EP3523533B1 - Method for producing a well in a valve needle of a valve - Google Patents

Method for producing a well in a valve needle of a valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3523533B1
EP3523533B1 EP17769102.9A EP17769102A EP3523533B1 EP 3523533 B1 EP3523533 B1 EP 3523533B1 EP 17769102 A EP17769102 A EP 17769102A EP 3523533 B1 EP3523533 B1 EP 3523533B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
needle
sealing ball
well
embossing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17769102.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3523533A1 (en
Inventor
Ronald Pott
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3523533A1 publication Critical patent/EP3523533A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/161—Means for adjusting injection-valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0033—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
    • F02M63/0036—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat with spherical or partly spherical shaped valve member ends
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0078—Valve member details, e.g. special shape, hollow or fuel passages in the valve member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8053—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving mechanical deformation of the apparatus or parts thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8061—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving press-fit, i.e. interference or friction fit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8092—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly adjusting or calibration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0077—Valve seat details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a spherical cap in a valve needle of a valve according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a tip of a plunger element for a pressure control valve with a recess for contacting a valve ball before the valve is installed.
  • the recess has two areas with different curvatures arranged concentrically around the center axis of the tappet element: In a first inner area the valve ball can be moved in the radial direction, while in a second outer area the valve ball can be moved in the radial and axial directions. No axial effects are effective within an existing radial play, so that the noise behavior is improved.
  • the spherical valve closing element serves as an embossing body in the embossing process to be carried out, which serves to introduce a spherical cap in the area of an end face of the anchor pin.
  • the anchor pin is subjected to an stamping force acting axially in the direction of the valve seat, so that the spherical valve closing element causes a plastic deformation of the anchor pin in the area of the end face, the dome being formed.
  • the valve seat and the spherical valve-closing element used therein are previously aligned coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the anchor pin.
  • an anchor pin is used, the end face of which is already provided with a depression, so that the depth of the dome and thus the stamping force to be applied can be reduced.
  • a solenoid valve with a valve housing which has a central recess enclosed by a solenoid, in which a Magnet armature guided displaceably and a magnet core is fixedly arranged, with a plunger acted upon by force in the closing direction by the magnet armature, which is guided displaceably in a guide hole of the valve housing and at one end of which a shut-off body in the form of a ball is arranged, which opens from the plunger in the closing direction a valve seat of a valve passage is acted upon.
  • an anti-rotation element is arranged on the end region of the plunger on the magnet housing side.
  • Both a dome and a spherical contour of the valve seat are created in that the ball is pressed onto the valve seat by means of the plunger, so that the ball, which is made of a harder material, is embossed into the plunger, which is made of softer material, and the dome is embossed into the the component having the valve seat, the spherical contour of the valve seat is generated. This compensates for manufacturing tolerances in the valve components and creates absolute coaxiality between the ball and the valve seat.
  • valve with a valve needle is known, the valve needle being provided with a ball which is applied to a seat by the valve needle.
  • the end of the valve needle is provided with an imprint with a shallow ball guide depth. The impression is achieved by applying an axial force against a sealing ball in the valve seat, which ensures the formation of a concave ball cap at the end of the needle.
  • the DE 10 2011 012 548 A1 shows a method for producing a valve, wherein in a first method step a valve with a valve chamber and a valve body movably arranged within this valve chamber is made available and the valve body rests against a sealing seat in a switching position of the valve so that the valve body has a first sealing surface of the valve and the sealing seat forms a second sealing surface of the valve that interacts at least temporarily with the first, at least one of the sealing surfaces being made of a plastic and at least one sealing surface being tempered to match the sealing surfaces to one another.
  • the sealing surfaces are at least temporarily pressed against one another during the tempering of the sealing surface and / or after the tempering.
  • the object of the present invention is to reduce acoustic abnormalities of a valve with a valve needle and to improve the embossing process.
  • this object is achieved by a method for producing a spherical cap in a valve needle with the features according to claim 1.
  • Advantageous further developments of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims.
  • the features listed individually in the patent claims can be combined with one another in a technologically meaningful manner and can be supplemented by explanatory facts from the description and / or details from the figures, further design variants of the invention being shown as defined in the appended claims.
  • a spherical cap is produced in a valve needle of a valve.
  • the valve has a valve seat, a sealing ball, a needle guide and the valve needle with a needle tip.
  • a space between the valve seat and the sealing ball forms a valve gap and the needle guide supports the valve needle so that it can move axially.
  • the sealing ball and the valve needle in particular also the valve seat and the needle guide, are provided.
  • a spherical cap for contacting the sealing ball is created in the needle tip.
  • the spherical cap is shaped in that the spherical cap is at least partially impressed by a force action of the sealing ball, in particular an actively excited or applied force action of the sealing ball.
  • the dome is in particular a hollow or dome-shaped depression.
  • the valve seat is preferably conical.
  • the valve seat, sealing ball, needle guide and valve needle are components of the valve.
  • the valve can comprise further components.
  • the valve can have an electromechanical actuator for moving the valve needle.
  • the electromechanical actuator comprises an armature and a pole core.
  • the pole core can be a valve body or part of a valve body.
  • the at least partial embossing can be a final embossing.
  • the spherical cap is particularly preferably completely embossed and / or produced by the sealing ball, in particular in one or more embossing steps.
  • the action of force is not an action of force due to use of the valve, for example due to wear during operation of the valve.
  • the action of force is preferably greater than the action of the forces occurring during operation, in particular normal or normal operation, of the valve.
  • the needle tip in particular the dome, can be preprocessed.
  • the embossing may include deepening a pre-machined recess.
  • the pre-machined recess can be spherical cap-shaped.
  • the pre-machined recess preferably has a smaller radius of curvature than the sealing ball.
  • the spherical cap in the needle tip can be stamped individually for each individual valve by the sealing ball used individually in the valve, so that manufacturing and / or assembly-related tolerances can be individually taken into account or compensated for. As a result, acoustic abnormalities are reduced during operation.
  • the valve seat, the sealing ball, the valve needle and the needle guide are assembled in the method according to the invention before the dome is at least partially stamped, even before the dome is generated.
  • the at least partial, preferably complete embossing of the dome according to the invention - and possibly also the production of the dome - takes place in the assembled state of the components influencing the accuracy in the valve.
  • the contacting, the guidance, and the positioning of the sealing ball are individually centered in the valve, so that radial differences in the effect of forces on the sealing ball during operation are reduced, preferably completely avoided.
  • the embossed depth of the dome and / or a residual air gap between an armature and a pole core of the valve is preferred in the method according to the invention Embossing checked. If the embossed depth is not yet equal to the intended depth and / or the residual air gap is still greater than the intended value, the embossing is repeated in a further or in several further steps until the intended depth is reached and / or until the residual air gap is intended Has value. This ensures a high level of precision in the embossing process.
  • a valve characteristic curve can be determined in the method according to the invention after the embossing.
  • the determined valve characteristic can be compared with a target characteristic.
  • the embossing can be canceled or continued in one or more embossing steps.
  • a valve with a desired opening behavior of the valve gap can be obtained. So that the relative movement of the components is not undesirably influenced, in particular so that no undesired damping or disturbance of the movement occurs when the sealing ball is vibrated, it is particularly useful in the method according to the invention if no working fluids are present in one or more spaces between components of the valve during embossing and / or one or more spaces between components of the valve are evacuated. In this way, less or no fluid forces act.
  • the valve needle is secured against twisting in the needle guide by a form fit and / or a force fit.
  • the azimuthal position of the valve needle and sealing ball is fixed to one another during the embossing process, so that the embossing can take place precisely.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a spherical cap in a valve needle of a valve.
  • the valve is preferably a high pressure regulating valve for a fuel system in an internal combustion engine.
  • the components valve seat, sealing ball, valve needle with needle tip and needle guide and further components of the valve, in particular for its electromechanical actuator, are provided in a step 10.
  • the needle tip has a pre-machined dome which has a smaller radius of curvature than the sealing ball.
  • the valve is mounted so far that the electromechanical actuator can move the valve needle axially in the needle guide during its operation.
  • the spherical cap is embossed, in particular finely embossed, by means of a force action of the sealing ball.
  • the edge of the dome is embossed on the surface of the needle tip.
  • the sealing ball is excited to vibrate with the intention of embossing in such a way that the sealing ball exerts the force on the needle tip.
  • the material composition of the provided components sealing ball, valve seat and needle tip takes into account that the sealing ball has a greater hardness than the valve seat and this in turn has a greater hardness than the needle tip.
  • the effective length of the valve needle is reduced.
  • the remaining air gap when the valve is completely closed directly determines the steepness of the electro-hydraulic valve characteristic and the electronic control parameters.
  • the remaining air gap or the valve characteristic must be taken into account and checked during the embossing process.
  • the sequence shown in the preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention determines in a step 16 the valve characteristic obtained after the embossing in step 14. If the valve characteristic is flatter than a desired characteristic, the stamping step is repeated at a suitable time (step 18) until the actual characteristic matches the desired characteristic.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic of a needle tip of a valve needle touching a sealing ball in two partial images A and B before and after the embossing according to the invention, in particular in the preferred embodiment as with reference to FIG Figure 1 explained.
  • partial image A the situation is shown in which the sealing ball 32 and the needle tip 40 of the valve needle 28 contact each other in an annular circle contact 42:
  • a recess in the form of a spherical cap 26 is pre-processed.
  • the radius of curvature of the dome 26 is significantly smaller than the radius of curvature of the sealing ball 32.
  • the width of a residual air gap between the pole core and armature of the electromechanical actuator of the valve is greater than a nominal width.
  • the electromechanical actuator of the valve is operated with a harmonic alternating current during the embossing, without that a liquid, e.g. fuel, is in the valve.
  • the frequency of the alternating current is selected in such a way that the spring-force-loaded armature contacting the valve needle is subjected to mechanical vibrations with the valve needle, whereby maximum forces can be generated in the axial direction. Due to the different hardnesses of the components involved, the sealing ball is impressed into the dome, with any de-axing being compensated at the same time. In this way, the ring circle contact 42 of partial image A becomes an annular surface contact 44, as shown in partial image B.
  • the same components are provided with the same reference numbers in the two partial figures.
  • the dome is embossed in several steps: In one embossing step, only partial deformation is carried out. Then the current characteristic curve of the partially waved valve is determined. As long as the current actual characteristic does not yet match the target characteristic with the desired precision, the embossing is repeated with a further partial deformation.
  • the embossing is ended.
  • a spherical cap with optimized, preferably optimal lateral guidance of the sealing ball is obtained, so that acoustic abnormalities are reduced, preferably avoided.
  • FIG. 3 shows arranged components of an embodiment of a valve 24 with which a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a spherical cap 26 is carried out.
  • a sealing ball 32 and a valve seat 30 form a valve gap 36 upstream of a valve outlet 46.
  • the sealing ball 32 is pressed against the valve seat 30 in the axial direction 38 with the aid of the valve needle 28 axially mounted in a needle guide 34.
  • the end face of the armature 48 is deformed during the embossing according to the invention, for example that the valve needle 28 digs into the end face of the armature 48, the end face can be hardened or provided with a hard inlet.
  • valve 24 In order to be able to utilize the resonance capability of the valve 24, it is particularly advantageous to carry out the embossing according to the invention without filling the valve with fluid, especially in the case of a high-pressure control valve with fuel or test oil. Since a fluid in the armature space changes the vibration behavior, in particular can have a damping effect, a significantly higher energy supply from outside is required with a filling than without a filling. As a function of the specific geometries and process parameters of certain embodiments, a mechanical resonance oscillation can no longer be represented in the presence of fluid. The valve 24 can therefore be filled with air during the method according to the invention or be in the evacuated state.
  • valve is not yet fully assembled.
  • the essential components that are used for embossing are already assembled: valve seat, sealing ball and valve needle in needle guide.
  • a tool 56 in this embodiment a steel body, is brought into the position of the anchor.
  • This tool 56 has a recess 58 which engages over the valve needle 28.
  • the height of the recess is such that after the embossing and the shortening of the valve needle 28 that occurs in the process, the residual air gap 54 arises between the armature and the pole body 50 with the coil 52.
  • the length of the valve needle 28 in the original state determines the strength of the fine embossing on the dome.
  • the valve needle 28 In the state before the embossing of the dome, the valve needle 28 is too long and the current remaining air gap too large.
  • the tool 56 By means of a pressing force 60 acting on the valve seat in the axial direction of the valve needle, the tool 56 is now moved up to the mechanical stop on the pole core 50.
  • the sealing ball is further impressed in the dome of the needle tip so that surface contact is created between the sealing ball and the needle tip (see part B of Figure 2 ).
  • the forces and materials are selected so that only one deformation takes place on the dome.
  • the remaining air gap achieved is also checked in this alternative embodiment by checking the current characteristic curve achieved after embossing. One or more replicas are carried out until the target characteristic is reached. If the valve needle is overprinted, i.e. shorter than a minimum threshold, the valve must be rejected. Alternatively, the remaining air gap can be measured purely mechanically and used as a criterion for limiting the embossing depth.
  • the armature of the electromechanical actuator itself can be used in another embodiment. After each embossing, the remaining air gap must be measured and embossing must be repeated until the target value for the remaining air gap is reached.
  • the valve in a further development the valve, more precisely the needle tip of the valve needle, can be heated in a targeted manner in order to suitably support plastic deformation of the needle tip.
  • a further settlement behavior on the dome during operation is advantageously anticipated.
  • a high-pressure control valve produced according to the invention can be used in particular in a common rail fuel supply of an engine, in particular a diesel engine.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Kalotte in einer Ventilnadel eines Ventils gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for producing a spherical cap in a valve needle of a valve according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ventile mit Ventilnadeln gelangen in einer Vielzahl von Anwendungen zum Einsatz. Eine in großen Stückzahlen verbreitete Gruppe wird von Druckregelventilen, insbesondere Hochdruckregelventilen, gebildet, wie sie zum Beispiel für die Kraftstoffzufuhr in Brennkraftmaschinen eingesetzt werden. In der Fertigung eines Verbundes aus einem Ventilsitz, einer Dichtkugel, einer Ventilnadel und einer Nadelführung eines derartigen Ventils werden hohe Genauigkeitsanforderungen gestellt. Technisch anspruchsvoll ist unter anderem eine genaue Führung der Dichtkugel im Ventilsitz. Dabei ist aufgrund fertigungsbedingter Toleranzen eine exakt zentrische Positionierung im Ventilsitz in der Praxis nicht möglich. Bei einer leicht exzentrischen Position der Dichtkugel kommt es jedoch zu einer radialen Asymmetrie der Strömungsverteilung zwischen Dichtkugel und Ventilsitz eines durch das Ventil strömenden Fluids, insbesondere einer Flüssigkeit, und folglich zu einer unterschiedlichen radialen Kraftwirkung auf die Dichtkugel. In Zusammenwirkung mit einer nicht vollständig vermeidbaren Kavitation im Abströmbereich der Dichtkugel führt die asymmetrische Kraftwirkung zu einer Anregung der Dichtkugel mit Auslenkung in radialer Richtung, so dass eine akustische Auffälligkeit resultiert.Valves with valve needles are used in a variety of applications. A group that is widespread in large numbers is formed by pressure regulating valves, in particular high pressure regulating valves, such as those used, for example, for supplying fuel in internal combustion engines. In the manufacture of a combination of a valve seat, a sealing ball, a valve needle and a needle guide of such a valve, high accuracy requirements are placed. Technically demanding, among other things, is precise guidance of the sealing ball in the valve seat. Due to production-related tolerances, an exactly central positioning in the valve seat is not possible in practice. With a slightly eccentric position of the sealing ball, however, there is a radial asymmetry of the flow distribution between the sealing ball and the valve seat of a fluid flowing through the valve, in particular a liquid, and consequently a different radial force effect on the sealing ball. In cooperation with a not completely avoidable cavitation in the outflow area of the sealing ball, the asymmetrical force leads to an excitation of the sealing ball with deflection in the radial direction, so that an acoustic abnormality results.

Vor dem Hintergrund von Prozessoptimierungen sind auch schon eine Reihe von zusätzlichen Maßnahmen, vor allem unter Ausnutzung geometrischer Variationen der Ventilnadel und des Ventilsitzes, beschrieben worden, um eine möglichst hohe Genauigkeit bei der Fertigung und beim Betrieb eines oben beschriebenen Verbundes in einem Ventil zu erreichen.Against the background of process optimizations, a number of additional measures have already been described, especially using geometric variations of the valve needle and valve seat, in order to achieve the highest possible accuracy in the manufacture and operation of the above-described assembly in a valve.

Beispielsweise aus dem Dokument DE 10 2013 213 419 A1 ist es bekannt, eine Spitze eines Stößelelements für ein Druckregelventil vor der Montage des Ventils mit einer Vertiefung zur Kontaktierung mit einer Ventilkugel zu versehen. Die Vertiefung weist zwei konzentrisch um die Mittelachse des Stößelelements angeordnete Bereiche mit unterschiedlichen Krümmungen auf: In einem ersten innere Bereich ist die Ventilkugel in radialer Richtung bewegbar, während in einem zweite äußeren Bereich die Ventilkugel in radialer und in axialer Richtung bewegbar ist. Innerhalb eines vorhandenen Radialspiels sind keine axialen Effekte wirksam, so dass das Geräuschverhalten verbessert ist.For example from the document DE 10 2013 213 419 A1 It is known to provide a tip of a plunger element for a pressure control valve with a recess for contacting a valve ball before the valve is installed. The recess has two areas with different curvatures arranged concentrically around the center axis of the tappet element: In a first inner area the valve ball can be moved in the radial direction, while in a second outer area the valve ball can be moved in the radial and axial directions. No axial effects are effective within an existing radial play, so that the noise behavior is improved.

Beispielsweise aus dem Dokument DE 80 26 084 U1 geht ein einstellbares Überdruckventil mit einer Kugel als Ventilkörper und einer Vertiefung auf einem Federteller zur zentrischen Anlage der Kugel hervor. Um auch bei hohen Druckunterschieden ein Flattern der Kugel und die damit verbundenen Geräusche zu verhindern, sind seitliche Führungsflächen für die Kugel im Ventilsitz vorgesehen.For example from the document DE 80 26 084 U1 shows an adjustable pressure relief valve with a ball as the valve body and a recess on a spring plate for the central contact of the ball. In order to prevent the ball from fluttering and the associated noises even with high pressure differences, lateral guide surfaces are provided for the ball in the valve seat.

Auch vor dem Hintergrund, dass die Geräuschemission anderer Quellen in Anwendungszusammenhängen von derartigen Ventilen, zum Beispiel in Brennkraftmaschinen, verringert worden ist, hat sich in der Praxis herausgestellt, dass noch weiterer Bedarf besteht, die von derartigen Ventilen ausgehenden Geräusche zu verringern. Der bisherige Erfolg ist bei heutigen Anforderungen noch nicht ausreichend, so dass typischerweise sämtliche montierten Ventile einer Prüfung unterzogen werden und nicht zufriedenstellende Exemplare aussortiert werden müssen.Against the background that the noise emission from other sources has been reduced in application contexts of valves of this type, for example in internal combustion engines, it has been found in practice that there is still a need to reduce the noise emanating from such valves. The success to date is not yet sufficient with today's requirements, so that typically all assembled valves are subjected to a test and unsatisfactory specimens have to be sorted out.

Aus der gattungsbildenden DE 10 2013 225 771 A1 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektromagnetisch betätigbaren Ventils, insbesondere eines Druckregelventils für ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine, mit einem in einem Ventilgehäuse axial verschiebbar aufgenommenen Ankerstift, der im Bereich einer Stirnfläche eine mittels Prägen eingebrachte Kalotte zur Führung eines kugelförmigen Ventilschließelementes besitzt. Es wird vor dem Prägen eine Vertiefung in die Stirnfläche des Ankerstifts eingebracht, durch welche die Tiefe der mittels Prägen einzubringenden Kalotte reduziert wird. Das kugelförmige Ventilschließelement dient als Prägekörper bei dem vorzunehmenden Prägevorgang, welcher der Einbringung einer Kalotte im Bereich einer Stirnfläche des Ankerstiftes dient. Beim Prägen wird der Ankerstift mit einer axial in Richtung des Ventilsitzes wirkenden Prägekraft beaufschlagt, so dass das kugelförmige Ventilschließelement eine plastische Verformung des Ankerstiftes im Bereich der Stirnfläche bewirkt, wobei die Kalotte ausgebildet wird. Um Koaxialitätsfehler zu vermeiden, werden der Ventilsitz und das hierin eingesetzte kugelförmige Ventilschließelement zuvor koaxial zur Längsachse des Ankerstiftes ausgerichtet. Ferner wird ein Ankerstift verwendet, dessen Stirnfläche bereits mit einer Vertiefung versehen ist, so dass die Tiefe der Kalotte und damit die aufzubringende Prägekraft reduziert werden kann.From the generic DE 10 2013 225 771 A1 is a method for the production of an electromagnetically actuated valve, in particular a pressure control valve for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, with an anchor pin which is axially displaceably received in a valve housing and which has a spherical cap in the area of an end face for guiding a spherical valve closing element. Before the embossing, a recess is made in the end face of the anchor pin, through which the depth of the dome to be introduced by embossing is reduced. The spherical valve closing element serves as an embossing body in the embossing process to be carried out, which serves to introduce a spherical cap in the area of an end face of the anchor pin. During stamping, the anchor pin is subjected to an stamping force acting axially in the direction of the valve seat, so that the spherical valve closing element causes a plastic deformation of the anchor pin in the area of the end face, the dome being formed. In order to avoid coaxiality errors, the valve seat and the spherical valve-closing element used therein are previously aligned coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the anchor pin. Furthermore, an anchor pin is used, the end face of which is already provided with a depression, so that the depth of the dome and thus the stamping force to be applied can be reduced.

Aus der DE 10 2009 041 591 A1 ist ein Magnetventil mit einem Ventilgehäuse bekannt, das eine von einer Magnetspule umschlossene zentrische Ausnehmung aufweist, in der ein Magnetanker verschiebbar geführt und ein Magnetkern fest angeordnet ist, mit einem in Schließrichtung durch den Magnetanker kraftbeaufschlagten Stößel, der in einer Führungsbohrung des Ventilgehäuses verschiebbar geführt ist und an dessen einem Ende ein Absperrkörper in Form einer Kugel angeordnet ist, die von dem Stößel in Schließrichtung auf einen Ventilsitz eines Ventildurchgangs beaufschlagt ist. Um durch ein Verdrehen des Stößels um seine Längsachse eine Abweichung von der Koaxialität der Kugel zum Ventilsitz zu vermeiden, ist an dem magnetgehäuseseitigen Endbereich des Stößels ein Verdrehsicherungselement angeordnet. Sowohl eine Kalotte als auch eine Kugelkontur des Ventilsitzes werden dadurch erzeugt, dass mittels des Stößels die Kugel auf den Ventilsitz gepreßt wird, so dass die aus einem härteren Material bestehende Kugel durch Einprägen in den aus weicherem Material bestehenden Stößel die Kalotte und durch Einprägen in das den Ventilsitz aufweisende Bauteil die Kugelkontur des Ventilsitzes erzeugt wird. Damit werden Herstellungstoleranzen der Ventilbauteile kompensiert und eine absolute Koaxialität der Kugel zum Ventilsitz hergestellt.From the DE 10 2009 041 591 A1 a solenoid valve with a valve housing is known which has a central recess enclosed by a solenoid, in which a Magnet armature guided displaceably and a magnet core is fixedly arranged, with a plunger acted upon by force in the closing direction by the magnet armature, which is guided displaceably in a guide hole of the valve housing and at one end of which a shut-off body in the form of a ball is arranged, which opens from the plunger in the closing direction a valve seat of a valve passage is acted upon. In order to avoid a deviation from the coaxiality of the ball to the valve seat by rotating the plunger about its longitudinal axis, an anti-rotation element is arranged on the end region of the plunger on the magnet housing side. Both a dome and a spherical contour of the valve seat are created in that the ball is pressed onto the valve seat by means of the plunger, so that the ball, which is made of a harder material, is embossed into the plunger, which is made of softer material, and the dome is embossed into the the component having the valve seat, the spherical contour of the valve seat is generated. This compensates for manufacturing tolerances in the valve components and creates absolute coaxiality between the ball and the valve seat.

Aus der FR 2 973 092 A1 ist Ventil mit einer Ventilnadel bekannt, wobei die Ventilnadel, mit einer Kugel versehen ist, die durch die Ventilnadel auf einen Sitz aufgebracht wird. Das Ende der Ventilnadel wird mit einem Abdruck geringer Kugelführungstiefe versehen. Der Abdruck wird durch Aufbringen einer Axialkraft gegen eine Dichtkugel im Ventilsitz erzielt, die die Bildung einer konkaven Kugelkappe am Ende der Nadel sicherstellt.From the FR 2 973 092 A1 a valve with a valve needle is known, the valve needle being provided with a ball which is applied to a seat by the valve needle. The end of the valve needle is provided with an imprint with a shallow ball guide depth. The impression is achieved by applying an axial force against a sealing ball in the valve seat, which ensures the formation of a concave ball cap at the end of the needle.

Die DE 10 2011 012 548 A1 zeigt ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Ventils, wobei in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt ein Ventil mit einem Ventilraum und einem innerhalb dieses Ventilraums beweglich angeordneten Ventilkörper zur Verfügung gestellt wird und der Ventilkörper in einer Schaltstellung des Ventils an einem Dichtsitz anliegt, so dass der Ventilkörper eine erste Dichtfläche des Ventils und der Dichtsitz eine zweite mit der ersten wenigstens zeitweise zusammenwirkende Dichtfläche des Ventils ausbildet, wobei wenigstens eine der Dichtflächen aus einem Kunststoff gefertigt wird und wenigstens eine Dichtfläche zum Abstimmen der Dichtflächen aufeinander getempert wird. Die Dichtflächen werden wenigstens zeitweise während des Temperns der Dichtfläche und/oder nach dem Tempern aneinander gepresst werden.The DE 10 2011 012 548 A1 shows a method for producing a valve, wherein in a first method step a valve with a valve chamber and a valve body movably arranged within this valve chamber is made available and the valve body rests against a sealing seat in a switching position of the valve so that the valve body has a first sealing surface of the valve and the sealing seat forms a second sealing surface of the valve that interacts at least temporarily with the first, at least one of the sealing surfaces being made of a plastic and at least one sealing surface being tempered to match the sealing surfaces to one another. The sealing surfaces are at least temporarily pressed against one another during the tempering of the sealing surface and / or after the tempering.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, akustische Auffälligkeiten eines Ventils mit einer Ventilnadel zu verringern und den Prägevorgang zu verbessern.The object of the present invention is to reduce acoustic abnormalities of a valve with a valve needle and to improve the embossing process.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Kalotte in einer Ventilnadel mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen charakterisiert. Die in den Patentansprüchen einzeln aufgeführten Merkmale sind in technologisch sinnvoller Weise miteinander kombinierbar und können durch erläuternde Sachverhalte aus der Beschreibung und/oder Details aus den Figuren ergänzt werden, wobei weitere Ausführungsvarianten der Erfindung aufgezeigt werden, wie in den beigefügten Ansprüchen definiert.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method for producing a spherical cap in a valve needle with the features according to claim 1. Advantageous further developments of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims. The features listed individually in the patent claims can be combined with one another in a technologically meaningful manner and can be supplemented by explanatory facts from the description and / or details from the figures, further design variants of the invention being shown as defined in the appended claims.

Im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird eine Kalotte in einer Ventilnadel eines Ventils hergestellt. Das Ventil weist einen Ventilsitz, eine Dichtkugel, eine Nadelführung und die Ventilnadel mit einer Nadelspitze auf. Im Ventil bildet ein Raum zwischen dem Ventilsitz und der Dichtkugel einen Ventilspalt und die Nadelführung lagert die Ventilnadel axial beweglich. Erfindungsgemäß werden die Dichtkugel und die Ventilnadel, insbesondere auch der Ventilsitz und die Nadelführung, bereitgestellt. Es wird eine Kalotte zur Kontaktierung der Dichtkugel in der Nadelspitze erzeugt. Dabei wird erfindungsgemäß die Kalotte dadurch geformt, dass wenigstens teilweise die Kalotte durch eine Krafteinwirkung der Dichtkugel, insbesondere eine aktiv angeregte oder aufgebrachte Krafteinwirkung der Dichtkugel, eingeprägt wird.In the method according to the invention, a spherical cap is produced in a valve needle of a valve. The valve has a valve seat, a sealing ball, a needle guide and the valve needle with a needle tip. In the valve, a space between the valve seat and the sealing ball forms a valve gap and the needle guide supports the valve needle so that it can move axially. According to the invention, the sealing ball and the valve needle, in particular also the valve seat and the needle guide, are provided. A spherical cap for contacting the sealing ball is created in the needle tip. According to the invention, the spherical cap is shaped in that the spherical cap is at least partially impressed by a force action of the sealing ball, in particular an actively excited or applied force action of the sealing ball.

Die Kalotte ist insbesondere eine hohlförmige oder kalottenförmige Vertiefung. Der Ventilsitz ist bevorzugt kegelförmig. Ventilsitz, Dichtkugel, Nadelführung und Ventilnadel sind Bauteile des Ventils. Das Ventil kann weitere Bauteile umfassen. Insbesondere kann das Ventil einen elektromechanischen Aktor zur Bewegung der Ventilnadel aufweisen. Der elektromechanische Aktor umfasst in bevorzugter Ausführungsform einen Anker und einen Polkern. Der Polkern kann ein Ventilkörper oder ein Teil eines Ventilkörpers sein. Beim wenigstens teilweisen Prägen kann es sich um ein Endprägen handeln. Besonders bevorzugt wird die Kalotte vollständig durch die Dichtkugel geprägt und/oder erzeugt, insbesondere in einem oder in mehreren Prägeschritten. Die Krafteinwirkung ist insbesondere keine Krafteinwirkung aufgrund einer Nutzung des Ventils, zum Beispiel aufgrund eines Verschleißes beim Betrieb des Ventils. Bevorzugt ist die Krafteinwirkung größer als die Einwirkung der beim Betrieb, insbesondere bestimmungsgemäßen oder gewöhnlichen Betrieb, des Ventils auftretenden Kräfte.The dome is in particular a hollow or dome-shaped depression. The valve seat is preferably conical. The valve seat, sealing ball, needle guide and valve needle are components of the valve. The valve can comprise further components. In particular, the valve can have an electromechanical actuator for moving the valve needle. In a preferred embodiment, the electromechanical actuator comprises an armature and a pole core. The pole core can be a valve body or part of a valve body. The at least partial embossing can be a final embossing. The spherical cap is particularly preferably completely embossed and / or produced by the sealing ball, in particular in one or more embossing steps. In particular, the action of force is not an action of force due to use of the valve, for example due to wear during operation of the valve. The action of force is preferably greater than the action of the forces occurring during operation, in particular normal or normal operation, of the valve.

Die Nadelspitze, insbesondere die Kalotte kann vorbearbeitet sein. Anders gesagt, das Prägen kann ein Vertiefen einer vorbearbeiteten Vertiefung umfassen. Die vorbearbeitete Vertiefung kann kugelkalottenförmig sein. Bevorzugt hat die vorbearbeitete Vertiefung einen kleineren Krümmungsradius als die Dichtkugel.The needle tip, in particular the dome, can be preprocessed. In other words, the embossing may include deepening a pre-machined recess. The pre-machined recess can be spherical cap-shaped. The pre-machined recess preferably has a smaller radius of curvature than the sealing ball.

In vorteilhafter Weise kann für jedes einzelne Ventil individuell eine Prägung der Kalotte in der Nadelspitze durch die individuell im Ventil zum Einsatz gelangende Dichtkugel vorgenommen werden, so dass fertigungs- und/oder montagebedingte Toleranzen individuell berücksichtigt beziehungsweise ausgeglichen werden können. In der Folge sind im Betrieb akustische Auffälligkeiten verringert.Advantageously, the spherical cap in the needle tip can be stamped individually for each individual valve by the sealing ball used individually in the valve, so that manufacturing and / or assembly-related tolerances can be individually taken into account or compensated for. As a result, acoustic abnormalities are reduced during operation.

Damit die bei einem konkreten Exemplar eines Ventils vorliegenden Toleranzen des Ventilsitzes und der Nadelführung im montierten Zustand beim Prägevorgang wirksam sind, werden im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren der Ventilsitz, die Dichtkugel, die Ventilnadel und die Nadelführung zusammengebaut, bevor die Kalotte wenigstens teilweise eingeprägt wird, sogar bevor die Kalotte erzeugt wird. Mit anderen Worten, die erfindungsgemäße wenigstens teilweise, bevorzugt vollständige Prägung der Kalotte - und gegebenenfalls auch Erzeugung der Kalotte - erfolgt im montierten Zustand der die Genauigkeit beeinflussenden Bauteile im Ventil. Auf diese Weise wird die Kontaktierung, die Führung, die Positionierung der Dichtkugel individuell im Ventil zentriert, so dass radiale Kraftwirkungsunterschiede auf die Dichtkugel im Betrieb verringert, bevorzugt ganz vermieden sind.So that the tolerances of the valve seat and the needle guide present in a specific example of a valve are effective during the stamping process in the assembled state, the valve seat, the sealing ball, the valve needle and the needle guide are assembled in the method according to the invention before the dome is at least partially stamped, even before the dome is generated. In other words, the at least partial, preferably complete embossing of the dome according to the invention - and possibly also the production of the dome - takes place in the assembled state of the components influencing the accuracy in the valve. In this way, the contacting, the guidance, and the positioning of the sealing ball are individually centered in the valve, so that radial differences in the effect of forces on the sealing ball during operation are reduced, preferably completely avoided.

In einer erfindungsgemäßen Gruppe von Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die Krafteinwirkung beim Prägen aufgebracht, indem die Dichtkugel zur Schwingung zwischen dem Ventilsitz und der Nadelspitze der Ventilnadel angeregt wird. In vorteilhafter Weise wird eine Resonanzanregung bei geringem äußeren Kraftaufwand genutzt. In einer weiteren Gruppe von Ausführungsformen eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die Krafteinwirkung aufgebracht, indem die Dichtkugel und die Nadelspitze der Ventilnadel gegeneinander gedrückt werden. Dabei kann die Dichtkugel fixiert und die Ventilnadel bewegt sein. Es kann eine präzise Relativlage von Dichtkugel und Ventilnadel zum Prägen erreicht werden. Darüber hinaus können beim Drücken die Ventilnadel in der Nadelführung und die Dichtkugel zwischen Ventilsitz und Ventilnadel aufgenommen sein. Auf diese Weise wird vorteilhaft die Relativlage wie im montierten Zustand des Ventils genutzt.In a group according to the invention of embodiments of the method according to the invention, the action of force is applied during the embossing in that the sealing ball is excited to oscillate between the valve seat and the needle tip of the valve needle. A resonance excitation with little external force is used in an advantageous manner. In a further group of embodiments of a method not according to the invention, the force is applied by pressing the sealing ball and the needle tip of the valve needle against one another. The sealing ball can be fixed and the valve needle can be moved. A precise relative position of the sealing ball and valve needle for stamping can be achieved. In addition, the valve needle can be accommodated in the needle guide and the sealing ball between the valve seat and valve needle when pressed. In this way, the relative position as in the assembled state of the valve is advantageously used.

Erfindungsgemäß wird das Ventil soweit zusammengebaut, dass ein elektromechanischer Aktor des Ventils zur Bewegung der Ventilnadel in Wirkverbindung mit der Ventilnadel steht. Es wird dann mittels des elektromechanischen Aktors die Krafteinwirkung aufgebracht. Auf diese Weise sind keine zusätzlichen Werkzeuge erforderlich, mittels denen die Kraftbeaufschlagung realisiert wird. Es wird der elektromechanische Aktor oszillierend angesteuert, um eine Schwingungsanregung der Dichtkugel hervorzurufen.According to the invention, the valve is assembled to such an extent that an electromechanical actuator of the valve for moving the valve needle is in operative connection with the valve needle. The force is then applied by means of the electromechanical actuator. In this way, no additional tools are required by means of which the force is applied. It the electromechanical actuator is controlled to oscillate in order to cause the sealing ball to vibrate.

Damit die im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erfolgende Umformung, insbesondere eine Verkürzung der Ventilnadel, nicht zu einer unerwünschten Veränderung der Funktionseigenschaften des Ventils führt, wird bevorzugt im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die geprägte Tiefe der Kalotte und/oder ein Restluftspalt zwischen einem Anker und einem Polkern des Ventils nach dem Prägen überprüft. Falls die geprägte Tiefe noch nicht gleich der vorgesehen Tiefe und/oder der Restluftspalt noch größer als der vorgesehene Wert ist, wird das Prägen in einem weiteren oder in mehreren weiteren Schritten wiederholt, bis die vorgesehen Tiefe erreicht ist und/oder bis der Restluftspalt den vorgesehen Wert aufweist. Auf diese Weise wird eine hohe Präzision des Prägevorgangs sichergestellt.So that the deformation taking place in the method according to the invention, in particular a shortening of the valve needle, does not lead to an undesirable change in the functional properties of the valve, the embossed depth of the dome and / or a residual air gap between an armature and a pole core of the valve is preferred in the method according to the invention Embossing checked. If the embossed depth is not yet equal to the intended depth and / or the residual air gap is still greater than the intended value, the embossing is repeated in a further or in several further steps until the intended depth is reached and / or until the residual air gap is intended Has value. This ensures a high level of precision in the embossing process.

Darüber hinaus oder alternativ dazu kann im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren nach dem Prägen eine Ventilkennlinie bestimmt werden. Die bestimmte Ventilkennlinie kann mit einer Sollkennlinie verglichen werden. In Funktion des Vergleichsergebnisses kann das Prägen abgebrochen oder in einen oder mehreren Prägeschritten fortgesetzt werden. Auf diese Weise kann ein Ventil mit einem gewünschten Öffnungsverhalten des Ventilspalts erhalten werden. Damit die Relativbewegung der Bauteile nicht unerwünscht beeinflusst wird, insbesondere damit bei einer Schwingungsanregung der Dichtkugel keine unerwünschte Dämpfung oder Störung der Bewegung stattfindet, ist es besonders zweckmäßig im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren, wenn beim Prägen keine Arbeitsflüssigkeiten in einem oder mehreren Räumen zwischen Bauteilen des Ventils vorhanden sind und/oder ein oder mehrere Räume zwischen Bauteilen des Ventils evakuiert sind. Auf diese Weise wirken weniger oder keine Fluidkräfte.In addition or as an alternative to this, a valve characteristic curve can be determined in the method according to the invention after the embossing. The determined valve characteristic can be compared with a target characteristic. Depending on the comparison result, the embossing can be canceled or continued in one or more embossing steps. In this way, a valve with a desired opening behavior of the valve gap can be obtained. So that the relative movement of the components is not undesirably influenced, in particular so that no undesired damping or disturbance of the movement occurs when the sealing ball is vibrated, it is particularly useful in the method according to the invention if no working fluids are present in one or more spaces between components of the valve during embossing and / or one or more spaces between components of the valve are evacuated. In this way, less or no fluid forces act.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die Ventilnadel gegen ein Verdrehen in der Nadelführung durch einen Formschluss und/oder einen Kraftschluss gesichert. Auf diese Weise ist die azimutale Lage von Ventilnadel und Dichtkugel zueinander beim Prägevorgang fixiert, so dass die Prägung präzise erfolgen kann.According to the invention, the valve needle is secured against twisting in the needle guide by a form fit and / or a force fit. In this way, the azimuthal position of the valve needle and sealing ball is fixed to one another during the embossing process, so that the embossing can take place precisely.

Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung werden anhand der nachfolgenden Beschreibung unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren dargestellt. Es zeigt im Einzelnen:

Figur 1
ein Flussdiagramm einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Herstellen einer Kalotte in einer Ventilnadel eines Ventils,
Figur 2
eine schematische Darstellung einer eine Dichtkugel berührenden Nadelspitze einer Ventilnadel in zwei Teilbildern A und B vor und nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Prägen,
Figur 3
Angeordnete Bauteile einer Ausführungsform eines Ventils, mit welchen eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Kalotte ausgeführt wird, und
Figur 4
eine Anordnung, mit welcher eine alternative vorteilhafte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ausgeführt wird.
Further advantages and advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are shown on the basis of the following description with reference to the figures. It shows in detail:
Figure 1
a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a spherical cap in a valve needle of a valve,
Figure 2
a schematic representation of a needle tip of a valve needle touching a sealing ball in two partial images A and B before and after the embossing according to the invention,
Figure 3
Arranged components of an embodiment of a valve with which a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a dome is carried out, and
Figure 4
an arrangement with which an alternative advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is carried out.

Die Figur 1 ist ein Flussdiagramm einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Herstellen einer Kalotte in einer Ventilnadel eines Ventils. Das Ventil ist bevorzugt ein Hochdruckregelventil für ein Kraftstoffsystem in einer Brennkraftmaschine. In dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden in einem Schritt 10 die Bauteile Ventilsitz, Dichtkugel, Ventilnadel mit Nadelspitze und Nadelführung und weitere Bauteile des Ventils, insbesondere für dessen elektromechanischen Aktor, bereitgestellt. Dabei weist die Nadelspitze eine bereits vorbearbeitete Kalotte auf, welche einen kleineren Krümmungsradius als die Dichtkugel aufweist. Das Ventil wird in einem Schritt 12 so weit montiert, dass der elektromechanische Aktor bei seinem Betrieb die Ventilnadel in der Nadelführung axial bewegen kann.The Figure 1 FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a spherical cap in a valve needle of a valve. The valve is preferably a high pressure regulating valve for a fuel system in an internal combustion engine. In this preferred embodiment, the components valve seat, sealing ball, valve needle with needle tip and needle guide and further components of the valve, in particular for its electromechanical actuator, are provided in a step 10. The needle tip has a pre-machined dome which has a smaller radius of curvature than the sealing ball. In a step 12, the valve is mounted so far that the electromechanical actuator can move the valve needle axially in the needle guide during its operation.

In einem Schritt 14 wird die Kalotte mittels einer Kraftwirkung der Dichtkugel geprägt, insbesondere feingeprägt. Konkret wird erfindungsgemäß der Rand der Kalotte an der Oberfläche der Nadelspitze geprägt. Dabei werden die zwangsläufig vorhandenen Toleranzen ausgeglichen. In der erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform wird die Dichtkugel mit der Intention des Prägens zu einer Schwingung derart angeregt, dass die Dichtkugel die Kraftwirkung auf die Nadelspitze ausübt. Darüber hinaus wird in der Materialzusammenstellung von den bereitgestellten Bauteilen Dichtkugel, Ventilsitz und Nadelspitze berücksichtigt, dass die Dichtkugel eine größere Härte als der Ventilsitz und dieser wiederum eine größere Härte als die Nadelspitze aufweist. In Folge der Prägung liegt die Dichtkugel auf der Nadelspitze nicht mehr auf einer Ringkreislinie (ideale Situation vor dem Prägen) sondern auf einer Ringkreisfläche auf. Es ist nicht notwendig, dass die besagte Ringkreisfläche exakt zentrisch auf der Nadelspitze sitzt und/oder überall dieselbe Breite aufweist. Beim Prägen wird in bevorzugter Ausführungsform verhindert, dass sich die Ventilnadel um ihre Achse dreht, so dass sich die individuell passend geprägte Ringkreisfläche nicht unter der Dichtkugel fortdrehen, insbesondere nicht während des Prägens fortdrehen kann.In a step 14, the spherical cap is embossed, in particular finely embossed, by means of a force action of the sealing ball. Specifically, according to the invention, the edge of the dome is embossed on the surface of the needle tip. The inevitably existing tolerances are compensated for. In the embodiment according to the invention, the sealing ball is excited to vibrate with the intention of embossing in such a way that the sealing ball exerts the force on the needle tip. In addition, the material composition of the provided components sealing ball, valve seat and needle tip takes into account that the sealing ball has a greater hardness than the valve seat and this in turn has a greater hardness than the needle tip. As a result of the embossing, the sealing ball on the needle tip no longer rests on a circular circular line (ideal situation before embossing) but on a circular circular surface. It is not necessary that the said circular circular area is exactly centered on the needle tip sits and / or has the same width everywhere. In a preferred embodiment, during embossing, the valve needle is prevented from rotating about its axis, so that the individually appropriately embossed annular circular surface cannot rotate further under the sealing ball, in particular cannot rotate further during the embossing.

Während des Prägens verringert sich die wirksame Länge der Ventilnadel. In der Folge bedeutet das für das zusammengebaute Ventil, dass sich auch ein Restluftspalt zwischen einem Anker und einem Polkern, welcher gleichzeitig einen Ventilkörper darstellt, in einem elektromechanischen Aktor des Ventils in bevorzugter Ausführungsform reduziert. Es ist beim Herstellen der Kalotte darauf zu achten, dass der Restluftspalt nicht zu kein wird, vor allem darf der Anker nicht an den Polkern anschlagen, damit keine Undichtigkeiten zwischen Ventilsitz und Dichtkugel auftreten und der Anker nicht durch magnetische Kräfte am Polkern fixiert ist, wodurch ein schwer kontrollierbarer oder steuerbarer Zustand entsteht. Der Restluftspalt bei vollständig geschlossenem Ventil bestimmt direkt die Steilheit der elektro-hydraulischen Ventilkennlinie und die elektronischen Regelparameter. Daher müssen der Restluftspalt beziehungsweise die Ventilkennlinie zwingend beim Prägeprozess berücksichtigt und überprüft werden. Folglich wird im in der Figur 1 gezeigten Ablauf der bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in einem Schritt 16 die nach dem Prägen im Schritt 14 erhaltene Ventilkennlinie bestimmt. Ist die Ventilkennlinie flacher als eine Soll-Kennlinie ist der Prägeschritt zeitlich geeignet so lange wiederholt (Schritt 18), bis die Ist-Kennlinie zur Soll-Kennlinie passt.During the embossing, the effective length of the valve needle is reduced. As a result, this means for the assembled valve that a residual air gap between an armature and a pole core, which at the same time represents a valve body, is also reduced in an electromechanical actuator of the valve in a preferred embodiment. When making the dome, make sure that the remaining air gap does not become too small, above all the armature must not hit the pole core so that no leaks occur between the valve seat and the sealing ball and the armature is not fixed to the pole core by magnetic forces, which means a situation that is difficult to monitor or control arises. The remaining air gap when the valve is completely closed directly determines the steepness of the electro-hydraulic valve characteristic and the electronic control parameters. Therefore, the remaining air gap or the valve characteristic must be taken into account and checked during the embossing process. Hence, im in the Figure 1 The sequence shown in the preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention determines in a step 16 the valve characteristic obtained after the embossing in step 14. If the valve characteristic is flatter than a desired characteristic, the stamping step is repeated at a suitable time (step 18) until the actual characteristic matches the desired characteristic.

Das Ventil wird dann in der gezeigten Ausführungsform in einem Schritt 20 fertiggestellt.The valve is then completed in a step 20 in the embodiment shown.

In der Figur 2 ist schematisch eine vergrößerte einer eine Dichtkugel berührenden Nadelspitze einer Ventilnadel in zwei Teilbildern A und B vor und nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Prägen, insbesondere in der bevorzugten Ausführungsform wie unter Bezugnahme auf die Figur 1 erläutert. Im Teilbild A ist die Situation gezeigt, wie die Dichtkugel 32 und die Nadelspitze 40 der Ventilnadel 28 sich in einer Ringkreisberührung 42 kontaktieren: In der Nadelspitze 40 ist vorbearbeitet eine Vertiefung in Form einer Kalotte 26 vorhanden. Der Krümmungsradius der Kalotte 26 ist deutlich kleiner als der Krümmungsradius der Dichtkugel 32. Im Zusammenbau vor dem erfindungsgemäßen Prägen ist die Breite eines Restluftspalts zwischen Polkern und Anker des elektromechanischen Aktors des Ventils größer als eine Soll-Breite.In the Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic of a needle tip of a valve needle touching a sealing ball in two partial images A and B before and after the embossing according to the invention, in particular in the preferred embodiment as with reference to FIG Figure 1 explained. In partial image A, the situation is shown in which the sealing ball 32 and the needle tip 40 of the valve needle 28 contact each other in an annular circle contact 42: In the needle tip 40, a recess in the form of a spherical cap 26 is pre-processed. The radius of curvature of the dome 26 is significantly smaller than the radius of curvature of the sealing ball 32. In the assembly before the embossing according to the invention, the width of a residual air gap between the pole core and armature of the electromechanical actuator of the valve is greater than a nominal width.

In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird beim Prägen der elektromechanische Aktor des Ventil mit einem harmonischen Wechselstrom betrieben, ohne dass eine Flüssigkeit, zum Beispiel Kraftstoff, im Ventil ist. Die Frequenz des Wechselstroms wird derart gewählt, dass das der die Ventilnadel kontaktierende federkraftbelastete Anker mit der Ventilnadel in mechanische Schwingungen gerät, wodurch maximale Kräfte in axiale Richtung erzeugt werden können. Aufgrund der beschriebenen unterschiedlichen Härten der beteiligten Bauteile prägt sich die Dichtkugel in die Kalotte ein, wobei gleichzeitig eine etwaige Desaxierung ausgeglichen wird. Auf diese Weise wird die Ringkreisberührung 42 des Teilbilds A zu einer Ringflächenberührung 44, wie im Teilbild B gezeigt. In den zwei Teilbildern sind dieselben Bauteile mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen.In the preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the electromechanical actuator of the valve is operated with a harmonic alternating current during the embossing, without that a liquid, e.g. fuel, is in the valve. The frequency of the alternating current is selected in such a way that the spring-force-loaded armature contacting the valve needle is subjected to mechanical vibrations with the valve needle, whereby maximum forces can be generated in the axial direction. Due to the different hardnesses of the components involved, the sealing ball is impressed into the dome, with any de-axing being compensated at the same time. In this way, the ring circle contact 42 of partial image A becomes an annular surface contact 44, as shown in partial image B. The same components are provided with the same reference numbers in the two partial figures.

Das Teilbild B betrachtend wird es klar, dass sich die Länge der Ventilnadel 28 aufgrund der erfolgten Umformung der Nadelspitze verkürzt. In der Folge wird die Breite des Restluftspalts kleiner, so dass die Kennlinie des Ventils steiler wird. Damit eine möglichst große Übereinstimmung zwischen einer Ist-Kennlinie eines konkret auf dem erfindungsgemäßen Wege hergestellten Ventils mit einer Soll-Kennlinie erreicht werden kann, wird die Kalotte in mehreren Schritten geprägt: In einem Prägeschritt wird nur eine Teilumformung vorgenommen. Anschließend wird die aktuelle Kennlinie des teilumgeforten Ventils bestimmt. Solange die aktuelle Ist-Kennlinie noch nicht mit der Soll-Kennlinie in gewünschter Präzision übereinstimmt, wird das Prägen mit einer weiteren Teilumformung wiederholt. Bei gewünschter ausreichend präziser Übereinstimmung zwischen Ist-Kennlinie und Soll-Kennlinie wird das Prägen beendet. Auf diese erfindungsgemäße Weise des Prägens der Kalotte im Zusammenbau erhält man eine Kalotte mit optimierter, bevorzugt optimaler Seitenführung der Dichtkugel, so dass akustische Auffälligkeiten reduziert sind, bevorzugt vermieden werden.Looking at partial image B, it becomes clear that the length of the valve needle 28 is shortened due to the reshaping of the needle tip. As a result, the width of the remaining air gap becomes smaller, so that the characteristic curve of the valve becomes steeper. In order to achieve the greatest possible correspondence between an actual characteristic curve of a valve specifically manufactured in accordance with the invention and a desired characteristic curve, the dome is embossed in several steps: In one embossing step, only partial deformation is carried out. Then the current characteristic curve of the partially waved valve is determined. As long as the current actual characteristic does not yet match the target characteristic with the desired precision, the embossing is repeated with a further partial deformation. If a sufficiently precise correspondence is desired between the actual characteristic curve and the target characteristic curve, the embossing is ended. In this inventive way of embossing the spherical cap during assembly, a spherical cap with optimized, preferably optimal lateral guidance of the sealing ball is obtained, so that acoustic abnormalities are reduced, preferably avoided.

Die Figur 3 zeigt angeordnete Bauteile einer Ausführungsform eines Ventils 24, mit welchen eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Kalotte 26 ausgeführt wird. In dieser Figur 3 ist nur ein Teil der Bauteile des Ventils 24 gezeichnet, welche in der bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Einsatz gelangen. Eine Dichtkugel 32 bildet mit einem Ventilsitz 30 einen Ventilspalt 36 stromauf eines Ventilauslasses 46. Zum Schließen des Ventils wird die Dichtkugel 32 mit Hilfe der in einer Nadelführung 34 axial gelagerten Ventilnadel 28 gegen den Ventilsitz 30 in Axialrichtung 38 gedrückt. Die Bewegung wird mit Hilfe eines elektromechanischen Aktors bewirkt: Im Ventil 24 ist ein federbeaufschlagter Anker 48, welcher die Ventilnadel 28 kontaktiert, vorhanden, der mit Hilfe der Magnetwirkung einer Spule 52 in einem Polkern 50 in Axialrichtung 38 verlagerbar ist.The Figure 3 shows arranged components of an embodiment of a valve 24 with which a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a spherical cap 26 is carried out. In this Figure 3 only some of the components of the valve 24 are drawn, which are used in the preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention. A sealing ball 32 and a valve seat 30 form a valve gap 36 upstream of a valve outlet 46. To close the valve, the sealing ball 32 is pressed against the valve seat 30 in the axial direction 38 with the aid of the valve needle 28 axially mounted in a needle guide 34. The movement is effected with the aid of an electromechanical actuator: a spring-loaded armature 48, which contacts the valve needle 28, is present in the valve 24 and can be displaced in the axial direction 38 with the aid of the magnetic action of a coil 52 in a pole core 50.

Erfindungsgemäß wird der Anker 48 innerhalb des Ventils 24 durch eine Wechselspannung an einer Magnetspule gezielt in seine mechanische Resonanzschwingung versetzt. Die Magnetspule kann dabei die Spule 52 sein, es kann aber auch alternativ dazu eine andere Spule verwendet werden. Um eine höhere Energie einzutragen, kann eine Magnetspule zum Einsatz gelangen, welche größer als die Spule 52 ist und folglich stärkere Magnetkräfte erzeugen kann. Die mechanische Resonanzschwingung führt zu einem Hämmern des Ankers 48 auf die Ventilnadel 28 beziehungsweise zu einem Mitschwingen der Ventilnadel 28 und damit zu einem Einprägen der Dichtkugel 32 in die Kalotte 26.
In verbreitet zum Einsatz gelangenden Ventilen, insbesondere Hochdruckregelventilen, besteht der Anker 48 als solcher aus einem ferromagnetischen Weicheisen. Um zu vermeiden, dass sich die Stirnseite des Ankers 48 beim erfindungsgemäßen Prägen verformt, zum Beispiel dass sich die Ventilnadel 28 in die Stirnseite des Ankers 48 eingräbt, kann die Stirnseite gehärtet oder mit einem harten Inlet versehen sein.According to the invention, the armature 48 within the valve 24 is set into its mechanical resonance oscillation in a targeted manner by an alternating voltage on a magnet coil. The magnetic coil can be coil 52, but another coil can also be used as an alternative. In order to introduce a higher energy, a magnetic coil can be used which is larger than the coil 52 and can consequently generate stronger magnetic forces. The mechanical resonance oscillation leads to a hammering of the armature 48 on the valve needle 28 or to a co-oscillation of the valve needle 28 and thus to an impression of the sealing ball 32 in the spherical cap 26.
In valves that are widely used, in particular high-pressure control valves, the armature 48 as such consists of a ferromagnetic soft iron. In order to avoid that the end face of the armature 48 is deformed during the embossing according to the invention, for example that the valve needle 28 digs into the end face of the armature 48, the end face can be hardened or provided with a hard inlet.

Um die Resonanzfähigkeit des Ventils 24 ausnutzen zu können, ist es besonders vorteilhaft, das erfindungsgemäße Prägen ohne Füllung des Ventils mit Fluid, insbesondere für den Fall eines Hochdruckregelventils mit Kraftstoff oder Prüföl durchzuführen. Da ein Fluid im Ankerraum das Schwingungsverhalten ändert, insbesondere eine dämpfende Wirkung haben kann, bedarf es mit Füllung einer deutlich höheren Energiezufuhr von außen als ohne Füllung. In Funktion der konkreten Geometrien und Prozessparameter bestimmter Ausführungsformen kann eine mechanische Resonanzschwingung bei Vorhandensein von Fluid nicht mehr darstellbar sein. Das Ventil 24 kann daher während des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit Luft gefüllt sein oder sich im evakuierten Zustand befinden.In order to be able to utilize the resonance capability of the valve 24, it is particularly advantageous to carry out the embossing according to the invention without filling the valve with fluid, especially in the case of a high-pressure control valve with fuel or test oil. Since a fluid in the armature space changes the vibration behavior, in particular can have a damping effect, a significantly higher energy supply from outside is required with a filling than without a filling. As a function of the specific geometries and process parameters of certain embodiments, a mechanical resonance oscillation can no longer be represented in the presence of fluid. The valve 24 can therefore be filled with air during the method according to the invention or be in the evacuated state.

In der Figur 4 ist eine Anordnung, mit welcher eine alternative vorteilhafte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ausgeführt wird, dargestellt. In dieser Ausführungsform wird das Ventil noch nicht vollständig zusammengebaut. Die wesentlichen Bauteile, welche für das Prägen genutzt werden, sind bereits montiert: Ventilsitz, Dichtkugel sowie Ventilnadel in Nadelführung. Statt eines Anker wird ein Werkzeug 56, in dieser Ausführungsform ein Stahlkörper, in die Position des Anker gebracht. Dieses Werkzeug 56 weist eine Vertiefung 58 auf, welche über die Ventilnadel 28 greift. Die Höhe der Vertiefung ist dabei derart, dass nach dem Prägen und der dabei auftretenden Verkürzung der Ventilnadel 28 der Restluftspalt 54 zwischen Anker und Polkörper 50 mit Spule 52 entsteht.In the Figure 4 an arrangement with which an alternative advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is carried out is shown. In this embodiment, the valve is not yet fully assembled. The essential components that are used for embossing are already assembled: valve seat, sealing ball and valve needle in needle guide. Instead of an anchor, a tool 56, in this embodiment a steel body, is brought into the position of the anchor. This tool 56 has a recess 58 which engages over the valve needle 28. The height of the recess is such that after the embossing and the shortening of the valve needle 28 that occurs in the process, the residual air gap 54 arises between the armature and the pole body 50 with the coil 52.

Die Länge der Ventilnadel 28 im Ursprungszustand bestimmt dann die Stärke der Feinprägung an der Kalotte. Im Zustand vor dem Prägen der Kalotte ist die Ventilnadel 28 zu lang und der aktuelle Restluftspalt zu groß. Mittels einer Presskraft 60 in axialer Richtung der Ventilnadel auf den Ventilsitz wirkend wird das Werkzeug 56 nun bis zum mechanischen Anschlag an den Polkern 50 verfahren. Dabei prägt sich die Dichtkugel in die Kalotte der Nadelspitze weiter ein, so dass eine Flächenberührung zwischen Dichtkugel und Nadelspitze entsteht (siehe Teilbild B der Figur 2).The length of the valve needle 28 in the original state then determines the strength of the fine embossing on the dome. In the state before the embossing of the dome, the valve needle 28 is too long and the current remaining air gap too large. By means of a pressing force 60 acting on the valve seat in the axial direction of the valve needle, the tool 56 is now moved up to the mechanical stop on the pole core 50. The sealing ball is further impressed in the dome of the needle tip so that surface contact is created between the sealing ball and the needle tip (see part B of Figure 2 ).

Für das erfindungsgemäße Prägen werden die Kräfte und Materialien so gewählt, dass nur eine Verformung an der Kalotte stattfindet. Der erreichte Restluftspalt wird auch in dieser alternativen Ausführungsform geprüft, indem die aktuelle nach einem Prägen erreichte Kennlinie geprüft wird. Eine oder mehrere Nachprägungen werden bis zum Erreichen der Soll-Kennlinie durchgeführt. Sollte die Ventilnadel überprägt, also kürzer als eine minimale Schwelle sein, muss das Ventil aussortiert werden. Der Restluftspalt kann alternativ dazu rein mechanisch gemessen werden und als Kriterium zur Begrenzung der Prägetiefe genutzt werden.For the embossing according to the invention, the forces and materials are selected so that only one deformation takes place on the dome. The remaining air gap achieved is also checked in this alternative embodiment by checking the current characteristic curve achieved after embossing. One or more replicas are carried out until the target characteristic is reached. If the valve needle is overprinted, i.e. shorter than a minimum threshold, the valve must be rejected. Alternatively, the remaining air gap can be measured purely mechanically and used as a criterion for limiting the embossing depth.

Alternativ zur Nutzung eines Werkzeugs mit Vertiefung kann in einer anderen Ausführungsform der Anker des elektromechanischen Aktors selbst genutzt werden. Dabei muss nach einzelnen Prägungen der Restluftspalt jeweils messtechnisch erfasst und Prägungen müssen so lange wiederholt werden, bis der Soll-Wert für den Restluftspalt erreicht wird.As an alternative to using a tool with a recess, the armature of the electromechanical actuator itself can be used in another embodiment. After each embossing, the remaining air gap must be measured and embossing must be repeated until the target value for the remaining air gap is reached.

Bei den verschiedenen vorgestellten Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann in einer Weiterentwicklung das Ventil, genauer gesagt die Nadelspitze der Ventilnadel, gezielt erwärmt werden, um eine plastische Verformung der Nadelspitze geeignet zu unterstützen. Dabei wird vorteilhafterweise ein weiteres Setzungsverhalten an der Kalotte im Betrieb vorweggenommen.In the various presented embodiments of the method according to the invention, in a further development the valve, more precisely the needle tip of the valve needle, can be heated in a targeted manner in order to suitably support plastic deformation of the needle tip. A further settlement behavior on the dome during operation is advantageously anticipated.

Ein erfindungsgemäß hergestelltes Hochdruckregelventil ist insbesondere einsetzbar in einer Common-Rail Kraftstoffzufuhr eines Motors, insbesondere eines Dieselmotors.A high-pressure control valve produced according to the invention can be used in particular in a common rail fuel supply of an engine, in particular a diesel engine.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

1010
Bereitstellen der BauteileProvision of the components
1212
Montieren der BauteileAssemble the components
1414th
Prägen einer KalotteEmbossing a dome
1616
BestimmenDetermine
1818th
WiederholenTo repeat
2020th
Fertigstellen des VentilsCompletion of the valve
2424
VentilValve
2626th
KalotteCalotte
2828
VentilnadelValve needle
3030th
VentilsitzValve seat
3232
DichtkugelSealing ball
3434
NadelführungNeedle guide
3636
VentilspaltValve gap
3838
AxialrichtungAxial direction
4040
NadelspitzeNeedle point
4242
RingberührungRing contact
4444
FlächenberührungSurface contact
4646
VentilauslassValve outlet
4848
Ankeranchor
5050
PolkernPole core
5252
SpuleKitchen sink
5454
RestluftspaltResidual air gap
5656
WerkzeugTool
5858
Vertiefungdeepening
6060
PresskraftPressing force

Claims (4)

  1. Method for producing a well (26) in a valve needle (28) of a valve (24) having a valve seat (30), (32) a sealing ball, and a needle guide (34), in which a space between the valve seat (30) and the sealing ball (32) forms a valve gap (36) and the needle guide (34) bears the valve needle (28) so that it is axially movable, having the steps that the sealing ball (32) and the valve needle (28) are provided with a needle tip (40) and a well (26) for contacting the sealing ball (32) is generated in the needle tip (40), wherein the well (26) is at least partially impressed due to an application of force of the sealing ball (32); wherein the valve needle (28) is secured against a rotation in the needle guide (34) via a positive fit and/or a non-positive fit; wherein the valve seat (30), the sealing ball (32), the valve needle (28), and the needle guide (34) are assembled before the well (26) is at least partially impressed,
    characterized in that
    the valve (24) is assembled insofar as that an electromechanical actuator of the valve (24) is operatively connected to the valve needle (28) in order to move the valve needle (28), and that the application of force is applied by means of the electromechanical actuator, wherein the application of force is applied in that the sealing ball (32) is induced to oscillate between the valve seat (30) and the needle tip (40) of the valve needle (28), wherein a resonance excitation given a small external application of force is utilized.
  2. Method for producing a well (26) in a valve needle (28) according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the impressed depth of the well and/or a residual air gap (56) between an armature (48) and a pole core (50) of the valve (24) is checked after impressing.
  3. Method for producing a well (26) in a valve needle (28) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    a valve characteristic curve is determined after the impressing.
  4. Method for producing a well (26) in a valve needle (28) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    upon impressing, no working fluids are present in one or more spaces between components of the valve (24), and/or one or more spaces between components of the valve (24) are evacuated.
EP17769102.9A 2016-10-04 2017-09-21 Method for producing a well in a valve needle of a valve Active EP3523533B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102016219151.9A DE102016219151A1 (en) 2016-10-04 2016-10-04 Method for producing a dome in a valve needle of a valve
PCT/EP2017/073845 WO2018065221A1 (en) 2016-10-04 2017-09-21 Method for producing a well in a valve needle of a valve

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EP3523533B1 true EP3523533B1 (en) 2020-11-11

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DE102018209332A1 (en) * 2018-06-12 2019-12-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Valve and high pressure fuel pump and their manufacture

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DE8026084U1 (en) 1980-09-30 1981-02-19 Erwin Hengstler Hydraulik GmbH, 7613 Hausach ADJUSTABLE PRESSURE VALVE
US6240947B1 (en) * 1999-08-24 2001-06-05 Alliedsignal Truck Brake Systems Company Solenoid valve seat and method of making same
DE102005032461A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2007-01-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Active anchor stroke adjustment for fuel injectors
DE102009041591B4 (en) * 2009-09-15 2012-02-02 Hydraulik-Ring Gmbh magnetic valve
DE102011012548A1 (en) * 2011-02-26 2012-08-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for manufacturing valve e.g. check valve used in pneumatic system, involves annealing and heat-pressing sealing surfaces made of plastic material, with respect to each other
FR2973092B1 (en) * 2011-03-25 2016-09-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert SHUTTERING DEVICE, PRESSURE REGULATOR COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE, DIESEL INJECTION DEVICE COMPRISING SUCH A REGULATOR, DIESEL ENGINE AND VEHICLE COMPRISING SUCH AN ENGINE
FR3002003A1 (en) * 2013-02-11 2014-08-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN ELECTROMAGNETICALLY CONTROLLED VALVE
DE102013213419A1 (en) 2013-07-09 2015-01-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh New plunger tip geometry for a pressure control valve

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