EP3515685A1 - Haltevorrichtung und verfahren zum halten eines flächigen werkstücks - Google Patents
Haltevorrichtung und verfahren zum halten eines flächigen werkstücksInfo
- Publication number
- EP3515685A1 EP3515685A1 EP17783748.1A EP17783748A EP3515685A1 EP 3515685 A1 EP3515685 A1 EP 3515685A1 EP 17783748 A EP17783748 A EP 17783748A EP 3515685 A1 EP3515685 A1 EP 3515685A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- stretching
- elastic element
- clamping devices
- holding device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/20—Edge clamps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a holding device and a method for holding a flat workpiece.
- Characterizing the deformation and stretching properties of sheet and plate-shaped semi-finished products is fundamental to empirical molding and process design and modeling of material behavior for simulation applications.
- Typical processes in which high levels of stretch are achieved by a combination of material temperatures in the forming temperature range and application of mechanical forming forces are thermoforming and stretch blow molding applications for making three-dimensional moldings and film stretching processes.
- the resulting oriented films show improved optical and mechanical quality properties and improved shrink and
- Measuring systems for characterizing the mechanical properties of biaxial drawing of the semi-finished products to be processed are, however, subject to limitations in the measuring range of maximum yield levels and characterisable material temperatures. These metrologically determined
- a holding device for a flat workpiece has at least two clamping devices for clamping in each case an outer edge or a surface of the flat workpiece and a traversing device for moving at least one of the clamping devices.
- At least one of the clamping devices has at least one elastic element which is set up to be stretched when the flat workpiece is stretched by moving the device, so that during stretching the elastic element has a contact area between the planar workpiece and the elastic element the elastic element touches the flat workpiece at the beginning of the stretching and clamped at each touched position at the beginning of the stretching.
- an edge region of the flat workpiece to be processed which can also be referred to as semifinished product, can be held securely, but can nevertheless be processed by stretching or stretching.
- stretching or elongation is meant a relative change in length under load which leads to increasing dimensions of the workpiece, which is also referred to as stretching, that is to say as positive stretching.
- the edge region of the workpiece to be machined is intended here to denote a region which is not more than 10 percent of a total length or a total width of the workpiece from the edge of the workpiece.
- the stretching of the workpiece is effected, but at the same time the elastic Ele- ment, which is arranged on one of the clamping devices or on each of the clamping devices, also changed in its dimensions.
- the elastic element is intended to characterize an element which has a modulus of elasticity between 0.01 GPa and 7 GPa, preferably between 0.05 GPa and 5 GPa, at a temperature of 20 ° C.
- the clamping devices are arranged circumferentially around the flat workpiece, d. H. On each side of the workpiece is one of the clamping devices and it can be applied to this side, a force for stretching.
- the workpiece is held by the clamping devices in such a way that, in a method of at least one of the clamping devices, a biaxial expansion, ie an elongation, takes place along two axes, which are typically arranged at right angles to one another. Preferably, only an expansion movement takes place during the
- Method i. There are no further translational movements such as transporting the workpiece performed.
- the clamping device is typically designed exclusively for carrying out the expansion, that is, does not perform a translatory movement of the workpiece.
- the elastic element is a hollow body, so that in his Interior still other components for safe holding of the flat workpiece can be arranged.
- the elastic element is designed as a tube, a foil, a ring or a belt. This makes it possible to use a suitable component for the particular application.
- the elastic element is arranged on the clamping device in such a way that it touches the flat workpiece on its upper side and on its underside.
- the elastic member may also comprise two different components, for example a hose for pressing on the top of the workpiece and a belt for contacting the underside of the workpiece.
- the elastic element may also be structured differently in regions, for example along its longitudinal axis have an alternating diameter or have along its longitudinal axis partially different materials and thus different elasticities.
- a compressor is provided which is connected to the elastic element or to the hose and is designed to generate a pressure in an interior of the elastic element, in particular of the hose with a compressed fluid, which is greater than an ambient pressure.
- the pressure in the interior of the elastic member or the hose during the stretching can be controlled or regulated.
- a pressure sensor is arranged in the interior of the elastic element or in the interior of the tube, which is connected to the Druckeinstellvorraum wirelessly or wired, so that the Druckeinstellvortechnisch the pressure inside the tube during the stretching of the workpiece in dependence measured by the pressure sensor controls measured values.
- a force sensor for determining the holding force may be provided on the clamping device in order to determine the respective acting force during stretching.
- this force sensor is connected to the pressure adjustment device in a wireless or wired manner so that, if possible, it regulates the pressure in the interior of the elastic element as a function of a measured value measured by the force sensor.
- a deformation sensor may also be provided on the elastic element, by which a deformation of the elastic during clamping, preferably spatially resolved, is detected. This makes it possible, for example, in the case of cross-sectionally circular elastic elements such as the hose, to determine the shape of the contact area and advantageously to carry out a corresponding pressure regulation, for example by the pressure adjustment device.
- a perforation and / or a porous structure On a surface of the elastic element in contact with the workpiece, a perforation and / or a porous structure can be provided, which is or are sealed in a fluid-tight manner during the stretching.
- This locally fluid-permeable structure facilitates holding the workpiece with a defined force.
- a removal of the workpiece from the holding device is facilitated by the fluid-tight seal is no longer given when positioning the perforation or the porous structure, for example, after a predetermined stretch, and thus decreases a pressure in the interior of the elastic member.
- the elastic element is preferably made of silicone, since this material has a high elasticity.
- the elastic element of temperature-resistant silicone, d. H. a material that exhibits a reversible elastic behavior up to a temperature of 350 ° C.
- the elastic element should have at least one spring element for increasing the rigidity of the clamping device.
- the spring element is attached inside the elastic element. arranges and / or designed as a compression spring.
- a stiffening element may also be provided in or on the elastic element.
- a force flow sensor should be arranged on the displacement unit in order to be able to measure occurring forces and thus better characterize a behavior of the workpiece.
- the at least two clamping devices are arranged opposite one another, so that a defined force action along an axis in a uniaxial arrangement is made possible. If more than two clamping devices are provided, these are preferably arranged in pairs opposite one another.
- All of the sensors described are typically in contact with a control unit which performs control in response to measured sensor signals.
- an outer edge or a surface of the flat workpiece is clamped with at least two clamping devices and moved by a traversing device at least one of the clamping devices.
- At least one of the clamping devices has at least one elastic element, which is stretched during a stretching of the flat workpiece by moving the device such that during the stretching a contact area between the flat workpiece and the elastic element in which the elastic element, the flat workpiece to Beginning of stretching touched, is clamped at each touched position at the beginning of stretching.
- the described method is preferably carried out with the described device or the described device is set up to carry out the method described.
- Figure 1 is a plan view of a holding device with workpiece.
- Fig. 4 is a plan view of the semifinished product in various extended states
- Fig. 5 is a plan view of a holding device which is designed as a biaxial stretching device with circumferential elastic Klemmvotechnisch.
- a holding device is shown in a plan view.
- the holding device is designed as a biaxial stretching frame and a workpiece 1 is clamped in its edge region, but not yet stretched.
- the stretching frame is square in the illustrated embodiment, but may of course be rectangular or have a different shape.
- the stretching frame has four corner connectors 12. Between each two corner connectors 12 extends a clamping device 2, which is an elastic element 6 in the form of a circular cross-section
- Hose made of temperature-resistant silicone.
- the total of four clamping devices 2 are thus arranged in pairs opposite one another and form a to the workpiece 1, which is also referred to as semi-finished, circumferential clamping device 2.
- the workpiece 1 is in the illustrated embodiment, a film of rubber
- Tempering chamber or is part of a system for tempering a sample temperature.
- the system for tempering the sample temperature typically still has a chamber in which the holding device and a cooling device and / or a heating device are arranged.
- a drawing process to be carried out can be carried out under defined conditions, wherein the temperature to be set in the region of the material-specific forming temperature of the Material of the workpiece 1 is located.
- the set temperature deviates by not more than 15 ° C from the forming temperature of this material.
- the corner connectors 12 serve to connect the elastic element 6 to a
- the corner connectors 12 and / or the clamping devices 2 are moved by a traversing device, ie moved, whereby the elastic elements 6 undergo a change in length and transmit them through the clamping onto the sample edges.
- the movement along the main axis direction marked by continuous arrows can be realized for example by linear direct drives or by means of mechanical transmission gears.
- the movement can be symmetrical with two moving sides per main direction as well as asymmetrical with only one moving side per
- the elastic element 6 of the clamping device 2 in this case ensures a complete fixation or clamping of the outer edge regions of the workpiece material and is typically attached to both sides of the workpiece 1.
- the elastic element 6 is stretched together with the semifinished product, ie together with the workpiece 1 in the process and ensured by the parallel extension takes place a constant fixation of the edge region at the positions already at the beginning of the stretching or at the beginning of the stretching process of the elastic element 6 were touched. This can lead to a homogeneous distribution of force along the surface at which the elastic element 6 and the workpiece 1 touch. This leads to a significant reduction of local Einschnürstellen and thus to an improved and uniform strain distribution over the entire surface of the workpiece 1.
- a compressor 7 is provided, which is connected to the elastic element 6 and serves to generate in an interior of the tube with a compressed fluid, typically air, a pressure which is greater than an ambient pressure.
- the compressor 7 is in this case with a Druckeinstellvorraum 8, such as a computer, in electrical contact, which controls the pressure inside the tube during the stretching of the workpiece 1 or by the compressor 7 is controlled by the Druckeinstellvorraum 8 accordingly.
- a pressure sensor 9 is arranged in the interior of the hose, which is in electrical connection with the Druckein- adjusting device 8. Depending on one or more measurements
- the pressure adjusting device 8 controls the internal pressure within the hose.
- a control unit which processes measurement signals of a plurality of sensors, for example a deformation sensor, and actuates the pressure adjustment device 8 accordingly.
- FIG. 2 shows in a sectional view a clamping device 2 in the form of a gripper-type gripper with gripper arm. Recurring features are provided in this figure as well as in the following figures with identical reference numerals.
- the workpiece 1 is clamped between two hoses which form the elastic element 6. By using the tubes 6, a contact area between the elastic member 6 and the workpiece 1 is reduced to a minimum.
- the temperature-resistant silicone material used for the hoses has a very large elastic expansion range, returns to its initial state after the stretching process and can be stretched several times.
- the hose is guided by a traversing device or gripping device arranged on a side opposite the workpiece 1, that is to say on a side of the hose remote from the workpiece 1.
- the traversing device has an upper arm 3 and a lower arm 4, which can be guided along guide rods 5 and are movable by them, that is, they are movable.
- a necessary for clamping transmission of a contact force which causes the contact area is clamped at any point at least with an originally applied holding force and thus prevents material of the workpiece, which was initially clamped, but then no longer due to the stretching process of the Clamping device is achieved, requires sufficient rigidity of the elastic member 6, which is supported by its configuration as a fluid-fillable hollow body.
- a spiral spring is integrated as a spring element 10 inside the tube or in the silicone jacket in order to increase the rigidity in the clamping direction.
- stiffening elements such as metal rings or reinforcing ribs or variably designed hose thickness distributions.
- the tool 1 When realizing the overpressure in the hose interior, the tool 1 can be inserted in the unpressurized state and subsequently clamped by a fluid inlet and a pressure build-up in the interior of the elastic element 6.
- the pressure can be selectively controlled or regulated by the pressure adjustment device 8 or the control unit during the stretching operation in order to counteract entangling in the drawing process and to ensure uniform clamping of the workpiece 1 over the entire drawing process.
- the upper tube is provided on its underside with a perforation 13 or perforation, which also by a porous structure, preferably a porous foam-like
- pressurized elastic member 6 sealed during the drawing process by the contact with the workpiece material or workpiece material.
- a fluid impact or air blast can be injected during the opening of the clamping device 2 by a brief overpressure over a period of, for example, 5 seconds, and the adhering material can be ejected with little damage.
- FIG. 3 shows, in a side view, an embodiment of the moving part, in which the latter uses a kinematics with cross-struts 11.
- Guide rods 5 guide the displacement unit parallel to the elastic element 6, so that the gripping device formed for stabilizing and guiding the elastic element 6 moves in synchronism with the longitudinal extension of the elastic element 6.
- the upper arm 3 and the lower arm 4 are in turn to the
- a measuring system for the simultaneous recording of forming forces during the drawing.
- a force flow sensor can be provided on or in the drive axle and the force to be determined for stretching the workpiece 1 is measured, with direct coupling with the elastic element 6, together with the forming force of the elastic element 6 and with any additional components of the drive train , After a previous calibration, these influences can also be excluded and Thus, the material behavior of the workpiece 1 to be characterized are determined as a sample.
- the force measuring system can also be realized by providing a local, rigid fixation of the workpiece 1
- FIG. 4 shows several embodiments of a uniaxial stretching in FIG.
- FIG. 5 Shown top view. While in the two embodiments shown above, the clamping devices 2 are indeed arranged on opposite sides of the workpiece 1, but a constriction arises due to lack of fixation, solving the two exemplary embodiments shown below, this problem.
- a stretching process with additional fixation by the elastic member 6 no constriction occurs, so that even in this case, at least on two sides rigid clamping elements can be used.
- FIG. 5 a continuous film stretching installation is used.
- the elastic element 6 is designed in this case as a ring and guided by a control system with the guide rods 5 on a movement process determining the stretching process. However, the guide rods 5 are now rotatable and move with their rotation or rotation of the respective elastic element 6 with.
- the film serving as the workpiece 1 was extruded and partially already pre-oriented. At the beginning of the process, this workpiece 1 is fixed by the two elastic element 6 and introduced into an oven plant, so that a thermal conditioning of the film material takes place.
- the following stretching process is similar to a stretching frame.
- the stretching in the machine direction is realized by an increasing withdrawal speed by different rotational speed of the guide rods 5, which are also referred to as drive rollers or guide rollers, and an associated extension of the elastic element 6.
- the extension in the film plane orthogonal to the machine direction is effected by a widening guideway.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016218467.9A DE102016218467A1 (de) | 2016-09-26 | 2016-09-26 | Haltevorrichtung und Verfahren zum Halten eines flächigen Werkstücks |
| PCT/EP2017/074163 WO2018055147A1 (de) | 2016-09-26 | 2017-09-25 | Haltevorrichtung und verfahren zum halten eines flächigen werkstücks |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3515685A1 true EP3515685A1 (de) | 2019-07-31 |
Family
ID=60083262
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17783748.1A Withdrawn EP3515685A1 (de) | 2016-09-26 | 2017-09-25 | Haltevorrichtung und verfahren zum halten eines flächigen werkstücks |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3515685A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102016218467A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2018055147A1 (de) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6487902B1 (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2002-12-03 | North Carolina State University | Apparatus and method for biaxial tensile testing of membrane materials |
| US20140139252A1 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-22 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Elongation tester |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2880998A (en) * | 1956-10-03 | 1959-04-07 | Earl F Middleton | Feed means for thermoplastic sheets |
| DE1208475B (de) | 1957-06-15 | 1966-01-05 | Kerpenwerk G M B H & Co | Selbsttragendes Abzugsband |
| FR2003994A1 (de) * | 1968-03-15 | 1969-11-14 | Nippon Rayon Kk | |
| FR2317076A2 (fr) | 1975-07-07 | 1977-02-04 | Cellophane Sa | Dispositif ameliore d'etirage des films de matiere plastique |
| IT1149678B (it) | 1982-02-24 | 1986-12-03 | Alfatherm Ind Srl | Procedimento e apparecchiatura per stirare trasversalmente un nastro di pellicola di materiale plastico |
| US4896405A (en) * | 1988-01-21 | 1990-01-30 | Marshall And Williams Company | Tenter clip |
-
2016
- 2016-09-26 DE DE102016218467.9A patent/DE102016218467A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2017
- 2017-09-25 WO PCT/EP2017/074163 patent/WO2018055147A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2017-09-25 EP EP17783748.1A patent/EP3515685A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6487902B1 (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2002-12-03 | North Carolina State University | Apparatus and method for biaxial tensile testing of membrane materials |
| US20140139252A1 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-22 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Elongation tester |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of WO2018055147A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2018055147A1 (de) | 2018-03-29 |
| DE102016218467A1 (de) | 2018-03-29 |
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