EP3495744A1 - Method for operating a heater, heating device for such a heater and control and/or control unit for such a heater - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a heating system (10) with a heater (12), one or more heat dispensers (14), such as radiators (16), underfloor heating (18) or the like, one or more assigned to the heat dispensers (14) Valves (26) and with at least one control (39) for the heat donors (14). It is proposed that the heating device (12) acts directly on at least one of the valves (26) with a control and / or regulating unit (27) assigned to the heating device (12), bypassing and / or overriding the regulation (39) for the Heat donor (14). The invention also relates to a heater (12) for a heating system (10), which is set up to carry out such a method. The invention further relates to a control and / or regulating unit (27) for such a heater (12).

Description

The invention relates to a method for operating a heating system with a heater, one or more heat generators, such as radiators, underfloor heating or the like, one or more associated with the heat sink valves and at least one control for the heat donor. The invention also relates to a heater for such a heating system and a control and / or regulating unit for such a heating system.

With the EP 2913594 A1 is a method for operating a bufferless heating system, in particular to ensure safe and proper operation, known. There it is proposed that a fluid serves as a buffer volume, wherein the control of a valve of a heat consumer, the buffer volume is controlled and / or controlled. During operation, the general control takes over the control of valves for which the control must be designed.

Advantages of the invention

The inventive method according to the main claim is characterized in that the heater with a heater associated control or control unit acts directly on at least one of the valves, bypassing and / or over-tuning of the control for the heat donor. In this way, a conventional control and / or control can be exploited. So if, for example, a new heater is used in an existing heating system, can be dispensed with the buffer without the existing scheme for the heat donor would have to be replaced. The heater is adapted to act directly on at least one of the valves so as to influence the additional buffer volume, depending on whether excess heat must be dissipated or heat in the heater is needed, for example for the regeneration of a heat pump.

Buffer volume is to be understood here as meaning an amount of heating fluid, as can be taken from buffer storage tanks existing in conventional processes. In the method according to the invention, the buffer volume is provided in that heating fluid within the various heating circuits of the heating system is specifically controlled and transported to the heating device. In this way, if the heater needs to give off excess heat, cool heating fluid can be transported to the heater. If, on the other hand, heat is required in the heater, for example for defrosting a heat pump, warm heating water is controlled in the direction of the heater at short notice.

Under heat donors, the known radiators, underfloor heating or the like understood, circulated by the heating fluid. Depending on the temperature and flow rate of the heating fluid or size of the heat dispenser, these give more or less heat in the surrounding space.

The features listed in the dependent claims advantageous refinements of the method according to the main claim are possible. Thus, when the valve or valves are designed accordingly, the control and / or regulating unit of the heater by means of a radio link act on the valve. This makes it unnecessary to lay new lines. Especially with the nowadays modern smart home equipment, it is possible to control the valves directly via radio.

A particularly simple way to act on the valves is created when the control and / or regulating unit acts in parallel with the regulation of the heat donor and overrules the regulation of the heat donor.

An easy to set and to be regulated mode of operation is achieved when the control and / or regulating unit acts serially to control the heat donor and takes over the regulation of the heat donor or overruled. It is understood by "take over" that no influence is made, but the regulation of the heat donor acts on the valves. By "overruled" is meant that the control of the heat dispensers is suppressed and imposed by the signals coming from the control and / or regulating unit signals to the valve or the valves.

If a heat requirement or a necessary heat output for the heater is determined in the method and the control and / or regulating unit acts on the regulation of the at least one valve until the heat requirement or the heat output is satisfied, an extremely precise regulation of the necessary buffer volume is achieved reached.

It is advantageous if in the method according to the invention, starting from preset control modes, the heater or the control and / or regulating unit does not affect the control of the heat donor or are influenced in the presence of a Wärmeabgabeforderung or a heat request from the heater, the heat donor or the control of the heat donor in that a heat release from the heater to the heat dispensers or a heat absorption of heat, coming from the heat dispensers, takes place.

An inventive heater for a heating system, which is adapted to perform the inventive method, is characterized in that the control and / or regulating unit has a switching device by means of which it is able to act on the valves. The heater can independently activate the necessary buffer volume in this way, bypassing the control of the heating system. In this way, it is not necessary to replace the control of the heating system when a heater is used, which relies on such buffer volume, but should be dispensed with an additional buffer memory.

In the simplest case, the switching device consists at least essentially of a relay.

The inventive method is particularly suitable when the heater itself has a heat pump.

An inventive control and / or regulating unit for a heating system with a heater and with one or more heat donors, one or more, the heat donors associated valves and at least one control for the heat donors is characterized in that at least one output for a line to is provided at least one associated valve and that means are provided which implement the requirements of the heater. Such a control and / or regulating unit can be accommodated directly in the heater. It is also possible to realize such a control and / or regulating unit as a separate, housed in a separate housing control unit. This can then be added later in an existing system. As a means may be provided in a simple embodiment, a switching device.

It is advantageous if at least one input for at least one line is provided by the regulation of the heat dispensers.

The control and / or regulating unit according to the invention is particularly easy to control when the means comprise a further input which can be connected to the heater. There then the request signals of the heater can be introduced into the control and / or regulating unit.

The flexibility of the control and / or regulating unit increases when the means comprise a switching device with which it is possible to switch between different control modes. By control modes is to be understood that the overall control of the heating system can be operated with or without such a buffer volume request.

drawing

• Figur 1 zwei Ausgestaltungen einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizungsanlage, wobei unter a) eine Heizungsanlage mit Radiatoren und unter b) eine Heizungsanlage mit Fußbodenheizungen dargestellt ist,
• Figur 2 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizanlage mit einem direkten Eingriff in die Steuerleitungen zu einem Ventil,
• Figur 3 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizanlage mit einer separaten Regeleinheit,
• Figur 4 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizanlage mit einer separaten Regeleinheit,
• Figur 5 eine Regeleinheit nach Figur 4,
• Figur 6 ein Flussdiagramm zum erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren.

In the drawing, different embodiments of the heating system according to the invention are shown and explained in more detail in the following description. It show the

• FIG. 1 two embodiments of a heating system according to the invention, wherein under a) a heating system with radiators and b) a heating system is shown with underfloor heating,
• FIG. 2 a further embodiment of a heating system according to the invention with a direct intervention in the control lines to a valve,
• FIG. 3 a further embodiment of a heating system according to the invention with a separate control unit,
• FIG. 4 a further embodiment of a heating system according to the invention with a separate control unit,
• FIG. 5 a control unit after FIG. 4 .
• FIG. 6 a flowchart for the method according to the invention.

description

In the different embodiments of the description, the same components or the same process steps are each assigned the same reference number.

In the FIG. 1 two types of heating systems 10 are shown in the two partial images a) and b), each having a heater 12. In the two partial images heat donors 14 are provided, which are formed in the partial figure a) as radiators 16. In the sub-figure b) are shown as heat source 14 underfloor heating 18. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that mixed forms can also be used, in which case, depending on the design, under certain circumstances it may be necessary to use different flow temperatures and possibly different supply systems.

From the heater 12 is in each case a flow line 20 to the heat generators 14 and comes a return line 22 from the heat generators 14. In the flow line 20, a pump 24 is used. The heat dispensers 14 are connected to the flow line 20 via a respective valve 26. The reflux is in each case connected to the return line 22.

In the heater 12, a control and / or regulating unit 27 is provided in the form of a switching device 28. This switching device 28 acts in the exemplary embodiment FIG. 1 via a radio link 30 to the valves 26 a. In the two embodiments, two of the three valves 26 to the heat source 14 are designed so that they can receive radio contact. About the then recorded radio signals and the control commands contained therein, the actual thermostatic control of the valve 26 can be overruled. For this purpose, for example, via a heating wire, a higher temperature or a Peltier element simulated a low temperature and the thermostat can be activated for the appropriate action.

Alternatively, in the embodiments of the FIG. 1 illustrated that the switching device 28 can connect via a line 32 with a valve 26 in operative connection. In the exemplary embodiment, the line 32 establishes a direct connection between the switching device 28 and an adjusting element 34 of the valve 26.

It is clear that not every valve 26 must be controllable by each heater 14 from the heater 12. It is sufficient to control valves 26 whose heat dispensers 14 can provide the necessary buffer volume. It should be noted that depending on the control state of the heating system 10 is not always each heat source 14 can provide a correspondingly tempered buffer volume.

In a simple embodiment, the switching device 28 is characterized in that it is a simple relay 36. This relay 36, in the case of direct coupling via the line 32, the adjusting element 34 directly energized and thus open or the adjustment 34 to ground and thus close.

Next is in the FIG. 1 recognizable that the heater has a heat pump 38. This is not absolutely necessary, but especially for such heaters, the invention is particularly well.

The two variants of FIG. 1 are simple embodiments in which the control and / or regulating unit 27 is a in FIG. 1 not shown control for the heat dispenser 14 overruled.

In FIG. 2 a heating system 10 is shown, in which the heater 12 is also connected via a feed line 20 and valves 26 to the heat generators 14 and further connected via a return line 22 back. There is also provided a control 39 for the heat dispensers 14 in the form of control thermostats 40, which are connected via lines 42 to a control device 44. The control unit 44 has switches 46, via which a control of the adjusting elements 34 of the valves 26 takes place via control lines 48.

In the exemplary embodiment, the regulation for the heat dispenser 14 is designed as a 2-point control. This means that the valves 26 know only the two positions "closed" and "open". For underfloor heating 18 such regulation due to the inertia of the underfloor heating 18 is sufficient. However, the invention can also be used in regulations in which the valves can take between positions.

The heater 12 is connected via lines 50 directly to at least one of the control lines 48. Via this connection, it is possible for the heater 12 to directly influence the adjusting element 34 of the valve 26. For example, there may be an additional signal to open the valve 26.

In order to detect whether and, if appropriate, in what quantity a volume flow passes through the feed line 20 and the return line 22 to the heat dispensers 14, a volume flow sensor 52 is introduced into the feed line 20. In the exemplary embodiment, the volume flow sensor 52 is able to indicate the flow rate per unit time. After all, it is also possible to use a volumetric flow sensor which merely indicates whether a certain minimum quantity flows through.

In the embodiments of the FIGS. 1 and 2 the control and / or regulating unit 27 acts in parallel with the control unit 39 of the heat dispensers 14 and can thus overrule the regulation 39 of the heat dispensers 14 by opening the valve 26.

In a variant of the heating system 10 after FIG. 2 is in FIG. 3 the control and / or regulating unit 27 is arranged outside the heater 12. It is connected between the control unit 44 and the adjusting elements 34 of the valves 26. For this purpose, the control lines 48 are separated for these adjusting elements 34 and connected to inputs 54 and outputs 56 of the control and / or regulating unit 27. In the control and / or regulating unit 27, the switching devices 28 are housed. The heater 12 acts on the control and / or regulating unit 27 via a control line 58 and can thus directly influence the switching devices 28.

The buffer volume required by the heater 12 can thus be triggered via the control line 58. The control and / or regulating unit 27 assumes the function of the control 39 by activating the switching devices 28 accordingly. In this constellation, the control and / or regulating unit 27 acts in series with the control unit 39 for the heat dispensers 14.

The control and / or regulating unit 27 according to this embodiment is designed so that when modernizing a heating system 10, in which a heater 12 is to be used with a heat pump 38, can be dispensed with a buffer memory. In the existing scheme, only individual control lines 48 are to be disconnected and connected to the inputs 54 and the outputs 56 of the control and / or regulating unit. Furthermore, the control and / or regulating unit 27 is connected to the heater 12, so that the needs of the heater 12 can be considered.

An integration of the control and / or regulating unit 27 with the control unit 44 is in FIG. 4 shown. In a housing 60, the two units 27 and 44 are housed. The lines 42 of the control 39 are interrupted and connected to the inputs 54 and the outputs 56, respectively. On the housing 60 and the control line 58 is connected, which connects the heater 12 with the control unit 27. Also, the volume flow sensor 52 is connected via further lines 62 to the housing 60 and thus connected to the control or regulating unit 27.

In FIG. 4 It can also be seen that there are also lines 42 which are not interrupted but are connected directly to the adjusting element 34 of the valves 26. It is therefore clear that mixed forms can always be configured. Especially in older heating systems 10, which have partially decentralized lines 42, this is a considerable advantage. In FIG. 5 an embodiment of such a control and / or regulating unit 27 is shown in a housing 60. In this control and / or regulating unit 27, means 63 are integrated in the form of a computer unit 64, which correspond to the inputs 54 and the outputs 56 and can also be connected to a connection for the control lines 58 from the heater 12. It is not shown that the further lines 62 from the volume flow sensor 52 can also be connected to the means 63 or the computing unit 64. In the computer unit 64, the requirements of the heater 12 are then implemented.

On the housing 60 further outputs 66 are provided, via which a direct connection between the inputs 64 and outputs 66 can be made. In this way, the control and / or regulating unit 27 can also be used for a conventional control and represents an option for the inventive bufferless control.

• 0 keine Beeinflussung
• 1 Überstimmen eines Heizkreises (parallel)
• 2 Überstimmen zweier Heizkreise (parallel)
• 3 Übernehmen der Regelung eines Heizkreises (seriell)
• 4 Übernehmen der Regelung zweier Heizkreise (seriell)

The control and / or regulating unit 27 according to FIG. 5 has within the means 63, a switching device 68, with which can be switched between different control modes. Different control modes could be for example:

• 0 no influence
• 1 override of a heating circuit (parallel)
• 2 override of two heating circuits (parallel)
• 3 Apply control of a heating circuit (serial)
• 4 Apply control of two heating circuits (serial)

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5 the heater 12 is a request to the control and / or regulating unit 27, which then calculates which heat source 14 must be controlled as. For this purpose, the position of the switching device 68 accordingly.

Hereinafter, an inventive, in FIG. 6 illustrated method for a heating system 10 in an embodiment according to the embodiment according to the FIG. 5 described. While in one embodiment, after FIG. 1 the inventive method is performed directly in the heater 12, it runs in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 on the arithmetic unit 64.

After a start 80 which is adapted to the usual control method, in a following step 82 a regular inquiry is made whether there is a signal from the heater 12, according to which a necessary heat request or necessary heat release can occur. If a corresponding trigger signal is present, a check is made in a next step 84, which control mode is set. This control mode is preset and leads to a corresponding path in the procedure.

In accordance with the selected control mode is followed in a further step 86, a check of the status of the heating system 10. It is queried whether it makes sense at all and permissible to make an influence on the previous regulation. If, for example, all the valves 26 are closed, a start of the heater 12 is prevented. This can be interrogated by the control and / or regulating unit 27 on the basis of the settings in the switching device 28 and in the control unit 44. Also, the signal of the volume flow sensor 52 is evaluated. If the volume flow sensor 52 indicates a flow rate, at least one valve must be open. If no valve is opened, one or more valves 26 must first be open. Such a default is then made in step 88.

In a further step 90 it is then determined how the request of the heater 12 can best be accommodated.

This can be, for example, in which the control and / or regulating unit 27 acts directly on at least one of the valves 26, bypassing the regulation for the heat dispensers 14. In this case, a valve 26 is opened by a parallel energizing of the adjusting elements 34, such as in the FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown.

It is also possible that the control and / or regulating unit 27 acts serially to control the heat dispenser 14 and the control of the heat source 14 takes over, as in the embodiments of the Figures 3 and 4 is shown.

In this method step 90 takes place, depending on the set control mode, a calculation of the action to be taken. In this case, a heat demand or a necessary heat output for the heater 12 is determined. In this case flows in, whether one or more valves 26 are influenced and which buffer volume with which amount of heat results. It also flows in, whether a certain minimum water volume flow or a certain minimum run time is necessary and of course, whether heat is to be delivered or the heater 12 or the heat pump 38 requires a certain amount of heat to prevent freezing of the heat pump 38 associated capacitor.

In method step 92, the previously determined measures are then carried out. This can be done by means of a pure control with control commands to the adjusting elements 34 of the valves 26 (energizing). In this case, for example, only a previously calculated minimum duration of the measure is monitored and the measure is set thereafter. It may also be a control with feedback, in which the achievement of a certain predetermined switching threshold is fed back to the controller and another control command is issued. In this case, it is then monitored, for example, whether certain temperature thresholds are reached, which then leads to a termination of the measure. Mixed forms are also possible if, for example, minimum running times are monitored and reached, but a defrosting operation has not yet led to the necessary temperature thresholds and therefore the measure used is still maintained.

And of course, it is also conceivable to provide a control in correspondingly complex heating systems 10, in which the control signals output by the control and / or regulating unit 27 or their effect are monitored and deviations regularly flow into an adaptation of the control signals.

If all measures have been successfully completed, the method returns again and begins with step 82 with the regular request for further signal of the heater 12.

Claims (12)

Method for operating a heating system (10) with a heater (12), one or more heat generators (14), such as radiators (16), floor heating systems (18) or the like, one or more valves (26) associated with the heat generators (14) and at least one control (39) for the heat dispensers (14),
characterized in that
the heater (12) having a control and / or regulating unit (27) associated with the heater (12) acts directly on at least one of the valves (26) bypassing and / or over-regulating the control (39) for the heat dispensers (14). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control and / or regulating unit (27) acts parallel to the control (39) of the heat dispenser (14) and overrules the control (39) of the heat dispenser (14). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control and / or regulating unit (27) acts in series with the regulation (39) of the heat dispensers (14) and adopts or overrules the regulation (39) of the heat dispensers (14). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a heat demand or a necessary heat output for the heater (12) is determined and the control and / or regulating unit (27) as long as the control (39) of at least one valve (26) acts until the heat demand or the heat release is satisfied. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, starting from preset control modes, the heating device (12) or the control and / or regulating unit does not influence the control (39) of the heat dispensers (14) or if there is a heat dissipation requirement or a heat request from the Heater (12) the heat donor (14) or the control (39) of the heat dispensers (14) are influenced so that a heat output from the heater (12) to the heat generators (14) or a heat absorption of heat, coming from the heat generators (14 ), takes place. Heater for a heating system (10) adapted to perform a method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control and / or regulating unit (27) comprises a switching device (28) by means of which it acts on the valves (26). Heater according to claim 6, characterized in that the switching device (28) is essentially a relay (36). Heater according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the heater (12) comprises a heat pump (38). A heating device (12) for a heating system (10) adapted to perform a method according to any one of the preceding claims) with at least one heater (12) and with one or more heat generators (14), such as radiators (16), underfloor heating (18) or the like one or more valves (26) associated with the heat dispensers (14) and at least one controller (39) for the heat dispensers (14), the control and / or regulating unit (27) being adapted to perform a method according to any one of To carry out claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that
at least one output for a line (32, 50, 58) to at least one associated valve (26) is provided and that means (63), in particular a switching device (28), are provided which implement a request of the heater (12). Control and / or regulating unit (27) according to claim 9, characterized by an input (56) for at least one line (42) of the control (39) of the heat dispenser (14). Control and / or regulating unit (27) according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the means comprise a further input, which is connectable to the heater (12). Control and / or regulating unit (27) according to one of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the means comprise a switching device (28) with which it is possible to switch between different control modes.

Images