EP3499043A1 - Dampfkreislaufverdichter mit variabler einlass-/auslassgeometrie - Google Patents

Dampfkreislaufverdichter mit variabler einlass-/auslassgeometrie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3499043A1
EP3499043A1 EP18211795.2A EP18211795A EP3499043A1 EP 3499043 A1 EP3499043 A1 EP 3499043A1 EP 18211795 A EP18211795 A EP 18211795A EP 3499043 A1 EP3499043 A1 EP 3499043A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
assembly
stage
vanes
diffuser
return channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18211795.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Leighty
Leroy Allen Fizer
Niall Mccabe
Cassie Palo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honeywell International Inc
Original Assignee
Honeywell International Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honeywell International Inc filed Critical Honeywell International Inc
Publication of EP3499043A1 publication Critical patent/EP3499043A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/002—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying geometry within the pumps, e.g. by adjusting vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/46—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
    • F04D29/462—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D17/122—Multi-stage pumps the individual rotor discs being, one for each stage, on a common shaft and axially spaced, e.g. conventional centrifugal multi- stage compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/284—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for compressors
    • F04D29/286—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for compressors multi-stage rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/50—Inlet or outlet
    • F05D2250/51—Inlet

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to vapor cycle compressors and, more particularly, to apparatus and methods of widening the operational envelope of flows in centrifugal compressors.
  • gas enters the compressor through a fixed inlet nozzle that directs the flow into a centrifugal impeller in such a way that the flow is uniformly distributed at a desired velocity.
  • the flow then travels through stationary components adjacent to the impeller inlet designed to deliver the flow to the impeller with minimal pressure drop.
  • the impellers force the gas refrigerant to spin faster and faster.
  • the flow then leaves the impeller and typically flows through a stationary diffuser causing it to decelerate.
  • These stationary diffusers are actually static guide vanes where energy transformation takes place, where part of velocity head turns to a pressure head. This reduction in velocity causes the pressure to rise leading to a compressed fluid.
  • Typical centrifugal vapor cycle compressors have a narrow operational envelope due to fixed vanes within the inlet and the diffuser. These vanes define the operational envelope of the compressor which includes the pressure ratio and the mass flow rates that are achievable. This narrow envelope provides challenges and limitations when designing an aircraft vapor cycle refrigerant system because the compressor must operate at both design and off-design conditions.
  • a vapor cycle compressor comprises a controller section; a drive section in communication with the controller section; and a compression section operatively engaged with the drive section, wherein the compression section includes: an inlet guide vane assembly; wherein the inlet guide vane assembly includes inlet vanes that are configured to adjust their angle of orientation; a first stage diffuser assembly downstream of the inlet guide vane assembly; wherein the first stage diffuser assembly includes first diffuser vanes that are configured to adjust their angle of orientation; a return channel assembly downstream of the first stage diffuser assembly; wherein the return channel assembly includes return channel vanes that are configured to adjust their angle of orientation; a second stage diffuser assembly downstream of the return channel assembly; wherein the second stage diffuser assembly includes second diffuser vanes that are configured to adjust their angle of orientation.
  • a vapor cycle compressor comprises a controller section; a drive section in communication with the controller section; wherein the drive section includes a plurality of stepper motors; and a compression section operatively engaged with the drive section, wherein the compression section includes: an inlet guide vane assembly operatively engaged with a first stepper motor; a first stage diffuser assembly downstream of the inlet guide vane assembly and operatively engaged with a second stepper motor; a return channel assembly downstream of the first stage diffuser assembly and operatively engaged with a third stepper motor; a second stage diffuser assembly downstream of the return channel assembly and operatively engaged with a fourth stepper motor.
  • a vapor cycle compressor comprises a controller section; a drive section in communication with the controller section; and a hermetically sealed compression section operatively engaged with the drive section, wherein the compression section includes: an inlet guide vane assembly; a first stage diffuser assembly downstream of the inlet guide vane assembly; a return channel assembly downstream of the first stage diffuser assembly; a second stage diffuser assembly downstream of the return channel assembly; wherein the inlet guide vane assembly, the first stage diffuser assembly, the return channel assembly, and the second stage diffuser assembly each have a respective set of vanes; wherein each respective set of vanes is configured with a respective orientation angle that can be varied independently of one another.
  • the present invention provides a vapor cycle compressor that allows angle variation of one or more of inlet guide vanes, return channel vanes, and diffuser vanes. That can provide a wider operational envelope, an improvement in the coefficient of performance, and the ability to use different refrigerants in the compressor without changing the design.
  • This invention allows independent variability of the inlet and outlet geometries within a centrifugal refrigerant compressor, a hermetically sealed drive mechanism, redundancy for the drive mechanism, control logic that adjusts the vanes based on performance requirements, and a compact light weight mechanism.
  • a compression section is arranged with the impellers front-to-back, with an internal crossover between stages to minimize overall compressor size and weight.
  • Variable inlet guide vanes in conjunction with variable diffuser vanes are utilized in both the first and second stages.
  • Each variable vane mechanism is driven by redundant stepper motors connected to a common shaft.
  • the common shaft contains a worm that drives a geared section of a unison ring.
  • the unison ring rotates the vanes in one direction or an opposite direction.
  • an exemplary vapor cycle compressor 100 can be affixed to a support via mountings 107.
  • the compressor 100 may include a drive section 101, a compression section 102 operatively engaged with the drive section 101, a controller section 120 in communication with the drive section 101, and a motor section 121 operatively engaged with the compressor section 102.
  • the controller section 120 and the motor section 121 may be hermetically sealed in a cover/housing 103.
  • the drive section 101 may include a stepper motor assembly 105 that can be hermetically sealed.
  • the stepper motor assembly 105 may include a plurality of stepper motor subassemblies 105a.
  • One or more of the subassemblies 105a may include a stepper motor connector 105b and a stepper motor housing 105c.
  • the stepper motor connector 105b may connect to power from a separate or internally derived source.
  • One or more of the stepper motor subassemblies 105a may further include a stepper motor, a worm, a worm shaft, and a worm gear, as described below.
  • the compression section 102 may include an inlet subsection 102a and an impeller/diffuser subsection 102b.
  • the inlet subsection 102a may include a compressor inlet 104 configured to receive a vapor refrigerant.
  • the inlet subsection 102a may further include an inlet guide vane assembly described below.
  • the impeller/diffuser subsection 102b may include an upstream first stage impeller assembly, a downstream first stage diffuser assembly, a downstream return channel assembly, a downstream second stage impeller assembly, and a downstream second stage diffuser assembly described below.
  • the impeller/diffuser subsection 102b may also include a subcooling inlet 106 that is configured to increase cooling performance and extend compressor flow range.
  • the controller section 120 of the compressor 100 may include a digital signal processor 113 that is configured to provide localized compressor torque and speed control which includes stepper motor function, and a high power switch module 116 that is configured to provide control of the main electric motor 121.
  • a current sensor transducer 112 can be configured to measure power into the motor section 121
  • a motor bus bar 114 can be configured to distribute current
  • a stud seal terminal 115 can be configured to pass electric current from the exterior of the compressor to the interior of the compressor.
  • a capacitor 118 can be configured to maintain constant controller DC link voltage
  • capacitor bus bar 117 can be configured to supply or distribute link voltage
  • a power input terminal 119 can be configured to receive power to the compressor.
  • a vapor cycle compressor 200 may include a drive section 201, a compression section 202, a motor section 221, and a controller section (not shown), all of which can be similar to that described in relation to FIGS. 1A-1B . Accordingly, reference numbers in FIG. 2 correspond to like reference numbers in FIGS. 1A-1B .
  • the drive section 201 may, in embodiments, include a stepper motor assembly 205 which may be operatively engaged with an inlet guide vane assembly 225, a first stage impeller assembly 226, a first stage diffuser assembly 228, a return channel assembly 229, and a second stage diffuser assembly 232, all of which can be part of the compression section 202.
  • the stepper motor assembly 205 may include a plurality of stepper motors 205e. Each stepper motor 205e may be paired with and be operatively engaged to each of the inlet guide vane assembly 225, the first stage diffuser assembly 228, the second stage diffuser assembly 232, and the return channel assembly 229.
  • the motor section 201 may, in embodiments, include a motor 221a that can have a stator 221b and a rotor 221c.
  • a tie rod 224 may extend from within the motor 221a, through a thrust bearing disk 230, and into the compression section 202. Thereby, the motor section 201 may drive the first stage and second stage impeller assemblies 226, 227 of the compression section 202.
  • a vapor refrigerant may be compressed while flowing in a vapor refrigerant path 231 through the inlet guide vane assembly 225, then through the first stage impeller assembly 226, then through the first stage diffuser assembly 228, then through the return channel assembly 229, then through the second stage impeller assembly 227, and then through the second stage diffuser assembly 232.
  • FIGS. 3A-3B a compression section 302 and a stepper motor assembly 305, according to embodiments, are shown.
  • the compression section 302 may be similar to that described in relation to FIGS. 1A-1B and 2 . Accordingly, reference numbers in FIGS. 3A-3B correspond to like reference numbers in FIGS. 1A-1B and 2 .
  • the compression section 302 may include a compressor inlet 304 that can direct a vapor refrigerant into an inlet guide vane assembly 325. From there, vapor refrigerant may be compressed in two stages.
  • a first compression stage may include a first stage impeller assembly 326 directly downstream of the inlet guide vane assembly 325.
  • a first stage diffuser assembly 328 may be directly downstream of the first stage impeller assembly 326.
  • the first compression stage and the inlet guide vane assembly 325 may be within a housing 338.
  • the housing 338 may further enclose the stepper motor assembly 305 to provide hermetic sealing of the compression section 302 and the stepper motor assembly 305.
  • the compression section 302 may include a return channel assembly 329 (having a return channel guide vane 329a), directly downstream of the first stage diffuser assembly 328, and that may direct vapor refrigerant from the first compression stage and into the second compression stage.
  • the second compression stage may include a second stage impeller assembly 327 directly downstream of the return channel assembly 329.
  • a second stage diffuser assembly 332 may be directly downstream of the second stage impeller assembly 327.
  • the second stage compression may be within a housing 337 for hermetic sealing.
  • an inlet 306 may provide vapor refrigerant to an inlet scroll 333 that can be configured to provide additional flow to the second stage, while an outlet scroll 334 may be configured to direct vapor refrigerant out of the second compression stage, via an outlet 336.
  • the inlet and outlet scrolls 333, 334 may be within the housing 337.
  • a housing 335 may enclose a thrust disk 330.
  • the stepper motor assembly 305 may be similar to that described in relation to FIGS. 1A-1B and 2 . Accordingly, reference numbers in FIGS. 3A-3B correspond to like reference numbers in FIGS. 1A-1B and 2 .
  • the stepper motor assembly 305 may include a plurality of stepper motor subassemblies, each of which may include a stepper motor 305e that can each drive a worm shaft 305f.
  • the worm shaft 305f may rotate a worm 305d which, in turn, can rotate a worm gear 305g.
  • a respective stepper motor subassembly, and specifically a respective worm gear 305g, may be operatively engaged to the inlet guide vane assembly 325, the first stage diffuser assembly 328, the return channel assembly 329, and the second stage diffuser assembly 332 as described below.
  • FIGS. 4A-4B depict an exemplary inlet guide vane assembly 425.
  • the inlet guide vane assembly 425 may be similar to that described in relation to FIGS. 2 and 3A-3B . Accordingly, reference numbers in FIGS. 4A-4B correspond to like reference numbers in FIGS. 2 and 3A-3B .
  • the inlet guide vane assembly 425 may be configured to receive a vapor refrigerant flow 431 which can pass through a plurality of upstream, non-variable inlet support struts 425e. The refrigerant flow 431 may then move to and through a plurality or set of downstream variable inlet vanes 425a.
  • the set of inlet vanes 425a, and each individual inlet vane 425a in such set, can be characterized by an angle of orientation.
  • the angle of orientation may be measured by an angle about which each inlet vane may rotate around an axis of rotation.
  • the axis of rotation may be substantially perpendicular to a longitudinally extending sleeve 425f that may receive a tie rod, such as tie rod 224.
  • the angle of orientation may be adjusted clockwise and counterclockwise.
  • the inlet guide vane assembly 425 may include an inlet housing 425d that can enclose the inlet vanes 425a and the inlet support struts 425e.
  • a face gear 425b may extend around the entire circumference of the inlet housing 425d.
  • the face gear 425b may support one or more worm gears 405g.
  • One or more sector gears 425c may be spaced around the entire circumference of the inlet housing 425d.
  • one or more of the sector gears 425c may be operatively engaged to the face gear 425b.
  • movement of the worm gear 405g can cause a variation of the angle of rotation of the inlet vanes 425a.
  • FIGS. 5A-5B depict an exemplary first stage diffuser assembly 528.
  • the first stage diffuser assembly 528 may be similar to that described in relation to FIGS. 2 and 3A-3B . Accordingly, reference numbers in FIGS. 5A-5B correspond to like reference numbers in FIGS. 2 and 3A-3B .
  • the first stage diffuser assembly 528 may be configured to receive a vapor refrigerant flow 531, which can be, for example, from a first stage impeller assembly (not shown).
  • the first stage diffuser assembly 528 may include a plurality or set of downstream variable diffuser vanes 528a that receives the refrigerant flow 531.
  • the set of diffuser vanes 528a, and each individual diffuser vane 528a in such set, can be characterized by an angle of orientation.
  • the angle of orientation may be measured by an angle about which each diffuser vane may rotate around an axis of rotation.
  • the axis of rotation may be substantially parallel to a longitudinally extending tie rod, such as tie rod 224, which can extend through an aperture 528g. As described below, the angle of orientation may be adjusted or varied.
  • the first stage diffuser assembly 528 may further include a diffuser plate 528b that can support on one planar side thereof, via connectors 528c, the diffuser vanes 528a.
  • a unison ring 528d On an opposed planar side of the diffuser assembly 528, a unison ring 528d may be operatively engaged to one or more driver arms 528e.
  • the unison ring 528d may also be operatively engaged to one or more worm gears 505g.
  • One or more rollers 528f may rotatably support the unison ring 528d at an inner circumference thereof.
  • FIGS. 5A-5B depict an exemplary first stage diffuser assembly, it should be understood that similar components and the assembly thereof can also be used for one or both of the return channel assembly and the second stage diffuser assembly, such as that depicted in FIGS. 2 and 3A-3B .
  • FIG. 6 depicts an exemplary stepper motor assembly 605 operatively engaged to a plurality or set of variable vanes, such as those that may be included in one or more of the first stage diffuser assembly, the second stage diffuser assembly, and the return channel assembly, as described above with regard to FIGS. 2 , 3A-3B , and 5A-5B .
  • the stepper motor assembly 605 may include one or more stepper motor subassemblies 605a.
  • One or more of the stepper motor subassemblies 605a may include one or a pair of redundant stepper motors 605d connected by a worm shaft 605f there between. Accordingly, if one of the paired stepper motors 605d fails, the other of the paired motors may be used.
  • a stepper motor connector 605b may be provided at each stepper motor 605d to provide power.
  • one or more of the stepper motor subassemblies 605a may include at least one worm 605e that is operatively engaged to at least one worm gear 605g which, in turn, can be operatively engaged to the set of variable vanes (not shown).
  • the variable vanes can be supported by a plate 628b.
  • the plate 628b may support one or more driver arms 628e that can be operatively engaged, via one or more connectors 628c, to one or more of the variable vanes.
  • one or more of the driver arms 628e may be operatively engaged to a unison ring 628d.
  • One or more rollers 628f may support the ring 628d.
  • a single stepper motor 605d may rotate the worm shaft 605f.
  • the worm 605e may rotate, which can cause the worm gear 605g to rotate.
  • the rotation of the worm gear 605g causes the unison ring 628d to rotate.
  • one or more of the driver arms 628e can rotate.
  • paired stepper motors can also be employed in rotating inlet vanes of an inlet guide vane assembly, such as that depicted in FIGS. 4A-4B .
  • One of the paired stepper motors can - via a worm shaft, worm, and worm gear 405g - rotate the face gear 425b.
  • one or more sector gears 425c can rotate.
  • one or more connectors 425g which are operatively engaged to one or more inlet vanes 425a, one or more of the inlet vanes 425a can rotate about a longitudinal axis of the connector 425g.
  • stepper motor assembly upon control from the controller section, can rotate one or more of the sets of variable vanes of the inlet guide vane assembly, the first stage diffuser assembly, the return channel assembly, and the second stage diffuser assembly.
  • FIG. 7 depicts an exemplary first stage impeller assembly 726 which may contain a plurality of blades 726a enclosed in a housing 726c.
  • the blades cannot be varied in their angle of orientation.
  • FIG. 8 depicts an exemplary second stage impeller assembly 827 which may contain a plurality of blades 827a enclosed in a housing 827c.
  • a cooling inlet 827d and a cooling outlet 827e may be provided.
  • the blades cannot be varied in their angle of orientation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
EP18211795.2A 2017-12-12 2018-12-11 Dampfkreislaufverdichter mit variabler einlass-/auslassgeometrie Withdrawn EP3499043A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762597927P 2017-12-12 2017-12-12
US15/889,962 US20190178255A1 (en) 2017-12-12 2018-02-06 Vapor cycle compressor with variable inlet/outlet geometry

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3499043A1 true EP3499043A1 (de) 2019-06-19

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EP18211795.2A Withdrawn EP3499043A1 (de) 2017-12-12 2018-12-11 Dampfkreislaufverdichter mit variabler einlass-/auslassgeometrie

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US (1) US20190178255A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3499043A1 (de)
CN (1) CN109915392A (de)

Cited By (1)

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WO2023183694A1 (en) * 2022-03-24 2023-09-28 Copeland Lp Variable inlet guide vane apparatus and compressor including same

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US11156231B2 (en) 2018-03-23 2021-10-26 Honeywell International Inc. Multistage compressor having interstage refrigerant path split between first portion flowing to end of shaft and second portion following around thrust bearing disc
KR20220062293A (ko) * 2019-08-12 2022-05-16 존슨 컨트롤즈 타이코 아이피 홀딩스 엘엘피 최적화된 중간단 유동 유입구를 갖는 압축기
US11371513B2 (en) * 2020-03-04 2022-06-28 Solar Turbined Incorporated Integrated gas compressor
CN113623272A (zh) * 2021-06-30 2021-11-09 福建雪人压缩机有限公司 一种离心压缩机的内置式导叶调节机构
CN116950930A (zh) * 2022-04-18 2023-10-27 开利公司 用于离心压缩机的进口导叶机构、离心压缩机及制冷系统

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WO2011071846A2 (en) * 2009-12-07 2011-06-16 Dresser-Rand Company Compressor performance adjustment system
EP2484916A1 (de) * 2011-02-04 2012-08-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Zentrifugalkompressor mit Diffusor mit variabler Geometrie und Verfahren dafür

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023183694A1 (en) * 2022-03-24 2023-09-28 Copeland Lp Variable inlet guide vane apparatus and compressor including same

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CN109915392A (zh) 2019-06-21
US20190178255A1 (en) 2019-06-13

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