EP3493195A1 - Procédé et programme informatique permettant d'évaluer la couleur de sortie d'un afficheur - Google Patents

Procédé et programme informatique permettant d'évaluer la couleur de sortie d'un afficheur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3493195A1
EP3493195A1 EP17204530.4A EP17204530A EP3493195A1 EP 3493195 A1 EP3493195 A1 EP 3493195A1 EP 17204530 A EP17204530 A EP 17204530A EP 3493195 A1 EP3493195 A1 EP 3493195A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
colours
display device
measure
displayed
colour
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP17204530.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Kivanç KARSLI
Anil ÍKIZLER
Alp GÜÇBILMEZ
Hasan ALIMLI
Fevzi SÜMER
Mehmet Emre PARLAKER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vestel Elektronik Sanayi ve Ticaret AS
Original Assignee
Vestel Elektronik Sanayi ve Ticaret AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Priority to EP17204530.4A priority Critical patent/EP3493195A1/fr
Priority to TR2017/21942A priority patent/TR201721942A2/tr
Publication of EP3493195A1 publication Critical patent/EP3493195A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0271—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping
    • G09G2320/0276—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping for the purpose of adaptation to the characteristics of a display device, i.e. gamma correction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0666—Adjustment of display parameters for control of colour parameters, e.g. colour temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0693—Calibration of display systems

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a method and a computer program for evaluating the colour output of a display device.
  • a person e.g. an engineer or technician
  • the person manually adjusts the picture/image design and calibration for the display device "by eye”. That is, the person manually adjusts the display settings until the image displayed meets some requirements.
  • the person compares the output of the display device with the output provided by a "golden sample” of the display device and adjusts the settings of the display device in an attempt to make the visual output of the display device match that of the golden sample.
  • a "golden sample” in this context is a display device that has been carefully set so that the output meets some specified characteristics, in particular optical and video / picture specifications.) This is however a laborious process and is very subjective, as it relies on a subjective comparison and subjective judgements being made by the person.
  • a particular display device may use different components from other display devices even though they are ostensibly the same type or model of display device. Also, owing to manufacturing variances, the same components may vary in their output or response to inputs. Accordingly, in principle at least, each display device that is manufactured has to be set up manually, which is very time-consuming and again currently relies on subjective judgements being made by the person.
  • a method of evaluating the colour output of a display device comprising:
  • this enables the colour output of the display device to be evaluated in an objective and consistent and reproducible manner, and does not rely on a human attempting to evaluate the colour output "manually" (i.e. "by eye”).
  • This in turn enables the display settings of the display device to be adjusted, for example during manufacture as part of a set-up step, to achieve a desired or optimum output in an objective and consistent and reproducible manner.
  • Variations in components such as in some cases different LED bar type, LED phosphors and LCD cells
  • other variations giving rise to an optical spectral change can be compensated quantitatively and objectively for skin tone visual adjustment.
  • the display device may be for example a display device as used in or with many different types of consumer apparatus, including for example television screens or monitors, computer displays or monitors, and displays for other computing devices, etc.
  • the display device may be a display device as used in public environments in so-called "signage", for example, for displaying adverts or for information or entertainment that is of interest to a larger audience, including for outdoor use as well as indoor use.
  • the colours in the palette of colours are skin tone colours.
  • the measure of the colours displayed by the display device and the reference display device include one or more of (i) a measure of a spectrum for one or more colour filters of the display device, (ii) a measure of the gamma of display cells of the display device, and (iii) a measure of spectrum for a backlight unit of the display device.
  • the method comprises adjusting one or more parameters of the display device based on the results of the comparison of the measure of the colours displayed by the display device with the corresponding measure of colours displayed by a reference display device.
  • the method comprises displaying the results of the comparison of the measure of the colours displayed by the display device with the corresponding measure of colours displayed by a reference display device for viewing by a viewer.
  • a computer program comprising instructions such that when the computer program is executed on a computing device, the computing device is arranged to:
  • the colour output of a display device is evaluated by causing the display device to display colours corresponding to colours in a palette of colours.
  • a measure of the colours displayed by the display device is obtained using an image colour measuring device.
  • the measure of the colours displayed by the display device is compared with a corresponding measure of colours displayed by a reference display device corresponding to the same colours in the same palette of colours.
  • this enables the colour output of the display device to be evaluated in an objective and consistent and reproducible manner, and does not rely on a human attempting to evaluate the colour output "manually" (i.e. "by eye”).
  • This in turn enables the display settings of the display device to be adjusted, for example during manufacture as part of a set-up step, to achieve a desired or optimum output in an objective and consistent and reproducible manner.
  • Variations in components such as in some cases different LED bar type, LED phosphors and LCD cells
  • other variations giving rise to an optical spectral change can be compensated quantitatively and objectively for skin tone visual adjustment.
  • the display device may be for example a display screen or display panel, which may be a display screen or panel for a computer, a television set, for "signage” etc.
  • the colours in the palette of colours may be skin tone colours. It is very important to display skin tone colours correctly as incorrect skin colours are typically very noticeable to viewers. Nevertheless, in some examples, the colours in the palette of colours may be other than skin tone colours, such as magenta, cyan, etc.
  • one objective is to eliminate subjective picture quality adjustments, particularly in relation to skin tone colours, that can otherwise arise during human evaluation and different optical characters of different display devices.
  • the examples can be used for any display device.
  • display devices such as LCD (liquid crystal display) devices, that have backlights which illuminate the individual (liquid crystal) cells which in turn are controlled to pass or block light according to whether or not the corresponding pixel of the image is to be displayed.
  • backlights may use LEDs (light emitting diodes) as the light sources, though backlights may alternatively use cold cathode fluorescent lamps or other light sources. Examples described herein may also be applied to other types of display devices, including display devices in which the controllable cells generate the light themselves, such as in OLED (organic light-emitting diode) display devices.
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • colour spaces including for example CIE (International Commission on Illumination) colour spaces, RGB colour spaces (e.g. BT.2020 (ITU-R Recommendation BT.2020, also known as Rec. 2020) and BT.709 (ITU-R Recommendation BT.709, also known as Rec. 709)), cylindrical transformations (e.g. HSV, HSL, etc.), HDR (high dynamic range) colour spaces, etc. (In simple terms, HDR expands the range of both contrast and colour significantly.
  • CIE International Commission on Illumination
  • RGB colour spaces e.g. 2020 (ITU-R Recommendation BT.2020, also known as Rec. 2020) and BT.709 (ITU-R Recommendation BT.709, also known as Rec. 709)
  • cylindrical transformations e.g. HSV, HSL, etc.
  • HDR high dynamic range
  • HDR may use for example a greater number of bits to specify the brightness of a pixel. Bright parts of the image can be made much brighter, so the image seems to have more "depth”. Colours can be expanded to show brighter reds, blues and greens (and all other colours).
  • HDR processing may use a so-called electro-optical transfer function (EOTF) to specify the brightness of a pixel that is displayed.
  • EOTF electro-optical transfer function
  • HDR processing may use wide colour gamut (WCG) to make colours more vivid, again using for example a greater number of bits to specify the colour of a pixel.)
  • WCG wide colour gamut
  • the colour space that is used at any particular stage may be selected based on for example convenience and/or practical considerations as well as on for example processing efficiency. For example, much video processing software is most suited for, and indeed is written for, use with HSV values. As another example, certain measuring equipment may output RGB values by default.
  • FIG. 1 in overview a specific example can be regarded as comprising three main stages: creation of skin tone palette 10, an optical characterisation process 20 and an evaluation process 30.
  • the skin tone palette effectively forms a set of reference skin tone colours which are used in the subsequent stages.
  • one or more reference display devices are fed the reference skin tone colours of the colour palette and the performance of the or each reference display device is measured (using for example a colorimeter or spectroradiometer or the like).
  • a "standard" specification is then produced from a scoring of how closely the display device(s) reproduce(s) the skin tone colours.
  • the skin tone palette is fed to a display device that is to be set up or calibrated.
  • the results output by the display device are compared with the standard specification and scored.
  • the settings on the display device may then be adjusted (manually or automatically) as necessary to achieve an output that is closer to the standard specification.
  • a number of skin tone colours to be used in the palette are selected 12. This will typically be a manual process, with the colours being selected "by eye".
  • One option for this is for a person to select a number of skin tone colours that are being displayed by a "golden sample” of a display device to be used in the palette.
  • a better option, which is likely to produce better results, is for the skin tone colours to be used in the palette to be selected by studying a (large) number of images of people and selecting the main skin tone colours from those. The images should ideally represent a wide range of peoples and skin tone colours.
  • VA vertical alignment
  • IPS in plane switching
  • Figure 5 this shows in the upper part two images, one showing a pair of hands and one showing a face.
  • a number of skin tone colours are selected from these images (and ideally a number of other images, as mentioned) to give a range of typical representative skin tone colours.
  • Those specific selected skin tone colours make up the palette of skin tone colours which is used in subsequent stages and which is illustrated schematically in the lower part of Figure 5 .
  • twenty-four (24) skin tone colours have been selected.
  • the images in Figure 5 may be presented in the attached drawings in black and white, it being understood that the actual images are in colour.
  • colour values for those individual selected skin tone colours are obtained 14.
  • the colour values may be for example the RGB (red, green, blue) colour values for each of the individual selected skin tone colours.
  • the (RGB) colour values may be obtained using for example a colorimeter or spectroradiometer or the like viewing actual representations of the skin tone colours.
  • the colour values for each of the individual skin tone colours selected for the colour palette are then stored 16 for later use.
  • the colour values that are stored may be HSV values as in general it is more straightforward to process and use HSV values than RGB values in the subsequent steps.
  • HSV hue, saturation, value
  • RGB colour values are obtained at 14, these may be converted to HSV values which are stored at 16. If on the other hand the colour values obtained at 14 are HSV values, then these values may be stored directly at 16. Other colour models, with different values, may be obtained at 14 and other colour models, with different values, may be stored at 16.
  • one or more reference display devices are fed the colour palette. That is, one or more reference display devices are caused to display the skin tone colours in the palette.
  • the one or more reference display devices are display devices that have already been set up and calibrated manually, by eye, to produce a desired or optimum output.
  • a main purpose of the optical characterisation process 20 is to obtain a "standard" specification from a scoring of how closely the reference display device(s) reproduce(s) the skin tone colours of the palette. If only a single reference display device is used, the results form the specification. If plural reference display devices are used, the results may be processed to obtain an average or mean of the results to form the specification.
  • the or each reference display device is a display device, such as an LCD (liquid crystal display) device, that has a backlight which illuminates the individual (liquid crystal) cells which in turn are controlled to pass or block light according to whether or not the corresponding pixel of the image is to be displayed.
  • the cells may be for example TFT (thin film transistor) cells.
  • the backlight of this example uses LEDs as the light sources, and is sometimes referred to as an LED bar or the like.
  • the colour filter spectrum and the gamma for the TFT or other cells of the or each reference display device are measured when the display device is displaying the colours in the skin tone palette.
  • the backlight unit spectrum of the or each reference display device is measured when the display device is displaying the colours in the skin tone palette.
  • different backlight units such as LED bars
  • the radiance response of the backlight unit for different wavelengths over the visible light range may differ for the different backlight units.
  • the radiance (the amount of light emitted) for two LED bars over the range of visible light wavelengths is shown in Figure 6 .
  • the light is generated initially by blue LEDs, i.e. blue light is generated resulting in a large peak in the blue region of the spectrum as shown.
  • the blue light passes through a phosphor which then typically outputs green and red light (i.e. yellow light) as seen in the mid and long wavelengths in Figure 6 .
  • the peak of the blue light and the FWHM (full width at half maximum) of the peak may be different, as illustrated in Figure 6 .
  • different phosphors lead to different responses at the longer wavelengths.
  • KSF e.g. K 2 SiF 6 :Mn4+
  • the measurements may be taken with no TFT or LCD cells present.
  • an LCD cell such as a TFT LCD cell
  • an LCD cell is typically illuminated with white light and so is formed of three sub-cells or subpixels, which selectively transmit red, green or blue light respectively and thus act as colour filters.
  • the individual subpixels are controlled according to the colour of the corresponding pixel of the image that is to be displayed.
  • the red, green and blue subpixels within a cell have different transmission characteristics, clearly.
  • the red, green and blue subpixels of different LCD cells may also respectively have different transmission characteristics (i.e. the red subpixels have different transmission characteristics from one another, etc.). This can be seen clearly in Figure 8 . This may because the LCD cells and their subpixels are of a different type and/or because of variations that arise naturally during manufacture of the cells.
  • the measurements may be taken using standard reference images, which may for example simply be full white, full red, full green and full blue images.
  • the gamma defines the relationship between a pixel's numerical value (the "input") and its actual luminance (the “output”).
  • V out AV in gamma
  • V out is the output luminance value
  • V in is the input/actual luminance value
  • A is some constant.
  • the gamma or gamma response in general again varies between different display devices, using different components.
  • the measurements at steps 22 and 24 and discussed above provide radiometric (spectral) data which may be for example RGB values (i.e. the amount of red light, green light and blue light).
  • the radiometric values that are obtained are converted to photometric values (such as for example HSV values) for ease of use later (as will be discussed further below).
  • the RGB values may instead be converted to other values for other colour models, including for example HSL (hue, saturation, lightness).
  • HSV values for the reference display(s) are then stored at 28.
  • the result is a set of reference colour values (in this example HSV values) for each of the skin tone colours in the palette created at 10 and discussed more fully with reference to Figure 2 as displayed by the reference display device(s).
  • reference colour values in this example HSV values
  • the skin tone colour palette can now be used in the evaluation process 30 for evaluating the display device under test, which may then be calibrated and set up as desired.
  • the colour filter spectrum and the gamma for the TFT or other cells of the display device and the backlight unit spectrum of the display device are measured when the display device is displaying the colours in the skin tone palette.
  • the measurements may be made using for example a colorimeter or spectroradiometer or the like.
  • the measurements at steps 32 again typically result in RGB values (i.e. the amount of red light, green light and blue light).
  • RGB values i.e. the amount of red light, green light and blue light.
  • the RGB values that are obtained are converted to HSV values at 34.
  • the HSV values for the display device being calibrated are compared with the reference HSV values obtained above.
  • the results of the comparison may be presented as scores depending on for example how similar the respective values are to each other. (An example of this will be discussed with reference to Figure 10 .)
  • This enables the display being calibrated to be evaluated and the colour, brightness, contrast, etc. settings to be adjusted as necessary at 38 so that the displayed skin tone colours are closer to the skin tone colours of the reference display(s).
  • the evaluation process 30 may be repeated for the display device with the new settings.
  • Figure 9 shows a table of xyY values for various test colours which in an example are input to a display device that is being evaluated and calibrated.
  • the xyY values are values of the known CIE xyY colour space, which are obtainable from the known CIE 1931 XYZ colour space.
  • An equivalent colour space which may be used is the CIE 1976 (L*, u*, v*) colour space. Other colour spaces may be used.
  • the display device is fed first with white, red, green and blue patterns respectively.
  • the colour filter spectrum and the gamma for the TFT or other cells of the display device and the backlight unit spectrum of the display device is measured.
  • the measurements may be made using for example a colorimeter or spectroradiometer or the like.
  • the display device is fed with the colours from the skin tone palette.
  • the xyY values for the 24 test skin tone colours are indicated.
  • the measurements of the colour filter spectrum and the gamma for the TFT or other cells of the display device and the backlight unit spectrum of the display device are made, using for example a colorimeter or spectroradiometer or the like, as discussed above with reference to step 32 of Figure 4 .
  • the measured (RGB) values are converted to HSV values, as discussed above with reference to step 34 of Figure 4 .
  • the sets of HSV values for the reference display device(s) and the display device being calibrated are compared, as discussed above with reference to step 36 of Figure 4 .
  • Figure 10 shows a table of examples of HSV values for the 24 skin tone colours which are input to the display device and the results of the comparison with the reference HSV values.
  • the results of the comparison are displayed in a simple form, here as scores or percentage points for each of the skin tone colours of the palette that is used.
  • a score may be calculated by calculating the difference between the measured HSV values and the reference HSV values and dividing by the reference HSV values.
  • a threshold may be set such that a match of say 75% or more is sufficient for the display device to be regarded as displaying the relevant skin tone colour correctly.
  • a threshold which may be the same (e.g. 75% in this example) or different (e.g. 85% in an example), is also set for an average of the thresholds for the 24 skin tone colours for the display device to be regarded as displaying all of the relevant skin tone colours correctly.
  • the colours used in the skin tone colour palette may be varied for different tests of different display devices. This may be useful for different geographical markets, particularly where for example the display device is part of a television set, as skin colours (at least on average) may be different in different geographical markets. This may also be useful as trends and fashions change, or to accommodate new technology for new components that are used in display devices.
  • processor or processing system or circuitry referred to herein may in practice be provided by a single chip or integrated circuit or plural chips or integrated circuits, optionally provided as a chipset, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), digital signal processor (DSP), graphics processing units (GPUs), etc.
  • the chip or chips may comprise circuitry (as well as possibly firmware) for embodying at least one or more of a data processor or processors, a digital signal processor or processors, baseband circuitry and radio frequency circuitry, which are configurable so as to operate in accordance with the exemplary embodiments.
  • the exemplary embodiments may be implemented at least in part by computer software stored in (non-transitory) memory and executable by the processor, or by hardware, or by a combination of tangibly stored software and hardware (and tangibly stored firmware).
  • the invention also extends to computer programs, particularly computer programs on or in a carrier, adapted for putting the invention into practice.
  • the program may be in the form of non-transitory source code, object code, a code intermediate source and object code such as in partially compiled form, or in any other non-transitory form suitable for use in the implementation of processes according to the invention.
  • the carrier may be any entity or device capable of carrying the program.
  • the carrier may comprise a storage medium, such as a solid-state drive (SSD) or other semiconductor-based RAM; a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a semiconductor ROM; a magnetic recording medium, for example a floppy disk or hard disk; optical memory devices in general; etc.
  • SSD solid-state drive
  • ROM read-only memory
  • magnetic recording medium for example a floppy disk or hard disk
  • optical memory devices in general etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
EP17204530.4A 2017-11-29 2017-11-29 Procédé et programme informatique permettant d'évaluer la couleur de sortie d'un afficheur Ceased EP3493195A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17204530.4A EP3493195A1 (fr) 2017-11-29 2017-11-29 Procédé et programme informatique permettant d'évaluer la couleur de sortie d'un afficheur
TR2017/21942A TR201721942A2 (tr) 2017-11-29 2017-12-26 Bi̇r görüntüleme ci̇hazinin renk çikişinin değerlendi̇ri̇lmesi̇ne yöneli̇k yöntem ve bi̇lgi̇sayar programi

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112667187A (zh) * 2020-12-23 2021-04-16 深圳市尊正数字视频有限公司 一种监视器的调色方法、系统、智能终端及存储介质

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060279563A1 (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-14 Yu-Chuan Shen Method for calibrating flat panel display
US20100134529A1 (en) * 2007-06-29 2010-06-03 Ingo Tobias Doser System and method for matching colors on displays with different modulation transfer functions
US20130050504A1 (en) * 2011-08-29 2013-02-28 Qualcomm Incorporated Fast calibration of displays using spectral-based colorimetrically calibrated multicolor camera

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060279563A1 (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-14 Yu-Chuan Shen Method for calibrating flat panel display
US20100134529A1 (en) * 2007-06-29 2010-06-03 Ingo Tobias Doser System and method for matching colors on displays with different modulation transfer functions
US20130050504A1 (en) * 2011-08-29 2013-02-28 Qualcomm Incorporated Fast calibration of displays using spectral-based colorimetrically calibrated multicolor camera

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112667187A (zh) * 2020-12-23 2021-04-16 深圳市尊正数字视频有限公司 一种监视器的调色方法、系统、智能终端及存储介质

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