EP3463711A1 - Device and method for pulling and straightening a metallic monofilament - Google Patents

Device and method for pulling and straightening a metallic monofilament

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Publication number
EP3463711A1
EP3463711A1 EP17724591.7A EP17724591A EP3463711A1 EP 3463711 A1 EP3463711 A1 EP 3463711A1 EP 17724591 A EP17724591 A EP 17724591A EP 3463711 A1 EP3463711 A1 EP 3463711A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
upstream
downstream
capstan
monofilament
metal monofilament
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17724591.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3463711B1 (en
Inventor
Cédric CHAUVET
Eric Colin
Gaëtan DAVAYAT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Original Assignee
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA filed Critical Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Publication of EP3463711A1 publication Critical patent/EP3463711A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3463711B1 publication Critical patent/EP3463711B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F1/00—Bending wire other than coiling; Straightening wire
    • B21F1/02—Straightening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
    • B21C1/12—Regulating or controlling speed of drawing drums, e.g. to influence tension; Drives; Stop or relief mechanisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for pulling and straightening a straight metal monofilament.
  • the invention is applicable to any type of metal monofllaments and especially monofllaments carbon steel forming a metal reinforcement for use in a tire.
  • Traction and dressing devices are known for obtaining this type of metal monofilament.
  • metal monofilament being intended to be used directly in webs and tires, it is necessary that the metal monofilament from a wire drawing device is a straight monofilament in order to avoid any problems of flatness of a sheet resulting from the calendering of monofllaments metal. Indeed, non-planar webs cause problems of cutting and butting webs together during the manufacture of tires.
  • straight monofilament is meant a monofilament whose hanger and residual torsion are significantly reduced compared to a metal monofilament directly from a drawing device according to the prior art.
  • a traction device for this purpose, it is known to use a traction device and training to reduce the hanger of a metal monofilament from a drawing device.
  • a traction device comprises a traction system comprising a capstan arranged to pull the metal monofilament and a training system for reducing the hanger of the metal monofilament.
  • the hanger is generated by the presence of residual compressive stresses at the surface of the metal monofilament. If these residual stresses in compression are unevenly distributed, it generates a localized imbalance of stresses on either side of the main axis of the metal monofilament and therefore a hanger all the more important that the distribution is inhomogeneous and that the values of the Residual stresses in compression positioned on either side of the main axis are different.
  • the capstan generally comprises a body of revolution about an axis of rotation, the body of revolution having a frustoconical shape.
  • the variation of the diameter of the body of revolution along its axis of rotation causes a rotation of the metal monofilament around the main axis of the metal monofilament, which has the effect of imparting a torsion torque about its main axis relatively important.
  • the twist of the mono filament around its main axis is generated by the elastic return of the mono filament around its main axis. The more this elastic return is important, the more the metal monofilament has a high torque, rotating the metal monofilament around its main axis when one of its ends is left free.
  • the invention aims to provide a device and a method of pulling and dressing to obtain a straight metal monofilament.
  • the subject of the present invention is a device for pulling and straightening a metallic monofilament, comprising:
  • upstream and downstream traction systems the upstream traction system being arranged upstream of the downstream traction system in the direction of travel of the metallic monofilament
  • a metal monofilament dressing system arranged between the upstream and downstream traction systems
  • each upstream and downstream traction system respectively comprises an upstream and downstream capstan arranged to pull the metal monofilament, each upstream and downstream capstan comprising a straight cylindrical body of winding of the metal monofilament respectively of upstream and downstream diameter D1 and D2, the device being arranged so that in operation, the upstream and downstream circumferential velocities VI and V2 respectively of each upstream and downstream capstan are such that 1 ⁇ V2 / V1 ⁇ 1, 02.
  • the passage of the metal monofilament by the upstream traction system, then by the training system, and then by the downstream traction system makes it possible to pull the metal monofilament without giving it any hanger or residual torsion.
  • the right cylindrical body winding of the metal monofilament of each capstan reduces the torsion torque of the metal monofilament around its main axis.
  • the speeds VI and V2 satisfying 1 ⁇ V2 / V1 ⁇ 1.02 make it possible to avoid, on the one hand, applying too much tension to the metallic monofilament and, on the other hand, to apply a voltage sufficient to ensure effective training of metallic monofilament.
  • the circumferential speed of a capstan is expressed in meters per minute and corresponds to the speed of movement of the metal monofilament in contact with the capstan, that is to say the linear velocity of the surface of the cylindrical body of the capstan.
  • This circumferential speed is, for a given angular speed of the capstan, dependent on the diameter of the capstan.
  • a metal monofilament towed by the capstan of diameter Da will have a higher circumferential speed than when towed by the capstan of diameter Db.
  • the angular velocity of a capstan is expressed in degrees (or radians) per minute and corresponds to the rotation speed of the capstan. Whatever the angular velocity of a capstan, the angular velocity of the capstan does not depend on its diameter but on the speed of rotation of the axis on which it is mounted.
  • the device for pulling and straightening a metal monofilament according to the invention may also comprise one or more of the following characteristics, considered individually or according to all the possible combinations:
  • D1 and D2 are such that D1> 200.d and D2> 200.d with d being the diameter of the metal monofilament, preferably D1> 500.d and D2> 500.d and even more preferably D1> 700.d and D2 >700.d; and or
  • upstream and downstream capstans are rotatable about a same axis of rotation
  • the straight cylindrical bodies of the upstream and downstream capstans are joined so as to form a common body of revolution about an axis common to the straight cylindrical bodies of the upstream and downstream capstans;
  • the upstream and downstream capstans are movable in rotation respectively about distinct axes upstream and downstream of rotation, the upstream and downstream axes being substantially parallel to each other; and or
  • the dressing system is capable of exerting forces substantially perpendicular to the main axis of the metallic monofilament;
  • the dressing system comprises first and second successive dressing units, each first and second dressing unit respectively defining a first and a second dressing direction, the first and second dressing directions being substantially perpendicular to one another with respect to the other ; and or
  • the device comprises an upstream return pulley of the metal monofilament from the upstream capstan to the upstream capstan, the upstream capstan and the upstream return pulley being arranged so that the metal monofilament is wound at least once successively partially around the right cylindrical body the upstream capstan and partially around the upstream return pulley; and or
  • the device comprises a downstream return pulley of the metal monofilament from the downstream capstan to the downstream capstan, the downstream capstan and the downstream return pulley being arranged so that the metal monofilament is wound at least once successively partially around the cylindrical body right of the downstream capstan and partially around the downstream idler pulley; and or
  • each upstream and downstream return pulley being rotatable about an axis of rotation, the upstream and / or downstream return pulley comprises means for axial guidance of the metal single filament;
  • the upstream return pulley is free to rotate;
  • downstream return pulley is free to rotate
  • the upstream and downstream pulleys are rotatable about a same axis of rotation;
  • the upstream and downstream pulleys are free to rotate independently of one another; and or
  • the axis / axes of rotation of the capstans and the axis / axes of rotation of the pulleys are substantially parallel to each other; and or
  • the upstream and downstream capstans being movable in rotation around a same axis of rotation, the upstream capstan is arranged at an axially lower level with respect to the level of the downstream capstan;
  • the upstream return pulley is arranged at an axially lower level with respect to the level of the downstream return pulley.
  • the present invention also relates to an installation for manufacturing a metallic monofilament, characterized in that it comprises, from upstream to downstream in the direction of travel of the metal monofilament:
  • the installation comprises a drawing device arranged upstream of the device for pulling and straightening the metallic monofilament and downstream of the unwinding device of the metal monofilament.
  • the metal monofilament has a diameter of for example from 1 mm to 3 mm.
  • the metal monofilament has a diameter d ranging from 0.10 mm to 0.50 mm, preferably from 0.25 mm to 0.45 mm and more preferably from 0.20 to 0.40 mm.
  • the mono metal filament has a mechanical strength of between 3200 and 3700 MPa. This mechanical strength is measured according to ASTM D2969-04.
  • the uncoiling device of the metal monofilament advantageously comprises a metal monofilament storage coil.
  • the winding device of the metal monofilament advantageously comprises a metal monofilament storage coil.
  • Another subject of the invention relates to a method for pulling and straightening a metallic monofilament made by means of a device for pulling and straightening the metallic monofilament comprising:
  • upstream and downstream traction systems the upstream traction system being arranged upstream of the downstream traction system in the direction of travel of the metallic monofilament
  • a metal monofilament dressing system arranged between the upstream and downstream traction systems
  • each upstream and downstream traction system comprises respectively an upstream and downstream capstan arranged to pull the metal monofilament, each upstream and downstream capstan comprising a straight cylindrical body winding of the metal monofilament respectively of upstream and downstream diameter D1 and D2 ,
  • the method of pulling and straightening a metal monofilament according to the invention may also comprise one or more of the following characteristics, considered individually or in any combination possible: the device comprising an upstream return pulley of the metal monofilament from the upstream capstan to the upstream capstan, the process during which the metal monofilament is wound at least partially successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan and partially around the upstream return pulley; and or
  • the device comprising a downstream pulley of the metal monofilament from the downstream capstan to the downstream capstan, in the course of which the metal monofilament rolls up at least once successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan and partially around the pulley downstream referral; and or
  • a tension is applied to the metal monofilament ranging from 5% to 20%, preferably from 5% to 15% and more preferably from 5% to 10% of the breaking strength of the metal monofilament.
  • the breaking strength of the metal monofilament is equal to the multiplied mechanical strength as defined above by the section of the metal monofilament. This voltage value makes it possible on the one hand to limit the risk of plastically deforming the metal monofilament or break it and, on the other hand, to ensure effective training of the metal monofilament.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a device for pulling and training a metal monofilament according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 represents the different systems of the device of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 represents pulleys of the device of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 represents a capstan and the pulleys of the device of FIG. 1 in operation
  • FIG. 5 represents part of the training system of the device of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 6 represents a device for pulling and straightening a metal monofilament according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 7 represents pulleys of the device of FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 8 represents capstans and the pulleys of the device of FIG. 6 in operation
  • Figure 9 is a schematic representation of an installation for manufacturing a metal monofilament according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to a device for pulling and straightening a metal monofilament.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a device 10 for pulling and straightening a metal monofilament 12 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the metal monofilament 12 for example carbon steel, is an elongated element having a length greater than the dimensions of its cross section, regardless of the shape of its cross section.
  • the cross section may have a circular, oblong, rectangular, square, or even flat shape.
  • the filament metal monofilament 12 has a diameter d ranging from 0.10 mm to 0.50 mm, preferably from 0.25 mm to 0.45 mm and more preferably from 0.20 to 0.40 mm. and here equal to 0.30 mm.
  • the traction and training device 10 comprises an upstream traction system 20, a downstream traction system 30, and a training system 40.
  • the upstream traction system 20 is arranged upstream of the downstream traction system 30 in the direction of travel of the metal monofilament 12, in particular represented by arrows on the metal monofilament 12 in the figures.
  • the training system 40 of the metal monofilament is arranged between the upstream traction system 20 and the downstream traction system 30.
  • the metal monofilament 12 arrives on the upstream traction system 20, then leaves towards the training system 40.
  • the metal monofilament 12 arrives on the training system 40, then leaves towards the downstream traction system 30.
  • the upstream and downstream traction systems 30 respectively comprise an upstream capstan 22 and a downstream capstan 32, in particular represented in FIG. 2, arranged to draw the metal single filament 12.
  • the upstream and downstream traction systems 30 may also comprise rotational drive means configured to drive the upstream capstan 22 and the downstream capstan 32 in rotation.
  • the rotating drive means may comprise a motor.
  • the upstream capstan 22 of the upstream traction system 20 comprises a straight cylindrical body, in particular represented in FIG. 2, of winding of the metal monofilament 12.
  • the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22 has a diameter D1, referred to as the upstream diameter, and in operation, a circumferential speed VI, said upstream circumferential speed, and an angular velocity W1, said upstream angular velocity.
  • the downstream capstan 32 of the downstream traction system 30 comprises a straight cylindrical body, in particular represented in FIG. 2, of winding of the metal monofilament 12.
  • the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32 has a diameter D2, called diameter downstream, and in operation, a circumferential velocity V2, said downstream circumferential speed, and an angular velocity W2, said downstream angular velocity.
  • each capstan makes it possible to avoid the generation of a torsion torque of the metallic monofilament around its main axis when the metallic monofilament passes through the traction systems.
  • D1 and D2 are such that D1> 200.d and D2> 200.d with d being the diameter of the metal monofilament, preferably D1> 500.d and D2> 500.d and even more preferably D1> 700.d and D2 > 700.d.
  • d being the diameter of the metal monofilament
  • the traction and dressing device 10 comprises an upstream return pulley 50 and a downstream return pulley 60, the characteristics and operation of which will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the upstream return pulley 50 is configured on the one hand to receive the metal monofilament 12 of the upstream capstan 22, and on the other hand to return the metal monofilament 12 to the training system.
  • the upstream capstan 22 and the upstream return pulley 50 are arranged so that the metal monofilament 12 is wound at least once successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22 and partially around the upstream return pulley 50.
  • the metal monofilament 12 arrives on the upstream capstan
  • the metal monofilament 12 winds at least partially around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22, then exits in the direction of the upstream return pulley 50. Then, the metal monofilament 12 arrives on the upstream return pulley 50, rolls up at least partially around the upstream return pulley 50, then out towards the training system.
  • the metal monofilament 12 winds at least twice successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22 and partially around the upstream return pulley 50.
  • the metal monofilament 12 describes a first partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22, then a first partial winding around the upstream return pulley 50, then a second partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22, and finally a second partial winding around the upstream pulley 50 before passing through the training system.
  • the metal monofilament 12 winds three times successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22 and partially around the upstream return pulley 50.
  • downstream return pulley 60 is configured to receive the metal monofilament 12 of the dressing system and to return the metal monofilament 12 to the downstream capstan 32.
  • the downstream capstan 32 and the downstream return pulley 60 are arranged so that the metal monofilament 12 winds at least once successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32 and partially around the downstream return pulley 60.
  • the metal monofilament 12 arrives on the downstream return pulley 60, winds at least partially around the downstream return pulley 60, then exits towards the downstream capstan 32. Then, the metal monofilament 12 arrives on the downstream capstan 32, at least partially wraps around the right cylindrical body of the capstan downstream 32, then out of the traction device and training.
  • the metal monofilament 12 is wound at least twice successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32 and partially around the downstream return pulley 60. More precisely, the metal single filament 12 describes a first partial winding around the downstream return pulley 60, then a first partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32, then a second partial winding around the downstream return pulley 60, and finally a second partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32.
  • the upstream and downstream return pulleys 50 and 60 are rotatable around distinct axes of rotation. More precisely, as shown in FIG.
  • the upstream return pulley 50 can be rotatable about an axis A3, and the downstream return pulley 60 can be rotatable about an axis A4.
  • the axes A3 and A4 are substantially parallel.
  • each upstream and downstream return pulley 50 is free to rotate about its axis of rotation.
  • Each upstream and downstream return pulley 50 comprises axial guide means 52, 62 of the metal single filament 12.
  • each pulley 50, 60 may comprise a plurality of grooves extending circumferentially around the axis of rotation of the return pulley.
  • Each groove is preferably formed in a radially outer face of the pulley.
  • Each groove of each upstream and downstream return pulley 50 defines a guide direction, preferably substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the return pulley.
  • Each groove of each pulley has a general shape in U or V and preferably in V.
  • each upstream return pulley 50 and downstream 60 allow the return of the metal monofilament 12 respectively on the upstream capstan 22 and downstream 32 avoiding the crossings of the metal monofilament 12.
  • the axes of upstream Al and downstream A2 rotation of the capstans, as well as the axes of rotation A3 and A4 of the return pulleys are substantially parallel to each other.
  • the training system 40 preferably comprises a first dressing unit 42 and a second dressing unit 44, the first and second dressing units being successive in the direction of travel of the metal single filament 12
  • the metal monofilament 12 coming from the upstream traction system 20 arrives on the first dressing unit 42, then leaves towards the second dressing unit 44.
  • the metallic single filament 12 arrives on the second unit dressage 44, then comes out in direction of the downstream traction system 30.
  • the training system 40 is capable of exerting forces substantially perpendicular to the main axis of the metallic monofilament
  • the first dressing unit 42 defines a first dressage direction P1 and the second dresser unit 44 defines a second dressage direction P2, so that the first and second dressage directions P1, P2 are substantially perpendicular to one another. the other.
  • the first training direction PI is perpendicular to the second training direction P2.
  • FIGS. 2 and 5 show the dressing unit 42.
  • This dressing unit comprises a plurality of rollers 46, for example eleven rollers, free to rotate and arranged in the form of two lines, between which the monofilament passes. 12.
  • Each roller 46 is rotatable about an axis A7 substantially perpendicular to the dressing direction P1.
  • the characteristics of the second dressing unit 44, in which each roller is rotatable about an axis A8 substantially perpendicular to the dressing direction P2 are similar to those of the first dressing unit 42 and are mutatis mutant therefrom. mutandis.
  • Such dressing units make it possible to reduce the residual stresses of each metallic single filament by exerting forces substantially perpendicular to the main axis of the metallic monofilament.
  • the aim of the training is to distribute the residual stresses in compression located on the surface of each mono metallic filament. By distributing them, the localized imbalance of stresses on either side of the main axis of the metallic monofilament and thus the hanger of the metallic monofilament is reduced or even eliminated.
  • Training to reduce or eliminate residual stresses can be achieved in different ways.
  • One way known to those skilled in the art is to use torsional dressing, as described in WO2015014510.
  • torsional dressing as described in WO2015014510.
  • the speed of travel of the metal monofilament is less than 300 m.min-1 and more generally of the order of 250 m.min-1.
  • the speed of scrolling, and thus production of metal monofilament can be much higher, especially greater than 500 m.min-1, and generally greater than 600 m.min-1.
  • the use of a twist dressing causes a waviness of the metal monofilament.
  • the metal filaments are arranged parallel to one another. Because of the ripple previously described, it happens that two metal monofilaments adjacent to each other touch each other which is unacceptable. Indeed, during the repeated efforts of the web during operation of the tire, the two metal monofilaments in contact with each other will rub and wear prematurely.
  • the upstream and downstream capstans 22 are movable in rotation about distinct axes of rotation. More specifically, the upstream capstan 22 is rotatable about an upstream axis of rotation A1 and the downstream capstan 32 is rotatable about a downstream axis of rotation A2. Preferably, the upstream Al and downstream A2 rotation axes are substantially parallel to each other.
  • the passage of the metal monofilament 12 through the dressing system 40 has the possible consequence of an elongation of the metal monofilament 12.
  • the metal monofilament 12 may have, in particular according to the chemical composition of the metal of the monofilament, depending on the voltage applied to the monofilament and according to the forces applied during the dressing step, an elongation of up to 1% at the output of the dressing system 40, which can induce a voltage drop of the metal mono-filament 12 input and at the output of the dressing system 40.
  • those skilled in the art are able to determine the elongation generated by the dressing system 40.
  • the traction and dressing device 10 is arranged such that, in operation, the upstream circumferential speed VI and the downstream circumferential speed V2 are such that 1 ⁇ V2 / V1 ⁇ 1.02. In other words, the ratio between the downstream circumferential speed V2 and the upstream circumferential speed VI is from 1.00 to 1.02.
  • the circumferential speeds VI and V2 upstream and downstream are identical.
  • the metal monofilament 12 does not exhibit elongation. There is therefore no voltage drop to compensate.
  • the upstream diameter D1 of the upstream capstan 22 and the downstream diameter D2 of the downstream capstan 32 are configured such that 1 ⁇ D2 / D1 ⁇ 1.02.
  • the ratio between the downstream diameter D2 and the upstream diameter D1 is from 1.00 to 1.02.
  • the diameters D1 and D2 upstream and downstream are identical.
  • the diameters D1 and D2 may be between 200 mm and 400 mm, for example 300 mm.
  • one can alternatively have the case in which the ratio between the downstream diameter D2 and the upstream diameter D1 is such that D2 / D1> 1 and V2 / V1 1.
  • the ratio between the downstream circumferential speed V2 and the upstream circumferential speed VI is such that V2 / V1> 1.
  • the metal monofilament 12 has an elongation which it is necessary to compensate in order not to induce a drop in voltage and not to risk crossing the windings of the metal single filament 12 within the device, in particular crossings of the windings around the body of the downstream capstan 32 and the downstream return pulley 60.
  • the upstream diameter D1 of the upstream capstan 22 and the downstream diameter D2 of the downstream capstan 32 are configured such that 1 ⁇ D2 / D1 ⁇ 1.02.
  • the ratio between the downstream diameter D2 and the upstream diameter D1 is from 1.00 to 1.02.
  • FIGS. 6 to 8 show a traction and dressing device according to a second embodiment.
  • the upstream and downstream capstans 22 are movable in rotation about the same common axis of rotation, denoted by A5 in FIGS. 6 and 8.
  • the upstream and downstream capstans 22 are integral in rotation with the common axis of rotation A5 so that when the device 10 is in operation, the upstream and downstream angular speeds W1 and W2 are identical.
  • the straight cylindrical bodies of the capstans upstream 22 and downstream 32 are joined and integral in rotation about the axis A5.
  • the straight cylindrical bodies of the upstream and downstream capstans 22 form a common cylindrical body 70 of revolution about the common axis A5 to the straight cylindrical bodies of the upstream and downstream capstans 22.
  • 70 preferably comprises means for axial separation of the straight cylindrical bodies of the upstream and downstream capstans 22.
  • the axial separation means of the straight cylindrical bodies of the upstream and downstream capstans 32 may comprise a rib 72 extending circumferentially around of the common axis A5.
  • the rib is formed on a radially outer face of the common body 70.
  • the upstream capstan 22 is arranged at an axially lower level with respect to the level of the downstream capstan 32.
  • the Capstan upstream 22 is arranged under the capstan 32 relative to the separation means.
  • the upstream and downstream return pulleys 50 and 60 are rotatable about a common common axis of rotation, denoted by A6 in FIGS. 6 and 8.
  • the pulleys Upstream 50 and downstream 60 are free to rotate independently of each other.
  • the upstream return pulley 50 is arranged at an axially lower level with respect to the level of the downstream return pulley 60.
  • the upstream and downstream return pulleys 50 and 60 comprise axial guide means 52, 62 of the metal monofilament 12.
  • the common axis of rotation A5 of the capstans is substantially parallel to the common axis of rotation A6 of the return pulleys.
  • the traction and dressing device 10 is arranged such that, in operation, the upstream circumferential speed VI and the downstream circumferential speed V2 are such that 1 ⁇ V2 / V1 ⁇ 1, 02.
  • the ratio between the downstream circumferential speed V2 and the upstream circumferential speed VI is from 1.00 to 1.02.
  • the circumferential speeds VI and V2 upstream and downstream are identical.
  • the metal monofilament 12 does not exhibit elongation. There is therefore no voltage drop to compensate.
  • the upstream diameters D1 and downstream D2 are identical because the upstream and downstream capstans 22 and 32 are integral in rotation with the common axis of rotation A5.
  • the ratio between the downstream circumferential speed V2 and the speed circumferential upstream VI is such that V2 / V1> 1.
  • the metal monofilament 12 has an elongation that it is necessary to compensate in order not to induce a drop in voltage and not to risk crossing the windings of the metal single filament 12 within the device, in particular crossing the windings around the body of the downstream capstan 32 and the downstream return pulley 60.
  • the upstream diameter D1 of the upstream capstan 22 and the downstream diameter D2 of the downstream capstan 32 are configured such that 1 ⁇ D2 / D1 ⁇ 1.02.
  • the device 10 for traction and training may comprise a return pulley 80, in particular shown in Figure 6, arranged between the dressing system 40 and the common body 70 of the capstans.
  • the return pulley 80 is configured to receive the metal monofilament 12 of the dressing system 40, and to return it to the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32.
  • the subject of the invention is also an installation for manufacturing a metallic monofilament .
  • Figure 9 shows schematically such a plant 100 for manufacturing a metal mono filament.
  • the installation 100 for manufacturing a metal monofilament comprises, from upstream to downstream in the direction of travel of the metal monofilament 12, a peeling device 110 of the metal monofilament 12 having a diameter of 12, a drawing device 120 of the monofilament metal 12 of diameter up to diameter d, a device 10 for pulling and straightening the metal monofilament 12 as described above, and a winding device 130 of the metal monofilament.
  • the unwinding device 110 is configured to unwind the metal monofilament with a diameter of> d, then to sending the metal monofilament of diameter d> to the drawing device 120.
  • the unwinding device 110 comprises a storage reel.
  • the installation 100 may comprise a return pulley disposed between the unrolling device 110 and the drawing device 120.
  • the wire drawing device 120 is configured to reduce the diameter of the diameter of the metal monofilament section and to send the metal monofilament 12 of diameter d obtained to the traction and dressing device.
  • the installation 100 may also comprise a return pulley disposed between the drawing device 120 and the traction and dressing device.
  • the device 10 for pulling and straightening the metal monofilament 12 is arranged downstream of the drawing device 120.
  • the pulling and training device 10 comprises capstans configured to pull the metal monofilament 12 and dressing units configured to draw the metal monofilament 12, and is configured to feed the metal monofilament 12 to the winding device 130.
  • the installation 100 may comprise a return pulley disposed between the traction and dressing device 10 and the winding device 130.
  • the device 10 for pulling and straightening the metal monofilament 12 is arranged upstream of the winding device 130.
  • the winding device 130 is configured to wind the metal monofilament 12.
  • the winding device 130 comprises a storage coil.
  • the invention also relates to a method of pulling and straightening a metal monofilament 12.
  • the method is carried out by means of a device 10 for pulling and straightening the metal monofilament 12 as described above.
  • the traction and dressing method comprises a step of providing a traction and training device 10 according to the invention, during which a traction and training device comprising upstream and downstream traction systems 30, and a dressing system 40 is provided.
  • the method also comprises a step of supplying a metal monofilament 12.
  • the method comprises a step of pulling and straightening a metal monofilament 12, during which the circumferential speeds VI and V2 upstream and downstream respectively of each upstream capstan 22 and downstream 32 are such that: 1 ⁇ V2 / V1 ⁇ 1 02.
  • the method can be implemented using the first and second embodiments of the traction and training device described above and in the corresponding variants.
  • the method may comprise a step of upstream winding, during which the metal monofilament 12 is wound at least once successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22 and partially around the upstream return pulley 50.
  • the method may also comprise a downstream winding step, during which the metal monofilament is wound at least once successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32 and partially around the downstream return pulley 60.
  • the metal monofilament 12 describes a partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22, then a partial winding around the return pulley. upstream 50.
  • the metal monofilament 12 describes a partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22, then a partial winding around the upstream return pulley 50.
  • the metal monofilament 12 describes a passage in the system 40, then a partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32.
  • the metal monofilament 12 describes a partial winding around the downstream return pulley 60, then partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32.
  • the metal monofilament 12 describes a partial winding around the downstream return pulley 60.
  • a tension ranging from 5% to 20%, preferably from 5% to 15% and more preferably from 5% to 10% of the breaking strength of the monofilament is applied to the metal monofilament 12 in the device 10.
  • the metal monofilament 12 with a diameter of 0.30 mm has a mechanical strength measured according to ASTM D2969-04 of between 3200 and 3700 MPa.
  • this mechanical strength is equal to 3500 MPa
  • a force at a rupture equal to 250 N.
  • a tension equal to 25 N is applied to the monofilament, ie 10% of the breaking force of the metal monilament 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
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Abstract

The subject of the invention is a device (10) for pulling and straightening a metallic monofilament (12) comprising: – upstream (20) and downstream (30) traction systems, the upstream traction system (20) being arranged upstream of the downstream traction system (30) in the direction in which the metallic monofilament (12) passes, a system (40) for straightening the metallic monofilament (12), arranged between the upstream (20) and downstream (30) traction systems, in which device each upstream (20) and downstream (30) traction system respectively comprises an upstream (22) and downstream (32) capstan designed to pull the metallic monofilament (12), each upstream (22) and downstream (32) capstan comprising a straight cylindrical body onto which to wind the metallic monofilament (12), respectively having an upstream diameter and a downstream diameter D1 and D2, the device (10) being arranged in such a way that, in operation, the circumferential velocities V1 and V2 respectively upstream and downstream of each upstream (22) and downstream (32) capstan are such that 1 ≤V2/V1≤1.02.

Description

Dispositif et procédé de traction et de dressage d'un monofilament métallique  Apparatus and method for pulling and straightening a metal monofilament
L'invention a pour objet un dispositif de traction et de dressage d'un monofïlament métallique droit. The invention relates to a device for pulling and straightening a straight metal monofilament.
L'invention s'applique à tout type de monofïlaments métalliques et notamment aux monofïlaments en acier au carbone formant un renfort métallique destiné à être utilisé dans un pneumatique.  The invention is applicable to any type of metal monofllaments and especially monofllaments carbon steel forming a metal reinforcement for use in a tire.
Il est connu des dispositifs de traction et de dressage permettant d'obtenir ce type de monofïlament métallique.  Traction and dressing devices are known for obtaining this type of metal monofilament.
Ce monofïlament métallique étant destiné à être utilisé directement en nappes puis en pneumatiques, il est nécessaire que le monofïlament métallique issu d'un dispositif de tréfilage soit un monofïlament droit afin d'éviter tous problèmes de planéité d'une nappe issu du calandrage de monofïlaments métalliques. En effet, des nappes non planes engendrent des problèmes de coupe et d'aboutage des nappes entre elles lors de la fabrication des pneumatiques.  This metal monofilament being intended to be used directly in webs and tires, it is necessary that the metal monofilament from a wire drawing device is a straight monofilament in order to avoid any problems of flatness of a sheet resulting from the calendering of monofllaments metal. Indeed, non-planar webs cause problems of cutting and butting webs together during the manufacture of tires.
Par monofïlament droit, on entend un monofïlament dont le cintre et la torsion résiduelle sont signifïcativement réduits par rapport à un monofïlament métallique issu directement d'un dispositif de tréfilage selon l'art antérieur.  By straight monofilament is meant a monofilament whose hanger and residual torsion are significantly reduced compared to a metal monofilament directly from a drawing device according to the prior art.
A cet effet, il est connu d'utiliser un dispositif de traction et de dressage afin de réduire le cintre d'un monofïlament métallique issu d'un dispositif de tréfilage. Un tel dispositif de traction comprend un système de traction comprenant un cabestan agencé pour tirer le monofïlament métallique ainsi qu'un système de dressage permettant de réduire le cintre du monofïlament métallique. Le cintre est généré par la présence de contraintes résiduelles en compression en surface du monofïlament métallique. Si ces contraintes résiduelles en compression sont irrégulièrement réparties, cela engendre un déséquilibre localisé de contraintes de part et d'autre de l'axe principal du monofïlament métallique et donc un cintre d'autant plus important que la répartition est inhomogène et que les valeurs des contraintes résiduelles en compression positionnées de part et d'autre de l'axe principal sont différentes.  For this purpose, it is known to use a traction device and training to reduce the hanger of a metal monofilament from a drawing device. Such a traction device comprises a traction system comprising a capstan arranged to pull the metal monofilament and a training system for reducing the hanger of the metal monofilament. The hanger is generated by the presence of residual compressive stresses at the surface of the metal monofilament. If these residual stresses in compression are unevenly distributed, it generates a localized imbalance of stresses on either side of the main axis of the metal monofilament and therefore a hanger all the more important that the distribution is inhomogeneous and that the values of the Residual stresses in compression positioned on either side of the main axis are different.
D'une part, le cabestan comprend généralement un corps de révolution autour d'un axe de rotation, le corps de révolution présentant une forme tronconique. La variation du diamètre du corps de révolution le long de son axe de rotation entraine une rotation du mono filament métallique autour de l'axe principal du mono filament métallique, ce qui a pour effet de lui conférer un couple de torsion autour de son axe principal relativement important. La torsion du mono filament autour de son axe principal est générée par le retour élastique du mono filament autour de son axe principal. Plus ce retour élastique est important, plus le monofilament métallique présente un couple de torsion élevé, entraînant en rotation le monofilament métallique autour de son axe principal lorsqu'une de ses extrémités est laissée libre. On the one hand, the capstan generally comprises a body of revolution about an axis of rotation, the body of revolution having a frustoconical shape. The variation of the diameter of the body of revolution along its axis of rotation causes a rotation of the metal monofilament around the main axis of the metal monofilament, which has the effect of imparting a torsion torque about its main axis relatively important. The twist of the mono filament around its main axis is generated by the elastic return of the mono filament around its main axis. The more this elastic return is important, the more the metal monofilament has a high torque, rotating the metal monofilament around its main axis when one of its ends is left free.
D'autre part, un dressage efficace d'un monofilament métallique nécessite des réglages fastidieux du système de dressage. En effet, si on applique une tension trop élevée au monofilament métallique, on risque de déformer plastiquement le mono filament métallique, voire de le rompre. A l'inverse, si on applique une tension insuffisante au monofilament métallique, on risque d'avoir un dressage inefficace et de faire sortir le monofïlament métallique des éléments de guidage du dispositif.  On the other hand, effective training of a metal monofilament requires tedious adjustments of the training system. Indeed, if a too high tension is applied to the metal monofilament, there is a risk of plastically deforming the metal monofilament, or even breaking it. Conversely, if insufficient tension is applied to the metal monofilament, there is a risk of having an inefficient dressing and the metal monofilament out of the guide elements of the device.
L'invention a pour but de fournir un dispositif et un procédé de traction et de dressage permettant d'obtenir un monofïlament métallique droit.  The invention aims to provide a device and a method of pulling and dressing to obtain a straight metal monofilament.
À cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de traction et de dressage d'un monofïlament métallique comportant :  To this end, the subject of the present invention is a device for pulling and straightening a metallic monofilament, comprising:
des systèmes de traction amont et aval, le système de traction amont étant agencé en amont du système de traction aval dans le sens de défilement du monofïlament métallique,  upstream and downstream traction systems, the upstream traction system being arranged upstream of the downstream traction system in the direction of travel of the metallic monofilament,
- un système de dressage du monofïlament métallique agencé entre les systèmes de traction amont et aval,  a metal monofilament dressing system arranged between the upstream and downstream traction systems,
dispositif dans lequel chaque système de traction amont et aval comprend respectivement un cabestan amont et aval agencé pour tirer le monofïlament métallique, chaque cabestan amont et aval comprenant un corps cylindrique droit d'enroulage du monofïlament métallique respectivement de diamètre amont et aval Dl et D2, le dispositif étant agencé de sorte qu'en fonctionnement, les vitesses circonférentielles VI et V2 amont et aval respectivement de chaque cabestan amont et aval sont telles que 1 < V2/V1 < 1 ,02. device in which each upstream and downstream traction system respectively comprises an upstream and downstream capstan arranged to pull the metal monofilament, each upstream and downstream capstan comprising a straight cylindrical body of winding of the metal monofilament respectively of upstream and downstream diameter D1 and D2, the device being arranged so that in operation, the upstream and downstream circumferential velocities VI and V2 respectively of each upstream and downstream capstan are such that 1 <V2 / V1 <1, 02.
Avantageusement, le passage du monofïlament métallique par le système de traction amont, puis par le système de dressage, puis par le système de traction aval permet de tirer le monofïlament métallique, sans lui conférer de cintre ou de torsion résiduelle. En effet, le corps cylindrique droit d'enroulage du monofïlament métallique de chaque cabestan permet de réduire le couple de torsion du monofïlament métallique autour de son axe principal. De plus, les vitesses VI et V2 vérifiant 1 < V2/V1 < 1,02 permettent d'éviter d'une part, d'appliquer une tension trop élevée au monofïlament métallique et d'autre part, d'appliquer une tension suffisante pour assurer un dressage efficace du monofïlament métallique. Advantageously, the passage of the metal monofilament by the upstream traction system, then by the training system, and then by the downstream traction system makes it possible to pull the metal monofilament without giving it any hanger or residual torsion. Indeed, the right cylindrical body winding of the metal monofilament of each capstan reduces the torsion torque of the metal monofilament around its main axis. Moreover, the speeds VI and V2 satisfying 1 <V2 / V1 <1.02 make it possible to avoid, on the one hand, applying too much tension to the metallic monofilament and, on the other hand, to apply a voltage sufficient to ensure effective training of metallic monofilament.
Par définition, la vitesse circonférentielle d'un cabestan est exprimée en mètres par minute et correspond à la vitesse de défilement du monofïlament métallique au contact du cabestan, c'est-à-dire la vitesse linéaire de la surface du corps cylindrique du cabestan. Cette vitesse circonférentielle est donc, pour une vitesse angulaire donnée du cabestan, dépendante du diamètre du cabestan. Pour une vitesse angulaire donnée et des diamètres Da et Db de cabestans tels que Da > Db, un monofïlament métallique tracté par le cabestan de diamètre Da aura une vitesse circonférentielle plus élevée que lorsqu'il est tracté par le cabestan de diamètre Db.  By definition, the circumferential speed of a capstan is expressed in meters per minute and corresponds to the speed of movement of the metal monofilament in contact with the capstan, that is to say the linear velocity of the surface of the cylindrical body of the capstan. This circumferential speed is, for a given angular speed of the capstan, dependent on the diameter of the capstan. For a given angular velocity and the diameters Da and Db of capstans such as Da> Db, a metal monofilament towed by the capstan of diameter Da will have a higher circumferential speed than when towed by the capstan of diameter Db.
Par définition, la vitesse angulaire d'un cabestan est exprimée en degrés (ou radians) par minute et correspond à la vitesse de rotation du cabestan. Quelle que soit la vitesse angulaire d'un cabestan, la vitesse angulaire du cabestan ne dépend pas de son diamètre mais de la vitesse de rotation de l'axe sur lequel il est monté.  By definition, the angular velocity of a capstan is expressed in degrees (or radians) per minute and corresponds to the rotation speed of the capstan. Whatever the angular velocity of a capstan, the angular velocity of the capstan does not depend on its diameter but on the speed of rotation of the axis on which it is mounted.
Les vitesses circonférentielle V et angulaire W sont reliées entre elles par le diamètre D du corps cylindrique du cabestan par la relation V = W x D.  The circumferential speeds V and angular W are interconnected by the diameter D of the cylindrical body of the capstan by the relation V = W x D.
Le dispositif de traction et de dressage d'un monofïlament métallique selon l'invention peut également comprendre une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, considérées individuellement ou selon toutes les combinaisons possibles : The device for pulling and straightening a metal monofilament according to the invention may also comprise one or more of the following characteristics, considered individually or according to all the possible combinations:
- V2/V1 = 1 ; et/ou  - V2 / V1 = 1; and or
- V2/V1 > 1 ; et/ou  - V2 / V1> 1; and or
- 1 < D2/D1 < 1,02 ; et/ou  - 1 <D2 / D1 <1.02; and or
- D2 = D1 ; et/ou  - D2 = D1; and or
- D2 > D1 ; et/ou Dl et D2 sont tels que Dl>200.d et D2>200.d avec d étant le diamètre du monofilament métallique, de préférence Dl>500.d et D2>500.d et encore plus préférentiellement Dl>700.d et D2>700.d ; et/ou - D2>D1; and or D1 and D2 are such that D1> 200.d and D2> 200.d with d being the diameter of the metal monofilament, preferably D1> 500.d and D2> 500.d and even more preferably D1> 700.d and D2 >700.d; and or
les cabestans amont et aval sont mobiles en rotation autour d'un même axe de rotation ; et/ou  upstream and downstream capstans are rotatable about a same axis of rotation; and or
les cabestans amont et aval sont solidaires en rotation du même axe de rotation de façon à ce que, lorsque le dispositif est en fonctionnement, les vitesses angulaires Wl et W2 respectivement de chaque cabestan amont et aval vérifient W2/W1 = 1 ; et/ou  the upstream and downstream capstans are integral in rotation with the same axis of rotation so that, when the device is in operation, the angular velocities W1 and W2 respectively of each upstream and downstream capstan satisfy W2 / W1 = 1; and or
- les corps cylindriques droits des cabestans amont et aval sont jointifs de façon à former un corps commun de révolution autour d'un axe commun aux corps cylindriques droits des cabestans amont et aval ; et/ou the straight cylindrical bodies of the upstream and downstream capstans are joined so as to form a common body of revolution about an axis common to the straight cylindrical bodies of the upstream and downstream capstans; and or
les cabestans amont et aval sont mobiles en rotation autour respectivement d'axes distincts amont et aval de rotation, les axes amont et aval étant sensiblement parallèles l'un à l'autre ; et/ou  the upstream and downstream capstans are movable in rotation respectively about distinct axes upstream and downstream of rotation, the upstream and downstream axes being substantially parallel to each other; and or
- le système de dressage est apte à exercer des efforts sensiblement perpendiculairement à l'axe principal du monofilament métallique ; et/ou the dressing system is capable of exerting forces substantially perpendicular to the main axis of the metallic monofilament; and or
- le système de dressage comporte des premières et deuxièmes unités de dressage successives, chaque première et deuxième unité de dressage définissant respectivement une première et une deuxième direction de dressage, les première et une deuxième directions de dressage étant sensiblement perpendiculaire l'une par rapport à l'autre ; et/ou the dressing system comprises first and second successive dressing units, each first and second dressing unit respectively defining a first and a second dressing direction, the first and second dressing directions being substantially perpendicular to one another with respect to the other ; and or
le dispositif comprend une poulie de renvoi amont du monofilament métallique depuis le cabestan amont vers le cabestan amont, le cabestan amont et la poulie de renvoi amont étant agencés pour que le monofilament métallique s'enroule au moins une fois successivement partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont et partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi amont ; et/ou  the device comprises an upstream return pulley of the metal monofilament from the upstream capstan to the upstream capstan, the upstream capstan and the upstream return pulley being arranged so that the metal monofilament is wound at least once successively partially around the right cylindrical body the upstream capstan and partially around the upstream return pulley; and or
le dispositif comprend une poulie de renvoi aval du monofilament métallique depuis le cabestan aval vers le cabestan aval, le cabestan aval et la poulie de renvoi aval étant agencés pour que le monofilament métallique s'enroule au moins une fois successivement partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval et partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi aval ; et/ou the device comprises a downstream return pulley of the metal monofilament from the downstream capstan to the downstream capstan, the downstream capstan and the downstream return pulley being arranged so that the metal monofilament is wound at least once successively partially around the cylindrical body right of the downstream capstan and partially around the downstream idler pulley; and or
chaque poulie de renvoi amont et aval étant mobile en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation, la poulie de renvoi amont et/ou aval comprend des moyens de guidage axial du mono filament métallique ; et/ou  each upstream and downstream return pulley being rotatable about an axis of rotation, the upstream and / or downstream return pulley comprises means for axial guidance of the metal single filament; and or
la poulie de renvoi amont est libre en rotation ; et/ou  the upstream return pulley is free to rotate; and or
la poulie de renvoi aval est libre en rotation ; et/ou  the downstream return pulley is free to rotate; and or
les poulies amont et aval sont mobiles en rotation autour d'un même axe de rotation ; et/ou  the upstream and downstream pulleys are rotatable about a same axis of rotation; and or
- les poulies amont et aval sont libres en rotation indépendamment l'une de l'autre; et/ou  the upstream and downstream pulleys are free to rotate independently of one another; and or
l'axe/les axes de rotation des cabestans et l'axe/les axes de rotation des poulies sont sensiblement parallèles entre eux ; et/ou  the axis / axes of rotation of the capstans and the axis / axes of rotation of the pulleys are substantially parallel to each other; and or
les cabestans amont et aval étant mobiles en rotation autour d'un même axe de rotation, le cabestan amont est agencé à un niveau axialement inférieur par rapport au niveau du cabestan aval ; et/ou  the upstream and downstream capstans being movable in rotation around a same axis of rotation, the upstream capstan is arranged at an axially lower level with respect to the level of the downstream capstan; and or
les poulies de renvoi amont et aval étant mobiles en rotation autour d'un même axe de rotation, la poulie de renvoi amont est agencée à un niveau axialement inférieur par rapport au niveau de la poulie de renvoi aval.  the upstream and downstream return pulleys being rotatable about a same axis of rotation, the upstream return pulley is arranged at an axially lower level with respect to the level of the downstream return pulley.
La présente invention concerne également une installation de fabrication d'un mono filament métallique, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend, d'amont en aval dans le sens de défilement du monofilament métallique : The present invention also relates to an installation for manufacturing a metallic monofilament, characterized in that it comprises, from upstream to downstream in the direction of travel of the metal monofilament:
- un dispositif de déroulage du monofilament métallique,  a device for unrolling the metal monofilament,
- un dispositif de tréfilage du mono filament métallique,  a device for drawing the metal monofilament,
- un dispositif de traction et de dressage du monofilament métallique selon l'invention,  a device for pulling and straightening the metal monofilament according to the invention,
- un dispositif d'enroulage du mono filament métallique.  - A winding device of the metal monofilament.
Avantageusement, une telle installation de fabrication d'un monofilament métallique permet l'obtention d'un monofilament métallique présentant un cintre et une torsion résiduelle réduits. Dans un mode de réalisation, l'installation comprend un dispositif de tréfilage agencé en amont du dispositif de traction et de dressage du mono filament métallique et en aval du dispositif de déroulage du monofilament métallique. Advantageously, such an installation for manufacturing a metal monofilament makes it possible to obtain a metal monofilament having a reduced hanger and residual torsion. In one embodiment, the installation comprises a drawing device arranged upstream of the device for pulling and straightening the metallic monofilament and downstream of the unwinding device of the metal monofilament.
Lors du déroulage, le monofilament métallique présente un diamètre d'allant par exemple de 1 mm à 3 mm. Postérieurement au tréfilage, le monofilament métallique présente un diamètre d allant de 0,10 mm à 0,50 mm, de préférence de 0,25 mm à 0,45 mm et plus préférentiellement de 0,20 à 0,40 mm.  During unwinding, the metal monofilament has a diameter of for example from 1 mm to 3 mm. After drawing, the metal monofilament has a diameter d ranging from 0.10 mm to 0.50 mm, preferably from 0.25 mm to 0.45 mm and more preferably from 0.20 to 0.40 mm.
Le mono filament métallique présente une résistance mécanique comprise entre 3200 et 3700 MPa. Cette résistance mécanique est mesurée selon la norme ASTM D2969-04.  The mono metal filament has a mechanical strength of between 3200 and 3700 MPa. This mechanical strength is measured according to ASTM D2969-04.
Le dispositif de déroulage du mono filament métallique comprend avantageusement une bobine de stockage du monofilament métallique.  The uncoiling device of the metal monofilament advantageously comprises a metal monofilament storage coil.
Le dispositif d'enroulage du monofilament métallique comprend avantageusement une bobine de stockage du monofilament métallique.  The winding device of the metal monofilament advantageously comprises a metal monofilament storage coil.
Un autre objet de l'invention concerne un procédé de traction et de dressage d'un monofilament métallique réalisé au moyen d'un dispositif de traction et de dressage du mono filament métallique comportant : Another subject of the invention relates to a method for pulling and straightening a metallic monofilament made by means of a device for pulling and straightening the metallic monofilament comprising:
des systèmes de traction amont et aval, le système de traction amont étant agencé en amont du système de traction aval dans le sens de défilement du mono filament métallique,  upstream and downstream traction systems, the upstream traction system being arranged upstream of the downstream traction system in the direction of travel of the metallic monofilament,
- un système de dressage du monofilament métallique agencé entre les systèmes de traction amont et aval,  a metal monofilament dressing system arranged between the upstream and downstream traction systems,
dispositif dans lequel chaque système de traction amont et aval comprend respectivement un cabestan amont et aval agencé pour tirer le monofilament métallique, chaque cabestan amont et aval comprenant un corps cylindrique droit d'enroulage du mono filament métallique respectivement de diamètre amont et aval Dl et D2, device in which each upstream and downstream traction system comprises respectively an upstream and downstream capstan arranged to pull the metal monofilament, each upstream and downstream capstan comprising a straight cylindrical body winding of the metal monofilament respectively of upstream and downstream diameter D1 and D2 ,
procédé au cours duquel les vitesses circonférentielles VI et V2 amont et aval respectivement de chaque cabestan amont et aval sont telles que 1 < V2/V1 < 1,02. Le procédé de traction et de dressage d'un monofïlament métallique selon l'invention peut également comprendre une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, considérées individuellement ou selon toutes les combinaisons possibles : le dispositif comprenant une poulie de renvoi amont du monofïlament métallique depuis le cabestan amont vers le cabestan amont, procédé au cours duquel le monofïlament métallique s'enroule au moins une fois successivement partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont et partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi amont ; et/ou process in which the upstream and downstream circumferential velocities VI and V2 respectively of each upstream and downstream capstan are such that 1 <V2 / V1 <1.02. The method of pulling and straightening a metal monofilament according to the invention may also comprise one or more of the following characteristics, considered individually or in any combination possible: the device comprising an upstream return pulley of the metal monofilament from the upstream capstan to the upstream capstan, the process during which the metal monofilament is wound at least partially successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan and partially around the upstream return pulley; and or
le dispositif comprenant une poulie de renvoi aval du monofïlament métallique depuis le cabestan aval vers le cabestan aval, procédé au cours duquel le monofïlament métallique s'enroule au moins une fois successivement partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval et partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi aval ; et/ou  the device comprising a downstream pulley of the metal monofilament from the downstream capstan to the downstream capstan, in the course of which the metal monofilament rolls up at least once successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan and partially around the pulley downstream referral; and or
- procédé au cours duquel le monofïlament métallique décrit, dans cet ordre, le trajet suivant :  - process in which the metal monofilament describes, in this order, the following path:
- enroulage partiel autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont, partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan,
- enroulage partiel autour de la poulie de renvoi amont, partial winding around the upstream return pulley,
- optionnellement, enroulage partiel autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont puis enroulage partiel autour de la poulie de renvoi amont,  optionally, partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan and then partial winding around the upstream return pulley,
- passage dans le système de dressage,  - passage in the training system,
- enroulage partiel autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval, - partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan,
- optionnellement, enroulage partiel autour de la poulie de renvoi aval puis enroulage partiel autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval, et optionally, partial winding around the downstream return pulley then partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan, and
enroulage partiel autour de la poulie de renvoi aval.  partial winding around the downstream idler pulley.
Lors du procédé et dans le dispositif, on applique une tension au monofïlament métallique allant de 5 % à 20 %, de préférence de 5 % à 15 % et plus préférentiellement de 5 % à 10 % de la force à rupture du monofïlament métallique. La force à rupture du monofïlament métallique est égale à la résistance mécanique multiplié telle que définie ci-dessus par la section du monofïlament métallique. Cette valeur de tension permet d'une part de limiter le risque de déformer plastiquement le monofïlament métallique ou de le rompre et, d'autre part, d'assurer un dressage efficace du monofïlament métallique. In the process and in the device, a tension is applied to the metal monofilament ranging from 5% to 20%, preferably from 5% to 15% and more preferably from 5% to 10% of the breaking strength of the metal monofilament. The breaking strength of the metal monofilament is equal to the multiplied mechanical strength as defined above by the section of the metal monofilament. This voltage value makes it possible on the one hand to limit the risk of plastically deforming the metal monofilament or break it and, on the other hand, to ensure effective training of the metal monofilament.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description et des figures suivantes : Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the following description and figures:
- la figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'un dispositif de traction et de dressage d'un monofïlament métallique selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,  FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a device for pulling and training a metal monofilament according to a first embodiment of the invention,
- la figure 2 représente les différents systèmes du dispositif de la figure 1, FIG. 2 represents the different systems of the device of FIG. 1,
- la figure 3 représente des poulies du dispositif de la figure 1 , FIG. 3 represents pulleys of the device of FIG. 1,
- la figure 4 représente un cabestan et les poulies du dispositif de la figure 1 en fonctionnement,  FIG. 4 represents a capstan and the pulleys of the device of FIG. 1 in operation,
- la figure 5 représente une partie du système de dressage du dispositif de la figure 1,  FIG. 5 represents part of the training system of the device of FIG. 1,
- la figure 6 représente un dispositif de traction et de dressage d'un monofïlament métallique selon un deuxième mode de réalisation,  FIG. 6 represents a device for pulling and straightening a metal monofilament according to a second embodiment,
- la figure 7 représente des poulies du dispositif de la figure 6,  FIG. 7 represents pulleys of the device of FIG. 6,
- la figure 8 représente des cabestans et les poulies du dispositif de la figure 6 en fonctionnement, et  FIG. 8 represents capstans and the pulleys of the device of FIG. 6 in operation, and
la figure 9 est une représentation schématique d'une installation de fabrication d'un monofïlament métallique selon l'invention.  Figure 9 is a schematic representation of an installation for manufacturing a metal monofilament according to the invention.
Il est à noter que ces dessins n'ont d'autre but que d'illustrer le texte de la description et ne constituent en aucune sorte une limitation de la portée de l'invention.  It should be noted that these drawings have no other purpose than to illustrate the text of the description and do not constitute in any way a limitation of the scope of the invention.
Sur les différentes figures, les éléments analogues sont désignés par des références identiques.  In the various figures, the analogous elements are designated by identical references.
L'invention a pour objet un dispositif de traction et de dressage d'un monofïlament métallique. En particulier, les figures 1 et 2 représentent un dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage d'un monofïlament métallique 12 selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention. Le monofilament métallique 12, par exemple en acier au carbone, est un élément longiligne présentant une longueur supérieure aux dimensions de sa section transversale, quelle que soit la forme de sa section transversale. En particulier, la section transversale peut présenter une forme circulaire, oblongue, rectangulaire, carrée, ou même plate. The invention relates to a device for pulling and straightening a metal monofilament. In particular, Figures 1 and 2 show a device 10 for pulling and straightening a metal monofilament 12 according to a first embodiment of the invention. The metal monofilament 12, for example carbon steel, is an elongated element having a length greater than the dimensions of its cross section, regardless of the shape of its cross section. In particular, the cross section may have a circular, oblong, rectangular, square, or even flat shape.
De façon avantageuse, le mono filament métallique filament 12 présente un diamètre d allant de 0,10 mm à 0,50 mm, de préférence de 0,25 mm à 0,45 mm et plus préférentiellement de 0,20 à 0,40 mm et ici égal à 0,30 mm.  Advantageously, the filament metal monofilament 12 has a diameter d ranging from 0.10 mm to 0.50 mm, preferably from 0.25 mm to 0.45 mm and more preferably from 0.20 to 0.40 mm. and here equal to 0.30 mm.
Le dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage comprend un système de traction amont 20, un système de traction aval 30, et un système de dressage 40.  The traction and training device 10 comprises an upstream traction system 20, a downstream traction system 30, and a training system 40.
Le système de traction amont 20 est agencé en amont du système de traction aval 30 dans le sens de défilement du mono filament métallique 12, notamment représenté par des flèches sur le monofilament métallique 12 sur les figures.  The upstream traction system 20 is arranged upstream of the downstream traction system 30 in the direction of travel of the metal monofilament 12, in particular represented by arrows on the metal monofilament 12 in the figures.
Le système de dressage 40 du mono filament métallique est agencé entre le système de traction amont 20 et le système de traction aval 30. Autrement dit, le monofilament métallique 12 arrive sur le système de traction amont 20, puis sort en direction du système de dressage 40. Ensuite le mono filament métallique 12 arrive sur le système de dressage 40, puis sort en direction du système de traction aval 30.  The training system 40 of the metal monofilament is arranged between the upstream traction system 20 and the downstream traction system 30. In other words, the metal monofilament 12 arrives on the upstream traction system 20, then leaves towards the training system 40. Then the metal monofilament 12 arrives on the training system 40, then leaves towards the downstream traction system 30.
Les systèmes de traction amont 20 et aval 30 comprennent respectivement un cabestan amont 22 et un cabestan aval 32, notamment représentés sur la figure 2, agencés pour tirer le mono filament métallique 12.  The upstream and downstream traction systems 30 respectively comprise an upstream capstan 22 and a downstream capstan 32, in particular represented in FIG. 2, arranged to draw the metal single filament 12.
Les systèmes de traction amont 20 et aval 30 peuvent également comprendre des moyens d'entraînement en rotation configurés pour entraîner les cabestans amont 22 et aval 32 en rotation. Par exemple, les moyens d'entraînement en rotation peuvent comprendre un moteur.  The upstream and downstream traction systems 30 may also comprise rotational drive means configured to drive the upstream capstan 22 and the downstream capstan 32 in rotation. For example, the rotating drive means may comprise a motor.
Le cabestan amont 22 du système de traction amont 20 comprend un corps cylindrique droit, notamment représenté sur la figure 2, d'enroulage du mono filament métallique 12. Le corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont 22 présente un diamètre Dl, dit diamètre amont, et en fonctionnement, une vitesse circonférentielle VI, dit vitesse circonférentielle amont, et une vitesse angulaire Wl , dit vitesse angulaire amont. En particulier, la vitesse circonférentielle VI est définie telle que : VI = Wl x Dl . De façon similaire, le cabestan aval 32 du système de traction aval 30 comprend un corps cylindrique droit, notamment représenté sur la figure 2, d'enroulage du monofïlament métallique 12. Le corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval 32 présente un diamètre D2, dit diamètre aval, et en fonctionnement, une vitesse circonférentielle V2, dit vitesse circonférentielle aval, et une vitesse angulaire W2, dit vitesse angulaire aval. En particulier, la vitesse circonférentielle V2 est définie telle que : V2 = W2 x D2. The upstream capstan 22 of the upstream traction system 20 comprises a straight cylindrical body, in particular represented in FIG. 2, of winding of the metal monofilament 12. The right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22 has a diameter D1, referred to as the upstream diameter, and in operation, a circumferential speed VI, said upstream circumferential speed, and an angular velocity W1, said upstream angular velocity. In particular, the circumferential velocity VI is defined such that: VI = Wl x Dl. Similarly, the downstream capstan 32 of the downstream traction system 30 comprises a straight cylindrical body, in particular represented in FIG. 2, of winding of the metal monofilament 12. The right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32 has a diameter D2, called diameter downstream, and in operation, a circumferential velocity V2, said downstream circumferential speed, and an angular velocity W2, said downstream angular velocity. In particular, the circumferential velocity V2 is defined such that: V2 = W2 x D2.
Avantageusement, le corps cylindrique droit de chaque cabestan permet d'éviter la génération d'un couple de torsion du monofïlament métallique autour de son axe principal lorsque le monofïlament métallique passe par les systèmes de traction.  Advantageously, the right cylindrical body of each capstan makes it possible to avoid the generation of a torsion torque of the metallic monofilament around its main axis when the metallic monofilament passes through the traction systems.
Dl et D2 sont tels que Dl>200.d et D2>200.d avec d étant le diamètre du monofïlament métallique, de préférence Dl>500.d et D2>500.d et encore plus préférentiellement Dl>700.d et D2>700.d. Ainsi, on réduit autant que possible le cintre généré par les systèmes de traction lors du passage du monofïlament métallique dans le dispositif.  D1 and D2 are such that D1> 200.d and D2> 200.d with d being the diameter of the metal monofilament, preferably D1> 500.d and D2> 500.d and even more preferably D1> 700.d and D2 > 700.d. Thus, it reduces as much as possible the hanger generated by the traction systems during the passage of the metal monofilament in the device.
Le dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage comprend une poulie de renvoi amont 50 et une poulie de renvoi aval 60 dont les caractéristiques et le fonctionnement vont être décrits en référence aux figures 3 et 4.  The traction and dressing device 10 comprises an upstream return pulley 50 and a downstream return pulley 60, the characteristics and operation of which will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
La poulie de renvoi amont 50 est configurée d'une part pour recevoir le monofïlament métallique 12 du cabestan amont 22, et d'autre part pour renvoyer le monofïlament métallique 12 vers le système de dressage.  The upstream return pulley 50 is configured on the one hand to receive the metal monofilament 12 of the upstream capstan 22, and on the other hand to return the metal monofilament 12 to the training system.
Le cabestan amont 22 et la poulie de renvoi amont 50 sont agencés de sorte que le monofïlament métallique 12 s'enroule au moins une fois successivement partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont 22 et partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi amont 50.  The upstream capstan 22 and the upstream return pulley 50 are arranged so that the metal monofilament 12 is wound at least once successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22 and partially around the upstream return pulley 50.
Autrement dit, le monofïlament métallique 12 arrive sur le cabestan amont In other words, the metal monofilament 12 arrives on the upstream capstan
22, s'enroule au moins partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont 22, puis sort en direction de la poulie de renvoi amont 50. Ensuite, le monofïlament métallique 12 arrive sur la poulie de renvoi amont 50, s'enroule au moins partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi amont 50, puis sort en direction du système de dressage. Avantageusement, le monofïlament métallique 12 s'enroule au moins deux fois successivement partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont 22 et partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi amont 50. Plus précisément, par s'enroule deux fois successivement, on entend que le monofïlament métallique 12 décrit un premier enroulage partiel autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont 22, puis un premier enroulage partiel autour de la poulie de renvoi amont 50, puis un deuxième enroulage partiel autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont 22, et enfin un deuxième enroulage partiel autour de la poulie de renvoi amont 50 avant de passer par le système de dressage. Comme illustré sur la figure 4, le monofilament métallique 12 s'enroule trois fois successivement partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont 22 et partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi amont 50. 22, winds at least partially around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22, then exits in the direction of the upstream return pulley 50. Then, the metal monofilament 12 arrives on the upstream return pulley 50, rolls up at least partially around the upstream return pulley 50, then out towards the training system. Advantageously, the metal monofilament 12 winds at least twice successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22 and partially around the upstream return pulley 50. More precisely, by winding twice successively, it is understood that the metal monofilament 12 describes a first partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22, then a first partial winding around the upstream return pulley 50, then a second partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22, and finally a second partial winding around the upstream pulley 50 before passing through the training system. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the metal monofilament 12 winds three times successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22 and partially around the upstream return pulley 50.
De la même façon, la poulie de renvoi aval 60 est configurée pour recevoir le mono filament métallique 12 du système de dressage et pour renvoyer le monofilament métallique 12 vers le cabestan aval 32.  In the same way, the downstream return pulley 60 is configured to receive the metal monofilament 12 of the dressing system and to return the metal monofilament 12 to the downstream capstan 32.
Le cabestan aval 32 et la poulie de renvoi aval 60 sont agencés de sorte que le monofilament métallique 12 s'enroule au moins une fois successivement partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval 32 et partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi aval 60.  The downstream capstan 32 and the downstream return pulley 60 are arranged so that the metal monofilament 12 winds at least once successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32 and partially around the downstream return pulley 60.
Autrement dit, le mono filament métallique 12 arrive sur la poulie de renvoi aval 60, s'enroule au moins partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi aval 60, puis sort en direction du cabestan aval 32. Ensuite, le monofilament métallique 12 arrive sur le cabestan aval 32, s'enroule au moins partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval 32, puis sort du dispositif de traction et de dressage.  In other words, the metal monofilament 12 arrives on the downstream return pulley 60, winds at least partially around the downstream return pulley 60, then exits towards the downstream capstan 32. Then, the metal monofilament 12 arrives on the downstream capstan 32, at least partially wraps around the right cylindrical body of the capstan downstream 32, then out of the traction device and training.
Avantageusement, le monofilament métallique 12 s'enroule au moins deux fois successivement partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval 32 et partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi aval 60. Plus précisément, le mono filament métallique 12 décrit un premier enroulage partiel autour de la poulie de renvoi aval 60, puis un premier enroulage partiel autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval 32, puis un deuxième enroulage partiel autour de la poulie de renvoi aval 60, et enfin un deuxième enroulage partiel autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval 32. Dans le premier mode de réalisation, les poulies de renvoi amont 50 et aval 60 sont mobiles en rotation autour d'axes de rotation distincts. Plus précisément, comme représenté sur la figure 2, la poulie de renvoi amont 50 peut être mobile en rotation autour d'un axe A3, et la poulie de renvoi aval 60 peut être mobile en rotation autour d'un axe A4. De façon avantageuse, les axes A3 et A4 sont sensiblement parallèles. De préférence, chaque poulie de renvoi amont 50 et aval 60 est libre en rotation autour de son axe de rotation. Advantageously, the metal monofilament 12 is wound at least twice successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32 and partially around the downstream return pulley 60. More precisely, the metal single filament 12 describes a first partial winding around the downstream return pulley 60, then a first partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32, then a second partial winding around the downstream return pulley 60, and finally a second partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32. In the first embodiment, the upstream and downstream return pulleys 50 and 60 are rotatable around distinct axes of rotation. More precisely, as shown in FIG. 2, the upstream return pulley 50 can be rotatable about an axis A3, and the downstream return pulley 60 can be rotatable about an axis A4. Advantageously, the axes A3 and A4 are substantially parallel. Preferably, each upstream and downstream return pulley 50 is free to rotate about its axis of rotation.
Chaque poulie de renvoi amont 50 et aval 60 comprend des moyens de guidage axial 52, 62 du mono filament métallique 12.  Each upstream and downstream return pulley 50 comprises axial guide means 52, 62 of the metal single filament 12.
Plus précisément, comme représenté sur la figure 3, les moyens de guidage axial 52, 62 de chaque poulie de renvoi 50, 60 peuvent comprendre une pluralité de gorges s 'étendant circonférentiellement autour de l'axe de rotation de la poulie de renvoi. Chaque gorge est, de préférence, ménagée dans une face radialement externe de la poulie de renvoi.  More specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the axial guide means 52, 62 of each pulley 50, 60 may comprise a plurality of grooves extending circumferentially around the axis of rotation of the return pulley. Each groove is preferably formed in a radially outer face of the pulley.
Chaque gorge de chaque poulie de renvoi amont 50 et aval 60 définit une direction de guidage, de préférence sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation la poulie de renvoi. Chaque gorge de chaque poulie présente une forme générale en U ou en V et de préférence en V.  Each groove of each upstream and downstream return pulley 50 defines a guide direction, preferably substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the return pulley. Each groove of each pulley has a general shape in U or V and preferably in V.
De façon avantageuse, les gorges de chaque poulie de renvoi amont 50 et aval 60 permettent le renvoi du mono filament métallique 12 respectivement sur le cabestan amont 22 et aval 32 en évitant les croisements du monofilament métallique 12.  Advantageously, the grooves of each upstream return pulley 50 and downstream 60 allow the return of the metal monofilament 12 respectively on the upstream capstan 22 and downstream 32 avoiding the crossings of the metal monofilament 12.
De façon avantageuse, les axes de rotation amont Al et aval A2 des cabestans, ainsi que les axes de rotation A3 et A4 des poulies de renvoi sont sensiblement parallèles entre eux.  Advantageously, the axes of upstream Al and downstream A2 rotation of the capstans, as well as the axes of rotation A3 and A4 of the return pulleys are substantially parallel to each other.
Comme représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, le système de dressage 40 comprend de préférence une première unité de dressage 42 et une deuxième unité de dressage 44, les première et deuxième unités de dressage étant successives dans le sens de défilement du mono filament métallique 12. Autrement dit, le mono filament métallique 12 issu du système de traction amont 20 arrive sur la première unité de dressage 42, puis sort en direction de la deuxième unité de dressage 44. Ensuite, le mono filament métallique 12 arrive sur la deuxième unité de dressage 44, puis sort en direction du système de traction aval 30. Le système de dressage 40 est apte à exercer des efforts sensiblement perpendiculairement à l'axe principal du mono filament métallique As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the training system 40 preferably comprises a first dressing unit 42 and a second dressing unit 44, the first and second dressing units being successive in the direction of travel of the metal single filament 12 In other words, the metal monofilament 12 coming from the upstream traction system 20 arrives on the first dressing unit 42, then leaves towards the second dressing unit 44. Next, the metallic single filament 12 arrives on the second unit dressage 44, then comes out in direction of the downstream traction system 30. The training system 40 is capable of exerting forces substantially perpendicular to the main axis of the metallic monofilament
La première unité de dressage 42 définit une première direction de dressage PI et la deuxième unité de dressage 44 définit une deuxième direction de dressage P2, de sorte que les première et deuxième directions de dressage PI, P2 sont sensiblement perpendiculaire l'une par rapport à l'autre. Avantageusement, la première direction de dressage PI est perpendiculaire à la deuxième direction de dressage P2.  The first dressing unit 42 defines a first dressage direction P1 and the second dresser unit 44 defines a second dressage direction P2, so that the first and second dressage directions P1, P2 are substantially perpendicular to one another. the other. Advantageously, the first training direction PI is perpendicular to the second training direction P2.
On a représenté sur les figures 2 et 5 l'unité de dressage 42. Cette unité de dressage comprend une pluralité de galets 46, par exemple onze galets, libre en rotation et disposés sous la forme de deux lignes, entre lesquelles passe le mono filament métallique 12. Chaque galet 46 est mobile en rotation autour d'un axe A7 sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction de dressage Pl . Les caractéristiques de la deuxième unité de dressage 44, dans laquelle chaque galet est mobile en rotation autour d'un axe A8 sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction de dressage P2, sont analogues à celles de la première unité de dressage 42 et s'en déduisent mutatis mutandis.  FIGS. 2 and 5 show the dressing unit 42. This dressing unit comprises a plurality of rollers 46, for example eleven rollers, free to rotate and arranged in the form of two lines, between which the monofilament passes. 12. Each roller 46 is rotatable about an axis A7 substantially perpendicular to the dressing direction P1. The characteristics of the second dressing unit 44, in which each roller is rotatable about an axis A8 substantially perpendicular to the dressing direction P2, are similar to those of the first dressing unit 42 and are mutatis mutant therefrom. mutandis.
Des telles unités de dressage permettent de réduire les contraintes résiduelles de chaque mono filament métallique en exerçant des efforts sensiblement perpendiculairement à l'axe principal du monofilament métallique. Le dressage vise en effet à répartir les contraintes résiduelles en compression situées en surface de chaque mono filament métallique. En les répartissant, on réduit, voire on supprime le déséquilibre localisé de contraintes de part et d'autre de l'axe principal du mono filament métallique et donc le cintre du monofilament métallique.  Such dressing units make it possible to reduce the residual stresses of each metallic single filament by exerting forces substantially perpendicular to the main axis of the metallic monofilament. The aim of the training is to distribute the residual stresses in compression located on the surface of each mono metallic filament. By distributing them, the localized imbalance of stresses on either side of the main axis of the metallic monofilament and thus the hanger of the metallic monofilament is reduced or even eliminated.
Le dressage visant à réduire, voire supprimer, les contraintes résiduelles, peut être réalisé selon différents manières. Une manière connue de l'homme du métier est d'utiliser un dressage par torsion, tel que décrit dans WO2015014510. Toutefois, un tel dressage limite fortement la vitesse de défilement et donc de production du monofilament métallique. En effet, en raison de la torsion qui doit être infligée au monofilament métallique et qui doit être suffisante pour réduire les contraintes résiduelles, la vitesse de défilement du mono filament métallique est inférieure à 300 m.min-l et plus généralement de l'ordre de 250 m.min-1. Dans le mode de réalisation dans lequel l'étape de dressage est réalisée en exerçant des efforts en flexion perpendiculairement à l'axe principal du mono filament métallique et en tension selon l'axe principal du monofilament métallique et non des efforts de torsion, la vitesse de défilement, et donc de production monofilament métallique peut être beaucoup plus élevée, notamment supérieure à 500 m.min-1, et généralement supérieure à 600 m.min-1. Training to reduce or eliminate residual stresses can be achieved in different ways. One way known to those skilled in the art is to use torsional dressing, as described in WO2015014510. However, such training greatly limits the speed of movement and thus production of the metal monofilament. Indeed, because of the twist that must be inflicted on the metal monofilament and which must be sufficient to reduce the residual stresses, the speed of travel of the metal monofilament is less than 300 m.min-1 and more generally of the order of 250 m.min-1. In the embodiment in which the dressing step is carried out by exerting bending forces perpendicular to the main axis of the metal monofilament and in tension along the main axis of the metal monofilament and not torsion forces, the speed of scrolling, and thus production of metal monofilament can be much higher, especially greater than 500 m.min-1, and generally greater than 600 m.min-1.
En outre, l'utilisation d'un dressage par torsion engendre une ondulation du monofilament métallique. Lors de la fabrication de la nappe, on agence les mono filaments métalliques parallèlement les uns à côté des autres. En raison de l'ondulation précédemment décrite, il arrive que deux monofilaments métalliques adjacents l'un à l'autre se touchent ce qui inacceptable. En effet, lors des efforts répétés de la nappe lors du fonctionnement du pneumatique, les deux monofilaments métalliques au contact l'un de l'autre vont frotter et s'user prématurément.  In addition, the use of a twist dressing causes a waviness of the metal monofilament. During the manufacture of the web, the metal filaments are arranged parallel to one another. Because of the ripple previously described, it happens that two metal monofilaments adjacent to each other touch each other which is unacceptable. Indeed, during the repeated efforts of the web during operation of the tire, the two metal monofilaments in contact with each other will rub and wear prematurely.
Dans le premier mode de réalisation, notamment représenté sur les figures 2 et 4, les cabestans amont 22 et aval 32 sont mobiles en rotation autour d'axes de rotation distincts. Plus précisément, le cabestan amont 22 est mobile en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation amont Al et le cabestan aval 32 est mobile en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation aval A2. De préférence, les axes de rotation amont Al et aval A2 sont sensiblement parallèles l'un à l'autre.  In the first embodiment, shown in particular in FIGS. 2 and 4, the upstream and downstream capstans 22 are movable in rotation about distinct axes of rotation. More specifically, the upstream capstan 22 is rotatable about an upstream axis of rotation A1 and the downstream capstan 32 is rotatable about a downstream axis of rotation A2. Preferably, the upstream Al and downstream A2 rotation axes are substantially parallel to each other.
Le passage du mono filament métallique 12 par le système de dressage 40 a pour conséquence éventuelle un allongement du mono filament métallique 12. En effet, le mono filament métallique 12 peut présenter, notamment selon la composition chimique du métal du mono filament, selon la tension appliquée au mono filament et selon les efforts appliqués lors de l'étape de dressage, un allongement pouvant aller jusqu'à 1% en sortie du système de dressage 40, ce qui peut induire une baisse de tension du mono filament métallique 12 en entrée et en sortie du système de dressage 40. En fonction des paramètres utilisés dans le dispositif et le procédé, l'homme du métier est capable de déterminer l'allongement généré par le système de dressage 40.  The passage of the metal monofilament 12 through the dressing system 40 has the possible consequence of an elongation of the metal monofilament 12. In fact, the metal monofilament 12 may have, in particular according to the chemical composition of the metal of the monofilament, depending on the voltage applied to the monofilament and according to the forces applied during the dressing step, an elongation of up to 1% at the output of the dressing system 40, which can induce a voltage drop of the metal mono-filament 12 input and at the output of the dressing system 40. Depending on the parameters used in the device and the method, those skilled in the art are able to determine the elongation generated by the dressing system 40.
Afin de compenser cet éventuel allongement, le dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage est agencé de sorte qu'en fonctionnement, la vitesse circonférentielle amont VI et la vitesse circonférentielle aval V2 sont telles que 1 < V2/V1 < 1,02. Autrement dit, le rapport entre la vitesse circonférentielle aval V2 et la vitesse circonférentielle amont VI va de 1,00 à 1,02. In order to compensate for this possible elongation, the traction and dressing device 10 is arranged such that, in operation, the upstream circumferential speed VI and the downstream circumferential speed V2 are such that 1 <V2 / V1 <1.02. In other words, the ratio between the downstream circumferential speed V2 and the upstream circumferential speed VI is from 1.00 to 1.02.
Dans une première variante utilisant le dispositif 10 selon le premier mode de réalisation, les vitesses circonférentielles VI et V2 amont et aval sont identiques. Autrement dit, le rapport entre la vitesse circonférentielle aval V2 et la vitesse circonférentielle amont VI est tel que : V2/V1 = 1. Dans cette variante, le monofilament métallique 12 ne présente pas d'allongement. Il n'existe donc aucune baisse de tension à compenser.  In a first variant using the device 10 according to the first embodiment, the circumferential speeds VI and V2 upstream and downstream are identical. In other words, the ratio between the downstream circumferential speed V2 and the upstream circumferential speed VI is such that: V2 / V1 = 1. In this variant, the metal monofilament 12 does not exhibit elongation. There is therefore no voltage drop to compensate.
Dans cette première variante, le diamètre amont Dl du cabestan amont 22 et le diamètre aval D2 du cabestan aval 32 sont configurés tels que 1 < D2/D1 < 1,02. Autrement dit, le rapport entre le diamètre aval D2 et le diamètre amont Dl va de 1,00 et 1,02.  In this first variant, the upstream diameter D1 of the upstream capstan 22 and the downstream diameter D2 of the downstream capstan 32 are configured such that 1 <D2 / D1 <1.02. In other words, the ratio between the downstream diameter D2 and the upstream diameter D1 is from 1.00 to 1.02.
Dans cette première variante, on peut avoir le cas dans lequel les diamètres Dl et D2 amont et aval sont identiques. Autrement dit, le rapport entre le diamètre aval D2 et le diamètre amont Dl est tel que D2/D1 = 1. Par exemple, les diamètres Dl et D2 peuvent être compris entre 200 mm et 400 mm, par exemple 300 mm.  In this first variant, one can have the case in which the diameters D1 and D2 upstream and downstream are identical. In other words, the ratio between the downstream diameter D2 and the upstream diameter D1 is such that D2 / D1 = 1. For example, the diameters D1 and D2 may be between 200 mm and 400 mm, for example 300 mm.
Dans cette première variante, on peut alternativement avoir le cas dans lequel, le rapport entre le diamètre aval D2 et le diamètre amont Dl est tel que D2/D1 > 1 et V2/V1 = 1. Dans ce cas, les vitesses angulaires Wl et W2 et les diamètres amont et aval Dl et D2 des cabestans amont 22 et aval 32 sont tels que W1/W2 = D2/D1 > 1.  In this first variant, one can alternatively have the case in which the ratio between the downstream diameter D2 and the upstream diameter D1 is such that D2 / D1> 1 and V2 / V1 = 1. In this case, the angular velocities W1 and W2 and the upstream and downstream diameters D1 and D2 of the upstream and downstream capstans 22 are such that W1 / W2 = D2 / D1> 1.
Dans une deuxième variante utilisant le dispositif 10 selon le premier mode de réalisation, le rapport entre la vitesse circonférentielle aval V2 et la vitesse circonférentielle amont VI est tel que V2/V1 > 1.  In a second variant using the device 10 according to the first embodiment, the ratio between the downstream circumferential speed V2 and the upstream circumferential speed VI is such that V2 / V1> 1.
Dans cette deuxième variante, le mono filament métallique 12 présente un allongement qu'il est nécessaire de compenser afin de ne pas induire de baisse de tension et de ne pas risquer de croisement des enroulements du mono filament métallique 12 au sein du dispositif, notamment de croisements des enroulements autour du corps du cabestan aval 32 et la poulie de renvoi aval 60.  In this second variant, the metal monofilament 12 has an elongation which it is necessary to compensate in order not to induce a drop in voltage and not to risk crossing the windings of the metal single filament 12 within the device, in particular crossings of the windings around the body of the downstream capstan 32 and the downstream return pulley 60.
Dans cette deuxième variante, comme dans la première variante, le diamètre amont Dl du cabestan amont 22 et le diamètre aval D2 du cabestan aval 32 sont configurés tels que 1 < D2/D1 < 1,02. Autrement dit, le rapport entre le diamètre aval D2 et le diamètre amont Dl va de 1,00 et 1,02. Dans cette deuxième variante, on peut avoir le cas dans lequel les diamètres Dl et D2 amont et aval sont identiques. Autrement dit, le rapport entre le diamètre aval D2 et le diamètre amont Dl est tel que D2/D1 = 1. Dans ce cas, les vitesses angulaires Wl et W2 et les vitesses circonférentielles VI et V2 des cabestans amont 22 et aval 32 sont telles que V2/V1 = W2/W1 >1. In this second variant, as in the first variant, the upstream diameter D1 of the upstream capstan 22 and the downstream diameter D2 of the downstream capstan 32 are configured such that 1 <D2 / D1 <1.02. In other words, the ratio between the downstream diameter D2 and the upstream diameter D1 is from 1.00 to 1.02. In this second variant, one can have the case in which the diameters D1 and D2 upstream and downstream are identical. In other words, the ratio between the downstream diameter D2 and the upstream diameter D1 is such that D2 / D1 = 1. In this case, the angular velocities W1 and W2 and the circumferential speeds V1 and V2 of the upstream and downstream capstans 22 and 32 are such that V2 / V1 = W2 / W1> 1.
Dans cette deuxième variante, on peut alternativement avoir le cas dans lequel, le rapport entre le diamètre aval D2 et le diamètre amont Dl sont tels que D2/D1 > 1 et V2/V1 > 1. Dans ce cas, les vitesses angulaires Wl et W2 des cabestans amont 22 et aval 32 sont telles que W2/W1 = (V2 x Dl) / (D2 x VI) > 1.  In this second variant, one can alternatively have the case in which the ratio between the downstream diameter D2 and the upstream diameter D1 are such that D2 / D1> 1 and V2 / V1> 1. In this case, the angular velocities W1 and W2 capstans upstream 22 and downstream 32 are such that W2 / W1 = (V2 x D1) / (D2 x VI)> 1.
On a représenté sur les figures 6 à 8 un dispositif de traction et de dressage selon un deuxième mode de réalisation. FIGS. 6 to 8 show a traction and dressing device according to a second embodiment.
A la différence du premier mode de réalisation, les cabestans amont 22 et aval 32 sont mobiles en rotation autour d'un même axe commun de rotation, noté A5 sur les figures 6 et 8.  Unlike the first embodiment, the upstream and downstream capstans 22 are movable in rotation about the same common axis of rotation, denoted by A5 in FIGS. 6 and 8.
En particulier, les cabestans amont 22 et aval 32 sont solidaires en rotation de l'axe commun de rotation A5 de sorte que lorsque le dispositif 10 est en fonctionnement, les vitesses angulaires Wl et W2 amont et aval sont identiques. Autrement dit, les vitesses angulaire aval W2 et amont Wl vérifient W2/W1=1.  In particular, the upstream and downstream capstans 22 are integral in rotation with the common axis of rotation A5 so that when the device 10 is in operation, the upstream and downstream angular speeds W1 and W2 are identical. In other words, the downstream angular velocities W2 and upstream W1 satisfy W2 / W1 = 1.
A la différence du premier mode de réalisation, les corps cylindriques droits des cabestans amont 22 et aval 32 sont jointifs et solidaires en rotation autour de l'axe A5. Comme représenté sur les figures 6 et 8, les corps cylindriques droits des cabestans amont 22 et aval 32 forment un corps cylindrique commun 70 de révolution autour de l'axe commun A5 aux corps cylindriques droits des cabestans amont 22 et aval 32. Le corps commun 70 comprend de préférence des moyens de séparation axiaux des corps cylindriques droits des cabestans amont 22 et aval 32. Plus précisément, les moyens de séparation axiaux des corps cylindriques droits des cabestans amont 22 et aval 32 peuvent comprendre une nervure 72 s'étendant circonférentiellement autour de l'axe commun A5. En particulier, la nervure est ménagée sur une face radialement externe du corps commun 70.  Unlike the first embodiment, the straight cylindrical bodies of the capstans upstream 22 and downstream 32 are joined and integral in rotation about the axis A5. As represented in FIGS. 6 and 8, the straight cylindrical bodies of the upstream and downstream capstans 22 form a common cylindrical body 70 of revolution about the common axis A5 to the straight cylindrical bodies of the upstream and downstream capstans 22. 70 preferably comprises means for axial separation of the straight cylindrical bodies of the upstream and downstream capstans 22. More specifically, the axial separation means of the straight cylindrical bodies of the upstream and downstream capstans 32 may comprise a rib 72 extending circumferentially around of the common axis A5. In particular, the rib is formed on a radially outer face of the common body 70.
De façon préférentielle, le cabestan amont 22 est agencé à un niveau axialement inférieur par rapport au niveau du cabestan aval 32. En d'autres termes, le cabestan amont 22 est agencé sous le cabestan 32 par rapport aux moyens de séparation. Preferably, the upstream capstan 22 is arranged at an axially lower level with respect to the level of the downstream capstan 32. In other words, the Capstan upstream 22 is arranged under the capstan 32 relative to the separation means.
A la différence du premier mode de réalisation, les poulies de renvoi amont 50 et aval 60 sont mobiles en rotation autour d'un même axe commun de rotation, noté A6 sur les figures 6 et 8. Dans ce deuxième mode de réalisation, les poulies de renvoi amont 50 et aval 60 sont libres en rotation indépendamment l'une de l'autre.  Unlike the first embodiment, the upstream and downstream return pulleys 50 and 60 are rotatable about a common common axis of rotation, denoted by A6 in FIGS. 6 and 8. In this second embodiment, the pulleys Upstream 50 and downstream 60 are free to rotate independently of each other.
La poulie de renvoi amont 50 est agencée à un niveau axialement inférieur par rapport au niveau de la poulie de renvoi aval 60.  The upstream return pulley 50 is arranged at an axially lower level with respect to the level of the downstream return pulley 60.
Comme représenté sur les figures 7 et 8, dans ce deuxième mode de réalisation, comme dans le premier mode de réalisation, les poulies de renvoi amont 50 et aval 60 comprennent des moyens de guidage axial 52, 62 du monofilament métallique 12.  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in this second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the upstream and downstream return pulleys 50 and 60 comprise axial guide means 52, 62 of the metal monofilament 12.
L'axe commun de rotation A5 des cabestans est sensiblement parallèle à l'axe commun de rotation A6 des poulies de renvoi.  The common axis of rotation A5 of the capstans is substantially parallel to the common axis of rotation A6 of the return pulleys.
Afin de compenser un éventuel allongement du mono filament métallique, le dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage est agencé de sorte qu'en fonctionnement, la vitesse circonférentielle amont VI et la vitesse circonférentielle aval V2 sont telles que 1 < V2/V1 < 1,02. Autrement dit, le rapport entre la vitesse circonférentielle aval V2 et la vitesse circonférentielle amont VI va de 1,00 à 1,02.  In order to compensate for any elongation of the metal monofilament, the traction and dressing device 10 is arranged such that, in operation, the upstream circumferential speed VI and the downstream circumferential speed V2 are such that 1 <V2 / V1 <1, 02. In other words, the ratio between the downstream circumferential speed V2 and the upstream circumferential speed VI is from 1.00 to 1.02.
Dans une première variante utilisant le dispositif 10 selon le deuxième mode de réalisation, les vitesses circonférentielles VI et V2 amont et aval sont identiques. Autrement dit, le rapport entre la vitesse circonférentielle aval V2 et la vitesse circonférentielle amont VI peut être tel que : V2/V1 = 1. Dans cette variante, le monofilament métallique 12 ne présente pas d'allongement. Il n'existe donc aucune baisse de tension à compenser.  In a first variant using the device 10 according to the second embodiment, the circumferential speeds VI and V2 upstream and downstream are identical. In other words, the ratio between the downstream circumferential speed V2 and the upstream circumferential speed VI may be such that: V2 / V1 = 1. In this variant, the metal monofilament 12 does not exhibit elongation. There is therefore no voltage drop to compensate.
Dans cette première variante, le diamètre amont Dl du cabestan amont 22 et le diamètre aval D2 du cabestan aval 32 sont configurés tels que D2/Dl = l . Autrement dit, dans cette première variante, les diamètres amont Dl et aval D2 sont identiques car les cabestans amont 22 et aval 32 sont solidaires en rotation de l'axe commun de rotation A5.  In this first variant, the upstream diameter D1 of the upstream capstan 22 and the downstream diameter D2 of the downstream capstan 32 are configured such that D2 / D1 = 1. In other words, in this first variant, the upstream diameters D1 and downstream D2 are identical because the upstream and downstream capstans 22 and 32 are integral in rotation with the common axis of rotation A5.
Dans une deuxième variante utilisant le dispositif 10 selon le deuxième mode de réalisation, le rapport entre la vitesse circonférentielle aval V2 et la vitesse circonférentielle amont VI est tel que V2/V1 > 1. Dans cette deuxième variante, le mono filament métallique 12 présente un allongement qu'il est nécessaire de compenser afin de ne pas induire de baisse de tension et de ne pas risquer de croisement des enroulements du mono filament métallique 12 au sein du dispositif, notamment de croisement des enroulements autour du corps du cabestan aval 32 et de la poulie de renvoi aval 60. In a second variant using the device 10 according to the second embodiment, the ratio between the downstream circumferential speed V2 and the speed circumferential upstream VI is such that V2 / V1> 1. In this second variant, the metal monofilament 12 has an elongation that it is necessary to compensate in order not to induce a drop in voltage and not to risk crossing the windings of the metal single filament 12 within the device, in particular crossing the windings around the body of the downstream capstan 32 and the downstream return pulley 60.
Dans cette deuxième variante, le diamètre amont Dl du cabestan amont 22 et le diamètre aval D2 du cabestan aval 32 sont configurés tels que 1 < D2/D1 < 1,02. In this second variant, the upstream diameter D1 of the upstream capstan 22 and the downstream diameter D2 of the downstream capstan 32 are configured such that 1 <D2 / D1 <1.02.
Autrement dit, dans cette deuxième variante, les diamètres Dl et D2 amont et aval sont différents et vérifient V2/V1 = D2/D1 > 1 car les cabestans amont 22 et aval 32 sont solidaires en rotation de l'axe commun de rotation A5, et donc les vitesses angulaires Wl et W2 sont identiques. In other words, in this second variant, the diameters D1 and D2 upstream and downstream are different and verify V2 / V1 = D2 / D1> 1 because the upstream capstans 22 and downstream 32 are integral in rotation with the common axis of rotation A5, and therefore the angular velocities W1 and W2 are identical.
En outre, dans ce deuxième mode de réalisation, le dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage peut comprendre une poulie de renvoi 80, notamment représentée sur la figure 6, agencée entre le système de dressage 40 et le corps commun 70 des cabestans. La poulie de renvoi 80 est configurée pour recevoir le monofilament métallique 12 du système de dressage 40, et pour le renvoyer sur le corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval 32. L'invention a également pour objet une installation de fabrication d'un mono filament métallique. En particulier, la figure 9 représente schématiquement une telle installation 100 de fabrication d'un mono filament métallique.  In addition, in this second embodiment, the device 10 for traction and training may comprise a return pulley 80, in particular shown in Figure 6, arranged between the dressing system 40 and the common body 70 of the capstans. The return pulley 80 is configured to receive the metal monofilament 12 of the dressing system 40, and to return it to the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32. The subject of the invention is also an installation for manufacturing a metallic monofilament . In particular, Figure 9 shows schematically such a plant 100 for manufacturing a metal mono filament.
L'installation 100 de fabrication d'un monofilament métallique comprend, d'amont en aval dans le sens de défilement du monofilament métallique 12, un dispositif de déroulage 110 du mono filament métallique 12 de diamètre d' , un dispositif de tréfilage 120 du monofilament métallique 12 de diamètre d' jusqu'au diamètre d, un dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage du mono filament métallique 12 tel que décrit précédemment, et un dispositif d'enroulage 130 du monofilament métallique.  The installation 100 for manufacturing a metal monofilament comprises, from upstream to downstream in the direction of travel of the metal monofilament 12, a peeling device 110 of the metal monofilament 12 having a diameter of 12, a drawing device 120 of the monofilament metal 12 of diameter up to diameter d, a device 10 for pulling and straightening the metal monofilament 12 as described above, and a winding device 130 of the metal monofilament.
Le dispositif de déroulage 110 du monofilament métallique de diamètre d'>d The unwinding device 110 of the metal monofilament of diameter of> d
12 est agencé en amont du dispositif de tréfilage 120. Le dispositif de déroulage 110 est configuré pour dérouler le monofilament métallique de diamètre d'>d, puis pour envoyer le monofilament métallique de diamètre d'>d vers le dispositif de tréfilage 120. En l'espèce, le dispositif de déroulage 110 comprend une bobine de stockage. 12 is arranged upstream of the wire drawing device 120. The unwinding device 110 is configured to unwind the metal monofilament with a diameter of> d, then to sending the metal monofilament of diameter d> to the drawing device 120. In this case, the unwinding device 110 comprises a storage reel.
L'installation 100 peut comprendre une poulie de renvoi disposée entre le dispositif de déroulage 110 et le dispositif de tréfilage 120.  The installation 100 may comprise a return pulley disposed between the unrolling device 110 and the drawing device 120.
Le dispositif de tréfilage 120 est configuré pour réduire la section du mono filament métallique de diamètre d', et pour envoyer le mono filament métallique 12 de diamètre d obtenu vers le dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage.  The wire drawing device 120 is configured to reduce the diameter of the diameter of the metal monofilament section and to send the metal monofilament 12 of diameter d obtained to the traction and dressing device.
L'installation 100 peut également comprendre une poulie de renvoi disposée entre le dispositif de tréfilage 120 et le dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage.  The installation 100 may also comprise a return pulley disposed between the drawing device 120 and the traction and dressing device.
Le dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage du monofilament métallique 12 est agencé en aval du dispositif de tréfilage 120.  The device 10 for pulling and straightening the metal monofilament 12 is arranged downstream of the drawing device 120.
Le dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage comprend des cabestans configurés pour tirer le mono filament métallique 12 et des unités de dressage configurées pour dresser le monofilament métallique 12, et est configuré pour envoyer le monofilament métallique 12 vers le dispositif d'enroulage 130.  The pulling and training device 10 comprises capstans configured to pull the metal monofilament 12 and dressing units configured to draw the metal monofilament 12, and is configured to feed the metal monofilament 12 to the winding device 130.
En outre, l'installation 100 peut comprendre une poulie de renvoi disposée entre le dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage et le dispositif d'enroulage 130.  In addition, the installation 100 may comprise a return pulley disposed between the traction and dressing device 10 and the winding device 130.
Le dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage du monofilament métallique 12 est agencé en amont du dispositif d'enroulage 130.  The device 10 for pulling and straightening the metal monofilament 12 is arranged upstream of the winding device 130.
Le dispositif d'enroulage 130 est configuré pour enrouler le monofilament métallique 12. En l'espèce, le dispositif d'enroulage 130 comprend une bobine de stockage.  The winding device 130 is configured to wind the metal monofilament 12. In this case, the winding device 130 comprises a storage coil.
L'invention a également pour objet un procédé de traction et de dressage d'un monofilament métallique 12. Le procédé est réalisé au moyen d'un dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage du mono filament métallique 12 tel que décrit précédemment. The invention also relates to a method of pulling and straightening a metal monofilament 12. The method is carried out by means of a device 10 for pulling and straightening the metal monofilament 12 as described above.
Le procédé de traction et de dressage comprend une étape de fourniture d'un dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage selon l'invention, au cours de laquelle un dispositif 10 de traction et de dressage comprenant des systèmes de traction amont 20 et aval 30, et un système de dressage 40 est fourni.  The traction and dressing method comprises a step of providing a traction and training device 10 according to the invention, during which a traction and training device comprising upstream and downstream traction systems 30, and a dressing system 40 is provided.
Le procédé comprend également une étape de fourniture d'un monofilament métallique 12. Le procédé comprend une étape de traction et de dressage d'un monofïlament métallique 12, au cours de laquelle les vitesses circonférentielles VI et V2 amont et aval respectivement de chaque cabestan amont 22 et aval 32 sont telles que : 1 < V2/V1 < 1,02. Le procédé peut être mis en œuvre en utilisant les premier et deuxième modes de réalisation du dispositif de traction et de dressage décrits précédemment et dans les variantes correspondantes. The method also comprises a step of supplying a metal monofilament 12. The method comprises a step of pulling and straightening a metal monofilament 12, during which the circumferential speeds VI and V2 upstream and downstream respectively of each upstream capstan 22 and downstream 32 are such that: 1 <V2 / V1 <1 02. The method can be implemented using the first and second embodiments of the traction and training device described above and in the corresponding variants.
Le procédé peut comprendre une étape d'enroulement amont, au cours de laquelle le monofïlament métallique 12 s'enroule au moins une fois successivement partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont 22 et partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi amont 50.  The method may comprise a step of upstream winding, during which the metal monofilament 12 is wound at least once successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22 and partially around the upstream return pulley 50.
Le procédé peut également comprendre une étape d'enroulement aval, au cours de laquelle le monofïlament métallique s'enroule au moins une fois successivement partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval 32 et partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi aval 60.  The method may also comprise a downstream winding step, during which the metal monofilament is wound at least once successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32 and partially around the downstream return pulley 60.
En particulier, lors de mise en œuvre du procédé de traction et de dressage d'un monofïlament métallique 12, le monofïlament métallique 12 décrit un enroulage partiel autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont 22, puis un enroulage partiel autour de la poulie de renvoi amont 50. De façon optionnelle, le monofïlament métallique 12 décrit un enroulage partiel autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont 22, puis un enroulage partiel autour de la poulie de renvoi amont 50. Ensuite, le monofïlament métallique 12 décrit un passage dans le système de dressage 40, puis un enroulage partiel autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval 32. Optionnellement, le monofïlament métallique 12 décrit un enroulage partiel autour de la poulie de renvoi aval 60, puis enroulage partiel autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval 32. Ensuite, le monofïlament métallique 12 décrit un enroulage partiel autour de la poulie de renvoi aval 60.  In particular, during the implementation of the method of pulling and straightening a metal monofilament 12, the metal monofilament 12 describes a partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22, then a partial winding around the return pulley. upstream 50. Optionally, the metal monofilament 12 describes a partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan 22, then a partial winding around the upstream return pulley 50. Next, the metal monofilament 12 describes a passage in the system 40, then a partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32. Optionally, the metal monofilament 12 describes a partial winding around the downstream return pulley 60, then partial winding around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan 32. Then, the metal monofilament 12 describes a partial winding around the downstream return pulley 60.
Lors du procédé, on applique au monofïlament métallique 12, dans le dispositif 10, une tension allant de 5 % à 20 %, de préférence de 5 % à 15 % et plus préférentiellement de 5 % à 10 % de la force à rupture du monofïlament métallique 12. En l'espèce, le monofïlament métallique 12 de diamètre 0,30 mm présente une résistance mécanique mesurée selon la norme ASTM D2969-04 comprise entre 3200 et 3700 MPa. Ici, cette résistance mécanique est égale à 3500 MPa, soit une force à rupture égale à 250 N. On applique au monofïlament une tension égale à 25 N, soit 10 % de la force à rupture du mono ïlament métallique 12. During the process, a tension ranging from 5% to 20%, preferably from 5% to 15% and more preferably from 5% to 10% of the breaking strength of the monofilament is applied to the metal monofilament 12 in the device 10. In the present case, the metal monofilament 12 with a diameter of 0.30 mm has a mechanical strength measured according to ASTM D2969-04 of between 3200 and 3700 MPa. Here, this mechanical strength is equal to 3500 MPa, a force at a rupture equal to 250 N. A tension equal to 25 N is applied to the monofilament, ie 10% of the breaking force of the metal monilament 12.
Dans les revendications, le mot « comprenant » n'exclut pas d'autres éléments ou étapes, et l'article indéfini « un » ou « une » n'exclut pas une pluralité. Le simple fait que différentes caractéristiques soient citées dans différentes revendications dépendantes n'indique pas qu'une combinaison de ces caractéristiques ne peut être avantageusement envisagée. Tout signe de référence dans les revendications ne doit pas être interprété comme limitant la portée de l'invention. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. The mere fact that different features are cited in different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these features can be advantageously contemplated. Any reference sign in the claims should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif (10) de traction et de dressage d'un monofilament métallique (12) comportant : Apparatus (10) for pulling and straightening a metal monofilament (12) comprising:
- des systèmes de traction amont (20) et aval (30), le système de traction amont - upstream (20) and downstream (30) traction systems, the upstream traction system
(20) étant agencé en amont du système de traction aval (30) dans le sens de défilement du mono filament métallique (12), (20) being arranged upstream of the downstream traction system (30) in the running direction of the metal single filament (12),
- un système de dressage (40) du mono filament métallique (12) agencé entre les systèmes de traction amont (20) et aval (30),  a training system (40) for the metal monofilament (12) arranged between the upstream (20) and downstream (30) traction systems,
dispositif dans lequel chaque système de traction amont (20) et aval (30) comprend respectivement un cabestan amont (22) et aval (32) agencé pour tirer le monofilament métallique, chaque cabestan amont (22) et aval (32) comprenant un corps cylindrique droit d'enroulage du mono filament métallique (12) respectivement de diamètre amont et aval Dl et D2, le dispositif (10) étant agencé de sorte qu'en fonctionnement, les vitesses circonférentielles VI et V2 amont et aval respectivement de chaque cabestan amont (22) et aval (32) sont telles que 1 < V2/V1 < 1,02. device in which each upstream (20) and downstream (30) upstream traction system respectively comprises an upstream (22) and downstream (32) capstan arranged to pull the metallic monofilament, each upstream (22) and downstream (32) capstan comprising a body right cylindrical winding of the metal monofilament (12) respectively of upstream and downstream diameter Dl and D2, the device (10) being arranged so that in operation, the circumferential speeds VI and V2 upstream and downstream respectively of each upstream capstan (22) and downstream (32) are such that 1 <V2 / V1 <1.02.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel V2/V1 = 1. 2. Device according to claim 1, wherein V2 / V1 = 1.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel V2/V1 > 1. 3. Device according to claim 1, wherein V2 / V1> 1.
4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel 1 < D2/D1 < 1,02. 4. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein 1 <D2 / D1 <1.02.
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, dans lequel D2 = Dl . 5. Device according to claim 4, wherein D2 = D1.
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, dans lequel D2 > Dl . 6. Device according to claim 4, wherein D2> D1.
7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel Dl et D2 sont tels que Dl>200.d et D2>200.d avec d étant le diamètre du mono filament métallique, de préférence Dl>500.d et D2>500.d et encore plus préférentiellement Dl>700.d et D2>700.d. 7. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein D1 and D2 are such that D1> 200.d and D2> 200.d with d being the diameter of the single filament metal, preferably D1> 500.d and D2> 500.d and even more preferably D1> 700.d and D2> 700.d.
8. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel les cabestans amont (22) et aval (32) sont mobiles en rotation autour d'un même axe de rotation. 8. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the upstream capstan (22) and downstream (32) are rotatable about a same axis of rotation.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel les cabestans amont (22) et aval (32) sont solidaires en rotation du même axe de rotation de façon à ce que, lorsque le dispositif est en fonctionnement, les vitesses angulaires Wl et W2 respectivement de chaque cabestan amont (22) et aval (32) vérifient W2/W1 = 1. 9. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the upstream capstan (22) and downstream (32) are integral in rotation of the same axis of rotation so that, when the device is in operation, the angular velocities W1 and W2 respectively each capstan upstream (22) and downstream (32) check W2 / W1 = 1.
10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel les corps cylindriques droits des cabestans amont (22) et aval (32) sont jointifs de façon à former un corps commun de révolution autour d'un axe commun aux corps cylindriques droits des cabestans amont (22) et aval (32). 10. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the straight cylindrical bodies of the capstans upstream (22) and downstream (32) are joined to form a common body of revolution about an axis common to the bodies straight cylinders of upstream (22) and downstream (32) capstans.
11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel les cabestans amont (22) et aval (32) sont mobiles en rotation autour respectivement d'axes distincts amont (Al) et aval (A2) de rotation, les axes amont (Al) et aval (A2) étant sensiblement parallèles l'un à l'autre. 11. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the upstream (22) and downstream (32) capstans are movable in rotation around respectively separate upstream (Al) and downstream (A2) axes of rotation. upstream (Al) and downstream (A2) axes being substantially parallel to one another.
12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le système de dressage (40) comporte des premières et deuxièmes unités de dressage (42, 44) successives, chaque première et deuxième unité de dressage (42, 44) définissant respectivement une première et une deuxième direction de dressage, les première et une deuxième directions de dressage étant sensiblement perpendiculaires l'une par rapport à l'autre. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the dressing system (40) comprises successive first and second dressing units (42, 44), each first and second dressing unit (42, 44) defining respectively a first and a second dressing direction, the first and second dressing directions being substantially perpendicular to each other.
13. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant une poulie de renvoi amont (50) du mono filament métallique (12) depuis le cabestan amont (22) vers le cabestan amont (22), le cabestan amont (22) et la poulie de renvoi amont (50) étant agencés pour que le monofïlament métallique (12) s'enroule au moins une fois successivement partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan amont (22) et partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi amont (50). 13. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising an upstream return pulley (50) of the metal monofilament (12) from the upstream capstan (22) to the upstream capstan (22), the upstream capstan (22) and the return pulley upstream (50) being arranged so that the metal monofilament (12) is wound at least once successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the upstream capstan (22) and partially around the upstream return pulley (50).
14. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant une poulie de renvoi aval (60) du monofïlament métallique (12) depuis le cabestan aval (32) vers le cabestan aval (32), le cabestan aval (32) et la poulie de renvoi aval (60) étant agencés pour que le monofïlament métallique (12) s'enroule au moins une fois successivement partiellement autour du corps cylindrique droit du cabestan aval (32) et partiellement autour de la poulie de renvoi aval (60). Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a downstream diverting pulley (60) of the metal monofilament (12) from the downstream capstan (32) to the downstream capstan (32), the downstream capstan (32) and the the downstream return pulley (60) being arranged so that the metal monofilament (12) is wound at least partially successively partially around the right cylindrical body of the downstream capstan (32) and partially around the downstream return pulley (60).
15. Dispositif selon la revendication 13 ou 14, dans lequel chaque poulie de renvoi amont (50) et aval (60) étant mobile en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation (A3, A4), la poulie de renvoi amont (50) et/ou aval (60) comprend des moyens de guidage axial (52, 62) du monofïlament métallique (12). 15. Device according to claim 13 or 14, wherein each upstream (50) and downstream (60) return pulley being rotatable about an axis of rotation (A3, A4), the upstream return pulley (50). and / or downstream (60) comprises axial guiding means (52, 62) of the metal monofilament (12).
16. Installation (100) de fabrication d'un monofïlament métallique (12), caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend, d'amont en aval dans le sens de défilement du monofïlament métallique (12) : 16. Installation (100) for manufacturing a metal monofilament (12), characterized in that it comprises, from upstream to downstream in the direction of travel of the metal monofilament (12):
- un dispositif de déroulage (110) du monofïlament métallique (12),  - a peeling device (110) of the metal monofilament (12),
- un dispositif (10) de traction et de dressage du monofïlament métallique (12) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,  a device (10) for pulling and straightening the metallic monofilament (12) according to any one of the preceding claims,
- un dispositif d'enroulage (130) du monofïlament métallique (12).  - A winding device (130) of the metal monofilament (12).
17. Installation (100) selon la revendication précédente, comprenant un dispositif de tréfilage (120) agencé en amont du dispositif (10) de traction et de dressage du monofïlament métallique (12) et en aval du dispositif de déroulage (110) du monofïlament métallique (12). 17. Installation (100) according to the preceding claim, comprising a wire drawing device (120) arranged upstream of the device (10) for pulling and straightening the metal monofilament (12) and downstream of the unwinding device (110) of the monofilament metallic (12).
18. Procédé de traction et de dressage d'un monofïlament métallique (12) réalisé au moyen d'un dispositif (10) de traction et de dressage du monofïlament métallique (12) comportant : des systèmes de traction amont (20) et aval (30), le système de traction amont (20) étant agencé en amont du système de traction aval (30) dans le sens de défilement du mono filament métallique (12), 18. A method for pulling and straightening a metallic monofilament (12) made by means of a device (10) for pulling and straightening the metallic monofilament (12) comprising: upstream (20) and downstream (30) traction systems, the upstream traction system (20) being arranged upstream of the downstream traction system (30) in the traveling direction of the metal single filament (12),
- un système de dressage (40) du mono filament métallique (12) agencé entre les systèmes de traction amont (20) et aval (30),  a training system (40) for the metal monofilament (12) arranged between the upstream (20) and downstream (30) traction systems,
dispositif (10) dans lequel chaque système de traction amont (20) et aval (30) comprend respectivement un cabestan amont (22) et aval (32) agencé pour tirer le monofilament métallique (12), chaque cabestan amont (22) et aval (32) comprenant un corps cylindrique droit d'enroulage du monofilament métallique (12) respectivement de diamètre amont et aval Dl et D2, device (10) in which each upstream (20) and downstream (30) traction system comprises respectively an upstream (22) and downstream (32) capstan arranged to pull the metallic monofilament (12), each upstream (22) and downstream capstan (32) comprising a cylindrical straight body of winding of the metal monofilament (12) respectively of upstream and downstream diameter D1 and D2,
procédé au cours duquel les vitesses circonférentielles VI et V2 amont et aval respectivement de chaque cabestan amont (22) et aval (32) sont telles que 1 < V2/V1 < 1,02. process in which the upstream and downstream circumferential velocities VI and V2 respectively of each upstream (22) and downstream (32) capstan are such that 1 <V2 / V1 <1.02.
19. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel on applique une tension au mono filament métallique (12) allant de 5 % à 20 %, de préférence de 5 % à 15 % et plus préférentiellement de 5 % à 10 % de la force à rupture du mono filament métallique (12). 19. Method according to the preceding claim, wherein a tension is applied to the metal monofilament (12) ranging from 5% to 20%, preferably from 5% to 15% and more preferably from 5% to 10% of the force. rupture of the metallic mono filament (12).
EP17724591.7A 2016-05-27 2017-05-24 Device and method for pulling and straightening a metallic monofilament Active EP3463711B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1654783A FR3051696B1 (en) 2016-05-27 2016-05-27 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR TRACTING AND DRESSING A METAL MONOFILAMENT
PCT/EP2017/062622 WO2017202960A1 (en) 2016-05-27 2017-05-24 Device and method for pulling and straightening a metallic monofilament

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EP3463711B1 EP3463711B1 (en) 2023-02-22

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BR (1) BR112018074379B1 (en)
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CN87202373U (en) * 1987-02-28 1988-01-06 机械工业部上海电缆研究所 Optic fibre intensity screening equipment
JPH07236911A (en) * 1994-02-28 1995-09-12 Toshiba Corp Multi-stage wire drawing machine and multi-stage wire drawing method
FR2729373A1 (en) * 1995-01-16 1996-07-19 Trefimetaux PACKAGING IN FUT OF PRE-DRESSED COPPER ALLOY WIRE
DE19741934C2 (en) * 1997-09-23 2003-02-06 Felten & Guilleaume Kabelwerk Device and method for controlling the upsetting of a metal tube with at least one internal optical waveguide
CN201783522U (en) * 2010-06-18 2011-04-06 杨吉明 Transmission mechanism of multi-grooved wheelset roller tractor
CN201807618U (en) * 2010-10-15 2011-04-27 常州贝斯塔德机械科技有限公司 High-tension control device
KR101912976B1 (en) * 2011-09-09 2018-10-29 베카에르트 빈장 스틸 코드 코., 엘티디. An apparatus for filtering out defects in metal wires
CN103191939B (en) * 2013-04-11 2016-06-01 常州贝斯塔德机械科技有限公司 For the towing mechanism in drawing wire machine
CN104338873A (en) 2013-07-29 2015-02-11 贝卡尔特公司 Straight filament used for belted layer
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FR3051696B1 (en) 2018-06-15
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ES2943589T3 (en) 2023-06-14
EP3463711B1 (en) 2023-02-22
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BR112018074379A2 (en) 2019-03-06
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