EP3568193A1 - Apparatus and methods of dispensing fluid intravenously and flushing lines of intravenous fluid administration systems - Google Patents
Apparatus and methods of dispensing fluid intravenously and flushing lines of intravenous fluid administration systemsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3568193A1 EP3568193A1 EP17891628.4A EP17891628A EP3568193A1 EP 3568193 A1 EP3568193 A1 EP 3568193A1 EP 17891628 A EP17891628 A EP 17891628A EP 3568193 A1 EP3568193 A1 EP 3568193A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- tubing
- connector
- chamber
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
- A61M39/22—Valves or arrangement of valves
- A61M39/225—Flush valves, i.e. bypass valves for flushing line
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
- A61M5/14212—Pumping with an aspiration and an expulsion action
- A61M5/1424—Manually operated pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M2005/1401—Functional features
- A61M2005/1403—Flushing or purging
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
- A61M39/10—Tube connectors; Tube couplings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
- A61M5/16804—Flow controllers
- A61M5/16809—Flow controllers by repeated filling and emptying of an intermediate volume
Definitions
- the present disclosure is directed generally to intravenous fluid
- administration systems and more particularly to apparatus and methods of dispensing fluid intravenously to a subject, and of flushing a line of an intravenous fluid
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional IV fluid administration system.
- a conventional IV fluid administration system 100 includes an IV fluid bag 1 10, a drip chamber 120, a thumb wheel regulator (TWR) 130, a stopcock 140, tubing 152 interconnecting the various components, and a stand 190 which supports and retains the IV bag 110 at an appropriate height above the subject (not shown) to effect the gravity flow of IV fluids to the subject.
- the lower end of tubing 152 (not shown) below stopcock 140 is connected to a vascular access device (not shown) (e.g. a needle) that is inserted into a vein of the subject (not shown) to administer IV fluids.
- a vascular access device not shown
- Figure 1 illustrates a conventional three-way stopcock 140 including a three-way switch 142 and a port 145.
- switch 142 is positioned in an "on to the subject" position such that IV fluid will drain from IV bag 1 10, through tubing 152, drip chamber 120, TWR 130, and stopcock 140, and into downstream tubing for administration to the subject.
- a predetermined amount of a different IV fluid e.g. drug, antibiotic, anesthetic, etc.
- a different IV fluid e.g. drug, antibiotic, anesthetic, etc.
- switch 142 is manipulated to an "off to the subject" position (not shown), a syringe (not shown), including a pre- determined amount of the different IV fluid, is inserted into port 145 and is then operated to dispense the different IV fluid into the stopcock 140 and downstream tubing for administration to the subject.
- the stopcock 140 and downstream tubing must be flushed to ensure that all of the predetermined amount of the different IV fluid is administered to the subject.
- switch 142 manipulated to an "off to the subject" position (not shown)
- one or more different syringes either respectively pre-filled with flushing IV fluid or flushing IV fluid is drawn into each respective syringe barrel, is respectively inserted into port 145 and operated to flush the stopcock 140 and
- the port 145 must be sterilized (e.g. with alcohol) before inserting the flushing IV fluid syringe.
- This process may be repeated numerous times to perform the flush for a single different IV fluid (e.g. drug, antibiotic, anesthetic, etc.), and several different IV fluids may need to be injected, and flushed, while administering IV fluids to a given subject.
- This process is laborious and time-consuming, and syringes, especially pre-filled syringes, are expensive. The required amount of syringes in this conventional process also contributes to a significant amount of environmental waste.
- an apparatus for dispensing fluid intravenously to a subject includes a first pressure-operated valve configured to operate in fluid communication with an upstream first source of a first fluid and an upstream reservoir pump configured to automatically refill itself with a second fluid from a second upstream fluid source.
- the first pressure-operated valve is also configured to, during operation, pass therethrough to tubing downstream of the first pressure-operated valve, under a first pressure condition, the first fluid from the upstream first fluid source.
- an apparatus for dispensing fluid intravenously to a subject includes a reservoir pump configured to operate in fluid communication with an upstream source of a first fluid and a downstream pressure- operated valve.
- the reservoir pump is also configured to, during operation, automatically refill itself with the first fluid from the first upstream source.
- the downstream pressure- operated valve is configured to operate in fluid communication with the reservoir pump and a second fluid source upstream of the pressure-operated valve.
- the downstream pressure-operated valve is also configured to, during operation, dispense the first fluid to tubing downstream of the pressure-operated valve based on a pressure condition within the pressure-operated valve exceeding a threshold pressure.
- a method of flushing a line of an intravenous fluid administration system including introducing a first fluid into tubing configured to transport fluid for intravenous infusion to a subject and operating a reservoir pump upstream of the tubing to dispense a predetermined amount of a second fluid through a pressure-operated valve upstream of the tubing and at a fluid pressure exceeding a threshold pressure of the pressure-operated valve.
- the method also includes releasing the reservoir pump such that the reservoir pump automatically fills itself with the predetermined amount of the second fluid from a source upstream of the reservoir pump and such that the pressure-operated valve automatically reconfigures itself to receive a third fluid from a fluid source upstream of the pressure-operated valve and at a fluid pressure less than the threshold pressure.
- an apparatus for dispensing fluid intravenously to a subject includes a chamber comprising a plurality of connector ports.
- the chamber is configured to operate in fluid communication with an upstream first source of a first fluid via a first one of the plurality of connector ports.
- the chamber is also configured to, during operation, pass therethrough to tubing downstream of the chamber, under a first pressure condition, the first fluid from the upstream first fluid source via a second one of the plurality of connector ports.
- a third one of the plurality of connector ports is configured to connect to an end of tubing or a valve connector such that, during operation, the chamber is configured to, under a second pressure condition higher than the first pressure condition, pass therethrough to the tubing downstream of the chamber a second fluid from a second fluid source via the third and second connector ports, prevent flow of the first fluid into the tubing downstream of the chamber, and prevent flow of the second fluid through the first connector port.
- a method of flushing a line of an intravenous fluid administration system including introducing a first fluid into tubing configured to transport fluid for intravenous infusion to a subject via a first connector port and a second connector port of a chamber comprising a plurality of connector ports and at a fluid pressure exceeding a threshold pressure of the chamber.
- the method also includes introducing a second fluid into the tubing via a third connector port and the second connector port of the chamber and at a fluid pressure exceeding the threshold pressure of the chamber.
- the flow of the first fluid or the second fluid through a fourth connector port of the chamber is
- a method includes operably coupling a first one of a plurality of connector ports of a chamber to an upstream first source of a first fluid such that the chamber is configured to, during operation, pass therethrough to tubing downstream of the chamber, under a first pressure condition, the first fluid via a second one of the plurality of connector ports.
- the method also includes operably coupling an end of tubing or a valve connector to a third one of the plurality of connector ports of the chamber such that, during operation, the chamber is configured to, under a second pressure condition higher than the first pressure condition pass therethrough to the tubing downstream of the chamber a second fluid from a second fluid source via the third and second connector ports, prevent flow of the first fluid into the tubing downstream of the chamber, and prevent flow of the second fluid through the first connector port.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a conventional intravenous (IV) fluid administration system.
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of an intravenous (IV) fluid administration system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 3A is a plan view of an example of a reservoir pump receiving fluid from an upstream fluid source according to some embodiments.
- Figure 3B is a plan view of an example of a reservoir pump dispensing fluid to a downstream fluid sink according to some embodiments.
- Figure 3C is a plan view of an example of a reservoir pump including an adjustable filling volume and receiving fluid from an upstream fluid source according to some embodiments.
- Figure 3D is a plan view of an example of a reservoir pump including an adjustable filling volume and dispensing fluid to a downstream fluid sink according to some embodiments.
- Figure 3E is a plan view of an example of a reservoir pump including an adjustable filling volume and receiving fluid from an upstream fluid source according to some embodiments.
- Figure 4 A is a plan view of an example of a reservoir pump receiving fluid from an upstream fluid source according to some embodiments.
- Figure 4B is a plan view of an example of a reservoir pump including an adjustable filling volume and receiving fluid from an upstream fluid source according to some embodiments.
- Figure 5A is a plan view of an example of a pressure-operated valve under a first pressure condition according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 5B is a plan view of an example of a pressure-operated valve under a second pressure condition according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 5C is a plan view of an example of a pressure-operated valve under a first pressure condition according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 5D is a plan view of an example of a pressure-operated valve under a first pressure condition according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 5E is a plan view of an example of a pressure-operated valve under a second pressure condition according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 5F is a plan view of an example of a pressure-operated valve under a first pressure condition according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 6 is a perspective view of an intravenous (IV) fluid administration system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 7 is a plan view of an example of a manifold according to some embodiments.
- Figure 8 is a perspective view of an intravenous (IV) fluid administration system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 9 is a flow chart illustrating a method of flushing a line of an intravenous fluid administration system according to some embodiments.
- Figure 1 OA is a plan view of an example of a chamber according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 10B is a plan view of an example of a chamber including a plurality of connector ports according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure IOC is a plan view of an example of a chamber including a plurality of connector ports, and examples of valve connectors, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 10D is a plan view of an example of a chamber including a plurality of connector ports respectively connected to ends of tubing and an example of a valve connector according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 10E is a plan view of an example of a chamber including a plurality of connector ports respectively connected to ends of tubing and an example of a valve connector according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 1 OF is a plan view of an example of a chamber including a plurality of connector ports respectively connected to ends of tubing and an example of a valve connector according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 10G is a plan view of an example of a chamber including a plurality of connector ports respectively connected to ends of tubing and an example of a valve connector according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 1 1 is a perspective view of an intravenous (IV) fluid administration system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Figure 12 is a flow chart illustrating a method of flushing a line of an intravenous fluid administration system according to some embodiments.
- Figure 13 is a flow chart illustrating a method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Description of the Examples
- the inventor has observed that by utilizing a reservoir pump configured to automatically refill itself with an IV flushing fluid from an upstream IV fluid source and a downstream pressure- operated valve, the time, cost, and environmental waste, necessary for using syringes is minimized.
- the inventor has also observed that by utilizing a reservoir pump configured to automatically refill itself with an IV flushing fluid from an upstream IV fluid source and a downstream pressure-operated valve, no re- positioning of stopcock switches, and no switching of syringes, is required which results in significant time and cost savings, and provides environmental benefits with the reduction of environmental waste.
- the inventor has further determined that such solutions are easily scalable such that numerous different IV fluids can be injected and flushed efficiently, cost-effectively, and accurately.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an intravenous (IV) fluid administration system 200 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- IV fluid administration system 200 includes a first source of a first IV fluid such as, for example, an IV fluid bag 210, a plastic IV bottle (not shown), a glass IV bottle (not shown), etc. Any suitable fluid for intravenous administration to a subject may be provided as the first IV fluid.
- the first IV fluid is a solution including saline (e.g. 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl)).
- the first IV fluid is a solution including dextrose (e.g. 5% dextrose).
- the first IV fluid is a solution including heparin.
- the first IV fluid is a solution including one or more additives.
- a first IV fluid solution may include electrolytes such as, for example, lactated Ringer's solution , and/or vitamins.
- the first IV fluid is a solution including saline and dextrose.
- IV fluid administration system 200 may include a drip chamber 220, a roller clamp such as, for example, thumb wheel regulator (TWR) 230, tubing 252 upstream of drip chamber 220, between drip chamber 220 and TWR 230, and downstream of TWR 230, a stopcock 240, and a stand 290 configured to support and retain the first IV fluid source 210 at an appropriate height above the subject (not shown) to effect the gravity flow of the first IV fluid to the subject.
- Any suitable tubing may be provided as tubing 252 such as, for example, flexible, plastic tubing.
- vented tubing may be utilized.
- an air vent (not shown) is included above drip chamber 220.
- a spike (not shown) is included above drip chamber 220, and at an upper or proximal end of tubing 252, to initiate the flow of the first IV fluid from the first IV fluid source (e.g. IV fluid bag 210).
- stopcock 240 is not included in IV fluid
- a lower or distal end of tubing (not shown) downstream of stopcock 240 is connected to a vascular access device (not shown), such as, for example, a needle (e.g. a butterfly needle), a peripherally inserted central catheter, an over-the-needle catheter, a central venous catheter, a cannula, etc., that is inserted into a vein of the subject (not shown) to administer IV fluids.
- a vascular access device such as, for example, a needle (e.g. a butterfly needle), a peripherally inserted central catheter, an over-the-needle catheter, a central venous catheter, a cannula, etc., that is inserted into a vein of the subject (not shown) to administer IV fluids.
- the vein is a cephalic, basilica, or median cubital vein in the hand or forearm of a subject.
- a male or female adapter connects the lower or distal end of tubing (not shown) to a female or male hub of a vascular access device (not shown).
- a locking collar can be utilized to further secure the connection between a lower or distal end of tubing (not shown) and hub of a vascular access device (not shown).
- IV fluid administration system 200 includes a pressure-operated valve 270.
- pressure-operated valve 270 is configured to operate in fluid communication with first IV fluid source 210, illustrated as upstream from pressure-operated valve 270 via tubing 252, and a reservoir pump 260, also illustrated as upstream from pressure-operated valve 270 via tubing 256.
- pressure-operated valve 270 includes male and/or female ends to connect to an end of upstream tubing 252 and an end of downstream tubing 252.
- a male and/or female adapter may be utilized to connect pressure- operated valve 270 to an end of upstream tubing 252 and an end of downstream tubing 252.
- reservoir pump 260 is configured to automatically refill itself with a second IV fluid from a second upstream IV fluid source.
- reservoir pump 260 includes male and/or female ends to connect to an end of upstream tubing 254 and an end of downstream tubing 252.
- a male and/or female adapter may be utilized to connect pressure-operated valve 270 to an end of upstream tubing 252 and an end of downstream tubing 256.
- the first and second upstream fluid sources may be the same source (e.g. IV fluid bag 210) and the first and second fluids may be the same type of fluid (e.g. a solution including saline).
- the second upstream fluid source may be a different fluid source (not shown) than the first upstream fluid source (e.g. IV fluid bag 210).
- the second fluid may be a different type of fluid than the first fluid.
- the first fluid may be a solution including saline and dextrose
- the second fluid may be a solution including heparin.
- IV fluid administration system 200 includes an observation chamber 265 that is configured to operate in fluid communication with an upstream IV fluid source (e.g. IV fluid bag 210) and reservoir pump 260, and to provide an indication that, during operation, the chamber 265, tubing disposed between the chamber 265 and the reservoir pump 260 (e.g. tubing 254), and the reservoir pump 260, are filled with IV fluid.
- observation chamber 265 includes a viewing window or port that permits an operator to observe the level of second IV fluid in chamber 265 and tubing disposed between the chamber 265 and the reservoir pump 260 (e.g. tubing 254).
- the viewing window or port is graduated to indicate a precise amount of fluid contained in observation chamber 265, in
- reservoir pump 260 is configured to operate in fluid communication with an upstream IV fluid source (e.g. IV fluid bag 210) and a downstream pressure-operated valve 270.
- reservoir pump 260 is configured to dispense IV fluid at a fluid pressure into pressure- operated valve 270 via tubing 256 and to automatically refill itself with IV fluid from the upstream IV fluid source (e.g. IV fluid bag 210).
- reservoir pump 260 dispenses a predetermined amount of IV fluid into tubing 256 and pressure- operated valve 270 when operated. Any suitable reservoir pump may be utilized to dispense IV fluid at a fluid pressure into tubing 256 and pressure-operated valve 270.
- reservoir pump 360 is connected to tubing 254 and tubing 256.
- reservoir pump 360 includes a plunger assembly including a handle 361 and spring 364 operably coupled to a piston 362 positioned within reservoir pump chamber 363.
- reservoir pump chamber 363 is cylindrically-shaped; however, any suitable shape can be utilized for reservoir pump chamber 363.
- reservoir pump chamber 363 is formed from a hard plastic material such as, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrenes, acrylic polymers, or methacrylic polymers.
- reservoir pump chamber 363 is formed from glass.
- Reservoir pump 360 may include check valves 366a and 366b.
- reservoir pump 360 includes a normally open swing check valve 366a and a normally closed swing check valve 366b.
- Any suitable check valve may be utilized for check valves 366a and 366b.
- a swing check valve, lift check valve, wafer check valve, disc check valve, flapper check valve, inline check valve, ball check valve, etc. may be utilized.
- IV fluid from an upstream IV fluid source e.g. IV fluid bag 210) is received into reservoir pump 360 via tubing 354 until reservoir pump chamber 363 is filled.
- FIG. 3B a plan view of an example of a reservoir pump dispensing fluid to a downstream fluid sink according to some embodiments is provided.
- reservoir pump 60 is configured to dispense IV fluid at a fluid pressure into downstream tubing 356.
- spring 364 is biased to drive piston 362 into reservoir pump chamber 363 (e.g. laterally) to pressurize the IV fluid in reservoir pump chamber 363.
- the pressurized IV fluid shuts normally opened check valve 366a and opens normally closed check valve 366b to dispense pressurized IV fluid into tubing 356 via check valve 366b.
- an operator e.g. a clinician
- handle 361 may grasp reservoir pump 360 and depress handle 361 to initiate a flushing operation.
- handle 361 is depressed to fully extend piston 362 through the reservoir pump chamber 363 with a biasing force of spring 364 to fully dispense the IV fluid contained therein into tubing 356 at a fluid pressure.
- handle 361 may be depressed to only partially extend piston 364 through the reservoir pump chamber 363 such that only a portion of the IV fluid contained therein is dispensed into tubing 356 at a fluid pressure.
- reservoir pump chamber 363 is graduated to identify a precise amount of IV fluid contained therein and/or to provide an indication of the precise amount of fluid dispensed during operation thereof.
- spring 364 automatically biases the handle outwardly to carry the piston 362 back through reservoir pump chamber 363 to its fully retracted position (e.g. Figure 3 A), check valve 366a re-opens, and check valve 366b re-shuts.
- IV fluid from the upstream IV fluid source e.g. IV fluid bag 210 is received into reservoir pump 360 via tubing 354 until reservoir pump chamber 363 is re-filled.
- FIGS. 3C and 3E respective plan views of an example of a reservoir pump including an adjustable filling volume and receiving fluid from an upstream fluid source according to some embodiments is provided.
- a portion of reservoir pump chamber 363 is externally threaded to engage with an internally threaded external device 367 (e.g. internally threaded external cylinder, nut, ring, flange, etc.) such that threading of the external device 367 onto reservoir pump chamber 363 adjusts the retracted position of piston 362 within reservoir pump chamber 363 to adjust its filling volume.
- an internally threaded external device 367 e.g. internally threaded external cylinder, nut, ring, flange, etc.
- additional threading of external device 367 onto reservoir pump chamber 363 further adjusts the retracted position of piston 362 within reservoir pump chamber 363 to adjust its filling volume.
- IV fluid from an upstream IV fluid source e.g. IV fluid bag 210 is received into reservoir pump 360 via tubing 354 until the adjusted volume of reservoir pump chamber 363 is filled.
- Figure 3D provides a plan view of an example of a reservoir pump including an adjustable filling volume and dispensing fluid to a downstream fluid sink according to some embodiments.
- spring 364 automatically biases the handle 361 outwardly to carry the piston 362 back through reservoir pump chamber 363 to its adjusted retracted position (e.g. Figure 3C), check valve 366a re-opens, and check valve 366b re-shuts.
- IV fluid from the upstream IV fluid source e.g.
- reservoir pump 460 is connected to tubing 454 and tubing 456, and may include check valves 466a and 466b, as described, for example, in Figures 3A-3D.
- reservoir pump 460 may include a bellows 469. In various embodiments, bellows 469 is elastically deformable.
- bellows 469 is formed from a compressible, elastomeric material, such as polyisoprene rubber. In some embodiments, bellows 469 is formed from, for example, low density polyethylene, polypropylene, or a thermoplastic elastomer. [0059] As shown in Figure 4 A, with bellows 469 in its fully released position, check valve 466a in a normally opened position, and check valve 466b in a normally closed position, IV fluid from an upstream IV fluid source (e.g. IV fluid bag 210) is received into bellows 469 via tubing 454 until bellows 469 is filled.
- an upstream IV fluid source e.g. IV fluid bag 2
- bellows 469 may be compressed to shut normally opened check valve 466a, open normally closed check valve 466b, and dispense pressurized IV fluid into tubing 456 via check valve 466b.
- an operator e.g. a clinician
- bellows 469 when bellows 469 is released, it will automatically expand and return to its decompressed form which reopens check valve 466a, and re-shuts check valve 466b.
- FIG. 4B a plan view of an example of a reservoir pump including an adjustable filling volume and receiving fluid from an upstream fluid source according to some embodiments is provided.
- a compression device 480 e.g. clamp, ring, flange, locking collar, etc.
- FIG. 4B shows that with compression device 460 installed surrounding a portion of bellows 469, check valve 466a in a normally opened position, and check valve 466b in a normally closed position, IV fluid from an upstream IV fluid source (e.g. IV fluid bag 210) is received into reservoir pump 460 via tubing 454 until bellows 469 is filled.
- an upstream IV fluid source e.g. IV fluid bag 2
- the filled portion of bellows 469 may be compressed to shut normally opened check valve 466a, open normally closed check valve 466b, and dispense pressurized IV fluid from the adjusted filling volume of bellows 469 into tubing 456 vi check valve 466b.
- this portion of bellows 469 when this portion of bellows 469 is released, it will automatically expand and return to its decompressed form which re-opens check valve 466a, and re-shuts check valve 466b.
- pressure- operated valve 270 is configured to, during operation, pass therethrough to tubing downstream (e.g. tubing 258) of the pressure-operated valve 270, under a first pressure condition, the first IV fluid from the upstream first fluid source (e.g. IV fluid bag 210), and, during operation, pass therethrough to the tubing downstream (e.g. tubing 258) of the pressure- operated valve 270, under a second pressure condition, the second IV fluid from the upstream reservoir pump 260, where the second pressure condition is a condition of higher pressure than the first pressure condition.
- the first pressure may be the fluid pressure of gravity-fed first IV fluid entering pressure-operated valve 270 via tubing 252
- the second pressure may be the fluid pressure of pressurized second IV fluid from reservoir pump 260 entering pressure-operated valve 270 via tubing 256.
- Any suitable pressure-operated valve 270 may be utilized to selectively dispense either the first IV fluid (e.g. gravity-fed from IV fluid bag 210 via tubing 252) or the second IV fluid (e,g, from reservoir pump 260 via tubing 256) to downstream tubing 258 based on a pressure condition within pressure- operated valve 270.
- pressure- operated valve 270 is set at a threshold pressure such that, when such threshold pressure is met and/or exceeded, second IV fluid (e.g. dispensed from reservoir pump 260 via tubing 256), rather than first IV fluid (e.g. gravity-fed from IV fluid bag 210 via tubing 252), is passed therethrough and dispensed to downstream tubing 258.
- pressure-operated valve 570 is connected to tubing 252, tubing 258, and tubing 256.
- pressure-operated valve 570 includes a spring 574 operably coupled to a piston 572.
- piston 574 may be generally "T" shaped in cross section including a longitudinal rod portion that is operably coupled to spring 574 and a transversal rod portion disposed above the same. Any suitable shape may be provided for piston 572 and spring 574.
- spring 574 is biased at a pre-determined threshold pressure for pressure- operated valve 570.
- second IV fluid pressure from reservoir pump 260 and via tubing 256 is minimal; thus, spring 574 is biased to extend piston 572 toward tubing 256 and first IV fluid gravity-fed from upstream first IV fluid source (e.g. IV fluid bag 210) via tubing 252 is passed through pressure-operated valve 570 and into downstream tubing 258.
- first IV fluid source e.g. IV fluid bag 210
- FIG. 5B a plan view of an example of a pressure- operated valve under a second pressure condition according to some embodiments is provided.
- a reservoir pump-use operation e.g. a flushing operation
- pressurized second IV fluid is received from reservoir pump 260 and into pressure-operated valve 570 via tubing 256.
- the reservoir pump-use operation e.g. a flushing operation
- pressurized second IV fluid applies a fluid pressure to piston 572.
- piston 572 compresses spring 574 to reposition the transversal rod portion of piston 572 to block fluid flow from tubing 252 and provide fluid communication between the inlet from tubing 256 and the outlet to tubing 258.
- spring 574 biases piston 572 back toward tubing 256 to re-open the inlet from tubing 252, provide fluid
- FIG. 5C is a plan view of an example of a pressure- operated valve under a first pressure condition according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- pressure-operated valve 570 is connected to tubing 252, tubing 258, and tubing 256, and includes a spring 574 operably coupled to a piston 572 as described above for Figures 5A-5B.
- pressure-operated valve 570 may include a port connector 575 such as, for example, a luer lock connector.
- pressure-operated valve 570 may include a male or female connector end to connect to an end of a port connector 575.
- port connector 575 may be integral to pressure-operated valve 570.
- a female end of port connector 575 (e.g. luer lock connector) serves as a connection point through which a third IV fluid (e.g. drug, antibiotic, anesthetic, etc.) is introduced at a fluid pressure into pressure-operated valve 570 (e.g. via a syringe (not shown)).
- a third IV fluid e.g. drug, antibiotic, anesthetic, etc.
- Figure 5D is a plan view of an example of a pressure-operated valve under a first pressure condition according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
- pressure-operated valve 570 is connected to tubing 252, tubing 258, and tubing 256.
- pressure-operated valve 570 includes one or more check valves.
- pressure-operated valve 570 may include a check valve positioned within the valve inlet from tubing 252.
- pressure-operated valve 570 may include a check valve positioned within the valve inlet from tubing 252 and a check valve within the valve outlet to tubing 258.
- pressure-operated valve 570 includes a normally open swing check valve 576 within the valve inlet from tubing 252 and a normally open disc check valve 577 within the valve outlet to tubing 258. Any suitable check valve may be utilized as check valve 576 and check valve 577.
- second IV fluid pressure from reservoir pump 260 and via tubing 256 is minimal; thus, first IV fluid gravity- fed from upstream first IV fluid source (e.g. IV fluid bag 210) via tubing 252 is passed through pressure-operated valve 570 and into downstream tubing 258.
- pressure-operated valve 570 includes a check valve (not shown) positioned within the valve inlet from tubing 256.
- pressurized second IV fluid applies a fluid pressure to shut check valve 576.
- check valve 576 shuts to block fluid flow from tubing 252 and provide fluid communication between the inlet from tubing 256 and the outlet to tubing 258 via check valve 577.
- check valve 576 re-opens to re-open the inlet from tubing 252, and provide fluid communication between the inlet from tubing 252 and the outlet to tubing 258 via check valve 577.
- luer lock connector may apply a fluid pressure to check valve 576 and, as described above for Figure 5E and the second IV fluid from reservoir pump 260 via tubing 256, when the fluid pressure received via port connector 575 is at or exceeds a threshold pressure of check valve 576, check valve 576 shuts to block fluid flow from tubing 252 and provide fluid communication between the inlet from tubing 256 and the outlet to tubing 258 via check valve 577.
- check valve 576 re-opens to re-open the inlet from tubing 252, and provide fluid communication between the inlet from tubing 252 and the outlet to tubing 258 via check valve 577.
- IV fluid administration system 600 includes a first pressure operated valve 670a as described above for pressure operated valve 270 (570) for Figures 2, 5A-5F.
- first pressure operated valve 670a as described above for pressure operated valve 270 (570) for Figures 2, 5A-5F.
- IV fluid administration system 600 includes a first reservoir pump 660a, and tubing 656a between first reservoir pump 660a and first pressure operated valve 670a, as described above for reservoir pump 260 (360, 360) for Figures 2, 3A-4B and pressure operated valve 270 (570) for Figures 2, 5A-5F.
- IV fluid administration system 600 includes a first observation chamber 665a, and tubing 654a between first reservoir pump 660a and first observation chamber 665a, as described above for observation chamber 265 and reservoir pump 260 (360, 360) for Figures 2, 3A- 4B.
- first IV fluid source 610a and the IV fluid source of first reservoir pump 660a are different IV fluid sources as described above for Figure 2.
- first IV fluid source 610a and the IV fluid source of first reservoir pump 660a are the same IV fluid source (610a).
- the inventor has determined that his solutions described herein are easily scalable such that numerous different IV fluids can be injected and flushed efficiently, cost-effectively, and accurately. For example, as shown in Figure 6, IV fluid
- administration system 600 may include an another upstream IV fluid source 610b and another upstream reservoir pump 660b configured to automatically refill itself with a third IV fluid from the another upstream IV fluid source 610b as described above for reservoir pump 260 (360, 460) for Figures 2, 3 A-4B.
- first IV fluid source 610a and the IV fluid source 610b of second reservoir pump 660b are different IV fluid sources.
- first IV fluid source 610a and the IV fluid source 610b of second reservoir pump 660b are the same IV fluid source (not shown).
- IV fluid administration system 600 includes a second observation chamber 665b that is configured to operate in fluid communication with the another upstream IV fluid source 610b and the another upstream reservoir pump 660b, and to provide an indication that, during operation, the second chamber 665b, tubing disposed between the chamber 665b and the another upstream reservoir pump 660b (e.g. tubing 654b), and the another upstream reservoir pump 660b, are filled with IV fluid, as described above for observation chamber 265 and reservoir pump 260 (360, 360) for Figures 2, 3A-4B.
- a second observation chamber 665b that is configured to operate in fluid communication with the another upstream IV fluid source 610b and the another upstream reservoir pump 660b, and to provide an indication that, during operation, the second chamber 665b, tubing disposed between the chamber 665b and the another upstream reservoir pump 660b (e.g. tubing 654b), and the another upstream reservoir pump 660b, are filled with IV fluid, as described above for observation chamber 265 and reservoir pump 260
- the another upstream reservoir pump 660b is configured to operate in fluid communication with the another upstream IV fluid source 610b and a downstream second pressure-operated valve 670b as described above for reservoir pump 260 (360, 360) for Figures 2, 3A-4B and pressure operated valve 270 (570) for Figures 2, 5A-5F.
- the another upstream reservoir pump 660b is configured to dispense IV fluid at a fluid pressure into second pressure-operated valve 670b via tubing 656b and to automatically refill itself with IV fluid from the another upstream IV fluid source 610b as described above for reservoir pump 260 (360, 360) for Figures 2, 3A-4B and pressure operated valve 270 (570) for Figures 2, 5A-5F.
- the another upstream reservoir pump 660b dispenses a predetermined amount of IV fluid into tubing 656b and second pressure-operated valve 670b when operated. Any suitable reservoir pump may be utilized to dispense IV fluid at a fluid pressure into 656b and second pressure-operated valve 670b.
- IV fluid administration system 600 may include a second pressure-operated valve 670b that is configured to operate in fluid communication with the upstream first IV fluid source 610a (as described above for pressure-operated valve 270 (570) for Figures 2, 5A-5F) or the upstream reservoir pump 660a depending on which fluid is passing through upstream tubing 658a.
- second pressure-operated valve 670b is also configured to operate in fluid communication with another upstream reservoir pump 660b (as described above for reservoir pump 260 (360, 360) for Figures 2, 3A-4B and pressure operated valve 270 (570) for Figures 2, 5A-5F) that is configured to automatically refill itself with a third IV fluid from the another upstream IV fluid source 610b.
- neither the IV fluid source of first reservoir pump 660a (not shown) nor the IV fluid source of second reservoir pump 660b (610b) are the same IV fluid source as first IV fluid source 610a, In various embodiments, first IV fluid source 610a and the IV fluid source of first reservoir pump 660a are the same IV fluid source (610a) and the IV fluid source of second reservoir pump 660b (610b) is a different IV fluid source.
- second pressure-operated valve 670b is configured to pass therethrough to tubing 658b downstream of the second pressure-operated valve 670b, under a third pressure condition, the first fluid from the upstream first IV fluid source 610a (as described above for pressure-operated valve 270 (570) for Figures 2, 5A-5F) or the second fluid from the first upstream reservoir pump 660a, and also to, during operation, pass therethrough to the tubing 658b downstream of the second pressure-operated valve 670b, under a fourth pressure condition, the third IV fluid from the another upstream reservoir pump 660b (as described above for reservoir pump 260 (360, 360) for Figures 2, 3A-4B and pressure operated valve 270 (570) for Figures 2, 5A-5F), where the fourth pressure condition is a condition of higher pressure than the third pressure condition.
- the third pressure may be the fluid pressure of gravity-fed first IV fluid entering second pressure-operated valve 670b via tubing 658a
- the fourth pressure may be the fluid pressure of pressurized third IV fluid from another reservoir pump 660b entering second pressure-operated valve 670b via tubing 656b
- the third pressure may be the fluid pressure of pressurized second IV fluid from reservoir pump 660a entering second pressure-operated valve 670b via tubing 658a
- the fourth pressure may be the fluid pressure of pressurized third IV fluid from another reservoir pump 660b entering second pressure-operated valve 670b via tubing 656b.
- Any suitable pressure-operated valve 670b may be utilized to selectively dispense the first IV fluid (e.g. gravity-fed from IV fluid bag 610a via tubing 658a), the second IV fluid (e.g. from reservoir pump 660a via first pressure-operated valve 670a and tubing 658a), or the third IV fluid (e.g. from another reservoir pump 660b via tubing 656b) to downstream tubing 658b based on a pressure condition within second pressure- operated valve 670b.
- second pressure-operated valve 670b is set at a threshold pressure such that, when such threshold pressure is met and/or exceeded, third IV fluid (e.g.
- first IV fluid e.g. gravity- fed from IV fluid bag 610a via tubing 658b
- first IV fluid e.g. gravity- fed from IV fluid bag 610a via tubing 658b
- second pressure-operated valve 670b is set at a threshold pressure such that, when such threshold pressure is met and/or exceeded, third IV fluid (e.g. dispensed from another reservoir pump 660b via tubing 656b), rather than first IV fluid (e.g.
- manifold 790 includes a plurality of inter-connected pressure-operated valves (770a, 770b, 770c) that operate as described above for pressure-operated valve 270, first pressure-operated valve 670a, and/or second pressure-operated valve 670b for Figures 2, 5A-5F, and/or 6.
- manifold 790 is connected to tubing 752 and tubing 756a via first pressure operated valve 770a, to tubing 756b via second pressure operated valve 770b, and to tubing 756c, tubing 758, and port (e.g. luer lock connector) 775, via third pressure operated valve 770c.
- port 775 is configured to receive a needle of a syringe (not shown) as described above for port 575.
- each of the plurality of inter-connected pressure-operated valves (770a, 770b, 770c) includes one or more respective check valves (not shown) such as, for example, as described above for pressure-operated valve 270 for Figures 5D-5F,
- third pressure operated valve 770c may be
- first upstream reservoir pump e.g. reservoir pump 260 or 660a
- second upstream reservoir pump e.g. reservoir pump 660b
- a syringe via port 775 (e.g. luer lock connector)
- a third upstream reservoir pump via tubing 756c.
- third pressure operated valve 770c may be configured to, during operation, pass therethrough to tubing 758 downstream of the third pressure operated valve 770c, under a fifth pressure condition, the first IV fluid from the upstream first fluid source 610a (as described above for pressure-operated valve 270 (570) for Figures 2, 5A-5F) and also to, during operation, pass therethrough to the tubing 758 downstream of the third pressure operated valve 770c, under a sixth pressure condition, a fourth IV fluid from the syringe (as described above for reservoir pump 260 (360, 460) for Figures 2, 3 A-4B and port connector 575 for Figures 5C, 5F), where the sixth pressure condition is a condition of higher pressure than the fifth pressure condition.
- third pressure operated valve 770c may be configured to, during operation, pass therethrough to tubing 758 downstream of the third pressure operated valve 770c, under a fifth pressure condition, the first IV fluid from the upstream first fluid source 610a (as described above for pressure-operated valve 270 (570) for Figures 2, 5A-5F), the second IV fluid from the first upstream reservoir pump (e.g. 260 or 660a), or the third IV fluid from the second upstream reservoir pump (e.g. 260 or 660b), and also to, during operation, pass therethrough to the tubing 758 downstream of the third pressure operated valve 770c, under a sixth pressure condition, a fourth IV fluid from the third upstream reservoir pump (e.g.
- the sixth pressure condition is a condition of higher pressure than the fifth pressure condition.
- the fifth pressure may be the fluid pressure of gravity-fed first IV fluid entering second pressure- operated valve 670b via tubing 658a
- the sixth pressure may be the fluid pressure of pressurized fourth IV fluid from the third upstream reservoir pump (not shown) entering third pressure-operated valve 770c via tubing 756c or of pressurized fourth IV fluid from a syringe (not shown) entering third pressure - operated valve 770c via port 775.
- the fifth pressure may be the fluid pressure of pressurized second IV fluid from the first upstream reservoir pump (e.g. 260 or 660a) entering manifold 700 via tubing 756a or pressurized third IV fluid from the second upstream reservoir pump (e.g. 260 or 660b) entering manifold 700 via tubing 756b
- the sixth pressure may be the fluid pressure of pressurized fourth IV fluid from the third upstream reservoir pump (not shown) entering third pressure-operated valve 770c via tubing 756c.
- IV fluid administration system 800 includes a pressure operated valve 870 as described above for pressure operated valve 270 (570) for Figures 2, A-5F.
- IV fluid administration system 800 includes a reservoir pump 860, and tubing 856 between reservoir pump 860 and pressure operated valve 870, as described above for reservoir pump 260 (360, 360) for Figures 2, 3A-4B and pressure operated valve 270 (570) for Figures 2, 5A-5F.
- IV fluid administration system 800 includes tubing 854 between reservoir pump 860 and a source of a IV fluid 810 for reservoir pump 860, as described above for reservoir pump 260 (360, 360) for Figures 2, 3A-4B.
- first IV fluid source 810 and the IV fluid source of reservoir pump 860 are different IV fluid sources as described above for Figure 2.
- first IV fluid source 810 and the IV fluid source of reservoir pump 860 are the same IV fluid source 810a.
- IV fluid administration system 800 does not include a stopcock or an observation chamber between reservoir pump 860 and source of IV fluid 810 for reservoir pump 860.
- a flow chart illustrating a method 900 of flushing a line of an intravenous fluid administration system (e.g. IV fluid administration system 200, 600, 800) according to some embodiments is provided.
- a first IV fluid is introduced into tubing (e.g. tubing 258, tubing 858) configured to transport fluid for intravenous infusion to a subject.
- a reservoir pump e.g. reservoir pump 260, reservoir pump 860
- a pressure- operated valve e.g.
- the reservoir pump e.g. reservoir pump 260, reservoir pump 860
- the reservoir pump e.g. reservoir pump 260, reservoir pump 860
- the reservoir pump automatically fills itself with the predetermined amount of the second IV fluid from a source (e.g. source 210, source 810) upstream of the reservoir pump (e.g. reservoir pump 260, reservoir pump 860).
- the pressure-operated valve e.g. pressure-operated valve 270, pressure-operated valve 870
- the pressure-operated valve automatically reconfigures itself to receive a third IV fluid from a fluid source (e.g. source 210, source 810) upstream of the pressure-operated valve (e.g. pressure-operated valve 270, pressure- operated valve 870) and at a fluid pressure less than the threshold pressure.
- the first IV fluid is introduced (at block 910) via an inlet port (e.g. port
- the third IV fluid is a solution comprising saline and the first IV fluid comprises a drug or an antibiotic.
- a chamber 1070 including a plurality of connector ports, where at least the connector port configured to receive fluid from a gravity- fed IV fluid source is automatically operated, the time and cost necessary for using stopcocks is eliminated.
- FIGs 10A and 10B plan views of examples of a chamber according to some embodiments are provided.
- a chamber 1070 is provided including a plurality of connector ports 1071, 1072, 1073, 1074. While the illustrated embodiments show an example of a chamber 1070 with four (4) connector ports, a chamber 1070 including any suitable number of connector ports (e.g. three (3), five (5), six (6), etc.) may be selected and utilized.
- chamber 1070 may include a check valve 1076 downstream of connector port 1071.
- check valve 1076 is a normally open swing check valve.
- check valve 1076 is a normally open disc check valve. Any suitable check valve may be utilized for check valve 1076. For example, a swing check valve, lift check valve, wafer check valve, disc check valve, flapper check valve, inline check valve, ball check valve, etc. may be utilized.
- Each of the plurality of connector ports (1071, 1072, 1073, 1074) is configured to be operably coupled to an end of tubing or a valve connector.
- a connector port is configured to be operably coupled to a cover (e.g. a cap) to prevent contamination from entering chamber 1070 when the connector port is not otherwise operably coupled to an end of tubing or a valve connector.
- a cap may be screwed or snapped onto any connector port that is not otherwise operably coupled to an end of tubing or a valve connector.
- connector port 1072 may be configured to be operably coupled to cap 1092
- connector port 1074 may be configured to be operably coupled to cap 1094.
- valve connector may be operably coupled to a connector port of chamber 1070.
- the valve connector may include a needle-free valve, an aspiration valve, a trumpet valve, a normally closed check valve, a normally open check valve, a luer, and/or combinations thereof.
- valve connector may include a normally open check valve at one end and a normally closed check valve at the other end.
- engagement of one end of the valve connector with a connector port of chamber 1070 will automatically reposition the respective check valve at such end such that normally open check valve will be closed and normally closed valve will be opened.
- valve connector 1079 ( Figure IOC) includes a normally open check valve at one end, a normally closed check valve at the other end, a post 1081, and a post 1083.
- valve connector 1079, Figure IOC When an operator (e.g. a clinician) desires that both of the check valves in such a valve connector (e.g.
- valve connector e.g. 1079, Figure IOC
- the operator will operably couple the end of the valve connector (e.g. 1079, Figure IOC) with the normally open check valve to a connector port of chamber 1070. Engagement of such end with a connector port will operate post 1083 to close the normally open check valve.
- post 1083 will contact the hinged disc assembly and apply a force to close the normally open check valve as the respective end of the valve connector is engaged with the connector port.
- a plurality of the connector ports are respectively, operably, coupled to a respective end of tubing or a respective valve connector.
- a respective end of tubing or valve connector may be clamped, screwed, or snapped, on or into each of the plurality of connector ports.
- a locking collar may be used to operably couple a respective end of tubing or valve connector with one or more of the plurality of connector ports.
- each of the plurality of connector ports includes a respective male and/or female end to connect to an end of tubing or a valve connector.
- a respective male and/or female adapter may be utilized to connect of each the plurality of connector ports (1071, 1072, 1073, 1074) to an end of tubing or a valve connector.
- one or more of the plurality of connector ports are shaped to achieve a snap-on and snap-off engagement with ends of valve connectors.
- an end of a valve connector 1078 including a needle-free valve may be operably coupled to connector port 1074, an end of tubing 1052 may be operably coupled to connector port 1071, and an end of tubing 1058 may be operably coupled to connector port 1073, of chamber 1070.
- an end of valve connector 1079, including a normally closed check valve may be operably coupled to connector port 1074, an end of tubing 1052 may be operably coupled to connector port 1073, and an end of tubing 1058 may be operably coupled to connector port 1073, of chamber 1070.
- post 1081 of valve connector 1079 contacts the hinged disc assembly and applies a force to open the normally closed check valve as the respective end of the valve connector 1079 is engaged with the connector port 1072.
- a first part of valve connector may operably engage a second part of valve connector 1089.
- a valve connector 1089 may include a first part with a larger circumference than a circumference of a second part.
- a portion of the first part is internally threaded to threadably engage 1067 an externally threaded portion of the second part. Any suitable technique for operable engagement between the first and second part of valve connector 1089 may be utilized.
- first and second parts of valve connector 1089 may include a notch, ridge, rib, and/or threads to permit an operator to operate the valve connector between a first and a second position.
- the first part of valve connector 1089 may be operated between the first position and the second position by twisting the first part in a counter-clockwise or clockwise direction relative to the second part.
- a full rotation of a portion of the first part around a portion of second part is required to operate the valve connector between a first position and a second position.
- a partial rotation e.g. 1 ⁇ 4 rotation, 1 ⁇ 2 rotation
- a plurality of full rotations are required.
- a first part is pushed toward a second part and then twisted relative to the second part to operate the valve connector 1089 between a first position and a second position.
- valve connector 1089 is in a first position such that a check valve including plunger assembly 1085 is a normally open check valve.
- the proximal end of valve connector 1089 (relative to chamber 1070) may be operably coupled to connector port 1072 and the distal end of valve connector 1089 may be operably coupled to an end of tubing to receive IV fluid from an upstream source.
- IV fluid from an upstream source is permitted to flow through valve connector 1089 and past plunger assembly 1085 into chamber 1070 via connector port 1072.
- valve connector 1089 operably coupled to connector port 1072
- fluid pressure of IV fluid received into chamber 1070 via another connector port e.g. 1071, 1074, 1073 may operate to shut the normally open check valve in valve connector 1089 by operating plunger assembly 1085 to prevent the IV fluid from flowing toward the distal end (relative chamber 1070) of valve connector 1089.
- valve connector 1089 has been operated from the first position (illustrated in Figure 10F) to a second position (illustrated in Figure 10G) such that the check valve including plunger assembly 1085 is a normally closed check valve.
- the proximal end of valve connector 1089 (relative to chamber 1070) may be operably coupled to connector port 1072 and the distal end of valve connector 1089 may be operably coupled to an end of tubing to receive IV fluid from an upstream source.
- valve connector 1089 operably coupled to connector port 1072
- IV fluid from an upstream source and received via the distal end (relative chamber 1070) of valve connector 1089 is prevented from flowing through valve connector 1089 and past plunger assembly 1085 into chamber 1070 via connector port 1072 until the fluid pressure of such IV fluid exceeds a threshold biasing pressure of the spring of plunger assembly 1085.
- plunger assembly 1085 also prevents IV fluid received into chamber 1070 via another connector port (e.g. 1071, 1074, 1073) from flowing toward the distal end (relative chamber 1070) of valve connector 1089.
- chamber 1070 is configured to operate in fluid communication with an upstream first source of a first IV fluid (e.g. Figure 2 source 210, Figure 8 source 810) via a first one (e.g. 1071) of the plurality of connector ports of chamber 1070.
- a first IV fluid e.g. Figure 2 source 210, Figure 8 source 810
- a first one e.g. 1071
- Any suitable fluid for intravenous administration to a subject may be provided as the first IV fluid as described above for first IV fluid source of Figure 2.
- an end of tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 252, Figure 8 tubing 852 may be operably coupled to connector port 1071 of chamber 1070 such that chamber
- chamber 1070 receives the first IV fluid gravity fed from the first IV fluid source (e.g. Figure 2 source 210, Figure 8 source 810) via connector port 1071.
- chamber 1070 is configured to, during operation, pass therethrough the chamber 1070 to tubing downstream (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) of the chamber 1070, under a first pressure condition, the first IV fluid from the upstream first IV fluid source (e.g. Figure 2 source 210, Figure 8 source 810) via a second one (e.g. 1073) of the plurality of connector ports 1071, 1072, 1073, 1074.
- an end of tubing e.g.
- Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) may be operably coupled to connector port 1073 of chamber 1070, and an end of tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 252, Figure 8 tubing 852) may be operably coupled to connector port 1071 of chamber 1070.
- chamber 1070 may pass therethrough the first IV fluid gravity fed from the first IV fluid source (e.g. Figure 2 source 210, Figure 8 source 810) to tubing downstream (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) of the chamber 1070 via connector ports
- a third one (e.g. 1072) of the plurality of connector ports of chamber 1070 is configured to connect to an end of tubing or a valve connector such that, during operation, the chamber 1070 is configured to, under a second pressure condition higher than the first pressure condition, pass therethrough, to the tubing downstream (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) of the chamber 1070, a second IV fluid from a second IV fluid source via the third (e.g. 1072) and second (e.g. 1073) connector ports, to prevent flow of the first IV fluid into the tubing downstream (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) of the chamber 1070, and to prevent flow of the second IV fluid through the first connector port (e.g. 1071).
- the tubing downstream e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858
- an end of tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 256, Figure 8 tubing 856) may be operably coupled to connector port 1072, an end of tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) may be operably coupled to connector port 1073, and an end of tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 252, Figure 8 tubing 852) may be operably coupled to connector port 1071, of chamber 1070.
- an end of a valve connector including a normally closed check valve (e.g. 1079) may be operably coupled to connector port 1072 and an end of tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 256, Figure 8 tubing 856) may be operably coupled to the other end of the valve connector (e.g. 1079).
- the tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 256, Figure 8 tubing 856), or the valve connector (e.g. 1079), operably coupled to connector port 1072 is also operably coupled to a reservoir pump (e.g. Figure 2 reservoir pump 260, Figure 8 reservoir pump 860) configured to automatically refill itself with second IV fluid from a second upstream fluid source.
- a reservoir pump e.g. Figure 2 reservoir pump 260, Figure 8 reservoir pump 860
- the first IV fluid source e.g. Figure 6 source 610a
- the IV fluid source e.g. Figure 6 source 610b
- the reservoir pump e.g. Figure 6 reservoir pump 660b
- the first IV fluid source e.g.
- Figure 2 source 210, Figure 8 source 810) and the IV fluid source of the reservoir pump are the same IV fluid source (e.g. Figure 2 source 210, Figure 8 source 810) as described above for Figures 2 and 8.
- pressurized second IV fluid is received from a reservoir pump (e.g. Figure 2 reservoir pump 260, Figure 8 reservoir pump 860) and into chamber 1070 via tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 256, Figure 8 tubing 856) operably coupled to a connector port (e.g. 1072, 1074) and such connector port.
- the pressurized second IV fluid applies a fluid pressure to shut check valve 1076 of chamber 1070 as described above for check valves 366a, 466a, 576 for Figures 3B, 3D, 4A, 4B, 5E.
- an end of a valve connector including a normally closed check valve e.g. 1079
- the selected connector port e.g. 1072, 1074
- the end of tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 256, Figure 8 tubing 856
- the pressurized second IV fluid applies a fluid pressure to open the normally closed check valve of the valve connector (e.g. 1079) as described above for check valves 366b, 466b for Figures 3B, 3D, 4A, and 4B.
- reservoir pump e.g. Figure 2 reservoir pump 260, Figure 8 reservoir pump 860
- tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 256, Figure 8 tubing 856
- the selected connector port e.g.
- check valve 1076 reopens to re-open the inlet from upstream tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 252, Figure 8 tubing 852) and the selected connector port (e.g. 1071), and provide first IV fluid
- an end of a valve connector including a needle free valve (e.g. 1078) or a luer lock (not shown) may be operably coupled to connector port 1074
- an end of tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858
- an end of tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 252, Figure 8 tubing 852
- pressurized second IV fluid injected via a syringe (not shown) inserted into a male luer in the valve connector (e.g.
- 1078 (including a needle free valve or a luer lock), and into chamber 1070 via the selected connector port (e.g. 1072, 1074), may apply a fluid pressure to shut check valve 1076 of chamber 1070 as described above for check valves 366a, 466a, 576 for Figures 3B, 3D, 4A, 4B, 5E.
- check valve 1076 shuts to block first IV fluid flow from upstream tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 252, Figure 8 tubing 852) and the selected connector port (e.g. 1071), and to provide second IV fluid communication between the valve connector inlet via the selected connector port (e.g. 1072, 1074) and the outlet to downstream tubing (e.g.
- Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) via selected connector port e.g. 1073.
- check valve 1076 re-opens to re-open the inlet from upstream tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 252, Figure 8 tubing 852) and the selected connector port (e.g. 1071), and provide first IV fluid communication between the inlet from upstream tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 252, Figure 8 tubing 852) and the selected connector port (e.g. 1071) and the outlet to downstream tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) via selected connector port (e.g.
- a flushing operation using reservoir pump can be initiated via tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 256, Figure 8 tubing 856) and another selected connector port (e.g. 1074, 1072) as described above.
- a fourth one (e.g. 1074) of the plurality of connector ports of chamber 1070 is configured to connect to an end of tubing or a valve connector such that, during operation, the chamber 1070 is configured to, under a third pressure condition higher than the first pressure condition, pass therethrough, to the tubing downstream (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) of the chamber 1070, a third IV fluid from a third IV fluid source via the fourth (e.g. 1074) and second (e.g. 1073) connector ports, to prevent flow of the first IV fluid into the tubing downstream (e.g.
- Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) of the chamber 1070 and to prevent flow of the third IV fluid through the first connector port (e.g. 1071).
- an end of tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 256, Figure 8 tubing 856
- an end of tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858
- an end of tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 252, Figure 8 tubing 852
- an end of tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 252, Figure 8 tubing 852
- an end of a valve connector including a normally closed check valve e.g. 1079
- an end of tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 256, Figure 8 tubing 856
- an end of tubing (e.g. Figure 6 tubing 656a) may be operably coupled to the selected connector port 1074, an end of tubing (e.g. Figure 6 tubing 656b) may be operably coupled to connector port 1072, an end of tubing (e.g.
- Figure 6 tubing 652) may be operably coupled to connector port 1071, and an end of tubing (e.g. Figure 6 tubing 658b) may be operably coupled to connector port 1073, of chamber 1070.
- a plurality of connector ports of chamber 1070 can receive respective gravity-fed IV fluids from respective IV fluid sources.
- an end of tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 252, Figure 8 tubing 852
- another end of tubing may be operably coupled to another selected connector port (e.g.
- the another end of tubing may be operably coupled to the another selected connector port (e.g. 1074) via a valve connector.
- the valve connector may include a check valve (e.g. a normally open check valve).
- an end of tubing may be operably coupled to connector port 1071 to receive a first IV fluid gravity-fed from an IV fluid source (e.g. Figure 2 IV fluid bag 210, Figure 8 IV fluid bag 810) via connector port 1071 and check valve 1076, another end of tubing (not shown) may be operably coupled to connector port 1074 to receive a second IV fluid gravity-fed from another IV fluid source (not shown) via connector port 1074 and a valve connector including a normally open check valve, an end of tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) may be operably coupled to connector port 1073, and an end of tubing (e.g.
- Figure 2 tubing 256, Figure 8 tubing 856) may be operably coupled to the selected connector port 1074.
- pressurized third IV fluid is received from a reservoir pump (e.g. Figure 2 reservoir pump 260, Figure 8 reservoir pump 860) and into chamber 1070 via tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 256, Figure 8 tubing 856) operably coupled to connector port 1072 and such connector port 1072.
- the pressurized third IV fluid applies a fluid pressure to shut check valve 1076 of chamber 1070, and the check valve in the valve connector operably coupled to connector port 1074, as described above for check valves 366a, 466a, 576 for Figures 3B, 3D, 4A, 4B, 5E.
- a reservoir pump e.g. Figure 2 reservoir pump 260, Figure 8 reservoir pump 860
- tubing e.g.
- Figure 2 tubing 256, Figure 8 tubing 856) and connector port 1072 is at or exceeds a respective threshold pressure of check valve 1076 and the check valve in the valve connector operably coupled to connector port 1074, such check valves respectively shut to block first IV fluid flow from upstream tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 252, Figure 8 tubing 852) and connector port 1071 and to block second IV fluid flow from the upstream tubing operably coupled to connector port 1074, and to provide second IV fluid communication between the inlet from connector port 1072 and upstream tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 256, Figure 8 tubing 856) and the outlet to downstream tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) via connector port 1073.
- downstream tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858.
- an end of tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 256, Figure 8 tubing 856) may be operably coupled to the selected connector port 1074, an end of a valve connector including a needle free valve (e.g. 1078) or a luer lock (not shown) may be operably coupled to connector port 1072, an end of tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) may be operably coupled to connector port 1073, and an end of tubing (e.g. Figure 2 tubing 252, Figure 8 tubing 852) may be operably coupled to connector port 1071, of chamber 1070.
- a valve connector including a needle free valve e.g. 1078
- a luer lock not shown
- an end of tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858
- an end of tubing e.g. Figure 2 tubing 252, Figure 8 tubing 852 may be operably coupled to connector port 1071, of chamber 1070.
- the inventor has observed that utilizing a chamber including a plurality of connector ports, where at least the connector port configured to receive fluid from a gravity-fed IV fluid source is automatically operated, where any suitable number of connector ports may be selected and utilized, and where any suitable IV fluid sources and sinks can be operably coupled to such chamber via such connector ports and via any selected valve connector or selected tubing, his solutions described herein are easily scalable such that numerous different IV fluids can be injected and flushed efficiently, cost-effectively, and accurately.
- IV intravenous
- some embodiments include a source of a first IV fluid 11 10, a drip chamber 1 120, a roller clamp 1 130, tubing 1 152 downstream of roller clamp 1 130 as described above for Figures 2 and 10A-10E, a chamber 1 170 as described above for Figures 10A- 10E, and tubing 1158 downstream of chamber 1 170 as described above for Figures 2 and 10A-10E.
- IV fluid administration system 1100 does not include a stopcock.
- a flow chart illustrating a method 1200 of flushing a line of an intravenous fluid administration system is provided.
- a first IV fluid is introduced into a first connector port (e.g. 1072) of a chamber (e.g. 1070) comprising a plurality of connector ports (e.g. 1071, 1072, 1073, 1074) and at a fluid pressure exceeding a threshold pressure of the chamber.
- the first IV fluid includes a drug, an antibiotic, or an anesthetic.
- the threshold pressure of the chamber is a threshold pressure of a check valve (e.g. 1076) disposed downstream of a fourth connector port (e.g.
- the introducing step (at block 1210) automatically prevents the flow of the first IV fluid through the fourth connector port (e.g. 1071) of the chamber (e.g. 1070).
- the introducing step automatically shuts the check valve (e.g. 1076) disposed downstream of the fourth connector port (e.g. 1071) of the chamber (e.g. 1070) to prevent the flow of the first IV fluid through the fourth connector port.
- the first IV fluid is introduced into tubing (e.g. 1 158, Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) configured to transport IV fluid for intravenous infusion to a subject (not shown) via a second connector port (e.g. 1073) of the chamber.
- a second IV fluid is introduced into a third connector port (e.g. 1074) of the chamber (e.g. 1070) at a fluid pressure exceeding a threshold pressure of the chamber.
- the second IV fluid is a solution including saline.
- the introducing step includes operating a reservoir pump (e.g.
- Figure 2 reservoir pump 260, Figure 8 reservoir pump 860 upstream of the third connector port (e.g. 1074) of the chamber (e.g. 1070) as described above for Figures 2, 3A-4B, 8, and 10A-10E.
- the introducing step at block 1240)
- the introducing step automatically shuts the check valve (e.g. 1076) disposed downstream of the fourth c onnector port (e.g. 1071) of the chamber (e.g. 1070) to prevent the flow of the second IV fluid through the fourth connector port.
- the second IV fluid is introduced into tubing (e.g. 1158, Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) configured to transport IV fluid for intravenous infusion to a subject (not shown) via the second connector port (e.g. 1073) of the chamber.
- the method 1200 includes releasing a reservoir pump (e.g. Figure 2 reservoir pump 260, Figure 8 reservoir pump 860), operably coupled to the chamber (e.g. 1070) via the third connector port (e.g. 1074), such that the reservoir pump automatically fills itself with second IV fluid from a source (e.g. Figure 2 source 210, Figure 8 source 810) upstream of the reservoir pump, and such that the chamber
- a reservoir pump e.g. Figure 2 reservoir pump 260, Figure 8 reservoir pump 860
- the chamber e.g. 1070
- the third connector port e.g. 1074
- the chamber (e.g. 1070) automatically reconfigures itself to receive a third IV fluid from a fluid source (e.g. Figure 2 source 210, Figure 8 source 810) upstream of the chamber (e.g. 1070) and at a fluid pressure less than the threshold pressure of the chamber.
- the chamber receives the third IV fluid via the fourth connector port (e.g. 1071).
- the third IV fluid is a solution including saline.
- each of the introducing step (at block 1240) and the introducing step (at block 1210) automatically prevents the flow of the third IV fluid into the tubing (e.g.
- the introducing steps each automatically shut the check valve (e.g. 1076) disposed downstream of the fourth connector port (e.g. 1071) of the chamber (e.g. 1070) to prevent the flow of the third IV fluid through the check valve (e.g. 1076).
- the check valve e.g. 1076
- a flow chart illustrating a method 1300 is provided.
- a first one e.g. 1071 of a plurality of connector ports (e.g. 1071, 1072, 1073, 1074) of a chamber (e.g. 1070) is operably coupled to an upstream first source of a first IV fluid (e.g. 1110, Figure 2 source 210, Figure 8 source 810).
- a third one e.g. 1074 of the plurality of connector ports of the chamber (e.g. 1070) is operably coupled to an end of tubing or a valve connector as described above for Figures 10A-10E.
- the end of tubing or the valve connector is operably coupled to a reservoir pump (e.g. Figure 2 reservoir pump 260, Figure 8 reservoir pump 860) configured to automatically refill itself with the second IV fluid from a second upstream IV fluid source (e.g. Figure 2 source 210, Figure 6 source 610a or 610b, Figure 8 source 810) as described above for Figures 2, 3A-4B, 6, 8, and 10A-10E.
- a second upstream IV fluid source e.g. Figure 2 source 210, Figure 6 source 610a or 610b, Figure 8 source 810) as described above for Figures 2, 3A-4B, 6, 8, and 10A-10E.
- the first and second IV fluid sources are the same source (e.g. Figure 2 source 210, Figure 6 source 610a, Figure 8 source 810) and the first and second IV fluids are the same type of fluid.
- the first and second IV fluid sources are different sources (e.g.
- valve connector includes a luer.
- valve connector includes a needle-free valve, an aspiration valve, a trumpet valve, or a normally closed check valve.
- a pressure condition is evaluated as to whether a first pressure condition exists.
- the first IV fluid is passed through the chamber (e.g. 1070) to tubing downstream (e.g. 1058, 1 158, Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) of the chamber (e.g. 1070) via the first connector port (e.g. 1071) and a second one (e.g. 1073) of the plurality of connector ports of the chamber (e.g. 1070).
- a pressure condition is evaluated as to whether a second pressure condition higher than the first pressure condition exists.
- the second IV fluid is passed through the chamber (e.g. 1070) to tubing
- the first IV fluid is prevented from flowing into the tubing downstream (e.g. 1058, 1 158, Figure 2 tubing 258, Figure 8 tubing 858) of the chamber (e.g. 1070).
- the second pressure condition is determined to exist (at block 1340)
- the second IV fluid is prevented from flowing through the first connector port (e.g. 1071) of the chamber (e.g. 1070).
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US15/405,746 US9907946B1 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2017-01-13 | Apparatus and methods of dispensing fluid intravenously and flushing lines of intravenous fluid administration systems |
US15/405,776 US9770551B1 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2017-01-13 | Apparatus and methods of dispensing fluid intravenously and flushing lines of intravenous fluid administration systems |
PCT/US2017/063660 WO2018132188A1 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2017-11-29 | Apparatus and methods of dispensing fluid intravenously and flushing lines of intravenous fluid administration systems |
Publications (2)
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EP3568193A1 true EP3568193A1 (en) | 2019-11-20 |
EP3568193A4 EP3568193A4 (en) | 2020-07-29 |
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EP17891628.4A Withdrawn EP3568193A4 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2017-11-29 | Apparatus and methods of dispensing fluid intravenously and flushing lines of intravenous fluid administration systems |
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EP (1) | EP3568193A4 (en) |
CN (1) | CN110177597B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018132188A1 (en) |
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EP4181985A1 (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2023-05-24 | SHL Medical AG | Micro dosing device and method of assembly of the micro dosing device |
CN112121257B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2022-08-05 | 江苏爱朋医疗科技股份有限公司 | Automatic pressure relief infusion assembly and automatic pressure relief method |
GB202108288D0 (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-07-28 | Bespak Europe Ltd | Medicament dispensers, systems and methods |
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US5356379A (en) * | 1993-08-03 | 1994-10-18 | Vaillancourt Vincent L | Disposable ambulatory infusion pump assembly |
ATE378080T1 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2007-11-15 | Scott Lab Inc | DEVICE FOR PERFORMING IV INFUSION |
JP2005533545A (en) * | 2002-07-24 | 2005-11-10 | エム2・メディカル・アクティーゼルスカブ | Infusion pump system, infusion pump unit, infusion pump |
US7931612B2 (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2011-04-26 | Rosenblatt Associates, Llc | Bypass valve |
US7975721B2 (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2011-07-12 | John Hiebert | Fluid valve systems |
US20100076370A1 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2010-03-25 | Infusion Advancements, LLC. | Apparatus and methods for purging catheter systems |
-
2017
- 2017-11-29 CN CN201780081309.XA patent/CN110177597B/en active Active
- 2017-11-29 EP EP17891628.4A patent/EP3568193A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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EP3568193A4 (en) | 2020-07-29 |
CN110177597B (en) | 2022-05-17 |
CN110177597A (en) | 2019-08-27 |
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