EP3507248A1

EP3507248A1 - Liquid treatment apparatus, use of a liquid treatment apparatus, and method for treating a liquid

Info

Publication number: EP3507248A1
Application number: EP17757548.7A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Karin Schneider; Anton Dukart; Olaf Ohlhafer
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 2016-08-31
Filing date: 2017-08-25
Publication date: 2019-07-10
Also published as: DE102016216400A1; WO2018041738A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid treatment apparatus, in particular a mobile liquid treatment apparatus according to claim (1), to a use of a liquid treatment apparatus according to claim (10), and to a method according to claim (11) for treating, in particular sterilizing, a liquid, in particular water. At least one electrode pair is provided to produce at least one electric field, by which the liquid is penetrated in a treatment section and is treated, in particular sterilized, by means of irreversible electroporation.

Description

description

Fluid treatment device, use of a

Fluid treatment device, and method for preparing a liquid

The invention relates to a liquid processing apparatus according to claim 1, a use of a liquid processing apparatus according to claim 10, and a method for preparing a liquid according to claim 11.

State of the art

Mobile treatment of liquids, especially water too

Drinking water is always used when stationary treatment is not available or can not be used for other reasons. Corresponding treatment plants or devices prepare, for example, water from rivers, lakes or near-surface groundwater to drinking water by ridding it of germs or pathogens and also possibly removing toxic or undesirable ingredients. In general, the following procedures are used: filtration, reverse osmosis, chlorination, ozonation, irradiation with UV light.

From DE 102007028580 AI a device for cleaning and sterilizing liquids is known in which a liquid between opposing electrodes with pulsed corona discharges

is charged. In water as a liquid are through this

Corona discharges a variety of oxidizing radicals - such as

For example, ΟΗ ', O', HGV - generated, which cause the degradation of harmful chemical or biological substances and in particular a sterilization.

Disclosure of the invention The liquid processing device according to the invention, in particular a mobile liquid processing device, serves for processing,

in particular decontamination, of a liquid stored in a first container and / or of a liquid flowing from a first container into a second container and / or into a working environment, in particular of drinking water. It comprises an inlet for the supply of liquid to be treated, an outlet for the discharge of treated liquid, and a treatment line connecting the inlet with the outlet in a fluid-conducting manner. In this case, at least one pair of electrodes is in and / or at the treatment line

arranged, which is intended to generate at least one electric field, from which the liquid is interspersed in the processing line and processed by means of irreversible electroporation, in particular sterilized.

A liquid here means a liquid substance, in particular water, drinking water and other liquid foods. Processing a liquid here means the targeted modification of a liquid quality by removing and / or inactivating certain undesirable ingredients, especially pathogens. Sterilization of a liquid here means the removal and / or inactivation and / or killing of microorganisms such as bacteria. A liquid treatment device means a device which is suitable for preparing and / or sterilizing a liquid. A mobile liquid treatment device is a plant or a device with which decentralized, in places without superordinate and / or monitored infrastructure, a supply of users with treated liquid, in particular with treated or sterilized drinking water can be done. However, mobile may also mean that the liquid processing device can be easily retrofitted and removed again: Thus, the liquid processing device could also be used e.g. in aquariums, ponds,

Rain barrels, cisterns, etc. are used. Places without higher-level and / or supervised infrastructure, such as without a municipal drinking water supply, can be remote villages, isolated mountain, forest, desert areas, but also places where a central supply has temporarily failed or where there is a supply of germs contaminated drinking water takes place. Under a first container here is a reservoir for Storage of liquid to be processed, for example, understood from contaminated raw water. Optionally, the first container may also contain already treated liquid or a liquid which is in the process of processing. For example, the first container may be a container, a barrel, a cistern, a storage tank, a bottle, a

Act aquarium. A second container is understood here to mean a storage container or a useful container which serves for the storage of treated liquid, for example of treated or sterilized drinking water. Also, the second container may be, for example, a container, a barrel, a cistern, a storage tank, a bottle, an aquarium. Under

Useful environment is understood here as the place where the liquid is used, for example a kitchen, a bathroom, a laundry room, a

Drinks, a sink, a sink, a shower, a washing machine, a dishwasher, but also a pond. An inlet is an inlet and / or a port to which the liquid is subjected to a treatment, in the present case the treatment. Likewise, an outlet is an outlet and / or a connection, at which the liquid is discharged after a treatment, in the present case after the treatment. A

Processing line is a liquid-conducting flow path in which the treatment of the liquid takes place, for example, this is designed as a reaction space line piece. An electrode here means a component which is designed to receive and conduct electrical charges. One

Electrode pair comprises an electrode and a counter electrode, which are in fixed spatial relationship to one another and when loaded with electric charges, for example, the same amount but different sign, form an electric field between them, for example similar to one

Capacitor. Alternatively, only one electrode may be electrically charged, while the other electrode is connected to a neutral. An electric field is a spatial physical field that is caused by electrical charges and acts on electrical charges. From an electrical

Field interspersed means to be permeated with respect to the liquid flowing through the treatment line, to be exposed to the field, the field acts on the liquid and / or on ingredients of the liquid and as a result changes the quality of the liquid. Electroporation here means a method of permeabilizing membranes of cells of microorganisms make and rely on exposing the cells to an electric field. This permeabilization can be reversible or irreversible. Irreversible electroporation leads to irreversible permeabilization of the cell membrane and thus to the death of the cells and thus to the inactivation and / or killing of the microorganisms.

With the invention, a liquid treatment device is provided, with the help of which decentralized at locations away from a superordinate infrastructure, a liquid processed, in particular sterilized, can be. This has the advantage that at the places mentioned a safe and hygienic liquid supply, especially drinking water supply is guaranteed. For example, legionella can multiply in drinking water in the temperature range between about 25 ° C and 50 ° C. Legionella are the cause of Legionnaires' disease when they enter the body through the lungs (for example, by inhaling the sprayed water)

Bioaerosol). Escherichia coli can colonize food and liquids and are among the most common causes of human

Infectious diseases. The one described here

Fluid treatment device kills, inter alia, the above

Bacteria in the liquid to be processed and avoids a disease of the user or the consumer of the liquid. The killing of the bacteria is carried out by irreversible electroporation, advantageously no other the liquid quality (for example, the taste sensation) disturbing components such as ozone or chlorine arise. It must be added to the liquid to be processed and no other ingredients or be present in it such as sodium chloride. It deliberately does not come to one

Voltage breakdown between the electrodes in the liquid. This is a safe treatment device, the use of which no disturbing other accompanying circumstances brings with it. - One

Voltage breakdown here means that an electrical voltage in the form of a spark or an arc compensates and dissipates. It arises when a voltage applied between two electrodes is greater than a given dielectric strength, wherein the dielectric strength of the medium between the electrodes and a duration, in particular one Pulse duration, an acting on the medium between the electrodes electric field depends.

An advantageous embodiment of the liquid processing device is characterized in that the electrode pair comprises two electrodes, wherein a first electrode is substantially, in particular completely circumferentially disposed on a wall of the liquid processing device, and wherein a second electrode is disposed within the treatment line.

The preparation section comprises, for example, a flow-through tubular element or a flow-through container and thus forms a flow space with a free flow cross-section representing interior and a flow limiting representing wall, which closes the free flow cross-section similar to a tube wall circumferentially outwardly fluid-tight. The first electrode is flat against the wall of the

Liquid treatment device arranged, for example, on the inner side facing the wall. Optionally, the first electrode is arranged on the side facing away from the interior of the wall. Further optionally, the first electrode itself forms the wall at least in sections. That the first

Substantially, in particular completely peripherally arranged on the wall of the liquid treatment device means that the electrode from the interior of the flow space radially to a

Main flow direction of the liquid flow considered on a

Viewing angle of at least 180 degrees, preferably at least

270 degrees, particularly preferably of at least 330 degrees, or completely to 360 degrees circumference on the wall of the liquid processing device, in particular flat along the wall is arranged. In this case, the first electrode also has a longitudinal extent in the main flow direction. The second electrode is arranged in the interior of the free flow cross section, for example, it is a prismatic or rod-shaped, extending parallel to a longitudinal axis of the main flow direction

Electrode. In particular, the second electrode may be cylindrical section-shaped and arranged centrally in the interior of the flow space. The first electrode and the second electrode of the pair of electrodes are advantageously in one and the same Longitudinal section of the treatment line arranged. Such an arrangement may preferably be coaxial. Between the electrodes, a gap-shaped free cross section is formed, through which the liquid to be treated can flow.

A further advantageous embodiment of the

Liquid processing device is characterized in that the pair of electrodes comprises two electrodes, wherein one electrode has at least two electrode sections electrically connected in parallel, and wherein the other electrode has at least one electrode section or at least two electrode sections electrically connected in parallel. The electrode sections are fully cylindrical and / or hollow cylindrical with a

Cylinder axis and formed with divergent diameters and extending axially parallel to a main flow direction of the

Liquid. The electrode sections are substantially, in particular completely coaxial with each other and radially spaced from each other, wherein the electrode sections of an electrode form spaces in which the electrode sections of the other electrode at least partially engage. In this case, adjacent electrode sections have different polarities from each other.

In general, the following applies to the invention: Electrode sections are subareas of an electrode, which together form a one-part or preferably a multi-part geometric structure of the electrode. The electrode sections of the first electrode are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner. Likewise, the

Electrode portions of the second electrode electrically conductively connected to each other. Thus, the electrode portions of the first electrode may assume a different polarity than the electrode portions of the second electrode. Polarity means an electrical connection to an electrical one

DC pole such as a positive pole, an anode, a negative pole, a cathode, or an electrical connection to an AC voltage, or a connection to ground potential. With the polarity of electrode and

Counter electrode is a field direction (also called field line direction, direction of a vector field of the electric field strength) of the forming electric field connected: this is defined as from the positive pole to the negative pole oriented. In addition to the electrically conductive connections, the

Electrode portions of the first and / or the second electrode also

mechanically, for example, electrically insulating, be connected to each other - for example, by a web-shaped connecting element - and thus form an easy-to-handle first and / or second electrode or an easy-to-handle electrode pair.

In the embodiment described here are the individual

Electrode sections each formed as a solid cylinder or as a hollow cylinder, each having different diameters. The lengths of the

Electrode portions may be substantially or completely the same, that is, the lengths may differ from one another by at most 30%, preferably at most 15%, more preferably at most 5%, or be identical. The hollow cylindrical electrode sections of the first electrode and the hollow or hollow cylindrical electrode sections of the second electrode of the

Electrode pairs are advantageously arranged in a same longitudinal section of the treatment line, which means that the transverse to

Main flow direction arranged end faces of the electrode portions lie in a common plane or are only slightly axially offset from each other, for example, a maximum of 30%, preferably by a maximum

15%, more preferably by a maximum of 5% with respect to the length of the longest electrode section in the main flow direction differ from each other. The fact that the cylinders are arranged essentially, in particular completely coaxially, means that they have a common cylinder axis or that their respective cylinder axes deviate only slightly radially and / or angularly from one another, for example radially at most by 10%, preferably at most by 5% of the diameter of the flow cross-section of the preparation path are shifted from each other, or tilted, for example, at an angle of at most 10 degrees, preferably at most 5 degrees against each other. The end faces (bases) of the solid cylinder or hollow cylinder may be circular, circular, elliptical, or regularly or irregular polygonal ring. Accordingly, the hollow cylinders are hollow circular cylinders, hollow elliptical cylinder ellipses

(Face), or generally hollow prisms with regular or irregular polygonal base (face). The cylinders are radial to each other spaced, that means between the cylinders

Gaps or gaps are present, which in turn have a hollow cylindrical shape. Through this column, the liquid to be processed can flow through. The one another and radially spaced from each other

arranged cylinder and hollow cylinder are assigned as electrode sections alternately the first electrode or the second electrode.

For example, (radially counting from the inside out) are the innermost

Electrode section a solid cylinder, the third, the fifth (possibly further)

Hollow cylinder electrode sections of the first electrode. In this example, the second, fourth, sixth (possibly further) hollow cylinders are electrode sections of the second electrode. In other words, the electrode sections of the first electrode engage in the interspaces which are located between the two electrodes

Form electrode portions of the second electrode, a. The expression "at least partially intervening" describes the above-explained aspect in that the electrode sections are arranged in a same longitudinal section of the preparation section or only slightly offset axially relative to one another.

A further advantageous embodiment of the

Liquid processing device is characterized in that the pair of electrodes comprises two electrodes, wherein one electrode has at least two electrode sections electrically connected in parallel, and wherein the other electrode has at least one electrode section or at least two electrode sections electrically connected in parallel. In this case, the electrode portions are cup-shaped, in particular plate-shaped and extend parallel to a main flow direction of the liquid, wherein the electrode portions are stacked and spaced from each other. The electrode sections of an electrode form intermediate spaces, into which the electrode sections of the other electrode at least partially engage. Adjacent electrode sections have different polarities from each other.

In the embodiment described here are the individual

Electrode sections each cup-shaped, in particular plate-shaped formed, which means a flat two-dimensional structure with a small thickness and many times larger dimensions of width and length. The lengths of the individual bowl-shaped or plate-shaped

Electrode portions may be substantially or completely the same, that is, the lengths may differ from one another by at most 30%, preferably at most 15%, more preferably at most 5%, or be identical. The widths of the electrode sections are based on the available internal dimensions of the free flow cross section of the

Flow space of the processing line, the widths fill the free one

Flow cross-section substantially, preferably completely made. The thicknesses of the electrode sections are based on the stability requirements placed on the electrode sections and are many times smaller than the widths and lengths. The cup-shaped or plate-shaped

Electrode sections of the first electrode and the shell-shaped or plate-shaped electrode sections of the second electrode of the electrode pair are advantageously arranged in a same longitudinal section of the preparation section, which means that the end sides of the electrode sections arranged transversely to the main flow direction lie in a common plane or are displaced only slightly axially relative to one another. For example, differ by a maximum of 30%, preferably by a maximum of 15%, more preferably by a maximum of 5% with respect to the length of the longest electrode section in the main flow direction. That the shell-shaped or plate-shaped electrode sections are substantially, in particular completely parallel to a main flow direction of the liquid (and thus also parallel to each other) means that the

Electrode sections have longitudinal directions which deviate only slightly at an angle from the main flow direction, for example, at an angle of at most 10 degrees, preferably at most 5 degrees, particularly preferably not tilted against each other. The end faces (or cross sections) of the electrode sections may be rectangular or arcuate or wavy with a small thickness. Accordingly, the electrode sections are flat plates or simply curved or wavy curved trays. The axis of curvature or the axes of curvature of the shells are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the shells and thus substantially, in particular completely parallel to a main flow direction. The general concept of Curved shell includes the special case of flat, not curved plate. The electrode sections are stacked and spaced from each other, that is, the electrode sections with their width and length defined surfaces are stacked facing each other stacked. Between the electrode sections there are gaps or gaps whose shapes are determined by the shape of the adjacent ones

Electrode sections are defined. Through this column, the liquid to be processed can flow through. The spaced apart arranged

Electrode sections are alternately assigned to the first electrode or the second electrode. For example, a first, third, fifth (possibly further)

Electrode portion of the first electrode, and a second, fourth, sixth (possibly further) electrode portion associated with the second electrode. In other words, the electrode portions of the first electrode engage in the

Gaps that form between the electrode portions of the second electrode, a.

A further advantageous embodiment of the

Liquid processing device is characterized in that the electrodes and / or electrode portions are coated at least partially insulating. As a result, for example, deposits from the

Liquid on the electrodes or electrode sections and / or

Damage can be avoided. However, in order that the electric field between the electrodes can form largely unhindered, a high permittivity (dielectric conductivity) of the coating is recommended.

A further advantageous embodiment of the

Liquid processing device is characterized in that the liquid available free space between the electrodes and / or between the electrode sections in the range 0.1 to 20 millimeters, preferably in the range 1 to 10 millimeters. This provides for a sufficiently low flow resistance of the liquid with good training opportunity for the electric field.

A further advantageous embodiment of the

Fluid treatment device is characterized by a Conveyor designed to move the fluid through the

To promote processing line, wherein the conveyor is arranged upstream of the inlet or downstream of the outlet. One the

Liquid processing fluid flowing through amount is ensured defined. Alternatively, the liquid can

Fluid treatment device, for example, due to the

Flow through the gravity of the liquid. The conveyor may comprise a pump and a motor driving the pump, in particular an electric motor.

A further advantageous embodiment of the

Fluid treatment device is characterized by a

Energy supply unit, which is provided to provide an electrical energy for generating a voltage applied to the electrodes and / or for operating the conveyor. The energy supply unit may be integrated in the treatment line or arranged outside. The energy supply unit may, for example, generate (convert) the energy itself and / or pass it through from an energy supplier.

A further advantageous embodiment of the

Liquid processing device is characterized in that the energy supply unit to a network connection to a

Power supply network, in particular a decentralized power supply network, and / or an electrical energy from solar energy generating

Photovoltaic module and / or an energy-storing, possibly rechargeable battery includes. This ensures safe energy provision.

A further advantageous embodiment of the

Fluid treatment device is characterized by a

Voltage pulse generator, which is intended to voltage pulses for

Apply to the electrodes. This creates the possibility of generating a pulsed electric field.

A further advantageous embodiment of the

Fluid treatment device is characterized by Filter means adapted to filter the liquid, the filter means being located upstream of the inlet or downstream of the outlet. Using the filter device, unwanted particles can be filtered out of the liquid. The filter device can be

Include filter element. A cleaning and exemption of the filter device from the accumulated particles can be done by replacing the filter device or the filter element or by backwashing.

The use according to the invention of a liquid treatment device for treating, in particular sterilizing, a liquid is characterized in that the liquid is stored in a first container and is circulated and processed by the liquid processing device, and / or wherein the liquid from a first container through the

Liquid processing device flows into a second container and is thereby processed, and / or wherein the liquid flows from a first container through the liquid processing device into a working environment, wherein the liquid is treated, in particular sterilized, is. In the former case, the liquid processing device is in the liquid in the first container. A conveyor, including, for example, a pump and a motor driving the pump, delivers fluid through the

Liquid treatment device, wherein the liquid is treated. The liquid then returns to the first container. In this way, the liquid is constantly circulated and increasingly processed, until finally the entire liquid is circulated and processed. In the second case, the liquid treatment device is arranged at the outlet of a first container filled with liquid to be processed. The liquid flows through the liquid treatment device under the action of gravity and is thereby processed. Then it flows as prepared liquid further into a second container. In the third case, similar to the second case, the liquid flows directly into a working environment, for example drinking water flows into a shower, a kitchen workstation, a drinking water bottle or a drinking cup.

The method according to the invention for processing, in particular sterilizing a liquid by means of a liquid treatment device, comprises supplying liquid to be reprocessed stored in a first container via an inlet, a discharge of treated liquid via an outlet into the first container and / or into a second container and / or into a utility environment, as well as a passage of a liquid-conductively connecting the inlet with the outlet treatment line with liquid. At least one electric field is generated in and / or at the preparation section by means of electrodes set under electrical voltage, and the

Liquid thereby treated, in particular sterilized, that they are in the

Reprocessing range from this at least one electric field in the

Essentially, in particular completely, interspersed. Substantially, in particular completely, to be permeated by the electric field means that at least 80%, preferably at least 95%, particularly preferably at least 99% of the liquid to be treated or the entire liquid flows through a flow space which is defined as being geometrically of the straight connecting lines and / or flat connecting surfaces, which span between each two points and / or two edges of the two electrodes, wrapped and / or penetrated. The electric field acts on the ingredients of the liquid to be processed, in particular biological contaminants such as pathogens, microorganisms, bacteria.

An advantageous embodiment of the method is characterized in that the liquid flows through the preparation section and is penetrated by at least two in the main flow direction of the liquid serially successive, spaced-apart, stationary electric fields. A stationary electric field is a field whose polarity and strength are in the

Is essentially or completely immutable. Immutable means that a field strength of the electric field deviates less than 10%, preferably less than 5% from its nominal value during a process sequence in spatial, temporal and electrical terms. Creating it is especially easy. The liquid undergoes two field pulses when passing through the stationary field, as it successively enters a first electric field in time, flows through it, thereby experiences a field pulse, and emerges from it, then flows through the distance between the first and a second electric field, and then enters the second electric field, flows through it, thereby experiencing a field pulse, and emerges from it. A pulse or impulse is on temporally limited, in particular a momentarily acting parameter, accordingly, a field pulse is a time-limited, in particular a short-term acting electric field. The field pulse results from the fact that the stationary electric field acts only briefly on each partial volume element of the liquid flowing past it. Under

Part volume element is here any, in the liquid aggregate with moving, considered isolated, arbitrarily small amount of liquid understood, from which the liquid aggregate is composed and like any other the treatment section flowing through the partial volume element is penetrated by the electric field.

A further advantageous embodiment of the method is characterized

in that the liquid flows through the preparation section and is penetrated by at least one pulsed electric field. A pulsed electric field is a transient in time and / or electrical field, the field strength switches, for example, in a regular or irregular recurring sequence at least between a first value and a second value in the manner of a single-step function or in the manner of a pulse train. Or wherein the field strength switches between a first value, a second value and a zero value in the manner of a two-stage staircase function. Or where the field strength is modulated in regularly recurring or irregularly recurring sequence, for example recurrently increases and decreases, for example in the manner of a multi-stage staircase function, or in the manner of a ramp function, or in the manner of a trigonometric function, for example a sine function. A pulsed electric field may also be called a pulsed electric field.

It is particularly advantageous if, in the pulsed electric field, a number of pulses from a range between 1 and 100 field pulses to each partial volume element flowing through the at least one field

Liquid acts. A timing of the electric field is thus designed so that at given flow velocity of the liquid and selected spatial extent of the electric field in the main flow direction between entry into the field and exit from the field 1 to 100 field pulses this partial volume element act. With the number of pulses increases a quality of the treatment of the liquid.

A further advantageous embodiment of the method is characterized

characterized in that a time duration of a field pulse of the pulsed electric field in the range 0.01 to 100 milliseconds, in particular in the range 0.1 to 10 milliseconds. The duration of a field pulse is measured between an incipient increase in the field strength from an initial value (for example, field strength zero) to a target value until the completed fall of the field strength from the target value back to the initial value. The

Field pulses can follow one another directly or be separated from pauses; in the pauses, a field strength is for example the initial value.

A further advantageous embodiment of the method is characterized

characterized in that an applied to the liquid field strength of the electric field in the range 0.1 to 10 kilovolts per millimeter, in particular in the range 2 to 6 kilovolts per millimeter. In this area can be a

Voltage breakdown of the electrical voltage from electrode to

Counter electrode are still effectively avoided, while the necessary field for a successful electroporation and fluid preparation field strength is already given.

A further advantageous embodiment of the method is characterized

characterized in that the electric field has a constant polarity, in particular an intermittently constant polarity. Thus, the electric field throughout the same field direction and have the electrode and the counter electrode on the same polarity, ie, for example, electrode constant at the positive pole, counter electrode

Constant at the negative pole, possibly interrupted by a

Field strength drop or a field break to an output value

(For example, field strength zero).

A further advantageous embodiment of the method is characterized

in that the polarities of in the main flow direction of the liquid serially successive (spatially behind one another) electric fields are mutually inverted or reversed. Thus, the field direction of successive electric fields is different from each other. This can have a positive effect on the dielectric strength of the electric field.

A further advantageous embodiment of the method is characterized

characterized in that the electric field has an alternating polarity. As a result, the polarity of the electrode and the counter electrode changes in a time-regular or irregular sequence and the field direction of the electric field changes. This can have a positive effect on the puncture resistance.

A further advantageous embodiment of the method is characterized

characterized in that the electric field is generated substantially, in particular completely, only when flowing through the liquid processing device. The flow can, for example, with a manual or a flow-responsive switch or on the basis of

Pump operation can be detected. The dormant liquid is not exposed to an electric field and is therefore not processed. This serves, for example, a saving of energy in downtime. In this context, complete means that the beginning and the end of the

Liquid flow through the processing line coincides exactly in time with the beginning and end of the generation and application of the electric field. Essentially in this context means that the beginning and the end of the liquid flow coincide in time largely with the beginning and end of generating and applying the electric field, with deviations of a maximum of 10 seconds, preferably a maximum of 5 seconds, more preferably a maximum of 1 second. Deviation in this context means a flow without a field is applied.

A further advantageous embodiment of the method is characterized

in that at least one parameter of the electric field is changed as a function of a flow velocity of the liquid. For example, at least one of the parameters pulse number, duration of a field pulse, field strength, electrode polarity depending on Flow rate changed. Flow rate here means the mean flow velocity of the liquid flowing through the treatment line. For example, a slower-flowing liquid can be treated with a lower pulse rate, with shorter field pulses, with a lower field strength than a faster-flowing liquid. Thus, an adaptation of the method is given to the flow rate and the liquid flow rate and created a way that reaches a consistently high quality of treatment at each flow rate.

With the liquid treatment device, with the use and with the method solutions are provided with which it is now possible to provide freshly prepared, especially sterilized liquid, especially drinking water, in a continuous process also decentralized at remote locations at the time of use, with the certainty that the liquid is immediately after a Zapfpause freshly prepared again available.

The drawing discloses various embodiments of the invention and is shown in FIG

Figure 1 shows four uses of liquid treatment devices in

Cut,

FIG. 2 shows a liquid processing device in longitudinal and cross-section,

FIG. 3 shows a liquid treatment device in longitudinal and cross-section,

FIG. 4 shows a liquid treatment device in longitudinal and cross-section,

5 shows a liquid processing device in longitudinal section.

Figure 1 discloses four uses of the invention

Liquid treatment devices 20 in section. FIG. 1 a shows a liquid 12 arranged in a first container 10

Fluid treatment device 20. The Liquid treatment device 20 sucks liquid 121 to be processed from the first container 10, passes it through the

Fluid treatment device 20, wherein the liquid 12 is treated, and ejects them as prepared liquid 122 back into the first container 10. FIG. 1b shows a liquid processing device 20 arranged in a first container 10 in a liquid 12

Liquid treatment device 20 sucks liquid 121 to be processed from the first container 10, passes it through the

Liquid treatment device 20, wherein the liquid 12 is treated, and discharges them as prepared liquid 122 via a pipe or a hose 13 into a second container 11. The

Liquid processing devices 20 of Figures la and lb include for their operation a conveyor 15. Figure lc showed a on a

Outlet cross-section of a first container 10 and disposed at an inlet cross-section of a second container 11 liquid processing device 20. The liquid to be treated 121 flows under gravity from the first container 10 through the liquid processing device 20, where it is processed. The treated liquid 122 flows into the second container 11. FIG. 1 d shows a liquid processing device 20 arranged at an outlet cross section of a first container 10. The liquid 121 to be treated flows out of the first container 10 under gravity

Fluid treatment device 20, where it is processed. The treated liquid 122, for example drinking water, flows into a drinking cup 14.

Generally, the drinking cup 14 is an application in a utility environment 40. The utility environment 40 may also be a kitchen, a bathroom, a bathroom

Laundry room, a beverage dispenser, a sink, a sink, a shower, a washing machine, a dishwasher. The

Liquid treatment devices 20 of Figures lc and ld need for their operation no conveyor, since the liquid under

Gravity is promoted. An energy supply unit 50 supplies the electrodes and the conveyor 15 with electrical energy and can connect a power supply to a power supply network and / or a

Photovoltaic module and / or include a battery. Figure 2 discloses a liquid processing device 20 in longitudinal section (Figure 2a) and cross-section (Figure 2b). This liquid processing device 20 comprises an inlet 21, an outlet 22, a preparation section 23 connecting the inlet 21 to the outlet 22 in fluid-conducting manner, a wall 26 and three pairs of electrodes each having a first electrode 24 and a second electrode 25. The first electrodes 24 are completely circumferential arranged on the wall 26. The second electrodes 25 are arranged coaxially within the treatment section 23. Coaxial means that a longitudinal axis (cylinder axis) 29 of the second electrode 25 is identical to a main flow direction 30 of the liquid 12 in the treatment section 23. The electrodes 24, 25 may be coated on the surface at least partially insulating (not shown). Liquid 12 flows through the preparation section 23 and is penetrated by three in the main flow direction 30 of the liquid 12 serially successive, spaced-apart, electric fields 28. These may be stationary electric fields 28 which maintain their respective polarity continuously (constant polarity) whose polarities change from the first electrode pair to the second electrode pair and from the second electrode pair to the third electrode pair (as inverted by each other) as indicated by the plus and minus signs indicated. Alternatively, they may be intermittently constant polarities, which are interrupted by pauses without application of an electrical voltage (without electrical connection). The electrical connection to the electrodes 24, 25 or electrode sections arranged in the interior of the flow space of the preparation section 23 can be carried out - electrically isolated - through the web-shaped connecting elements 27.

In the space between the first electrode 24 and the second electrode 25 web-shaped connecting elements 27 are arranged, which connect the electrodes 24, 25 mechanically, but electrically insulating. Upon application of an electrical voltage to the electrodes 24, 25 forms in the

Processing line 23 between the electrodes 24, 25 an electric field 28 from. This electric field 28 passes through the liquid 12, 121 and prepares it by means of irreversible electroporation. FIG. 3 discloses a liquid processing device 20. FIG. 3a shows the longitudinal section of a liquid processing device 20 with an electrode pair comprising two electrodes 24, 25. The first electrode 24 has two electrically connected, parallel-connected hollow circular cylindrical

Electrode sections 241, 242 on. The second electrode 25 has two electrically connected, parallel-connected electrode sections 251, 252. The electrode portion 251 is formed vollkreiszylindrisch, the

Electrode portion 252 is formed hollow cylindrical. The

Electrode portions 241, 242, 251, 252 have different diameter and extend axially parallel to a

Main flow direction 30 of the liquid 12. The electrode sections 241, 242, 251, 252 are arranged coaxially and radially spaced from each other. The electrode sections 241, 242 of the first electrode 24 form intermediate spaces, into which the electrode sections 251, 252 of the second electrode 25 engage.

Adjacent electrode sections have different polarities from each other. The polarities are of alternating nature here. The electrode sections

241, 242 of the first electrode 24 may be connected to an electrical conductor L. For example, temporally successive rectangular voltage pulses with alternating signs are applied to the electrical conductor L. Alternatively, for example, voltage functions of another type with alternating signs can be present. The electrode sections 251, 252 of the second electrode 25 may be connected to an electrical neutral conductor N. Between the electrode sections form electric fields 28. When voltage pulses are applied, pulsed electric fields 28 occur.

FIG. 3b shows the cross-section of that explained under FIG. 3a

Fluid treatment device 20 with fully circular cylindrical or

hollow circular cylindrical electrode sections 241, 242, 251, 252.

FIG. 3c shows an alternative cross-section of the liquid treatment device 20 explained in FIG. 3a, wherein the electrode sections 241,

242, 251, 252 here prismatic or hollow prismatic, square in cross-section or hollow square are formed. 4 shows a liquid processing device 20. FIG. 4a shows the longitudinal section of a liquid processing device 20 with three pairs of electrodes each comprising two electrodes 24, 25. The first electrode 24 has four electrically connected, parallel-connected, plate-shaped electrode sections 243, 244, 245, 246. The second electrode 25 has three electrically connected, parallel-connected, plate-shaped

Electrode sections 253, 254, 255 on. Plates represent a special geometric form of shells, their radius of curvature goes to infinity. The electrode sections 243, 244, 245, 246, 253, 254, 255 extend with their longitudinal axis axially parallel to a main flow direction 30 of the liquid 12.

The electrode sections 243, 244, 245, 246, 253, 254, 255 are stacked at a distance from one another. The electrode sections 243, 244, 245, 246 of the first electrode 24 form interspaces into which the electrode sections 253, 254, 255 of the second electrode 25 engage. The to the

Electrode portions 243, 244, 245, 246, 253, 254, 255 applied polarities are indicated by the references to conductor L and neutral N.

FIGS. 4b and 4d show possible cross sections of the liquid processing device 20 with round contour explained in FIG. 4a.

FIGS. 4c and 4e show alternative cross sections of the angularly contoured liquid processing device 20 illustrated in FIG. 4a.

FIG. 5 discloses a fluid treatment device 20 having an inlet 21, an outlet 22, a preparation section 23, a wall 26 and a pair of electrodes having a first electrode 24 and a second electrode 25. The first electrode 24 is arranged peripherally on the wall 26. The second electrode 25 is disposed within the processing line 23. The

Liquid processing device 20 comprises a conveyor 15 which is arranged at the outlet 22 downstream of the liquid processing device 20. The conveyor 15 comprises a pump 16 (shown schematically here by an impeller) and an electric motor 17 for driving the pump. Furthermore, the liquid treatment device 20 comprises a filter device 18 with filter element 19 for removing particles from the liquid 121 to be processed. The filter device 18 is at the inlet 22 upstream of the liquid processing device 20, so that the entering into the liquid processing device 20,

to be prepared liquid 121 is free of particles. Furthermore, the

Liquid treatment device 20, an energy supply unit 50 for providing and / or generating electrical energy, by means of the one

Voltage for application to the electrodes 24, 25 or electrode sections and / or for operating the conveyor 15 can be provided. The power supply unit 50 may connect a power to

Power supply network and / or a photovoltaic module and / or a battery. With such an energy supply unit 50, an easily implementable implementation is provided that the electric field 28 is generated only when flowing through the liquid processing device 20. The electrical energy is supplied to a voltage pulse generator 56 which supplies the electrodes 24, 25 with voltage, in particular with voltage pulses.

Claims

claims

1. liquid processing device (20), in particular mobile

Liquid processing device (20) for processing, in particular sterilizing, a liquid (12) stored in a first container (10) and / or one from a first container (10) into a second container (11) and / or into a use environment (40 ) flowing liquid (12),

especially drinking water, comprising

An inlet (21) for supplying liquid (121) to be treated,

• an outlet (22) for removing treated liquid (122), as well

• one the inlet (21) with the outlet (22) liquid-conducting

connecting processing line (23),

in which

At least one in and / or at the processing line (23)

Electrode pair is arranged,

• which is intended to at least one electric field (28)

produce, of which the liquid (12) in the processing line (23) is interspersed and processed by means of irreversible electroporation, in particular sterilized. 2. Liquid processing device (20) according to claim 1,

characterized in that

The pair of electrodes comprises two electrodes (24, 25),

Wherein a first electrode (24) substantially, in particular

completely circumferentially on a wall (26) of

Liquid treatment device (20) is arranged, and

• wherein a second electrode (25) within the processing line (23) is arranged.

3. liquid processing device (20) according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized in that The pair of electrodes comprises two electrodes (24, 25),

Wherein at least one electrode (24, 25) has at least two electrode sections (241, 242, etc., 251, 252, etc.) connected electrically in parallel,

Wherein the electrode sections (241, 242, etc., 251, 252, etc.)

are fully cylindrical and / or hollow cylindrical with a cylinder axis (29) and with differing diameters are formed and extend axially parallel to a main flow direction (30) of the liquid (12),

• wherein the electrode sections (241, 242, etc., 251, 252, etc.) in

Essentially, in particular completely coaxially and radially spaced from one another,

Wherein the electrode sections (241, 242, etc.) of one electrode (24) form spaces in which the electrode sections (251, 252, etc.) of the other electrode (25) at least partially engage,

Wherein adjacent electrode portions (241, 242, etc., 251, 252, etc.) have different polarities from each other.

Liquid processing device (20) according to claim 1,

characterized in that

The pair of electrodes comprises two electrodes (24, 25),

Wherein at least one electrode (24, 25) has at least two electrode sections (243, 244, 245, 246, 253, 254, 255) connected electrically in parallel,

Wherein the electrode sections (243, 244, 245, 246, 253, 254, 255)

cup-shaped, in particular plate-shaped and extending parallel to a main flow direction (30) of the liquid (12),

Wherein the electrode sections (243, 244, 245, 246, 253, 254, 255)

stacked and spaced from each other,

Wherein the electrode sections (243, 244, 245, 246) of one electrode (24) form spaces in which the electrode sections (253, 254, 255) of the other electrode (25) at least partially engage, Wherein adjacent electrode portions (243, 244, 245, 246, 253, 254, 255) have different polarities from each other.

Liquid treatment device (20) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized by a conveyor means for conveying the liquid (12) through the treatment line (23), the conveyor being located upstream of the inlet (21) or downstream of the outlet (22).

Liquid treatment device (20) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized by an energy supply unit (50) which is provided to provide an electrical energy for generating a voltage that can be applied to the electrodes (24, 25) and / or for operating the conveyor.

Liquid treatment device (20) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the energy supply unit (50)

A mains connection (53) to a power supply network and / or

A photovoltaic module (54) and / or

• includes a battery (55).

Liquid treatment device (20) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized by a voltage pulse generator (56) arranged to generate voltage pulses for application to the electrodes (24, 25).

Liquid treatment device (20) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized by a filter means arranged to filter the liquid (12), the filter means upstream of Inlet (21) or downstream of the outlet (22) is arranged.

10. Use of a liquid treatment device (20) according to one of claims 1 to 9 for processing, in particular sterilizing, a

Liquid,

Wherein the liquid is stored in a first container and is circulated through the liquid treatment device (20), and / or

• where the liquid from a first container through the

Liquid processing device (20) flows into a second container, and / or

• where the liquid from a first container through the

Fluid treatment device (20) flows into a utility environment,

• wherein the liquid is treated, in particular sterilized, is.

11. A method for processing, in particular sterilizing a liquid (12) by means of a liquid processing device (20) according to one of claims 1 to 9, comprising

Supplying a liquid (121), which has been stored in a first container, via an inlet (21),

A discharge of treated liquid (122) via an outlet (22) into the first container and / or into a second container and / or into a use environment (40), as well as

Flowing through the inlet (21) with the outlet (22)

liquid-conducting connecting preparation line (23) with liquid (12),

wherein at least one electric field (28) is generated in and / or at the preparation section (23) by means of electrodes (24, 25) under tension and the liquid (12) is thereby treated, in particular sterilized, in the processing section (23 ) of this at least one electric field (28) is substantially, in particular completely, interspersed.

12. The method according to claim 11,

characterized in that the liquid (12) flows through the preparation section (23) and thereby of at least two in the main flow direction (30) the liquid (12) serially successive, spaced apart, stationary electric fields (28) is interspersed.

13. The method according to claim 11,

characterized in that the liquid (12) flows through the preparation section (23) and is penetrated by at least one pulsed electric field (28), wherein a number of pulses from a range between 1 and 100 field pulses acting on the liquid.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13,

characterized in that a force acting on the liquid (12) field strength of the electric field (28) in the range 0.1 to 10 kilovolts per millimeter, in particular in the range 2 to 6 kilovolts per millimeter.

15. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 14,

characterized in that the electric field (28) has a constant polarity, in particular an intermittently constant polarity.

16. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 15,

characterized in that the polarities of in the main flow direction (30) of the liquid (12) of serially successive electric fields (28) are mutually inverted.

17. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 16,

characterized in that the electric field (28) has an alternating polarity.

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17,

characterized in that the electric field (28) substantially, in particular completely, only when flowing through the

Liquid processing device (20) is generated.