EP3475609A1 - Method for burning fuel in a cylindrical combustion chamber - Google Patents
Method for burning fuel in a cylindrical combustion chamberInfo
- Publication number
- EP3475609A1 EP3475609A1 EP17732472.0A EP17732472A EP3475609A1 EP 3475609 A1 EP3475609 A1 EP 3475609A1 EP 17732472 A EP17732472 A EP 17732472A EP 3475609 A1 EP3475609 A1 EP 3475609A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- fuel
- combustion chamber
- jet
- oxidizing gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 20
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002816 gill Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
- F23D1/02—Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
- F23C3/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber having an elongated tubular form, e.g. for a radiant tube
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D91/00—Burners specially adapted for specific applications, not otherwise provided for
- F23D91/02—Burners specially adapted for specific applications, not otherwise provided for for use in particular heating operations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of fuel combustion in a cylindrical combustion chamber, comprising, in this combustion chamber,
- furnaces In the field of the calcination of mineral rocks, in particular of limestone and dolomitic rocks, different types of furnaces are used, in particular rotary kilns, vat furnaces, and in particular straight annular furnaces.
- annular straight furnaces implement, for heating the material, upper and lower combustion chambers.
- the lower combustion chambers are originally designed to work with natural gas as fuel and it burns almost instantaneously.
- the fuel gas with a less expensive fuel, in particular a powdery solid fuel such as coal powder, coke or lignite, grape seeds. , olive stones, sawdust, etc.
- a powdery solid fuel such as coal powder, coke or lignite, grape seeds. , olive stones, sawdust, etc.
- the burner includes a fuel conduit 120 surrounded by a cylindrical sleeve 121 including a flared portion 127 toward the end of the nose of the burner and including a plurality of holes 128.
- the cylindrical sleeve 121 forms with the duct 120 an annular space through which a combustible gas 126 passes.
- the sleeve 121 and the duct 120 are included in an outer casing 122 (shown in FIG. 3a, not shown in FIG.
- Primary air axial 105 can flow between a space formed by the outer casing 122 and the sleeve 121, as well as by the plurality of holes 128 on the flared portion of the sleeve.
- the lower combustion chambers of the annular straight furnaces are small and short. They are sized for natural gas that instantly burns according to the law of "immediately mixed, immediately burned” with a homogeneous combustion (gas-gas combustion). In these chambers also the air required for combustion comes premixed with flue gas recirculated, which have a reduced concentration of oxygen.
- the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and therefore to provide a combustion process applicable in the furnace combustion chambers, in particular existing furnaces, which is effective with a consumption of only solid powdery fuel.
- the solid fuel jet has an axial projection component in the same direction as said direction of propagation of the oxidant gas in the cylindrical combustion chamber and wherein the ratio of specific burner momentum flow rate to the specific momentum flow rate of the oxidant gas is equal to or less than 1.0 and greater than zero.
- the specific flow rate of momentum is the measurement of the force of a jet (for example burner jet or oxidant flow) divided by the power of the burner.
- Gax_brugger (Qmcs + Qmat) x Vinj / P + Qmap x Vap / P, where
- Qmap mass flow rate of the primary air (kg / sec)
- Vinj axial fuel injection speed (m / sec)
- Vap axial injection rate of the primary air
- the axial injection speed is calculated according to the following equation (2): For the fuel
- Vinj Qvat / Sb
- PCI lower calorific value of the fuel (MJ / kg).
- Gax_comburant Qmgc x Vgc / P, where
- Vgc axial velocity of the oxidant gas around the solid fuel jet (m / sec).
- the axial velocity of the oxidizing gas is calculated according to the following equation (5):
- Vgc Qvgc / Sch
- the method according to the present invention is based on an aerodynamics which is determined by the oxidant arriving in the combustion chamber.
- the oxidant here forces the fuel to enter its current by an adjustment of the flow rate of the burner to that of the oxidizer (see Figure 2). It is no longer the fuel jet that is driving, it is the fuel that is driven by the oxidizer. This results in an increased residence time of the fuel, with the effect of the possibility of implementing a fuel only in a pulverulent solid form and to obtain a total combustion of this fuel in the combustion chamber.
- this burner momentum flow rate it is possible, for example, to increase the fuel injection section in the nose of the burner, which has the immediate effect of reducing the injection speed of the fuel while maintaining unchanged the fuel and oxidant flows and the speed of the oxidizer and which has no influence on the operation of the furnace itself.
- This is a minor and easy modification of the nose of the burner, with immediate effect on the claimed ratio between the specific flow rates of momentum which is adapted to become equal to or less than 1, 0.
- this ratio will be between 0.5 and 0.9.
- the cylindrical combustion chamber has a first and a second axial end and the powdery solid fuel jet is projected by the burner from the first axial end of the combustion chamber to the second axial end.
- the burner is arranged in a hole provided in the front wall of the first end of the combustion chamber. The solid fuel jet can thus come into contact with the oxidant along the entire length of the combustion chamber.
- the oxidizing gas is mainly a recirculated flue gas, for example from the calcination furnace.
- This flue gas can be enriched with oxygen, for example by a supply of air.
- the oxidizing gas is fed tangentially into the combustion chamber at said first end thereof, so as to form a helical stream of oxidizing gas around the jet of fuel projected by the burner. This favors the fuel-oxidant mixture.
- the oxidizing gas it is also possible for the oxidizing gas to be fed into the combustion chamber at said first end thereof, parallel to its axis and around the jet of fuel projected by the burner. The propagation of the oxidizing gas must in any case follow a direction of propagation towards the downstream end of the combustion chamber.
- a partial or total rotation of the fuel jet transported by the transport air can for example be obtained by giving a rotational movement to the transport air, with the aid of guide vanes.
- the process according to the invention is intended to be preferably carried out in a lower annular furnace of calcareous or dolomitic rock calcination furnace.
- the present invention also relates to such a combustion chamber comprising, at a first axial end, a burner arranged to project a powdery solid fuel jet into this chamber, and optionally an axial primary air flow, and a feed inlet for an oxidizing gas arranged so as to form a stream of oxidizing gas along a direction of propagation around the jet of fuel projected by the burner, the burner being arranged to project the solid fuel according to an axial projection component having the same direction as the direction propagation of the combustion gas stream in the cylindrical combustion chamber, so as to allow the implementation of the method according to the invention.
- annular calcic or dolomitic rock calcination furnace comprising at least one such combustion chamber and an annular calcic or dolomitic rock calcination furnace, implementing a method according to the invention.
- Figure 1 schematically shows a projection not according to the invention of a pulverulent solid fuel jet in a conventional rotary kiln.
- FIG. 2 schematically represents a projection according to the invention of a pulverulent solid fuel in a combustion chamber, for example of an annular right annealing furnace.
- Figure 3a shows a schematic view in longitudinal section of a burner not according to the invention.
- Figure 3b shows an axial sectional view of a burner used for carrying out the method according to the invention.
- Figure 4a shows a schematic perspective view of a burner not according to the invention.
- FIG. 4b represents a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a burner that can be used for carrying out the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 4c represents a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of a burner that can be used for carrying out the method according to the invention.
- Figure 5 shows an axial sectional view of an annular right annealing furnace provided with lower combustion chambers implementing the method according to the invention.
- the oxidizer is in this case air.
- the specific flow rate of the burner (transport air + coal) is much higher than that of the oxidizer.
- FIG. 1 this combustion chamber 1 is schematically illustrated.
- the fuel is thrown by the burner 2 at a very high injection speed 3 and the injection cone 4 formed by the fuel projected out of the nose of the burner has a very tapered shape. Thanks to this high injection speed the oxidant 5, fed around the fuel jet, is sucked into it.
- a conventional annular right furnace for the calcination of calcareous or dolomitic rock comprises an outer cylinder 6 and an inner cylinder 7 forming an annular space 8 into which the material to be fired.
- the raw material is introduced from the top of the oven at 9 and the cooked product is discharged from below at 10.
- the fuel is injected at two levels, through several upper and lower combustion chambers 11 (from 4 to 6 chambers according to the capacity of the oven). In general, 1/3 of the fuel is injected into the chambers 11 and 2/3 in the chambers 12. All the fumes of the upper chambers 11 and a portion of the fumes of the lower chambers 12 are pulled upwards by a fan of draw 13, so against the flow of the material charge.
- FIG. 3b shows an axial section of a burner embodiment according to the invention.
- the burner comprises a sleeve 21 comprising a central conduit 20 through which the powdery solid fuel is fed.
- the sleeve 21 further comprises at least one additional conduit 23 through which fuel gas 26 can be supplied at the time of ignition of the furnace, and only at that time.
- An outer shell 22 surrounds the sleeve 21 and forms with it a space through which axial primary air 5 can be supplied to aid combustion.
- the outer casing 22 comprises a portion 19 whose internal diameter is progressively reduced towards the nose of the burner, and the sleeve comprises a portion 27 whose external diameter increases progressively towards the nose of the burner so as to reduce the space between nose of the outer casing 22 and the nose of the sleeve 21.
- This reduction in space between the outer casing 22 and the sleeve makes it possible to increase the injection speed of the axial primary air 5 in the combustion chamber without have to provide a high flow of axial primary air.
- the nose of the outer casing 22, the nose of the sleeve 21, the nose of the central duct 20 and the nose dudtt at least one additional duct 23 pass through a plane orthogonal to the axis 30 of the burner.
- the sleeve 21 comprises a central conduit 20 through which the solid powdery fuel is fed.
- the sleeve 21 further comprises an additional conduit 23 forming a thin annular space, through which fuel gas 26 can be supplied at the time of ignition of the oven, and only at that time.
- An outer shell 22 (not shown in FIG. 4b) surrounds the sleeve 21 and forms a space through which axial primary air can be supplied to aid combustion.
- FIG. 4c represents a perspective view of another embodiment of the burner according to the invention.
- the sleeve 21 comprises a central conduit 20 through which the solid powdery fuel is fed.
- the sleeve 21 further comprises a plurality of additional conduits 23 distributed around the central duct 20, these additional ducts 23 through which fuel gas 26 can be supplied at the time of ignition of the oven, and only at that time.
- An outer shell 22 (not shown in FIG. 4c) surrounds the sleeve 21 and forms a space through which axial primary air 5 can be supplied to aid combustion.
- a space reduction between the sleeve 21 and the outer casing 22 can be achieved only by decreasing the internal diameter of the casing 22 at the nose of the burner and keeping the external diameter of the sleeve 21 constant, or alternatively by increasing the outer diameter of the sleeve 21 at the nose of the burner while keeping the internal diameter of the envelope 22 constant.
- This reduction in space between the sleeve 21 and the envelope makes it possible to provide a higher primary air injection rate at the exit of the burner.
- the internal diameter of the casing 22, the outer diameter of the sleeve 21 and the space between the sleeve 21 and the outer casing remain constant.
- the axial primary air flow rate or the volume of the sleeve 21 or the volume of the inside of the casing 22 are adapted to allow the axial primary air to exit at a predetermined speed to the nose of the burner.
- Figure 5 shows a schematic of an annular furnace and includes a representation of an embodiment of a cylindrical combustion chamber 12 according to the invention.
- the combustion chamber comprises an inlet forming the casing 22 of the burner 18 and the axis 30 of the burner is preferably located in the axis 30 'of the cylindrical combustion chamber 12.
- the combustion chamber 12 further comprises a combustion gas inlet 31 located tangentially with respect to the axis 30 " 30 'of the burner and the cylindrical combustion chamber, as described above. The combustion gases are then removed from the combustion chamber by a conduit.
- the oxidant is in this case formed of recirculation gases.
- the injection speed of the fuel transported by air is obtained by passing through the conduit 20 which has a section of 0.001 m 2 .
- the "force" of the burner ie its specific flow rate (axial primary air + transport air + coal) is still slightly higher than that of the oxidant, but it is insufficient to suck the oxidant into the fuel. It is not to be compared with that of the rotary kiln described above. And so we observe an unsatisfactory combustion with an oven with the disadvantages described above.
- the oxidant is in this case formed of recirculation gases.
- the oxidant is in this case formed of recirculation gases.
- the oxidant is in this case formed of recirculation gases.
- This arrangement allows a residence time of the particles increased drastically in the combustion chamber and thus the oxygen is better available and the combustion is complete inside the combustion chamber.
- a clean movement of the burner can be added, either by adding rotating vanes in the powdery solid fuel circuit, or by adding rotating vanes to the transport air circuit or the axial primary air circuit, or still a combination of these measures. It is also possible to add, at the periphery of the burner, an additional air circuit rotated to assist in opening the cone for throwing the fuel into the chamber.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
HRP20220707TT HRP20220707T1 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2017-06-28 | Method for burning fuel in a cylindrical combustion chamber |
SI201731156T SI3475609T1 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2017-06-28 | Method for burning fuel in a cylindrical combustion chamber |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE20165489A BE1023896B1 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2016-06-28 | METHOD FOR FUEL COMBUSTION IN A TUBULAR COMBUSTION CHAMBER |
PCT/EP2017/066018 WO2018002151A1 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2017-06-28 | Method for burning fuel in a cylindrical combustion chamber |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3475609A1 true EP3475609A1 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
EP3475609B1 EP3475609B1 (en) | 2022-03-09 |
Family
ID=56551093
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17732472.0A Active EP3475609B1 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2017-06-28 | Method for burning fuel in a cylindrical combustion chamber |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3475609B1 (en) |
BE (2) | BE1023896B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2915900T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3053102B1 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP20220707T1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3475609T3 (en) |
SI (1) | SI3475609T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018002151A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3805640A1 (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2021-04-14 | S.A. Lhoist Recherche Et Developpement | Combustion chamber for an annular vertical shaft kiln and process of combustion in such a combustion chamber |
BE1028191B9 (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2021-11-30 | Lhoist Rech Et Developpement Sa | Lime or dolomite calcination process and annular upright furnace implemented |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4102610A1 (en) | 1991-01-25 | 1992-07-30 | Ver Kraftwerks Ag Peitz Nieder | Coal dust swirl burner - in which dust-prim. air mixt. in introduced in entry chamber housing provided with adjuster for influencing tangential speed |
JP2000257811A (en) | 1999-03-03 | 2000-09-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Method and device for burning pulverized coal, and pulverized coal burning burner |
DE10232373B4 (en) * | 2002-07-17 | 2009-04-02 | Schoppe, Fritz, Dr.-Ing. | Method for increasing the flame stability in pulverized coal firing and apparatus for carrying out the method |
JP2006518695A (en) * | 2003-02-24 | 2006-08-17 | ポスコ | Pulverized coal blowing method and burner apparatus for rotary calciner, quicklime production method and apparatus using the same |
PL2143998T3 (en) | 2008-07-11 | 2013-03-29 | Rheinkalk Gmbh | Burner unit for pulverulent fuel |
-
2016
- 2016-06-28 BE BE20165489A patent/BE1023896B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
2017
- 2017-06-28 BE BE20175460A patent/BE1024784B9/en active IP Right Grant
- 2017-06-28 HR HRP20220707TT patent/HRP20220707T1/en unknown
- 2017-06-28 WO PCT/EP2017/066018 patent/WO2018002151A1/en unknown
- 2017-06-28 PL PL17732472.0T patent/PL3475609T3/en unknown
- 2017-06-28 ES ES17732472T patent/ES2915900T3/en active Active
- 2017-06-28 EP EP17732472.0A patent/EP3475609B1/en active Active
- 2017-06-28 SI SI201731156T patent/SI3475609T1/en unknown
- 2017-06-28 FR FR1755949A patent/FR3053102B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HRP20220707T1 (en) | 2022-07-22 |
BE1024784B1 (en) | 2018-07-02 |
FR3053102B1 (en) | 2021-10-15 |
BE1024784A1 (en) | 2018-06-27 |
ES2915900T3 (en) | 2022-06-27 |
BE1023896B1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
EP3475609B1 (en) | 2022-03-09 |
WO2018002151A1 (en) | 2018-01-04 |
PL3475609T3 (en) | 2022-07-18 |
FR3053102A1 (en) | 2017-12-29 |
BE1024784B9 (en) | 2018-07-30 |
BE1024784A9 (en) | 2018-07-24 |
SI3475609T1 (en) | 2022-08-31 |
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