EP3568026A1 - Procede et systeme de controle d'atmosphere de denrees - Google Patents
Procede et systeme de controle d'atmosphere de denreesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3568026A1 EP3568026A1 EP17832535.3A EP17832535A EP3568026A1 EP 3568026 A1 EP3568026 A1 EP 3568026A1 EP 17832535 A EP17832535 A EP 17832535A EP 3568026 A1 EP3568026 A1 EP 3568026A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stress
- peak
- stress marker
- amount
- oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23B7/148—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
- A23B9/16—Preserving with chemicals
- A23B9/18—Preserving with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23B9/20—Preserving with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3409—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23L3/3418—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an atmosphere control method, namely a method for controlling the preservation of foodstuffs in an enclosure.
- This type of process aims to calibrate including gae, temperature, pressure, around food, especially plant foods, to improve conservation and delay maximum putrefaction.
- the invention further relates to a computer program for the implementation of the method as well as a controller and an associated system.
- controlled atmosphere systems in which the amount of oxygen is maintained at 5%.
- controlled atmosphere systems inject dinitrogen and purify the CO 2 according to methods known per se.
- An object of the invention is to provide a method to better control the stress inducer content such as oxygen, to improve the conservation of food over time by limiting the loss of quality of food.
- the invention proposes a method for controlling the atmosphere of foodstuffs, in particular plant foods, in an enclosure, the process comprising steps of
- a peak of rhineas inductor said stress inducer being correlated to said stress marker so that the peak induces an increase in the amount of stress marker
- ⁇ establish in the enclosure, a stress inductor setpoint limiting the decrease in the amount of stress marker, the setpoint being different from said peak.
- this step comprises establishing in the enclosure, a stress inductor setpoint limiting the decrease in the amount of stress marker, the set point being above said peak to hollow or below said peak peak.
- the oxygen deficiency stress reaction prevents the farnesene molecule from oxidizing.
- This molecule is on the surface of the apple. When it oxidizes, it attacks the cell membrane of the upper layers of the fruit. In simple, this reaction to stress prevents poet-conservation and very destructive diseases like various "Scald” (scalds) or vitrescences in particular.
- the peak and the stress inducer setpoint are chosen to annihilate the respiratory process and thus limit the combustion of the energy reserves and annihilate the oxidation of ⁇ -farnesene, but without overly engaging the fermentative process without, however, having an impact on said qualities.
- control of the amount of stress marker makes it possible to adapt the process to specific conditions, in particular particular an accurate estimate of the process of fermentation or respiration.
- the method further comprises steps of
- the method further comprises steps of establishing in the chamber, a new stress inductor peak inducing an increase in the amount of stress marker prior to an opening of said enclosure; and / or the amount of stress marker is measured in the foodstuffs by means of at least one probe preferably introduced into at least one of the foodstuffs; and or
- the intensity of the peak and preferably that of the setpoint, are adjustable by a user; and or
- the stress marker is ethanol and the stress inducer is preferably dioxygen; and or
- the oxygen regulation is less than 2%, preferably less than 1%, more preferably 0.4%; and or
- At least one of said dioxygen peaks is less than 1%, preferably less than 0.5%, more preferably less than
- At least one of said oxygen peaks is 0.1 to 0.3%, preferably 0.2%, below the oxygen level;
- the threshold is greater than or equal to 90 ppm and less than or equal to 120 ppm, preferably approximately 110 ppm.
- the invention further relates to a computer program product comprising pieces of readable software code on a control unit such as a computer, configured to provide command instructions for performing the steps of the program. method according to the invention, when it is implemented by the control unit.
- Another subject of the invention relates to an automated device for controlling the atmosphere of commodities, in particular plant foods, comprising a computer program product according to
- the invention furthermore relates to a system for controlling the atmosphere of foodstuffs, in particular plant foods, the system comprising
- At least one ethanol measurement probe is provided.
- the invention may also relate to a method for controlling the atmosphere of foodstuffs, in particular plant foods, in an enclosure, the process comprising steps of
- a stress inductor setpoint limiting the increase in the amount of stress marker, the setpoint being below, in particular below, said peak.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of the process according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagram of the evolution from September 1 to March 31 of a stress inducer, in particular oxygen, and that of a fermentative stress marker, in particular ethanol
- FIG. 3 is a diagram of an atmosphere control system according to the invention.
- the present invention relates to an atmosphere control method, in particular for the conservation of plant foods 1, more particularly apples or pears.
- the process is particularly suitable for all varieties of apples and pears.
- the process is carried out in an enclosure 2 in which plant foods 1 are preserved.
- the enclosure 2 is in particular a refrigerated enclosure.
- the process according to the invention involves a stress marker which is preferably ethanol; and a stress inducer correlated with the stress marker.
- the stress inducer is preferably oxygen.
- the stress here is the annihilation of a breathing process and the commitment of a light fermentation process.
- Another stress marker can be envisaged in this configuration, such as, in particular, lactate or ethylene and another stress inducer such as in particular carbon dioxide. Lactate has the advantage of being soluble and more easily measurable.
- ethylene is a hormone-like molecule released by the apple during its breathing and ripening process, prevailing in the refrigeration chamber.
- the evolution of their quantity may be in the same direction or in a direction opposite to that of ethanol and oxygen without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the values are reversed in the same principle, for example the peaks are reversed.
- the peaks are hollow or apex, but preferably as illustrated in the figures.
- Control of parameters other than oxygen, such as other gases, temperature, pressure, humidity around food can be made according to the procedures known in themselves.
- these parameters are:
- the N 2 content is set at 3%.
- Nitrogen is preferably the gas used to expel oxygen and lower the oxygen content of the enclosure.
- Another parameter lowering the oxygen content is the respiration of food, which will allow in particular to consume all the oxygen contained in the refrigerated chamber to reach 0%, in order to achieve the peak stress.
- the chamber 2 is put into operation, for example according to a step (a).
- a peak of oxygen P - is established below the standard content for the preservation of foodstuffs, for example at a value is less than 1%, preferably less than 0.5%, more preferably 0.2% (by volume). These values are good for plant foods, especially apples.
- the values of P 1 depend on several parameters such as the state of the apple at harvest, its advanced or early maturity, the climatology, the terroir, the state of the orchards ..
- the thresholds of conservation relative to stress peaks depend on these parameters and also the variety, especially apple or pear. Indeed, different varieties of apples do not have the same reaction and conservation parameters. XI is the same for pears.
- the dioxygen peak makes it possible to rapidly and intensively annihilate the respiratory process and limit the consumption of carbohydrate reserves, while slightly engaging the fermentative process.
- the peak is established by applying a set oxygen at 0% until the oxygen content reaches the desired value.
- This first setpoint at 0% can be set in a second step (b).
- the decrease of the oxygen content can be identified by a step (c).
- the reached oxygen peak can be identified by a step (d).
- a quantity of stress marker in particular ethanol
- the monitoring preferably continuously, of the amount of ethanol makes it possible to verify whether the plant foods are in a respiratory or fermentation process, and to what extent they are involved in this process.
- this monitoring makes it possible to check the effectiveness of the oxygen peak for the foodstuffs considered in the particular situation, and to check whether it is necessary to further reduce the quantity of dioxygen.
- the monitoring of the oxygen which allows to use a setpoint at 0% and to check if the oxygen peak P_ is reached.
- the oxygen is correlated with ethanol
- verification of the oxygen content can be done by monitoring only the ethanol content, for example by weight, to check whether a peak of ethanol P 2 is reached.
- the peak of ethanol P 2 is greater than or equal to 100 ppm and less than or equal to 140 ppm, more preferably about 120 ppm.
- the operator can go up the, more particularly program the rise of the o2 rate slightly before the ethanol has reached 120 ppm.
- the fermentation process has a certain inertia that we can anticipate, namely the RCA, called early control regulation, not to rise too high in ethanol and exceed the planned measures. This avoids having extra stress.
- the operator can preferably go up, more particularly program the rise of, the setpoint of o2, even reaching the peak ethanol rise in 2 phases.
- An algorithm is preferably provided to automate this operation by limiting the risks.
- a peak of P 2 ethanol of a few ppm substantially translates an end of the respiratory process for the apples, without however the apples being too engaged in a process of respiration. Maintaining a constant but weak fermentary state thus makes it possible to maintain the quality of the apples because the energy reserves are consumed very slowly in the case of the fermentation, especially since ethanol resulting at a few ppm, for example 120 ppm, denotes an almost insignificant fermentation.
- P 1 the value of P 1 is variable depending on the food, especially depending on the variety of apple or pear. This value can reach SOOppm for the apple variety named "red" for example.
- the method then comprises a step comprising setting a C ⁇ 0 2> oxygen setpoint above the peak value.
- This step can be designated as a step (e).
- the atmosphere is maintained at this oxygen level C ( O2) ⁇
- the oxygen regulation allows to limit the ethanol drop and thus temporarily maintain the fermentation process while avoiding that the fruits pass completely into the fermentation process.
- the dioxygen set point C (O 2) is less than 2%, preferably less than 1%, more preferably about 0.4% (by volume). A deposit of 0.4% allows better conservation apples have a taste maintained in time for several months.
- the set point C (o2) may also be greater than 2% depending on the commodity, in particular the variety of apple or pear.
- the dioxygen peak P is at a value lower than that of the set point C (o 2 ), for example for a given plant commodity.
- a plant commodity with a C (o2) setpoint, different from that of apples, may be considered, in which case the peak may have a different value.
- the dioxygen peak P 1 is 0.1 to 0.3%, preferably 0.2%, below the oxygen level.
- the CO 2 maintenance range is 0.5% and 3%.
- a calibration can be performed for a given variety to the testing means.
- the variations may be in the same direction or in a direction opposite to that of oxygen and ethanol.
- a stress inducer whose amount must be increased to induce stress, and / or a stress marker that decreases during stress.
- the monitoring of the amount of stress marker can be used to identify at least one stress mark threshold Si below which commodities can be considered no longer sufficiently engaged in their fermentation process or return to a respiratory process.
- the threshold is lower than the peak of ethanol P 2 .
- the threshold Si is greater than or equal to 90 ppm and less than or equal to 120 ppm, preferably about 110 ppm.
- the threshold Sx can be identified as a step (f). Once this threshold Sx has been determined and reached, we can then establish in the chamber 2, a new stress inducer peak inducing: an increase in the amount of stress marker. In particular, it establishes in the chamber 2 a dioxygen peak less than the previous instruction.
- the new peak can be set by setting an oxygen set point to 0%, so in particular by returning to step (b), and so on.
- the new peak can be the same, ie of the same value, as the peak P 1 . previous or be different. Preferably, the same peak is used for simplicity.
- This instruction is preferably the same as the previous one (or the) for simplicity, but one can consider that it is different.
- the enclosure 2 it is possible for the enclosure 2 to be opened by an operator, for example to carry out measurements or verifications.
- This opening of the chamber 2 causes a sharp increase in the dioxygen content in the chamber 2 and harms the preservation of food because they would enter a respiratory process, especially if the last dioxygen peak was made several days before opening so that the amount of ethanol is slightly above the threshold.
- the method may comprise a step of establishing in the chamber 2, a new stress inductor peak inducing an increase in the amount of stress marker prior to an opening of said enclosure 2. More particularly , a new dioxygen peak P 1 is applied before the opening of the chamber 2. Preferably, this new peak is applied approximately 24 hours before the opening of the enclosure 2.
- the opening prediction step ⁇ PO for example in 24h, can be identified as a step (g).
- the peak P 1 can be applied according to "tapas (h)" t (i) similar to steps (b) and (e), respectively.
- the new peak may also be different from the previous peak P 1 in value.
- the amount of stress marker is measured in the foodstuffs by means of at least one probe 3 preferably introduced into the foodstuffs.
- the chamber 2 is associated with this probe 3 for the implementation of the invention.
- probe 3 is introduced into the flesh of plant foods 1 so as to measure the amount of stress marker locally.
- a probe in the food greatly increases the efficiency of the process because the probe is disposed closer to the flesh, namely near the place of production of ethanol in liquid form.
- the probe 3 may be an adaptation of an ElecFET sensor developed by the CNRS.
- probes 3 are used, for example two to four probes 3 or more - This makes it possible to be able to control different harvesting batches and to take into account the most sensitive reactions.
- the probe 3 can be coupled to a very high precision analyzer 4 that can be in the enclosure 2 or outside the enclosure 2.
- the measurement information of the probe 3 is preferably visible by operators.
- An analyzer 4 can also be coupled to several probes 3.
- a contact probe (not shown) can be used in particular to have a confirmation of the measurements.
- This contact probe is in contact with the commodity, in particular apple or pear.
- the intensity of the peak P 1 and preferably that of the setpoint can be adjusted by a user.
- a user can adjust these parameters to suit a particular situation and / or particular commodities, including the species of apple or a plant product different from apples.
- Another object of the invention relates to a computer program product particularly adapted for the implementation, preferably automatic, of the method as described above.
- the computer program product comprises pieces of software code readable on a control unit S such as a computer.
- the computer program product is configured to give control instructions for carrying out the steps of said method, when it is implemented by the control unit S.
- the program product is a loadable atmosphere control software in said control unit.
- the program product can operate with measurement data of the amount of stress marker and for example control sources 6 or expander gas in particular, to apply the setpoint of oxygen C (0 ; :) and / or the peak P 1 of stress inducer.
- the invention furthermore relates to an automated device for controlling the atmosphere of commodities, in particular plant foods, comprising a computer program product as described above.
- the controller comprises the control unit S and applies the control instructions.
- the invention further relates to a system for controlling the atmosphere of foodstuffs, in particular plant foods.
- the system comprises an enclosure 2, in particular a refrigerated enclosure, an automaton as described above, and a probe 3 for measuring ethanol.
- the method, the program, the automaton and the system according to the invention can each be added in addition to other usual systems as data confirmation or additional security. Indeed, this allows users to ensure that their usual system does not suffocate apples using for example the probe 3 and the automat according to the invention.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1750232A FR3061636A1 (fr) | 2017-01-11 | 2017-01-11 | Procede et systeme de controle d'atmosphere de denrees |
PCT/FR2017/053811 WO2018130759A1 (fr) | 2017-01-11 | 2017-12-22 | Procede et systeme de controle d'atmosphere de denrees |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3568026A1 true EP3568026A1 (fr) | 2019-11-20 |
Family
ID=59031051
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17832535.3A Pending EP3568026A1 (fr) | 2017-01-11 | 2017-12-22 | Procede et systeme de controle d'atmosphere de denrees |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3568026A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN110191644A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2017393023A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3050007A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3061636A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2018130759A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA201904530B (fr) |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL9402111A (nl) * | 1994-12-13 | 1996-07-01 | Inst Voor Agrotech Onderzoek | Stelsel voor het regelen van de luchtsamenstelling binnen een bewaarruimte voor ademende plantaardige produkten. |
NL2008346C2 (nl) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-08-28 | Amerongen Controlled Atmosphere Technology B V Van | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het regelen van de atmosfeer in een met land- en tuinbouwproducten gevulde ruimte. |
EP2918179B1 (fr) * | 2014-03-12 | 2016-10-12 | Isolcell S.p.A. | Appareil de commande pour cellules à atmosphère contrôlée pour le stockage de denrées périssables |
-
2017
- 2017-01-11 FR FR1750232A patent/FR3061636A1/fr active Pending
- 2017-12-22 AU AU2017393023A patent/AU2017393023A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-12-22 CN CN201780083205.2A patent/CN110191644A/zh active Pending
- 2017-12-22 EP EP17832535.3A patent/EP3568026A1/fr active Pending
- 2017-12-22 WO PCT/FR2017/053811 patent/WO2018130759A1/fr unknown
- 2017-12-22 CA CA3050007A patent/CA3050007A1/fr active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-07-10 ZA ZA2019/04530A patent/ZA201904530B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA3050007A1 (fr) | 2018-07-19 |
ZA201904530B (en) | 2022-05-25 |
WO2018130759A1 (fr) | 2018-07-19 |
CN110191644A (zh) | 2019-08-30 |
FR3061636A1 (fr) | 2018-07-13 |
AU2017393023A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
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