EP3569948A1 - Ventilation device - Google Patents
Ventilation device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3569948A1 EP3569948A1 EP18172847.8A EP18172847A EP3569948A1 EP 3569948 A1 EP3569948 A1 EP 3569948A1 EP 18172847 A EP18172847 A EP 18172847A EP 3569948 A1 EP3569948 A1 EP 3569948A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- sound
- wall
- ventilation device
- room
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/24—Means for preventing or suppressing noise
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F2007/0025—Ventilation using vent ports in a wall
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F2007/005—Cyclic ventilation, e.g. alternating air supply volume or reversing flow direction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
- F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
- F24F2012/008—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air cyclic routing supply and exhaust air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/24—Means for preventing or suppressing noise
- F24F2013/242—Sound-absorbing material
Definitions
- the invention relates to a ventilation device for ventilating a room.
- a ventilation device for ventilating a room.
- a ventilation device comprises a wall sleeve for connecting an inside of a room with an outside. Under the outside is an external environment outside the building in which the space in question, which is to be ventilated, is understood.
- the ventilating device further comprises a sound absorbing member made of a sound absorbing material and an axial fan operable in at least two operating states with opposite air conveying directions for conveying supply air from the outside to the inside of the room and for conveying exhaust air from the inside of the room to the outside is.
- the axial fan is disposed in the wall sleeve, i. in the space enclosed by the wall sleeve.
- the ventilation device also comprises a arranged between the axial fan and the outside in the wall mounting sleeve heat storage.
- Such ventilation devices are used for example in modern housing and house construction for the ventilation of rooms or rooms of single and multi-family homes. These are decentralized ventilation devices that ventilate only individual rooms and therefore can be built quite compact. In contrast, central ventilation device are dimensioned much larger, since they have to ventilate a variety of rooms at the same time, to such central arrangements are made other requirements than decentralized arrangements: Central arrangements must achieve higher air currents and usually have larger fans and longer transport routes. Decentralized ventilation devices that ventilate only individual rooms, however, can be comparatively be built compact. The diameters of ventilation devices that can be used for such purposes are usually in the range between about 100 mm and 300 mm, the ventilation devices are used for example in the context of energy saving measures for efficient ventilation or fresh air supply, including in passive houses.
- the devices for ventilation are placed decentralized in the house, more or less significant noise emissions are perceptible in the rooms, on the one hand noise emissions emitted by the device, i. In particular, the axial fan, even go out, on the other hand, outside noise can penetrate into the room.
- a ventilation device which has a with the interior of the housing, which accommodates heat storage and axial fan, acoustically connected housing element, which consists of a material having sound-absorbing properties.
- the in the EP 0 990 859 A2 described ventilation and ventilation device consists of several parts. It initially has an outer housing, which in turn also consists of several parts. The outermost layer of the housing is enclosed by the building wall. On the inside, the sound-absorbing housing element connects, which in turn is connected to an inner housing. This inner housing has a plurality of openings, which serve the acoustic connection of the air duct, which is enclosed by the inner housing.
- the sound waves arrive according to EP 0 990 859 A2 to the sound-absorbing surface of the sound-absorbing housing element.
- the sound-absorbing housing element can be formed for example by a sound-absorbing bulk material and the inner housing as a lattice structure.
- the drawings of the EP 0 990 859 A2 It can be seen that the openings and the ribs of the grid both in the axial direction and in the tangential direction, ie are approximately the same size on the circumference of the inner housing.
- the central region around the axis of rotation of the axial fan is surrounded in the axial direction by a sleeve, in which on the one hand the drive unit of the axial fan and on the other also electronic components, controls and control elements that are necessary for controlling and regulating the ventilation and venting system , are housed.
- This sleeve may be surrounded by a shell made of a sound-absorbing material, which may also be reinforced with a grid structure or a perforated plate-like part, in contrast to the inner housing, this reinforcement is optional here.
- Essential for efficient sound absorption are metal ribs which simultaneously serve as sound guiding elements and heat storage elements and are arranged tilted between the shell around the central area and the inner housing in the axial direction about this axis to sound waves to the openings in the inner housing or the shell order to head the central area.
- the sound-conducting elements themselves can have a microperforation and further reduce the sound.
- the in the EP 0 990 859 A2 described ventilation system is complex.
- the sound waves In order to be effectively absorbed, the sound waves must contact through the openings of the inner housing with the sound-absorbing housing element, which adjoins the outer side of the inner housing. Since, in principle, the air flow is not directed at these openings but passes axially past them, sound-conducting elements which direct the air in the direction of the openings are necessary for efficient noise reduction. However, this also slows down the air flow or greatly reduces the sound pressure, so that the efficiency of the ventilation is reduced.
- decentralized ventilation systems often use duct inserts made from sound-absorbing material which does not extend over the entire length and reduce the diameter.
- the object of the invention is therefore to further develop a ventilation device of the type described above, that on the one hand the most efficient damping of sound from the outside and sound generated by the axial fan is reduced, on the other hand, the structure should be kept as simple as possible and It should not affect the air flow, ie the sound should be absorbed as well as possible, but without reducing the air flow.
- the sound-absorbing element is designed as a sound-absorbing sleeve, which is fitted with respect to their outer dimensions in the wall mounting sleeve.
- the sound insulating sleeve has a sleeve inner surface which defines the outer boundary of an air passage for the passage of air between the inside of the room and the outside; the axial fan and the heat accumulator are fixed in the sound insulation sleeve by a connection to this.
- the material used for the sound insulating sleeve preferably has such a high strength that it is not or only slightly deformed under the mechanical load with the weight of the axial fan, the heat accumulator and possibly other components, i.
- the heat accumulator consists of a ceramic material and has a plurality of straight, separated from each other by walls channels extending in a known manner along a predetermined by the axial fan and the wall sleeve mounting flow direction.
- the ventilation device according to the invention uses standardized ceramic heat storage, as they are well known in the art in the context of decentralized ventilation devices.
- the use of additional sound-conducting elements which also take over the function of a heat storage, can be completely dispensed with in the present invention:
- the sound-absorbing sleeve has a sleeve inner surface, which forms the outer boundary of the air duct, in contrast to the closest prior art, where an inner, apertured housing is located between the sound-absorbing element and the air duct.
- tests have shown that a very good sound insulation can be achieved even without such additional measures and sound-conducting elements, if there are no additional lattice-shaped or openwork material layers between the sleeve inner surface of the soundproofing sleeve and the air duct.
- the shape of the sound-absorbing sleeve is expediently adapted to the shape of the wall-mounting sleeve, for example, square or in particular circular cross-sections are particularly well.
- the sleeve inner surface is composed of several abutting partial surfaces, in the case of a circular cross-section of the sound insulation sleeve is only one surface.
- the sleeve inner surface may also have a deviating from the outer surface of the soundproofing sleeve and the wall mounting sleeve cross-section. The latter may be, for example, square, while the sleeve inner surface has a circular cross-section.
- the sleeve inner surface forms the outer boundary of the air channel, i. between the sleeve inner surface and the air duct is no further housing with openings or other structure, which partially covers the sleeve inner surface.
- the sleeve inner surface is over its entire longitudinal extent in direct contact with the air duct or defines this, without prejudice to the fact that the axial fan, the heat accumulator and possibly other elements such as tail units are arranged in the air duct and connected to the Schalldämmhülse.
- These compounds can be made for example via adhesive layers as a one-way connection, but maintenance-friendly are reversible, detachable connections, for example by screws.
- the components which are used in the soundproofing preferably non-positively connected thereto, more preferably by means of an interference fit, which is also referred to as a press fit.
- the components - for example, axial fan, heat storage and tail units - at its outer periphery, for example. be provided with a few mm to about one cm thick sealing tape which is elastic, i. is reversibly deformable.
- axial fans and heat storage which are offered in certain graded cross-sectional sizes, continue to be used, it must turn out only the wall openings correspondingly larger.
- the soundproofing sleeve is preferably accurately received by the wall mounting sleeve in relation to the cross section.
- the sound insulation sleeve has a slight interference fit - also referred to as a press fit - has.
- the interference fit is also considered as a fit in the wall mounting sleeve. This also secures the sound-absorbing sleeve against displacements in the axial direction.
- the sound-absorbing sleeve is secured by two patch on the open ends of the wall mounting sleeve Schalldämmhülsen cover caps against axial displacements relative to the wall mounting sleeve, also the ends of the soundproofing sleeve are thereby protected against external influences.
- the silencer covers may be force and / or or be positively connected to the wall mounting sleeve and / or bolted to the wall. They may for example be annular, it is essential that they do not or only slightly narrow the defined by the sleeve inner surface air duct, for example by enclosing the edge of the sleeve inner surface in the manner of a lid.
- the sound-deadening sleeve is fitted not only from the cross-section into the wall-mounting sleeve, but also from the length, i. the length of the sound insulation sleeve corresponds to the length of the wall mounting sleeve almost, except for compared to the total length of the wall sleeve negligible areas of the wall sleeve, which may be needed to attach, for example, protective covers on the outer sides. Since virtually the entire length of the wall sleeve for the sound insulation sleeve is thus utilized, the sound insulation is particularly efficient.
- the sound-absorbing sleeve is preferably manufactured in one piece from a sound-insulating material.
- the sound insulation sleeves can be cut from a prefabricated tube.
- Particularly suitable materials for the soundproofing sleeve are open-cell foams or foams, since they can absorb the sound to a high degree. Closed pore foam may also be used, but has a lower level of sound absorption.
- a melamine-based (cyanuric triamide-based) open-cell foam can be used as the material for the soundproofing sleeve.
- the soundproofing sleeve is preferably coated on at least the sleeve inner surface with an antibacterial protective film.
- an antibacterial protective film In the case of an open cell foam, the pores are not closed by this protective film, the protective film follows the surface of the foam.
- the sleeve inner surface can then be cleaned better, in addition, the components are easier to remove in case of maintenance, since the sliding properties are improved.
- the materials used for the soundproofing sleeve should have the largest possible surface area on the inner surface of the sleeve, which can be achieved, for example, by pores, high roughness or a fissuring structure.
- the material must have such a strength that allows it to securely fix the axial fan and the heat storage to it.
- the axial fan with the impeller rotating during operation must be able to be fixed so as to prevent vibration or displacement due to the forces caused by the rotation.
- FIG. 1 a longitudinal section through a ventilation device for loading and venting a room with a soundproofing element.
- Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a ventilation device for ventilating a room.
- This ventilation device comprises a wall sleeve 1 for connecting an inside of the room with an outside.
- the ventilation device is used with the wall sleeve 1 in a wall 2, the wall 2 separates the inside of the room from the outside, which is usually part of an outdoor environment outdoors.
- Fig. 1 On the left of the wall is the inside of the room, on the right side of the wall is the outside.
- the ventilation device on its outer side an outer cap 3.
- On the inside of the room, the ventilation device is protected by an inner cap 4 and a ventilation grille 5.
- the inner cap 4 may be adjustable in its inclination, for example, to direct the incoming air targeted in different directions in space.
- the ventilation device shown here in longitudinal section may, for example, have a round or angular profile in cross-section; in the following, it will be assumed by way of example of a round profile in cross-section.
- the wall sleeve 1 is designed tubular in this case. On its inside, the wall mounting sleeve 1 is lined with a sound absorbing element consisting of a sound-absorbing material, namely a soundproofing sleeve 6, while the soundproofing sleeve 6 is fitted in the wall mounting sleeve 1 from the length.
- This lengthwise fitting is not absolutely necessary, however - as in the example shown here - advantageous to achieve the most efficient soundproofing, which is better, the longer the distance traveled in the soundproofing sleeve 6 of the sound waves.
- the sound insulation sleeve 6 with respect to its outer dimensions, ie with respect to its outer diameter fitted into the wall sleeve 1, either fit or with interference fit.
- the sound-absorbing sleeve 6 is formed here in one piece, but it can also be composed of several sections, if it simplifies the production.
- the soundproofing sleeve 6 has a Sleeve inner surface 7, which defines the outer boundary of an air passage for the passage of air between the inside of the room and the outside.
- Suitable materials for the soundproofing sleeve 6 are in particular those materials which have a large, irregularly shaped surface, such as foams with pores or micropores, or materials having a plurality of fibers on their surface.
- an open-cell foam based on cyanuric triamide, also referred to as melamine is particularly well suited.
- the foam is then flame retardant, abrasive and temperature resistant.
- the sound-absorbing sleeve 6 is preferably coated or sealed at least on the sleeve inner surface 7 with an antibacterial protective film, wherein the pores remain open.
- the sleeve inner surface 7 defines the outer boundary of an air passage, i. between the sleeve inner surface 7 and the air duct is no further layer of any material, which would further reduce the air duct.
- the in the wall sleeve 1 - i. in the space encompassed by it - arranged and essential for the operation of components - an axial fan with blades 8 and a stator 9, a heat storage 10 and optionally two tail units 11, 12 - are specifically fixed in the soundproofing 6.
- the axial fan and the heat accumulator 10 are as well as the Leitmaschinete 11, 12 fixed in the sound insulation sleeve 6 by a connection to this. This compound can be reversible or irreversible.
- the components can be adhesively bonded via corresponding contact surfaces with the sleeve inner surface 7 or screwed thereto.
- the arrangement of the components in the interior of the soundproofing sleeve 6, however, is harmless to the fact that the sleeve inner surface 7 forms the outer boundary of the air duct, the air so apart from the areas where components are arranged, over the entire region of the sleeve inner surface 7 has the opportunity to contact and interact with this surface, resulting in sound insulation.
- the axial fan with the stator housing 9 and the blades 8 is operable in at least two operating states with opposite air conveying directions.
- An operating state serves to convey supply air from the outside to the inside of the room, in the other operating state, exhaust air is conveyed from the inside of the room to the outside.
- the ventilation device and in particular the axial fan can be operated in reverse operation.
- the ventilation device may be connected to a controller, which in turn may in turn be connected to temperature and / or humidity sensors, so that the ventilation device can also be used for dehumidifying rooms.
- the heat accumulator 10 which acts as a heat exchanger, is arranged in the soundproofing sleeve 6. Will this be with air flows through it, it assumes the temperature of the air at constant current. If, for example, cooler air is drawn in from the outside, the heat accumulator 10 cools down. If, subsequently, warmer air is blown from the inside to the outside, the heat accumulator 10 cools this air, but heats up at the same time. With repeated reversal of the flow direction of the heat storage 10 then acts as a heat exchanger, it warms the absorbed air and cools itself off.
- the heat accumulator 10 is made of a ceramic material and has a plurality of channels separated from one another by walls, which extend along a flow direction predetermined by the axial fan and the wall sleeve 1. Ceramic heat accumulators are particularly advantageous because they are not only a high heat capacity and resistant to nucleation, unless they are permanently exposed to moisture and dried at regular intervals by heating. To avoid nucleation, the ceramic heat storage 10 on its outer periphery an insulation 13.
- the insulation 13 of the heat accumulator 10 prevents thermal cooling on the outer wall and on the other tolerances of the wall sleeve can be compensated: In practice, it often happens that when foaming the wall sleeve in the wall, the round geometry due to excessive pressure, the caused by the foaming, is changed to a slightly oval geometry. This can be compensated by the insulating layer.
- the ventilation device is equipped with two tail units 11, 12.
- the arranged between the axial fan and the heat accumulator 10 tail 11 serves to compensate for the radial swirl of air flowing out of the room.
- the tail unit 12, which is arranged between the axial fan and the inside of the room, serves to increase the pressure build-up and the air volume flow of air flowing into the room.
- the sound emission can be significantly reduced and the sound transmission can be significantly reduced. Since the active and passive components are arranged and fixed in the soundproofing sleeve 6, there are no dead zones or losses for the volume flow.
- Previously used heat storage, axial fans and tail units can be used, since the diameter of the sound-absorbing sleeve 6 corresponds to the diameter of a previously known wall mounting sleeve for ventilation devices without sound insulation sleeves 6. A conversion and retrofitting of existing systems is thus possible in principle without much effort. Only a larger wall sleeve 1 must be used, according to the breakthrough must be larger by the wall into which the ventilation device is used.
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Belüftungsvorrichtung zum Be- und Entlüften eines Raumes. Eine solche Belüftungsvorrichtung umfasst eine Wandeinbauhülse (1) zur Verbindung einer Innenseite des Raumes mit einer Außenseite. Sie umfasst weiterhin ein Schalldämmelement, welches aus einem schallabsorbierendem Material besteht, sowie einen Axialventilator, der in mindestens zwei Betriebszuständen mit entgegengesetzten Luftförderrichtungen zur Förderung von Zuluft von der Außenseite zur Innenseite des Raumes und zur Förderung von Abluft von der Innenseite des Raumes zur Außenseite betreibbar ist. Sie umfasst außerdem einen zwischen dem Axialventilator und der Außenseite angeordneten Wärmespeicher (10).Erfindungsgemäß ist das Schalldämmelement als Schalldämmhülse (6) ausgebildet, welche bezüglich ihrer Außenmaße in die Wandeinbauhülse (1) eingepasst ist. Die Schalldämmhülse (6) weist eine Hülseninnenfläche (7) auf, welche die äußere Begrenzung eines Luftkanals für den Durchtritt von Luft zwischen der Innenseite des Raumes und der Außenseite definiert. Der Axialventilator und der Wärmespeicher (10) sind in der Schalldämmhülse (6) durch eine Verbindung zu dieser fixiert. Der Wärmespeicher (10) besteht aus einem keramischen Material und weist eine Vielzahl von voneinander durch Wände getrennten Kanälen auf, die sich längs einer durch den Axialventilator und die Wandeinbauhülse (1) vorgegebenen Strömungsrichtung erstrecken.The invention relates to a ventilation device for ventilating and ventilating a room. Such a ventilation device comprises a wall sleeve (1) for connecting an inside of the room to an outside. It also includes a sound-absorbing element, which consists of a sound-absorbing material, and an axial fan, which can be operated in at least two operating states with opposite air flow directions to convey air from the outside to the inside of the room and to convey exhaust air from the inside of the room to the outside . It also includes a heat accumulator (10) arranged between the axial fan and the outside. According to the invention, the soundproofing element is designed as a soundproofing sleeve (6), which is fitted into the wall-mounting sleeve (1) with regard to its external dimensions. The sound insulation sleeve (6) has an inner sleeve surface (7) which defines the outer boundary of an air duct for the passage of air between the inside of the room and the outside. The axial fan and the heat accumulator (10) are fixed in the sound-insulating sleeve (6) by a connection to the latter. The heat accumulator (10) consists of a ceramic material and has a multiplicity of channels separated from one another by walls, which extend along a flow direction predetermined by the axial fan and the wall sleeve (1).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Belüftungsvorrichtung zum Be- und Entlüften eines Raumes. Eine solche Belüftungsvorrichtung umfasst eine Wandbauhülse zur Verbindung einer Innenseite eines Raumes mit einer Außenseite. Unter der Außenseite wird eine äußere Umgebung außerhalb des Gebäudes, in welchem sich der betreffende Raum, der belüftet werden soll, befindet, verstanden. Die Belüftungsvorrichtung umfasst außerdem ein Schalldämmelement, welches aus einem schallabsorbierenden Material besteht, sowie einen Axialventilator, der in mindestens zwei Betriebszuständen mit entgegengesetzten Luftförderrichtungen zur Förderung von Zuluft von der Außenseite zur Innenseite des Raumes und zur Förderung von Abluft von der Innenseite des Raumes zur Außenseite betreibbar ist. Der Axialventilator ist in der Wandeinbauhülse angeordnet, d.h. in dem von der Wandeinbauhülse umschlossenen Raum. Schließlich umfasst die Belüftungsvorrichtung noch einen zwischen dem Axialventilator und der Außenseite in der Wandeinbauhülse angeordneten Wärmespeicher.The invention relates to a ventilation device for ventilating a room. Such a ventilation device comprises a wall sleeve for connecting an inside of a room with an outside. Under the outside is an external environment outside the building in which the space in question, which is to be ventilated, is understood. The ventilating device further comprises a sound absorbing member made of a sound absorbing material and an axial fan operable in at least two operating states with opposite air conveying directions for conveying supply air from the outside to the inside of the room and for conveying exhaust air from the inside of the room to the outside is. The axial fan is disposed in the wall sleeve, i. in the space enclosed by the wall sleeve. Finally, the ventilation device also comprises a arranged between the axial fan and the outside in the wall mounting sleeve heat storage.
Im Stand der Technik sind solche Systeme seit Längerem bekannt. Derartige Belüftungsvorrichtungen werden beispielsweise im modernen Wohnungs- und Hausbau für die Belüftung von Räumen oder Zimmern von Ein- und Mehrfamilienhäusern eingesetzt. Es handelt sich um dezentral angeordnete Belüftungsvorrichtungen, die nur einzelne Räume belüften und daher recht kompakt gebaut werden können. Im Gegensatz dazu sind zentrale Belüftungsvorrichtung wesentlich größer dimensioniert, da sie eine Vielzahl von Räumen gleichzeitig belüften müssen, an solche zentralen Anordnungen werden andere Anforderungen als an dezentrale Anordnungen gestellt: Zentrale Anordnungen müssen höhere Luftströme erreichen und verfügen in der Regel auch über größere Ventilatoren und längere Beförderungswege. Dezentrale Belüftungsvorrichtungen, die nur einzelne Räume belüften, können dagegen vergleichsweise kompakt gebaut werden. Die Durchmesser von Belüftungsvorrichtungen, die für solche Zwecke verwendet werden können, liegen üblicherweise im Bereich zwischen etwa 100 mm und 300 mm, die Belüftungsvorrichtungen werden beispielsweise im Rahmen von Energiesparmaßnahmen zur effizienten Belüftung bzw. Frischluftzufuhr eingesetzt, u.a. in Passivhäusern.In the prior art, such systems have been known for some time. Such ventilation devices are used for example in modern housing and house construction for the ventilation of rooms or rooms of single and multi-family homes. These are decentralized ventilation devices that ventilate only individual rooms and therefore can be built quite compact. In contrast, central ventilation device are dimensioned much larger, since they have to ventilate a variety of rooms at the same time, to such central arrangements are made other requirements than decentralized arrangements: Central arrangements must achieve higher air currents and usually have larger fans and longer transport routes. Decentralized ventilation devices that ventilate only individual rooms, however, can be comparatively be built compact. The diameters of ventilation devices that can be used for such purposes are usually in the range between about 100 mm and 300 mm, the ventilation devices are used for example in the context of energy saving measures for efficient ventilation or fresh air supply, including in passive houses.
Da die Geräte zur Be- und Entlüftung dezentral im Haus platziert werden, sind in den Räumen mehr oder weniger deutliche Schallemissionen wahrnehmbar, zum einen Schallemissionen, die vom Gerät, d.h. insbesondere dem Axialventilator, selbst ausgehen, zum anderen können auch Außengeräusche in den Raum eindringen.Since the devices for ventilation are placed decentralized in the house, more or less significant noise emissions are perceptible in the rooms, on the one hand noise emissions emitted by the device, i. In particular, the axial fan, even go out, on the other hand, outside noise can penetrate into the room.
Um die Schallemissionen und den Schalldurchgang bei Belüftungsvorrichtungen zu reduzieren, sind im Stand der Technik bereits verschiedene Lösungen bekannt. In der
In der
Die in der
Ansonsten werden in dezentralen Belüftungsanlagen oft Kanaleinsätze aus einem den Schall in gutem Maße absorbierenden Material eingesetzt, die sich nicht über die gesamte Länge erstrecken und den Durchmesser verkleinern. Die Reduzierung des Kanalquerschnitts oder die Verwendung gesonderter Bauteile, die durch gezielte Strömungsumlenkung eine Schallreduktion nach sich ziehen, führt jedoch auch zu einer Reduzierung des Luftvolumenstroms.Otherwise, decentralized ventilation systems often use duct inserts made from sound-absorbing material which does not extend over the entire length and reduce the diameter. However, the reduction of the channel cross-section or the use of separate components, which result in a sound reduction through targeted flow diversion, also leads to a reduction of the air volume flow.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Belüftungsvorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art dahingehend weiterzuentwickeln, dass zum einen eine möglichst effiziente Dämpfung von Schall von der Außenseite und Schall, der vom Axialventilator erzeugt wird, reduziert wird, wobei andererseits der Aufbau möglichst einfach gehalten werden soll und dabei den Luftstrom nicht beeinträchtigten soll, d.h. der Schall soll möglichst gut absorbiert werden, ohne jedoch den Luftvolumenstrom zu reduzieren.The object of the invention is therefore to further develop a ventilation device of the type described above, that on the one hand the most efficient damping of sound from the outside and sound generated by the axial fan is reduced, on the other hand, the structure should be kept as simple as possible and It should not affect the air flow, ie the sound should be absorbed as well as possible, but without reducing the air flow.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Belüftungsvorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art dadurch gelöst, dass das Schalldämmelement als Schalldämmhülse ausgebildet ist, welche bezüglich ihrer Außenmaße in die Wandeinbauhülse eingepasst ist. Dabei weist die Schalldämmhülse eine Hülseninnenfläche auf, welche die äußere Begrenzung eines Luftkanals für den Durchtritt von Luft zwischen der Innenseite des Raumes und der Außenseite definiert; der Axialventilator und der Wärmespeicher sind in der Schalldämmhülse durch eine Verbindung zu dieser fixiert. Das für die Schalldämmhülse verwendete Material weist dabei bevorzugt eine so hohe Festigkeit auf, dass es unter der mechanischen Belastung mit dem Gewicht des Axialventilators, des Wärmespeichers und ggf. weiterer Bauteile nicht oder nur unwesentlich deformiert wird, d.h. Deformationen aufgrund der Masse von in der Schalldämmhülse angeordneten Bauteilen werden verhindert. Außerdem besteht der Wärmespeicher aus einem keramischen Material und weist eine Vielzahl von geraden, voneinander durch Wände getrennten Kanälen auf, die sich in bekannter Weise längs einer durch den Axialventilator und die Wandeinbauhülse vorgegebenen Strömungsrichtung erstrecken. Im Gegensatz zu dem eingangs beschriebenen Lüfter mit gesondert angeordneten Schall-Leitelementen, welcher als nächster Stand der Technik angesehen wird, verwendet die erfindungsgemäße Belüftungseinrichtung standardisierte Keramik-Wärmespeicher, wie sie im Stand der Technik im Zusammenhang mit dezentralen Belüftungseinrichtungen hinlänglich bekannt sind. Auf die Verwendung zusätzlicher Schall-Leitelemente, die außerdem die Funktion eines Wärmespeichers übernehmen, kann bei der vorliegenden Erfindung vollständig verzichtet werden: Die Schalldämmhülse weist eine Hülseninnenfläche auf, welche die äußere Begrenzung des Luftkanals bildet, im Gegensatz zum nächstliegenden Stand der Technik, wo sich zwischen dem Schalldämmelement und dem Luftkanal ein inneres, mit Öffnungen versehenes Gehäuse befindet. Versuche haben jedoch gezeigt, dass eine sehr gute Schalldämmung auch ohne solche zusätzlichen Maßnahmen und Schall-Leitelemente erreicht werden kann, wenn sich keine zusätzlichen gitterförmigen oder durchbrochene Materialschichten zwischen der Hülseninnenfläche der Schalldämmhülse und dem Luftkanal befinden.This object is achieved in a ventilation device of the type described above in that the sound-absorbing element is designed as a sound-absorbing sleeve, which is fitted with respect to their outer dimensions in the wall mounting sleeve. In this case, the sound insulating sleeve has a sleeve inner surface which defines the outer boundary of an air passage for the passage of air between the inside of the room and the outside; the axial fan and the heat accumulator are fixed in the sound insulation sleeve by a connection to this. The material used for the sound insulating sleeve preferably has such a high strength that it is not or only slightly deformed under the mechanical load with the weight of the axial fan, the heat accumulator and possibly other components, i. Deformations due to the mass of arranged in the soundproofing components are prevented. In addition, the heat accumulator consists of a ceramic material and has a plurality of straight, separated from each other by walls channels extending in a known manner along a predetermined by the axial fan and the wall sleeve mounting flow direction. In contrast to the fan described above with separately arranged sound-guiding elements, which is considered as the closest prior art, the ventilation device according to the invention uses standardized ceramic heat storage, as they are well known in the art in the context of decentralized ventilation devices. The use of additional sound-conducting elements, which also take over the function of a heat storage, can be completely dispensed with in the present invention: The sound-absorbing sleeve has a sleeve inner surface, which forms the outer boundary of the air duct, in contrast to the closest prior art, where an inner, apertured housing is located between the sound-absorbing element and the air duct. However, tests have shown that a very good sound insulation can be achieved even without such additional measures and sound-conducting elements, if there are no additional lattice-shaped or openwork material layers between the sleeve inner surface of the soundproofing sleeve and the air duct.
Die Form der Schalldämmhülse ist dabei zweckmäßig an die Form der Wandeinbauhülse angepasst, beispielsweise eignen sich quadratische oder insbesondere kreisförmige Querschnitte besonders gut. Im Falle eines quadratischen Querschnitts der Schalldämmhülse ist die Hülseninnenfläche aus mehreren aneinander stoßenden Teilflächen zusammengesetzt, im Falle eines kreisförmigen Querschnitts der Schalldämmhülse liegt nur eine Fläche vor. Darüber hinaus kann die Hülseninnenfläche auch einen von der Außenfläche der Schalldämmhülse und der Wandeinbauhülse abweichenden Querschnitt aufweisen. Letztere können beispielsweise quadratisch sein, während die Hülseninnenfläche einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweist.The shape of the sound-absorbing sleeve is expediently adapted to the shape of the wall-mounting sleeve, for example, square or in particular circular cross-sections are particularly well. In the case of a square cross-section of the sound insulation sleeve, the sleeve inner surface is composed of several abutting partial surfaces, in the case of a circular cross-section of the sound insulation sleeve is only one surface. In addition, the sleeve inner surface may also have a deviating from the outer surface of the soundproofing sleeve and the wall mounting sleeve cross-section. The latter may be, for example, square, while the sleeve inner surface has a circular cross-section.
Die Hülseninnenfläche bildet die äußere Begrenzung des Luftkanals, d.h. zwischen der Hülseninnenfläche und dem Luftkanal befindet sich kein weiteres Gehäuse mit Öffnungen oder eine sonstige Struktur, welche die Hülseninnenfläche teilweise verdeckt. Die Hülseninnenfläche steht über ihre gesamte Längsausdehnung in direktem Kontakt mit dem Luftkanal bzw. definiert diesen, unbeschadet der Tatsache, dass der Axialventilator, der Wärmespeicher und ggf. weitere Elemente wie Leitwerke im Luftkanal angeordnet und mit der Schalldämmhülse verbunden sind. Diese Verbindungen können beispielsweise über Klebeschichten als Einwegverbindung erfolgen, wartungsfreundlicher sind jedoch reversible, wieder lösbare Verbindungen, beispielsweise durch Schrauben. Um die Oberfläche der Hülseninnenfläche jedoch nicht zu zerstören, sind die Bauteile, die in die Schalldämmhülse eingesetzt werden, bevorzugt kraftschlüssig mit dieser verbunden, besonders bevorzugt mittels einer Übermaßpassung, die auch als Presspassung bezeichnet wird. Dazu können die Bauteile - beispielsweise Axialventilator, Wärmespeicher und Leitwerke - an ihrem äußeren Umfang z.B. mit einem einige mm bis etwa ein cm dicken Dichtband versehen sein, welches elastisch, d.h. reversibel verformbar ist. Dadurch wird einerseits eine ausreichend stabile, kraftschlüssige Verbindung zur Schalldämmhülse hergestellt, jedoch ist es ebenfalls möglich, die Bauteile zur Wartung oder zum Wechsel manuell ohne Hilfsmittel aus der Schalldämmhülse zu entfernen.The sleeve inner surface forms the outer boundary of the air channel, i. between the sleeve inner surface and the air duct is no further housing with openings or other structure, which partially covers the sleeve inner surface. The sleeve inner surface is over its entire longitudinal extent in direct contact with the air duct or defines this, without prejudice to the fact that the axial fan, the heat accumulator and possibly other elements such as tail units are arranged in the air duct and connected to the Schalldämmhülse. These compounds can be made for example via adhesive layers as a one-way connection, but maintenance-friendly are reversible, detachable connections, for example by screws. However, in order not to destroy the surface of the sleeve inner surface, the components which are used in the soundproofing, preferably non-positively connected thereto, more preferably by means of an interference fit, which is also referred to as a press fit. For this purpose, the components - for example, axial fan, heat storage and tail units - at its outer periphery, for example. be provided with a few mm to about one cm thick sealing tape which is elastic, i. is reversibly deformable. As a result, on the one hand a sufficiently stable, non-positive connection to the sound insulation sleeve produced, however, it is also possible to remove the components for maintenance or replacement manually without tools from the sound insulation sleeve.
Um den Durchmesser des Luftkanals gegenüber an sich bekannten Belüftungsvorrichtungen ohne Schalldämmelement nicht zu verringern, werden die Abmessungen der Wandeinbauhülse - bei einer zylinderförmigen Wandeinbauhülse deren Durchmesser - um die Abmessungen der Schalldämmhülse vergrößert, so dass die Hülseninnenfläche der Schalldämmhülse die gleichen Abmessungen aufweist wie eine Wandeinbauhülse in einer Belüftungsvorrichtung ohne Schalldämmhülse. Auf diese Weise können Axialventilatoren und Wärmespeicher, die in bestimmten, abgestuften Querschnittsgrößen angeboten werden, weiterverwendet werden, es müssen nur die Wanddurchbrüche entsprechend größer ausfallen. Die Schalldämmhülse wird von der Wandeinbauhülse bezogen auf den Querschnitt bevorzugt passgenau aufgenommen. Sie kann mit der Wandeinbauhülse beispielsweise punktweise oder flächig verklebt werden, oder kraftschlüssig mit dieser verbunden werden, wenn die Schalldämmhülse eine leichte Übermaßpassung - auch als Presspassung bezeichnet - aufweist. Auch die Übermaßpassung wird als Einpassung in die Wandeinbauhülse aufgefasst. Diese sichert die Schalldämmhülse außerdem gegen Verschiebungen in axialer Richtung. In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführung ist die Schalldämmhülse durch zwei auf die offenen Enden der Wandeinbauhülse aufgesetzte Schalldämmhülsen-Abdeckkappen gegen axiale Verschiebungen relativ zur Wandeinbauhülse gesichert, zudem werden die Enden der Schalldämmhülse dadurch gegen äußere Einflüsse geschützt. In Verbindung mit einem passgenauen Zuschnitt - der eine Axialverschiebung mit wenig Kraftaufwand grundsätzlich erlaubt - ermöglicht die Verwendung von Schalldämmhülsen-Abdeckkappen den einfacheren Austausch der Schalldämmhülse und erhöht die Wartungsfreundlichkeit. Die Schalldämmhülsen-Abdeckkappen können kraft- und/ oder formschlüssig mit der Wandeinbauhülse verbunden werden und/oder mit der Wand verschraubt werden. Sie können beispielsweise ringförmig ausgebildet sein, wesentlich ist, dass sie den durch die Hülseninnenfläche definierten Luftkanal nicht oder nur unwesentlich verengen, beispielsweise durch eine Umfassung des Randes der Hülseninnenfläche nach Art eines Deckels.In order not to reduce the diameter of the air duct compared to known ventilation devices without sound insulation, the dimensions of the wall sleeve - in a cylindrical Wandeinbauhülse whose diameter - increased by the dimensions of the Schalldämmhülse, so that the sleeve inner surface of the soundproofing sleeve has the same dimensions as a Wandeinbauhülse a ventilation device without Schalldämmhülse. In this way, axial fans and heat storage, which are offered in certain graded cross-sectional sizes, continue to be used, it must turn out only the wall openings correspondingly larger. The soundproofing sleeve is preferably accurately received by the wall mounting sleeve in relation to the cross section. It can be glued to the wall mounting sleeve, for example, pointwise or surface, or positively connected with this, if the sound insulation sleeve has a slight interference fit - also referred to as a press fit - has. The interference fit is also considered as a fit in the wall mounting sleeve. This also secures the sound-absorbing sleeve against displacements in the axial direction. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the sound-absorbing sleeve is secured by two patch on the open ends of the wall mounting sleeve Schalldämmhülsen cover caps against axial displacements relative to the wall mounting sleeve, also the ends of the soundproofing sleeve are thereby protected against external influences. In conjunction with a tailor-made blank - which basically allows axial displacement with little effort - the use of sound-absorbing sleeve covers makes it easier to replace the sound-absorbing sleeve and increases ease of maintenance. The silencer covers may be force and / or or be positively connected to the wall mounting sleeve and / or bolted to the wall. They may for example be annular, it is essential that they do not or only slightly narrow the defined by the sleeve inner surface air duct, for example by enclosing the edge of the sleeve inner surface in the manner of a lid.
Bevorzugt ist die Schalldämmhülse nicht nur vom Querschnitt her in die Wandeinbauhülse eingepasst, sondern auch von der Länge her, d.h. die Länge der Schalldämmhülse entspricht der Länge der Wandeinbauhülse nahezu, bis auf im Vergleich zur Gesamtlänge der Wandeinbauhülse vernachlässigbar kleine Bereiche der Wandeinbauhülse, die ggf. benötigt werden, um beispielsweise Schutzabdeckungen an den Außenseiten anzubringen. Da somit praktisch die gesamte Länge der Wandeinbauhülse für die Schalldämmhülse ausgenutzt wird, ist die Schalldämmung besonders effizient.Preferably, the sound-deadening sleeve is fitted not only from the cross-section into the wall-mounting sleeve, but also from the length, i. the length of the sound insulation sleeve corresponds to the length of the wall mounting sleeve almost, except for compared to the total length of the wall sleeve negligible areas of the wall sleeve, which may be needed to attach, for example, protective covers on the outer sides. Since virtually the entire length of the wall sleeve for the sound insulation sleeve is thus utilized, the sound insulation is particularly efficient.
Die Schalldämmhülse ist bevorzugt einstückig aus einem schalldämmenden Material gefertigt. Beispielsweise können die Schalldämmhülsen aus einem vorgefertigten Rohr abgelängt werden.The sound-absorbing sleeve is preferably manufactured in one piece from a sound-insulating material. For example, the sound insulation sleeves can be cut from a prefabricated tube.
Als Materialien für die Schalldämmhülse kommen insbesondere offenporige Schäume bzw. Schaumstoffe in Frage, da diese den Schall in einem hohen Maße absorbieren können. Auch Schaumstoff mit geschlossenen Poren kann verwendet werden, weist jedoch einen geringeren Schallabsorptionsgrad auf. Beispielsweise kann ein offenporiger Schaumstoff auf Melamin-Basis (Cyanursäuretriamid-Basis) als Material für die Schalldämmhülse verwendet werden.Particularly suitable materials for the soundproofing sleeve are open-cell foams or foams, since they can absorb the sound to a high degree. Closed pore foam may also be used, but has a lower level of sound absorption. For example, a melamine-based (cyanuric triamide-based) open-cell foam can be used as the material for the soundproofing sleeve.
Zum Schutz gegen Verunreinigung insbesondere durch Bakterien ist die Schalldämmhülse bevorzugt mindestens auf der Hülseninnenfläche mit einem antibakteriell wirkenden Schutzfilm überzogen. Im Falle eines offenporigen Schaumstoffs werden die Poren durch diesen Schutzfilm nicht geschlossen, der Schutzfilm folgt der Oberfläche des Schaumstoffs. Darüber hinaus lässt sich die Hülseninnenfläche dann besser reinigen, zudem lassen sich die Bauteile im Wartungsfall leichter entnehmen, da die Gleiteigenschaften verbessert werden.To protect against contamination, in particular by bacteria, the soundproofing sleeve is preferably coated on at least the sleeve inner surface with an antibacterial protective film. In the case of an open cell foam, the pores are not closed by this protective film, the protective film follows the surface of the foam. In addition, the sleeve inner surface can then be cleaned better, in addition, the components are easier to remove in case of maintenance, since the sliding properties are improved.
Allgemein sollten die Materialien, die für die Schalldämmhülse verwendet werden, an der Hülseninnenfläche eine möglichst große Oberfläche aufweisen, was beispielsweise durch Poren, eine hohe Rauigkeit oder eine zerfasernde Struktur erreicht werden kann. Andererseits muss das Material jedoch eine solche Festigkeit besitzen, die es erlaubt, den Axialventilator und den Wärmespeicher daran sicher zu fixieren. Insbesondere der Axialventilator mit dem sich im Betrieb drehenden Flügelrad muss so fixiert werden können, dass eine Vibration oder eine Versetzung aufgrund der durch die Rotation hervorgerufenen Kräfte verhindert wird.Generally, the materials used for the soundproofing sleeve should have the largest possible surface area on the inner surface of the sleeve, which can be achieved, for example, by pores, high roughness or a fissuring structure. On the other hand, however, the material must have such a strength that allows it to securely fix the axial fan and the heat storage to it. In particular, the axial fan with the impeller rotating during operation must be able to be fixed so as to prevent vibration or displacement due to the forces caused by the rotation.
Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in den angegebenen Kombinationen, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung einsetzbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the specified combinations but also in other combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung beispielsweise anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung, die auch erfindungswesentliche Merkmale offenbart, noch näher erläutert. Es zeigt
Die Belüftungsvorrichtung wird mit der Wandeinbauhülse 1 in eine Wand 2 eingesetzt, die Wand 2 trennt die Innenseite des Raumes von der Außenseite, welche in der Regel Teil einer äußeren Umgebung im Freien ist. In
Die Hülseninnenfläche 7 definiert die äußere Begrenzung eines Luftkanals, d.h. zwischen der Hülseninnenfläche 7 und dem Luftkanal befindet sich keine weitere Schicht aus irgendeinem Material, welches den Luftkanal weiter verkleinern würde. Die in der Wandeinbauhülse 1 - d.h. in dem von ihr umfassten Raum - angeordneten und für den Betrieb wesentlichen Bauteile - ein Axialventilator mit Schaufeln 8 und einem Statorgehäuse 9, ein Wärmespeicher 10 und optional zwei Leitwerke 11, 12 - sind konkret in der Schalldämmhülse 6 fixiert. Der Axialventilator und der Wärmespeicher 10 sind ebenso wie die Leitwerkte 11, 12 in der Schalldämmhülse 6 durch eine Verbindung zu dieser fixiert. Diese Verbindung kann reversibel oder irreversibel sein. Beispielsweise können die Bauteile über entsprechende Kontaktflächen mit der Hülseninnenfläche 7 verklebt sein oder mit dieser verschraubt sein. Die Anordnung der Bauteile im Innern der Schalldämmhülse 6 ist jedoch unschädlich für die Tatsache, dass die Hülseninnenfläche 7 die äußere Begrenzung des Luftkanals bildet, die Luft also abgesehen von den Bereichen, wo Bauteile angeordnet sind, über den gesamten Bereich der Hülseninnenfläche 7 die Möglichkeit hat, mit dieser Oberfläche in Kontakt zu treten und zu wechselwirken, was zu einer Schalldämmung führt.The sleeve
Der Axialventilator mit dem Statorgehäuse 9 und den Schaufeln 8 ist in mindestens zwei Betriebszuständen mit entgegengesetzten Luftförderrichtungen betreibbar. Ein Betriebszustand dient der Förderung von Zuluft von der Außenseite zur Innenseite des Raumes, im anderen Betriebszustand wird Abluft von der Innenseite des Raumes zur Außenseite gefördert. Die Belüftungsvorrichtung und insbesondere der Axialventilator können im Reversierbetrieb betrieben werden. Die Belüftungsvorrichtung kann mit einer Steuerung verbunden sein, welche ihrerseits wiederum mit Temperatur- und/oder Luftfeuchtigkeitssensoren verbunden sein kann, so dass die Belüftungsvorrichtung auch zum Entfeuchten von Räumen verwendet werden kann.The axial fan with the
Zwischen dem Axialventilator und der Außenseite des Raumes ist in der Schalldämmhülse 6 der Wärmespeicher 10, der als Wärmetauscher fungiert, angeordnet. Wird dieser mit Luft durchströmt, nimmt er bei konstantem Strom die Temperatur der Luft an. Wird beispielsweise von außen kühlere Luft eingezogen, kühlt sich der Wärmespeicher 10 ab. Wird anschließend von innen wärmere Luft nach außen geblasen, so kühlt der Wärmespeicher 10 diese Luft ab, erwärmt sich jedoch gleichzeitig. Bei abermaliger Umkehr der Strömungsrichtung wirkt der Wärmespeicher 10 dann wie ein Wärmetauscher, er wärmt die eingesogene Luft und kühlt sich dabei selbst ab. Der Wärmespeicher 10 besteht aus einem keramischen Material und weist eine Vielzahl von voneinander durch Wände getrennten Kanälen auf, die sich längs einer durch den Axialventilator und die Wandeinbauhülse 1 vorgegebenen Strömungsrichtung erstrecken. Keramische Wärmespeicher sind insbesondere deswegen vorteilhaft, da sie neben einer hohen Wärmekapazität auch resistent gegen Keimbildung sind, sofern sie nicht dauerhaft Feuchtigkeit ausgesetzt sind und in regelmäßigen Intervallen durch Erwärmen getrocknet werden. Zur Vermeidung von Keimbildung weist der keramische Wärmespeicher 10 an seinem äußeren Umfang eine Isolierung 13 auf. Die Isolierung 13 des Wärmespeichers 10 verhindert zum einen thermisches Auskühlen über die Außenwand und zum anderen können dadurch Toleranzen der Wandeinbauhülse ausgeglichen werden: In der Praxis kommt es häufig vor, dass beim Einschäumen der Wandeinbauhülse in die Wand die runde Geometrie durch zu starken Druck, der durch das Einschäumen entsteht, zu einer leicht ovalen Geometrie verändert wird. Dies kann durch die Isolierschicht ausgeglichen werden.Between the axial fan and the outside of the room, the
Bevorzugt - wie im in
Durch die Ausstattung einer Belüftungsvorrichtung mit einem Schalldämmelement, wie vorangehend beschrieben, lässt sich die Schallemission deutlich reduzieren und der Schalldurchgang signifikant verringern. Da die aktiven und passiven Bauteile in der Schalldämmhülse 6 angeordnet und fixiert werden, entstehen für den Volumenstrom keine toten Bereiche oder Verluste. Bisher verwendete Wärmespeicher, Axialventilatoren und Leitwerke können weiterverwendet werden, da der Durchmesser der Schalldämmhülse 6 dem Durchmesser einer vorbekannten Wandeinbauhülse für Belüftungsvorrichtungen ohne Schalldämmhülsen 6 entspricht. Eine Umrüstung und Nachrüstung bestehender Systeme ist somit prinzipiell ohne großen Aufwand möglich. Lediglich eine größere Wandeinbauhülse 1 muss verwendet werden, entsprechend muss der Durchbruch durch die Wand, in welche die Belüftungsvorrichtung eingesetzt wird, größer ausfallen.By equipping a ventilation device with a soundproofing element, as described above, the sound emission can be significantly reduced and the sound transmission can be significantly reduced. Since the active and passive components are arranged and fixed in the
- 11
- WandeinbauhülseWall mounting sleeve
- 22
- Wandwall
- 33
- äußere Abdeckkappeouter cap
- 44
- innere Abdeckkappeinner cap
- 55
- Lüftungsgitterventilation grille
- 66
- SchalldämmhülseSchalldämmhülse
- 77
- HülseninnenflächeSleeve inner surface
- 88th
- Schaufelshovel
- 99
- Statorgehäusestator
- 1010
- Wärmespeicherheat storage
- 11, 1211, 12
- Leitwerktail
- 1313
- Isolierschichtinsulating
Claims (8)
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US11678749B2 (en) | 2020-01-03 | 2023-06-20 | Sleep Number Corporation | Pressure-based bed microclimate control |
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US3976393A (en) * | 1975-08-27 | 1976-08-24 | Candaian Hurricane Equipment Ltd | Portable fan housing |
EP0990859A2 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 2000-04-05 | Roland Baumann | Air exhausting and ventilating device |
EP1628084A1 (en) * | 2003-04-23 | 2006-02-22 | Tosho Engineering Co., Ltd. | Ventilator |
GB2427653A (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-03 | Caice Acoustic Air Movement Lt | Isolated fan unit |
DE202010010607U1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2011-11-04 | Mdm Diels Gmbh | Ventilation and ventilation system |
EP3121527A1 (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2017-01-25 | Aereco GmbH | Ventilating device for ventilation of rooms |
EP3168544A1 (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-17 | InVENTer GmbH | Ventilation device |
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CN112178857A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-05 | 沈哲艺 | Energy-saving building ventilation device and ventilation method |
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