EP3467427A1 - Munition mit verbesserter leistung - Google Patents

Munition mit verbesserter leistung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3467427A1
EP3467427A1 EP17275156.2A EP17275156A EP3467427A1 EP 3467427 A1 EP3467427 A1 EP 3467427A1 EP 17275156 A EP17275156 A EP 17275156A EP 3467427 A1 EP3467427 A1 EP 3467427A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
monolithic body
band
barrel
bands
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP17275156.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
designation of the inventor has not yet been filed The
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BAE Systems PLC
Original Assignee
BAE Systems PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BAE Systems PLC filed Critical BAE Systems PLC
Priority to EP17275156.2A priority Critical patent/EP3467427A1/de
Priority to PCT/GB2018/052796 priority patent/WO2019069064A1/en
Priority to NZ763194A priority patent/NZ763194A/en
Priority to EP18779012.6A priority patent/EP3692325B1/de
Priority to JP2020519315A priority patent/JP6922087B2/ja
Priority to US16/652,143 priority patent/US11035654B2/en
Publication of EP3467427A1 publication Critical patent/EP3467427A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/02—Driving bands; Rotating bands
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/16—Barrels or gun tubes characterised by the shape of the bore
    • F41A21/18—Grooves-Rifling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing
    • F42B12/78—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing of jackets for smallarm bullets ; Jacketed bullets or projectiles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a combination of a gun having a rifled barrel and a round of enhanced performance ammunition, and to a projectile for use in the combination.
  • the invention is especially, but not exclusively related to an improved form of projectile for small arms ammunition.
  • a projectile with a nominal calibre for use in a rifled barrel, the projectile comprising: a monolithic body, said monolithic body comprising
  • the at least three bands may each have a width in the range of from 17% to 23% of the nominal calibre of the projectile.
  • the nominal width of the band is in the highly preferred range of from 0.85 to 1.15mm, preferably 0.95mm to 1.05mm, preferably nominally 1mm.
  • Preferably all three bands have substantially the same width.
  • the at least three bands in a preferred arrangement may protrude above the elongate cylindrical core at a height in the range of from 0.5% to 4% of the nominal calibre of the projectile, more preferably in the range of from 1.5% to 2.5% of the nominal calibre.
  • the bands have a leading edge towards the ogival section and a rear edge, located towards the boat tail section.
  • the third band is located rearwardly of the ogival section, at a distance from the point of intersection, in the range of from 80% to 120%, more preferably, 85% to 100%, more preferably 85% to 95% of the nominal calibre of the projectile.
  • the distance is measured from the leading edge of the third band to the point of intersection.
  • Preferably the distance from the leading edge of the third band to the point of intersection is less than the nominal calibre of the munition.
  • the elongate cylindrical core has substantially parallel sides, and the point of intersection is the point where the sides of the elongate cylindrical core are substantially first parallel.
  • the second band is located between the first and third bands.
  • the second band is proximate to the first band towards the rear of the monolithic body, preferably at a distance from the third band in the range of from 17% to 23% of the nominal calibre of the projectile, most preferably for a 5.56mm round the distance between the second band and third band is substantially a width of a band.
  • the material selected for the projectile monolithic body will depend partly upon the function which the projectile is to perform, but in the case of enhanced performance ammunition may be greater than a Vickers Hardness of 550 HV, more preferably greater than 570 HV.
  • the projectile body may be made from any material which has a high Vickers Hardness, such as metals, ceramics, carbides, and borides.
  • the metals may be selected from steel, tungsten, alloys of tungsten.
  • Carbides may be selected from tungsten carbide. Preferably hardened steel.
  • the deformable jacket or coating surrounds the monolithic body, which defines an outer diameter of said projectile.
  • the coating may be an electrodeposited coating, however the deposition techniques are designed to provide a metal which closely aligns to the monolithic body, and therefore removes the small cavities which exist between the ogival portion and the leading edge of the third band when a jacket is used.
  • the advantage of the deposited coating is that it provides better transfer of spin from the outer metal coating to the monolithic body.
  • the deformable jacket may typically be a gilding metal jacket, typically copper or alloys thereof.
  • the jacket may comprise, a metal jacket, formed from an extrudable outer sheath which is pressed through a series of dies, and forms around the monolithic body.
  • the jacket is located over the monolithic body, such that there are cavities created between the jacket and the monolithic body.
  • the jacket may touch the monolithic body at the point of intersection and the leading edge of the third band, thereby creating a cavity under the jacket. Further there is a cavity created between the jacket and the monolithic body as there is only contact at the rear edge of the first band and the leading edge of the second band. There is a yet further cavity created between the jacket and the monolithic body as there is only contact at the rear edge of the second band and the leading edge of the third band.
  • the outer diameter of said projectile is substantially equal to an internal diameter of the barrel defined by the lands, and wherein during firing of the projectile the lands of the rifling in the barrel deform the deformable jacket or coating into the grooves defined between the at least three bands on the elongate cylindrical core of the body, and between the point of intersection and the leading edge of the third band.
  • deformation of the jacket is designed to provide the projectile with an interference fit with the rifling lands rifling so as to provide effective obturation by restricting or preventing the escape of propellant gases past the projectile via the rifling grooves.
  • the combination provides an arrangement such that wherein upon firing deformation of the jacket or coating provides the projectile with an interference fit with the rifling lands rifling so as to provide effective obturation by restricting or preventing the escape of propellant gases past the projectile via the rifling grooves.
  • the projectile will also have an ogival nose portion of the body forward of said substantially elongate cylindrical core, although other forms are possible.
  • the body of the projectile (i.e. excluding the deformable jacket) should have a diameter which is not greater than that defined by the rifling lands.
  • the deformable jacket or deposited coating, of the projectile has an outer diameter which is designed so that upon firing of the projectile the rifling lands engage the deformable jacket which is designed to deform into the groove air gaps between said at least three bands and the point of intersection.
  • the engagement of the deformable jacket with the rifling lands induces spin in the projectile due to the twist of the rifling.
  • This deformation gives the projectile an interference fit with the rifling so as also to provide effective obturation by restricting or preventing the escape of propellant gases past the projectile via the rifling grooves.
  • the length and precise diameter of the projectile is designed to provide the best fit.
  • steel is a suitable material, as it is inexpensive and can be readily formed into the desired shape, eg. by a cold-forming process.
  • the enhanced performance round according to the invention was compared to a NATO standard round, the SS109 bullet as employed in 5.56mm Ball (NATO) ammo.
  • the rounds were fired using the same propellant and from the same length barrel on a test rig.
  • Hardened steel core 570HV nominal 5.56mm calibre. Distance from point of intersection to leading edge of third band 4.85mm. Band height 0.125mm, distance between second band and first band 1.0mm, mass of monolithic body 2.3g.
  • the use of a monolithic body, with a high Vickers Hardness provides improved penetration and defeat, the use of narrow ranges of locations of the at least three bands and point of intersection, provides the outer jacket the ability to deform into the grooves located between the said at least three bands and point of intersection; to ensure both a gas tight seal and sufficient thickness to prevent the rifling bands impinging on the monolithic body
  • the invention is particularly but not exclusively applicable to small arms weapons systems, having a nominal calibre of 20mm or less, such as for example, 12.7mm, 9mm or less, such as 7.62mm, 5.56mm and 4.6mm.
  • a small arms monolithic body 1 comprising an elongate cylindrical core 3, an ogival portion 2, and a rearwardly located boat tailed portion 4.
  • the ogival portion 2 abuts the elongate cylindrical core 3, at the point of intersection 11.
  • the point of intersection 11 is the point where the elongate cylindrical core has substantially parallel sides.
  • the third band 5c is located rearwardly, from the point of intersection 11, at a distance 9 in the range of from 80% to 120% of said nominal calibre. The distance 9 is nominally taken from the leading edge 10 to the point of intersection 11.
  • the boat tail section 4 abuts the elongate cylindrical core 3, at the rear edge 12 of the first band 5a.
  • the second band 5b is located between the first band 5a and third band 5c.
  • the gap 7 between the first band 5a and second band 5b is preferably less than the gap between the second band 5b and the third band 5c, more preferably the gap 7 is substantially the same as one width of a band 6.
  • the bands are preferably all the same width 6, and protrude radially outwards a height 13.
  • Preferably the at least three bands are uniform in their width and height.
  • the monolithic body 1 is of elongate form and may preferably be cold formed from steel having a Vickers Hardness of at least 550, more preferably 570HV. It can subsequently be given a heat treatment to provide the desired hardness or other physical properties.
  • the projectile is highly effective at penetration of targets such as titanium/kevlar body armour. Moreover, the hardness also serves to minimise ablation of the projectile tip profile, thus further contributing to its effectiveness in target penetration.
  • Figure 2 show the projectile 20 which comprises the monolithic body 21 (as exemplified in Fig 1 ), with a jacket 22, located thereon.
  • the leading edge 125c of the third band 25c (see figure 2a ) and the point of intersection 29 form two contact points, such that when the jacket is applied it forms a cavity 28c.
  • the at least three bands 25a, 25b and 25c provide grooves 28b and 28c, such that when the jacket 22 is compressed when it impacts on the rifling of the barrel ( fig 3 ), the copper jacket 22 deforms into the grooves 28a, 28b and 28c.
  • the jacket 22 has a thickness 24, selected to provide the desired outer diameter for the nominal calibre of the gun form which it is to be fired.
  • the jacket 22 When the monolithic body 21 and deformable jacket 22 passes from the gun chamber into the rifled part of the barrel, by virtue of its outer diameter 26, the jacket 22 is deformed by the lands of a rifled barrel into the corresponding groove air gaps 28a, 28b and 28c corresponding to the at least three band 25a, 25b, 25c and point of intersection 29.
  • the outer diameter 26 of the jacket material 22 should be substantially equal to the diameter of any rifling grooves (not shown).
  • the presence of the grooves 28a, 28b, 28c facilitates the necessary deformation of the jacket 22, thus enabling the rifle engraving to take place with a substantially reduced axial force.
  • the fact that the jacket material can deform into the grooves contributes considerably to a dramatic reduction in the axial force required for engraving to occur.
  • the monolithic body 21 is covered by a jacket, which is extruded over the monolithic body, and creates a cavity 26.
  • the invention is particularly but not exclusively applicable to small arms ammunition.
  • the invention has been successfully applied to 5.56mm gun and ammunition.
  • the round of ammunition comprising the assembled primed and filled cartridge case 33, together with a projectile 31 are fired from a gun having a rifled barrel 34, in the conventional manner, i.e. by chambering the round within the gun chamber 35, and arranging for the primer cap (not shown) to be struck by a firing pin.
  • the diameter of the monolithic body 21 and associated jacket 22 should preferably be substantially equal to or less than the diameter of the rifling grooves 38, while the grooves 32 (which are formed between the bands 25(a-c) and point of intersection, can have substantially the same diameter as the barrel diameter.
  • the presence of the grooves 32 facilitates the necessary deformation of the jacket 22, thus enabling the engraving to take place with a substantially reduced axial force.
  • the fact that the jacket 22 can deform into the grooves 32 contributes considerably to a dramatic reduction in the axial force required for engraving to occur.
  • the jacket 22 is of a malleable material which can be copper or a copper alloy and could additionally comprise an outer layer of a low-friction material such as molybdenum disulphide.
  • This jacket 22 is of a thickness greater than the depth of the rifling grooves, and is of a relatively softer material than that of the monolithic body 21, it can also engrave more readily, and thus contribute for this reason also to a reduction in the engraving force required. Because the jacket 22 is thicker than the depth of rifling, engraving can take place entirely within the coating so that the hard metal of the monolithic body 21 is kept substantially out of contact with the material forming the rifling of the gun barrel. Therefore, despite the hardness of the material forming the main part of the monolithic body 21, barrel wear from this factor is minimised.
EP17275156.2A 2017-10-03 2017-10-03 Munition mit verbesserter leistung Ceased EP3467427A1 (de)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17275156.2A EP3467427A1 (de) 2017-10-03 2017-10-03 Munition mit verbesserter leistung
PCT/GB2018/052796 WO2019069064A1 (en) 2017-10-03 2018-10-01 MUNITION WITH IMPROVED PERFORMANCE
NZ763194A NZ763194A (en) 2017-10-03 2018-10-01 Enhanced performance ammunition
EP18779012.6A EP3692325B1 (de) 2017-10-03 2018-10-01 Munition mit verbesserter leistung
JP2020519315A JP6922087B2 (ja) 2017-10-03 2018-10-01 増強性能弾薬
US16/652,143 US11035654B2 (en) 2017-10-03 2018-10-01 Enhanced performance ammunition

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17275156.2A EP3467427A1 (de) 2017-10-03 2017-10-03 Munition mit verbesserter leistung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3467427A1 true EP3467427A1 (de) 2019-04-10

Family

ID=60083224

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17275156.2A Ceased EP3467427A1 (de) 2017-10-03 2017-10-03 Munition mit verbesserter leistung

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3467427A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2582564A (en) * 2019-03-25 2020-09-30 Bae Systems Plc Enhanced performance ammunition
US11680781B2 (en) 2019-03-25 2023-06-20 Bae Systems Plc Enhanced performance ammunition
WO2024047034A1 (de) * 2022-08-29 2024-03-07 Rws Gmbh Geschoss mit reduzierter laufbelastung

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29516889U1 (de) * 1995-04-27 1996-01-25 Bofors Carl Gustaf Ab Überkalibriges Gewehrgeschoß
US5686693A (en) * 1992-06-25 1997-11-11 Jakobsson; Bo Soft steel projectile
WO2007022612A1 (en) * 2005-08-22 2007-03-01 Snc Technologies Inc. Non-toxic jacketed ammunition
WO2015059282A1 (de) * 2013-10-25 2015-04-30 Ruag Ammotec Gmbh Patrone
US20160153757A1 (en) * 2014-04-30 2016-06-02 Joshua Mahnke Projectile with Enhanced Ballistics

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5686693A (en) * 1992-06-25 1997-11-11 Jakobsson; Bo Soft steel projectile
DE29516889U1 (de) * 1995-04-27 1996-01-25 Bofors Carl Gustaf Ab Überkalibriges Gewehrgeschoß
WO2007022612A1 (en) * 2005-08-22 2007-03-01 Snc Technologies Inc. Non-toxic jacketed ammunition
WO2015059282A1 (de) * 2013-10-25 2015-04-30 Ruag Ammotec Gmbh Patrone
US20160153757A1 (en) * 2014-04-30 2016-06-02 Joshua Mahnke Projectile with Enhanced Ballistics

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2582564A (en) * 2019-03-25 2020-09-30 Bae Systems Plc Enhanced performance ammunition
GB2582564B (en) * 2019-03-25 2022-11-30 Bae Systems Plc Enhanced performance ammunition
US11680781B2 (en) 2019-03-25 2023-06-20 Bae Systems Plc Enhanced performance ammunition
WO2024047034A1 (de) * 2022-08-29 2024-03-07 Rws Gmbh Geschoss mit reduzierter laufbelastung

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