EP3520125A1 - Electromagnetic positioning system and operating method - Google Patents

Electromagnetic positioning system and operating method

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Publication number
EP3520125A1
EP3520125A1 EP17771685.9A EP17771685A EP3520125A1 EP 3520125 A1 EP3520125 A1 EP 3520125A1 EP 17771685 A EP17771685 A EP 17771685A EP 3520125 A1 EP3520125 A1 EP 3520125A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
operating state
adjusting
control
induction signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17771685.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3520125B1 (en
Inventor
Jörg BÜRSSNER
Peter Vincon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ETO Magnetic GmbH
Original Assignee
ETO Magnetic GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ETO Magnetic GmbH filed Critical ETO Magnetic GmbH
Publication of EP3520125A1 publication Critical patent/EP3520125A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3520125B1 publication Critical patent/EP3520125B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/064—Circuit arrangements for actuating electromagnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1872—Bistable or bidirectional current devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1669—Armatures actuated by current pulse, e.g. bistable actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1684—Armature position measurement using coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1692—Electromagnets or actuators with two coils

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic control system, in particular a Ventiltriebverstellsystem for internal combustion engines, preferably in motor vehicles, according to the preamble of claim 1, comprising a bistable electromagnetic actuator with an adjustable along an adjustment between a retraction position and a Ausschubposition, at least partially permanent magnet means having, in particular supporting, Control element for interacting with a control partner, in particular a cam follower, wherein the permanent magnet means are adjustable by adjusting the adjusting element along the adjustment axis between a first and a second, axially spaced core region, and in the retraction position of the actuating element with a permanent magnetic holding force on the first core region and in hold the Ausschubposition of the actuating element with a permanent magnetic holding force to the second core region, in particular adhere , and with a first and a second coil means, which are controllable via drive means, and the drive means are the first and the second coil means controlled such that in a first operating state for adjusting the actuating element from the retraction position to
  • the first and the second core area serve as axial stops for the adjusting element, which then abuts the Verstellendpositionen to each core area.
  • the permanent magnet means are enclosed between two axially spaced pole discs, which then abut in the end positions directly on the respective core region.
  • the pole disks in particular have a mechanical protective function in the axial abutment of the actuating element for the generally brittle permanent magnet means.
  • the permanent magnet means are preferably magnetized in the axial direction.
  • Such electromagnetic control systems are used in particular for camshaft adjustment when the actuator is not automatically reset by rotation of the camshaft after the camshaft adjustment from the Ausschubposition in the retraction position.
  • the actuator In such Nockenverstellsystemen the actuator must be actively adjusted via the second coil means back to the retraction position.
  • the adjusting movement of the actuating element is monitored by a control element associated with the Hall sensor arranged in a region between the coil means.
  • camshaft adjusting systems described in the applicant's DE 102 40 774 B4 are known whose electromagnetic actuating device comprises only a single coil device with which the actuating element carrying permanent magnet means can be accelerated in the direction of its ejection position. The rear skewing takes place in such control systems by mechanical application of force to the actuating element via the camshaft. From DE 10 2004 030 779 A1 another, not generic electromagnetic control system with a single coil device is known.
  • This coil device serves as a sensor coil for the detection of an induction signal, which is generated by the mechanical remindvers notorious of the actuating element from the Ausschubposition in the retraction position in order to detect a malfunction of the valve lift back to the retraction position in the absence of induction signal can.
  • the known adjusting device is not suitable for use in control tasks in which no automatic,versander the actuator is given, since the actuator then stick with its permanent magnet means permanent magnet in the Ausschubposition. In addition, no malfunctioning with respect to the adjustment of the actuating element from the feed position to the Ausschubposition can be detected with the known control system.
  • Generic control systems are used in the context of automotive valve trains of internal combustion engines for switching cam followers, such as toggle levers, for actuating gas exchange valves with different valve lifts and / or valve timing or their temporary deactivation.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an improved control system, in particular for adjusting a cam follower as part of a valve train of a motor vehicle engine comprising a bistable electromagnetic actuator whose
  • Permanent magnet means exhibiting actuator with two coil devices active electromagnetically in two opposite axial directions is adjustable and also by extended diagnostic and monitoring options in terms of a proper adjustment of the control element is characterized. In a preferred embodiment, it should be possible to check adjusting movements of the adjusting element in both axial directions. It should be possible to dispense with the (additional) Hall sensor necessary in the prior art.
  • the object is to provide a correspondingly improved operating method for such an electromagnetic control system.
  • the second coil means evaluation means for detecting an adjustable by adjusting the adjusting element along the adjustment axis from the retraction position to the Ausschubposition induction signal, in particular an electrical voltage signal are assigned, and that the drive means are designed such that they switch the second coil means in the first operating state at least during a detection phase for detecting the induction signal, preferably during the entire first operating state, energized (de-energized), and / or that the first coil means evaluation for detecting an induction signal, in particular an electrical voltage signal, which can be generated by adjusting the adjusting element along the adjustment axis from the ejection position into the pull-in position Is, are assigned, and that the drive means are designed such that these switch the first coil means in the second operating state, at least during a detection phase for detecting the induction signal, preferably during the entire second operating state, de-energized (de-energized).
  • the drive means are designed such that these switch the first coil means in the second operating state, at least during a detection phase for detecting the induction signal,
  • the invention is based on the idea to control a generic electromagnetic control system or its bistable electromagnetic actuator such that in the first operating state (operating mode) in which the actuator is adjusted by energizing the first coil means from the retraction position to the Ausschubposition the second coil means as Sensor coil is used.
  • these evaluation means are associated with which an induction signal, in particular an electrical voltage signal is detectable, which is generated by electromagnetic induction, when the permanent magnet means having actuator is adjusted by energizing the first coil means axially along the adjustment axis of the retraction position to the Ausschubposition.
  • the second Coil means is connected so that it is at least temporarily de-energized during the first operating state, in particular during energization of the first coil means. It is particularly preferred if this de-energized state continues over the entire time duration of the first operating state, ie from the beginning of the energization of the first coil device until reaching the ejection position by the actuating element. During the de-energized period of time of the second coil device in the first operating state, this is thus not available for an electromagnetic application of force to the actuating element in support of its adjustment movement.
  • the embodiment of the invention described above it is now possible to monitor in a generic control system, (if at all) whether and / or whether timely within predetermined time limits, an adjustment of the control element from the pull-out position is carried out in the Ausschubposition.
  • an actuating system in addition to the above-described embodiment variant or functionality of an actuating system according to the invention, it is provided that, in particular, a monitoring of the actuating operation from the Ausschubposition back into the retraction position is realized by the second operating state (operating mode) of the first coil means previously explained Sensor coil functionality is assigned by this evaluation are assigned to detect an induction signal, in particular an electromagnetic voltage signal which is induced by the actuator in the first coil means when the actuator accelerated or adjusted by energizing the second coil means from the Ausschubposition in the direction of retraction position becomes.
  • the first coil device In order for the first coil device to be able to fulfill its sensor coil functionality, it is provided according to the invention that these are actuated by the actuation means at least temporarily during the second operating state, in particular while the second coil device is energized or is, is not energized. It is very particularly preferred if the first coil device is de-energized over the entire duration of the second operating state, ie from the beginning of the energization of the second coil device until reaching the retraction position by the control element.
  • the magnetically conductive actuating element has, at least in sections, permanent magnet means, which in turn are accommodated or arranged at least in sections, preferably completely between the two core regions, and are adjustable between the core regions.
  • the permanent magnet means are disc-shaped and arranged on or on a plunger or tappet portion of the adjusting element, which may be formed in one or more parts and, as will be explained later, in particular exclusively, the second core region axially interspersed with an engaging portion, in particular an end portion to cooperate with a control partner, in particular a camshaft follower, in particular to switch this in the context of a valve train of a motor vehicle engine, for example, to operate at least one gas exchange valve with different valve strokes and / or different timing or its Zeitweiser deactivation.
  • a plunger or tappet portion of the adjusting element which may be formed in one or more parts and, as will be explained later, in particular exclusively, the second core region axially interspersed with an engaging portion, in particular an end portion to cooperate with a control partner, in particular a camshaft follower, in particular to switch this in the context of a valve train of a motor vehicle engine, for example, to operate at least one gas exchange valve with different valve strokes and / or different timing
  • the evaluation or detection of the induction signal of the on-board diagnosis of engine control systems used to monitor the valve lift adjustment with functional verification.
  • it can be detected with the system according to the invention whether a requested or controlled adjusting movement of the actuating element was successful axially in the direction of the ejection position and / or axially in the direction of the retraction position, i.
  • the evaluation means and / or the control means know the actual or current position of the control element and can take this into account accordingly.
  • the evaluation means emit a corresponding error signal in response to an absence of an induction signal and / or a time-delayed induction signal, which characterizes an adjustment movement which has not taken place or which has been delayed and / or the evaluation means store a corresponding one error information.
  • the evaluation means may be designed to output a corresponding acknowledgment signal in response to a, in particular timely, received induction signal and / or to store a corresponding acknowledgment information.
  • control means are designed to output a renewed drive signal to the first or second coil device in response to a lack of an induction signal to adjust the actuator after not successful adjusting movement in the desired axial direction or to drive again in this direction ,
  • the adjusting device of the actuating system it is preferred, in particular with regard to cam follower switching tasks, when the actuating element is arranged axially passing through the second core region with a tappet section.
  • a corresponding passage opening in particular through-bore, is preferably provided in the second core area for this purpose.
  • the adjusting element it is particularly expedient for the adjusting element to penetrate axially only the second core region, but not for the first core region, which in that respect preferably then has no axial passage opening.
  • Such an adjusting device is characterized in that the adjusting element penetrates only one end of a housing of the adjusting device.
  • the actuator is associated with a control partner in the context of the system, in particular a cam follower, which is characterized in that no or at least no sufficient mechanical restoring force is exerted by this for adjusting the actuating element from the Ausschubposition in the retraction position or exercisable.
  • the first coil means in particular by the provision of a larger number of windings, is dimensioned more powerful than the second coil means, as in particular the adjustment of the Retraction position in the Ausschubposition is time-critical, while the remindvers republic can take a longer period of time.
  • the evaluation means in particular the two embodiments executed at the outset for detecting an induction signal for adjusting both in the one and in the other axial means and the drive means for the coil means of a common logic unit, in particular a motor control are formed.
  • FIG. 1 is a highly schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of an electromagnetic actuating system according to the invention.
  • electromagnetic control system 1 in the present example, a Ventiltriebverstellsystem for internal combustion engines, especially in motor vehicles, shown.
  • the electromagnetic actuating system 1 comprises a bistable, electromagnetic actuating device 2 with an actuating element 3 which can be displaced along an adjustment axis V between an illustrated retraction position E and an axially displaced ejection position A.
  • the actuating element 3 comprises a magnetically conductive plunger section 4 which carries axially magnetized permanent magnet means 5, which are arranged axially between two magnetically conductive, preferably metallic pole disks 6, 7. In the retracted position E, the actuating element 3 is shown with a held by the permanent magnet means 5 permanent magnetic holding force to a first core region 8.
  • the permanent magnet means 5 are located within a magnetic flux-conducting actuator housing 15, via which the two, preferably mutually produced by the two coil devices 10, 1 1 magnetic flux circuits are closed.
  • the actuating element 3 adheres via a permanent magnetic adhesive force of the permanent magnet means 5 in an analogous manner to a second core region 9, which is axially spaced from the first core region 8.
  • the core regions 8, 9 simultaneously form axial stops for the adjusting element 3, in that the pole disks 6, 7 rest in the corresponding position on the respective core region 8, 9.
  • the adjusting device 2 comprises a first coil device 10, which in the present case surrounds the first core region 8 radially outside.
  • the adjusting device 2 comprises a further axially spaced, second coil device 1 1, which surrounds the second core region 9.
  • the two coil devices 1 0, 1 1 are associated with control means 12, as well as later to be explained evaluation means 13, wherein control means 12 and evaluation means 13 are formed by common logic means 14.
  • the control means 12 control the first coil device 10 with a drive signal (electrical energization), on the basis of which the first coil device 10 generates a magnetic field which counteracts the permanent magnetic magnetic field.
  • the first coil device 10 generates a counterforce to the permanent-magnetic holding or adhesive force of the permanent magnet means 5 by the drive signal, as a result of which Permanent magnet means 5 and the actuator 3 are repelled from the first core portion 8 in the direction of Ausschubposition A, causing the actuator 3 moves into its Ausschubposition A and thus the plunger section 4 is axially moved further out of the Stellvoriquessgephase 15 to a Stellpartner, not shown , in the present case cooperate by way of example a cam follower in a conventional manner.
  • the actuating element 3 for this purpose passes through a central passage opening 16 in the second core area 9 - the first core area 8 is closed or has no passage opening 16.
  • the control means 12 switch during this first operating state, the second coil means 1 1, which is designed less powerful than the first coil means 1 0 de-energized.
  • the second coil device 1 1 has the function of a sensor coil in which an induction signal, in the present case an electrical voltage is induced by the previously described adjusting movement from the retraction position E to the Ausschubposition A.
  • This is detected by the evaluation means 13 and further processed, in particular in cooperation with the control means 12. In this way it is possible to monitor the Ausschubvorgang or actuation process for actuating the control partner. It is thus detectable whether the desired or controlled adjusting movement of the actuating element 3 actually takes place or has taken place.
  • a second operating state the control element 3 located in the ejection position A is moved back into the retracted position E shown.
  • the control means 12 control the second coil means 1 1 with a drive signal which exerts a repulsive counterforce to the permanent magnetic holding force on the control element 3, whereby this from the second core region 9 in Direction towards the first core area 8 is repelled.
  • the control means 12, the first coil means 1 0 energized, which thereby has the functionality of a sensor coil and detects an induction signal, which by the axial adjustment movement of the control element 3 with its permanent magnet means 5 in the winding of the first coil means 10 in the form of an electrical Voltage is induced.
  • This induction signal in the present case an electrical voltage signal, is detected by the evaluation means 13 and, preferably, further processed together with the control means 12. In this way it is possible to monitor an adjusting movement of the adjusting element 3 from the Ausschubposition A back to the retraction position E.

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromagnetic positioning system (1), in particular a valve train adjustment system for internal combustion engines, comprising a bistable electromagnetic setting device (2) having a setting element (3) for interaction with a setting partner, said setting element being adjustable along an adjusting axis (A) between an entry position (E) and a discharge position (A) and having permanent magnet means (5), at least in sections.

Description

Elektromagnetisches Stellsystem sowie Betriebs verfahren  Electromagnetic positioning system and operating procedures
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektromagnetisches Stellsystem, insbesondere ein Ventiltriebverstellsystem für Verbrennungsmotoren, bevorzugt in Kraftfahrzeugen, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 , umfassend eine bistabile elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung mit einem entlang einer Verstellachse zwischen einer Einzugsposition und einer Ausschubposition verstellbaren, zumindest abschnittsweise Permanentmagnetmittel aufweisenden, insbesondere tragenden, Stellelement zum Zusammenwirken mit einem Stellpartner, insbesondere einem Nockenfolger, wobei die Permanentmagnetmittel durch Verstellen des Stellelementes entlang der Verstellachse zwischen einem ersten und einem zweiten, axial voneinander beabstandeten Kernbereich verstellbar sind, und in der Einzugsposition des Stellelementes mit einer permanentmagnetischen Haltekraft am ersten Kernbereich und in der Ausschubposition des Stellelementes mit einer permanentmagnetischen Haltekraft an dem zweiten Kernbereich halten, insbesondere haften, und mit einer ersten und einer zweiten Spuleneinrichtung, die über Ansteuermittel ansteuerbar sind, und die Ansteuermittel die erste und die zweite Spuleneinrichtung derart ansteuernd ausgebildet sind, dass in einem ersten Betriebszustand zum Verstellen des Stellelementes aus der Einzugsposition in die Ausschubposition die erste Spuleneinrichtung als Reaktion auf ein elektrisches Ansteuersignal der Ansteuermittel eine der Haltekraft der Permanentmagnetmittel entgegenwirkende, die Permanentmagnetmittel abstoßende und von dem ersten Kernbereich lösende Gegenkraft erzeugt und in einem zweiten Betriebszustand zum Verstellen des Stellelements aus der Ausschubposition in die Einzugsposition und die zweite Spuleneinrichtung als Reaktion auf ein elektrisches Ansteuersignal der Ansteuermittel eine der Haltekraft der Permanentmagnetmittel entgegenwirkende, die Permanentmagnetmittel abstoßende und von dem zweiten Kernbereich lösende Gegenkraft erzeugt. Vorzugsweise dienen der erste und der zweite Kernbereich als Axialanschläge für das Stellelement, welches dann den Verstellendpositionen an jeweils einem Kernbereich anliegt. Bevorzugt sind die Permanentmagnetmittel zwischen zwei axial beabstandeten Polscheiben eingefasst, die dann in den Endpositionen unmittelbar am jeweiligen Kernbereich anliegen. Die Polscheiben haben dabei insbesondere eine mechanische Schutzfunktion beim axialen Anschlagen des Stellelements für die in der Regel spröden Permanentmagnetmittel. Die Permanentmagnetmittel sind bevorzugt in axialer Richtung magnetisiert. The invention relates to an electromagnetic control system, in particular a Ventiltriebverstellsystem for internal combustion engines, preferably in motor vehicles, according to the preamble of claim 1, comprising a bistable electromagnetic actuator with an adjustable along an adjustment between a retraction position and a Ausschubposition, at least partially permanent magnet means having, in particular supporting, Control element for interacting with a control partner, in particular a cam follower, wherein the permanent magnet means are adjustable by adjusting the adjusting element along the adjustment axis between a first and a second, axially spaced core region, and in the retraction position of the actuating element with a permanent magnetic holding force on the first core region and in hold the Ausschubposition of the actuating element with a permanent magnetic holding force to the second core region, in particular adhere , and with a first and a second coil means, which are controllable via drive means, and the drive means are the first and the second coil means controlled such that in a first operating state for adjusting the actuating element from the retraction position to the Ausschubposition the first coil means in response in a second operating state for adjusting the actuating element from the Ausschubposition in the retraction position and the second coil means in response to an electrical drive signal of the drive means of a counter to the holding force of the permanent magnet means counteracting, the permanent magnet means repelling and releasing from the first core area Drive means one of the holding force of the permanent magnet means counteracting, the permanent magnet means produces repulsive and by the second core area releasing counterforce. Preferably, the first and the second core area serve as axial stops for the adjusting element, which then abuts the Verstellendpositionen to each core area. Preferably, the permanent magnet means are enclosed between two axially spaced pole discs, which then abut in the end positions directly on the respective core region. The pole disks in particular have a mechanical protective function in the axial abutment of the actuating element for the generally brittle permanent magnet means. The permanent magnet means are preferably magnetized in the axial direction.
Solche elektromagnetischen Stellsysteme werden insbesondere dann zur Nockenwellenverstellung eingesetzt, wenn das Stellelement durch Rotation der Nockenwelle nicht automatisch nach erfolgter Nockenwellenverstellung aus der Ausschubposition in die Einzugsposition zurückverstellt wird. Bei derartigen Nockenverstellsystemen muss das Stellelement über die zweite Spuleneinrichtung aktiv zurück in die Einzugsposition verstellt werden. Bei einem derartigen gattungsgemäßen Stellsystem wird die Verstellbewegung des Stellelementes von einem dem Stellelement zugeordneten, in einem Bereich zwischen den Spuleneinrichtungen angeordneten Hall-Sensor überwacht. Such electromagnetic control systems are used in particular for camshaft adjustment when the actuator is not automatically reset by rotation of the camshaft after the camshaft adjustment from the Ausschubposition in the retraction position. In such Nockenverstellsystemen the actuator must be actively adjusted via the second coil means back to the retraction position. In such a generic control system, the adjusting movement of the actuating element is monitored by a control element associated with the Hall sensor arranged in a region between the coil means.
Neben den zuvor erläuterten elektromagnetischen Stellsystemen sind beispielsweise in der DE 102 40 774 B4 der Anmelderin beschriebene Nockenwellenverstellsysteme bekannt, deren elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung nur eine einzige Spuleneinrichtung umfasst, mit der das Permanentmagnetmittel tragende Stellelement in Richtung seiner Ausschubposition beschleunigbar ist. Die Rückversteilung erfolgt bei derartigen Stellsystemen durch mechanische Kraftbeaufschlagung des Stellelementes über die Nockenwelle. Aus der DE 10 2004 030 779 A1 ist ein weiteres, nicht gattungsgemäßes elektromagnetisches Stellsystem mit einer einzigen Spuleneinrichtung bekannt. Diese Spuleneinrichtung dient als Sensorspule zur Detektion eines Induktionssignals, welches erzeugt wird durch die mechanische Rückversteilung des Stellelementes aus der Ausschubposition in die Einzugsposition, um eine Fehlfunktionalität der Ventilhubverstellung zurück in die Einzugsposition bei ausbleibendem Induktionssignal detektieren zu können. Die bekannte Stellvorrichtung ist nicht für den Einsatz bei Stellaufgaben geeignet, bei denen keine automatische Rückversteilung des Stellelementes gegeben ist, da das Stellelement dann mit seinen Permanentmagnetmitteln permanentmagnetisch in der Ausschubposition haften bleibt. Darüber hinaus können mit dem bekannten Stellsystem keine Fehlfunktionalitäten in Bezug auf das Verstellen des Stellelementes von der Einzugsposition in die Ausschubposition detektiert werden. In addition to the previously described electromagnetic actuating systems, camshaft adjusting systems described in the applicant's DE 102 40 774 B4 are known whose electromagnetic actuating device comprises only a single coil device with which the actuating element carrying permanent magnet means can be accelerated in the direction of its ejection position. The rear skewing takes place in such control systems by mechanical application of force to the actuating element via the camshaft. From DE 10 2004 030 779 A1 another, not generic electromagnetic control system with a single coil device is known. This coil device serves as a sensor coil for the detection of an induction signal, which is generated by the mechanical Rückversteilung of the actuating element from the Ausschubposition in the retraction position in order to detect a malfunction of the valve lift back to the retraction position in the absence of induction signal can. The known adjusting device is not suitable for use in control tasks in which no automatic Rückversteilung the actuator is given, since the actuator then stick with its permanent magnet means permanent magnet in the Ausschubposition. In addition, no malfunctioning with respect to the adjustment of the actuating element from the feed position to the Ausschubposition can be detected with the known control system.
Gattungsgemäße Stellsysteme werden im Rahmen von Kfz-Ventiltrieben von Verbrennungsmotoren zum Schalten von Nockenfolgern, wie Kniehebeln, zur Betätigung von Gaswechselventilen mit unterschiedlichen Ventilhüben und/oder Ventilsteuerzeiten oder zu deren zeitweiser Deaktivierung eingesetzt. Generic control systems are used in the context of automotive valve trains of internal combustion engines for switching cam followers, such as toggle levers, for actuating gas exchange valves with different valve lifts and / or valve timing or their temporary deactivation.
Ausgehend von dem vorgenannten Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein verbessertes Stellsystem, insbesondere zum Verstellen eines Nockenfolgers als Bestandteil eines Ventiltriebes eines Kfz- Verbrennungsmotors anzugeben, das eine bistabile elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung umfasst, derenBased on the aforementioned prior art, the present invention seeks to provide an improved control system, in particular for adjusting a cam follower as part of a valve train of a motor vehicle engine comprising a bistable electromagnetic actuator whose
Permanentmagnetmittel aufweisendes Stellelement mit zwei Spuleneinrichtungen aktiv elektromagnetisch in zwei einander entgegengesetzte Axialrichtungen verstellbar ist und sich zudem durch erweiterte Diagnose- bzw. Überwachungsmöglichkeiten im Hinblick auf eine ordnungsgemäße Verstellbewegung des Stellelementes auszeichnet. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform soll es möglich sein Verstellbewegungen des Verstellelementes in beide Axialrichtungen zu prüfen. Dabei soll auf den im Stand der Technik notwendigen (zusätzlichen) Hall-Sensor verzichtet werden können. Permanent magnet means exhibiting actuator with two coil devices active electromagnetically in two opposite axial directions is adjustable and also by extended diagnostic and monitoring options in terms of a proper adjustment of the control element is characterized. In a preferred embodiment, it should be possible to check adjusting movements of the adjusting element in both axial directions. It should be possible to dispense with the (additional) Hall sensor necessary in the prior art.
Ferner besteht die Aufgabe darin, ein entsprechend verbessertes Betriebsverfahren für ein solches elektromagnetisches Stellsystem anzugeben. Furthermore, the object is to provide a correspondingly improved operating method for such an electromagnetic control system.
Diese Aufgabe wird hinsichtlich des elektromagnetischen Stellsystems mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst, d.h. bei einem gattungsgemäßen Stellsystem dadurch, dass der zweiten Spuleneinrichtung Auswertemittel zum Detektieren eines durch Verstellen des Stellelementes entlang der Verstellachse von der Einzugsposition in die Ausschubposition erzeugbares Induktionssignals, insbesondere eines elektrischen Spannungssignals, zugeordnet sind, und dass die Ansteuermittel derart ausgebildet sind, dass diese die zweite Spuleneinrichtung im ersten Betriebszustand zumindest während einer Detektionsphase zum Detektieren des Induktionssignals, bevorzugt während des gesamten ersten Betriebszustandes, unbestromt (stromlos) schalten, und/oder dass der ersten Spuleneinrichtung Auswertemittel zum Detektieren eines durch Verstellen des Stellelementes entlang der Verstellachse von der Ausschubposition in die Einzugsposition erzeugbares Induktionssignals, insbesondere eines elektrischen Spannungssignals, zugeordnet sind, und dass die Ansteuermittel derart ausgebildet sind, dass diese die erste Spuleneinrichtung im zweiten Betriebszustand zumindest während einer Detektionsphase zum Detektieren des Induktionssignals, bevorzugt während des gesamten zweiten Betriebszustandes, unbestromt (stromlos) schalten. Ganz besonders bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den der zweiten Spuleneinrichtung und den der ersten Spuleneinrichtung zugeordneten Auswertemittel um gemeinsame Auswertemittel. This object is achieved in terms of the electromagnetic control system with the features of claim 1, ie in a generic control system characterized in that the second coil means evaluation means for detecting an adjustable by adjusting the adjusting element along the adjustment axis from the retraction position to the Ausschubposition induction signal, in particular an electrical voltage signal , are assigned, and that the drive means are designed such that they switch the second coil means in the first operating state at least during a detection phase for detecting the induction signal, preferably during the entire first operating state, energized (de-energized), and / or that the first coil means evaluation for detecting an induction signal, in particular an electrical voltage signal, which can be generated by adjusting the adjusting element along the adjustment axis from the ejection position into the pull-in position Is, are assigned, and that the drive means are designed such that these switch the first coil means in the second operating state, at least during a detection phase for detecting the induction signal, preferably during the entire second operating state, de-energized (de-energized). Most preferably, the the second coil means and the evaluation means associated with the first coil means are common evaluation means.
Hinsichtlich des Verfahrens wird die Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 9 gelöst. With regard to the method, the object is achieved with the features of claim 9.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. In den Rahmen der Erfindung fallen sämtliche Kombinationen aus zumindest zwei von in der Beschreibung, den Ansprüchen und/oder den Figuren offenbarten Merkmalen. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims. All combinations of at least two features disclosed in the description, the claims and / or the figures fall within the scope of the invention.
Zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen sollen vorrichtungsgemäß offenbarte Merkmale auch als verfahrensgemäß offenbart gelten und beanspruchbar sein. Ebenso sollen verfahrensgemäß offenbarte Merkmale auch als vorrichtungsgemäß offenbart gelten und beanspruchbar sein. In order to avoid repetition, features disclosed in accordance with the device should also be regarded as disclosed according to the method and be able to be claimed. Likewise, according to the method disclosed features should also be considered as disclosed device and claimable.
Der Erfindung liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, ein gattungsgemäßes elektromagnetisches Stellsystem bzw. dessen bistabile elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung derart anzusteuern, dass in dem ersten Betriebszustand (Betriebsmodus), in welchem das Stellelement durch Bestromen der ersten Spuleneinrichtung von der Einzugposition in die Ausschubposition verstellt wird die zweite Spuleneinrichtung als Sensorspule genutzt wird. Zu diesem Zweck sind dieser Auswertemittel zugeordnet, mit denen ein Induktionssignal, insbesondere ein elektrisches Spannungssignal detektierbar ist, welches durch elektromagnetische Induktion erzeugt wird, wenn das Permanentmagnetmittel aufweisende Stellelement durch Bestromen der ersten Spuleneinrichtung axial entlang der Verstellachse von der Einzugsposition in die Ausschubposition verstellt wird. Damit die zweite Spuleneinrichtung die Sensorspulenfunktion erfüllen kann ist weiter vorgesehen, dass die zweite Spuleneinrichtung so beschaltet ist, dass diese zumindest zeitweise während des ersten Betriebszustandes, insbesondere während einer Bestromung der ersten Spuleneinrichtung unbestromt ist. Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn dieser unbestromte Zustand über die gesamte Zeitdauer des ersten Betriebszustandes anhält, also von Beginn der Bestromung der ersten Spuleneinrichtung bis zum Erreichen der Ausschubposition durch das Stellelement. Während der unbestromten Zeitspanne der zweiten Spuleneinrichtung im ersten Betriebszustand steht diese somit nicht für eine elektromagnetische Kraftbeaufschlagung des Stellelementes zur Unterstützung seiner Verstellbewegung zur Verfügung. Durch die zuvor beschriebene Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist es erstmals möglich, bei einem gattungsgemäßen Stellsystem zu überwachen, (überhaupt) ob und/oder ob rechtzeitig innerhalb vorgegebener Zeitgrenzen, eine Verstellung des Stellelementes von der Auszugsposition in die Ausschubposition erfolgt ist. The invention is based on the idea to control a generic electromagnetic control system or its bistable electromagnetic actuator such that in the first operating state (operating mode) in which the actuator is adjusted by energizing the first coil means from the retraction position to the Ausschubposition the second coil means as Sensor coil is used. For this purpose, these evaluation means are associated with which an induction signal, in particular an electrical voltage signal is detectable, which is generated by electromagnetic induction, when the permanent magnet means having actuator is adjusted by energizing the first coil means axially along the adjustment axis of the retraction position to the Ausschubposition. In order for the second coil device to be able to fulfill the sensor coil function, it is further provided that the second Coil means is connected so that it is at least temporarily de-energized during the first operating state, in particular during energization of the first coil means. It is particularly preferred if this de-energized state continues over the entire time duration of the first operating state, ie from the beginning of the energization of the first coil device until reaching the ejection position by the actuating element. During the de-energized period of time of the second coil device in the first operating state, this is thus not available for an electromagnetic application of force to the actuating element in support of its adjustment movement. By the embodiment of the invention described above, it is now possible to monitor in a generic control system, (if at all) whether and / or whether timely within predetermined time limits, an adjustment of the control element from the pull-out position is carried out in the Ausschubposition.
Alternativ oder bevorzugt zusätzlich zu der zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsvariante bzw. Funktionalität eines erfindungsgemäßen Stellsystems ist vorgesehen, dass, insbesondere auch, eine Überwachung des Stellvorgangs von der Ausschubposition zurück in die Einzugsposition realisiert ist, indem im zweiten Betriebszustand (Betriebsmodus) der ersten Spuleneinrichtung die zuvor erläuterte Sensorspulenfunktionalität zukommt, indem dieser Auswertemittel zugeordnet sind, um ein Induktionssignal, insbesondere ein elektromagnetisches Spannungssignal zu detektieren, welches von dem Stellelement in der ersten Spuleneinrichtung induziert wird, wenn das Stellelement durch Bestromen der zweiten Spuleneinrichtung aus der Ausschubposition in Richtung der Einzugsposition beschleunigt bzw. verstellt wird. Damit die erste Spuleneinrichtung ihre Sensorspulenfunktionalität erfüllen kann, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass diese von den Ansteuermitteln zumindest zeitweise während des zweiten Betriebszustandes, insbesondere während die zweite Spuleneinrichtung bestromt ist bzw. wird, unbestromt ist. Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn die erste Spuleneinrichtung über die gesamte Zeitdauer des zweiten Betriebszustandes unbestromt ist, also von Beginn der Bestromung der zweiten Spuleneinrichtung an bis zum Erreichen der Einzugsposition durch das Stellelement. Alternatively or preferably, in addition to the above-described embodiment variant or functionality of an actuating system according to the invention, it is provided that, in particular, a monitoring of the actuating operation from the Ausschubposition back into the retraction position is realized by the second operating state (operating mode) of the first coil means previously explained Sensor coil functionality is assigned by this evaluation are assigned to detect an induction signal, in particular an electromagnetic voltage signal which is induced by the actuator in the first coil means when the actuator accelerated or adjusted by energizing the second coil means from the Ausschubposition in the direction of retraction position becomes. In order for the first coil device to be able to fulfill its sensor coil functionality, it is provided according to the invention that these are actuated by the actuation means at least temporarily during the second operating state, in particular while the second coil device is energized or is, is not energized. It is very particularly preferred if the first coil device is de-energized over the entire duration of the second operating state, ie from the beginning of the energization of the second coil device until reaching the retraction position by the control element.
Bei Realisierung der ersten Ausführungsvariante ist also eine Überwachung der Verstellbewegung während des ersten Betriebszustandes, also im Hinblick auf ein Verstellen des Stellelementes von der Einzugsposition in die Ausschubposition möglich und gemäß der zweiten Variante in die entgegengesetzte Richtung. Wie bereits angedeutet ist eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung besonders bevorzugt, in der beide Funktionalitäten gemeinsam (zeitlich nach einander) realisiert sind. Wie eingangs bereits erläutert weist das magnetisch leitende Stellelement zumindest abschnittsweise Permanentmagnetmittel auf, die wiederum zumindest abschnittsweise, vorzugsweise vollständig zwischen den beiden Kernbereichen aufgenommen bzw. angeordnet und zwischen den Kernbereichen verstellbar sind. Bevorzugt sind die Permanentmagnetmittel scheibenförmig ausgebildet und auf oder an einem Stößel bzw. Stößelabschnitt des Stellelementes angeordnet, welcher ein- oder mehrteilig ausgebildet sein kann und, wie später noch erläutert werden wird, insbesondere ausschließlich, den zweiten Kernbereich axial durchsetzt um mit einem Eingriffsabschnitt, insbesondere einem Endabschnitt mit einem Stellpartner, insbesondere einem Nockenwellenfolger zusammenzuwirken, insbesondere um diesen im Rahmen eines Ventiltriebes eines Kfz- Verbrennungsmotors beispielsweise zur Betätigung wenigstens eines Gaswechselventils mit unterschiedlichen Ventilhüben und/oder unterschiedlichen Steuerzeiten oder zu dessen Zeitweiser Deaktivierung zu schalten. Das erfindungsgemäße Stellsystem sowie das erfindungsgemäßeWhen implementing the first embodiment variant, it is thus possible to monitor the adjustment movement during the first operating state, that is, with regard to adjusting the control element from the pull-in position to the push-out position, and according to the second variant in the opposite direction. As already indicated, an embodiment of the invention is particularly preferred in which both functionalities are implemented jointly (temporally after one another). As already explained, the magnetically conductive actuating element has, at least in sections, permanent magnet means, which in turn are accommodated or arranged at least in sections, preferably completely between the two core regions, and are adjustable between the core regions. Preferably, the permanent magnet means are disc-shaped and arranged on or on a plunger or tappet portion of the adjusting element, which may be formed in one or more parts and, as will be explained later, in particular exclusively, the second core region axially interspersed with an engaging portion, in particular an end portion to cooperate with a control partner, in particular a camshaft follower, in particular to switch this in the context of a valve train of a motor vehicle engine, for example, to operate at least one gas exchange valve with different valve strokes and / or different timing or its Zeitweiser deactivation. The adjusting system according to the invention and the inventive
Verfahren ermöglichen den Verzicht auf den bei gattungsgemäßenMethods allow the waiver of the generic
Stellsystemen zwingend zum Einsatz kommenden zusätzlichen Hall- Sensor zur Überwachung der Stellfunktionalität. Stellstellsystemen mandatory to use additional Hall sensor for monitoring the positioning functionality.
Im Hinblick auf die konkrete Auswertung bzw. Verarbeitung eines erhaltenen, nicht erhaltenen oder verzögert erhaltenen Induktionssignals gibt es unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten. Insbesondere dient die Auswertung bzw. Erfassung des Induktionssignals der On-Board- Diagnose von Motorsteuersystemen zur Überwachung der Ventilhubverstellung mit Funktionsüberprüfung. Mit anderen Worten ist mit dem erfindungsgemäßen System erfassbar, ob eine angeforderte bzw. angesteuerte Verstellbewegung des Stellelementes axial in Richtung Ausschubposition und/oder axial in Richtung Einzugsposition erfolgreich war, d.h. beispielsweise überhaupt und/oder rechtzeitig erfolgt ist. Insbesondere kennen die Auswertemittel und/oder die Steuermittel die tatsächliche bzw. aktuelle Position des Stellelementes und können diese entsprechend berücksichtigen. With regard to the specific evaluation or processing of an obtained, not obtained or delayed received induction signal, there are different possibilities. In particular, the evaluation or detection of the induction signal of the on-board diagnosis of engine control systems used to monitor the valve lift adjustment with functional verification. In other words, it can be detected with the system according to the invention whether a requested or controlled adjusting movement of the actuating element was successful axially in the direction of the ejection position and / or axially in the direction of the retraction position, i. For example, at all and / or timely. In particular, the evaluation means and / or the control means know the actual or current position of the control element and can take this into account accordingly.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist mit Vorteil vorgesehen, dass die Auswertemittel als Reaktion auf ein Ausbleiben eines Induktionssignals und/oder auf ein zeitlich verzögertes Induktionssignal ein entsprechendes Fehlersignal ausgeben, welches eine nicht erfolgte oder eine verzögert erfolgte Verstellbewegung charakterisiert und/oder die Auswertemittel speichern eine entsprechende Fehlerinformation. Zusätzlich oder alternativ können die Auswertemittel als Reaktion auf ein, insbesondere zeitgerecht, erhaltenes Induktionssignal ein entsprechendes Quittiersignal ausgebend ausgebildet sein und/oder eine entsprechende Quittierinformation speichern. Denkbar ist auch eine Ausführungsform, bei der die Steuermittel ausgebildet sind als Reaktion auf ein Ausbleiben eines Induktionssignals ein erneutes Ansteuersignal an die erste oder zweite Spuleneinrichtung auszugeben, um das Stellelement nach nicht erfolgter Stellbewegung in die gewünschte Axialrichtung zu verstellen bzw. nochmals in diese Richtung anzusteuern. In a development of the invention, it is advantageously provided that the evaluation means emit a corresponding error signal in response to an absence of an induction signal and / or a time-delayed induction signal, which characterizes an adjustment movement which has not taken place or which has been delayed and / or the evaluation means store a corresponding one error information. Additionally or alternatively, the evaluation means may be designed to output a corresponding acknowledgment signal in response to a, in particular timely, received induction signal and / or to store a corresponding acknowledgment information. Also conceivable is an embodiment in which the control means are designed to output a renewed drive signal to the first or second coil device in response to a lack of an induction signal to adjust the actuator after not successful adjusting movement in the desired axial direction or to drive again in this direction ,
Im Hinblick auf die Ausgestaltung der Stellvorrichtung des erfindungsgemäßen Stellsystems ist es, insbesondere im Hinblick auf Nockenfolgerschaltaufgaben bevorzugt, wenn das Stellelement den zweiten Kernbereich mit einem Stößelabschnitt axial durchsetzend angeordnet ist. Bevorzugt ist im zweiten Kernbereich hierzu eine entsprechende Durchgangsöffnung, insbesondere Durchgangsbohrung, vorgesehen. Besonders zweckmäßig ist es dabei, wenn das Stellelement ausschließlich den zweiten Kernbereich axial durchsetzt, nicht jedoch den ersten Kernbereich, der insoweit dann bevorzugt keine axiale Durchgangsöffnung aufweist. Eine derartige Stellvorrichtung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stellelement nur einends ein Gehäuse der Stellvorrichtung durchsetzt. With regard to the configuration of the adjusting device of the actuating system according to the invention, it is preferred, in particular with regard to cam follower switching tasks, when the actuating element is arranged axially passing through the second core region with a tappet section. For this purpose, a corresponding passage opening, in particular through-bore, is preferably provided in the second core area for this purpose. In this case, it is particularly expedient for the adjusting element to penetrate axially only the second core region, but not for the first core region, which in that respect preferably then has no axial passage opening. Such an adjusting device is characterized in that the adjusting element penetrates only one end of a housing of the adjusting device.
Besonders zweckmäßig ist es, wenn dem Stellelement im Rahmen des Systems ein Stellpartner zugeordnet ist, insbesondere ein Nockenfolger, der sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass von diesem keine oder zumindest keine ausreichende mechanische Rückstellkraft zum Verstellen des Stellelementes von der Ausschubposition in die Einzugsposition ausgeübt wird bzw. ausübbar ist. It is particularly useful if the actuator is associated with a control partner in the context of the system, in particular a cam follower, which is characterized in that no or at least no sufficient mechanical restoring force is exerted by this for adjusting the actuating element from the Ausschubposition in the retraction position or exercisable.
Insbesondere für eine Ventiltriebverstellung ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die erste Spuleneinrichtung insbesondere durch das Vorsehen einer größeren Anzahl von Wicklungen, leistungsstärker dimensioniert ist als die zweite Spuleneinrichtung, da insbesondere die Verstellbewegung von der Einzugsposition in die Ausschubposition zeitkritisch ist, während die Rückversteilung eine längere Zeitspanne in Anspruch nehmen kann. In particular, for a valve drive adjustment, it is advantageous if the first coil means, in particular by the provision of a larger number of windings, is dimensioned more powerful than the second coil means, as in particular the adjustment of the Retraction position in the Ausschubposition is time-critical, while the Rückversteilung can take a longer period of time.
Im Hinblick auf die Realisierung der Auswertemittel hat es sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn die Auswertemittel, insbesondere beider eingangs ausgeführter Ausführungsvarianten zum Detektieren eines Induktionssignals zum Verstellen sowohl in die eine als auch in die andere Axialeinrichtung sowie die Ansteuermittel für die Spuleneinrichtungen von einer gemeinsamen Logikeinheit, insbesondere einer Motorsteuerung gebildet sind. With regard to the realization of the evaluation means, it has proven to be advantageous if the evaluation means, in particular the two embodiments executed at the outset for detecting an induction signal for adjusting both in the one and in the other axial means and the drive means for the coil means of a common logic unit, in particular a motor control are formed.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels sowie anhand der Zeichnung. Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawing.
Diese zeigt in der einzigen Fig. 1 eine stark schematisierte Darstellung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen elektromagnetischen Stellsystems. In Fig. 1 ist stark schematisiert ein bevorzugtes, nach dem Konzept der Erfindung ausgebildetes elektromagnetisches Stellsystem 1 , vorliegend beispielhaft ein Ventiltriebverstellsystem für Verbrennungsmotoren, insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen, gezeigt. Das elektromagnetische Stellsystem 1 umfasst eine bistabile, elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung 2 mit einem entlang einer Verstellachse V zwischen einer dargestellten Einzugsposition E und einer axial davon beabstandeten Ausschubposition A verstellbaren Stellelement 3. Das Stellelement 3 umfasst einen magnetisch leitenden Stößelabschnitt 4, welcher axial magnetisierte Permanentmagnetmittel 5 trägt, die axial zwischen zwei magnetisch leitenden, hier bevorzugt metallischen Polscheiben 6, 7 angeordnet sind. In der dargestellten Einzugsposition E wird das Stellelement 3 mit einer von den Permanentmagnetmitteln 5 erzeugten permanentmagnetischen Haltekraft an einem ersten Kernbereich 8 gehalten. This shows in the only Fig. 1 is a highly schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of an electromagnetic actuating system according to the invention. In Fig. 1 is highly schematically a preferred, formed according to the concept of the invention electromagnetic control system 1, in the present example, a Ventiltriebverstellsystem for internal combustion engines, especially in motor vehicles, shown. The electromagnetic actuating system 1 comprises a bistable, electromagnetic actuating device 2 with an actuating element 3 which can be displaced along an adjustment axis V between an illustrated retraction position E and an axially displaced ejection position A. The actuating element 3 comprises a magnetically conductive plunger section 4 which carries axially magnetized permanent magnet means 5, which are arranged axially between two magnetically conductive, preferably metallic pole disks 6, 7. In the retracted position E, the actuating element 3 is shown with a held by the permanent magnet means 5 permanent magnetic holding force to a first core region 8.
Die Permanentmagnetmittel 5 befinden sich innerhalb eines den magnetischen Fluss leitenden Stellvorrichtungsgehäuse 15, über welches die beiden, vorzugsweise wechselseitig von den beiden Spuleneinrichtungen 10, 1 1 erzeugten magnetischen Flusskreisläufe geschlossen werden. In der Ausschubposition A, die axial von der Einschubposition E beabstandet ist, haftet das Stellelement 3 über eine permanentmagnetische Haftkraft der Permanentmagnetmittel 5 in analoger Weise an einem zweiten Kernbereich 9, der axial von dem ersten Kernbereich 8 beabstandet ist. Die Kernbereiche 8, 9 bilden gleichzeitig Axialanschläge für das Stellelement 3, indem die Polscheiben 6, 7 in der entsprechenden Position an dem jeweiligen Kernbereich 8, 9 anliegen. The permanent magnet means 5 are located within a magnetic flux-conducting actuator housing 15, via which the two, preferably mutually produced by the two coil devices 10, 1 1 magnetic flux circuits are closed. In the Ausschubposition A, which is axially spaced from the insertion position E, the actuating element 3 adheres via a permanent magnetic adhesive force of the permanent magnet means 5 in an analogous manner to a second core region 9, which is axially spaced from the first core region 8. The core regions 8, 9 simultaneously form axial stops for the adjusting element 3, in that the pole disks 6, 7 rest in the corresponding position on the respective core region 8, 9.
Ferner umfasst die Stellvorrichtung 2 eine erste Spuleneinrichtung 1 0, die vorliegend den ersten Kernbereich 8 radial au ßen umgibt. Zudem umfasst die Stellvorrichtung 2 eine weitere axial beabstandete, zweite Spuleneinrichtung 1 1 , die den zweiten Kernbereich 9 umschließt. Den beiden Spuleneinrichtungen 1 0, 1 1 sind Steuermittel 12 zugeordnet, sowie später noch zu erläuternde Auswertemittel 13, wobei Steuermittel 12 und Auswertemittel 13 von gemeinsamen Logikmitteln 14 gebildet sind. In einem ersten Betriebszustand steuern die Steuermittel 12 die erste Spuleneinrichtung 10 mit einem Ansteuersignal (elektrische Bestromung) an, auf Basis dessen die erste Spuleneinrichtung 10 ein Magnetfeld erzeugt, welches dem permanentmagnetischen Magnetfeld entgegenwirkt. Anders ausgedrückt erzeugt die erste Spuleneinrichtung 1 0 durch das Ansteuersignal eine Gegenkraft zur permanentmagnetischen Halte- bzw. Haftkraft der Permanentmagnetmittel 5, wodurch die Permanentmagnetmittel 5 bzw. das Stellelement 3 von dem ersten Kernbereich 8 in Richtung der Ausschubposition A abgestoßen werden, wodurch sich das Stellelement 3 in seine Ausschubposition A bewegt und somit der Stößelabschnitt 4 axial weiter aus dem Stellvorrichtungsgehäuse 15 herausbewegt wird, um mit einem nicht gezeigten Stellpartner, vorliegend beispielhaft einem Nockenfolger in an sich bekannter Weise zusammenzuwirken. Furthermore, the adjusting device 2 comprises a first coil device 10, which in the present case surrounds the first core region 8 radially outside. In addition, the adjusting device 2 comprises a further axially spaced, second coil device 1 1, which surrounds the second core region 9. The two coil devices 1 0, 1 1 are associated with control means 12, as well as later to be explained evaluation means 13, wherein control means 12 and evaluation means 13 are formed by common logic means 14. In a first operating state, the control means 12 control the first coil device 10 with a drive signal (electrical energization), on the basis of which the first coil device 10 generates a magnetic field which counteracts the permanent magnetic magnetic field. In other words, the first coil device 10 generates a counterforce to the permanent-magnetic holding or adhesive force of the permanent magnet means 5 by the drive signal, as a result of which Permanent magnet means 5 and the actuator 3 are repelled from the first core portion 8 in the direction of Ausschubposition A, causing the actuator 3 moves into its Ausschubposition A and thus the plunger section 4 is axially moved further out of the Stellvorrichtungsgehäuse 15 to a Stellpartner, not shown , in the present case cooperate by way of example a cam follower in a conventional manner.
Zu erkennen ist, dass das Stellelement 3 hierzu eine zentrische Durchgangsöffnung 16 in dem zweiten Kernbereich 9 durchsetzt - der erste Kernbereich 8 ist geschlossen bzw. weist keine Durchgangsöffnung 16 auf. Die Steuermittel 12 schalten während dieses ersten Betriebszustandes die zweite Spuleneinrichtung 1 1 , welche leistungsschwächer ausgelegt ist als die erste Spuleneinrichtung 1 0 stromlos. Während dieser Zeit hat die zweite Spuleneinrichtung 1 1 die Funktion einer Sensorspule, in welcher durch die zuvor erläuterte Verstellbewegung aus der Einzugsposition E in die Ausschubposition A ein Induktionssignal, vorliegend eine elektrische Spannung induziert wird. Diese wird von den Auswertemitteln 13 erfasst und, insbesondere im Zusammenspiel mit den Steuermitteln 12 weiterverarbeitet. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich den Ausschubvorgang bzw. Betätigungsvorgang zum Betätigen des Stellpartners zu überwachen. Es ist also erfassbar, ob die gewollte bzw. angesteuerte Verstellbewegung des Stellelementes 3 tatsächlich stattfindet bzw. stattgefunden hat. It can be seen that the actuating element 3 for this purpose passes through a central passage opening 16 in the second core area 9 - the first core area 8 is closed or has no passage opening 16. The control means 12 switch during this first operating state, the second coil means 1 1, which is designed less powerful than the first coil means 1 0 de-energized. During this time, the second coil device 1 1 has the function of a sensor coil in which an induction signal, in the present case an electrical voltage is induced by the previously described adjusting movement from the retraction position E to the Ausschubposition A. This is detected by the evaluation means 13 and further processed, in particular in cooperation with the control means 12. In this way it is possible to monitor the Ausschubvorgang or actuation process for actuating the control partner. It is thus detectable whether the desired or controlled adjusting movement of the actuating element 3 actually takes place or has taken place.
In einem zweiten Betriebszustand wird das sich in der Ausschubpostion A befindliche Stellelement 3 zurück in die dargestellte Einzugsposition E verstellt. Zu diesem Zweck steuern die Steuermittel 12 die zweite Spuleneinrichtung 1 1 mit einem Ansteuersignal an, welches eine abstoßende Gegenkraft zur permanentmagnetischen Haltekraft auf das Stellelement 3 ausübt, wodurch dieses von dem zweiten Kernbereich 9 in Richtung hin zum ersten Kernbereich 8 abgestoßen wird. Während dieses zweiten Betriebszustandes schalten die Steuermittel 12 die erste Spuleneinrichtung 1 0 stromlos, die dadurch die Funktionalität einer Sensorspule aufweist und ein Induktionssignal erfasst, welches durch die axiale Verstellbewegung des Stellelementes 3 mit seinen Permanentmagnetmitteln 5 in der Wicklung der ersten Spuleneinrichtung 10 in Form einer elektrischen Spannung induziert wird. Dieses Induktionssignal, vorliegend ein elektrisches Spannungssignal wird von den Auswertemitteln 13 detektiert und, bevorzugt gemeinsam mit den Steuermitteln 12 weiterverarbeitet. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, eine Verstellbewegung des Stellelementes 3 von der Ausschubposition A zurück in die Einzugsposition E zu überwachen. In a second operating state, the control element 3 located in the ejection position A is moved back into the retracted position E shown. For this purpose, the control means 12 control the second coil means 1 1 with a drive signal which exerts a repulsive counterforce to the permanent magnetic holding force on the control element 3, whereby this from the second core region 9 in Direction towards the first core area 8 is repelled. During this second operating state, the control means 12, the first coil means 1 0 energized, which thereby has the functionality of a sensor coil and detects an induction signal, which by the axial adjustment movement of the control element 3 with its permanent magnet means 5 in the winding of the first coil means 10 in the form of an electrical Voltage is induced. This induction signal, in the present case an electrical voltage signal, is detected by the evaluation means 13 and, preferably, further processed together with the control means 12. In this way it is possible to monitor an adjusting movement of the adjusting element 3 from the Ausschubposition A back to the retraction position E.
Bezugszeichen reference numeral
1 elektromagnetisches Stellsystem 1 electromagnetic control system
2 bistabile, elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung 3 Stellelement  2 bistable, electromagnetic actuator 3 actuator
4 Stößelabschnitt des Stellelementes  4 ram portion of the actuating element
5 Permanentmagnetmittel des Stellelementes 5 permanent magnet means of the actuating element
6 Polscheibe des Stellelementes 6 Polscheibe of the actuating element
7 Polscheibe des Stellelementes  7 Polscheibe of the actuating element
8 erster Kernbereich 8 first core area
9 zweiter Kernbereich  9 second core area
10 erste Spuleneinrichtung  10 first coil device
1 1 zweite Spuleneinrichtung  1 1 second coil device
12 Steuermittel  12 control means
13 Auswertemittel 13 evaluation means
14 Logikmittel  14 logic means
15 Stellvorrichtungsgehäuse  15 actuator housing
16 Durchgangsöffnung  16 passage opening
E Einzugsposition E feeding position
A Ausschubposition  A ejection position
V Verstellachse  V adjustment axis

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1 . Elektromagnetisches Stellsystem (1 ), insbesondere Ventiltnebverstellsystem für Verbrennungsmotoren, umfassend eine bistabile elektromagnetische Stellvorrichtung (2) mit einem entlang einer Verstellachse (A) zwischen einer Einzugsposition (E) und einer Ausschubposition (A) verstellbaren, zumindest abschnittsweise Permanentmagnetmittel (5) aufweisenden Stellelement (3) zum Zusammenwirken mit einem Stellpartner, wobei die Permanentmagnetmittel (5) durch Verstellen des Stellelementes (3) entlang der Verstellachse (V) zwischen einem ersten und einem zweiten, axial voneinander beabstandeten Kernbereich (8, 9) verstellbar sind, und in der Einzugsposition (E) des Stellelementes (3) mit einer permanentmagnetischen Haltekraft am ersten Kernbereich (8) und in der Ausschubposition (A) des Stellelementes (3) mit einer permanentmagnetischen Haltekraft an dem zweiten Kernbereich (9) halten, und mit einer ersten und einer zweiten Spuleneinrichtung die über Ansteuermittel ansteuerbar sind und die Ansteuermittel die erste und die zweite Spuleneinrichtung (10, 1 1 ) derart ansteuernd ausgebildet sind, dass in einem ersten Betriebszustand zum Verstellen des Stellelementes (3) aus der Einzugsposition (E) in die Ausschubposition (A) die erste Spuleneinrichtung (10) als Reaktion auf ein elektrisches Ansteuersignal der Ansteuermittel eine der Haltekraft der Permanentmagnetmittel (5) entgegenwirkende, die Permanentmagnetmittel (5) abstoßende und von dem ersten Kernbereich (8) lösende Gegenkraft erzeugt und in einem zweiten Betriebszustand zum Verstellen des Stellelementes (3) aus der Ausschubposition (A) in die Einzugsposition (E) die zweite Spuleneinrichtung (1 1 ) als Reaktion auf ein elektrisches Ansteuersignal der Ansteuermittel eine der Haltekraft der Permanentmagnetmittel (5) entgegenwirkende, die Permanentmagnetmittel (5) abstoßende und von dem zweiten Kernbereich (9) lösende Gegenkraft erzeugt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweiten Spuleneinrichtung (1 1 ) Auswertemittel (13) zum Detektieren eines durch Verstellen des Stellelementes (3) entlang der Verstellachse (V) von der Einzugsposition (E) in die Ausschubposition (A) erzeugbares Induktionssignals zugeordnet sind, und dass die Ansteuermittel derart ausgebildet sind, dass diese die zweite Spuleneinrichtung (1 1 ) im ersten Betriebszustand zumindest während einer Detektionsphase zum Detektieren des Induktionssignals, bevorzugt während des gesamten ersten Betriebszustandes, unbestromt schalten, 1 . Electromagnetic actuating system (1), in particular valve displacement control system for internal combustion engines, comprising a bistable electromagnetic actuating device (2) with an actuating element (5) which is adjustable along an adjustment axis (A) between a retraction position (E) and an ejection position (A) and has at least partially permanent magnet means (5). 3) for cooperation with a control partner, wherein the permanent magnet means (5) by adjusting the adjusting element (3) along the adjustment axis (V) between a first and a second axially spaced core region (8, 9) are adjustable, and in the retraction position (E) of the control element (3) with a permanent magnetic holding force on the first core region (8) and in the Ausschubposition (A) of the actuating element (3) with a permanent magnetic holding force on the second core region (9) hold, and with a first and a second Coil means which can be controlled via control means and the An Control means, the first and the second coil means (10, 1 1) are designed such that in a first operating state for adjusting the adjusting element (3) from the retraction position (E) in the Ausschubposition (A), the first coil means (10) in response an opposing to the holding force of the permanent magnet means (5), the permanent magnet means (5) repelling and of the first core region (8) releasing counterforce generated in an operating state of an electric drive signal and in a second operating state for adjusting the control element (3) from the Ausschubposition (A ) In the retraction position (E), the second coil means (1 1) in response to an electrical drive signal of the drive means one of the holding force of Permanent magnet means (5) counteracting, the permanent magnet means (5) repelling and from the second core region (9) dissolving generated counterforce, characterized in that the second coil means (1 1) evaluation means (13) for detecting a by adjusting the adjusting element (3) along the adjustment axis (V) of the retraction position (E) in the Ausschubposition (A) are assigned generating induction signal, and that the drive means are formed such that these the second coil means (1 1) in the first operating state at least during a detection phase for detecting the induction signal , preferably during the entire first operating state, switch without current,
und/oder and or
dass der ersten Spuleneinrichtung (10) Auswertemittel (13) zum Detektieren eines durch Verstellen des Stellelementes (3) entlang der Verstellachse (V) von der Ausschubposition (A) in die Einzugsposition (E) erzeugbares Induktionssignals zugeordnet sind, und dass die Ansteuermittel derart ausgebildet sind, dass diese die erste Spuleneinrichtung (10) im zweiten Betriebszustand zumindest während einer Detektionsphase zum Detektieren des Induktionssignals, bevorzugt während des gesamten zweiten Betriebszustandes, unbestromt schalten. in that the first coil device (10) is assigned evaluation means (13) for detecting an induction signal which can be generated by adjusting the control element (3) along the adjustment axis (V) from the ejection position (A) to the pull-in position (E), and in that the control means are designed in this way are that these switch the first coil device (10) in the second operating state, at least during a detection phase for detecting the induction signal, preferably during the entire second operating state, without current.
Elektromagnetisches Stellsystem nach Anspruch 1 , Electromagnetic actuating system according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die Auswertemittel (13) als Reaktion auf ein Ausbleiben eines Induktionssignals und/oder als Reaktion auf ein zeitlich verzögertes Induktionssignal ein Fehlersignal ausgebend und/oder eine Fehlerinformation speichernd ausgebildet sind und/oder dass die Auswertemittel als Reaktion auf ein, insbesondere rechtzeitiges, Induktionssignal ein Quittiersignal ausgebend und/oder oder eine Quittierinformation speichernd ausgebildet sind. in that the evaluation means (13) issues and / or issues an error signal in response to a lack of an induction signal and / or in response to a time-delayed induction signal Store error information storing formed and / or that the evaluation means in response to a, in particular timely, induction signal issuing an acknowledgment signal and / or or an acknowledgment information are formed storing.
Elektromagnetisches Stellsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, Electromagnetic actuating system according to one of claims 1 or 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die Steuermittel (12) als Reaktion auf ein Ausbleiben eines Induktionssignals ein erneutes Ansteuersignal an die erste oder zweite Spuleneinrichtung (10, 1 1 ) ausgebend ausgebildet sind. in that the control means (12) are designed to output a renewed drive signal to the first or second coil device (10, 11) in response to a lack of an induction signal.
Elektromagnetisches Stellsystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, Electromagnetic actuating system according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass das Stellelement (3), vorzugsweise ausschließlich, den zweiten Kernbereich (9) mit einem Stößelabschnitt (4) axial durchsetzend angeordnet ist. that the adjusting element (3), preferably exclusively, the second core region (9) with a plunger portion (4) is arranged axially passing through.
Elektromagnetisches Stellsystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, Electromagnetic actuating system according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass das Stellelement (3) mit einem Stellpartner, insbesondere einem Nockenfolger, zusammenwirkend angeordnet ist, der keine mechanische Rückstellkraft zum Verstellen des Stellelementes (3) von der Ausschubposition (A) in die Einzugsposition (E) ausübend ausgebildet und angeordnet ist. the adjusting element (3) is cooperatively arranged with an actuating partner, in particular a cam follower, which has no mechanical restoring force for adjusting the adjusting element (3) from the ejection position (A) to the retraction position (E).
Elektromagnetisches Stellsystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, Electromagnetic actuating system according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Spuleneinrichtung (10) bei betragsmäßig gleicher Bestromung ein stärkeres Magnetfeld erzeugend ausgebildet ist als die zweite Spuleneinrichtung (1 1 ). characterized, that the first coil device (10) is designed to generate a stronger magnetic field when the current supply is the same in magnitude than the second coil device (11).
Elektromagnetisches Stellsystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, Electromagnetic actuating system according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die Permanentmagnetmittel (5), zumindest abschnittsweise, bevorzugt vollständig, axial zwischen den axial beabstandeten Spuleneinrichtungen (10, 1 1 ), insbesondere mit Axialabstand zu diesen, angeordnet sind. in that the permanent magnet means (5) are arranged, at least in sections, preferably completely, axially between the axially spaced-apart coil devices (10, 11), in particular at an axial distance therefrom.
Elektromagnetisches Stellsystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, Electromagnetic actuating system according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die Auswertemittel (13) und die Ansteuermittel von einer gemeinsamen Logikmittel insbesondere einer Motorsteuerung, gebildet sind. in that the evaluation means (13) and the drive means are formed by a common logic means, in particular a motor control.
Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektromagnetischen Stellsystems (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, Method for operating an electromagnetic control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass in dem ersten Betriebszustand die Ansteuermittel die erste Spuleneinrichtung (10) mit einem Ansteuersignal beaufschlagen und dadurch das Stellelement (3) von der Einzugsposition (E) in die Ausschubposition (A) verstellt wird, und dass während dieser Verstellbewegung mit den der zweiten Spuleneinrichtung (1 1 ) zugeordneten Auswertemitteln (13) ein durch das Verstellen des Stellelementes (3) in der zweiten Spuleneinrichtung (1 1 ) erzeugtes Induktionssignals detektiert wird, und dass die Ansteuermittel die zweite Spuleneinrichtung (1 1 ) in dem ersten Betriebszustand zumindest während einer Detektionsphase zum Detektieren des Induktionssignals, bevorzugt während des gesamten ersten Betriebszustandes, unbestromt schalten, in that, in the first operating state, the drive means feeds the first coil device (10) with a drive signal and thereby the adjusting element (3) is moved from the pull-in position (E) to the push-out position (A), and during this displacement movement with the second coil device ( 1 1) associated with the evaluation means (13) by the adjustment of the control element (3) in the second coil means (1 1) generated induction signal is detected, and that the drive means the second coil means (1 1) in the first operating state at least during a detection phase for detecting the induction signal, preferably during the entire first operating state, switch without current,
und/oder and or
dass in dem zweiten Betriebszustand die Ansteuermittel die zweite Spuleneinrichtung (1 1 ) mit einem Ansteuersignal beaufschlagen und dadurch das Stellelement (3) von der Ausschubposition (A) in die Einzugsposition (E) verstellt wird, und dass während dieser Verstellbewegung mit den der ersten Spuleneinrichtung (10) zugeordneten Auswertemitteln (13) ein durch das Verstellen des Stellelementes (3) in der ersten Spuleneinrichtung (10) erzeugtes Induktionssignals detektiert wird, und dass die Ansteuermittel die erste Spuleneinrichtung (10) in dem zweiten Betriebszustand zumindest während einer Detektionsphase zum Detektieren des Induktionssignals, bevorzugt während des gesamten ersten Betriebszustandes, unbestromt schalten. in that, in the second operating state, the drive means feed the second coil device (1 1) with a drive signal and thereby the adjusting element (3) is moved from the ejection position (A) to the feed position (E), and during this displacement movement with the first coil device (10) associated with the evaluation means (13) by the adjustment of the control element (3) in the first coil means (10) generated induction signal is detected, and that the drive means, the first coil means (10) in the second operating state, at least during a detection phase for detecting the Induction signal, preferably during the entire first operating state, switch without current.
Verwendung eines elektromagnetischen Stellsystems (1 ) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zum Verstellen eines Nockenfolgers eines Ventiltriebs eines Verbrennungsmotors, insbesondere in einem Kraftfahrzeug. Use of an electromagnetic control system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8 for adjusting a cam follower of a valve train of an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle.
EP17771685.9A 2016-09-27 2017-09-06 Electromagnetic positioning system and operating method Active EP3520125B1 (en)

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DE102016118254A1 (en) 2016-09-27 2018-03-29 Eto Magnetic Gmbh Electromagnetic control system and operating procedures
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GB958501A (en) * 1959-07-03 1964-05-21 Philips Electrical Ind Ltd Improvements in electromagnetic devices in which a body is moved between two stable end positions
US5203172A (en) * 1990-05-17 1993-04-20 Simpson Alvin B Electromagnetically powered hydraulic engine
DE19518056B4 (en) * 1995-05-17 2005-04-07 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh Device for controlling the armature movement of an electromagnetic switching device and method for driving
DE10141764A1 (en) * 2000-10-20 2002-06-27 Micro Epsilon Messtechnik Device and method for detecting the position of an object
DE20114466U1 (en) 2001-09-01 2002-01-03 Eto Magnetic Kg Electromagnetic actuator
DE20203718U1 (en) 2002-03-07 2002-07-04 Eto Magnetic Kg Electromagnetic actuator
DE102004030779A1 (en) 2004-06-25 2006-01-19 Audi Ag Method for diagnosing functionality of valve lift adjustment of internal combustion engine entails measuring actual voltage curve in actuator coil, comparing it with set value, and sending out error report for deviation
DE102011103169B4 (en) * 2011-06-01 2017-03-02 Gerhard Kirstein Electromagnetic drive, propulsion system and their use
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