EP3517483A1 - Reach truck with a counterweight - Google Patents

Abstract

Reach truck with two Radarmen (10), at the rear ends in each case a load wheel (12) is arranged between the radar arms arranged a mast (16), a traction drive unit with a steerable drive wheel (20) and a counterweight (14) made of cast iron, the is arranged in a front region of the reach truck, wherein the counterweight comprises at least one of the following three elements: a) a tread (32) which is arranged at a middle height of the counterweight on a front side of the reach truck and which has a horizontal tread surface with a front edge (68), b) two fastening devices (48) arranged on an underside of the counterweight and on opposite sides of the counterweight, to each of which a support element (24) of the reach truck is fastened, c) a splash guard (54) arranged on an underside of the counterweight ), which surrounds the steerable drive wheel annular and a distance to a seitl I keep the edge of the counterweight.

Description

The invention relates to a reach truck with a counterweight. The reach truck has two wheel arms, between which a mast is arranged, a traction drive unit and a counterweight made of cast iron, which is arranged in a front region of the reach truck.

Forklift trucks typically use counterweights to compensate for overturning moments imposed by a loaded load. However, unlike counterbalance trucks, reach trucks of conventional design need no counterweight. A favorable weight distribution can be achieved with electrically driven vehicles already by suitable arrangement, in particular the vehicle battery. This is especially true when using conventional, heavy lead-acid batteries.

From the publication DE 696 18 699 T2 is a not designed as a reach truck forklift with a counterweight known in which the counterweight is designed as a cast product and serves in addition to its function as a counterweight at the same time as a carrier for a drive unit and a steering motor.

On this basis, it is the object of the invention to provide a reach truck, which has a particularly compact structure and is easy to manufacture.

This object is achieved by the reach truck with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

1. a) eine Trittstufe, die auf einer mittleren Höhe des Gegengewichts an einer Vorderseite des Schubmaststaplers angeordnet ist und die eine horizontale Trittfläche mit einer Vorderkante aufweist,
2. b) zwei an einer Unterseite des Gegengewichts und an gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Gegengewichts angeordnete Befestigungseinrichtungen, an denen jeweils ein Stützelement des Schubmaststaplers befestigt ist,
3. c) einen an einer Unterseite des Gegengewichts angeordneten Spritzschutz, der das lenkbare Antriebsrad ringförmig umgibt und der einen Abstand zu einem seitlichen Rand des Gegengewichts einhält.

The reach truck has two wheel arms, at the rear ends of each of which a load wheel is arranged, arranged between the wheel arms, a traction drive unit with a steerable drive wheel and a counterweight Cast iron arranged in a front region of the reach truck, the counterweight having at least one of the following three elements:

1. a) a tread placed at a median height of the counterweight at a front of the reach truck and having a horizontal tread surface with a leading edge;
2. b) two fastening devices arranged on a lower side of the counterweight and on opposite sides of the counterweight, to each of which a support element of the reach truck is fastened,
3. c) arranged on an underside of the counterweight splash guard, which surrounds the steerable drive wheel annular and maintains a distance to a lateral edge of the counterweight.

In each of the three variants, the invention achieves the stated object in that a counterweight integrated in the reach truck is provided with a special shape so that it fulfills a function usually associated with a vehicle frame or an attachment. This means a constructive simplification. At the same time, this approach allows optimum utilization of the available space, which is extremely tight for reach trucks because of the always desired, the shortest possible length of the vehicle. As mentioned in the introduction, a counterweight can usually be dispensed with with reach trucks of conventional design. The inventors have recognized, however, that the use of a counterweight formed according to at least one of said variants is generally advantageous. This applies in particular to the use of newer battery technologies, for example lithium-ion batteries, which, because of their lower weight, may require additional measures for optimum weight distribution. Especially in this case, a counterweight can make an important contribution to an optimal weight distribution even with reach trucks.

The tread is arranged at a middle level of the counterweight on a front side of the reach truck. The front side refers to the side of the vehicle facing away from the reach mast and its load carrying means. The average height is arranged between a lower and an upper end of the counterweight, in particular approximately halfway between a floor on which the reach truck stands, and a floor of a driver's cabin. Preferably, the average height is in the range of 15 cm to 35 cm above the ground on which the reach truck stands. The step thus allows a driver to enter the cab particularly comfortably. The tread may be provided with an anti-slip insert, in particular made of plastic and / or with ribs. The insert can extend over the entire tread. It can be bolted to the counterweight, in particular by means of arranged in the tread mounting holes in the counterweight.

The support elements of the reach truck, which are attached to the two arranged at the bottom of the counterweight fasteners prevent tilting of the vehicle by supporting themselves from a certain inclination of the vehicle on the ground. Because of their ground-level arrangement, the support elements, which are sometimes referred to as support mushrooms, are highly stressed components that can be exposed to extreme shock loads, especially in road bumps or obstacles. They are therefore subject to a certain wear and must be attached extremely robust. The integration of suitable fastening devices in the counterweight represents a particularly cost-effective solution.

The integration of a splash guard surrounding the drive wheel in the counterweight is also a particularly cost-effective solution. The splash guard surrounds the drive wheel annularly, wherein the ring can be closed or provided with an opening. The arrangement of the splash guard with a distance from a lateral edge of the counterweight at the same time borders one outside the Splash-resistant area effective against damaging influences of the drive wheel and protects in particular from moisture and dirt. As a result, the area located in this installation space can optionally be utilized to accommodate even sensitive components.

In the invention, the counterweight is provided with at least one of the particular, explained features a, b, or c. It is understood that it can also be provided with all three features (a, b and c) or with two of these features (a and b, a and c or b and c).

In one embodiment, the counterweight is integrated into a base frame of the reach truck, wherein the base frame has a welded assembly with the two radar arms and the counterweight is connected to the welding assembly. In this embodiment, the counterweight thus forms an integral part of the vehicle base frame and contributes in particular to its torsional rigidity. The connection between weld assembly and counterweight can be made in particular by a screw.

In one embodiment, the reach truck comprises a horizontally arranged base plate, which is arranged at least partially below the counterweight. The bottom plate may in particular consist of steel and form part of said welding assembly. The arrangement below the counterweight allows a stable connection between counterweight and base plate. In particular, the bottom plate can be bolted to the counterweight.

In one embodiment, the reach truck has a driver's cab with a support structure, wherein the counterweight has a fastening device to which the support structure is attached. For example, the fastening device may have a threaded bore in the counterweight, in particular within a mounting base formed on the counterweight. This way you can the cab can be easily and securely attached to the counterweight so that the counterweight performs a supporting function for the driver's cab.

In one embodiment, the counterweight forms a front end of the reach truck and / or extends over the entire width of the reach truck. With this arrangement, the counterweight can optimally fulfill the additional functions provided by the invention.

In one embodiment, a contour of the front of the reach truck is formed at the height of the tread of the counterweight and the leading edge of the tread follows this contour. In this case, the shape of the reach truck is dominated by the shape of the counterweight on the front and the tread is optimally integrated in a functional and aesthetic manner.

In one embodiment, the tread surface is bounded laterally and rearwardly by a substantially vertically disposed surface of the counterweight. The surface may have a plurality of planar surface elements or be curved. It follows the course of the edge of the tread surface remote from the leading edge. By "backwards" here is meant the direction away from the front edge of the tread. Therefore, if the front edge of the tread surface is at the front of the vehicle, the surface in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is located farther back than the front edge. In any case, the substantially vertically disposed surface of the counterweight forms a visually appealing and robust boundary of the tread, which can be manufactured particularly easily.

In one embodiment, the tread surface as measured in the vehicle longitudinal direction to a variable depth, which assumes a maximum value in a central portion of the leading edge and from there starting to a side of the reach truck, on which a driver's seat is arranged, reduced faster than in the opposite direction , In particular, the tread can thus be a trapezoidal or triangular basic shape with more or less strongly rounded corners, which has a greater depth farther away from the driver's seat. This is ergonomically particularly advantageous. For example, if the driver's seat is located on the right side of the vehicle in the direction of the load support, the driver can position the left foot obliquely on the tread surface in a slightly lateral position and get into the driver's cabin. For this purpose, the tread surface has a sufficient size for a secure stand, without taking up too much space.

In one embodiment, the fastening means for the support elements on mounting base, which protrude from an underside of the counterweight. At such mounting sockets a particularly robust attachment of the support elements is possible. At the same time, the mounting sockets can bridge a portion of the height between the underside of the counterweight and the desired ground clearance.

In one embodiment, the mounting base are down over a bottom plate of the reach truck. As a result, the mounting base provide an optimal mounting option for the support elements.

In one embodiment, the support elements each have a receptacle which is mounted in a form-fitting manner on a mounting base. This construction leads to a particularly robust anchoring of the support elements. In particular lateral impacts can be absorbed without damage. In addition, the support elements can be screwed to the mounting sockets.

In one embodiment, the counterweight comprises an apron disposed on the lateral and / or front edge of the counterweight and extending downwardly from a lower surface of the counterweight, the splash guard also extending from the lower surface of the counterweight to extends below. In this solution, the space between splash guard and apron space is defined at the same time robust and easy to produce way. This simplifies the arrangement of further functional elements within this space. Such a further functional element may for example be a sliding cylinder for the mast thrust, which is arranged wholly or partly in said installation space.

In one embodiment, the splash guard and skirt extend down to the bottom panel. As a result, said installation space can also be closed robustly downwards, which offers additional protection.

In one embodiment, the splash guard has a forwardly directed opening which is closed by a drive wheel cover secured to the counterweight. If an apron is formed at the front edge of the counterweight, this can also have an opening in the region of the opening of the splash guard. In particular, the apron can connect from both sides to the opening in the splash guard and thus continue as it were the splash guard on both sides. The forward opening allows in any case a simple control and possibly maintenance and / or change of the drive wheel. The attachment of the Antriebsradabdeckung to the counterweight may have a screw. The counterweight may include one or more abutment surface (s) adjacent the drive wheel cover against which the drive wheel cover abuts. In particular, two such contact surfaces can be arranged behind the drive wheel cover on both sides of the opening. The contact surfaces form a fixed stop for the drive wheel cover, which withstands the shock loads frequently occurring in this area.

In one embodiment, the drive wheel cover is made of cast iron. This choice of material results in particular a coherent design image.

Fig. 1

einen Schubmaststapler in einer perspektivischen Ansicht schräg von vorn/unten,

Fig. 2

einen Grundrahmen des Schubmaststaplers aus Fig. 1 in einer perspektivischen Explosionsdarstellung,

Fig. 3

das Gegengewicht des Schubmaststaplers aus Fig. 1 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht schräg von vorn/oben mit einigen daran befestigten Fahrzeugkomponenten,

Fig. 4

das Gegengewicht aus Fig. 3 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht schräg von hinten/unten,

Fig. 5

das Gegengewicht aus Fig. 3 in einer perspektivischen Darstellung schräg von hinten oben.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in FIGS. Show it:

Fig. 1

a reach truck in a perspective view obliquely from the front / bottom,

Fig. 2

a base frame of the reach truck Fig. 1 in a perspective exploded view,

Fig. 3

the counterweight of the reach truck Fig. 1 in a perspective view obliquely from the front / top with some vehicle components attached thereto,

Fig. 4

the counterweight off Fig. 3 in a perspective view obliquely from behind / below,

Fig. 5

the counterweight off Fig. 3 in a perspective view obliquely from behind above.

The reach truck out Fig. 1 has two wheel arms 10, at their rear ends in each case a load wheel 12 is arranged. In a front region of the vehicle, at the front end of the wheel arms 10, there is a counterweight 14, which extends substantially over the entire width of the vehicle and which forms a front end of the reach truck. It consists of cast iron, in particular nodular cast iron, ie ductile iron, which is particularly easy to work.

Between the two wheel arms 10, a reach mast 16 is arranged, which is displaceable in the vehicle longitudinal direction. On the mast 16, a load bearing means with two load forks 18 is attached.

The reach truck is electrically powered and has a traction drive unit with a steerable drive wheel 20. On the underside of the reach truck, a base plate 22 made of steel is visible, which is arranged below the counterweight 14. Two on both sides of the counterweight 14 arranged on the underside of support members 24 are down over the base plate 22 via.

Above the counterweight 14 is a driver's cab 26 with a driver's roof 28 and a transversely to the vehicle longitudinal direction on a right side of the cab 26 arranged driver's seat 30. At the front end of the vehicle can be seen in the counterweight 14 formed tread 32. Also clearly visible is a Drive wheel cover 34, which is arranged centrally on the front of the vehicle and which, like the counterweight 14, is made of cast iron.

The construction of a counterweight 14 including the base frame 36 of the reach truck is in Fig. 2 shown. The wheel arms 10 are part of a welding assembly 38, which comprises a cross-beam 40 and the horizontally arranged base plate 22 beyond the wheel arms 10. The cross-beam 40 is a vertically arranged steel plate. On the inner sides of the wheel arms 10, a guide rail 42 for the reach 16 is shown in each case.

Counterweight 14 and weld assembly 38 are bolted together, via four vertically arranged screw 44 between the bottom plate 22 and the counterweight 14 and two horizontally arranged screw 46 between the crossbar 40 and the counterweight 14. On two opposite sides of the counterweight 14 and at its Bottom are two down over the bottom plate 22 protruding fasteners 48, which are each formed for attachment of one of the support members 24. This is good in Fig. 3 recognizable in which the two support elements 24 are mounted on the counterweight 14. It can also be seen there that the counterweight 14 has at the bottom a far down reaching apron 50, which rotates at the lateral edges and at the front edge of the counterweight 14. In the middle of the front edge, it has an opening 52 at the lateral edges in a splash guard 54 (see Fig. 4 ) passes over. This opening 52 is closed by the drive wheel cover 34.

Furthermore, it is possible Fig. 3 see that the counterweight 14 serves as a carrier of other vehicle components. These include a hydraulic tank 56, a hydraulic motor 58, a traction drive motor 60, a steering motor 62, and an electronic controller 64. All of these components are fixedly connected to the counterweight 14 by means of special fasteners formed on the counterweight 14, usually in the form of tapped holes. The traction drive motor 60 and the steering motor 62 are mounted on a drive unit base plate 74 which is bolted to the counterweight 14.

In the Fig. 3 Dashed line illustrates a contour 66 of the front of the vehicle at the height of the tread 32. This contour 66 is formed by the counterweight 14. A leading edge 68 of the step 32 follows this contour 66. A depth 70 of the tread surface measured as a double arrow in the tread surface of the tread 32 has a maximum value approximately at the position of the double arrow, ie in a middle section of the front edge 68 , The depth 70 decreases from this central portion toward the driver seat 30, which is located approximately above the hydraulic tank 56, faster than in the opposite direction. Accordingly, the tread surface is approximately trapezoidal with the leading edge 68 of the tread 32 forming the base of the trapezoid and the angle between the leading edge 68 and the right driver's seat facing leg 72 being less than the angle between the leading edge 68 and the left. from the driver's seat more distant leg of the Trapezium. To the rear and on both sides, the tread 32 is bounded by a substantially vertically disposed curved surface 76 formed by the counterweight 14.

Furthermore one recognizes in Fig. 3 two arranged in the tread mounting holes 94. These are intended for a Schraubbefestigung a not shown, non-slip plastic insert with ribs.

Fig. 4 shows the counterweight 14 in a view obliquely from behind / below. In this view, it can be seen that the counterweight 14 is bounded at its rear end by a substantially planar, vertically disposed, rear surface 78 which is bolted to the crossbar 40 of the base frame 36. At the bottom, the counterweight 14 has a substantially flat, lower surface 80, which is arranged at a slightly lower height than the tread surface. From this lower surface 80 of the drive wheel 20 annular surrounding splash guard 54 extends down. Also, from the lower surface 80, the skirt 50 also extends downwardly. Apron 50 and splash guard 54 end at the bottom plate 22. On both sides of the opening 52 in the skirt 50 go the two sides of the skirt 50 and the splash guard 54 into each other.

The attachment of the Antriebsradabdeckung 34 to the counterweight 14 has a screw, not shown. It is better to see one of two located on both sides of the opening 52, on the counterweight 14 formed behind the Antriebsradabdeckung 34 arranged webs 96. These webs 96 each form a stable contact surface for the Antriebsradabdeckung 34th

For screwing the counterweight 14 with the bottom plate 22 four threaded holes 82 are provided in the counterweight 14. Also clearly visible are the two fastening devices 48 for the support elements 24. These are located on both sides of the counterweight 14 and each have a vertically arranged, in cross-section rectangular mounting base on which a support member 24 is placed positively with a corresponding receptacle.

In the arranged below the lower surface 80 space, the forward of the skirt 50, to the sides of the lateral edges of the skirt 50 and the adjoining inner sides of the Radarme 10 and the splash guard 54 and down from the bottom plate 22nd is limited, more functional elements of the reach truck can be arranged. Fig. 4 shows for this purpose a mounting surface 84 with four mounting holes for attachment of a push cylinder, not shown for the reach 16.

Fig. 5 shows that the counterweight 14 above the lower surface 80 has a large-sized passage opening 86 which receives the drive unit with a part of the traction drive motor 60 and an adjoining gearbox including drive wheel carrier. On both sides of the through hole 86, there are a plurality of mounting holes arranged in two rows 90 for fixing the drive unit base plate 74.

In addition, the counterweight 14 has two mounting sockets 88 disposed on both sides near its front end, to which a supporting structure of the operator's cab 26 is attached. These mounting sockets 88 are formed as cylindrical threaded domes with a central threaded bore. Three further mounting sockets 90 are provided for attachment of the hydraulic motor 58.

List of reference numbers:

10

Radarme

12

load wheel

14

counterweight

16

Reach

18

Lastgabel

20

drive wheel

22

baseplate

24

support element

26

cab

28

Overhead guard

30

driver's seat

32

tread

34

Antriebsradabdeckung

36

base frame

38

welding assembly

40

crossbeam

42

guide rail

44

vertical screw connection

46

horizontal screw connection

48

fastening device

50

apron

52

opening

54

splash guard

56

hydraulic tank

58

hydraulic motor

60

Traction drive motor

62

steering motor

64

electronic control

66

Contour front

68

leading edge

70

depth

72

leg

74

Drive unit base plate

76

vertical surface

78

rear surface

80

lower surface

82

threaded hole

84

mounting surface

86

opening

88

mounting base

90

mounting base

94

mounting hole

96

web

Claims (15)

Reach truck with two radar arms (10), at the rear ends of each of which a load wheel (12) is arranged, a between the Radarmen (12) arranged traversing mast (16), a traction drive unit with a steerable drive wheel (20) and a counterweight (14) Cast iron arranged in a front region of the reach truck, the counterweight (14) comprising at least one of the following three elements: a) a tread (32) disposed at an intermediate height of the counterweight (14) at a front of the reach truck and having a horizontal tread surface with a leading edge (68), b) two fastening devices (48) arranged on an underside of the counterweight (14) and on opposite sides of the counterweight (14), to each of which a support element (24) of the reach truck is fastened, c) one on an underside of the counterweight (14) arranged splash guard (54) which surrounds the steerable drive wheel (20) annular and maintains a distance to a lateral edge of the counterweight (14). Reach truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the counterweight (14) in a base frame (36) of the reach truck is integrated, wherein the base frame (36) has a welded assembly (38) with the two Radarmen (10) and the counterweight (14) is connected to the welding assembly (38). Reach truck according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reach truck comprises a horizontally arranged base plate (22) which is at least partially disposed below the counterweight (14). Reach truck according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the reach truck has a driver's cab (26) with a support structure, wherein the counterweight (14) has a fastening device to which the support structure is attached. Reach truck according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the counterweight (14) forms a front end of the reach truck and / or extends over the entire width of the reach truck. Reach truck according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a contour (66) of the front of the reach truck is formed at the level of the tread of the counterweight (14) and the leading edge (68) of the tread surface of this contour (66) follows. Reach truck according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tread surface laterally and rearwardly of a substantially vertically disposed surface (76) of the counterweight (14) is limited. Reach truck according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the tread surface measured in the vehicle longitudinal direction has a variable depth (70) in a central portion of the leading edge (68) assumes a maximum value and from there to one side of the reach truck , on which a driver's seat (30) is arranged, decreases faster than in the opposite direction. Reach truck according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fastening means (48) have mounting base, which project from an underside of the counterweight (14). Reach truck according to claim 9, characterized in that the mounting base projecting down over a bottom plate (22) of the reach truck. Reach truck according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the support elements (24) each have a receptacle which is mounted in a form-fitting manner on one of the mounting base. Reach truck according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the counterweight (14) has a skirt (50) which is arranged on the lateral and / or a front edge of the counterweight (14) and extending from a lower surface (80) of the counterweight (14) extends downwardly, the splash guard (54) also extending downwardly from the lower surface (80) of the counterweight (14). Reach truck according to claim 12, characterized in that extending the splash guard (54) and the skirt (50) down to the bottom plate (22) zoom. Reach truck according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the splash guard (54) has a forwardly directed opening (52) which is closed by a drive wheel cover (34) fixed to the counterweight (14). Reach truck according to claim 14, characterized in that the drive wheel cover (34) is made of cast iron.

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