EP3489921B1 - Procédé et dispositif destinés à aligner un détecteur de fumée - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif destinés à aligner un détecteur de fumée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3489921B1
EP3489921B1 EP17203453.0A EP17203453A EP3489921B1 EP 3489921 B1 EP3489921 B1 EP 3489921B1 EP 17203453 A EP17203453 A EP 17203453A EP 3489921 B1 EP3489921 B1 EP 3489921B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
detector
reference detector
channel
scattered light
smoke detector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17203453.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3489921A1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Kuhn-Matysiak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schweiz AG
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Siemens Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Schweiz AG filed Critical Siemens Schweiz AG
Priority to EP17203453.0A priority Critical patent/EP3489921B1/fr
Priority to US16/191,842 priority patent/US10593193B2/en
Priority to CN201811407184.8A priority patent/CN109841046B/zh
Publication of EP3489921A1 publication Critical patent/EP3489921A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3489921B1 publication Critical patent/EP3489921B1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
    • G08B29/24—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components
    • G08B29/26—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components by updating and storing reference thresholds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the adjustment of a smoke detector or at least one smoke detector (adjustment method) and a device operating according to the method for the adjustment of a smoke detector or at least one smoke detector (adjustment device).
  • Smoke detectors are often made up of inexpensive components such as LEDs, some of which have considerable differences in their characteristic properties (component scatter). Nevertheless, all smoke detectors should have the same sensitivity as possible. This is not only relevant for use in the field, but is also required by the approval bodies within certain limits.
  • a smoke detector can be adjusted, for example, by immersing a scattering or reflecting object in the scattered light area, for example by designing the immersing object as a scattering body, as is shown in FIG EP 0 658 264 B1 is described.
  • a common method for calibrating smoke detectors is calibrating in a so-called smoke duct, in which, with a view to the throughput required for mass production, a large number of smoke detectors are usually mounted on a carrier plate and tested together in the smoke duct.
  • the problem arises here that, due to turbulence and inhomogeneities in the distribution of the test aerosol flowing through the smoke channel, not all smoke detectors are exposed to the same aerosol conditions and thus errors occur.
  • a comparison in a smoke channel is also difficult to integrate into series production, especially due to the space requirements of previously common smoke channels.
  • a scattered light sensor (Smoke Scatter Sensor) is attached to a smoke duct next to the obscuration sensor that is already included.
  • a channel connects to the sensor chamber and contains one or more smoke detectors.
  • the smoke duct thus acts as a kind of aerosol source for the volume flow passed through the duct.
  • the document CN102654934 describes the arrangement of a reference smoke detector in a smoke duct so that its scattered light plane is arranged in the duct transverse to the direction of flow.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a simple and efficient method for adjusting a smoke detector and a corresponding device.
  • the method provides for the following: The at least one smoke detector to be calibrated is placed in a channel charged with a flowing aerosol. In the duct, together with the at least one smoke detector to be calibrated, there is at least one already calibrated, in particular identical smoke detector functioning as a reference detector. The at least one smoke detector is automatically compared by comparing it with data available from the reference detector.
  • the or each reference detector is arranged in the channel in a manner which ensures that the reference detector is transverse (vertical or at least essentially perpendicular) to a scattered light plane of the Reference detector is flowed through by the aerosol flowing through the channel.
  • the scattered light level of the reference detector is based on the sensors included in the reference detector.
  • the sensor system includes at least one receiver and at least one transmitter for scattered light (scattered light receiver, scattered light transmitter). The sensor system defines the scattered light level and is therefore located in the scattered light level.
  • the flow through the or each reference detector transversely to the scattered light plane allows a flow in which the aerosol flow does not come into contact with the sensor system, or at least essentially does not.
  • Such a device for automatic adjustment (adjustment device) of at least one smoke detector comprises a channel which can be acted upon by a flowing aerosol.
  • the at least one smoke detector to be calibrated can be placed in the channel together with at least one already calibrated smoke detector functioning as a reference detector, in particular with at least one calibrated smoke detector of the same type.
  • a scattered light arrangement of a smoke detector or for a smoke detector is also considered as a reference detector, namely a scattered light arrangement with at least one scattered light receiver and at least one scattered light transmitter and with the same scattering angles as the at least one smoke detector to be adjusted.
  • the at least one smoke detector to be adjusted and the at least one reference detector are placed in the duct.
  • the at least one smoke detector is automatically adjusted in that data obtainable from the reference detector by means of the device can be transmitted to the at least one smoke detector to be adjusted for its adjustment.
  • the device also provides that the or each reference detector is arranged in the channel in a manner which ensures that the reference detector is transverse (perpendicular or at least substantially perpendicular) to one Scattered light level of the reference detector is flowed through by the aerosol flowing through the channel.
  • the adjustment method can also be developed by means of one or more method features which relate to method steps carried out by the adjustment device, and the adjustment device can also be developed by means of executing method steps carried out in the context of the adjustment method. Consequently, features and details, which are described in connection with the mentioned comparison method and any configurations, naturally also apply in connection with and with regard to the comparison device intended for carrying out the comparison method and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention is always mutually referenced.
  • the advantage of the invention is that by attaching the or each reference detector with a scattered light plane transverse to the direction of flow of the aerosol flowing through the channel, it can be ensured that the aerosol does not come into contact or at least essentially does not come into contact with the sensor system of the reference detector. If the aerosol does not come into contact with the sensor system of the reference detector, or at least to a significantly lesser extent compared to a flow with an aerosol flow parallel to the scattered light level, contamination of the sensor system is avoided or at least the degree of contamination is significantly reduced over time. Due to the lack of or at least reduced contamination, a reference detector arranged in this way can be used to adjust the at least one smoke detector to be adjusted significantly longer than would be the case if an aerosol flow through it parallel to the scattered light level. Prolonged use of the at least one reference detector avoids the additional handling steps that are otherwise necessary when carrying out the method (replacing a dirty reference detector and replacing it with a new or cleaned reference detector) and accordingly facilitates the operation of the adjustment device.
  • the or each reference detector in the channel is flowed through by the aerosol flowing through the channel transversely to the scattered light plane of the reference detector, in that the respective reference detector without a housing surrounding the sensor system of the reference detector the channel is placed.
  • Removing the housing or using smoke detectors as reference detectors, which have never been used in a housing, is a particularly simple measure to ensure that they can be flowed through transversely to the scattered light level.
  • the or each reference detector (in particular without a housing surrounding the sensor system of the reference detector) is or is placed in a reference detector housing belonging to the channel.
  • a reference detector housing ensures that the reference detector is held securely in an orientation in which it is flowed through transversely to its scattered light plane.
  • the internal volume of the reference detector housing is preferably matched to the space requirement of the reference detector, so that turbulences in the aerosol stream that are otherwise to be obtained due to unnecessarily large volumes are avoided.
  • In the interior of the reference detector housing in particular in the inner surface of the reference detector housing, there are optional holders for fixing the reference detector in the orientation mentioned.
  • an orientation of the or each scatter light transmitter of the or each reference detector to obtain the same scatter angle is adapted or adaptable to an orientation of a corresponding scatter light transmitter of the at least one smoke detector.
  • Such adaptability enables a particularly simple and flexible adaptation of the or each reference detector to the at least one smoke detector to be calibrated. This enables a reference detector that does not exactly match the type of smoke detector to be calibrated to be used as a reference detector. Rather, by adapting the orientation of the scattered light transmitter or at least one scattered light transmitter, the respective reference detector is given a configuration which has exactly the same scatter angle as the smoke detector to be calibrated.
  • the at least one reference detector is located in the duct, in particular in a reference detector housing, upstream of the at least one smoke detector to be matched, and in a corresponding embodiment of the adjustment device, the at least one reference detector can be placed in the duct upstream of the at least one smoke detector to be matched.
  • an already adjusted smoke detector functioning as a further reference detector is located in the channel and preferably downstream of the at least one smoke detector to be adjusted (in particular in a reference detector housing), with data available from the further reference detector being together can be used with the data available from the reference detector to test and / or correct the adjustment of the at least one smoke detector to be adjusted.
  • the test can consist, for example, in that - as described below - the adjustment of the at least one smoke detector only then occurs when the reference detector and the at least one further reference detector deliver essentially the same sensor signals, so that a uniform distribution of the aerosol in the channel can accordingly be assumed.
  • the adjustment can be corrected by using an average of the adjustment signals available from the at least two reference detectors for the adjustment.
  • An additional or alternative possibility for the automatic detection of a uniform distribution of the aerosol in the channel is that a temporal change in a sensor signal available from the reference detector and / or the at least one smoke detector to be compared is monitored.
  • the adjustment is carried out iteratively with a predetermined or predeterminable number of steps.
  • the at least one smoke detector to be calibrated is calibrated as described here and below. There is an expectation that after a first step the sensor signal obtainable from the smoke detector to be adjusted corresponds better to the reference signal.
  • a new adjustment takes place on the basis of the then current reference and sensor signals. This iterative adjustment process is ended when the respective number of steps has been reached and / or terminated when the sensor signal of the smoke detector to be adjusted matches the reference signal within predetermined or predefinable limits.
  • the above-mentioned object is also achieved by means of a comparison device of the type described above, which comprises a control unit determining the essential functions of the comparison device.
  • the control unit is thus an example of the adjustment device included Means for executing the matching process and, if necessary, special embodiments of the matching process.
  • a computer program functioning as a control program can be executed by means of the control unit and is executed for executing the adjustment method which effects the adjustment of the at least one smoke detector.
  • the invention is thus on the one hand also a computer program with program code instructions executable by a computer and on the other hand a storage medium with such a computer program, i.e. a computer program product with program code means, and finally also a control unit or a matching device, in the memory of which as means for carrying out the method and its configurations such a computer program is loaded or loadable.
  • the channel for receiving the at least one smoke detector to be adjusted comprises a smoke detector housing (or for each smoke detector to be adjusted, a smoke detector housing) and for receiving the or each reference detector, a reference detector housing.
  • the housings encompassed by the duct are interconnected by means of individual duct sections.
  • Each output side of a housing is connected to an input side of a downstream (downstream) housing along the channel in the flow direction.
  • the aerosol stream entering one of the housings thus arrives at the downstream housing.
  • the or each reference detector housing is intended and set up for receiving a reference detector in exactly one orientation, namely an orientation in which an aerosol flowing through the channel flows through the channel in the channel transverse to the scattered light level of the reference detector.
  • the placement of the or each reference detector in its own reference detector housing ensures that the respective reference detector is fixed in the desired orientation.
  • a channel section connected upstream to the reference detector housing or to one of the reference detector housings extends piece by piece into the reference detector housing.
  • the channel section which extends piece by piece into the reference detector housing, acts like a nozzle with regard to the concentration of the aerosol flow on the scattered light area. This causes the aerosol flow to concentrate on a scattered light area of the reference detector located in the reference detector housing.
  • the sensor system of the reference detector defines the stray light area, but is itself outside the stray light area. A concentration of the aerosol flow on the scattered light area consequently has the effect that the aerosol flow is kept away from the sensors of the reference detector. This prevents contamination that would otherwise be caused by turbulence in the aerosol inside the reference detector housing the sensors.
  • the length of the channel section extending into the reference detector housing can be dimensioned such that the channel section ends just above the scattered light plane. In any case, the channel section does not extend into the scattered light plane.
  • an effective cross section of a channel section downstream of the reference detector housing or of one of the reference detector housings is larger than an effective cross section of a channel section connecting upstream of the same reference detector housing.
  • the different effective cross sections on the input side and on the output side of the reference detector housing lead to a pressure difference between the input side and the output side and the resulting lower pressure on the output side causes the concentration of the aerosol flow onto the scattered light area.
  • FIG 1 shows - schematically highly simplified - a top view of a smoke detector 10 which is known per se.
  • the smoke detector 10 comprises a housing 12 shown only with its edge line, the external shape of the housing 12 being expressly not limited to a circular shape.
  • the housing 12 there is a measuring chamber of the smoke detector 10 and, aligned with the measuring chamber, the sensor system of the smoke detector 10, namely a scattered light receiver 14, for example a photodiode, and at least one scattered light transmitter 16.
  • the smoke detector 10 comprises two scattered light transmitters 16 and the further description is continued - without foregoing further general validity - using the example of a smoke detector 10 with a plurality of scattered light transmitters 16.
  • a smoke detector 10 with only one scattered light transmitter 16 comes into consideration and each time several scattered light transmitters 16 are mentioned, a smoke detector 10 with only one scattered light transmitter 16 is also to be read.
  • each scattered light transmitter 16 is directed to a region of the measuring chamber in the interior of the smoke detector 10, which region is referred to below as the scattered light region 20. There, the light emitted by the scattered light transmitters 16 is deflected (reflected), possibly due to particles 22 in the scattered light region 20, for example smoke particles, and in the case of such a deflection at least partially reaches the scattered light receiver 14.
  • the light intensity sensed by the scattered light receiver 14 is a measure of an alarm signal possibly triggered by the smoke detector 10.
  • the smoke detector 10 comprises, in a manner known per se, one that is not shown here Electronics, for example on and in the form of a circuit board, which also acts as a support for the sensors.
  • the housing 12 of the smoke detector 10 is shaped in a manner known per se so that no ambient light enters the interior of the smoke detector 10. However, the housing 12 allows ambient air to enter and thus possibly also smoke to enter the interior of the smoke detector 10.
  • FIG 2 shows the smoke detector 10 according to FIG 1 without the housing 12 and in a section along the in FIG 1 drawn section line II-II.
  • the sensors sintered light receiver 14, scattered light transmitter 16
  • the sensor system can be seen in one plane or at least essentially in one plane. This level is referred to below as the scattered light level 24.
  • the at least one smoke detector 10 is automatically compared by comparing it with data derived from the reference detector 30 or the reference detectors 30 are available.
  • the adjustment of the at least one smoke detector 10 can therefore take place automatically and is carried out by means of at least one already adjusted smoke detector functioning as a reference detector 30.
  • the adjustment in this way is comparatively simple and can also be implemented with comparatively little outlay on equipment. Special sensors are not required because the or each reference detector 30 functions as a sensor.
  • the adjusted smoke detector 10 is replaced by a new smoke detector 10 to be adjusted. This can be continued continuously.
  • the channel 28 comprises a plurality of individual flow-through housings 32 for accommodating one smoke detector 10 each, i.e. either for receiving a smoke detector functioning as a reference detector 30 or a smoke detector 10 to be calibrated.
  • the housings 32 are connected to one another with flow-through duct sections 34 in the form of pipeline sections or the like , Due to the housing 32 which closely surrounds the respective smoke detector 10 (or reference detector 30), the aerosol 26 flowing through the channel 28 fills the measuring chambers of all detectors 10, 30 evenly after a short time, so that the same conditions are sufficient for the adjustment of the at least one smoke detector 10 are made.
  • the adjustment is an adjustment in the sense of an adjustment and comprises at least one measurement and an intervention in the smoke detector 10 that is dependent on the result of the measurement.
  • the measurement supplies at least the data available from the reference detector 30, which are used, for example, as normal.
  • the intervention in the smoke detector 10 to be adjusted adjusts it in accordance with the data available from the reference detector 30.
  • the adjustment is preferably carried out automatically. To this extent, the intervention in the smoke detector 10 to be calibrated takes place, for example, in the form of an adaptation of data stored in the smoke detector 10.
  • the adjustment of the at least one smoke detector 10 to be adjusted takes place, for example, as soon as both reference detectors 30 deliver the same measured values and it can therefore be assumed that there is a uniform channel 28 between the upstream reference detector 30 and the downstream reference detector 30 Has set aerosol concentration.
  • the or each reference detector 30 located in the channel 28 is parallel or at least substantially parallel to the scattered light plane 24 () by the aerosol 26 flowing through the channel 28.
  • FIG 2 flows through.
  • the sensor system of the respective smoke detector, which functions as a reference detector 30, comes into contact with the aerosol 26. This can lead to contamination of the sensor system of the reference detector 30.
  • the sensor signal obtainable from the reference detector 30 may no longer be sufficiently accurate for a comparison of a smoke detector 10 to be adjusted.
  • the innovation presented here opens up the possibility of avoiding or at least significantly reducing possible contamination of the sensor system of the reference detector 30.
  • the or each reference detector 30 is perpendicular or at least substantially perpendicular to the scattered light plane 24 from the through the Flows through flowing aerosol 26, as schematically simplified in the illustration in FIG FIG 4 is shown.
  • FIG 4 shows - just like FIG 3 - A channel 28 through which an aerosol 26 flows during operation.
  • the channel 28 and the smoke and reference detectors 10, 30 located therein are shown in a plan view.
  • the channel 28 comprises a plurality of housings 32 arranged one behind the other in the flow direction of the aerosol 26 ( FIG 3 ).
  • the housings 32 encompassed by the channel 28 are referred to for distinction either as a smoke detector housing 36 or as a reference detector housing 38.
  • a smoke detector 10 to be calibrated is located in the or one smoke detector housing 36.
  • a smoke detector functioning as a reference detector 30 is located in the or each reference detector housing 38.
  • the respective reference detector 30 is arranged and oriented in the reference detector housing 38 such that the aerosol 26 flowing through the channel 28 flows through it transversely or at least essentially transversely to the scattered light plane 24 of the respective reference detector 30.
  • the reference detector 30 is preferably without the surrounding housing 12 ( FIG 1 ) in the reference detector housing 38 (ie only the scattered light arrangement of the reference detector 30). Dispensing with the housing 12 is readily possible within the scope of the adjustment, since the reference detector housing 38 and at least also the immediately adjacent duct sections 34 are opaque, so that the reference detector housing 38 of the duct 28 to a certain extent instead of one that otherwise surrounds the sensor system of the reference detector 30 Housing 12 occurs.
  • the reference detector 30 is held in the reference detector housing 38, for example, by lateral edges of the circuit board of the reference detector 30 engaging in a guide located inside the reference detector housing 38 or formed there.
  • the representations in 5 to 7 basically show optional possibilities for an even better concentration of the aerosol flow flowing through a reference detector housing 38 in an area which does not or at least essentially does not reach the sensor system, that is to say, for example, in FIG FIG 1 Scattered light region 20 shown.
  • FIG 5 For comparison, a reference detector housing 38 and a reference detector 30 located therein are as in FIG FIG 4 shown.
  • FIG 6 An embodiment is shown in which the channel section 34 connected downstream of the reference detector housing 38 to the reference detector housing 38 has a larger effective diameter than the channel section 34 preceding the reference detector housing 38. Due to the cross-sectional difference, there is a lower pressure downstream of the reference detector 38 located in the reference detector housing 38 30. This pressure difference brings about a concentration of the incoming aerosol flow on or at least essentially on the scattered light area 20 and prevents or reduces turbulence of the aerosol flow in the interior of the reference detector housing 38. The concentration results because the channel section 34 adjoining the reference detector housing 38 upstream onto the scattered light area 20 points and the aerosol flow is thus directed onto the scattered light region 20.
  • FIG 7 Another embodiment for the concentration of the incoming aerosol flow on the scattered light region 20 is shown. Thereafter, it is provided that the incoming channel section 34 and the outgoing channel section 34, i.e. the upstream and the downstream channel section 34, respectively, extend into the reference detector housing 38 and there likewise bring about a concentration of the aerosol flow on or at least essentially on the scattered light area 20 and swirling of the Prevent or at least reduce aerosol flow inside the reference detector housing 38.
  • the incoming channel section 34 extends into the interior of the reference detector housing 38 in a nozzle-like manner and the cross sections of the incoming and outgoing channel section 34 are the same or at least substantially the same. Then, the width of the reference detector housing 38 can optionally be additionally reduced in the flow direction, so that a width results that is approximately in the middle between the in 6 and 7 shown width is.
  • the edge line of the incoming channel section 34 is aligned with the edge of the scattered light region 20. This is the case when an axial projection of the lateral surface of the incoming channel section 34, in particular an axial projection of the inner lateral surface of the incoming channel section 34, onto the scattered light plane 24 the edge line of the scattered light region 20 coincides or thus at least essentially coincides.
  • FIG 8 shows a representation essentially as in FIG 1 , Is shown - as in FIG 1 - A smoke detector 10 in a plan view.
  • the illustration relates above all to a smoke detector functioning as a reference detector 30 or to a scattered light arrangement functioning as a reference detector 30. It is provided for this or these that a scattering angle resulting from a position of the scattered light transmitters 16 is adjustable. This adjustability is provided by the scattered light transmitter 16, at least one scattered light transmitter 16 or each scattered light transmitter 16 being movable around the center of the scattered light region 20, as is illustrated in the illustration by the arrows emanating from the scattered light transmitters 16.
  • the smoke detector functioning as reference detector 30 can be adapted to the smoke detector 10 to be adjusted.
  • Any necessary adjustment of the wavelength of the light emitted by the scattered light transmitters 16 can be achieved by changing to other scattered light transmitters 16, for example changing to other LEDs or laser diodes.
  • it is also possible to select (to activate) the scattered light transmitters 16 arranged along a circumferential line around the scattered light region 20 (to activate them; all other scattered light transmitters 16 are or are then deactivated) can be used for an adjustment of the smoke detector 10 to be adjusted.
  • FIG 9 and FIG 10 show a representation essentially as in FIG 4 , Shown is a device functioning as a matching device for matching at least one smoke detector 10 in accordance with the approach proposed here.
  • the device comprises a channel 28, which can be acted upon by a flowing aerosol (test aerosol) 26 and is shown in longitudinal section.
  • the aerosol 26 is generated during operation of the device by means of an aerosol generator 40 and is released by this into the interior of the channel 28.
  • the aerosol 26 is distributed evenly in the volume available in each case.
  • the aerosol 26 is, for example, by means of compressed air introduced into the channel 28 on the input side, for example by means of a blower or the like (not shown) passed through the channel 28, so that there is an aerosol flow (volume flow), which is shown in the representations in FIG 9 and FIG 10 (as well as the previous representations in FIG 4 and FIG 5-7 ) is illustrated by means of the block arrows.
  • the aerosol 26 generated by means of the aerosol generator 40 and initially located inside a housing of the aerosol generator 40 is sucked into the channel 28 by negative pressure.
  • a device according to FIG 9 or FIG 10 or a comparable device is intended for the automatic adjustment of at least one smoke detector 10 (of the smoke detector 10 to be adjusted).
  • at least one smoke detector 10 to be calibrated there is at least one already calibrated smoke detector and functioning as a reference detector 30 in the channel 28.
  • the reference detector 30 is preferably, but not necessary, upstream of the at least one smoke detector 10 to be calibrated, namely upstream of the at least with respect to the aerosol flow a smoke detector to be calibrated 10.
  • the location of the inflow of the aerosol 26 is located upstream of the reference detector 30 and upstream of the or each smoke detector 10 to be calibrated
  • the aerosol 26 is detected by the sensor system of the reference detector 30 or smoke detector 10.
  • a simultaneous adjustment of several smoke detectors 10 to be adjusted is optionally possible.
  • a plurality of smoke detectors 10 to be matched can be placed in the device, depending on the longitudinal extent of the channel 28, either in a correspondingly large smoke detector housing 36 or a plurality of smoke detector housings 36.
  • this is based exactly one smoke detector 10 to be calibrated in the channel 28 and one surrounding the smoke detector 10 Smoke detector housing 36 drafted. Then formulations such as "at least one smoke detector 10 to be adjusted" can be dispensed with.
  • a possible plurality of smoke detectors 10 to be compared in the channel 28 must, however, always be read and regarded as being included in the description presented here.
  • the smoke detector 10 to be calibrated can also be briefly referred to below as a smoke detector 10, provided that it is clearly distinguishable.
  • the adjustment of the smoke detector 10 is based on the fact that the reference detector 30 has already been adjusted and that the smoke detector 10 and the reference detector 30 are the same or essentially the same, for example of the same design or of the same type, or that such an equality is achieved by an adjustment as in connection with above the explanation of the representation in FIG 8 is produced.
  • each smoke detector 10 and thus also the reference detector 30 generates a sensor signal which encodes a measure of the amount of aerosol in its measuring chamber.
  • the sensor signal of the reference detector 30 is referred to below as a reference signal 42 for distinction.
  • This is fed, for example, to a control unit 44 of the device.
  • the control unit 44 can be communicatively connected to the reference detector 30 by means of the contact elements, and at least the reference signal 42 is transmitted from the reference detector 30 to the control unit 44 via the communicative connection.
  • the reference signal 42 can be transmitted by the control unit 44, for example, in the frame a so-called service protocol can be read out.
  • the control unit 44 comprises, in a manner known per se, a processing unit in the form of or in the manner of a microprocessor and a memory into which a control program 46 executed when the device is operating by means of the processing unit is loaded.
  • the control program 46 comprises program code instructions in a manner known per se and defines the type of processing of the reference signal 42 and the generation of a comparison signal 48.
  • the comparison signal 48 is transmitted to the smoke detector 10 for its comparison, for example also by means of the service protocol.
  • Such a sensor signal from reference detector 30 is used as reference signal 42 in the approach proposed here.
  • the reference signal 42 is proportional to the amount of aerosol entering the scattered light region 20 of the reference detector 30 due to the aerosol flow in the channel 28.
  • the sensor signal of the smoke detector 10 should correspond to the sensor signal (reference signal 42) of the reference detector 30 or at least essentially correspond.
  • a possible deviation, in particular a deviation exceeding a predetermined or predeterminable limit value, is corrected by comparing the smoke detector 10.
  • the smoke detector 10 can be compared in different ways on the basis of the reference signal 42 available from the reference detector 30. Individual options that are fundamentally possible for comparing a smoke detector 10 are explained below - merely by way of example and without foregoing further general validity:
  • the smoke detector 10 can be put into an adjustment mode by means of the control unit 44 and the reference signal 42 can then be transmitted to the smoke detector 10 by the control unit 44 as an adjustment signal 48.
  • the reference signal 42 is basically only passed to the smoke detector 10 by means of the control unit 44.
  • the smoke detector 10 internally compares the adjustment signal 48 with the sensor signal generated by its own sensor system and optionally makes a correction, for example a correction of an adjustment factor or at least one adjustment factor.
  • the adjustment factor or the respective adjustment factor results, for example, as a quotient of the reference signal 42 and the own sensor signal or generally on the basis of a predetermined calculation of the reference signal 42 and the own sensor signal.
  • the smoke detector 10 is adjusted as soon as, after a possible adjustment of the adjustment factor, the smoke detector 10 outputs the internal sensor signal weighted with the adjustment factor as a sensor signal.
  • a pulse duration of the periodically emitted inside the smoke detector 10 Test light beam is increased and / or that the power of the scattered light transmitter 16 acting as a test light source is adapted.
  • an offset, a gain and / or further parameters can also be adapted.
  • the use of two reference detectors 30 is provided in a fundamentally optional manner, namely a reference detector 30 upstream of the smoke detector 10 and a reference detector 30 downstream of the smoke detector 10.
  • the two reference detectors 30 should be considered already calibrated smoke detectors deliver the same or at least essentially the same sensor signals (reference signal 42). As long as there is no equality or at least sufficient equality, a uniform distribution of the aerosol 26 in the channel 28 cannot be assumed.
  • the control unit 44 accordingly compares the reference signals 42 received from the reference detectors 30 and the adjustment only begins when the reference signals 42 are sufficiently identical.
  • the reference signal 42 received from the reference detector 30 is output as a calibration signal 48 to the at least one smoke detector 10 to be calibrated.
  • the adjustment factor of a smoke detector 10 can also be determined by the control unit 44.
  • the control unit 44 then processes the reference signal 42 and the sensor signal of each smoke detector 10 to be adjusted.
  • the control unit 44 forms, for example, the quotient and / or one or more correction factors and transmits this in the form of the adjustment signal 48 to the respective smoke detector 10.
  • the smoke detector 10 then implements, for example, the value transmitted with the adjustment signal 48 as an internal adjustment factor or uses this to adjust a pulse duration of the test light beam periodically emitted inside the smoke detector 10 and / or to adapt the power of the test light source.
  • control unit 44 automatically influences the aerosol concentration, for example by correspondingly controlling the aerosol generator 40 and / or by activating one or more switchable dilution stages. This enables a comparison of different types of smoke detectors and / or smoke detectors 10 with a large dynamic range.
  • control program 46 optionally includes, for example, program code instructions for comparing the reference signals 42 available from the reference detectors 30. Only when these match within predefined or predefinable limits during a predefined or predefinable period of time, that is to say, for example, by a difference between two reference signals 42 a predefined one or predeterminable threshold value during the period, the or each smoke detector 10 to be adjusted is adjusted by only then automatically generating the adjustment signal 48.
  • control unit 44 monitors the sensor signal (reference signal 42) of at least one reference detector 30 and / or the sensor signal of at least one smoke detector 10 and the adjustment only begins when a fluctuation range of the respective sensor signal during a time span with a predefined or predefinable duration falls below a predefined or predefinable limit value, that is, when the monitored sensor signal changes or no longer or only slightly changes the monitored sensor signals. Even then it can be assumed that there is a uniform distribution of the aerosol 26 in the channel 28 which is sufficient for the adjustment.
  • the control program 46 then optionally includes, for example, program code instructions, which have the effect that it is automatically monitored whether the respective sensor signal does not change or changes only slightly during a predetermined or predeterminable period of time. If this has been recognized, the adjustment takes place in that the adjustment signal 48 is only then generated automatically. According to a further optional embodiment, it can be provided that the start of the comparison depends on the expiration of a waiting time with a predefined or predefinable duration. The control program 46 then includes program code instructions for maintaining the waiting time.
  • a method and a device 10 operating according to the method for the adjustment of a smoke detector 10 are specified, the adjustment being carried out by means of a smoke detector which has already been adjusted and acts as a reference detector 30.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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Claims (11)

  1. Procédé destiné à la mise en alignement automatique d'au moins un détecteur de fumée (10) ;
    dans lequel ledit au moins un détecteur de fumée (10) qui doit faire l'objet d'une mise en alignement est placé dans un canal (28) sollicité avec un aérosol (26) en train de s'écouler ;
    dans lequel, dans le canal (28), de manière conjointe avec ledit au moins un détecteur de fumée (10) qui doit faire l'objet d'une mise en alignement, se trouve au moins un détecteur de fumée déjà mis en alignement qui fait office de détecteur de référence (30) ;
    dans lequel ledit au moins un détecteur de fumée (10) qui doit faire l'objet d'une mise en alignement est mis en alignement au moyen de données (42) que l'on obtient de la part du détecteur de référence (30) ;
    dans lequel le détecteur de référence (30) ou chacun de ces derniers, dans un plan de lumière diffusée (24), comprend, à titre de système de détection, au moins un récepteur de lumière diffusée (14) de même qu'au moins un émetteur de lumière diffusée (16) ; et
    dans lequel le détecteur de référence (30) ou chacun de ces derniers, dans le canal (28), est traversé, en position transversale par rapport au plan de lumière diffusée (24) du détecteur de référence (30) par l'aérosol (26) qui s'écoule à travers le canal (28).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le détecteur de référence (30) ou chacun de ces derniers est placé dans le canal en l'absence d'un logement (12) qui entoure le système de détection du détecteur de référence (30).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le détecteur de référence (30) ou chacun de ces derniers est placé dans un logement de détecteur de référence (38) qui fait partie du canal (28).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une orientation d'un émetteur de lumière diffusée (16) du détecteur de référence (30) ou de chacun de ces derniers est adaptée à une orientation d'un émetteur de lumière diffusée correspondant (16) dudit au moins un détecteur de fumée (10).
  5. Dispositif destiné à l'alignement automatique d'au moins un détecteur de fumée (10) ;
    dans lequel le dispositif (10) comprend un canal (28) qui peut être sollicité avec un aérosol (26) qui s'écoule ;
    dans lequel on peut placer, dans le canal (28), ledit au moins un détecteur de fumée (10) qui doit faire l'objet d'une mise en alignement ;
    dans lequel on peut placer, dans le canal (28), de manière conjointe avec ledit au moins un détecteur de fumée (10) qui doit faire l'objet d'une mise en alignement, au moins un détecteur de fumée déjà mis en alignement, qui fait office de détecteur de référence (30) ;
    dans lequel, au moyen du dispositif, des données (42) que l'on obtient de la part du détecteur de référence (30), peuvent être transmises audit au moins un détecteur de fumée (10) qui doit faire l'objet d'une mise en alignement, à des fins de mise en alignement de ce dernier ;
    dans lequel au moins le détecteur de référence (30) ou chacun de ces derniers comprend, dans un plan de lumière diffusée (24), à titre de système de détection, au moins un récepteur de lumière diffusée (14) ainsi qu'au moins un émetteur de lumière diffusée (16) ; et
    dans lequel le détecteur de référence (30) ou chacun de ces derniers, dans le canal (28), peut être traversé, en position transversale par rapport au plan de lumière diffusée (24) du détecteur de référence (30) par l'aérosol (26) qui s'écoule à travers le canal (28).
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5 ;
    dans lequel le canal (28), pour la réception dudit au moins un détecteur de fumée (10) qui doit faire l'objet d'une mise en alignement, présente au moins un logement de détecteur de fumée (36) ainsi que pour la réception du détecteur de référence (30) ou de chacun de ces derniers, respectivement un logement de détecteur de référence (38) ;
    dans lequel les logements (36, 38) compris dans le canal (28) sont reliés l'un à l'autre au moyen de tronçons de canal (34) d'une manière telle que chaque côté sortie d'un logement (36, 38) est relié à un côté entrée d'un logement (36, 38) qui y fait suite le long du canal (28) ; et
    dans lequel le logement de détecteur de référence (38) ou chacun de ces derniers est déterminé et conçu, pour la réception d'un détecteur de référence (30) dans précisément une orientation, à savoir une orientation dans laquelle le détecteur de référence (30) est traversé, dans le canal (28), en direction transversale par rapport au plan de lumière diffusée (24) du détecteur de référence (30) par un aérosol (26) qui s'écoule à travers le canal (28).
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6 ;
    dans lequel un tronçon de canal (34) qui vient se raccorder en amont au logement de détecteur de référence (38) ou à un des logements de détecteur de référence (38) à des fins de concentration du courant d'aérosol sur un secteur de lumière diffusée (20) du détecteur de référence (30) se trouvant dans le logement de détecteur de référence (38), s'étend en partie jusqu'à l'intérieur du logement de détecteur de référence (38).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 6 ou 7 ;
    dans lequel une section transversale d'un tronçon de canal (34) qui vient se raccorder en aval au logement de détecteur de référence (38) ou à un des logements de détecteur de référence (38) est supérieure à une section transversale d'un tronçon de canal (34) qui vient se raccorder en amont au même logement de détecteur de référence (38).
  9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 8 ;
    dans lequel une position d'au moins un émetteur de lumière diffusée (16) compris dans le détecteur de fumée qui fait office de détecteur de référence (30) ou dans un desdits détecteurs de fumée, est variable.
  10. Programme informatique (46) comprenant des moyens de codes de programmes pour la commande et/ou la surveillance du dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 9 ;
    dans lequel, sous le contrôle du programme informatique (46), des signaux de détection (42) du détecteur de référence (30) et/ou dudit au moins un détecteur de fumée (10) qui doit faire l'objet d'une mise en alignement sont traités pour la mise en alignement dudit au moins un détecteur de fumée (10) qui doit faire l'objet d'une mise en alignement.
  11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 9, comprenant une unité de commande (44) et une mémoire, dans laquelle est chargé un programme informatique (46) selon la revendication 10, qui est exécuté par l'unité de commande (44) lors de l'exploitation du dispositif.
EP17203453.0A 2017-11-24 2017-11-24 Procédé et dispositif destinés à aligner un détecteur de fumée Active EP3489921B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17203453.0A EP3489921B1 (fr) 2017-11-24 2017-11-24 Procédé et dispositif destinés à aligner un détecteur de fumée
US16/191,842 US10593193B2 (en) 2017-11-24 2018-11-15 Method and device for calibrating a smoke detector
CN201811407184.8A CN109841046B (zh) 2017-11-24 2018-11-23 用于校准烟雾探测器的方法和装置

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EP3489921A1 (fr) 2019-05-29
US20190164415A1 (en) 2019-05-30
CN109841046A (zh) 2019-06-04
CN109841046B (zh) 2021-04-27

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