EP3577664B1 - Electrical device with a tank having a shape complementary to the active part - Google Patents

Electrical device with a tank having a shape complementary to the active part Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3577664B1
EP3577664B1 EP18710397.3A EP18710397A EP3577664B1 EP 3577664 B1 EP3577664 B1 EP 3577664B1 EP 18710397 A EP18710397 A EP 18710397A EP 3577664 B1 EP3577664 B1 EP 3577664B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical device
winding
tank
core
active part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18710397.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3577664A1 (en
Inventor
Markus Baumann
Klaus Delatron
Julian Kraus
Manfred Montag
Erwin Sauer
Christer Vogt
David Weber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to PL18710397T priority Critical patent/PL3577664T3/en
Publication of EP3577664A1 publication Critical patent/EP3577664A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3577664B1 publication Critical patent/EP3577664B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02Casings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/06Mounting, supporting or suspending transformers, reactors or choke coils not being of the signal type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10Liquid cooling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/245Magnetic cores made from sheets, e.g. grain-oriented
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/26Fastening parts of the core together; Fastening or mounting the core on casing or support
    • H01F27/263Fastening parts of the core together
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/321Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof using a fluid for insulating purposes only

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical device for connection to a high voltage with an active part which has a magnetizable core and at least one winding which is set up to generate a magnetic flux in the core, and a tank which can be filled with an insulating fluid and in which the active part is arranged , wherein the boiler forms an inner wall which is designed to complement the outer contour of the winding or the windings.
  • Such an electrical device is for example from JP H02 244703 A known.
  • the electrical device described there has a magnetizable core that forms a closed magnetic circuit.
  • One leg of the core is enclosed by a winding so that the winding can generate a magnetic flux in the core.
  • the core and windings are arranged in a tank that is designed to complement the shape of the external winding. The tank therefore has a round shape on the outside.
  • JP S 61 135104 A , CN 202 720 994 U , JP H 09 35957 A also show such an electrical device.
  • the WO 2016/038222 A1 discloses a railway transformer with a tank adapted to the contour of the windings, the core being partially arranged outside the tank. Further prior art is from EP 3 048 623 A1 , CN 204 010 978 U , JP S 61 174704 A , CN 204 204 561 U , CN 104 465 038 A , CN 204 834 288 U , US 2014/075744 A1 , CN 204 651 148 U , GB 1 454 501 A , U.S. 3,366,907 A , CN 204 155 755 U , GB997483 , CH487485 , US2013 / 0147594 A1 and the US 8,558,651 B2 known.
  • railway transformers are available on the market that are intended for installation on a rail vehicle, such as a locomotive or a railcar.
  • Railway transformers are used to provide a desired traction voltage for the drive of the locomotive or the railcar depending on different input voltages.
  • the previously known railway transformer has a tank which is at ground potential and which is filled with an insulating fluid, for example an ester fluid.
  • the so-called active part of the transformer is arranged in the tank and comprises a core consisting of magnetizable sheet metal and at least two windings concentrically surrounding a section of the core.
  • the boiler is equipped with bushings to connect the transformer to a high voltage.
  • the previously known electrical device has the disadvantage that the boiler is designed to occupy space and the electrical device has a high dead weight.
  • a compact, lightweight structure is desirable, particularly in railway applications.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an electrical device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is designed to be compact and has a low dead weight.
  • connection lines and a distribution device, the connection lines being connected to a winding at their winding end and to the distribution device at their distribution end, the core forming at least one beveled core corner and the distribution device in the area the beveled core corner is arranged.
  • the boiler is not, as in the prior art, box-shaped. Rather, the cup shape is adapted to the outer contour of at least one of the windings.
  • the shape of the boiler is advantageously complementary formed for each winding that defines the outer contour of the windings.
  • the boiler maintains a distance from the windings that is sufficient to ensure the desired dielectric strength of the electrical device. Due to the shape of the boiler, which is complementary in shape over the entire circumference of the boiler, at least in the area of the windings, it has a smaller internal volume, so that the boiler has to be filled with less insulating fluid. Because of the smaller volume of the insulating fluid, the electrical device is lighter and more compact than a prior art electrical device with a box-shaped vessel. With regard to the smaller amount of insulating fluid, there are also cost advantages.
  • the shape-complementary design of the boiler is fully within the scope of the invention and not limited to adjustments in the bottom or cover area of the boiler.
  • connection lines are provided which are each connected at their winding end to a winding and at their distributor end to a distribution device, the core forming at least one beveled core corner and the distribution device being arranged in the area of the beveled core corner.
  • the active part of the electrical device according to the invention embodied in this way has a core with beveled core corners. Compared to a previously known active part, the beveled core corners provide additional installation space for a distribution device.
  • the distribution device is in turn connected to the connection lines which, according to the prior art, extend above the windings.
  • the distribution device otherwise arranged over the windings can be arranged in the area of the beveled core corner, so that the active part is more compact and a shape-complementary configuration of the boiler is supported.
  • the connection lines are preferably insulated round conductors.
  • the active part has several windings, for example four windings, two windings each being arranged concentrically to one another and enclosing a common leg of the core.
  • This is, for example, an inner low-voltage winding and a high-voltage winding surrounding the low-voltage winding.
  • the core expediently has a further leg, which is also enclosed by a low-voltage or high-voltage winding.
  • the two low-voltage and high-voltage windings are connected in series, for example.
  • only the high-voltage windings define the outer contour of the active part.
  • the tank is designed to complement the outer contour of the two high-voltage windings, which are arranged, for example, next to one another, the legs of the two high-voltage windings extending parallel to one another.
  • the inner wall of the boiler follows the outer contour of the outer windings completely.
  • each leg can also be provided within the scope of the invention, each leg being equipped with a low-voltage and high-voltage winding.
  • the tank advantageously forms an inner wall, the dimensions of which are adapted to active part sections with which the active part protrudes beyond the outer contour of the winding or the windings.
  • the boiler at least in its internal configuration, not only clings to the outer contour of the outer windings. Rather, the bowl is also designed in a shape complementary to other sections of the active part, which also define the outer contour of the active part.
  • the core usually has a lower and an upper yoke which extend above and below the end faces of the respective windings.
  • a press frame is usually provided on the upper and lower yoke with which Magnetizable sheets of the core lying flat against one another are pressed against one another.
  • the windings usually define a cylindrical outer contour
  • the remaining outer contour of the active part deviates considerably from this.
  • the shape-complementary adaptation of the boiler to this somewhat more complex outer contour is therefore limited to forming a box-shaped envelope. This means that the design of the boiler does not imitate every screw or every bolt, but rather imitates the entire section with a box-shaped and partially rounded contour.
  • This box-shaped contour then delimits an interior space which enables the said active part sections to be accommodated in a stress-proof manner, but at the same time limits the interior volume of the boiler to a minimum.
  • the tank advantageously forms a hollow-cylindrical central section which is provided to accommodate at least one winding. If the outer contour of the active part is determined in sections by only one winding which has a cylindrical outer contour, the boiler forms a matching hollow cylinder within the scope of the invention, which completely surrounds the winding.
  • the boiler forms a plurality of hollow-cylindrical middle sections, each of which is provided to accommodate at least one winding, the hollow-cylindrical middle sections overlapping one another so that a common interior space is formed.
  • This variant of the invention is used in an active part which has several outer windings aligned in parallel and lying next to one another.
  • each outer winding can be arranged concentrically to an inner winding.
  • Each of these outer windings is arranged in an associated central section of the tank, each individual central section no longer having the outer winding stored in it completely encloses, but merges on one side of the winding into an adjacent central section.
  • the sum of the middle sections completely surrounds all outer windings in a complementary manner.
  • the boiler advantageously has a boiler pan and a boiler cover connected to the boiler pan in an insulating fluid-tight manner.
  • the boiler pan and boiler lid are again designed to be complementary in shape to the outer contour of the outer winding and optionally complementary in shape to the active part sections, which also define the outer contour of the active part.
  • the boiler expediently has fastening means for fastening the electrical device to a rail-guided vehicle.
  • the electrical device according to the invention is designed as a railway transformer.
  • the fastening means comprise two fastening bolts which extend in the longitudinal direction of the active part and which extend on the two outer sides of the boiler. Due to the two fastening bolts, the electrical device according to the invention can be reliably and easily mounted on the rail vehicle.
  • the active part expediently extends horizontally in its longitudinal direction, with the tank trough being arranged below the active part and the tank cover above the active part.
  • the electrical device which is designed here as a railway transformer, is installed horizontally on the rail vehicle, with the boiler pan bearing the active part.
  • the active part is fastened to the inner wall of the boiler pan, with the electrical device also being fastened using fastening means which are attached to the boiler pan.
  • the boiler lid is only used for the fluid-tight shielding and closing of the boiler pan, so that a fluid-tight interior space is provided.
  • a liquid whose essential constituent is or are one or more esters is suitable as the insulating fluid.
  • the boiler is advantageously equipped with a lead-through connection panel.
  • the lead-through connection field is used for simple connection of the electrical device according to the invention to external components, such as converters, switches and the like.
  • the tank maintains a minimum distance from the outer contour of the windings and possibly also from the outer contour of sections of the active part with which the active part protrudes over the outer contour of the windings, the minimum distance being in the range of 25-50 mm. It has been shown that, particularly in the case of railway applications with the high voltages occurring here, a distance of 25-50mm is sufficient to ensure the necessary dielectric strength in connection with the insulating fluids available on the market.
  • each connection conductor runs on an outer side of a winding that faces away from each adjacent winding. According to this advantageous further development, the connection conductors therefore no longer run above the windings, so that the need for an additional internal volume in the tank is avoided.
  • the connection lines extend from a winding tap arranged on the outside of the windings along said outside of the winding, which is remote from any other winding.
  • the beveled core corner is formed on this outside, in the vicinity of which the distributor unit is at least partially arranged. If the active part is equipped with two winding arrangements, for example, each outer winding of the winding arrangement has one side, which faces the other parallel winding arrangement.
  • the winding arrangement also forms a side facing away from the other winding arrangement, which is referred to here as the outside of the winding or winding arrangement.
  • the connection lines are led along this outside directly to the distribution device, so that complex and extensive cable collection is avoided.
  • the taps of the windings are also arranged on the outside.
  • a winding arrangement preferably has two concentrically arranged windings, for example an upper and a lower voltage winding.
  • the electrical device has at least one press frame, which is provided for bracing the core with the aid of yoke bolts, the core being firmly attached to the boiler via the yoke bolts.
  • the electrical device provided according to this variant which is designed, for example, as a transformer, in particular a railway transformer, or as a choke, is characterized by a simple attachment between the core and the boiler.
  • the yoke bolts of the press frame which usually only serve to clamp the core sheets, are also used to fasten the core to the boiler.
  • the yoke bolts can in principle be designed as desired within the scope of the invention.
  • the yoke bolts are circular-cylindrical and provided with an external thread at both ends.
  • Through bores are provided in the core through which the yoke bolts extend.
  • Corresponding feed-through openings are also provided in the two press beams of each press frame, which preferably lie opposite one another on the upper or lower yoke, the respective yoke being arranged between them.
  • the yoke bolts extend both through the respective yoke and through the two press beams of the press frame.
  • the sheets of the core can be clamped together by screwing on nuts.
  • said yoke bolts extend into a fastening means firmly connected to the boiler.
  • the fastening means can be designed as a simple threaded plate on the boiler wall.
  • the free end of the yoke bolt is screwed into the threaded plate.
  • the yoke bolt it is of course also possible for the yoke bolt to have several nuts or corresponding screwable holders or components. For example, it is possible that the press frame does not rest on the boiler, but rather an intermediate nut is provided that holds the press frame and thus the entire core at a distance from the bottom of the boiler.
  • the fastening means is a fastening sleeve which is fastened to the inside of the boiler bottom.
  • the fastening sleeve protrudes from the boiler bottom and is equipped, for example, with an internal thread which engages with an external thread of one of the yoke bolts.
  • a clamping unit for generating a clamping force with which each winding is braced on the core, the clamping unit having no traction means and the clamping force generated by the clamping unit being transmitted solely via the core and introduced into each winding.
  • an active part is provided in which the clamping force is introduced into the winding solely via the core and via the tensioning frame firmly connected to the core.
  • Tension means such as tie rods or tension pressure plates, with which a tensioned holding of the winding ends is made possible, have become superfluous within the scope of the invention.
  • a tensile compression plate is to be understood as a flat tensile means running along the core leg.
  • the construction of the active part according to the invention has become simpler. It requires fewer components than an active part according to the prior art and can thus be designed to be more compact, in other words more space-saving, so that the design of the boiler, which is complementary in shape, is made easier becomes. In addition, easier assembly is guaranteed.
  • the core advantageously has at least one core leg which is enclosed by at least one winding and which extends between a lower and an upper yoke, each winding being held braced between the upper and the lower yoke with the aid of a clamping unit.
  • the clamping unit can be designed as desired.
  • hydraulic cylinders have the disadvantage that they have to be regulated during the entire operating time of the active part in order not to introduce a winding pressure into the windings that fluctuates with the temperature of the insulating fluid when the temperature of an insulating fluid in which the active part is arranged changes.
  • the clamping unit is therefore a simple, one-piece clamping block.
  • the clamping block is dimensioned in such a way that it takes up the additional space that arises when the winding is tensioned, e.g. is defined by a press ring resting on the windings and the upper yoke.
  • the winding can therefore be pre-tensioned and then the clamping block can be positioned between the core and the press ring.
  • the clamping block prevents the windings from relaxing any further and ensures that the windings remain tensioned.
  • the clamping block is, for example, a simple solid solid which consists of an electrically non-conductive and non-magnetizable material, for example a diamagnetic material, an insulating material made of plastic, wood or the like.
  • Magnetizable materials are to be understood here as meaning ferromagnetic materials.
  • the clamping unit comprises clamping wedges which lie against one another and can be displaced against one another and which are equipped with locking means which enable the clamping wedges to be fixed in relation to one another in a desired clamping position.
  • the dimensions of the clamping unit can be adapted to the space created when the windings are clamped, which is created between the core or the clamping frame and the winding ring resting on the winding. For example, the clamping force is first introduced into the winding via a hydraulic system and then the clamping unit is inserted into the space delimited between the winding ring and the clamping frame or the upper or lower yoke.
  • the clamping wedges are first shifted against one another in such a way that the clamping unit can be inserted into the said gap with sufficient play and thus comfortably. Then the wedges are shifted against each other in such a way that the clamping unit enlarges and finally fills the entire space. In this position of the clamping wedges, that is to say in this clamping position, the clamping wedges are fixed with the aid of the locking means. The hydraulic means can then be removed, with the locked clamping wedges clamping the windings on the core or clamping frame and holding them in the clamped position.
  • FIG 1 shows a boiler pan 1 of a previously known boiler, which is designed cuboid, its two lower longitudinal edges 2 and 3 are beveled.
  • fastening arms 4 are provided which are each equipped with fastening means 5.
  • An oil drain 6 can also be seen on the boiler pan 1.
  • the boiler pan 1 has a fastening flange 7 which is used for the fluid-tight fastening of a boiler cover (not shown in the figure).
  • the boiler trough 1 shown is designed to accommodate an active part of a railway transformer, the active part being attached to the inside of the trough bottom 8.
  • the active part has a core with two core legs, each of which is enclosed by two concentrically arranged windings. On the side facing each other, the windings form what is known as a gusset.
  • the active part is fastened in the boiler 1 in a horizontal position. In other words, the windings extend in their longitudinal direction parallel to the tub bottom, so that an elevation 9 provided in the tub bottom runs essentially in the direction of said gusset, which is delimited by the two outer windings.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the electrical device 21 according to the invention, but only the outer boiler 10 can be seen.
  • the boiler 10 is composed of a boiler pan 11 and a boiler cover 12.
  • both the boiler pan 11 and the boiler cover 12 each form a flange 13 between them a sealant can be jammed, so that a fluid-tight oil space is provided within the boiler 10.
  • the boiler 10 is configured to be round in sections, with two hollow-cylindrical central sections 14 and 15 being configured.
  • a winding unit extends in each of these hollow, cylindrical middle sections 14, 15.
  • a winding unit comprises two concentrically arranged windings, an outer high-voltage winding and an inner low-voltage winding. Both windings enclose one leg of the core.
  • the high-voltage windings are at a distance of 30 mm from the inner wall of the central section 14 or 15. In this way, a design of the boiler 10 that is completely complementary in shape to the outer contour of the windings is provided.
  • the tank has box-shaped sections 16 and 17 at one end of each of the middle sections 14 and 15, which are adapted to the outer contour of the active part, with which the active part projects outwardly beyond the outer contour of the windings.
  • the upper and lower yokes including the press frame of the active part are arranged within the box-shaped sections 16 and 17, the box-shaped sections 16 and 17 nestling against the outer contour of the active part in this area while maintaining the necessary minimum distance.
  • the boiler pan 11 is equipped with fastening bolts 18 with which the boiler 10 and thus the entire electrical device 21 can be easily fastened to a rail vehicle.
  • a lead-through connection field 19 can also be seen, in which sockets 20 arranged next to one another are provided. Cable plugs can be inserted into the sockets 20 so that a simple and quick flexible connection of the electrical device 21 according to the invention is made possible.
  • the electrical device 21 Due to the complementary shape of the boiler 10, the electrical device 21 is more compact and requires less ester than a previously known electrical device with a cuboid boiler, which is shown in Figure 1 is shown. According to the invention, an inexpensive, lightweight, quickly assembled electrical device is therefore provided within the scope of the invention.
  • FIG Figure 3 shows the active part 22 of the electrical device 21 according to FIG Figure 2 comprising a core 23.
  • the core 23 has two outer legs 24, each of which is enclosed by two concentric windings.
  • the legs 24 are connected to one another by an upper yoke 29 and a lower yoke (not shown in the figures) so that a closed iron circle is created.
  • the core 23 is again composed of sheet metal 27 lying flat against one another and made of a magnetizable material, here iron, the sheets 27 being braced to one another by a lower and an upper press frame 28, not shown in the figures.
  • the upper press frame 28 like the lower press frame, consists of two pressed parts 28a and 28b which are arranged on both sides of the upper yoke 29 and which are mechanically connected to one another via yoke bolts 30.
  • the non-magnetic yoke bolts 30 extend through the upper yoke 29, with nuts 33 being provided on both end sides to generate the clamping force. Deviating from this, the yoke bolts 30 can serve to fasten the core 23 to the boiler pan 11.
  • each outer leg 24 with the upper yoke 29 forms a beveled core corner 31 which, due to the lack of "half-corners", each provide additional installation space.
  • the outer contour of the upper yoke 29 forms an inner angle of approximately 135 degrees with the outer contour of a bevel 32.
  • the same applies to the angle in the cross-sectional view is spanned by the outer contour of the bevel 32 and the outer contour of the outer leg 24, the inner angle being spoken here in each case.
  • each pressing part 28a, 28b has a clamping beam 41a and 41b, which each rest on one side of the upper 29 or lower yoke.
  • each clamping bar 41a or 41b A horizontal section 42a and 42b extending at right angles to this is provided on each clamping bar 41a or 41b, with which the upper clamping frame 28 and the lower clamping frame, not shown in the figure, protrude beyond the end face of the winding units 25 and 26.
  • the winding units 25 and 26 respectively comprise two concentrically arranged windings which each enclose a limb 24 or limb 24 of the core 23.
  • a winding superstructure 43 and a clamping unit 44 which is supported on the one hand on the horizontal sections 42a, 42b and on the other hand on the winding superstructure 43, can be seen between the end face of the winding unit 25 or 26.
  • through-bores 45 can be seen as recesses through which plungers of a hydraulic power unit can be inserted in order to introduce a winding clamping force into the windings of the winding units 25 and 26, respectively.
  • the clamping unit 44 has two clamping wedges that rest against one another with their inclined wedge sides, which when they are shifted against one another Enlarge or reduce the clamping unit 44.
  • the clamping wedges are shifted in such a way that the space between the horizon sections 42a and 42b and the winding superstructure 43 is completely filled by the clamping unit 44.
  • the clamping unit 44 also has locking means, not shown in the figures, in order to fix the clamping wedges in the desired clamping position.
  • the hydraulic power unit can then be removed, with the clamping unit 44 holding the windings of the winding units 24 and 26 in the clamped position.
  • Figure 4 shows the head area of the active part 22 according to FIG Figure 3 in a top view.
  • the beveled core corners 31 can also be seen here.
  • the outer contour of the core 22 without beveled core corners 31 is illustrated with the aid of the dashed lines 34.
  • the dashed line 34 therefore illustrates the installation space gained by the beveling of the corners, that is to say the missing neck basins.
  • a distribution unit designed as a distribution strip 35 is arranged in each case in this area.
  • Each distribution strip 35 extends in a longitudinal direction, each distribution strip 35 having cable connections 20 arranged next to one another.
  • the cable connections 36 are designed here as cable lugs which are electrically connected to the distributor ends 11 of the connection conductors 38, which are designed here as insulated round conductors.
  • connection conductors 38 again have a winding end (not shown in the figures), with which they are electrically connected to a tap of an associated winding.
  • the cable connections 36 are each connected to a busbar 39, which in turn is connected to a cable socket 40 as a feed-through system on their side facing away from the respective cable connection 36.
  • each cable socket 40 is arranged in the boiler wall and is therefore accessible from the outside so that the respective winding tap can be connected to an external component by inserting a cable plug into the cable socket 40.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektrisches Gerät zum Anschluss an eine Hochspannung mit einem Aktivteil, das einen magnetisierbaren Kern und wenigstens eine Wicklung aufweist, die zum Erzeugen eines magnetischen Flusses im Kern eingerichtet ist, und einem mit einem Isolierfluid befüllbaren Kessel, in dem das Aktivteil angeordnet ist, wobei der Kessel eine Innenwandung ausbildet, die formkomplementär zur Außenkontur der Wicklung oder der Wicklungen ausgebildet ist.The invention relates to an electrical device for connection to a high voltage with an active part which has a magnetizable core and at least one winding which is set up to generate a magnetic flux in the core, and a tank which can be filled with an insulating fluid and in which the active part is arranged , wherein the boiler forms an inner wall which is designed to complement the outer contour of the winding or the windings.

Ein solches elektrisches Gerät ist beispielsweise aus der JP H02 244703 A bekannt. Das dort beschriebene elektrische Gerät verfügt über einen magnetisierbaren Kern, der einen geschlossenen Magnetkreis ausbildet. Ein Schenkel des Kerns in von einer Wicklung umschlossen, so dass die Wicklung einen magnetischen Fluss im Kern erzeugen kann. Kern und Wicklungen sind in einem Tank angeordnet, der formkomplementär zur außenliegenden Wicklung ausgebildet ist. Der Tank weist also außen rundliche Gestalt auf.Such an electrical device is for example from JP H02 244703 A known. The electrical device described there has a magnetizable core that forms a closed magnetic circuit. One leg of the core is enclosed by a winding so that the winding can generate a magnetic flux in the core. The core and windings are arranged in a tank that is designed to complement the shape of the external winding. The tank therefore has a round shape on the outside.

Die JP S 61 135104 A , CN 202 720 994 U , JP H 09 35957 A zeigen ebenfalls eine solches elektrisches Gerät.The JP S 61 135104 A , CN 202 720 994 U , JP H 09 35957 A also show such an electrical device.

Die WO 2016/038222 A1 offenbart einen Bahntransformator mit einem an die Kontur der Wicklungen angepassten Tank, wobei der Kern teilweise außerhalb des Tanks angeordnet ist. Weiterer Stand der Technik ist aus der EP 3 048 623 A1 , CN 204 010 978 U , JP S 61 174704 A , CN 204 204 561 U , CN 104 465 038 A , CN 204 834 288 U , US 2014/075744 A1 , CN 204 651 148 U , GB 1 454 501 A , US 3 366 907 A , CN 204 155 755 U , GB997483 , CH487485 , US2013/0147594 A1 und der US 8,558,651 B2 bekannt.The WO 2016/038222 A1 discloses a railway transformer with a tank adapted to the contour of the windings, the core being partially arranged outside the tank. Further prior art is from EP 3 048 623 A1 , CN 204 010 978 U , JP S 61 174704 A , CN 204 204 561 U , CN 104 465 038 A , CN 204 834 288 U , US 2014/075744 A1 , CN 204 651 148 U , GB 1 454 501 A , U.S. 3,366,907 A , CN 204 155 755 U , GB997483 , CH487485 , US2013 / 0147594 A1 and the US 8,558,651 B2 known.

Im Markt werden Bahntransformatoren angeboten, die zur Montage an einem Schienenfahrzeug, wie beispielsweise an einer Lokomotive oder einem Triebwagen, vorgesehen sind. Bahntransformatoren dienen zur Bereitstellung einer gewünschten Traktionsspannung für den Antrieb der Lokomotive oder des Triebwagens in Abhängigkeit verschiedener Eingangsspannungen. Der vorbekannte Bahntransformator weist einen auf Erdpotenzial liegenden Kessel auf, der mit einem Isolierfluid, beispielsweise einer Esterflüssigkeit, befüllt ist. In dem Kessel ist das so genannte Aktivteil des Transformators angeordnet, das einen aus magnetisierbaren Blechen bestehenden Kern sowie wenigstens zwei einen Abschnitt des Kerns konzentrisch umschließende Wicklungen umfasst. Zum Anschluss des Transformators an eine Hochspannung ist der Kessel mit Durchführungen ausgerüstet.Railway transformers are available on the market that are intended for installation on a rail vehicle, such as a locomotive or a railcar. Railway transformers are used to provide a desired traction voltage for the drive of the locomotive or the railcar depending on different input voltages. The previously known railway transformer has a tank which is at ground potential and which is filled with an insulating fluid, for example an ester fluid. The so-called active part of the transformer is arranged in the tank and comprises a core consisting of magnetizable sheet metal and at least two windings concentrically surrounding a section of the core. The boiler is equipped with bushings to connect the transformer to a high voltage.

Dem vorbekannten elektrischen Gerät haftet der Nachteil, dass der Kessel raumgreifend ausgestaltet ist und das elektrische Gerät ein hohes Eigengewicht aufweist. Insbesondere bei Bahnanwendungen ist jedoch ein kompakter, leichter Aufbau wünschenswert.The previously known electrical device has the disadvantage that the boiler is designed to occupy space and the electrical device has a high dead weight. However, a compact, lightweight structure is desirable, particularly in railway applications.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, ein elektrisches Gerät der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, das kompakt ausgestaltet ist und ein geringes Eigengewicht aufweist.The object of the invention is therefore to provide an electrical device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is designed to be compact and has a low dead weight.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe dadurch, dass das elektrische Gerät Anschlussleitungen und eine Verteileinrichtung umfasst, wobei die Anschlussleitungen jeweils an ihrem Wicklungsende mit einer Wicklung und an ihrem Verteilerende mit der Verteileinrichtung verbunden sind, wobei der Kern zumindest eine abgeschrägte Kernecke ausbildet und die Verteileinrichtung im Bereich der abgeschrägten Kernecke angeordnet ist.The invention solves this problem in that the electrical device comprises connection lines and a distribution device, the connection lines being connected to a winding at their winding end and to the distribution device at their distribution end, the core forming at least one beveled core corner and the distribution device in the area the beveled core corner is arranged.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist der Kessel nicht, wie beim Stand der Technik, kastenförmig ausgebildet. Vielmehr ist die Kesselform an die Außenkontur zumindest einer der Wicklungen angepasst. Vorteilhafterweise ist der Kessel formkomplementär zu jeder Wicklung ausgebildet, die die Außenkontur der Wicklungen definiert. Dabei hält der Kessel einen Abstand zu den Wicklungen ein, der ausreichend ist, um die gewünschte Spannungsfestigkeit des elektrischen Geräts sicherzustellen. Aufgrund der über den gesamten Umfang des Kessels hinweg formkomplementären Ausgestaltung des Kessels zumindest im Bereich der Wicklungen weist dieser ein geringeres Innenvolumen auf, so dass der Kessel mit weniger Isolierfluid befüllt werden muss. Aufgrund des geringeren Isolierfluidvolumens ist das elektrische Gerät leichter und kompakter als ein elektrisches Gerät gemäß dem Stand der Technik mit einem kastenförmigen Kessel. Im Hinblick auf die geringere Menge an Isolierfluid ergeben sich auch Kostenvorteile. Die formkomplementäre Ausgestaltung des Kessels ist im Rahmen der Erfindung vollumfänglich und nicht auf Anpassungen im Boden oder Deckelbereich des Kessels beschränkt.In the context of the invention, the boiler is not, as in the prior art, box-shaped. Rather, the cup shape is adapted to the outer contour of at least one of the windings. The shape of the boiler is advantageously complementary formed for each winding that defines the outer contour of the windings. The boiler maintains a distance from the windings that is sufficient to ensure the desired dielectric strength of the electrical device. Due to the shape of the boiler, which is complementary in shape over the entire circumference of the boiler, at least in the area of the windings, it has a smaller internal volume, so that the boiler has to be filled with less insulating fluid. Because of the smaller volume of the insulating fluid, the electrical device is lighter and more compact than a prior art electrical device with a box-shaped vessel. With regard to the smaller amount of insulating fluid, there are also cost advantages. The shape-complementary design of the boiler is fully within the scope of the invention and not limited to adjustments in the bottom or cover area of the boiler.

Erfindungsgemäß sind Anschlussleitungen vorgesehen, die jeweils an ihrem Wicklungsende mit einer Wicklung und an ihrem Verteilerende mit einer Verteileinrichtung verbunden sind, wobei der Kern zumindest eine abgeschrägte Kernecke ausbildet und die Verteileinrichtung im Bereich der abgeschrägten Kernecke angeordnet ist. Das Aktivteil des so ausgeführten erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Geräts verfügt über einen Kern mit abgeschrägten Kernecken. Die abgeschrägten Kernecken stellen im Vergleich zu einem vorbekannten Aktivteil einen zusätzlichen Bauraum für eine Verteileinrichtung bereit. Die Verteileinrichtung ist wiederum mit den Anschlussleitungen verbunden, die sich gemäß dem Stand der Technik oberhalb der Wicklungen erstrecken. Aufgrund der formkomplementären Anpassung des Kessels an zumindest Abschnitte des Aktivteils kann die ansonsten über den Wicklungen angeordnete Verteileinrichtung im Bereich der abgeschrägten Kernecke angeordnet werden, so dass das Aktivteil kompakter ausgestaltet ist und eine formkomplementäre Ausgestaltung des Kessels unterstützt wird. Die Anschlussleitungen sind bevorzugt isolierte Rundleiter.According to the invention, connection lines are provided which are each connected at their winding end to a winding and at their distributor end to a distribution device, the core forming at least one beveled core corner and the distribution device being arranged in the area of the beveled core corner. The active part of the electrical device according to the invention embodied in this way has a core with beveled core corners. Compared to a previously known active part, the beveled core corners provide additional installation space for a distribution device. The distribution device is in turn connected to the connection lines which, according to the prior art, extend above the windings. Due to the shape-complementary adaptation of the boiler to at least sections of the active part, the distribution device otherwise arranged over the windings can be arranged in the area of the beveled core corner, so that the active part is more compact and a shape-complementary configuration of the boiler is supported. The connection lines are preferably insulated round conductors.

Bei einer Variante weist das Aktivteil mehrere Wicklungen, beispielsweise vier Wicklungen auf, wobei jeweils zwei Wicklungen konzentrisch zueinander angeordnet sind und einen gemeinsamen Schenkel des Kerns umschließen. Hierbei handelt es sich beispielsweise um eine innere Unterspannungswicklung und um eine die Unterspannungswicklung umschließende Oberspannungswicklung. Der Kern weist zweckmäßigerweise einen weiteren Schenkel auf, der ebenfalls von einer Unter- beziehungsweise Oberspannungswicklung umschlossen ist. Die beiden Unterspannungs- und Oberspannungswicklungen sind dabei beispielsweise in Reihe geschaltet. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Geräts definieren lediglich die Oberspannungswicklungen die Außenkontur des Aktivteils. Der Kessel ist in diesem Fall formkomplementär zur Außenkontur der beiden Oberspannungswicklungen ausgestaltet, die beispielsweise nebeneinander angeordnet sind, wobei sich die Schenkel der beiden Oberspannungswicklungen parallel zueinander erstrecken. Die Innenwandung des Kessels folgt mit anderen Worten der Außenkontur der äußeren Wicklungen vollumfänglich.In a variant, the active part has several windings, for example four windings, two windings each being arranged concentrically to one another and enclosing a common leg of the core. This is, for example, an inner low-voltage winding and a high-voltage winding surrounding the low-voltage winding. The core expediently has a further leg, which is also enclosed by a low-voltage or high-voltage winding. The two low-voltage and high-voltage windings are connected in series, for example. In this embodiment of the electrical device according to the invention, only the high-voltage windings define the outer contour of the active part. In this case, the tank is designed to complement the outer contour of the two high-voltage windings, which are arranged, for example, next to one another, the legs of the two high-voltage windings extending parallel to one another. In other words, the inner wall of the boiler follows the outer contour of the outer windings completely.

Selbstverständlich können auch drei oder mehr Schenkel im Rahmen der Erfindung vorgesehen sein, wobei jeder Schenkel mit einer Unter- und Oberspannungswicklung ausgerüstet ist.Of course, three or more legs can also be provided within the scope of the invention, each leg being equipped with a low-voltage and high-voltage winding.

Vorteilhafterweise bildet der Kessel eine Innenwandung aus, deren Dimensionierung an Aktivteilabschnitte angepasst ist, mit denen das Aktivteil die Außenkontur der Wicklung oder der Wicklungen überragt. Gemäß dieser Weiterentwicklung der Erfindung schmiegt sich der Kessel zumindest in seiner inneren Ausgestaltung nicht nur an die Außenkontur der äußeren Wicklungen an. Vielmehr ist der Kessel auch formkomplementär zu weiteren Abschnitten des Aktivteils ausgestaltet, die ebenfalls die Außenkontur des Aktivteils festlegen. So verfügt der Kern in der Regel über ein unteres und oberes Joch, die sich oberhalb beziehungsweise unterhalb der Stirnseiten der jeweiligen Wicklungen erstrecken. An dem oberen und unteren Joch ist in der Regel ein Pressrahmen vorgesehen, mit dem flächig aneinander anliegende magnetisierbare Bleche des Kerns gegeneinander gepresst werden. Das obere und untere Joch definieren zusammen mit dem jeweiligen Pressrahmen dann die Außenkontur des Aktivteils, die nicht von den Wicklungen definiert wird. Während die Wicklungen jedoch eine in der Regel zylinderförmige Außenkontur definieren, weicht die restliche Außenkontur des Aktivteils hiervon beträchtlich ab. Die formkomplementäre Anpassung des Kessels an diese etwas komplexere Außenkontur ist daher darauf begrenzt, eine kastenförmige Einhüllende zu bilden. Damit ist gemeint, dass der Kessel in seiner Ausgestaltung nicht jede Schraube oder jeden Bolzen nachbildet, sondern den gesamten Abschnitt mit einer kastenförmigen und teilweise abgerundeten Kontur nachbildet. Diese kastenförmige Kontur begrenzt dann einen Innenraum, der die spannungsfeste Aufnahme der besagten Aktivteilabschnitte ermöglicht, jedoch gleichzeitig das Innenvolumen des Kessels auf ein Minimieren begrenzt.The tank advantageously forms an inner wall, the dimensions of which are adapted to active part sections with which the active part protrudes beyond the outer contour of the winding or the windings. According to this further development of the invention, the boiler, at least in its internal configuration, not only clings to the outer contour of the outer windings. Rather, the bowl is also designed in a shape complementary to other sections of the active part, which also define the outer contour of the active part. The core usually has a lower and an upper yoke which extend above and below the end faces of the respective windings. A press frame is usually provided on the upper and lower yoke with which Magnetizable sheets of the core lying flat against one another are pressed against one another. The upper and lower yokes, together with the respective press frame, then define the outer contour of the active part, which is not defined by the windings. However, while the windings usually define a cylindrical outer contour, the remaining outer contour of the active part deviates considerably from this. The shape-complementary adaptation of the boiler to this somewhat more complex outer contour is therefore limited to forming a box-shaped envelope. This means that the design of the boiler does not imitate every screw or every bolt, but rather imitates the entire section with a box-shaped and partially rounded contour. This box-shaped contour then delimits an interior space which enables the said active part sections to be accommodated in a stress-proof manner, but at the same time limits the interior volume of the boiler to a minimum.

Vorteilhafterweise bildet der Kessel einen hohlzylindrischen Mittenabschnitt aus, der zur Aufnahme wenigstens einer Wicklung vorgesehen ist. Wird die Außenkontur des Aktivteils abschnittsweise von nur einer Wicklung bestimmt, die eine zylindrische Außenkontur aufweist, bildet der Kessel im Rahmen der Erfindung einen hierzu passenden Hohlzylinder aus, der die Wicklung vollumfänglich umschließt.The tank advantageously forms a hollow-cylindrical central section which is provided to accommodate at least one winding. If the outer contour of the active part is determined in sections by only one winding which has a cylindrical outer contour, the boiler forms a matching hollow cylinder within the scope of the invention, which completely surrounds the winding.

Bei einer Weiterentwicklung hierzu bildet der Kessel mehrere hohlzylindrische Mittenabschnitte aus, die jeweils zur Aufnahme wenigstens einer Wicklung vorgesehen ist, wobei die hohlzylindrischen Mittenabschnitte einander überschneiden, so dass ein gemeinsamer Innenraum ausgebildet ist. Diese Variante der Erfindung wird bei einem Aktivteil eingesetzt, das mehrere parallel ausgerichtete und nebeneinander liegende äußere Wicklungen aufweist. Auch hier kann jede äußere Wicklung konzentrisch zu einer inneren Wicklung angeordnet sein. Jede dieser äußeren Wicklungen ist in einem zugeordneten Mittenabschnitt des Kessels angeordnet, wobei jeder einzelne Mittenabschnitt die in ihm gelagerte äußere Wicklung nicht mehr vollumfänglich umschließt, sondern an einer Seite der Wicklung in einen benachbarten Mittenabschnitt übergeht. Die Summe der Mittenabschnitte umschließt alle äußeren Wicklungen vollumfänglich formkomplementär.In a further development of this, the boiler forms a plurality of hollow-cylindrical middle sections, each of which is provided to accommodate at least one winding, the hollow-cylindrical middle sections overlapping one another so that a common interior space is formed. This variant of the invention is used in an active part which has several outer windings aligned in parallel and lying next to one another. Here, too, each outer winding can be arranged concentrically to an inner winding. Each of these outer windings is arranged in an associated central section of the tank, each individual central section no longer having the outer winding stored in it completely encloses, but merges on one side of the winding into an adjacent central section. The sum of the middle sections completely surrounds all outer windings in a complementary manner.

Vorteilhafterweise verfügt der Kessel über eine Kesselwanne und einen isolierfluiddicht mit der Kesselwanne verbundenen Kesseldeckel. Dabei sind Kesselwanne und Kesseldeckel wieder formkomplementär zur Außenkontur der äußeren Wicklung und gegebenenfalls formkomplementär zu Aktivteilabschnitten ausgebildet, die darüber hinaus die Außenkontur des Aktivteils festlegen.The boiler advantageously has a boiler pan and a boiler cover connected to the boiler pan in an insulating fluid-tight manner. The boiler pan and boiler lid are again designed to be complementary in shape to the outer contour of the outer winding and optionally complementary in shape to the active part sections, which also define the outer contour of the active part.

Zweckmäßigerweise verfügt der Kessel über Befestigungsmittel zum Befestigen des elektrischen Geräts an einem schienengeführten Fahrzeug. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das erfindungsgemäße elektrische Gerät als Bahntransformator ausgeführt.The boiler expediently has fastening means for fastening the electrical device to a rail-guided vehicle. In this embodiment of the invention, the electrical device according to the invention is designed as a railway transformer.

Gemäß einer diesbezüglich zweckmäßigen Weiterentwicklung umfassen die Befestigungsmittel zwei sich in Längsrichtung des Aktivteils erstreckende Befestigungsbolzen, die sich an den beiden Außenseiten des Kessels erstrecken. Aufgrund der beiden Befestigungsbolzen kann das erfindungsgemäße elektrische Gerät zuverlässig und leicht am Schienenfahrzeug montiert werden.According to an expedient further development in this regard, the fastening means comprise two fastening bolts which extend in the longitudinal direction of the active part and which extend on the two outer sides of the boiler. Due to the two fastening bolts, the electrical device according to the invention can be reliably and easily mounted on the rail vehicle.

Zweckmäßigerweise erstreckt sich das Aktivteil in der befestigten Stellung des elektrischen Geräts in seiner Längsrichtung horizontal, wobei die Kesselwanne unterhalb des Aktivteils und der Kesseldeckel oberhalb des Aktivteils angeordnet ist. Mit anderen Worten ist das hier als Bahntransformator ausgebildete elektrische Gerät horizontal am Schienenfahrzeug verbaut, wobei die Kesselwanne das Aktivteil trägt. So ist beispielsweise das Aktivteil an der Innenwandung der Kesselwanne befestigt, wobei die Befestigung des elektrischen Geräts ebenfalls über Befestigungsmittel erfolgt, die an der Kesselwanne angebracht sind. Der Kesseldeckel dient lediglich zum fluiddichten Abschirmen und Verschließen der Kesselwanne, so dass ein fluiddichter Innenraum bereitgestellt ist. Als Isolierfluid eignet sich beispielsweise eine Flüssigkeit, dessen wesentlicher Bestandteil ein oder mehrere Ester ist bzw. sind.In the attached position of the electrical device, the active part expediently extends horizontally in its longitudinal direction, with the tank trough being arranged below the active part and the tank cover above the active part. In other words, the electrical device, which is designed here as a railway transformer, is installed horizontally on the rail vehicle, with the boiler pan bearing the active part. For example, the active part is fastened to the inner wall of the boiler pan, with the electrical device also being fastened using fastening means which are attached to the boiler pan. The boiler lid is only used for the fluid-tight shielding and closing of the boiler pan, so that a fluid-tight interior space is provided. For example, a liquid whose essential constituent is or are one or more esters is suitable as the insulating fluid.

Vorteilhafterweise ist der Kessel mit einem Durchführungsanschlussfeld ausgerüstet. Das Durchführungsanschlussfeld dient zum einfachen Anschluss des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Geräts mit externen Komponenten, wie beispielsweise Umrichtern, Schaltern und dergleichen.The boiler is advantageously equipped with a lead-through connection panel. The lead-through connection field is used for simple connection of the electrical device according to the invention to external components, such as converters, switches and the like.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung hält der Kessel einen Mindestabstand zu der Außenkontur der Wicklungen und gegebenenfalls auch zu der Außenkontur von Abschnitten des Aktivteils ein, mit welchen das Aktivteil die Außenkontur der Wicklungen überragt, wobei der Mindestabstand im Bereich von 25-50 mm liegt. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass insbesondere bei Bahnanwendungen mit den hierbei auftretenden Hochspannungen ein Abstand von 25-50mm ausreichend ist, um die notwendige Spannungsfestigkeit im Zusammenhang mit den markterhältlichen Isolierfluiden sicherzustellen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tank maintains a minimum distance from the outer contour of the windings and possibly also from the outer contour of sections of the active part with which the active part protrudes over the outer contour of the windings, the minimum distance being in the range of 25-50 mm. It has been shown that, particularly in the case of railway applications with the high voltages occurring here, a distance of 25-50mm is sufficient to ensure the necessary dielectric strength in connection with the insulating fluids available on the market.

Vorteilhafterweise verläuft jeder Anschlussleiter an einer Außenseite einer Wicklung, die von jeder benachbarten Wicklung abgewandt ist. Die Anschlussleiter verlaufen gemäß dieser vorteilhaften Weiterentwicklung somit nicht länger oberhalb der Wicklungen, so dass das Erfordernis eines zusätzlichen Innenvolumens im Kessel vermieden ist. Die Anschlussleitungen erstrecken sich bei dieser Variante der Erfindung von einer an der Außenseite der Wicklungen angeordneten Wicklungsanzapfung an der besagten Außenseite der Wicklung entlang, die von jeder anderen Wicklung abgewandt ist. An dieser Außenseite ist im Rahmen der Erfindung die abgeschrägte Kernecke ausgebildet, in dessen Umgebung die Verteilereinheit zumindest teilweise angeordnet ist. Ist das Aktivteil beispielsweise mit zwei Wicklungsanordnungen ausgerüstet, weist jede äußere Wicklung der Wicklungsanordnung eine Seite auf, die der anderen parallelen Wicklungsanordnung zugewandt ist. Darüber hinaus bildet die Wicklungsanordnung jedoch auch eine von der anderen Wicklungsanordnung abgewandte Seite aus, die hier als Außenseite der Wicklung oder Wicklungsanordnung bezeichnet wird. Die Anschlussleitungen sind an dieser Außenseite entlang direkt zur Verteileinrichtung geführt, so dass eine aufwändige und raumgreifende Kabelsammlung vermieden ist. Die Anzapfungen der Wicklungen sind ebenfalls an der Außenseite angeordnet. Eine Wicklungsanordnung weist bevorzugt zwei konzentrisch angeordnete Wicklungen auf, beispielsweise eine Ober- und eine Unterspannungswicklung.Advantageously, each connection conductor runs on an outer side of a winding that faces away from each adjacent winding. According to this advantageous further development, the connection conductors therefore no longer run above the windings, so that the need for an additional internal volume in the tank is avoided. In this variant of the invention, the connection lines extend from a winding tap arranged on the outside of the windings along said outside of the winding, which is remote from any other winding. In the context of the invention, the beveled core corner is formed on this outside, in the vicinity of which the distributor unit is at least partially arranged. If the active part is equipped with two winding arrangements, for example, each outer winding of the winding arrangement has one side, which faces the other parallel winding arrangement. In addition, however, the winding arrangement also forms a side facing away from the other winding arrangement, which is referred to here as the outside of the winding or winding arrangement. The connection lines are led along this outside directly to the distribution device, so that complex and extensive cable collection is avoided. The taps of the windings are also arranged on the outside. A winding arrangement preferably has two concentrically arranged windings, for example an upper and a lower voltage winding.

Gemäß einer weiteren Variante der Erfindung verfügt das elektrische Gerät über wenigstens einen Pressrahmen, der zum Verspannen des Kerns mit Hilfe von Jochbolzen vorgesehen ist, wobei der Kern über die Jochbolzen fest am Kessel befestigt ist. Das gemäß dieser Variante bereit gestellte elektrische Gerät, das beispielsweise als Transformator, insbesondere Bahntransformator, oder als Drossel ausgeführt ist, ist durch eine einfache Befestigung zwischen Kern und Kessel gekennzeichnet. Hierzu werden die Jochbolzen des Pressrahmens, die üblicherweise nur zum Verklemmen der Kernbleche dienen, auch zur Befestigung des Kerns am Kessel eingesetzt.According to a further variant of the invention, the electrical device has at least one press frame, which is provided for bracing the core with the aid of yoke bolts, the core being firmly attached to the boiler via the yoke bolts. The electrical device provided according to this variant, which is designed, for example, as a transformer, in particular a railway transformer, or as a choke, is characterized by a simple attachment between the core and the boiler. For this purpose, the yoke bolts of the press frame, which usually only serve to clamp the core sheets, are also used to fasten the core to the boiler.

Die Jochbolzen können im Rahmen der Erfindung grundsätzlich beliebig ausgestaltet sein. Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung sind die Jochbolzen kreiszylindrisch ausgestaltet und an beiden Enden mit einem Außengewinde versehen. Dabei sind im Kern Durchgangsbohrungen vorgesehen, durch welche sich die Jochbolzen erstrecken. Entsprechende Durchführungsöffnungen sind auch in den beiden Pressbalken jedes Pressrahmens vorgesehen, die bevorzugt am oberen beziehungsweise unteren Joch einander gegenüberliegen, wobei das jeweilige Joch zwischen ihnen angeordnet ist. Die Jochbolzen erstrecken sich sowohl durch das jeweilige Joch als auch durch die beiden Pressbalken des Pressrahmens. Durch Aufschrauben von Muttern können die Bleche des Kerns miteinander verklemmt werden. Vorteilhafterweise erstrecken sich die besagten Jochbolzen in ein fest mit dem Kessel verbundenes Befestigungsmittel. Das Befestigungsmittel kann als einfache Gewindeplatte an der Kesselwandung ausgeführt sein. Das freie Ende der Jochbolzen wird in der Gewindeplatte verschraubt. Es ist selbstverständlich auch möglich, dass der Jochbolzen mehrere Muttern oder entsprechende schraubbare Halter oder Komponenten aufweist. So ist es beispielsweise möglich, dass der Pressrahmen auf dem Kessel nicht aufliegt, sondern eine Zwischenmutter vorgesehen ist, die den Pressrahmen und somit den gesamten Kern mit Abstand zum Boden des Kessels hält.The yoke bolts can in principle be designed as desired within the scope of the invention. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the yoke bolts are circular-cylindrical and provided with an external thread at both ends. Through bores are provided in the core through which the yoke bolts extend. Corresponding feed-through openings are also provided in the two press beams of each press frame, which preferably lie opposite one another on the upper or lower yoke, the respective yoke being arranged between them. The yoke bolts extend both through the respective yoke and through the two press beams of the press frame. The sheets of the core can be clamped together by screwing on nuts. Advantageously, said yoke bolts extend into a fastening means firmly connected to the boiler. The fastening means can be designed as a simple threaded plate on the boiler wall. The free end of the yoke bolt is screwed into the threaded plate. It is of course also possible for the yoke bolt to have several nuts or corresponding screwable holders or components. For example, it is possible that the press frame does not rest on the boiler, but rather an intermediate nut is provided that holds the press frame and thus the entire core at a distance from the bottom of the boiler.

Bevorzugt ist jedoch, dass das Befestigungsmittel eine Befestigungshülse ist, die innen am Kesselboden befestigt ist. Die Befestigungshülse ragt vom Kesselboden auf und ist beispielsweise mit einem Innengewinde ausgerüstet, das mit einem Außengewinde eines der Jochbolzen im Eingriff steht.However, it is preferred that the fastening means is a fastening sleeve which is fastened to the inside of the boiler bottom. The fastening sleeve protrudes from the boiler bottom and is equipped, for example, with an internal thread which engages with an external thread of one of the yoke bolts.

Gemäß einer weiteren Variante der Erfindung ist eine Klemmeinheit zum Erzeugen einer Klemmkraft vorgesehen, mit der jede Wicklung am Kern verspannt ist, wobei die Klemmeinheit keine Zugmittel aufweist und die von den Klemmeinheit erzeugte Klemmkraft allein über den Kern übertragen und in jede Wicklung eingeleitet wird. Bei dieser Weiterentwicklung ist ein Aktivteil bereitgestellt, bei dem die Klemmkraft allein über den Kern sowie über die mit dem Kern fest verbundenen Spannrahmen in die Wicklung eingeleitet wird. Zugmittel wie Zugstangen oder Zugpressplatten, mit denen eine verspannte Halterung der Wicklungsenden ermöglicht ist, sind im Rahmen der Erfindung überflüssig geworden. Unter einer Zugpressplatte eine am Kernschenkel entlang verlaufendes flächiges Zugmittel zu verstehen. Da die vorbekannten Zugmittel fehlen, ist das erfindungsgemäße Aktivteil in seiner Konstruktion einfacher geworden. Es benötigt weniger Bauteile als ein Aktivteil gemäß dem Stand der Technik und kann somit kompakter, mit anderen Worten platzsparender, ausgebildet sein, so dass die formkomplementäre Ausgestaltung des Kessels erleichtert wird. Darüber hinaus ist eine leichtere Montierbarkeit gewährleistet.According to a further variant of the invention, a clamping unit is provided for generating a clamping force with which each winding is braced on the core, the clamping unit having no traction means and the clamping force generated by the clamping unit being transmitted solely via the core and introduced into each winding. In this further development, an active part is provided in which the clamping force is introduced into the winding solely via the core and via the tensioning frame firmly connected to the core. Tension means such as tie rods or tension pressure plates, with which a tensioned holding of the winding ends is made possible, have become superfluous within the scope of the invention. A tensile compression plate is to be understood as a flat tensile means running along the core leg. Since the previously known traction means are missing, the construction of the active part according to the invention has become simpler. It requires fewer components than an active part according to the prior art and can thus be designed to be more compact, in other words more space-saving, so that the design of the boiler, which is complementary in shape, is made easier becomes. In addition, easier assembly is guaranteed.

Vorteilhafterweise weist der Kern wenigstens einen Kernschenkel auf, der von wenigstens einer Wicklung umschlossen ist und der sich zwischen einem unteren und einem oberen Joch erstreckt, wobei jede Wicklung zwischen dem oberen und dem unteren Joch mit Hilfe einer Klemmeinheit verspannt gehalten ist. Grundsätzlich kann die Klemmeinheit beliebig ausgeführt sein. So ist es beispielsweise möglich, im Rahmen der Erfindung einen hydraulischen Zylinder als Klemmeinheit zu verwenden. Hydraulische Zylinder weisen jedoch den Nachteil auf, dass diese während der gesamten Betriebszeit des Aktivteils geregelt werden müssen, um bei den wechselnden Temperaturen eines Isolierfluids, in dem das Aktivteil beim Betrieb angeordnet ist, keinen mit der Temperatur des Isolierfluids schwankenden Wicklungsdruck in die Wicklungen einzuleiten.The core advantageously has at least one core leg which is enclosed by at least one winding and which extends between a lower and an upper yoke, each winding being held braced between the upper and the lower yoke with the aid of a clamping unit. In principle, the clamping unit can be designed as desired. For example, it is possible within the scope of the invention to use a hydraulic cylinder as a clamping unit. However, hydraulic cylinders have the disadvantage that they have to be regulated during the entire operating time of the active part in order not to introduce a winding pressure into the windings that fluctuates with the temperature of the insulating fluid when the temperature of an insulating fluid in which the active part is arranged changes.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Klemmeinheit daher ein einfacher, einstückiger Klemmklotz. Der Klemmklotz ist so dimensioniert, dass er den bei dem Verspannen der Wicklung entstehenden zusätzlichen Bauraum, der z.B. von einem auf den Wicklungen aufliegenden Pressring und dem oberen Joch definiert wird, ausfüllt. Die Wicklung kann daher vorgespannt und anschließend der Klemmklotz zwischen Kern und Pressring positioniert werden. Nach dem Entfernen der Mittel zum Vorspannen der Wicklung, verhindert der Klemmklotz ein weiteres Entspannen der Wicklungen und sorgt dafür, dass die Wicklungen verspannt bleiben. Der Klemmklotz ist beispielsweise ein einfacher massiver Festkörper, der aus einem elektrisch nicht leitfähigen und nicht magnetisierbaren Material, beispielsweise einem diamagnetischen Material, einem Isolierstoff aus Kunststoff, Holz oder dergleichen, besteht.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the clamping unit is therefore a simple, one-piece clamping block. The clamping block is dimensioned in such a way that it takes up the additional space that arises when the winding is tensioned, e.g. is defined by a press ring resting on the windings and the upper yoke. The winding can therefore be pre-tensioned and then the clamping block can be positioned between the core and the press ring. After removing the means for pre-tensioning the winding, the clamping block prevents the windings from relaxing any further and ensures that the windings remain tensioned. The clamping block is, for example, a simple solid solid which consists of an electrically non-conductive and non-magnetizable material, for example a diamagnetic material, an insulating material made of plastic, wood or the like.

Unter magnetisierbaren Materialien sind hier ferromagnetische Materialien zu verstehen.Magnetizable materials are to be understood here as meaning ferromagnetic materials.

Abweichend hiervon umfasst die Klemmeinheit aneinander anliegende und gegeneinander verschiebbare Klemmkeile, die mit Arretierungsmitteln ausgerüstet sind, die ein gegenseitiges Festsetzen der Klemmkeile in einer gewünschten Klemmstellung ermöglichen. Bei dieser im Rahmen der Erfindung bevorzugten Variante kann die Dimensionierung der Klemmeinheit an den beim Verspannen der Wicklungen entstehenden Raum, der jeweils zwischen dem Kern beziehungsweise dem Spannrahmen und der dem auf der Wicklung aufliegenden Wicklungsring entsteht, angepasst werden. So wird beispielsweise zunächst über ein hydraulisches System die Klemmkraft in die Wicklung eingeleitet und anschließend die Klemmeinheit in den zwischen den vom Wicklungsring und dem Spannrahmen beziehungsweise dem oberen oder unteren Joch begrenzten Zwischenraum eingefügt. Hierbei werden die Klemmkeile zunächst so gegeneinander verschoben, dass die Klemmeinheit mit ausreichend Spiel und somit bequem in den besagten Zwischenraum eingeführt werden kann. Anschließend werden die Keile so gegeneinander verschoben, dass sich die Klemmeinheit vergrößert und schließlich den gesamten Zwischenraum ausfüllt. In dieser Stellung der Klemmkeile, also in dieser Klemmstellung, werden die Klemmkeile mit Hilfe der Arretierungsmittel festgesetzt. Anschließend können die Hydraulikmittel entfernt werden, wobei die arretierten Klemmkeile die Wicklungen am Kern beziehungsweise Spannrahmen festklemmen und in der festgeklemmten Position halten.Deviating from this, the clamping unit comprises clamping wedges which lie against one another and can be displaced against one another and which are equipped with locking means which enable the clamping wedges to be fixed in relation to one another in a desired clamping position. In this variant preferred within the scope of the invention, the dimensions of the clamping unit can be adapted to the space created when the windings are clamped, which is created between the core or the clamping frame and the winding ring resting on the winding. For example, the clamping force is first introduced into the winding via a hydraulic system and then the clamping unit is inserted into the space delimited between the winding ring and the clamping frame or the upper or lower yoke. In this case, the clamping wedges are first shifted against one another in such a way that the clamping unit can be inserted into the said gap with sufficient play and thus comfortably. Then the wedges are shifted against each other in such a way that the clamping unit enlarges and finally fills the entire space. In this position of the clamping wedges, that is to say in this clamping position, the clamping wedges are fixed with the aid of the locking means. The hydraulic means can then be removed, with the locked clamping wedges clamping the windings on the core or clamping frame and holding them in the clamped position.

Weitere zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen und Vorteile der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung unter Bezug auf die Figuren der Zeichnung, wobei gleiche Bezugszeichen auf gleich wirkende Bauteile verweisen und wobei

Figur 1
einen vorbekannten Kessel für ein elektrisches Gerät gemäß dem Stand der Technik und
Figur 2
ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Geräts,
Figur 3
eine perspektivische Teilansicht des Aktivteils eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Geräts und
Figur 4
das Aktivteil gemäß Figur 2 mit Verteilleiste, Anschlussleitungen und Durchführungssystem schematisch verdeutlichen.
Further useful refinements and advantages of the invention are the subject matter of the following description of exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the figures of the drawing, the same reference symbols referring to components that have the same effect and where
Figure 1
a known boiler for an electrical device according to the prior art and
Figure 2
an embodiment of the electrical device according to the invention,
Figure 3
a perspective partial view of the active part of a further embodiment of the electrical device according to the invention and
Figure 4
the active part according to Figure 2 with the distribution strip, connection lines and lead-through system.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Kesselwanne 1 eines vorbekannten Kessels, der quaderförmig ausgestaltet ist, wobei seine beiden unteren Längskanten 2 und 3 abgeschrägt sind. Zur Befestigung der Kesselwanne 1 sind Befestigungsarme 4 vorgesehen, die jeweils mit Befestigungsmitteln 5 ausgerüstet sind. Ferner ist ein Ölablass 6 an der Kesselwanne 1 erkennbar. Im oberen Bereich weist die Kesselwanne 1 einen Befestigungsflansch 7 auf, der zur fluiddichten Befestigung eines figürlich nicht dargestellten Kesseldeckels dient. Figure 1 shows a boiler pan 1 of a previously known boiler, which is designed cuboid, its two lower longitudinal edges 2 and 3 are beveled. To fasten the boiler pan 1, fastening arms 4 are provided which are each equipped with fastening means 5. An oil drain 6 can also be seen on the boiler pan 1. In the upper area, the boiler pan 1 has a fastening flange 7 which is used for the fluid-tight fastening of a boiler cover (not shown in the figure).

Die in Figur 1 gezeigte Kesselwanne 1 ist zur Aufnahme eines Aktivteils eines Bahntransformators eingerichtet, wobei das Aktivteil an der Innenseite des Wannenbodens 8 befestigt wird. Das Aktivteil weist einen Kern mit zwei Kernschenkeln auf, die jeweils von zwei konzentrisch zueinander angeordneten Wicklungen umschlossen sind. An ihrer einander zugewandten Seite bilden die Wicklungen einen so genannten Zwickel aus. Die Befestigung des Aktivteils im Kessel 1 erfolgt in horizontaler Lage. Mit anderen Worten erstrecken sich die Wicklungen in ihrer Längsrichtung parallel zum Wannenboden, so dass eine im Wannenboden vorgesehene Erhebung 9 im Wesentlichen in Richtung des besagten Zwickels, verläuft der von der beiden äußeren Wicklungen begrenzt wird.In the Figure 1 The boiler trough 1 shown is designed to accommodate an active part of a railway transformer, the active part being attached to the inside of the trough bottom 8. The active part has a core with two core legs, each of which is enclosed by two concentrically arranged windings. On the side facing each other, the windings form what is known as a gusset. The active part is fastened in the boiler 1 in a horizontal position. In other words, the windings extend in their longitudinal direction parallel to the tub bottom, so that an elevation 9 provided in the tub bottom runs essentially in the direction of said gusset, which is delimited by the two outer windings.

Figur 2 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Geräts 21, wobei jedoch lediglich der äußere Kessel 10 erkennbar ist. Auch hier ist der Kessel 10 aus einer Kesselwanne 11 sowie aus einem Kesseldeckel 12 zusammengesetzt. Dazu bilden sowohl die Kesselwanne 11 als auch der Kesseldeckel 12 jeweils einen Flansch 13 aus, zwischen denen ein Dichtmittel verklemmt werden kann, so dass innerhalb des Kessels 10 ein fluiddichter Ölraum bereitgestellt ist. Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the electrical device 21 according to the invention, but only the outer boiler 10 can be seen. Here, too, the boiler 10 is composed of a boiler pan 11 and a boiler cover 12. For this purpose, both the boiler pan 11 and the boiler cover 12 each form a flange 13 between them a sealant can be jammed, so that a fluid-tight oil space is provided within the boiler 10.

Es ist erkennbar, dass der Kessel 10 abschnittsweise rundlich ausgebildet ist, wobei zwei hohlzylinderförmige Mittenabschnitte 14 und 15 ausgebildet sind. In diesen hohlen zylinderförmigen Mittenabschnitten 14, 15 erstreckt sich jeweils eine Wicklungseinheit. Eine Wicklungseinheit umfasst jeweils zwei konzentrisch zueinander angeordnete Wicklungen, eine äußere Oberspannungswicklung und eine innere Unterspannungswicklung. Beide Wicklungen umschließen einen Schenkel des Kerns. Die Oberspannungswicklungen weisen einen Abstand von 30mm zur Innenwandung des Mittenabschnitts 14 beziehungsweise 15 auf. Auf diese Weise ist eine zur Außenkontur der Wicklungen vollumfänglich formkomplementäre Ausgestaltung des Kessels 10 bereitgestellt.It can be seen that the boiler 10 is configured to be round in sections, with two hollow-cylindrical central sections 14 and 15 being configured. A winding unit extends in each of these hollow, cylindrical middle sections 14, 15. A winding unit comprises two concentrically arranged windings, an outer high-voltage winding and an inner low-voltage winding. Both windings enclose one leg of the core. The high-voltage windings are at a distance of 30 mm from the inner wall of the central section 14 or 15. In this way, a design of the boiler 10 that is completely complementary in shape to the outer contour of the windings is provided.

Darüber hinaus weist der Kessel an jeweils einem Stirnende der Mittenabschnitte 14 und 15 kastenförmige Abschnitte 16 und 17 auf, die an die Außenkontur des Aktivteils angepasst sind, mit denen das Aktivteil die Außenkontur der Wicklungen nach außen überragt. So sind innerhalb der kastenförmigen Abschnitte 16 und 17 das obere beziehungsweise das untere Joch einschließlich der Pressrahmen des Aktivteils angeordnet, wobei sich die kastenförmigen Abschnitte 16 und 17 unter Einhaltung des notwendigen Mindestabstands an die Außenkontur des Aktivteils in diesen Bereich anschmiegen.In addition, the tank has box-shaped sections 16 and 17 at one end of each of the middle sections 14 and 15, which are adapted to the outer contour of the active part, with which the active part projects outwardly beyond the outer contour of the windings. The upper and lower yokes including the press frame of the active part are arranged within the box-shaped sections 16 and 17, the box-shaped sections 16 and 17 nestling against the outer contour of the active part in this area while maintaining the necessary minimum distance.

Die Kesselwanne 11 ist mit Befestigungsbolzen 18 ausgerüstet, mit denen eine einfache Befestigung des Kessels 10 und somit des gesamten elektrischen Geräts 21 an einem Schienenfahrzeug ermöglicht ist. Im vorderen Bereich des Kessels 10 ist ferner ein Durchführungsanschlussfeld 19 erkennbar, in dem nebeneinander angeordnete Steckbuchsen 20 vorgesehen sind. In die Steckbuchsen 20 können Kabelstecker eingeführt werden, so dass ein einfacher und schneller flexibler Anschluss des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Geräts 21 ermöglicht ist. Aufgrund der formkomplementären Ausgestaltung des Kessels 10 ist das elektrische Gerät 21 kompakter und benötigt weniger Ester als ein vorbekanntes elektrisches Gerät mit einem quaderförmigen Kessel, der in Figur 1 dargestellt ist. Erfindungsgemäß ist daher ein kostengünstiges, leichtes, schnell montierbares elektrisches Gerät im Rahmen der Erfindung bereitgestellt.The boiler pan 11 is equipped with fastening bolts 18 with which the boiler 10 and thus the entire electrical device 21 can be easily fastened to a rail vehicle. In the front area of the boiler 10, a lead-through connection field 19 can also be seen, in which sockets 20 arranged next to one another are provided. Cable plugs can be inserted into the sockets 20 so that a simple and quick flexible connection of the electrical device 21 according to the invention is made possible. Due to the complementary shape of the boiler 10, the electrical device 21 is more compact and requires less ester than a previously known electrical device with a cuboid boiler, which is shown in Figure 1 is shown. According to the invention, an inexpensive, lightweight, quickly assembled electrical device is therefore provided within the scope of the invention.

Figur 3 zeigt das Aktivteil 22 des elektrischen Geräts 21 gemäß Figur 2, das einen Kern 23 umfasst. Der Kern 23 verfügt über zwei äußere Schenkel 24, die jeweils von zwei konzentrisch zueinander angeordneten Wicklungen umschlossen sind. Die Schenkel 24 sind durch ein oberes Joch 29 und ein figürlich nicht dargestelltes unteres Joch miteinander verbunden, so dass ein geschlossener Eisenkreis geschaffen ist. Von den Wicklungen ist jeweils nur die äußere Wicklung, die Oberspannungswicklung 25, 26 erkennbar. Der Kern 23 ist wieder aus flächig aneinander anliegenden Blechen 27 aus einem magnetisierbaren Material, hier Eisen, zusammengesetzt, wobei die Bleche 27 durch einen figürlich nicht dargestellten unteren und einen oberen Pressrahmen 28 miteinander verspannt sind. Der obere Pressrahmen 28 besteht wie der untere Pressrahmen aus zwei beidseitig des oberen Joches 29 angeordneten Pressteilen 28a und 28b, die über Jochbolzen 30 mechanisch miteinander verbunden sind. Die nicht magnetischen Jochbolzen 30 erstrecken sich dabei durch das obere Joch 29 hindurch, wobei auf beiden Endseiten Muttern 33 zum Erzeugen der Klemmkraft vorgesehen sind. Abweichend hiervon können die Jochbolzen 30 zur Befestigung des Kerns 23 an der Kesselwanne 11 dienen. Figure 3 shows the active part 22 of the electrical device 21 according to FIG Figure 2 comprising a core 23. The core 23 has two outer legs 24, each of which is enclosed by two concentric windings. The legs 24 are connected to one another by an upper yoke 29 and a lower yoke (not shown in the figures) so that a closed iron circle is created. Of the windings, only the outer winding, the high-voltage winding 25, 26 can be seen. The core 23 is again composed of sheet metal 27 lying flat against one another and made of a magnetizable material, here iron, the sheets 27 being braced to one another by a lower and an upper press frame 28, not shown in the figures. The upper press frame 28, like the lower press frame, consists of two pressed parts 28a and 28b which are arranged on both sides of the upper yoke 29 and which are mechanically connected to one another via yoke bolts 30. The non-magnetic yoke bolts 30 extend through the upper yoke 29, with nuts 33 being provided on both end sides to generate the clamping force. Deviating from this, the yoke bolts 30 can serve to fasten the core 23 to the boiler pan 11.

In Figur 3 ist sehr gut erkennbar, dass jeder äußere Schenkel 24 mit dem oberen Joch 29 eine abgeschrägte Kernecke 31 ausbildet, die aufgrund der fehlenden "Halbecke" jeweils einen zusätzlichen Bauraum bereitstellen. In einer Querschnittsansicht, die figürlich nicht dargestellt ist, bildet die Außenkontur des oberen Joches 29 mit der Außenkontur einer Abschrägung 32 einen Innenwinkel von etwa 135 Grad aus. Entsprechendes gilt für den Winkel, der in der Querschnittsansicht von der Außenkontur der Abschrägung 32 und der Außenkontur des äußeren Schenkels 24 aufgespannt wird, wobei hier jeweils von dem Innenwinkel gesprochen wird. Entsprechendes gilt für die abgeschrägte Kernecke 31 auf der in Figur 3 linken Seite.In Figure 3 it can be seen very clearly that each outer leg 24 with the upper yoke 29 forms a beveled core corner 31 which, due to the lack of "half-corners", each provide additional installation space. In a cross-sectional view, which is not shown in the figures, the outer contour of the upper yoke 29 forms an inner angle of approximately 135 degrees with the outer contour of a bevel 32. The same applies to the angle in the cross-sectional view is spanned by the outer contour of the bevel 32 and the outer contour of the outer leg 24, the inner angle being spoken here in each case. The same applies to the beveled core corner 31 on the in Figure 3 left side.

In Figur 3 ist ferner erkennbar, dass jedes Pressteil 28a, 28b einen Spannbalken 41a und 41b aufweist, die jeweils an einer Seite des oberen 29 beziehungsweise unteren Jochs anliegen. Durch Anziehen der Jochbolzen 33 werden die Eisenbleche 27 fest miteinander verspannt.In Figure 3 it can also be seen that each pressing part 28a, 28b has a clamping beam 41a and 41b, which each rest on one side of the upper 29 or lower yoke. By tightening the yoke bolts 33, the iron sheets 27 are firmly clamped together.

An jedem Klemmbalken 41a beziehungsweise 41b ist sich ein rechtwinklig ein zu diesem erstreckender einen Horizontalabschnitt 42a und 42b vorgesehen, mit dem der oberen Spannrahmen 28 als auch der untere figürlich nicht dargestellte Spannrahmen die Stirnseite der Wicklungseinheiten 25 und 26 überragt. Auch in Figur 3 umfassen die Wicklungseinheiten 25 beziehungsweise 26 zwei konzentrisch angeordnete Wicklungen, die jeweils einen Schenkel 24 beziehungsweise Schenkel 24 des Kerns 23 umschließen.A horizontal section 42a and 42b extending at right angles to this is provided on each clamping bar 41a or 41b, with which the upper clamping frame 28 and the lower clamping frame, not shown in the figure, protrude beyond the end face of the winding units 25 and 26. Also in Figure 3 the winding units 25 and 26 respectively comprise two concentrically arranged windings which each enclose a limb 24 or limb 24 of the core 23.

Zwischen der Stirnseite der Wicklungseinheit 25 beziehungsweise 26 ist ein Wicklungsoberbau 43 erkennbar sowie eine Klemmeinheit 44, die einerseits an den Horizontalabschnitten 42a, 42b und andererseits am Wicklungsoberbau 43 abgestützt ist. In den Horizontalabschnitten 42a und 42b sind Durchführungsbohrungen 45 als Aussparungen erkennbar, durch welche Stempel einer hydraulischen Krafteinheit eingeführt werden können, um eine Wicklungsklemmkraft in die Wicklungen der Wicklungseinheiten 25 beziehungsweise 26 einzuleiten. Nach dem die besagten Wicklungen mit Hilfe der hydraulischen Kraftmittel zusammengepresst worden sind, wird die Dimensionierung der Klemmeinheit 44 an den vom Wicklungsoberbau 43 und dem Horizontalabschnitten 42a und 42b begrenzten Zwischenraum angepasst. Dazu verfügt die Klemmeinheit 44 über zwei mit ihren schrägen Keilseiten aneinander anliegende Klemmkeile, die bei einer Verschiebung gegeneinander die Klemmeinheit 44 vergrößern oder verkleinern. Die Klemmkeile werden so verschoben, dass der Raum zwischen den Horizontabschnitten 42a und 42b und dem Wicklungsoberbau 43 vollständig von der Klemmeinheit 44 ausgefüllt ist. Die Klemmeinheit 44 verfügt weiterhin über figürlich nicht dargestellte Arretierungsmittel, um die Klemmkeile in der gewünschten Klemmstellung festzusetzen. Anschließend kann die hydraulische Krafteinheit entfernt werden, wobei die Klemmeinheit 44 die Wicklungen der Wicklungseinheiten 24 beziehungsweise 26 in der festgeklemmten Stellung hält.A winding superstructure 43 and a clamping unit 44, which is supported on the one hand on the horizontal sections 42a, 42b and on the other hand on the winding superstructure 43, can be seen between the end face of the winding unit 25 or 26. In the horizontal sections 42a and 42b, through-bores 45 can be seen as recesses through which plungers of a hydraulic power unit can be inserted in order to introduce a winding clamping force into the windings of the winding units 25 and 26, respectively. After the said windings have been compressed with the aid of the hydraulic power means, the dimensions of the clamping unit 44 are adapted to the space delimited by the winding superstructure 43 and the horizontal sections 42a and 42b. For this purpose, the clamping unit 44 has two clamping wedges that rest against one another with their inclined wedge sides, which when they are shifted against one another Enlarge or reduce the clamping unit 44. The clamping wedges are shifted in such a way that the space between the horizon sections 42a and 42b and the winding superstructure 43 is completely filled by the clamping unit 44. The clamping unit 44 also has locking means, not shown in the figures, in order to fix the clamping wedges in the desired clamping position. The hydraulic power unit can then be removed, with the clamping unit 44 holding the windings of the winding units 24 and 26 in the clamped position.

Figur 4 zeigt den Kopfbereich des Aktivteils 22 gemäß Figur 3 in einer Draufsicht. Auch hier sind die abgeschrägten Kernecken 31 erkennbar. Dabei ist in Figur 4 mit Hilfe der gestrichelten Linien 34 die Außenkontur des Kerns 22 ohne abgeschrägte Kernecken 31 verdeutlicht. Die gestrichelte Linie 34 verdeutlicht daher den durch die Abschrägung der Ecken gewonnenen Bauraum, also die fehlenden Halbecken. In diesem Bereich ist jeweils eine als Verteilerleiste 35 ausgebildete Verteileinheit angeordnet. Dabei erstreckt sich jede Verteilleiste 35 in einer Längsrichtung, wobei jede Verteilleiste 35 nebeneinander angeordnete Kabelanschlüsse 20 aufweist. Die Kabelanschlüsse 36 sind hier als Kabelschuhe ausgeführt, die elektrisch mit den Verteilerenden 11 der Anschlussleitern 38 verbunden sind, die hier als isolierte Rundleiter ausgeführt sind. Die Anschlussleiter 38 weisen darüber hinaus wieder ein figürlich nicht dargestelltes Wicklungsende auf, mit dem sie elektrisch mit einer Anzapfung einer zugeordneten Wicklung verbunden sind. Die Kabelanschlüsse 36 sind jeweils mit einer Sammelschiene 39 verbunden, die wiederum an ihrer von dem jeweiligen Kabelanschluss 36 abgewandten Seite an eine Kabelbuchse 40 als Durchführungssystem angeschlossen sind. Jede Kabelbuchse 40 ist nach dem Einbau des Aktivteils 22 in den Kessel 10 in der Kesselwand angeordnet und somit von außen zugänglich, so dass durch Einfügen eines Kabelsteckers in die Kabelbuchse 40 die jeweilige Wicklungsanzapfung mit einer externen Komponente verbunden werden kann. Figure 4 shows the head area of the active part 22 according to FIG Figure 3 in a top view. The beveled core corners 31 can also be seen here. In Figure 4 the outer contour of the core 22 without beveled core corners 31 is illustrated with the aid of the dashed lines 34. The dashed line 34 therefore illustrates the installation space gained by the beveling of the corners, that is to say the missing neck basins. A distribution unit designed as a distribution strip 35 is arranged in each case in this area. Each distribution strip 35 extends in a longitudinal direction, each distribution strip 35 having cable connections 20 arranged next to one another. The cable connections 36 are designed here as cable lugs which are electrically connected to the distributor ends 11 of the connection conductors 38, which are designed here as insulated round conductors. In addition, the connection conductors 38 again have a winding end (not shown in the figures), with which they are electrically connected to a tap of an associated winding. The cable connections 36 are each connected to a busbar 39, which in turn is connected to a cable socket 40 as a feed-through system on their side facing away from the respective cable connection 36. After the active part 22 has been installed in the boiler 10, each cable socket 40 is arranged in the boiler wall and is therefore accessible from the outside so that the respective winding tap can be connected to an external component by inserting a cable plug into the cable socket 40.

Claims (14)

  1. Electrical device (21) for connection to a high voltage,
    - having an active part (22) which has a magnetizable core (23) and at least one winding (25, 26) which is configured to generate a magnetic flux in the core (23), and
    - having a tank (10) which is able to be filled with an insulating fluid and in which the active part (22) is arranged, wherein the tank (10) forms an inner wall which is formed so as to have a shape complementary to the outer contour of the winding or of the windings (25, 26),
    characterized in that
    the electrical device (21) comprises connection lines (38) and a distribution device (35), wherein the connection lines are each connected at their winding end to a said winding (25, 26) and at their distributor end (37) to the distribution device (35), wherein the core (23) forms at least one chamfered core corner (31) and the distribution device (35) is arranged in the region of the chamfered core corner (31).
  2. Electrical device (21) according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the tank (10) forms an inner wall, the dimensioning of which is adjusted to active part sections, with the result that it surrounds said sections, by way of which the active part (22) projects beyond the outer contour of the winding or of the windings (25, 26).
  3. Electrical device (21) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the tank (10) forms a hollow-cylindrical central section (14, 15) which is provided to receive at least one said winding (25, 26) .
  4. Electrical device (21) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the tank (10) forms a plurality of hollow-cylindrical central sections (14, 15) which are each provided to receive at least one winding (25, 26), wherein the hollow-cylindrical central sections (14, 15) overlap such that a common internal space is formed.
  5. Electrical device (21) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the tank (10) comprises a tank trough (11) and a tank cover (12) which is connected to the tank trough (1) in an insulating-fluid-tight manner.
  6. Electrical device (21) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the tank (10) has securing means (18) for securing the electrical device (21) to a rail-guided vehicle.
  7. Electrical device (21) according to Claim 6,
    characterized in that
    the securing means (18) comprise two securing bolts extending in the longitudinal direction of the active part, said securing bolts extending on the outer sides of the tank (10).
  8. Electrical device (21) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the tank (10) is fitted with a bushing connection field (19).
  9. Electrical device (21) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the inner wall of the tank (10) is arranged at a distance of 25-50 mm from the outer contour of the windings.
  10. Electrical device (21) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the connection conductors (38) run on an outer side of a said winding (25, 26), which faces away from each said adjacent winding (25, 26).
  11. Electrical device (21) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the electrical device (28) comprises at least one press frame (28) which is provided to brace the core (23) with the aid of yoke bolts (30), wherein
    the core (23) is fixedly secured to the tank by means of the yoke bolts (30).
  12. Electrical device (21) according to Claim 11,
    characterized in that
    the electrical device (21) has a clamping unit (44) for generating a clamping force, by way of which each winding (25, 26) is braced on the core (23), wherein the clamping unit (44) does not have any traction mechanism and the clamping force generated by the clamping unit (44) is transmitted and introduced into each winding (25, 26) by means of the core (23) alone.
  13. Electrical device (21) according to Claim 12,
    characterized in that
    the clamping unit (44) is a one-piece clamping block.
  14. Electrical device (21) according to Claim 12,
    characterized in that
    the clamping unit (44) comprises clamping wedges which bear against one another and are provided with arresting means which make it possible to mutually fix the clamping wedges in a desired position.
EP18710397.3A 2017-04-04 2018-03-05 Electrical device with a tank having a shape complementary to the active part Active EP3577664B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL18710397T PL3577664T3 (en) 2017-04-04 2018-03-05 Electrical device with a tank having a shape complementary to the active part

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017205752.1A DE102017205752A1 (en) 2017-04-04 2017-04-04 Electrical device with a shape complementary to the active part designed boiler
PCT/EP2018/055309 WO2018184775A1 (en) 2017-04-04 2018-03-05 Electrical appliance comprising a boiler having a shape complementary to the active part

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3577664A1 EP3577664A1 (en) 2019-12-11
EP3577664B1 true EP3577664B1 (en) 2020-12-16

Family

ID=61622552

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18710397.3A Active EP3577664B1 (en) 2017-04-04 2018-03-05 Electrical device with a tank having a shape complementary to the active part

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3577664B1 (en)
CN (1) CN110462762B (en)
DE (1) DE102017205752A1 (en)
PL (1) PL3577664T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2018184775A1 (en)

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CN115917678A (en) * 2020-06-19 2023-04-04 西门子能源全球有限公司 Electrical device with a container designed to be complementary in shape to an active portion
US20230230759A1 (en) * 2020-06-19 2023-07-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electrical appliance with mechanical decoupling between the active part and boiler
EP4150653A1 (en) 2020-07-23 2023-03-22 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Electric device with forced direct cooling

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3577664A1 (en) 2019-12-11
PL3577664T3 (en) 2021-06-28
CN110462762B (en) 2022-07-01
WO2018184775A1 (en) 2018-10-11
CN110462762A (en) 2019-11-15
DE102017205752A1 (en) 2018-10-04

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