EP3536853A1 - Fibre lyocell à formation de bouloche réduite - Google Patents

Fibre lyocell à formation de bouloche réduite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3536853A1
EP3536853A1 EP18160143.6A EP18160143A EP3536853A1 EP 3536853 A1 EP3536853 A1 EP 3536853A1 EP 18160143 A EP18160143 A EP 18160143A EP 3536853 A1 EP3536853 A1 EP 3536853A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lyocell fiber
fibers
lyocell
pulp
mannan
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP18160143.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martina OPIETNIK
Karin KÄMPF
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lenzing AG
Original Assignee
Lenzing AG
Chemiefaser Lenzing AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lenzing AG, Chemiefaser Lenzing AG filed Critical Lenzing AG
Priority to EP18160143.6A priority Critical patent/EP3536853A1/fr
Priority to TW108107360A priority patent/TWI704258B/zh
Priority to CN201980017306.9A priority patent/CN111788349A/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2019/055563 priority patent/WO2019170740A1/fr
Publication of EP3536853A1 publication Critical patent/EP3536853A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/02—Synthetic cellulose fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/02—Synthetic cellulose fibres
    • D21H13/08—Synthetic cellulose fibres from regenerated cellulose

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lyocell fiber with decreased pill formation, a method for producing same as well as products comprising the lyocell fiber.
  • Lyocell fibers are known in literature and by experts as fibers with excellent fiber properties (tenacity, elongation and working capacity). The structure of the lyocell fibers leads to outstanding mechanical textile properties reflected in high tenacities in dry and wet state and good dimension stabilities.
  • the lyocell fiber is known by experts to show a relatively high fibrillation tendency tracing back to its high fibrillary crystalline structure. This fibrillation can on the one hand be used to generate specific effects on the finished fabric (such as peach skin, silk touch or soft denim). On the other hand this fibrillation can lead to pilling of fabrics and an unsightly optical appearance and touch.
  • US 8187422 describes a blend with fibrillated lyocell-microfibers and paper pulp to optimize cleaning performance of the final wipe product resulting in increased opacity and porosity and enhanced softness of the final product.
  • lyocell staple fibers can be fibrillated in an aqueous medium with low solid content using a disk refiner or a similar device.
  • a chemical pre-treatment is employed for such fibers as to fibrillate the fibers without any chemical pre-treatment would consume enormous amounts of energy and time.
  • US 8187422 discloses that the already fibrillated fibers (obtained from an external supplier) are processed to produce disposable wipes containing 25-75% of these fibrillated fibers.
  • Pilling tendency is a well-known challenge in mainly knits made of natural fibers (wholly or blends) with f.e. synthetic fibers. Pilling is formed by fibers sticking out from the yarn on the surface of the fabric, these fibers also tend to fibrillate first. These fibrillated bundles become intertwined and form pills. Its formation is induced by mechanical abrasion in wet conditions.
  • Schurz et al Macromolecular Symposia 1994, 83, 1, 273-289
  • Fink et al Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1473-1524
  • Periyasamy et al (Bangladesh Textile Today, 2012, 4 ).
  • Production conditions can be adapted or a chemical cross-linking step can be added to the production process.
  • WO 9214871 pH of spinning bath and washing fields below 8.5 leading to fiber with reduced fibrillation
  • WO 9735054 combination of different parameters leads to lower fibrillation - concentration of spinning dope, draw in the air gap, jet hole diameter
  • WO 9738135 combination of different parameters leads to lower fibrillation - length of air gap, spinning gas conditions, retention time in air gap
  • WO 9725462 addition of an aliphatic alcohol into the spinning bath and washing fields, optionally NaOH can be added as well.
  • the fibrillation tendency of the fiber can also be influenced by additives in the spinning dope.
  • WO 2015101543 describes a lyocell fiber with a decreased wet abrasion resistance and a specific location in the Hoeller graph produced from a mixture of two different high alpha content pulps.
  • US 8187422 discloses mixtures of lyocell fibers and low DP or standard DP cellulose pulp fibers with a CSF (Canadian Standard Freeness) of 250 ml or less, retaining the CSF values even after drying.
  • the pulp fibers account for 10-75% of total weight of fibers in the mixture.
  • the low DP pulp contains higher amounts of hemicelluloses, but is only added to the mixtures as a low DP pulp, without mentioning any relevance of the hemicellulose content.
  • the fibrillation tendency is measured using the CSF-method (Canadian Standard of Freeness) according to TAPPI Standard T227 om-94.
  • fibrillation which already occurred can be removed by enzymatic and/or mechanical treatment.
  • Zhang et al (Polymer Engineering and Science, 2007, 47, 702-706 ) describe fibers with higher hemicellulose contents. The authors postulate that the fibers tend to show an enhanced fiber fibrillation resistance, lower crystallinity and better dyeability. They also postulate that the tensile strength only decreases insignificantly and that the fiber properties could be even increased further by higher hemicelluloses concentrations in the spinning dope.
  • Zhang et al Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2008, 107, 636-641
  • Zhang et al Polymer Materials Science and Engineering, 2008, 24, 11, 99-102
  • Zhang et al disclose the same figures as the paper by Zhang (Polymer Engineering and Science, 2007, 47, 702-706 )
  • Zhang et al Chinese Synthetic Fiber Industry, 2008, 31, 2, 24-27
  • the fibers described in the paper by Zhang et al are produced with lab equipment not allowing the production of lyocell fibers in commercial quality (as for example drawing ratios, production velocities, after-treatment do not reflect scale-up qualities. These fibers not being produced with sufficient after-treatment and with insufficient drawing therefore can be expected to show different structures and properties compared to the fibers produced at production scale.
  • the present inventors accordingly provide the fiber as defined in claim 1, the method for producing same as described in claim 12 and the use of a specific pulp for preparing the fibers as described in claim 9, as well as products containing same as defined in claim 16.
  • Preferred embodiments are described in the respective subclaims as well as in the specification.
  • Figure 1 shows the Fibrillation dynamics of two types of fibers.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show the Pilling area and Pilling count after 10 and 15 wash cycles for two types of fibers.
  • the lyocell fiber of the present invention having a decreased pill formation property can be obtained without need for chemical treatment, such as cross linking or other treatments considered necessary in the prior art.
  • the novel lyocell fibers may be prepared using a pulp having a high hemicellulose content.
  • the fiber in accordance with the present invention is a lyocell fiber with an decreased tendency for pill formation without requiring a chemical crosslinking treatment.
  • a preferred fiber in accordance with the present invention shows a reduced pill formation, measured as the pill count in accordance with the method as defined in example 3, of at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, such as up to 80%, compared to a standard Lyocell fiber with the same titer.
  • the standard fiber as referred to herein is a Lyocell fiber produced from a pulp as defined in example 1 as Standard Lyocell pulp.
  • the lyocell process is well known in the art and relates to a direct dissolution process of cellulose wood pulp or other cellulose-based feedstock in a polar solvent (for example N-methylmorpholine N-oxide [NMMO, NMO] or ionic liquids).
  • a polar solvent for example N-methylmorpholine N-oxide [NMMO, NMO] or ionic liquids.
  • NMMO, NMO N-methylmorpholine N-oxide
  • ionic liquids for example N-methylmorpholine N-oxide [NMMO, NMO] or ionic liquids.
  • the technology is used to produce a family of cellulose staple fibers (commercially available from Lenzing AG, Lenzing, Austria under the trademark TENCEL® or TENCELTM) which are widely used in the textile and nonwoven industry.
  • Other cellulose bodies from lyocell technology have also been produced.
  • the solution of cellulose is extruded in a so called dry-wet-spinning process by means of a forming tool and the moulded solution is guided for example over an air gap into a precipitation bath, where the moulded body is obtained by precipitation of the cellulose.
  • the molding is washed and optionally dried after further treatment steps.
  • Such lyocell fibers are well known in the art and the general methodology to produce same is for example disclosed in US 4,246,221 and its analytics in the BISFA (The International Bureau for the Standardization of Man-Made Fibers) publication "Terminology of Man-Made Fibres", 2009 edition. Both references are included herewith in their entirety by reference.
  • BISFA The International Bureau for the Standardization of Man-Made Fibers
  • lyocell fiber as employed herein defines a fiber obtained by this process, as it has been found that fibers in accordance with the present invention differ greatly from fibers for example obtained from a meltblown process, even if using a direct dissolution process of cellulose wood pulp or other cellulose-based feedstock in a polar solvent (for example N-methylmorpholine N-oxide [NMMO, NMO] or ionic liquids) in order to produce the starting material.
  • a polar solvent for example N-methylmorpholine N-oxide [NMMO, NMO] or ionic liquids
  • hemicelluloses refers to materials known to the skilled person which are present in wood and other cellulosic raw material such as annual plants, i.e. the raw material from which cellulose typically is obtained. Hemicelluloses are present in wood and other plants in form of branched short chain polysaccharides built up by pentoses and/or hexoses (C5 and / or C6-sugar units). The main building blocks are mannose, xylose, glucose, rhamnose and galactose. The back bone of the polysaccharides can consist of only one unit (f.e. xylan) or of two or more units (e.g. mannan).
  • hemicelluloses as known by the skilled person and as employed herein comprises hemicelluloses in its native state, hemicelluloses degraded by ordinary processing and hemicelluloses chemically modified by special process steps (e. g. derivatization) as well as short chain celluloses and other short chain polysaccharides with a degree of polymerization (DP) of up to 500.
  • DP degree of polymerization
  • Standard lyocell fibers are currently commercially produced from high quality wood pulps with high ⁇ -cellulose content and low non-cellulose contents such as hemicelluloses.
  • Commercially available lyocell fibers such as TENCELTMfibers produced from Lenzing AG, show excellent fiber properties for non-wovens and textile applications.
  • these lyocell fibers are either chemically treated using cross-linking agents, and/or adaptions of production conditions are done, being cost and/or technically intensive, or after-treatments (mechanical, enzymes) are employed to remove already generated fibrils.
  • a decrease pill formation is known to the expert as decreased pill count (number of pills per dm 2 ) or decreased pill area (mm 2 per dm 2 ).
  • the lyocell fiber presented in this invention show, in contrast to the presumption in the prior art a reduced pill formation despite showing an increased fibrillation tendency.
  • the inventors assume that the fibrils of the novel fibers described herein are stiffer compared to standard lyocell fibers and therefore do not form bundles and get intertwined with fibers sticking out on the surface of the yarns and form pills. These fibrils break off more easily due to their stiff nature during mechanical stress in the processing so that pill formation is significantly reduced.
  • the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the state of the art by providing lyocell fibers as described herein.
  • these are produced from hemicellulose-rich pulps with a hemicelluloses content of at least 7 wt.-%.
  • hemicellulose-rich pulps with a hemicelluloses content of at least 7 wt.-%.
  • high hemicellulose content surprisingly, for lyocell fibers, gives rise to a combination of an increased tendency to fibrillate while showing a decreased pill formation property.
  • the present invention surprisingly achieves the tasks as outlined above while using a cellulose based raw material with a higher hemicelluloses content, as compared for standard lyocell fibers. Since the present invention does not require the use of chemical treatments to achieve the desired decreased pill formation the process concerns discussed above can be overcome.
  • the pulps preferably employed in the present invention do show as outlined herein a high content of hemicelluloses. Compared with the standard low hemicellulose content pulp employed for the preparation of standard lyocell fibers the preferred pulps employed in accordance with the present invention do show also other differences, which are outlined below.
  • the pulps as employed herein display a more fluffy appearance, which results after milling (during preparation of starting materials for the formation of spinning solutions for the lyocell process), in the presence of a high proportion of larger particles.
  • the bulk density is much lower, compared with standard pulps having a low hemicellulose content.
  • This low bulk density requires adaptions in the dosage parameters (f.e. dosage from at least 2 storage devices).
  • the pulps employed in accordance with the present invention are more difficult to impregnate with NMMO. This can be seen by evaluating the impregnating behavior according to the Cobb evaluation.
  • the pulp employed for the preparation of the lyocell products, preferably fibers, as described herein has a scan viscosity in the range of from 300-440 ml/g, especially 320-420 ml/g, more preferably 320 to 400 ml/g.
  • the scan viscosity is determined in accordance with SCAN-CM 15:99 in a cupriethylenediamine solution, a methodology which is known to the skilled person and which can be carried out on commercially available devices, such as the device Auto PulplVA PSLRheotek available from psl-rheotek.
  • the scan viscosity is an important parameter influencing in particular processing of the pulp to prepare spinning solutions.
  • lyocell process and lyocell technology relate to a direct dissolution process of cellulose wood pulp or other cellulose-based feedstock in a polar solvent (for example N-methylmorpholine N-oxide [NMMO, NMO] or ionic liquids).
  • a polar solvent for example N-methylmorpholine N-oxide [NMMO, NMO] or ionic liquids.
  • the technology is used to produce a family of cellulose staple fibers (commercially available from Lenzing AG, Lenzing, Austria under the trademark TENCEL® or TENCELTM) which are widely used in the textile and nonwoven industry.
  • Other cellulose bodies from lyocell technology have also been produced.
  • the solution of cellulose is usually extruded in a so called dry-wet-spinning process by means of a forming tool and the moulded solution gets for example over an air gap into a precipitation bath, where the moulded body is obtained by precipitation of the cellulose.
  • the moulding is washed and optionally dried after further treatment steps.
  • a process for production of lyocell fibers is described, for instance, in US 4,246,221 , WO 93/19230 , WO95/02082 or WO97/38153 .
  • the fibrillation tendencies of the fibers are analyzed according to ISO 5267-1:1999 - determination of drainage - Part 1: Schopper-Riegler (SR) method and T227 om-94 Canadian standard method (CSF).
  • the SR method provides a degree of drainage velocity of a diluted cellulose fiber suspension.
  • the CSF relates to the freeness of the pulp and in the understanding of this invention is measured after 8 min mixing time.
  • the present invention provides fibers with completely different properties as with the higher hemicelluloses content the fibrillation tendency increases, while at the same time pill formation is reduced.
  • the fibers in accordance with the present invention are fibers produced using large scale production equipment, while the fibers described in the paper by Zhang et al are produced with lab equipment not allowing the production of lyocell fibers in commercial quality (as for example drawing ratios, production velocities, after-treatment do not reflect scale-up qualities).
  • the fibers, not being produced with sufficient after-treatment and with insufficient drawing therefore show different structure and properties compared to the fibers produced at production scale at titers reflecting market applications.
  • the content of hemicelluloses may be adjusted according to procedures known in the art.
  • the hemicellulose may be the hemicelluloses originating from the wood from which the pulp is obtained, it is however also possible to add individual hemicelluloses depending on the desired fiber properties from other sources to high purity cellulose with a low original hemicellulose content.
  • the addition of individual hemicelluloses may also be employed to adjust the composition of the hemicelluloses content, for example to adjust the ratio of hexoses to pentoses.
  • the pulp enabling the preparation of the fibers in accordance with the present invention preferably shows a ratio of C5/xylan to C6/mannan of from 125:1 to 1:3, preferably in the range of 25:1 to 1:2.
  • the hemicellulose content may be 7 wt.-% or more, preferable 10 wt.-% or more and in embodiments up to 25 wt.-% or even 30 wt.-%.
  • the xylan content is 5 wt.-% or more, such as 8 wt.-% or more, and in embodiments 10 wt.-% or more.
  • the mannan content is 3 wt.-% or more, such as 5 wt.-% or more.
  • the mannan content preferably in combination with a high xylan content as defined above, may be 1 wt.-% or less, such as 0.2 wt.-% or 0.1 wt.-% or less.
  • the hemicelluloses content in the fibers of the present invention generally is higher, as compared to standard lyocell fibers. Suitable contents are 7 wt.-% or more and up to 30 wt.-%.
  • the fiber in accordance with the present invention shows a ratio of C5/xylan to C6/mannan of from 125:1 to 1:3, preferably in the range of 25:1 to 1:2.
  • the xylan and/or mannan content the above provided embodiments described in relation with the pulp are applicable also for the fiber as such.
  • the fibers in accordance with the present invention typically have a titer of 9 dtex or less, such as 3.3 dtex or less, such as 2.2 dtex, depending on the desired application. If the fiber is intended to be used in non-woven applications a titer of 1.7 dtex or less, such as 1.3 dtex or less typically is suitable. However, the present invention also covers fibers with much lower titers, with suitable lower limits for titers being 0.5 dtex or higher, such as 0.8 dtex or higher, and in embodiments 1.3 dtex or higher. These upper and lower values as disclosed here define ranges of from0.5 to 9 dtex, and including all further ranges formed by combining any one of the upper values with any one of the lower values.
  • the fiber in accordance with the present invention may be prepared using lyocell technology employing a solution of cellulose and a spinning process employing a precipitation bath according to standard lyocell processes, known to the skilled person.
  • the fibers in accordance with the present invention may be employed for a variety of applications, including yarn formation and the preparation of knitted textiles, but also for the production of non-woven fabrics.
  • parameter values and ranges as defined herein in relation to fibers refer to properties determined with fibers derived from pulp and containing only additives, such as processing aids typically added to the dope as well as other additives, such as matting agents (TiO 2 , which often is added in amounts of 0.75 wt.-%), in a total amount of up to 1 wt.-% (based on fiber weight).
  • additives such as processing aids typically added to the dope as well as other additives, such as matting agents (TiO 2 , which often is added in amounts of 0.75 wt.-%), in a total amount of up to 1 wt.-% (based on fiber weight).
  • TiO 2 matting agents
  • the unique and particular properties as reported herein are properties of the fibers as such, and not properties obtained by addition of particular additives and/or post spinning treatments (such as fibrillation improving treatments etc.).
  • the fibers as disclosed and claimed herein may comprise additives, such as inorganic fillers etc. in usual amounts as long as the presence of these additives has no detrimental effect on dope preparation and spinning operation.
  • additives such as inorganic fillers etc.
  • the type of such additives as well as the respective addition amounts are known to the skilled person.
  • the 2 different fiber types were refined in an Andritz Laboratory plant 12-1C plate refiner (NFB, S01-218238) at a starting concentration of 6 g/l, 1400 rpm and 172 l/min flow rate.
  • the gap was fixed at 1 mm.
  • the lyocell fibers (1.3 dtex / 38 mm bright) produced according to example 1 were converted to Nm 50 ring yarns. These yarns were knitted on a Lawson&Hemphill FAK-S Sampler knitting machine, cylinder with 260 needles, 24 needles per inch, 54 gauge to produce knitted stockings. The samples were subjected to repeated washing cycles and evaluations of pill formation. In table 3 the results are reported, in relation with the pilling area as well as in relation with pilling count. The number of pillings was assessed using reference samples of EMPA Standard SN 198525 analogous to DIN EN ISO 12 945-2.
EP18160143.6A 2018-03-06 2018-03-06 Fibre lyocell à formation de bouloche réduite Withdrawn EP3536853A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18160143.6A EP3536853A1 (fr) 2018-03-06 2018-03-06 Fibre lyocell à formation de bouloche réduite
TW108107360A TWI704258B (zh) 2018-03-06 2019-03-06 毛球形成減少的萊纖纖維
CN201980017306.9A CN111788349A (zh) 2018-03-06 2019-03-06 具有减少起球的莱赛尔纤维
PCT/EP2019/055563 WO2019170740A1 (fr) 2018-03-06 2019-03-06 Fibre lyocell à formation réduite de bouloche

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18160143.6A EP3536853A1 (fr) 2018-03-06 2018-03-06 Fibre lyocell à formation de bouloche réduite

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EP3536853A1 true EP3536853A1 (fr) 2019-09-11

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EP18160143.6A Withdrawn EP3536853A1 (fr) 2018-03-06 2018-03-06 Fibre lyocell à formation de bouloche réduite

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EP (1) EP3536853A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN111788349A (fr)
TW (1) TWI704258B (fr)
WO (1) WO2019170740A1 (fr)

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CN113914091B (zh) * 2021-11-17 2023-06-20 罗莱生活科技股份有限公司 一种粘胶纤维处理工艺及其得到的粘胶纤维
CN115387021B (zh) * 2022-08-09 2023-07-14 肥城泰西无纺材料有限公司 一种莱赛尔纤维絮片的加工装置

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EP0053977A1 (fr) 1980-12-05 1982-06-16 Jean-Claude Lucas Ensemble d'accessoires destiné à la réalisation de joints de retrait et de dilatation dans un dallage en béton
WO1992014871A1 (fr) 1991-02-15 1992-09-03 Courtaulds Plc Procede de production de fibres
WO1993019230A1 (fr) 1992-03-17 1993-09-30 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Procede de fabrication d'elements moules cellulosiques et dispositif de mise en oeuvre dudit procede
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