EP3472049A1 - Ensemble propulsif pour aéronef à traînée aérodynamique réduite - Google Patents
Ensemble propulsif pour aéronef à traînée aérodynamique réduiteInfo
- Publication number
- EP3472049A1 EP3472049A1 EP17736987.3A EP17736987A EP3472049A1 EP 3472049 A1 EP3472049 A1 EP 3472049A1 EP 17736987 A EP17736987 A EP 17736987A EP 3472049 A1 EP3472049 A1 EP 3472049A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nacelle
- external
- air flow
- lower beam
- beams
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000499489 Castor canadensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011779 Menyanthes trifoliata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D29/00—Power-plant nacelles, fairings, or cowlings
- B64D29/06—Attaching of nacelles, fairings or cowlings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
- B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
- B64D27/16—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants of jet type
- B64D27/18—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants of jet type within, or attached to, wings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of turbojet engine nacelles for high dilution rate aircraft.
- An aircraft is moved by several turbojets each housed in a nacelle.
- the propulsion unit constituted by a turbojet engine and the platform that receives it is shown in FIG. 1 to which reference is made.
- the propulsion unit 1 comprises a nacelle 3 supporting a turbojet engine 5.
- the propulsion unit 1 is connected to the fuselage of the aircraft (not visible) for example by means of a pylon 7 intended to be suspended under a wing of the aircraft.
- the nacelle 5 generally has a tubular structure comprising an upstream section 9 defining an air inlet upstream of the turbojet engine 5, a median section 11 intended to surround a fan of the turbojet engine, a downstream section 13 comprising an outer cowling 15 able to house a device thrust reverser and intended to surround the combustion chamber of the turbojet, and is generally terminated by an ejection nozzle whose output is located avaj turbojet.
- This nacelle houses the turbojet S which can be of the double flow type, able to generate through the blades of the rotating fan a flow of hot air (also called primary flow), from the combustion chamber of the turbojet, and a cold air flow (secondary flow) which circulates outside the turbojet engine through a vein 17 (half-vein 17a visible in FIG. 2), also called an annular channel, formed between a shroud of the turbojet engine and an inner wall 18 (internal half-wall 18a visible in Figure 2) of the outer structure 21 (external half-structure 2ia visible in Figure 2) of the nacelle.
- the two air flows are ejected from the turbojet engine from the rear of the nacelle.
- FIG. 2 there can be seen a right half-shell 13a of a nacelle which, together with a second semi-shell (not shown, obtained by symmetry with respect to a median plane of the nacelle), forms the downstream structure 13 of the nacelle adapted to come surround the combustion chamber of the turbojet engine (not shown in this figure).
- this downstream structure can incorporate thrust reversal means, it being understood that the invention also applies to the case of a nacelle smooth, that is to say devoid of means of inversion of thrust.
- the references AV and AR respectively designate the front (upstream) and rear (downstream) parts of the deml-shell 13a, with respect to the direction of the flow of air intended to circulate inside this half-shell 13a.
- this half-shell 13a has an internal half-structure 19a, defining a half-cavity C for receiving the turbojet engine (not shown).
- An internal structure 19 is obtained by assembling two internal half-structures 19a and 19b (only the half-structure 19a is visible in FIG. 2, the half-structure 19b being positioned symmetrically with the half-structure 19a with respect to the median plane of the nacelle).
- This half-shell 13a also comprises an external structure 21a defining, with the inner half-structure 19a, a half-vein 17a intended to be traversed by a cold air flow flowing between the front and the back of the half shell 13a and defining, with the half-vein obtained by symmetry with respect to the median plane of the nacelle, the vein 17 or annular channel.
- the connection of the engine to the aircraft is effected by means of a support structure comprising two upper half-longitudinal beams 23a, 23b (only the half-beam 23a is visible in FIG. 2, the half-beam 23b being positioned symmetrically to the half-beam 23a relative to the median plane of the nacelle), conventionally called beams 12 hours because of their position at the top of the nacelle and two lower half-beams 25a, 25b (only the half-beam 25a is visible in Figure 2, the half-beam 25b being positioned symmetrically to the half-beam 25a with respect to the median plane of the nacelle), conventionally called beams 6 hours because of their position in the lower part of the nacelle.
- the lower half-beams "6 hours" 25a, 25b are conventionally careened by means of fairing plates 26 (represented in FIG. 3 representing the nacelle 3 seen from below) intended to come into contact with the flow of external air flowing around the basket.
- the half-beams 12 hours and 6 hours are interconnected on the one hand via the internal structure 19 surrounding the turbojet and on the other hand by a substantially annular structure called front frame and generally formed of two half-frames before 27a, 27b (only the front half-frame 27a is visible in FIG. 2, the front half-frame 27b being positioned symmetrically to the front half-frame 27a with respect to the median plane of the pod) each extending between said half -poutres corresponding on both sides of the median plane of the nacelle.
- This front frame is intended to be attached to the periphery of a downstream edge of a casing of the engine blower and thus contribute to the recovery and transmission of forces between the different parts of the nacelle and the turbojet engine.
- a gate thrust reverser comprises two half-covers (forming the external cowling 15 visible in Figure 1) each mounted sliding on the upper half-beams 23a, 23b and lower 25a, 25b.
- the upper and lower half-girders are generally equipped with primary and secondary guide rails allowing a sliding movement of the half-covers of the thrust reverser with grids, on its associated half-beam between alternately a position of the direct jet thrust reverser according to which the half-covers provide the aerodynamic continuity of the nacelle and a position of the inverted jet thrust reverser in which the half-covers are moved downstream of the nacelle.
- the dilution ratio of a turbojet engine is defined by the ratio between the air mass of the cold air flow passing through the vein of the propulsion unit and the mass of the flow of hot air passing through the turbojet engine.
- a high dilution ratio for example a ratio of 10
- the diameter of the flow vane 17 of the cold air flow is increased compared with a motor with a lower dilution ratio.
- the increase in the diameter of the vein 17 results in a radial distance, relative to the longitudinal axis of the propulsion unit, of the lower half-girders "6 hours" 25a, 25b.
- FIGS. 3 to 5 show schematically, for a better understanding, this radial spacing of the lower half-beams "6 hours" 25a, 25b induced by the increase in the diameter of the vein 17.
- the radial distance of the lower half-girders 25a, 25b causes a radial distance of the fairing plates 26 (visible in Figure 3 illustrating the nacelle seen from below) fixed on the outer wall of the lower half-girders "6 hours" and coming in contact with an external air flow F ext flowing around the nacelle.
- FIG. 4 illustrating the downstream section 13 of the nacelle in longitudinal section on which there is shown an aerodynamic line 29 defined by the shroud plates 26 and an aerodynamic line 31 that would be obtained when the diameter of the vein 17 would have been increased in order to obtain a motor with a higher dilution rate.
- This increase in the diameter of the nacelle causes an increase in the size and mass of the nacelle. Moreover, it entails also directly an increase in the size of the "beavertail” or “six o'clock rear beam fairing", an Anglo-Saxon term used to designate the fairing 35 in the form of a "beaver tail" downstream of the nacelle and visible in FIGS. and 5. Increasing the size and mass of the nacelle and the "beavertail” will increase the aerodynamic drag of the nacelle.
- the present invention aims to solve the drawbacks of the prior art, and aims in particular to provide a nacelle for aircraft turbojet engine with a high dilution ratio, having reduced aerodynamic drag compared to nacelles of the prior art.
- the present invention relates to a nacelle for an aircraft turbojet, comprising:
- an external structure defining with said fixed internal structure, a flow vein of a secondary air flow
- said nacelle being remarkable in that an outer wall of the lower beam is designed to define at least partially an external aerodynamic line of the nacelle, intended to come into contact with an air flow external to said nacelle, said outer wall; the lower beam being further adapted to be tolerant of the damage caused by said external air flow.
- a nacelle whose outer wall of the lower beam is designed to at least partially define an aerodynamic external line of the nacelle and to be tolerant to damage caused by the air flow external to said nacelle, it removes the sheets aerodynamic fairing present in the prior art. This makes it possible to reduce the radial thickness of the lower beam with respect to the thickness obtained for a lower beam used in a turbojet engine of equivalent dilution ratio.
- the removal of aerofoil plates fairing provided in the prior art allows the lower beam "6 hours" to be directly in contact with the external air flow.
- the external air flow licks the lower beam 6 hours, which allows to cool more effectively the lower beam compared to the prior art.
- This is very advantageous because the zone of the propulsion unit in which is located the lower beam 6 hours is a hot zone of the propulsion unit. No additional cooling means of the beam is then necessary thanks to the present invention.
- the external structure of the nacelle of the invention houses thrust reversing means comprising at least one movable reverser cowl, and the lower and upper beams receive translational guide rails. of said movable inverter cover.
- the lower beam of the nacelle of the invention comprises two half-beams distributed symmetrically with respect to a median plane of the nacelle.
- the invention also relates to a propulsion unit for aircraft, remarkable in that it comprises a nacelle according to the invention and a turbojet engine supported by said nacelle, said turbojet engine having a dilution ratio of between 8 and 15.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a propulsive assembly in isometric view
- FIG. 2 represents a half-shell of downstream section of nacelle
- Figure 3 is a bottom view of the nacelle, centered on its downstream section
- FIG. 4 represents the downstream section of the nacelle in longitudinal section on which are represented the aerodynamic lines of the nacelle;
- Figure 5 is a side view of the downstream section of the nacelle;
- Figure 6 is a bottom view of the nacelle according to the invention, centered on its downstream section.
- FIG. 6 which shows a nacelle 100 according to the invention, seen from below.
- the nacelle according to the present invention differs from that presented with reference to Figures 1 to 5 in that the "six-hour" lower beam 125 has an outer wall 126 designed to at least partially define an aerodynamic external line of the nacelle.
- the expression "designed to define at least partially an aerodynamic external line of the nacelle” is understood to mean the characteristic according to which the beam 125 joins the external aerodynamic line 129 of the nacelle. In other words, it is directly the outer wall 126 of the lower beam 125 which is intended to come into contact with an external air flow F ext to said nacelle.
- the lower beam 125 is thus designed to be tolerant to the damage caused by the external air flow F ext flowing around the nacelle 100.
- the removal of aerofoil fairing sheets provided in the prior art allows the lower beam 125 to be directly in contact with the external air flow F ext .
- the external air flow F ext licks the lower beam 125, which allows to cool more effectively the lower beam 125 relative to the prior art.
- This is very advantageous because the zone of the propulsion unit in which the lower beam 125 is located is a hot zone of the propulsion unit. No additional cooling means of the beam is then necessary thanks to the present invention.
- the lower beam 125 comprises, like the lower beam 25 of the prior art, two lower half-beams 125a, 125b distributed symmetrically with respect to the median plane of the nacelle.
- Each lower half-beam 125a, 125b can receive guide rails in translation of the mobile inverter cover when the downstream section of the nacelle houses a thrust reverser device.
- the upper half-beams 23a, 23b defining the upper beam 23 then also receive guide rails in translation of the movable inverter cover.
- the present invention is intended to be implemented preferably on small nacelles, that is to say nacelles having an air inlet diameter of the order of 180 centimeters.
- nacelles having an air inlet diameter of the order of 180 centimeters.
- this size is only given as an indication and the present invention can quite be implemented on nacelles of different size, having a diameter in particular between 100 cm and 300 cm.
- the present invention also relates to a propulsion unit comprising a nacelle according to the invention supporting a turbojet having a dilution ratio preferably comprised between 8 and 15.
- a propulsion unit comprising a nacelle according to the invention supporting a turbojet having a dilution ratio preferably comprised between 8 and 15.
- the present invention is not limited to the forms of realization of this nacelle and this propulsion unit, described above only as illustrative examples, but it embraces on the contrary all variants involving the technical equivalents of the means described and their combinations if they fall within the scope of the invention.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1655684A FR3052746B1 (fr) | 2016-06-17 | 2016-06-17 | Ensemble propulsif pour aeronef, a trainee aerodynamique reduite |
PCT/FR2017/051508 WO2017216463A1 (fr) | 2016-06-17 | 2017-06-13 | Ensemble propulsif pour aéronef à traînée aérodynamique réduite |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3472049A1 true EP3472049A1 (fr) | 2019-04-24 |
Family
ID=57137019
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17736987.3A Ceased EP3472049A1 (fr) | 2016-06-17 | 2017-06-13 | Ensemble propulsif pour aéronef à traînée aérodynamique réduite |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10696415B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3472049A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3052746B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2017216463A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116674758B (zh) * | 2022-04-28 | 2024-05-24 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | 一种非接触式飞发搭接结构设计方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5369954A (en) * | 1991-04-22 | 1994-12-06 | General Electric Company | Turbofan engine bypass and exhaust system |
US20150098810A1 (en) * | 2013-10-07 | 2015-04-09 | Rohr, Inc. | Hybrid inner fixed structure with metallic and composite construction |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2799796B1 (fr) * | 1999-10-14 | 2002-08-30 | Hispano Suiza Sa | Inverseur de poussee de turboreacteur a portes a pivots centres |
US9897007B2 (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2018-02-20 | Rohr, Inc. | Thrust reverser-integrated track beam and inner fixed structure |
-
2016
- 2016-06-17 FR FR1655684A patent/FR3052746B1/fr active Active
-
2017
- 2017-06-13 EP EP17736987.3A patent/EP3472049A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2017-06-13 WO PCT/FR2017/051508 patent/WO2017216463A1/fr unknown
-
2018
- 2018-12-17 US US16/222,266 patent/US10696415B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5369954A (en) * | 1991-04-22 | 1994-12-06 | General Electric Company | Turbofan engine bypass and exhaust system |
US20150098810A1 (en) * | 2013-10-07 | 2015-04-09 | Rohr, Inc. | Hybrid inner fixed structure with metallic and composite construction |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2017216463A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3052746B1 (fr) | 2019-05-03 |
US10696415B2 (en) | 2020-06-30 |
WO2017216463A1 (fr) | 2017-12-21 |
US20190202574A1 (en) | 2019-07-04 |
FR3052746A1 (fr) | 2017-12-22 |
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