EP3517688B1 - Ground anchor element - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a floor anchor element with an elongated tension member, which is provided for insertion into an anchor hole in the floor, and at least one rod element, which is arranged helically on an outside of the tension member, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a floor anchor according to claim 10.

A generic ground anchor is from the US 5,624,212 A known. At one end of the cable-like ground anchor, a steel rod element with a rectangular cross section is bent helically around the end. The rectangular cross-section creates sharp edges that are intended to cut open the filler and binding agent.

From the DE 1 708 531 B1 an earth anchor emerges with a freezer tube to form a frost body for temporarily anchoring the earth anchor. In order to ensure good heat transfer to the liquid in the borehole, the freezer tube is made of metal and is arranged in a helical shape and at a distance from the tension member of the ground anchor.

Another ground anchor, for example, comes from the DE 70 47 539 U or the DE 26 33 139 B2 forth. Floor anchors of this type are used in particular in civil engineering in order to derive existing forces as tensile forces in the ground. Floor anchors are used, for example, when anchoring retaining walls, for example in construction pits. For this purpose, a borehole is made in a floor, which can also include an approximately vertical floor wall. After the ground anchor has been inserted into the borehole, it is filled at least in regions with a hardenable mass, in particular a cement mass, a firm connection being created between the elongated anchor element and the surrounding ground. The way in which this connection is made has a decisive influence on which tensile forces can be transferred to the ground anchor.

For a good connection, it is known from the above-mentioned documents to hold the ground anchor at a distance from the surroundings by means of a spacer device or to keep it centered in the anchor hole, so that the connection is as large as possible a surrounding floor wall can be reached. This would not be guaranteed if the floor anchor element lies directly against the borehole wall or another floor anchor element used. This should be prevented by a spacer.

From the DE 70 47 539 U a centering device for injection anchors is known, in which a metallic centering basket with two spacer rings and arcuate metal strips is made. This centering cage can be pushed over one or more floor anchors, the outwardly bent metal strips ensuring a spacing from the surrounding wall of the anchor hole. A metallic centering basket of this type is complex in terms of production technology and is also associated with a not inconsiderable assembly outlay when it is attached to the floor anchor.

From the DE 26 33 139 B2 is a spacer for a grout anchor, the spacer has a sleeve-shaped body made of rigid PVC. Several longitudinal slots are made in a central region in the sleeve body. By axially compressing the sleeve body, strip-shaped bulges form on the sleeve-shaped spacer.

In this known spacer too, the sleeve-shaped element can be pushed axially onto the elongated tension member of the floor anchor element. With a usual length of a floor anchor element of several meters, which can even be up to 15 meters and more, an axial sliding of several spacers is necessary. This can be complex, particularly under construction site conditions. In addition, for an exact desired centering, an inner diameter of the sleeve-shaped spacer must be matched exactly to the outer diameter of the tension member of the anchor element. In the inserted state, there is also the problem that the bulging plastic strips deform back under appropriate forces and the function of the spacer is thereby impaired.

The invention has for its object to provide a floor anchor element with a spacer and a method for producing such an anchor element, with which a simple structure of the floor anchor element can be achieved with a particularly good distance function.

The object is achieved according to the invention on the one hand by a floor anchor element with the features of claim 1 and on the other hand by a method for producing a floor anchor with the features of claim 10.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the respective dependent claims.

In the case of the ground anchor element according to the invention, it is provided that the spacer device has at least one flexible rod element, which is arranged in a helical manner around the tension member.

The flexible rod element is wound around the elongate tension member in a simple manner. The flexible rod element does not have to be matched to a specific outer diameter of the tension member. Depending on the size of the floor anchor element and depending on the forces to be expected, the length of the flexible rod element can be made as desired, so that any number of wraps around the tension member can take place. The bar material can be purchased as an inexpensive mass-produced item on rolls, which can be used for a large number of different floor anchor elements.

According to the invention it is provided that the flexible rod element is a tube or a hose. The flexible tube or hose are made of a plastic material with a desired strength to absorb expected lateral or transverse forces and to withstand them.

A particularly expedient choice of material is that the flexible rod element is a corrugated tube. A corrugated pipe is a pipe made of a relatively rigid material, which is provided with a wavy changing diameter over the axial length. Due to the corrugation, the tube made of the rigid material has become flexible. Corrugated pipes can be made of metal or preferably of a plastic material. Corrugated pipes are a typical mass product, which is particularly used in electrical installation.

A further preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that the elongated tension member has at least one tension rod and / or at least one tension strand. A tension rod consists of an essentially uniform, rigid material, while a tension strand is flexibly constructed from wires or ropes. The tension member preferably consists of a metallic material, in particular structural steel.

A preferred further development is that the elongated tension member has a plurality of tension rods and / or tension strands. Several tension rods and / or tension strands can thus be combined to form a tension element in order to absorb particularly large forces. The spacer device according to the invention can preferably be arranged around the elongate tension member as a whole or around individual tension rods or tension strands.

For a reliable spacing or centering function, it is preferred according to a development of the invention that the flexible rod element with at least one turn is arranged at least along an axial section of the tension member. The flexible rod element is arranged approximately helically or helically. Two, three or more turns are preferably provided.

According to another development of the floor anchor element according to the invention, it is advantageous that several flexible rod elements are provided, which are arranged along the tension member with an axial distance from one another. In particular in the case of longer tension members, a region-saving arrangement of a plurality of flexible rod elements along the tension member can form a material-saving and reliably acting spacer. The axial distances can be between 20 cm and several meters from each other.

Alternatively, it can be advantageous for certain applications that the flexible rod element extends essentially along the entire length of the tension member. Due to the flexibility of the rod element, a pitch of the helix or windings can be set almost arbitrarily.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention can be seen in the fact that the rod element designed as a tube or hose has a line connection for a fluid and at least one outlet opening. In particular, the hollow rod element can be provided for supplying or injecting a cement suspension. Alternatively, the hollow rod element can also be used to hold Lines, such as measurement lines for sensor devices are provided. In this way, a cable or a fluid can be supplied from the free end of a floor anchor element into the floor area along the tension member.

In principle, the flexible rod element can be attached to the tension member as a spacing device in any suitable manner. According to a development of the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the flexible rod element is fastened to the tension member with a fastening element, in particular an adhesive tape. Tensioning or Velcro straps and other fixing or tensioning straps can be provided as fastening elements. A particularly simple and efficient fixation can be achieved by an appropriately designed adhesive tape.

The above-mentioned object is also achieved by a method for producing a floor anchor, in which an elongate tension member is wrapped at least in regions with at least one flexible rod element, a floor anchor element according to the invention described above being formed with a spacer. With the floor anchor thus produced with the floor anchor element according to the invention, the advantages described above with regard to construction and manufacture can be achieved. In particular, the spacing device can be attached and fastened in a simple manner either in a pre-assembly in a factory or directly at the construction site. In the case of pre-assembly, the spacer device according to the invention also offers the advantage that the floor anchor elements can be transported in a particularly gentle manner.

A further development of the method according to the invention consists in that the floor anchor element is introduced into an anchor hole in the floor and that the anchor hole is at least partially filled with a hardenable mass. The anchor hole is created by a corresponding drilling device, in particular an anchor drilling device. The ground anchor element can be inserted into the anchor hole directly during the drilling process or after a drilling tool has been withdrawn. By means of the spacer along the tension member, a centering of the floor anchor element in relation to the surrounding hole wall or, if several floor anchor elements are used, a corresponding spacing from the surrounding wall or the surrounding ground anchor elements reached. Following this, a hardenable mass, in particular a cement suspension, can be injected into the anchor hole, a firm connection being made at least from regions of the floor anchor element to the floor.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines ersten erfindungsgemäßen Bohrankerelementes;

Fig. 2

eine Seitenansicht eines zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Bohrankerelementes; und

Fig. 3

eine Seitenansicht eines dritten erfindungsgemäßen Bohrankerelementes.

The invention is further explained below with the aid of preferred exemplary embodiments, which are shown schematically in the accompanying drawings. The drawings show:

Fig. 1

is a schematic side view of a first drill anchor element according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a side view of a second drill anchor element according to the invention; and

Fig. 3

a side view of a third drill anchor element according to the invention.

According to Fig. 1 an elongated drill anchor element 10 with a front elongated tension member 12 is shown in a highly schematic manner. The tension member 12 can in particular be a metallic rod or a tension strand constructed from wires or ropes, the tension member 12 having a length of several meters. At a rear end of the drill anchor element 10, a connecting section 14 can be provided, which is designed for receiving and connecting with a threaded element for bracing.

According to the drill anchor element 10 according to the invention Fig. 1 a flexible rod element 22 is wound as a spacer 20 almost along the entire length of the tension member 12. The winding takes place helically, a pitch of about 20 cm to 1.5 m can be provided. Deviations from this are possible. The flexible rod element 22 is preferably designed as a corrugated tube, which is used, for example, in electrical installations. According to Fig. 2 A ground anchor element 10 according to the invention is shown in a modified embodiment variant. In this floor anchor element 10, a total of four flexible rod elements 22 are arranged along the tension member 12, axially spaced apart, which wind around axial sections of the tension member 12. The distance between the individual rod elements 22 can be approximately half a meter to several meters. The total of four rod elements 22 form a spacer 20 in their entirety, the tension member 12 being at least spaced apart from the surrounding wall of an anchor hole by the diameter of the flexible rod element 22.

According to Fig. 3 A further modified embodiment is shown for a floor anchor element 10 according to the invention. There are less flexible rod elements 22, namely three, but with a greater axial length compared to the embodiment of FIG Fig. 2 intended. These flexible rod elements 22, which are preferably a corrugated tube, also surround helical axial sections of the tension member 12. The rear flexible rod element 22 can also be wrapped in regions around the rear connecting section 14 of the floor anchor element 10.

Claims (11)

1. Ground anchor element with

   - an elongated tension member (12), which is provided for insertion into an anchor hole in the ground, and

   - at least one rod element (22), which is arranged spirally around the tension member (12),
   characterised in that

   - the rod element (22) is formed as a flexible tube or a flexible hose, respectively from a plastic material, and

   - the flexible tube or the flexible hose of the plastic material is wound around the tension member (12), whereby a spacer device (20) is formed on an outer side of the tension member (12) for spacing the tension member (12) with respect to a surrounding in the anchor hole.
2. Ground anchor element according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the flexible rod element (22) is a corrugated tube.
3. Ground anchor element according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that
   the elongated tension member (12) comprises at least one tension rod and/or at least one tensile strand.
4. Ground anchor element according to claim 3,
   characterised in that
   the elongated tension member (12) comprises a plurality of tension rods and/or tensile strands.
5. Ground anchor element according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterised in that
   the flexible rod element (22) is arranged with at least one winding at least along an axial section of the tension member (12).
6. Ground anchor element according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
   characterised in that
   several flexible rod elements (22) are provided, which are arranged along the tension member (12) with an axial spacing relative to one another.
7. Ground anchor element according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
   characterised in that
   the flexible rod element (22) extends substantially along the entire length of the tension member (12).
8. Ground anchor element according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
   characterised in that
   the rod element (22) formed as a tube or hose comprises a line connection for a fluid and at least one outlet opening.
9. Ground anchor element according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
   characterised in that
   the flexible rod element (22) is attached to the tension member by an attachment element, in particular an adhesive tape.
10. Method for manufacturing a ground anchor, in which an elongated tension member (12) is wrapped at least in areas with at least one flexible tube or flexible hose, respectively of a plastic material, as a rod element (22), whereby a ground anchor element (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is formed with a spacer device (20).
11. Method according to claim 10,
    characterised in that
    the ground anchor element (10) is inserted into an anchor hole in the ground and that the anchor hole is at least partially filled with a curable mass.

Images