EP3464028A1 - Modular rolling chassis for a vehicle - Google Patents

Modular rolling chassis for a vehicle

Info

Publication number
EP3464028A1
EP3464028A1 EP17801863.6A EP17801863A EP3464028A1 EP 3464028 A1 EP3464028 A1 EP 3464028A1 EP 17801863 A EP17801863 A EP 17801863A EP 3464028 A1 EP3464028 A1 EP 3464028A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pair
bulkhead
subframe
cooling
battery compartments
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17801863.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3464028A4 (en
Inventor
Rodney J. TRENNE
Rich Winston HOYLE
Henry Richard REISNER
Edward Russell THEOBALD
Jerry KROLL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electrameccanica Vehicles Corp
Original Assignee
Electrameccanica Vehicles Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Electrameccanica Vehicles Corp filed Critical Electrameccanica Vehicles Corp
Publication of EP3464028A1 publication Critical patent/EP3464028A1/en
Publication of EP3464028A4 publication Critical patent/EP3464028A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/06—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with air cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/10—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted in which the main member is plate-like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D61/00—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern
    • B62D61/06—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern with only three wheels
    • B62D61/065—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern with only three wheels with single rear wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B60K2001/0472—Removal or replacement of the energy storages from below
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a modular rolling chassis for a vehicle.
  • composites can be a desirable material choice; however, they can be demanding to form into custom parts, particularly for lower volume manufacturing.
  • Such lightweight vehicles can require particular attention to weight distribution (centre of gravity) and to torsional and bending rigidity.
  • the present invention is directed to this need.
  • a vehicle chassis having a platform frame with a front bulkhead and a rear bulkhead, a front subframe mountable to the front bulkhead, a rear subframe mountable to the rear bulkhead, and a controls module operatively coupleable to the front subframe through the front bulkhead, wherein the platform frame further includes a pair of lateral battery compartments extending from the front bulkhead to the rear bulkhead, and adapted to removably receive a battery module for electrical connection to at least one of the rear subframe and the front subframe.
  • the platform frame may be constructed from composite panels.
  • the platform frame may include a cockpit portion between the pair of lateral battery compartments, the pair of lateral battery compartments may have at least one cooling intake and at least one cooling exhaust, and the at least one cooling intake may be connected to receive air from the cockpit portion.
  • the cockpit portion may form a structural support member.
  • the at least one cooling intake may be located proximate the front bulkhead and the at least one cooling exhaust located proximate the rear bulkhead, the at least one cooling exhaust perhaps including an exhaust fan, such that air received at the cooling intake flows rearward through the pair of lateral battery compartments and is exhausted proximate the rear bulkhead.
  • the pair of lateral battery compartments would be thermally sealed from the cockpit portion. The air received from the cockpit portion might have been climate controlled in the cockpit portion.
  • the chassis may further include a battery module, having a pair of elongated trays adapted to be removably received within the pair of lateral battery compartments of the platform frame, and a plurality of batteries, connected together in an electrical circuit as a source of power, supported on the pair of elongated trays. At least one of or in combination the pair of elongated trays and the plurality of batteries may form a structural support member.
  • the rear subframe may support: a motor controller, electrically connectable to receive power from a battery module received within the lateral battery compartments, a motor, electrically connected to the motor controller, a swingarm, a drive wheel depending from the swing arm, and a drivetrain coupling the motor to the drive wheel.
  • the motor controller may further be electrically connectable to the controls module.
  • the rear subframe may further support a cooling duct between the motor and the motor controller, to conduct air propelled by the motor to the motor controller for cooling.
  • the front subframe may support: an independent suspension, a pair of freewheeling hubs at opposite ends of the independent suspension, each of the hubs being adapted to retain a leading wheel, and a steering linkage operatively connected to the hubs.
  • the controls module may include a steering column, the steering linkage may include a single, central universal joint, and the steering column may be operatively coupleable to the steering linkage through the universal joint.
  • the steering column may be mounted to a column support bracket and the column support bracket may be mountable to the front bulkhead to form a structural support member.
  • At least one of or a combination of the front bulkhead, the rear bulkhead and the pair of lateral battery compartments extending therebetween may form a structural support member.
  • at least one of or a combination of the front subframe and the rear subframe may form a structural support member.
  • Figure 1 is a top front right oblique view of an embodiment of a rolling chassis according to aspects of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a bottom, rear, right oblique view of the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a top plan view of the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a longitudinal section view of the embodiment of Figure 1, viewed from the cutting plane 4-4 shown on Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 is a longitudinal section view of the embodiment of Figure 1, viewed from the cutting plane 5-5 shown on Figure 3.
  • Figure 6 is a right elevation detail view of a front subframe and a controls module of the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • Figure 7 is a top front right oblique view of the front subframe and the controls module shown in Figure 6.
  • Figure S is a bottom, rear, right oblique view of the front subframe and the controls module shown in Figure 6.
  • Figure 9 is an exploded right elevation view of the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • Figure 10 is an exploded top front right oblique view of the embodiment of
  • Figure 11 is an exploded bottom, rear, right oblique view of the embodiment of
  • Figure 12 is a front elevation detail view of a fastener for fastening composite panels in the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • Figure 13 is a right elevation detail view of the fastener shown in Figure 12.
  • Figure 14 is a top plan detail view of the fastener shown in Figure 12.
  • Figure 15 is a top, front, right oblique detail view of the fastener shown in
  • Figure 16 is a top, front, left oblique detail view of the fastener shown in
  • Figure 17 is a bottom, front, right oblique detail view of the fastener shown in
  • Figure 18 is a bottom, front, left oblique detail view of the fastener shown in
  • Figures 1-18 show a modular rolling chassis for a vehicle, according to one embodiment of the present invention, generally illustrated at 100.
  • the chassis is formed on a platform frame 110, and further includes a rear subframe 140, a front subframe 160 and a controls module 180.
  • composite panels formed for example as fiberglass skin over an aluminum honeycomb core, are a suitable material in the manufacture of portions of the chassis 100, as will be described further below.
  • Panel core might also be formed from NomexTM (a meta-aramid polymer), foam, titanium, plastic or wood, for example.
  • Panel skins might also be formed from carbon fibre, KevlarTM, (a para-aramid synthetic fibre), aluminum, titanium, steel, stainless steel, or wood, for example.
  • Such composite panels provide strength in tension and compression, while permitting bending and folding; they can be formed by casting, cutting and more generally machining, to achieve desired sizes, shapes, configurations and characteristics. In this regard, such panels can be readily available in standard sizes and other properties, or custom manufactured to specification. [0024] The careful deployment of such composite panels can yield a chassis
  • An analogy can be drawn to a pizza box formed from a sheet of corrugated fiberboard that is cut to shape and then folded into a three-dimensional box.
  • the platform frame 110 may be formed from readily available or manufactured composite panels 112, cut or otherwise formed to the desired size and shape, connected together by fasteners 114 (detailed in Figures 12- 18), for example, as illustrated, fasteners commonly used in aerospace manufacturing, or adhesives or welds for example.
  • the platform frame 110 is formed as a platform 116 supporting a plurality of longitudinal joists 118 fastened thereto, and to both of which are fastened a front bulkhead 120 and a rear bulkhead 122.
  • the platform frame 110 further includes a pair of lateral battery compartments 124 extending from the front bulkhead to the rear bulkhead, and adapted to removably receive a battery module 200 for electrical connection to at least one of the rear subframe 140 and the front subframe 160.
  • the platform frame 110 further includes a cockpit portion 126 between the pair of lateral battery compartments 124, the cockpit portion 126 may form a structural support member of the platform frame 110, providing additional torsional and bending stiffness to the chassis 100.
  • the front bulkhead 120, the rear bulkhead 122 and the pair of lateral battery compartments 124 extending therebetween may individually or in combination form a structural support member of the platform frame, providing additional torsional and bending stiffness to the chassis 100.
  • the pair of lateral battery compartments 124 has at least one cooling intake (not shown) and at least one cooling exhaust 130, the cooling intake being connected to receive air from the cockpit portion 126, for example climate controlled air.
  • the cooling intake may be located proximate the front bulkhead 120 and the cooling exhaust 130 located proximate the rear bulkhead 122, such that air received at the cooling intake may flow rearward through the pair of lateral battery compartments 124 and be exhausted proximate the rear bulkhead 122, in this regard, the cooling exhaust 130 may include an exhaust fan 132.
  • the pair of lateral battery compartments 124 may be thermally sealed from the cockpit portion 126, such that the battery module 200 does not itself need to be sealed from the ambient environment.
  • the battery module 200 includes a pair of elongated trays 202 adapted to be removably received within the pair of lateral battery compartments 124 of the platform frame 110 and a number of batteries 204, connected together in an electrical circuit as a source of power, supported on the pair of elongated trays.
  • the trays 202 and the batteries 204 may on their own or in combination form a structural support member, providing additional torsional and bending stiffness to the chassis 100.
  • the heavy batteries 204 (and the relatively light composite panels 112) also lower the centre of gravity of the chassis 100.
  • the battery module 200 could have electrical contacts 206 for ready electrical connection to at least one of the rear subframe 140 and the front subframe 160, for example contacts 206 on the pair of elongated trays 202.
  • the battery module 200 may further include mounting hardware 208, for example straps, for retaining the batteries 204 in the pair of elongated trays 202.
  • the front bulkhead 120 may support a windscreen frame 134 and the rear bulkhead 122 may support a roof panel 136 that is foldable to connect to the windscreen frame 134 to enclose the cockpit portion 126.
  • the rear subframe 140 is mountable to the rear bulkhead 122 and can support components such as a motor controller 142 electrically connectable to receive power from a battery module 200, a motor 144, electrically connected to the motor controller 142, a swing arm 146 which may be a swing arm as disclosed in co- pending International application PCT/CA2017/050321 filed lOMarch 2017, which is incorporated herein by reference, a drive wheel 148 depending from the swing arm 146, and a drivetrain 150 coupling the motor 144 to the drive wheel 148.
  • the motor controller 142 may be electrically connectable to the controls module 180 such that a user may use the controls module 180 to direct the motor controller 142.
  • the motor controller 142 is mounted to the sub-frame 140 just above the motor 144. It regulates the torque/power going the motor 144 to control speed and acceleration of the vehicle.
  • the rear subframe 140 can form a structural support member, providing additional torsional and bending stiffness to the chassis 100.
  • a metal sub-frame 141 used to mount the seat belt D-ring is supported on rear subframe 140.
  • the rear subframe 140 may further support a cooling duct 152 between the motor 144 and the motor controller 142, to conduct air propelled by the motor 144 to the motor controller 142 for cooling. Cooling duct 152 is a small duct connecting the motor controller 142 to the motor.
  • the motor 144 draws air over the motor controller 142 via cooling duct 152.
  • the rear subframe 140 may be formed from readily available or manufactured composite panels 112, cut or otherwise formed to the desired size and shape, connected together by fasteners 114 or welds for example.
  • the front subframe 160 is mountable to the front bulkhead 120 and can support components such as an independent suspension 162, a pair of freewheeling hubs 164 at opposite ends of the independent suspension 162, each of the hubs 164 being adapted to retain a leading wheel 166, and a steering linkage 170 operatively connected to the hubs 164, and a braking system 168 operatively connected to the hubs 164.
  • the steering linkage 170 may include a single, central universal joint 172.
  • the front subframe 160 can form a structural support member, providing additional torsional and bending stiffness to the chassis 100.
  • the front subframe 160 may be formed from readily available or manufactured composite panels 112, cut or otherwise formed to the desired size and shape, connected together by fasteners 114 or welds for example.
  • the controls module 180 includes a steering column 182 and a column support bracket 184 to which the steering column 182 can be mounted.
  • the column support bracket 184 is mountable to the front bulkhead 120 to form a structural support member, in place of a cross-car beam, for example.
  • the steering column 182 is operatively coupleable to the steering linkage 170 through the universal joint 172.
  • the controls module 180 may include other controls, for example a brake controller 186 operatively coupleable to the braking system 168. (b) Operation of Specific Embodiments
  • the platform frame 110 may be manufactured from composite panels
  • the composite panel 112 and fasteners 114 instead of more demanding custom-formed composite pieces.
  • the composite panel 112 need merely be cut to size and shape and drilled as needed and then easily assembled together into a platform frame 110 by simple fastening operations.
  • the battery module 200 may be manufactured elsewhere and delivered for subsequent assembly into the rolling chassis 100. Similarly, for maintenance, an expired battery module 200 may be easily removed rearwardly from the battery compartment 124 and a replacement battery module 200 inserted in its place. In this regard, batteries 204 would be wired together as appropriate and supported onto the pair of elongated trays 202. The batteries 204 could be further retained in the pair of elongated trays 202 with mounting hardware 208.
  • the battery module 200 may be placed in electrical connection with at least one of the rear subframe 140 and the front subframe 160 via contacts 206.
  • the rear subframe 140 and the front subframe 160, and their supported components, could similarly be manufactured elsewhere and delivered for subsequent assembly into the rolling chassis 100. As with the battery module 200, such modular assembly may also be advantageous for maintenance or repair.
  • the rear subframe 140 and the front subframe 160 can be simply fastened to the rear bulkhead 122 and front bulkhead 120 respectively, composite panel 112 to composite panel 112, with fasteners 114.
  • Fasteners 114 are standard panel fasteners such as the threaded inserts manufactured by Witten Company, Inc. which are potted into place.
  • the controls module 180 could similarly be manufactured elsewhere and delivered for subsequent assembly into the rolling chassis 100. As with the battery module 200, the rear subframe 140 and the front subframe 160, such modular assembly may also be advantageous for maintenance or repair.
  • the column support bracket 184 can be mounted to the front bulkhead 120 to form a structural support member and the steering column 182 can be operatively coupled to the steering linkage 170 through the universal joint 172.
  • other controls such as the brake controller 186 can be operatively coupled, for example to the braking system 168.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a modular way to build a rolling chassis using composite materials without custom forming, and yielding appropriate weight distribution (centre of gravity) and torsional and bending rigidity.

Description

MODULAR ROLLING CHASSIS FOR A VEHICLE
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] The present application claims the benefits, under 35 U.S.C.§ 119(e), of U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 62/341,781 filed May 26, 2016 entitled "Modular Rolling Chassis for a Vehicle", which is incorporated herein by this reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION FIELD
[0002] The present invention relates to a modular rolling chassis for a vehicle.
Description of Related Art
[0003] The design and manufacturing of vehicles can be a complex process. Efficiencies can be achieved through modular construction, which allows each module to be refined and manufactured where most cost-effective, after which the modules can be finally assembled together.
[0004] For lightweight yet robust vehicles, for example electric vehicles, composites can be a desirable material choice; however, they can be demanding to form into custom parts, particularly for lower volume manufacturing. Such lightweight vehicles can require particular attention to weight distribution (centre of gravity) and to torsional and bending rigidity.
[0005] Accordingly, what is needed is a modular way to build a rolling chassis using composite materials without custom forming, and yielding appropriate weight distribution (centre of gravity) and torsional and bending rigidity. SUMMARY
[0006] The present invention is directed to this need.
[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle chassis having a platform frame with a front bulkhead and a rear bulkhead, a front subframe mountable to the front bulkhead, a rear subframe mountable to the rear bulkhead, and a controls module operatively coupleable to the front subframe through the front bulkhead, wherein the platform frame further includes a pair of lateral battery compartments extending from the front bulkhead to the rear bulkhead, and adapted to removably receive a battery module for electrical connection to at least one of the rear subframe and the front subframe.
[0008] The platform frame may be constructed from composite panels.
[0009] The platform frame may include a cockpit portion between the pair of lateral battery compartments, the pair of lateral battery compartments may have at least one cooling intake and at least one cooling exhaust, and the at least one cooling intake may be connected to receive air from the cockpit portion. The cockpit portion may form a structural support member.
[0010] The at least one cooling intake may be located proximate the front bulkhead and the at least one cooling exhaust located proximate the rear bulkhead, the at least one cooling exhaust perhaps including an exhaust fan, such that air received at the cooling intake flows rearward through the pair of lateral battery compartments and is exhausted proximate the rear bulkhead. In this regard, but for the at least one cooling intake, the pair of lateral battery compartments would be thermally sealed from the cockpit portion. The air received from the cockpit portion might have been climate controlled in the cockpit portion.
[0011] The chassis may further include a battery module, having a pair of elongated trays adapted to be removably received within the pair of lateral battery compartments of the platform frame, and a plurality of batteries, connected together in an electrical circuit as a source of power, supported on the pair of elongated trays. At least one of or in combination the pair of elongated trays and the plurality of batteries may form a structural support member.
[0012] The rear subframe may support: a motor controller, electrically connectable to receive power from a battery module received within the lateral battery compartments, a motor, electrically connected to the motor controller, a swingarm, a drive wheel depending from the swing arm, and a drivetrain coupling the motor to the drive wheel. The motor controller may further be electrically connectable to the controls module. The rear subframe may further support a cooling duct between the motor and the motor controller, to conduct air propelled by the motor to the motor controller for cooling.
[0013] The front subframe may support: an independent suspension, a pair of freewheeling hubs at opposite ends of the independent suspension, each of the hubs being adapted to retain a leading wheel, and a steering linkage operatively connected to the hubs. [0014] In some cases, the controls module may include a steering column, the steering linkage may include a single, central universal joint, and the steering column may be operatively coupleable to the steering linkage through the universal joint. The steering column may be mounted to a column support bracket and the column support bracket may be mountable to the front bulkhead to form a structural support member.
[0015] In some cases, at least one of or a combination of the front bulkhead, the rear bulkhead and the pair of lateral battery compartments extending therebetween may form a structural support member. [0016] In some cases at least one of or a combination of the front subframe and the rear subframe may form a structural support member.
[0017] Further aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon considering the following drawings, description, and claims.
DESCRIPTION
[0018] The invention will be more fully illustrated by the following detailed description of non-limiting specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawing figures. In the figures, similar elements and/or features may have the same reference label. Further, various elements of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label with a second label that distinguishes among the similar elements. If only the first reference label is identified in a particular passage of the detailed description, then that passage describes any one of the similar elements having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Figure 1 is a top front right oblique view of an embodiment of a rolling chassis according to aspects of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a bottom, rear, right oblique view of the embodiment of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a top plan view of the embodiment of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section view of the embodiment of Figure 1, viewed from the cutting plane 4-4 shown on Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section view of the embodiment of Figure 1, viewed from the cutting plane 5-5 shown on Figure 3.
Figure 6 is a right elevation detail view of a front subframe and a controls module of the embodiment of Figure 1.
Figure 7 is a top front right oblique view of the front subframe and the controls module shown in Figure 6.
Figure S is a bottom, rear, right oblique view of the front subframe and the controls module shown in Figure 6.
Figure 9 is an exploded right elevation view of the embodiment of Figure 1.
Figure 10 is an exploded top front right oblique view of the embodiment of
Figure 1.
Figure 11 is an exploded bottom, rear, right oblique view of the embodiment of
Figure 1. Figure 12 is a front elevation detail view of a fastener for fastening composite panels in the embodiment of Figure 1.
Figure 13 is a right elevation detail view of the fastener shown in Figure 12.
Figure 14 is a top plan detail view of the fastener shown in Figure 12.
Figure 15 is a top, front, right oblique detail view of the fastener shown in
Figure 12.
Figure 16 is a top, front, left oblique detail view of the fastener shown in
Figure 12.
Figure 17 is a bottom, front, right oblique detail view of the fastener shown in
Figure 12.
Figure 18 is a bottom, front, left oblique detail view of the fastener shown in
Figure 12.
Detailed Description of Specific Embodiments (a) Structure of Specific Embodiments
[0019] The structure of the invention will now be illustrated by explanation of specific, non-limiting, exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing figures and described in greater detail herein.
[0020] Figures 1-18 show a modular rolling chassis for a vehicle, according to one embodiment of the present invention, generally illustrated at 100.
[0021] The chassis is formed on a platform frame 110, and further includes a rear subframe 140, a front subframe 160 and a controls module 180. [0022] It has been found that composite panels, formed for example as fiberglass skin over an aluminum honeycomb core, are a suitable material in the manufacture of portions of the chassis 100, as will be described further below. Panel core might also be formed from Nomex™ (a meta-aramid polymer), foam, titanium, plastic or wood, for example. Panel skins might also be formed from carbon fibre, Kevlar™, (a para-aramid synthetic fibre), aluminum, titanium, steel, stainless steel, or wood, for example. In addition, biocomposites (for example with flax or hemp fibres), recycled carbon fibre, and recycled glass fibre might be incorporated into such panels used for these applications. [0023] Such composite panels provide strength in tension and compression, while permitting bending and folding; they can be formed by casting, cutting and more generally machining, to achieve desired sizes, shapes, configurations and characteristics. In this regard, such panels can be readily available in standard sizes and other properties, or custom manufactured to specification. [0024] The careful deployment of such composite panels can yield a chassis
100 that is an order of magnitude lighter than a traditional steel chassis. An analogy can be drawn to a pizza box formed from a sheet of corrugated fiberboard that is cut to shape and then folded into a three-dimensional box.
[0025] As illustrated, the platform frame 110 may be formed from readily available or manufactured composite panels 112, cut or otherwise formed to the desired size and shape, connected together by fasteners 114 (detailed in Figures 12- 18), for example, as illustrated, fasteners commonly used in aerospace manufacturing, or adhesives or welds for example.
[0026] The platform frame 110 is formed as a platform 116 supporting a plurality of longitudinal joists 118 fastened thereto, and to both of which are fastened a front bulkhead 120 and a rear bulkhead 122. The platform frame 110 further includes a pair of lateral battery compartments 124 extending from the front bulkhead to the rear bulkhead, and adapted to removably receive a battery module 200 for electrical connection to at least one of the rear subframe 140 and the front subframe 160. The platform frame 110 further includes a cockpit portion 126 between the pair of lateral battery compartments 124, the cockpit portion 126 may form a structural support member of the platform frame 110, providing additional torsional and bending stiffness to the chassis 100.
[0027] The front bulkhead 120, the rear bulkhead 122 and the pair of lateral battery compartments 124 extending therebetween may individually or in combination form a structural support member of the platform frame, providing additional torsional and bending stiffness to the chassis 100.
[0028] The pair of lateral battery compartments 124 has at least one cooling intake (not shown) and at least one cooling exhaust 130, the cooling intake being connected to receive air from the cockpit portion 126, for example climate controlled air. The cooling intake may be located proximate the front bulkhead 120 and the cooling exhaust 130 located proximate the rear bulkhead 122, such that air received at the cooling intake may flow rearward through the pair of lateral battery compartments 124 and be exhausted proximate the rear bulkhead 122, in this regard, the cooling exhaust 130 may include an exhaust fan 132. But for the cooling intake, the pair of lateral battery compartments 124 may be thermally sealed from the cockpit portion 126, such that the battery module 200 does not itself need to be sealed from the ambient environment.
[0029] The battery module 200 includes a pair of elongated trays 202 adapted to be removably received within the pair of lateral battery compartments 124 of the platform frame 110 and a number of batteries 204, connected together in an electrical circuit as a source of power, supported on the pair of elongated trays. The trays 202 and the batteries 204 may on their own or in combination form a structural support member, providing additional torsional and bending stiffness to the chassis 100. The heavy batteries 204 (and the relatively light composite panels 112) also lower the centre of gravity of the chassis 100.
[0030] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the battery module 200 could have electrical contacts 206 for ready electrical connection to at least one of the rear subframe 140 and the front subframe 160, for example contacts 206 on the pair of elongated trays 202. Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the battery module 200 may further include mounting hardware 208, for example straps, for retaining the batteries 204 in the pair of elongated trays 202. [0031] The front bulkhead 120 may support a windscreen frame 134 and the rear bulkhead 122 may support a roof panel 136 that is foldable to connect to the windscreen frame 134 to enclose the cockpit portion 126. [0032] The rear subframe 140 is mountable to the rear bulkhead 122 and can support components such as a motor controller 142 electrically connectable to receive power from a battery module 200, a motor 144, electrically connected to the motor controller 142, a swing arm 146 which may be a swing arm as disclosed in co- pending International application PCT/CA2017/050321 filed lOMarch 2017, which is incorporated herein by reference, a drive wheel 148 depending from the swing arm 146, and a drivetrain 150 coupling the motor 144 to the drive wheel 148. The motor controller 142 may be electrically connectable to the controls module 180 such that a user may use the controls module 180 to direct the motor controller 142. The motor controller 142 is mounted to the sub-frame 140 just above the motor 144. It regulates the torque/power going the motor 144 to control speed and acceleration of the vehicle. The rear subframe 140 can form a structural support member, providing additional torsional and bending stiffness to the chassis 100. A metal sub-frame 141 used to mount the seat belt D-ring is supported on rear subframe 140. [0033] The rear subframe 140 may further support a cooling duct 152 between the motor 144 and the motor controller 142, to conduct air propelled by the motor 144 to the motor controller 142 for cooling. Cooling duct 152 is a small duct connecting the motor controller 142 to the motor. The motor 144 draws air over the motor controller 142 via cooling duct 152. [0034] The rear subframe 140 may be formed from readily available or manufactured composite panels 112, cut or otherwise formed to the desired size and shape, connected together by fasteners 114 or welds for example. [0035] With additional detail shown in Figures 6-8, the front subframe 160 is mountable to the front bulkhead 120 and can support components such as an independent suspension 162, a pair of freewheeling hubs 164 at opposite ends of the independent suspension 162, each of the hubs 164 being adapted to retain a leading wheel 166, and a steering linkage 170 operatively connected to the hubs 164, and a braking system 168 operatively connected to the hubs 164. The steering linkage 170 may include a single, central universal joint 172. The front subframe 160 can form a structural support member, providing additional torsional and bending stiffness to the chassis 100. [0036] The front subframe 160 may be formed from readily available or manufactured composite panels 112, cut or otherwise formed to the desired size and shape, connected together by fasteners 114 or welds for example.
[0037] The controls module 180 includes a steering column 182 and a column support bracket 184 to which the steering column 182 can be mounted. The column support bracket 184 is mountable to the front bulkhead 120 to form a structural support member, in place of a cross-car beam, for example. The steering column 182 is operatively coupleable to the steering linkage 170 through the universal joint 172. The controls module 180 may include other controls, for example a brake controller 186 operatively coupleable to the braking system 168. (b) Operation of Specific Embodiments
[0038] With reference now to Figures 1-18, the assembly of the rolling chassis 100 will now be described. [0039] The platform frame 110 may be manufactured from composite panels
112 and fasteners 114, instead of more demanding custom-formed composite pieces. The composite panel 112 need merely be cut to size and shape and drilled as needed and then easily assembled together into a platform frame 110 by simple fastening operations.
[0040] The battery module 200 may be manufactured elsewhere and delivered for subsequent assembly into the rolling chassis 100. Similarly, for maintenance, an expired battery module 200 may be easily removed rearwardly from the battery compartment 124 and a replacement battery module 200 inserted in its place. In this regard, batteries 204 would be wired together as appropriate and supported onto the pair of elongated trays 202. The batteries 204 could be further retained in the pair of elongated trays 202 with mounting hardware 208. The battery module 200 may be placed in electrical connection with at least one of the rear subframe 140 and the front subframe 160 via contacts 206.
[0041] The rear subframe 140 and the front subframe 160, and their supported components, could similarly be manufactured elsewhere and delivered for subsequent assembly into the rolling chassis 100. As with the battery module 200, such modular assembly may also be advantageous for maintenance or repair. The rear subframe 140 and the front subframe 160 can be simply fastened to the rear bulkhead 122 and front bulkhead 120 respectively, composite panel 112 to composite panel 112, with fasteners 114. Fasteners 114 are standard panel fasteners such as the threaded inserts manufactured by Witten Company, Inc. which are potted into place. [0042] The controls module 180 could similarly be manufactured elsewhere and delivered for subsequent assembly into the rolling chassis 100. As with the battery module 200, the rear subframe 140 and the front subframe 160, such modular assembly may also be advantageous for maintenance or repair. For assembly, the column support bracket 184 can be mounted to the front bulkhead 120 to form a structural support member and the steering column 182 can be operatively coupled to the steering linkage 170 through the universal joint 172. Similarly, other controls, such as the brake controller 186 can be operatively coupled, for example to the braking system 168. [0043] This modular manufacturing and subsequent assembly encourages parallel production and module-level encapsulation, optimization and testing.
(c) Description Summary
[0044] Thus, it will be seen from the foregoing embodiments and examples that there has been described a modular way to build a rolling chassis using composite materials without custom forming, and yielding appropriate weight distribution (centre of gravity) and torsional and bending rigidity.
[0045] While specific embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated, such embodiments should be considered illustrative of the invention only and not as limiting the invention as construed in accordance with the accompanying claims. [0046] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to the foregoing embodiments without departing from the principle and scope of the invention expressed in the claims made herein.

Claims

CLAIMS WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A vehicle chassis apparatus, comprising:
a. a platform frame having:
i. a front bulkhead, and
ii. a rear bulkhead,
b. a front subframe mountable to the front bulkhead,
c. a rear subframe mountable to the rear bulkhead, and
d. a controls module operatively coupleable to the front subframe through the front bulkhead,
wherein the platform frame further includes a pair of lateral battery compartments extending from the front bulkhead to the rear bulkhead, and adapted to removably receive a battery module for electrical connection to at least one of the rear subframe and the front subframe.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the platform frame includes a cockpit portion between the pair of lateral battery compartments,
the pair of lateral battery compartments have at least one cooling intake and at least one cooling exhaust, and
the at least one cooling intake is connected to receive air from the cockpit portion.
3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cockpit portion forms a structural support member.
4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the at least one cooling intake is located proximate the front bulkhead, and the at least one cooling exhaust is located proximate the rear bulkhead, whereby air received at the cooling intake flows rearward through the pair of lateral battery compartments and is exhausted proximate the rear bulkhead.
5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein, but for the at least one cooling intake, the pair of lateral battery compartments are thermally sealed from the cockpit portion.
6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the air received from the cockpit portion had been climate controlled.
7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the cooling exhaust includes an exhaust fan.
8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further including a battery module, comprising:
a. a pair of elongated trays adapted to be removably received within the pair of lateral battery compartments of the platform frame, and b. a plurality of batteries, connected together in an electrical circuit as a source of power, supported on the pair of elongated trays.
9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein at least one of or in
combination the pair of elongated trays and the plurality of batteries form a structural support member.
The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rear subframe supports: a. a motor controller, electrically connectable to receive power from a battery module received within the lateral battery compartments,
b. a motor, electrically connected to the motor controller,
c. a swingarm,
d. a drive wheel depending from the swing arm, and
e. a drivetrain coupling the motor to the drive wheel.
The apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein the motor controller is further electrically connectable to the controls module.
The apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein the rear subframe further supports a cooling duct between the motor and the motor controller, to conduct air propelled by the motor to the motor controller for cooling.
13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front subframe supports: a. an independent suspension,
b. a pair of freewheeling hubs at opposite ends of the independent suspension, each of the hubs being adapted to retain a leading wheel, and c. a steering linkage operatively connected to the hubs.
14. The apparatus as claimed in claim 13, wherein:
a. the controls module includes a steering column,
b. the steering linkage supported by the front subframe includes a single, central universal joint, and
c. the steering column is operatively coupleable to the steering linkage through the universal joint.
15. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein the steering column is
mounted to a column support bracket.
16. The apparatus as claimed in claim 15, wherein the column support bracket is mountable to the front bulkhead to form a structural support member.
17. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the platform frame is
constructed at least in part from composite panels.
18. The apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein at least one of or a
combination of the front bulkhead, the rear bulkhead and the pair of lateral battery compartments extending therebetween form a structural support member.
19. The apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein at least one of or a
combination of the front subframe and the rear subframe form a structural support member.
20. The apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein said composite panels
comprise a panel skin covering a panel core.
21. The apparatus as claimed in claim 20, wherein said composite panels
comprise a fiberglass skin covering an aluminum honeycomb core.
22. The apparatus as claimed in claim 20, wherein said composite panels
comprise a skin formed from a material selected from the group consisting of carbon fibre, a para-aramid synthetic fibre, aluminum, titanium, steel, stainless steel, and wood.
23. The apparatus as claimed in claim 20, wherein said composite panels
comprise a core formed from a material selected from the group consisting a meta-aramid polymer, foam, titanium, plastic and wood.
EP17801863.6A 2016-05-26 2017-05-19 Modular rolling chassis for a vehicle Withdrawn EP3464028A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201662341781P 2016-05-26 2016-05-26
PCT/CA2017/050607 WO2017201613A1 (en) 2016-05-26 2017-05-19 Modular rolling chassis for a vehicle

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP3464028A1 true EP3464028A1 (en) 2019-04-10
EP3464028A4 EP3464028A4 (en) 2020-02-12

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EP (1) EP3464028A4 (en)
JP (2) JP7120926B2 (en)
CN (1) CN109195862B (en)
CA (1) CA3022925A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017201613A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
EP3464028A4 (en) 2020-02-12
CN109195862B (en) 2021-07-16
JP2019516617A (en) 2019-06-20
CN109195862A (en) 2019-01-11
WO2017201613A1 (en) 2017-11-30
JP7120926B2 (en) 2022-08-17
JP2022002965A (en) 2022-01-11
CA3022925A1 (en) 2017-11-30

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