000-06-28 | Magyar Allamvasutak Reszvenyta | Method for complex shaping of marks or a system of marks by means of modifying texture and inner stresses in materials and by non-destructive read-out of marks or packets of marks |
US6309690B1 (en) * | 1999-04-01 | 2001-10-30 | Microtrace, Inc. | System for retrospective identification and method of marking articles for retrospective identification |
DE10248142B3 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2004-07-01 | Kuhnke Gmbh | Code writing system for production of magnet-readable code on surface of cylindrical object involves laser producing intense switchable beam locally changing characteristics of magnetic surface layer |
DE102010051394A1 (en) | 2010-11-12 | 2012-05-16 | V & M Deutschland Gmbh | Method for tracking unique materials of hollow structure e.g. ferromagnetic steel pipe, involves providing distinct marks for identification of material at pipe surface, in form of magnetic marks in different directions of magnetization |
US10106880B2 (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2018-10-23 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Modifying the surface chemistry of a material |
DE102014210611A1 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2015-12-17 | Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg | Method for marking a DataMatrix code on a workpiece by means of a laser beam |
-
2017
- 2017-02-17 DE DE102017202629.4A patent/DE102017202629B4/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-02-16 EP EP18705906.8A patent/EP3582924A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-02-16 WO PCT/EP2018/053879 patent/WO2018149964A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2018149964A1 (en) | 2018-08-23 |
DE102017202629B4 (en) | 2022-02-17 |
DE102017202629A1 (en) | 2018-08-23 |
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