EP3529796A1 - Procede de realisation d'un dispositif d'affichage bistable avec microcontroleur basse tension - Google Patents
Procede de realisation d'un dispositif d'affichage bistable avec microcontroleur basse tensionInfo
- Publication number
- EP3529796A1 EP3529796A1 EP17794263.8A EP17794263A EP3529796A1 EP 3529796 A1 EP3529796 A1 EP 3529796A1 EP 17794263 A EP17794263 A EP 17794263A EP 3529796 A1 EP3529796 A1 EP 3529796A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- display
- microcontroller
- voltages
- black
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/04—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions
- G09G3/16—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions by control of light from an independent source
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G2310/0243—Details of the generation of driving signals
- G09G2310/0254—Control of polarity reversal in general, other than for liquid crystal displays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/06—Details of flat display driving waveforms
- G09G2310/068—Application of pulses of alternating polarity prior to the drive pulse in electrophoretic displays
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing (or manufacturing) a display device for an electrophoretic or bistable type display.
- the invention relates more particularly to a method and a device for controlling a segmented electrophoretic display.
- Such displays comprise a layer (or a film) of microcapsules containing colored particles suspended in a fluid or a gas, the same layer being sandwiched between two electrodes:
- At least one first electrode having the shape of the segment to be displayed
- a second transparent electrode made by a conductive layer of indium tin oxide (ITO) for example.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- Alternative electrodes based on a thin film of carbon nanostructures, silver or copper wires can also be used.
- the invention also relates to electronic products or devices that use the aforementioned type of display.
- the display can be used for example, in smart cards, including bank or other types of cards having a thin display area and requiring flexibility, USB keys, watches ...
- Some display-based smart cards such as dynamic cryptogram cards (CVV) require a bistable electrophoretic display because of the need for permanent display and energy consumption constraints.
- CVV dynamic cryptogram cards
- the electrophoretic-type displays require a specific driver or microcontroller because the necessary voltage in absolute value for their control can not generally be provided by microcontrollers of the current (or standard) type, especially if the latter is powered by a battery that does not delivering a voltage, in particular 3 V, which is significantly lower than the operating voltage in absolute value of the display.
- the aim of the invention is to propose a method for producing more economical electrophoretic display devices that can replace the specific control microcontrollers.
- the invention provides a simple and inexpensive method of manufacturing / producing a segmented electrophoretic display device.
- the invention also provides a method / program for controlling a segmented electrophoretic display.
- the invention provides standard components (not specific to the aforementioned bistable displays). It provides a current or standard microcontroller [having a maximum output voltage lower than the minimum operating voltages, in absolute value, of the display, a programmable memory, preferably flash and integrated in the microcontroller, a few external components and a control program specific (described later)].
- This type of microcontroller preferably chosen by the invention is distinct from a specific display controller for bistable display, in particular electrophoretic segment.
- the microcontroller is preferably also supplied with a so-called low voltage voltage, lower in absolute value than those required to drive the display.
- the target display has a minimum operating voltage in absolute value of 5 volts.
- a remarkable point of the preferred embodiment of the invention lies in a specific design of a generator, here in the form of a charge pump, for providing + 5V and -2V on a common electrode of the display. This generator can be controlled directly by the microcontroller with only two input / output ports having a voltage excursion between 0 and 3V.
- the subject of the invention is a method for producing a segment electrophoretic display device (25) comprising a bistable display operating with opposite predetermined voltages (+ dV; -dV) and an electronic circuit with microcontroller for controlling the display according to a control program (P), characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- the microcontroller being distinct from a specific display controller for bistable display and being configured to deliver voltages (Vsegment) to input / output ports, lower in absolute value than the predetermined voltages (+ dV; -dV)
- Vsegment with at least one compensation voltage (Vcom) to at least reach said opposite predetermined voltages (+ dV; - dV).
- Vsegment with at least one compensation voltage (Vcom) to at least reach said opposite predetermined voltages (+ dV; - dV).
- Vcom compensation voltage
- the device thus configured makes it possible to drive a bistable display at a lower cost, with a microcontroller (standard) that is inexpensive, the output voltages being supplemented by additional voltages (or potentials) generated in particular by means of a circuit of discrete components such as capacitors, diodes and transistors.
- the compensation is performed using a voltage generator
- the control program includes instructions configured to control said voltage generator so as to provide said compensation
- the voltage generator is configured to provide voltage values (+5; -2) volts.
- the microcontroller is configured to provide a first pair of voltages (+3; 0) volts.
- the microcontroller includes input / output ports that can be individually controlled with a "0", "1" and high impedance (HIZ) state and include a program memory.
- the program provides values of (-5V, + 5V) to drive a color shift of the segments or the bottom of the display and voltage values equal to (- 2V, + 2V) for maintaining the colors of the segments (or bottom)
- the program (P) can provide the sequential sequence of sequences (or steps): homogenization into a uniform color of all the segments including the background in black or white with a duration of 5 units of time;
- the invention also relates to the device corresponding to the above method;
- the electrophoretic segment display device comprises a bistable display operating with opposite predetermined voltages (+ dV; -dV) and an electronic circuit with a microcontroller for controlling the display according to a control program;
- the device is characterized in that it comprises:
- said microcontroller being distinct from a specific display controller for a bistable display and being configured to deliver voltages (Vsegment) on input / output ports, lower in absolute value than the predetermined voltages (+ dV; dV),
- Vcom compensating voltage generator
- the invention makes it possible to simply use a common low voltage microcontroller which is not intended to drive a segmented electrophoretic bistable display, complementing it with a generator and some discrete electrical / electronic components).
- the voltage generator comprises a charge pump
- the microcontroller preferably comprises a control program (P) configured to provide the voltages at times and for durations according to a balanced control scheme so that the average value of the voltage seen from each of the segments tends towards 0;
- P control program
- the voltage generator preferably comprises a hybrid charge pump combining a voltage doubler circuit and a voltage inverter circuit, the respective output voltages of the doubling circuit and the inverter circuit being alternately combined on a single output of the charge pump.
- This generator with pump hybrid load, has the advantage of combining the two functions voltage doubler and voltage inverter so that the signal from one or the other function is generated on a single output. This output corresponds here to the common electrode of the display;
- the microcontroller includes a control program (P) to supply the voltages at times and for durations according to a balanced control scheme so that the average value of the voltage seen from each of the segments is close to 0 volts .
- P control program
- FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic cross section of a bistable display with ink capsules among those used by the invention
- FIG. 2 illustrates a viewer in plan view showing three numeric character zones formed by segments as used in a preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 illustrates a display object with a display device, in accordance with those targeted by the invention and in the form of a smart card;
- FIG. 4 illustrates a possible circuit diagram of electric and / or electronic circuit of the object with display device of the preceding figure
- FIG. 5 illustrates an electronic control circuit for controlling a digital character area of the display according to the preferred implementation or embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the voltage generator 26 of the circuit of the preceding figure, said generator being here, in the form of a hybrid charge pump;
- FIG. 7 illustrates intermediate and / or preferred (or preferred) color and / or image steps and / or transitions of the display device, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 8 illustrates the various elementary steps of the method (and / or program P) of control of the display device, the recommended (or preferred) transitions of which are in accordance with FIG.
- the ITO layer is attached to (or supported by) a transparent polymer substrate 3.
- the printed circuit facing the microcapsules contains as many electrodes as segments and the shape of each electrode defines the shape of each respective segment. Finally a connection is reported between each segment and the connector of the display.
- the assembly comprising the transparent polymer 3, the ITO layer 4, the microcapsule layer 5C and a layer or printed circuit 6 forms the display complex 2.
- the display particles 5B, 5N here are electrically charged and move in the microcapsules 5 as a function of the voltage which is applied on the one hand to the transparent conductive layer 4, on the other hand to each of the segments of the conductive layer. 6B of the flexible printed circuit board 6.
- the display 2 comprises a common electrode 18 disposed on the printed circuit 6 and electrically connected to the transparent conductive electrode 4 via an adhesive or conductor 19 including anisotropic type or not.
- the printed circuit board 6 comprises conductive zones for driving (or control)
- the printed circuit board 6 may preferably contain a control circuit of the display layer or contain at least conducting tracks or conductive areas 6B intended to have an electrical polarity for influencing the display layer 5.
- the polarized particles of the capsules will be concentrated at the top and bottom of the capsules according to their respective polarity. All segments have a common electrode 18 (connected to the transparent conductive layer 4).
- volt can also be designated by (V) and the numerical / digital values "0", “1” when they are enclosed in quotation marks.
- the numerical / digital values "0", “1” correspond respectively to voltage values 0 volt (or 0V) and +3 volts (or + 3V).
- the electrophoretic-type display 2 is illustrated in a view from above; It is integrated, in the example (FIG. 3), into an electronic object (or device) 1 to a device or smart display circuit 2 (and to a microprocessor).
- the object 1 is in the form of a smart card including banking.
- the display 2 is connected to an electronic display circuit 1A integrated in the card body 1 (not visible in Figure 3).
- the assembly comprising the electronic display circuit 1A and the display 2, forms, comprises or constitutes a display device 25 ( Figures 4 and 5).
- the display device 25 (or display circuit 1A) of the invention can be used for electronic products or devices requiring a bistable display that allows display of indicator by graphic symbols or alphanumeric character such as watch, toy, status indicator ... and being powered by a lower voltage including 5V.
- the display device 25 (or display circuit 1A) may be an electrical and / or electronic subassembly (insert or "inlay”) intended to manufacture one of the aforementioned devices comprising at least one display or display area 2 .
- the display device 25 may be a module or an insert, (intermediate product) ready for use or intended to be inserted or inserted / connected in another body or support . It may comprise at least the display area, one or more connection or interconnection component (s) and a printed circuit with integrated circuit components, in particular for controlling the display layer.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an electrical / electronic circuit C of the smart card 1 of FIG. 3; The circuit C comprises the display 2 connected to the electronic circuit 1A comprising a microcontroller 24 control (or control) of the information display on the screen 2.
- the circuit C may comprise a radio frequency interface comprising an FC N radiofrequency controller (1 1) and an antenna 12, connected to the microcontroller 10, a real time clock (RTC), a battery 9, if necessary a switch button.
- the card 1 may comprise a combined smart card module 17 with electrical contacts and / or without contact with a radiofrequency antenna 13. In FIG.
- the display device 25 made according to a production method (or manufacturing) corresponding to a first preferred mode of implementation and may be suitable for constituting / replacing the microcontroller circuit 1A of the previous figure;
- This device comprises a bistable display 2, one of the types referred to above (electrophoretic segments 1A); the bistable display 2 operates or is piloted under predetermined minimum power supply (and / or command or control) voltages, positive and negative (+ dV; -dV); the device 25 comprises an electronic display circuit 1A with microcontroller 24 for controlling the display according to a control program (P) here included in a program memory of the microcontroller;
- P control program
- the display is a 3-digit segmented electrophoretic type display (elnk corporation ref: SC004221) although only one digit is shown, the principle can be applied to several digits).
- the operating voltage and / or control (or control) is between 5 to 15 volts and -5 to -15 volts;
- the method comprises the following steps:
- the microcontroller 24 selected for the invention in step a) is configured to deliver a first control voltage of the lower display to the minimum voltage of 5 volts referred to above;
- the microcontroller (standard) 24 operates at a supply voltage equal to (or of the order of) 3 volts and is capable of delivering to a input / output port a voltage whose excursion to Voltage is (or in the order of) 0 to 3 volts. It is intended to be supplied with 3 volts by a battery 9.
- a voltage equal to a value in the sense of the present application can be considered when it is close to 10% of this value, or even 5% preferably.
- a voltage of 2.7 volts to 3.3 volts is considered to be equal to 3 volts.
- the microcontroller also includes a plurality of output interfaces
- the output port GPI04 to GPIO10 are each connected to their respective segment marked a to f (and corresponding to the conductive areas 21-23 of the printed circuit 6, to drive them).
- the output port GPI03 is connected to the conductive zone 20 corresponding to the bottom of the display screen 2.
- the GPIOs ports can deliver a maximum voltage of +3 volts to the different segments of the display, which is insufficient to activate the 5C capsules and the color changes of the different zones. display (background and segments 20-23).
- the invention allows to bring this voltage (or this potential) missing by at least one voltage (or potential) compensation of at least 2 volts).
- a microcontroller (standard) MCU 24 that may be suitable for the invention preferably comprises the following functions.
- the microcontroller should make it possible to individually configure each GPIO port in HIZ, in digital value "1" or "0" (equivalent respectively to 3 volts and 0 volts).
- the microcontroller may have timers for easier management of the indicated durations T1, T2, T3 but are not essential, since substitutable including using a simple waiting loop, for example.
- the invention provides the step b) above compensation of the voltages from the microcontroller to at least reach said opposite predetermined voltages (+ dV; -dV) required for operation.
- the invention thus provides and adds a second voltage to the first voltage of +3 volts to provide at least the minimum required voltage (in this case +5 volts). This is preferably obtained with the generator circuit 26 described below.
- the invention provides a particular voltage source for compensation of voltages / potentials (or compensation of voltage deviation) obtained according to the table below.
- the source is therefore a voltage generator 26.
- This generator is preferably controlled by the microcontroller 24;
- the latter comprises GPIO 1 and GPI02 output ports connected to this voltage generator 26.
- This generator 26 is powered as the microcontroller by a battery 9 which is preferably the same as that of the microcontroller (+ 3V).
- the voltage generator also has an output 27 (Vcom) which is connected to the transparent common electrode 18.
- the invention proposes to control the display 2.
- This control occurs as if the device Display 25 had a dedicated microcontroller capable of delivering a sufficient control output voltage of at least 5 volts.
- the invention provides that a single voltage, positive or negative (for example +5 and -5 volts), causes a color change in the display.
- the microcontroller 24 applies the values of +0 or +3 volts positive voltages (which it is capable of delivering normally) on the segments (or bottom) according to a program P of managing the voltage of the segments (or background).
- this generator 26 comprises (or consists of) a charge pump (detailed later with reference to FIG. 6).
- control of the display is described in relation to the steps of the diagram of FIG. 7 which may correspond to steps of a program P (or wired logic circuit) provided in the microcontroller for controlling a segment or background zone. 20.
- program P or wired logic circuit
- this preferred embodiment of the invention provides possible voltages for updating the display. , shown in the table below:
- Another remarkable point of this preferred embodiment of the invention lies in the low sensitivity of the display when the absolute value of the voltage difference dV, between the segments (or the bottom) and the transparent common electrode (or 18). ), is less than 2.5 volts. It can be considered that this low voltage has no significant effect on the current state of the segment (white or black).
- - T1 period of 5/17, configuration not causing a change of color
- - T2 7/17 period, switching from White to Black
- This specific duty cycle allows the balanced control of the display whose calculation is described below.
- a program or microcode P has been developed to program the microcontroller 24 so as to display the 3 digits on the screen of the display.
- the microcontroller 24 receives information including an OTP number to be displayed on the display (the OTP information comprises or requires, for example, at least one switching a segment b among the seven segments included in the display to form a digit). This segment b is connected to port GPI04 (FIG 5)
- the microcontroller can know the bistable current state of the segment b in particular by consulting either directly a memory listing the last state of the black or white segment or indirectly by means of information external to the microcontroller.
- the microcontroller deduces that the segment is in a "white" state and / or that corresponds to a previously issued instruction set which has led to a voltage difference having caused a switchover in white.
- the program may then switch the color of the segment to black 200 or maintain the color of the segment in white and switch other segments of the display 250 to black 252 or blank 251.
- the program can switch the color of the segment to bank 300 again or it can maintain the segment color in black and switch other segments of the display 260 to black 262 or blank 261.
- the microcontroller can provide a step of "reset” or zero (white or black) of all segments regardless of their initial state. This procedure is particularly useful when first initializing the product or the initial state of the segments is not necessarily known.
- the microcontroller's P program is configured to drive the ports, depending on the sequence, as follows: For switching the white-to-black segment (200), the microcontroller's P program configures the GPI04 port to a "1" level. either (+ 3V), the port GPI01 at a logic level "1" or (+ 3V) and generates a square clock signal of 1 kHz and levels 0 and +3 V on the port GPI02, which generates a Vcom voltage of -2V output 27 of the charge pump 26 and a voltage Vsegment of + 3V.
- the program P of the microcontroller configures the port GPI04 at a level "0" (+ 0V), the port GPI02 at a logic level “0" (+ 0V) and generates a square clock signal of 1 kHz and 0 and +3 V levels on the port GPI01, which generates a voltage Vcom of + 5V at the output 27 of the charge pump 26 and a voltage Vsegment of + 0V.
- the microcontroller program P configures the port GPI04 to a level "0" that is (+ 0V), the port GPI01 to a logical level “1” is (+ 3V) and generates a square clock signal of 1 kHz and levels 0 and +3 V on the port GPI02, which generates a voltage Vcom -2V output 27 of the charge pump 26 and a voltage Vsegment of + 0V.
- the microcontroller's P program configures the GPI04 port to a "1" level (+ 3V), the GPI02 port to a logical level "0" is (+ 0V) and generates a square clock signal of 1 kHz and levels 0 and +3 V on the port GPI01, which generates a voltage Vcom + 5V output 27 of the charge pump 26 and a Vsegment voltage of + 3V.
- the different ports used for controlling the GPIO display can be configured at "0" (0 V) or in a high state impedance (HIZ).
- the microcontroller can preferably save (or not), the change of state of the segment (s) in memory for later consultation.
- Figure 6 is illustrated an electrical diagram and operation of the charge pump:
- the charge pump 26 constitutes a voltage generator according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
- the electrical / electronic diagram comprises two stages (or sub-parts 28, 29) respectively having a GPIO input 1, GPI02 and a common Vcom output:
- the stage 28 (or doubling circuit), relative to the input GPI01, comprises a P-type field effect transistor Q1 mounted with diodes D1, D2 and capacitors C1, C3;
- the stage 29 (or inverter circuit), relative to the GPI02 input, comprises an N-type field effect transistor Q2, mounted with diodes D3, D4 and capacitors C2, C4.
- the charge pump is therefore based here preferably on the combination of a voltage-doubling electrical circuit 28 and a voltage inverting electrical circuit 29 which can alternatively be switched by means of two MOS FET transistors and whose output voltage from one or the other charge pump is combined on one line.
- a voltage-doubling electrical circuit 28 and a voltage inverting electrical circuit 29 which can alternatively be switched by means of two MOS FET transistors and whose output voltage from one or the other charge pump is combined on one line.
- Two other pins are needed: one (20) for the bottom of the display (visible area 20 other than a segment, but considered as segment for control) and the other 18 for the common segments.
- An electrophoretic display is a bistable display which means that only a change of state must be controlled.
- the basic operation is as follows:
- the segment when no voltage is applied, the segment remains stable by preserving its current state (white or black) or when the absolute value of the voltage is less than 2.5 volts.
- the segments 21, 22, 23 and the bottom 20 are directly connected to the input / output ports of the microcontroller having a voltage excursion of 0 to 3V.
- a voltage Vcom originating from the charge pump and having a voltage excursion of -2V or + 5V with respect to ground, is applied to the transparent common electrode 18 of the segments. This is a viable design in that these two voltage values can not be applied directly to or generated by the microcontroller input / output ports (limitation of the output voltage swing between 0 and 3V).
- the components used in the example made include a transistor Q1: N-MOS FET CSD13381 F4; a transistor Q2: P-MOS FET CSD23381 F4; Four C1-C4 capacities: 100 nF 10V; Four diodes D1-D4: RB521.
- GPI01 A clock of 1 KHz with a duty cycle of 50% is generated on GPI01; GPI02 is set to "0" (0V);
- the transistor Q2 is in the off state and the stage 29 comprising the capacitance C2 and the diodes D1, D2 does not affect the Vcom output.
- the stage 28 comprising the components Q1, C1, C3, D1 and D2 forms a voltage doubler and VCom reaches 5 V because of the voltage drop in the diodes D1 and D2 in the forward direction.
- a clock of 1 KHz having a duty ratio of 50% is generated on GPI02.
- the transistor Q1 is in the off state and the stage 28 comprising the components C1, D1, D2 does not affect the Vcom output;
- the stage 29 comprising the components Q2, C2, C4, D3 and D4 constitutes a voltage inverter and the output voltage VCom reaches -2V because of the voltage drop in the diodes D3 and D4 in the forward direction.
- the generator may be a generator system comprising two independent charging pumps that can be activated or deactivated by the microcontroller and generating respectively + 5V and -2V and one or the other of the voltages would be selected by an electronic switch.
- such an embodiment would be more complex and expensive mainly because of the switch (which is avoided in the preferred mode).
- FIG. 7 illustrates intermediate and / or preferred steps (or preferred) of color and / or images of the display device according to the preferred embodiment of the invention detailed below.
- the invention prefers to use a particular cycle of state transition segments (and / or bottom) (drawing 43) for a switchover zones black to white or vice versa.
- Drawings 41, 42 and 43 (Fig. 7) illustrate the different state change curves of the segments for switching from "1" to "2".
- Each segment color shift (or maintenance) curve referenced b, f, c, e is numbered 1 to 4, respectively, as follows:
- Drawing 43 also illustrates the different voltage requirements of the segments and the common electrode (ITO) for each transition step illustrated in FIG. 42 (and in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention):
- V segment for the segment concerned a to f;
- the transparent common electrode 18 or ITO
- the segment b which must remain at the black color
- the segment f and the bottom which must remain at the white color
- the segment c which must switch from black to white
- the segments a, d, e & g which must switch from white to black.
- the invention may preferably provide, for the control of the display, the steps and / or transitions of image or color indicated and respecting the durations and voltages described in FIG. 7.
- the program P also controls, via the output ports GPI01 and GPI02 of the microcontroller, the voltage Vcom of the transparent electrode (18), via the generator 26, to obtain a Vcom signal of +5 volts, -2 volts or 0 volts. .
- the invention makes it possible to increase the differential voltage Vsegment-Vcom applied to the segments a to f and / or the background while using input / output ports having a voltage excursion of 0V to + 3V.
- the compensation for obtaining a sufficient control potential difference is made by injecting the Vcom 18 common electrode with a voltage / potential of + 5V or -2V. This results in dV voltage deviations on the 5C ink capsules can reach + 5V or -5V to change the color and the voltage deviations dV can reach + 2V or -2V to maintain the color.
- the signal is said to be balanced if the average value of the voltage is zero for the sequence of the different phases over a complete cycle.
- a complete cycle includes a color change and a return to the initial color.
- the invention alternates cycle 3) black to white, then cycle 4) to switch from white to black with the possible insertion of steps 1) and 2).
- the insertion of steps 1) and or 2) to maintain the black color or the white color do not change the signal balance, because the integration of the signal on T1 + T2 + T3 for these two steps is zero.
- the state diagram of FIG. 8 illustrates an example of the display method (or program) according to an elementary mode of the invention for switching the segment from one color to another.
- the program P starts for the first time and therefore has not yet performed any segment control sequence.
- the initial state of the segments is supposed to be white.
- the program can control a "zeroing" before (or erasure) of the display by switching all the segments and / or the background before a display command, in a state of color all white or all black. This can occur especially when starting for the first time or following a change of battery for example. At any time, the program can switch a segment from white to black 200 or black to white 300.
- the display comprises a plurality of segments
- additional steps for maintaining the color of the segment 250, 260 may be executed, so as to have different colors between the segments. 2 sequences are then possible:
- the program P configures the GPIOs as described above.
- the program can be suspended after the execution of a control sequence and the storage, preferably, of the current state of the segments.
- a history of the states of the segments can thus be kept in memory of the microcontroller or external memory for later reference or even be recalculated according to parameters internal or external to the microcontroller.
- the program will be able to resume the next appropriate cycle thanks to the knowledge of the current state of the segments that has been memorized.
- the display After the execution of a control sequence, the display then retains the colors of each segment, the latter being bistable.
- control steps of the display device may be in accordance with steps of program P, in particular for the succession of sequences and the duration respective sequences recommended according to the preferred embodiment of the invention to avoid the artifacts described above.
- the preferred mode of control may comprise the successive sequence of the 3 sequences (steps or transitions):
- the invention also has the advantage of allowing flexibility in the supply of components while avoiding dependence on a specific microcontroller integrating an electrophoretic screen driver (the electrophoretic or EPD drivers integrated in the microcontroller are not widespread. ). It reduces costs because standard microcontrollers with additional external components can be more competitive than microcontrollers with integrated electrophoretic drivers.
- This control system has the advantage of using standard components whose thicknesses are compatible with a chip-like form factor.
- the invention can be applied to any other electrical apparatus using segment displays (such as digital displays, alphanumeric or indicator lights) and having a display control microcontroller designed to output to output ports, a maximum voltage lower in absolute value than the operating voltage of the display.
- segment displays such as digital displays, alphanumeric or indicator lights
- display control microcontroller designed to output to output ports, a maximum voltage lower in absolute value than the operating voltage of the display.
- any segmented bistable electrophoretic display device powered in particular by a voltage below +5 volts, could implement the invention.
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Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16306375.3A EP3312827A1 (fr) | 2016-10-20 | 2016-10-20 | Procede de realisation d'un dispositif d'affichage bistable avec microcontroleur basse tension |
| PCT/EP2017/076853 WO2018073415A1 (fr) | 2016-10-20 | 2017-10-20 | Procede de realisation d'un dispositif d'affichage bistable avec microcontroleur basse tension |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3529796A1 true EP3529796A1 (fr) | 2019-08-28 |
| EP3529796B1 EP3529796B1 (fr) | 2025-02-12 |
Family
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Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16306375.3A Withdrawn EP3312827A1 (fr) | 2016-10-20 | 2016-10-20 | Procede de realisation d'un dispositif d'affichage bistable avec microcontroleur basse tension |
| EP17794263.8A Active EP3529796B1 (fr) | 2016-10-20 | 2017-10-20 | Procede de realisation d'un dispositif d'affichage bistable avec microcontroleur basse tension |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16306375.3A Withdrawn EP3312827A1 (fr) | 2016-10-20 | 2016-10-20 | Procede de realisation d'un dispositif d'affichage bistable avec microcontroleur basse tension |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US11158223B2 (fr) |
| EP (2) | EP3312827A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2018073415A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI755975B (zh) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-02-21 | 錼創顯示科技股份有限公司 | 微發光二極體顯示裝置及其次畫素電路 |
| KR20250130446A (ko) * | 2021-09-14 | 2025-09-01 | 이 잉크 코포레이션 | 상이한 크기들의 포지티브 전압 및 네거티브 전압을 사용하여 전기영동 디스플레이들의 광학 상태를 스위칭하기 위한 조정된 상부 전극 전압 - 구동 전극 전압 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5098395B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2012-12-12 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気泳動表示パネルの駆動装置、電気泳動表示装置及び電子機器 |
| US7907116B2 (en) * | 2007-05-03 | 2011-03-15 | Solomon Systech Limited | Dual output voltage system with charge recycling |
| US20080303780A1 (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2008-12-11 | Sipix Imaging, Inc. | Driving methods and circuit for bi-stable displays |
| TW201035942A (en) | 2009-03-18 | 2010-10-01 | Chunghwa Picture Tubes Ltd | Method for driving an electrophoretic display device |
| US8913051B2 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2014-12-16 | Silicon Laboratories Inc. | LCD controller with oscillator prebias control |
| TWI528342B (zh) * | 2009-09-16 | 2016-04-01 | 半導體能源研究所股份有限公司 | 顯示裝置及其驅動方法 |
| WO2014138630A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-12 | E Ink Corporation | Procédé et appareil conçus pour le pilotage des afficheurs électro-optiques |
| JP6582435B2 (ja) * | 2015-02-24 | 2019-10-02 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 集積回路装置及び電子機器 |
| KR102333485B1 (ko) * | 2015-03-02 | 2021-12-01 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 디스플레이 구동 회로 및 그것을 포함하는 표시 장치 |
| US9424797B1 (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-08-23 | Dock Technologies Inc. | Driving electro-optic displays |
-
2016
- 2016-10-20 EP EP16306375.3A patent/EP3312827A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2017
- 2017-10-20 WO PCT/EP2017/076853 patent/WO2018073415A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2017-10-20 EP EP17794263.8A patent/EP3529796B1/fr active Active
- 2017-10-20 US US16/343,647 patent/US11158223B2/en active Active
-
2021
- 2021-09-23 US US17/482,593 patent/US11657746B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2018073415A1 (fr) | 2018-04-26 |
| US11158223B2 (en) | 2021-10-26 |
| EP3529796B1 (fr) | 2025-02-12 |
| US11657746B2 (en) | 2023-05-23 |
| EP3312827A1 (fr) | 2018-04-25 |
| US20220028315A1 (en) | 2022-01-27 |
| US20190272781A1 (en) | 2019-09-05 |
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