EP3487648A1

EP3487648A1 - Method for undetachably introducing guiding aid elements into a component, component with guiding aid elements and composite component

Info

Publication number: EP3487648A1
Application number: EP17731121.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Martin Becker; Bernhard Glück; Christian HASLAUER; Peter Hirsch; Robert Kirschner
Original assignee: Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Current assignee: Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date: 2016-07-25
Filing date: 2017-06-14
Publication date: 2019-05-29
Also published as: WO2018019467A1; CN109195727A; US20190136888A1; DE102016213578A1; US11111939B2

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for undetachably introducing a guiding aid element into at least one joining location of at least one component, comprising the steps of: a) perforating the at least one component (10) at the at least one joining location in a first press stroke of a tool press, wherein a preliminary hole (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D, 12E) is formed at the at least one joining location, b) inserting a joining aid element (30) into the at least one preliminary hole (12A), and c) pressing the at least one joining aid element (30) with the at least one component (10) in a subsequent press stroke or working step to form a material-bonding, form-fitting and/or force-fitting connection between the at least one component (10) and the at least one joining aid element (30), and also relates to a component produced by the method and a composite component.

Description

description

Method for permanently inserting joining auxiliary elements into a component, component with joining auxiliary elements and component assembly

The invention relates to a method for permanently inserting at least one joining auxiliary element into at least one component and to a component having at least one non-detachable joining auxiliary element and a component composite.

In the context of lightweight construction, it is increasingly necessary, in particular in vehicle construction, to connect components made of different, in part alien, materials with one another, such as e.g. a component of a

Non-ferrous material, such as e.g. Aluminum or a fiber reinforced

Plastic, with a second component, which is formed from a ferrous material, in particular a steel material. Direct welding or soldering of these components is often not possible. Nevertheless, to to enable resistance spot welding, it is known

Joining auxiliary elements. The joining aids become

For example, pressed in a similar manner of a riveting operation in the one of the components to be joined or stamped or inserted. The joining auxiliary elements are made of a material that is compatible with the

Material of the other component is welded. The two components to be joined are positioned to each other and a joint, e.g. a welded joint is formed on the joining auxiliary elements.

The setting of the joining auxiliary elements or resistance welding elements in series production usually takes place by means of a robot-guided

Setting head in the manner of a rivet pliers with setting punch and corresponding die, each of which presses a joining auxiliary element into the component or

punctured, possibly with the prior formation of a Vorlochs. each Joining auxiliary element is set individually, to which each setting point must be approached separately.

Furthermore, a tool is known from the document DE 10 2013 010 443 A1, with which several resistance welding elements can be punched into a workpiece at the same time without pre-holes. For this purpose, the tool has a first and a second tool part, as well as several arranged in the first and in the second tool part setting heads. Due to the closing movement of the tool, the workpiece can be fixed in a defined position and in the course of the closing movement by the setting heads of both

Tool pages the resistance elements pressed into the workpiece.

Self-piercing or self-piercing joining auxiliary elements are known for pre-hole-free setting, the shank end of which is designed as a cutting edge or tip, such as, for example, known from the document DE 10 2004 025 4902 A1. The disadvantage of these joining auxiliary elements is the elaborate

Geometry to achieve good bond strength, making the elements expensive to manufacture.

The object of the invention is to provide a method for introducing

Specify Joining auxiliary elements in at least one component, which does not have at least one associated with the prior art disadvantage or to a lesser extent.

This object is achieved by the method according to claim 1. In the independent claim 10, the invention also extends to a manufactured according to the invention component with Joining and in the independent claim 11 to a composite component, wherein in at least one of the joined components with the

According to the invention, at least one joining auxiliary element is pressed in is. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below.

The inventive method for the permanent introduction of a

Joining auxiliary elements in at least one joint of at least one component comprises the steps:

a) punching the at least one component at the at least one joint in a first press stroke of a press, wherein a pre-hole is formed at the at least one joint,

b) inserting a joining auxiliary element into the at least one pre-hole and c) pressing the at least one joining auxiliary element with the at least one component in a subsequent press stroke or working step, wherein a material, positive and / or non-positive connection between the at least one component and the joining auxiliary element is trained.

The press performs a linear closing movement of the tool with each press stroke. Depending on the type of tool located in the press, different component processing can take place. For punching the component, for example, a tool is used with e.g. one

Tool upper part and a lower tool part, between which the component is positionally clamped, and the corresponding further

Punching tools, e.g. mechanically actuated punching cutters.

The at least one joint designates the location on the component (s) at which a joining auxiliary element is to be introduced. The

Joining auxiliary element can be pressed into only one component. Alternatively, several components, e.g. two, three or more components are partially or completely overlapping, provided with one or more common pre-holes. Into the common Vorloch becomes one

Joining auxiliary element introduced, which protrudes through the several components. The pressing of the joining auxiliary element leads in this case to a substance, positive and / or non-positive connection between the plurality

Components and the joining auxiliary element similar to a riveted joint.

At a later time, at the joint provided with the joining auxiliary, e.g. a joint such as e.g. a

Resistance spot welding to be made with at least one other component. Usually, the at least one component more than one joint, then preferably a pre-hole is formed at each of these joints.

The insertion of the joining auxiliary element can preferably take place automatically via corresponding feed devices provided in the tool. Such feeding devices are well known from conventional riveting pliers in which e.g. the supply of individual rivet elements by means of compressed air via supply lines. The insertion of the joining auxiliary in the

Vorloch can also be manually, e.g. done by a worker.

The insertion of the joining auxiliary elements can be carried out in a separate second press stroke, which takes place after the first press stroke in which the pre-holes are formed and before the press stroke in which the joining auxiliary elements are pressed with the component. Preferably, however, the insertion of the joining auxiliary elements takes place before or during the same press stroke in which the joining auxiliary elements are pressed.

For pressing the joining auxiliary elements, a tool may be used in the press, e.g. with corresponding riveting stamps

corresponding counterpart has. Preferably, the

Joining elements but with only rigid tool components in the upper part and lower part (punch and die), which correspond to the shape of the component, if necessary, pressed. Similar to the formation of the pilot holes, the component with inserted Joining auxiliary elements, for example, between a Tool upper part and lower part are fixed. During the

Closing movement of the tool causes the punches in the

Cooperation with the arranged on the opposite side of the component opposite a compression and deformation of

Joining elements, whereby an at least kraft- .form- or

cohesive, preferably positive and positive, insoluble

Connection is formed. The permanently inserted into the component (s) or joining auxiliary elements can only be solved by damaging or deforming the component and / or the joining auxiliary elements.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one component has a multiplicity of joints on which joining auxiliary elements are to be introduced. It can e.g. be provided two or three or more than three joints. Then, a plurality of pre-holes in the at least one component is formed, wherein at each joint a pre-hole is produced and in each pre-hole ever a Fügehilfselement is used. All joining sub-elements used in the pre-holes are pressed in a common press stroke with the at least one component.

The steps of punching the component and pressing the

Joining auxiliary elements can be shared or with two

different, press-bound tools are performed. The reaction of the component between the tools can be carried out in known manner e.g. carried out by robot-guided gripping device.

Advantageously, the method for pressing the

Joining auxiliary elements are integrated into existing, press-bound work steps during the production of the component. Thus, in each press stroke, in which one of the above-described steps takes place, in addition, a further component processing can be made, such as a reshaping or cutting machining of the component. This can be the Tool be designed accordingly, eg with a drawing punch or drawing die, a cutting device or similar.

The pre-hole is preferably formed as a through hole with a hole wall, which is limited to the component surface in each case by a hole edge. In an advantageous embodiment, both hole edges are each provided with a chamfer. The chamfer removes any burrs that may be present. Furthermore, the chamfer simplifies the pressing in the

Alignment of the joining auxiliary and favors the formation of a positive connection, in a preferred embodiment, the

Joining auxiliary element in the manner of a Senkniets can form in the pre-hole and forms a bilateral undercut with the component. to

Prägander production can e.g. the punching or cutting tool, with which the pre-hole is formed, also be provided with corresponding, acting as an embossing punch sections and / or it can be provided separately operable dies in the press-bound tool, e.g. Slide.

Such a configuration of the Vorlochs allows the use of joining auxiliary elements with simple geometries, yet a high strength of the connection can be achieved. Preferably that is

Joining auxiliary element designed as a metal slug, which is understood by a headless and stockless metal part. Due to the simple geometry, such a metal slug can be produced very inexpensively, for example by punching out of a metal sheet or cutting off a wire. The metal slug may in particular have a cylindrical, spherical, conical or frusto-conical shape. The joining auxiliary element is in particular formed from a material which, with regard to the second component, with which the component provided with the joining auxiliary element is to be joined, has sufficient weldability or solderability. The Joining auxiliary element is preferably made of a steel or

Molded aluminum workpiece.

Advantageously, with the method, all the joining auxiliary elements to be introduced into the component or components can be introduced and pressed together.

The method according to the invention can be used in particular to produce a component with at least one permanently inserted joining auxiliary element. The component preferably has more than one joining auxiliary element, and all joining auxiliary elements are introduced by the method according to the invention. The joining auxiliary elements may have different dimensions or shapes, but are preferably all pressed together with the component in a common press stroke.

The component in which the joining or the auxiliary members are introduced, may be made of a sheet material, such. hot-formed steels,

Aluminum or magnesium sheet, or a sheet-like

Be formed fiber composite plastic, e.g. as a carbon fiber reinforced (CFRP), glass fiber reinforced (GRP) or aramid fiber reinforced component. The component may in particular be a sheet-metal shaped part, it also being possible to use cast components or profile parts which are designed to be sheet-like at the one or more joints. In particular, the component may be a body component or body component, preferably for a car body.

The component produced by the method according to the invention, also referred to as the first component, can be further processed by known methods, for example to form a component composite with at least one second component, wherein the or the joining member pressed with the first component is welded, soldered and / or welded to the second component. or glued. Alternatively, a component composite can be produced by the method according to the invention, in which the joint connection between the components is already produced by the pressing in of the joining auxiliary elements. Such a component composite has at least one first and second component which are connected to one another by at least one joining auxiliary element. The at least one joining auxiliary element protrudes through both components and connects them in the manner of a riveted joint.

The invention advantageously makes it possible to integrate the permanent insertion of the joining auxiliary elements into the component in an existing component manufacturing process, e.g. in the press shop, without the additional expense of an additional equipment or device such as e.g.

einerNietzangenlösung. It is also conceivable that the system technology required for the process for both steel / steel and for

To use mixed construction joints in the same line. Especially in combination with the special design of the Vorlochs described above and the freedom in the design of the joining auxiliary elements arise unexpected possibilities to increase the connection strength while reducing costs and cycle time reduction.

The above-described characteristics, features, and advantages of this invention, as well as the manner in which they are achieved, will become clearer and more clearly understood in connection with the following

Description of the embodiments. If the term "can" is used in this application, it is both the technical possibility and the actual technical implementation.

In the following an embodiment will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show: FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the

process

Figure 2A is a plan view of a pre-punched component on a press-bound tool base

Figures 2B to 2D are sectional views of the component of Figure 2A

different times of the procedure

Figure 3 is a side view of an exemplary

A connection between components

FIG. 1 shows a flow chart for illustrating the

Method according to the invention, with which one or more Joining Joining elements are permanently inserted into at least one component.

In a first method step A, the at least one component is pre-punched by means of a press-bound tool. This step takes place in a first press stroke. In the subsequent second

Process step B, a joining auxiliary element is inserted into each pre-hole in each case. In a further method step C, the

Joining auxiliary elements with the at least one component pressed. The

Pressing of the joining auxiliary elements also takes place by means of a

press-bound tool in a further step or press stroke, which follows the first press stroke. The insertion of the joining auxiliary elements can take place in a separate working step or in the same press stroke in which the joining auxiliary elements are pressed, represented in FIG. 1 by the dashed border U. After step C, the joining auxiliary elements are permanently pressed against the at least one component and the at least one component can be supplied to a further processing in step D, which may be, for example, a resistance spot welding to connect the at least one component to the joining auxiliary elements with a further component cohesively. In step A, preferably, pilot holes are formed for all joining auxiliary elements which are provided in the at least one component. The pre-holes are formed at the places where later

Joining connection to another component to be produced. For pre-punching, the at least one component is inserted into a press-bound tool, which comprises corresponding punching or cutting tools. The punching or cutting tools are realized in a known manner and can be provided in the upper tool part and / or in the lower tool part. By the closing movement of the press

Tool upper and lower part supplied to each other and punched or cut the holes by means of the punching or cutting tools. FIG. 2A shows, by way of example, a perspective view of a component 10 in the form of a strike plate extension on a tool lower part 20, in which

Component 10 stamped pre-holes 12A to 12E. The pilot holes 12A to 12E have a substantially circular cross section and extend through the component 10. At each of the two hole edges, a bevel 14 and 16 is impressed into the component 10, see FIG. 2B, in which a sectional view of the component 10 through the pre-hole 12A is shown. The punching or

For this purpose, cutting tools can act as stamping dies

Be provided sections or it can be operated separately

Embossing stamp be provided in the press-bound tool.

In the subsequent, second method step B, the auxiliary holes 30 are supplied to the pre-holes. The joining auxiliary elements are preferably metal slugs with a cylindrical shape with a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the pilot hole, s. Figure 2C. A special

Fixing the metal slugs is not mandatory, as they are sufficiently positioned by the pre-hole and, for. rest on the lower tool.

In the third method step C, the joining auxiliary elements 30 are then pressed by means of a press-bound tool with the component 10, for which the tool has, for example, corresponding riveting punches and counter holders or dies. Preferably, the diameter and height of the

Joining auxiliary elements 30 dimensioned so that this completely fills the pre-hole after pressing and at least flush with a component surface, see the sectional view in Figure 2D, which shows a sectional view of a pressed together with the component 10 Joining auxiliary member 30A. The exemplary joining auxiliary element 30 shown in FIG. 2C merely protrudes upward beyond the component 10. It is understood that the joining auxiliary element can also protrude only downwards or both upwards and downwards over the component. The joining auxiliary element 30A preferably forms a double-sided undercut 32A and 32B during the pressing, whereby a positive connection between the joining auxiliary element 30 and the component 10 is formed in addition to a non-positive connection.

The feeding of the joining auxiliary elements 30 can be automated. For this purpose, the riveting tool can be formed in a known manner

Feeders and supply lines have, with which the

Joining auxiliary elements can be spent on the pre-holes.

FIG. 3 shows a side view of an exemplary component composite for covering a longitudinal member of a motor vehicle, which comprises

Striker extension 10 from Figure 2A and a strike plate 40. The strike plate 40 is a sheet steel molding, the strike plate extension 10 is formed of an aluminum sheet. With the method described above, five joining auxiliary elements 30A to 30E have been designed in the form of

Steel studs pressed with the strike plate extension 10. The

Joining members 30A to 30E were replaced by conventional ones

Resistance spot welding with the strike plate 40 welded.

According to the invention, a maximum of three press strokes are required by the method in order to provide all the necessary joining auxiliary elements with the at least one To compress component. In the figures, the introduction of five identical pre-holes and five identical joining sub-elements 30 is shown by way of example. This number can, of course, be varied from just one hole or one joining auxiliary element to a plurality, eg several tens. Likewise, individual or all pre-holes or joining auxiliary elements can be dimensioned and / or shaped as well as the orientation of the hole axes of the further pre-holes or Joining auxiliary elements may be different.

In the figures, the introduction of joining auxiliary elements is shown in only one component. It is understood that the method can also be used to introduce joining auxiliary elements into two or more partially or completely overlapping components, wherein the components are fixed to one another and to each other by the or the pressed joining auxiliary elements in the manner of a riveted connection. In this case, the plurality of components are preferably arranged one above the other and provided with one or more pre-holes in a common press stroke.

The press-bound tool can also be used as

Forming tool and / or cutting tool to be formed so that z. B at the same time as the pre-holes are formed, further features, e.g.

Beads or depressions in the component can be formed.

The embodiments are not to scale and not

limiting. Modifications in the context of expert action are possible. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

A, B, C, D method steps

U press stroke

10 component

12A to 12E pre-hole

14, 16 chamfer

20 lower tool part

30, 30A to 30E Joining auxiliary element 32A, 32B undercut 40 strike plate

Claims

claims

1. A method for the permanent introduction of a joining auxiliary element in at least one joint of at least one component, comprising the steps of: a) punching the at least one component (10) on the at least one joint in a first press stroke of a tool press, wherein at least one joint a Vorloch (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D, 12E) is formed,

b) inserting a joining auxiliary element (30) into the at least one pre-hole (12A) and

c) pressing the at least one joining auxiliary element (30) with the at least one component (10) in a subsequent press stroke or step to form a material, positive and / or non-positive connection between the at least one component (10) and the at least one joining auxiliary (30).

2. Method according to claim 1,

in the step b) is performed in a second press stroke, which is performed between the first press stroke of step a) and the subsequent press stroke or step of step c).

3. Method according to claim 1 _. ....

in step b) and step c) are carried out in a common press stroke.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein

in step a) a plurality of pre-holes (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D, 12E) are formed,

in step b) one joining auxiliary element (30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E) is inserted into each pre-hole (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D, 12E), and in step c) all in the pre-holes (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D, 12E)

inserted joining aid elements (30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E) with the at least one component (10) are pressed.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the first press stroke, the second press stroke and / or the subsequent press stroke additionally takes place a further component processing.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one pre-hole (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D, 12E) at both hole edges with a chamfer (14, 16) is provided and the joining auxiliary element (30) is designed as a metal slug.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein

the pressed joining auxiliary element (30A) is positively connected to the at least one component (10) by means of an undercut (32A, 32B) on both sides.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the Fügehilfselement (30) is a Stahlbutzen and the at least one component (10) is formed of a lightweight material.

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one component is a body component or

Body attachment is.

10. A component having at least one pressed-in joining auxiliary element produced by the method according to one of the claims 1 to 9. 11 component composite with at least one first and second component, in which in at least one of the joined components at least one

Joining auxiliary element is pressed with the method according to one of the claims 1 to 9.