EP3456879A1 - Soil compacting device - Google Patents

Soil compacting device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3456879A1
EP3456879A1 EP18190928.4A EP18190928A EP3456879A1 EP 3456879 A1 EP3456879 A1 EP 3456879A1 EP 18190928 A EP18190928 A EP 18190928A EP 3456879 A1 EP3456879 A1 EP 3456879A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
vibration
motor
electric motor
mass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18190928.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3456879B1 (en
Inventor
Michael Steffen
Walter Unverdorben
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Wacker Neuson Produktion GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3456879A1 publication Critical patent/EP3456879A1/en
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Publication of EP3456879B1 publication Critical patent/EP3456879B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/046—Improving by compacting by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/046—Improving by compacting by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil
    • E02D3/074—Vibrating apparatus operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
    • B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • B06B1/161—Adjustable systems, i.e. where amplitude or direction of frequency of vibration can be varied
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/22—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for consolidating or finishing laid-down unset materials
    • E01C19/30—Tamping or vibrating apparatus other than rollers ; Devices for ramming individual paving elements
    • E01C19/34—Power-driven rammers or tampers, e.g. air-hammer impacted shoes for ramming stone-sett paving; Hand-actuated ramming or tamping machines, e.g. tampers with manually hoisted dropping weight
    • E01C19/38—Power-driven rammers or tampers, e.g. air-hammer impacted shoes for ramming stone-sett paving; Hand-actuated ramming or tamping machines, e.g. tampers with manually hoisted dropping weight with means specifically for generating vibrations, e.g. vibrating plate compactors, immersion vibrators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vibration plate for soil compaction, with an upper mass and an elastically coupled to the upper mass lower mass with a vibration exciter device.
  • Such vibrating plates are already well known and are used for compacting loose ground in construction. For example, when backfilling excavation pits or dumping sand and gravel, the material must be compacted to produce the necessary load-bearing capacity. Only then can a final tar layer or plaster be applied.
  • Vibration plates have proven themselves, as they are available in different sizes and weight classes, so that a suitable machine is available for the respective application. Alternatively, rolls can be used, but due to their size and the associated increased transport costs are only used for larger areas.
  • Vibration plates are usually driven by internal combustion engines.
  • the internal combustion engine is arranged on the upper mass.
  • the driving force of the motor is transmitted from the upper mass by means of a belt drive or via a hydraulic connection to a vibration exciter, which is arranged on the lower mass.
  • the transmission of the driving force by means of belts or hydraulic lines often leads to problems due to the elastic coupling between upper and lower mass and requires at least regular maintenance and control.
  • the internal combustion engine is maintenance-prone and produces harmful exhaust gases to which the operator is exposed in poorly ventilated worksite areas, such as in construction sites. exposed to a ditch.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a vibrating plate, which reduces the disadvantages of the known vibrating plates and has a simple and low-maintenance design.
  • a vibration plate for soil compaction includes an upper mass on which at least one energy storage element is arranged.
  • the upper mass is elastically coupled to a lower mass which has at least one ground contact plate and a vibration exciter device acting on the lower mass.
  • the vibration exciter device has at least one electric motor which rotatably drives at least one rotatably mounted imbalance mass and which can be driven by means of the electrical energy of the at least one energy storage element.
  • Such a vibrating plate does not generate harmful exhaust gases due to the use of electric power as a driving force.
  • the motor providing the drive force for the imbalance mass is disposed on the lower mass so that no mechanical or hydraulic energy has to be transferred from the upper mass to the lower mass.
  • a shaft of the electric motor may extend across a longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate.
  • This arrangement is advantageous for driving the imbalance masses. So can be dispensed with a deflection of the rotation.
  • the longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate is defined by the direction of advance of the vibrating plate. The vibrating plate thereby advances in operation in a forward direction with the front end of the vibrating plate while the operator guides the vibrating plate on a handle bar at the rear end of the vibrating plate.
  • the longitudinal axis extends centrally from the front end of the vibrating plate to the rear end of the vibrating plate.
  • the vibration exciter device can have an electric motor with two imbalance masses, wherein the electric motor is arranged axially between the two imbalance masses.
  • the imbalance masses are rotatably connected to the shaft of the electric motor. With the central arrangement of the engine between the imbalance masses a uniform weight distribution is achieved on the lower mass. In addition, the storage of the two imbalance masses and the motor shaft is facilitated
  • the at least one electric motor is designed as a brushless electric motor, in particular as an electric motor of the types BLDC motor, SR motor or asynchronous motor.
  • So-called BLDC motors are also under the designations Brushless DC motor or brushless DC motor known.
  • SR motors are also known as reluctance motors. Characteristic of all these motors are the brushless design and thus the essentially maintenance-free and wear-free operation. The motors work reliably for a long time and can also be used in harsh everyday construction sites.
  • the vibration exciter device has at least two electric motors, each with associated imbalance masses, wherein the electric motors together with associated imbalance masses are arranged spatially separated from each other on the lower mass.
  • the use of two electric motors together with respective unbalanced masses improves the movement behavior of the vibrating plate.
  • the vibrating plate is easier to operate for the operator than when using only one electric motor with associated imbalance mass.
  • the at least two electric motors may be staggered along the longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate. This type of arrangement distributes the driving force of the imbalance masses more uniformly on the vibrating plate and leads to a better compaction result.
  • the vibration plate has an electronic control which controls and / or regulates the direction of rotation and rotational speed of the at least one electric motor.
  • the monitoring of the energy storage can be integrated, such as a so-called battery management system.
  • the electronic control can be designed to control the direction of rotation and / or rotational speed of at least two electric motors and / or to regulate and set independently.
  • two electric motors can result from an independent control of the two motors advantageous motion characteristics of the vibrating plate. For example, so that a reverse drive of the vibrating plate can be adjusted when the electric motors are adjusted so that the resulting force vectors of the respective imbalance masses cause a reverse drive.
  • a shake can be set, or a variation of the propulsion speed.
  • the energy storage element is arranged vibration decoupled at the upper mass.
  • the lower mass is connected sprung with the upper mass. Nevertheless, the upper mass and thus the energy storage element is exposed to vibrations. The life of the energy storage element can be extended if the vibrations are prevented as much as possible.
  • a vibration decoupling can be achieved for example by the arrangement of rubber buffers between the energy storage unit and the upper mass.
  • Fig. 1 shows a highly schematic side view of a variant of the vibrating plate (1) according to the invention with an upper mass (2) and a lower mass (5).
  • the upper mass (2) comprises a support frame (11) which is connected to a support plate (12). Furthermore, in the embodiment shown, the upper mass comprises at least one energy storage element (3) and an electronic control (10), which are arranged on the support frame (11). Furthermore, the upper mass (2) comprises an irrigation device (14) and a guide bar or drawbar (13) by means of which an operator can control the vibrating plate.
  • At least one operating element is arranged on the drawbar (13), by means of which an operator can control and / or regulate the function of the vibrating plate, ie in particular can switch the vibrating plate on and off.
  • the drawbar (13) is vibration-decoupled to the upper mass (2), so that harmful vibrations are only reduced to the drawbar and thus transmitted to an operator.
  • the irrigation device (14) comprises a container for receiving water, which can be discharged from a controlled closable and openable outlet to the soil to be compacted during operation of the vibrating plate. This is particularly advantageous in the compression of tar to avoid sticking of the vibrating plate on the tar.
  • the upper mass is connected by means of damping elements (15) with the lower mass (5).
  • the lower mass (5) comprises a ground contact plate (4), on which the vibrating plate (1) moves over the soil to be compacted and acts on it.
  • the lower mass (5) comprises a vibration exciter device (6) which generates mechanical vibrations and transmits them to the ground contact plate (4) to which it is connected.
  • the energy storage element (3) is vibration-damped arranged on the upper mass (2).
  • the energy storage element (3) on a holder (16) is arranged, which is vibration-damped connected to the upper mass (2).
  • This can be achieved by attachment by means of rubber buffers or by means of a rotary joint.
  • the energy storage element (3) by means of vibration dampers such as rubber buffers with the upper mass in contact.
  • the electronic control (10) may be arranged vibration-damped on the upper mass (2), for example, by this also on the holder (16) is arranged.
  • the electronic controller (10) serves to control and / or regulate the vibration exciter device (6).
  • the electronic control system (10) is designed to influence and adjust the electric motor (7) of the vibration exciter device (6), ie in particular to set and vary its speed and direction of rotation. If an embodiment according to the invention provides a vibration exciter device (6) with a plurality of electric motors, the electronic controller (10) is designed to set and influence the respective electric motors (7) independently of each other. In a variant, it is also possible to control one or more electric motors (7) as a function of the state of one or more other electric motors (7).
  • the speed and / or direction of rotation of a first electric motor (7) serve as a reference for a further electric motor (7), on the basis of which the further electric motor (7) is set.
  • An electric motor (7) together forms the associated or the associated imbalance masses (8) a so-called exciter or imbalance exciter.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary vibration exciter device (6).
  • the vibration exciter device (6) comprises an electric motor (7) by means of which at least one Unbalance mass (8) can be set in rotation.
  • the imbalance mass (8) is preferably connected to the motor shaft (9) of the electric motor (7).
  • the electric motor (7) is preferably arranged between two imbalance masses (8) so that it is positioned centrally and axially between the imbalance masses (8).
  • the motor shaft (9) of the electric motor (7) can be led out of the motor housing on both sides of the electric motor. At the two ends of the motor shaft, the imbalance masses (8) can be attached.
  • the motor shaft (9) can also be configured such that the imbalance masses (8) are an integral part of the motor shaft (9).
  • the motor shaft (9) of the electric motor (7) is led out only from one side of the motor housing and only an imbalance mass (8) is attached thereto.
  • the motor shafts (9) of the electric motors (7) are led out of the motor housings on the opposite sides facing away from the motors, wherein an unbalanced mass is applied to each motor shaft ( 8) is arranged.
  • the electric motors can be controlled in this way independently and apply different centrifugal forces on the lower mass by means of different rotational direction and / or speed, which allows different driving maneuvers.
  • the vibration exciter device (6) is drivingly mechanically self-sufficient from the upper mass (2), ie the vibration exciter device is supplied only electrical energy.
  • the electric motor (7) generates from the electrical energy the mechanical force to drive the unbalanced mass (s) (8). That is, the vibrator device is supplied with only electric power, and it is not connected to the upper mass by means of a belt drive or a hydraulic system. For supplying the electrical energy, the electric motor (7) is connected to the upper mass with an electrical cable, which is not shown in the figures.
  • FIG. 3 shows a highly schematic plan view of a ground contact plate (4) with a vibration exciter device (6).
  • the vibration exciter device (6) is arranged on the ground contact plate (4) and firmly connected thereto.
  • the vibration exciter device (6) is arranged centrally in the longitudinal direction, ie in the center of the ground contact plate (4), the motor shaft running transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vibration plate.
  • the longitudinal direction is determined by the direction of movement of the vibration plate during operation.
  • the vibration exciter (6) is disposed in a front half of the ground contact plate (4). This positioning gives the vibrating plate (1) the best moving property.
  • the vibration exciter device (6) is arranged in a front third of the ground contact plate (4).
  • the vibration plate (1) can be when using a Vibratory exciter device (6) only move in one direction.
  • the rotation of the imbalance masses (8) causes an acceleration of the vibrating plate (1) forward and upward.
  • the ground contact plate (4) therefore briefly loses ground contact in the area of the vibration exciter device (6) and accelerates the vibration plate (1) to the front.
  • the vibration plate (1) is therefore dragged so to speak by means of the vibration exciter device (6) over the ground, which is why one speaks in vibration plates of this type of towing swingers.
  • drag oscillators allow only a forward drive of the vibrating plate (1).
  • the forward direction or front end of the vibrating plate is meant the direction which is opposite to the end of the vibrating plate (1) with the guide bracket (13). In other words, the vibrating plate (1) moves forwardly away from the operator.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the vibrating plate (1) with two electric motors (7) and unbalance exciters.
  • a first electric motor (7) is arranged in a first half of the ground contact plate (4) and a second electric motor (7) in a second half of the ground contact plate (4).
  • the use of two electric motors (7) leads to improved compaction performance and a more uniform motion behavior of the vibrating plate (1).
  • the motor shafts (9) of the two electric motors (7) are aligned parallel to one another and extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vibration plate.
  • a vibration plate (1) of this type can not only forward only but also drive backwards and shake in the state. The basic technical principles for this purpose are known from the prior art, which is why will not be discussed in detail.
  • the respective setting and orientation of the respective imbalance masses and thus the resulting centrifugal forces of the two electric motors (7) can be set either a forward drive, a reverse drive or a static shake.
  • the movement speed between a maximum forward speed and a maximum reverse speed can be adjusted continuously. This is achieved by means of the electronic control, which can control and set the electric motors (7) independently of each other.
  • FIG. 5 Another variant is in FIG. 5 shown, wherein in addition to the two electric motors (7) as in FIG. 4 shown at least one further electric motor (7) on the ground contact plate (4) is arranged.
  • two electric motors (7) are arranged with motor shafts (9) transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vibration plate (1) and at least one further electric motor (7) with the motor shaft longitudinal, ie arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis.
  • two electric motors (7) are aligned with the motor shafts parallel to the longitudinal axis.
  • the vibration plate (1) can be controlled in this case, not only forward and backward, but also, for example, to the left and right.
  • the directions of rotation and speeds of the aligned longitudinally to the longitudinal axis of the electric motors (7) are adjusted to the respective driving desire of the operator, so that corresponding centrifugal forces are generated, which move the vibrating plate (1) in the desired direction.
  • the electronic control is configured accordingly to individually and independently control the respective number of electric motors (7).
  • FIG. 6 Another way to control the direction of a vibrating plate (1) results from the design of the variant as in FIG. 6 is shown.
  • three electric motors (7) arranged on the ground contact plate (4).
  • two electric motors (7) are aligned axially to each other. If a higher centrifugal force, ie speed is set in one of the axially oriented electric motors (7) than in the other axially oriented electric motors (7), the vibrating plate moves in its direction. If both axially aligned electric motors (7) run in the same direction and at the same speed results in a forward drive.
  • FIG. 7 Another way to control the direction of a vibrating plate (1) results from the design of the variant as in FIG. 7 is shown.
  • three electric motors (7) arranged on the ground contact plate (4).
  • two electric motors (7) are arranged at an angle to each other. That is, the motor axes (17) of the electric motors (7) formed by the motor shafts (9) intersect. Due to the divergent setting of the speeds or the direction of rotation can be set a cornering, ie rotation about the vertical axis of the vibrating plate.
  • FIG. 8 a directional control with the construction after FIG. 8 possible.
  • four electric motors (7) on the ground contact plate (4) are arranged in the illustrated embodiment.
  • two electric motors (7) are aligned axially to each other.
  • Staggered before or behind two more electric motors (7) are aligned axially to each other.
  • the rotational movement can be amplified by turning the two electric motors (7) to the other side of the longitudinal axis in the opposite direction.
  • FIG. 8 is also an arrangement of electric motors (7) as in FIG. 9 shown possible.
  • the electric motors (7) are arranged at an angle to one another such that the motor axis (17) of an electric motor (7) intersects with the motor axes (17) of two other electric motors (7).
  • the electric motors are therefore all arranged at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate (1), ie arranged such that the motor axes (17) of all electric motors intersect with the longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate (1).
  • the intersection of the motor axes (17) of two electric motors (7) on the longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate (1) Preferably, the intersection of the motor axes (17) of two electric motors (7) on the longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate (1).
  • the arrangement can be selected so that at least two of the electric motors (7) are arranged in mirror image to the longitudinal axis. Preferably, four electric motors (7) are arranged mirror-inverted to the longitudinal axis. Such an arrangement offers advantages in terms of the straight running of the vibrating plate and also improves the steerability, ie the rotation about the vertical axis.
  • FIG. 10 Another variant for constructing a vibrating plate according to the invention is shown in FIG FIG. 10 shown.
  • the energy storage element (3) is formed from a plurality of individual accumulators, which are arranged on the upper mass (2) and interconnected.
  • an electronic control (10) is provided for controlling the motor (s) for controlling the motor (s)
  • the electronic control (10) on the upper mass (2) is arranged.
  • the vibration exciter device (6) is constructed with only one electric motor (7) which drives two imbalance masses (8).
  • the battery cells can be individually interchangeable.
  • the vibration plate (1) It is also possible on the vibration plate (1) to provide an electronic charging module for the charge of the energy storage element (3). This allows the charge of the energy store directly on the vibrating plate (1). It is therefore not necessary to remove the energy storage and transport to the loading module.
  • the charging module can be structurally integrated with the electronic control.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

Vibrationsplatte (1) zur Bodenverdichtung mit einer Obermasse (2) und einer mit der Obermasse elastisch gekoppelten, eine Bodenkontaktplatte (4) aufweisenden Untermasse (5). Die Bodenkontaktplatte (4) weist eine Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) mit wenigstens einem Elektromotor (7) auf. An der Obermasse (2) ist mindestens ein Energiespeicherelement (3) angeordnet.Vibratory plate (1) for soil compaction with an upper mass (2) and with the upper mass elastically coupled, a ground contact plate (4) having lower mass (5). The ground contact plate (4) has a vibration exciter device (6) with at least one electric motor (7). At least one energy storage element (3) is arranged on the upper mass (2).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vibrationsplatte zur Bodenverdichtung, mit einer Obermasse und einer mit der Obermasse elastisch gekoppelten Untermasse mit einer Schwingungserregereinrichtung.The invention relates to a vibration plate for soil compaction, with an upper mass and an elastically coupled to the upper mass lower mass with a vibration exciter device.

Derartige Vibrationsplatten sind bereits hinreichend bekannt und werden zur Verdichtung von losem Untergrund im Bauwesen eingesetzt. Beispielsweise muss bei der Verfüllung von Baugruben oder dem Aufschütten von Sand und Schotter das Material verdichtet werden, um die notwendige Tragfähigkeit herzustellen. Erst dann kann eine abschließende Teerschicht oder Pflaster aufgebracht werden.Such vibrating plates are already well known and are used for compacting loose ground in construction. For example, when backfilling excavation pits or dumping sand and gravel, the material must be compacted to produce the necessary load-bearing capacity. Only then can a final tar layer or plaster be applied.

Vibrationsplatten haben sich bewährt, da sie in unterschiedlichen Größen und Gewichtsklassen erhältlich sind, so dass für den jeweiligen Einsatzzweck eine passende Maschine zur Verfügung steht. Alternativ können auch Walzen genutzt werden, die jedoch auf Grund ihrer Größe und dem damit verbundenen erhöhten Transportaufwand erst bei größeren Flächen zum Einsatz kommen.Vibration plates have proven themselves, as they are available in different sizes and weight classes, so that a suitable machine is available for the respective application. Alternatively, rolls can be used, but due to their size and the associated increased transport costs are only used for larger areas.

Vibrationsplatten werden üblicherweise mittels Verbrennungsmotoren angetrieben. Dabei ist der Verbrennungsmotor auf der Obermasse angeordnet. Die Antriebskraft des Motors wird von der Obermasse mittels eines Riementriebs oder über eine hydraulische Verbindung auf einen Schwingungserreger übertragen, der an der Untermasse angeordnet ist. Die Übertragung der Antriebskraft mittels Riemen oder hydraulischen Leitungen führt aufgrund der elastischen Kopplung zwischen Ober- und Untermasse häufig zu Problemen und bedingt zumindest eine regelmäßige Wartung und Kontrolle. Ferner ist der Verbrennungsmotor wartungsanfällig und erzeugt gesundheitsschädliche Abgase, denen der Bediener in schlecht belüfteten Baustellenbereichen, wie z.B. einem Graben ausgesetzt ist.Vibration plates are usually driven by internal combustion engines. In this case, the internal combustion engine is arranged on the upper mass. The driving force of the motor is transmitted from the upper mass by means of a belt drive or via a hydraulic connection to a vibration exciter, which is arranged on the lower mass. The transmission of the driving force by means of belts or hydraulic lines often leads to problems due to the elastic coupling between upper and lower mass and requires at least regular maintenance and control. Furthermore, the internal combustion engine is maintenance-prone and produces harmful exhaust gases to which the operator is exposed in poorly ventilated worksite areas, such as in construction sites. exposed to a ditch.

In der gattungsbildenden EP 1 267 001 wurde vorgeschlagen, eine Vibrationsplatte mit elektrischem Antrieb auszustatten, wobei die notwendige elektrische Energie von einem mitgeführten wiederaufladbaren Akkumulator bereitgestellt wird. Sowohl der Akkumulator als auch der elektrische Antriebsmotor sind auf der Obermasse angeordnet.In the generic EP 1 267 001 It has been proposed to equip a vibrating plate with electric drive, wherein the necessary electrical energy is provided by an entrained rechargeable accumulator. Both the accumulator and the electric drive motor are arranged on the upper mass.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Vibrationsplatte anzugeben, die die Nachteile der bekannten Vibrationsplatten verringert und eine einfache und wartungsarme Bauweise aufweist.The invention is based on the object to provide a vibrating plate, which reduces the disadvantages of the known vibrating plates and has a simple and low-maintenance design.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Vibrationsplatte mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved by a vibrating plate having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Eine Vibrationsplatte zur Bodenverdichtung umfasst eine Obermasse an welcher mindestens ein Energiespeicherelement angeordnet ist. Die Obermasse ist elastisch mit einer Untermasse gekoppelt, die wenigstens eine Bodenkontaktplatte und eine die Untermasse beaufschlagende Schwingungserregereinrichtung aufweist. Die Schwingungserregereinrichtung weist wenigstens einen Elektromotor auf, welcher mindestens eine drehbar gelagerte Unwuchtmasse drehend antreibt und welcher mittels der elektrischen Energie des mindestens einen Energiespeicherelements antreibbar ist. Eine solche Vibrationsplatte erzeugt auf Grund der Nutzung von elektrischer Energie als Antriebskraft keine schädlichen Abgase. Ferner ist der Motor, der die Antriebskraft für die Unwuchtmasse bereitstellt auf der Untermasse angeordnet, so dass keine mechanische oder hydraulische Energie von der Obermasse auf die Untermasse übertragen werden muss.A vibration plate for soil compaction includes an upper mass on which at least one energy storage element is arranged. The upper mass is elastically coupled to a lower mass which has at least one ground contact plate and a vibration exciter device acting on the lower mass. The vibration exciter device has at least one electric motor which rotatably drives at least one rotatably mounted imbalance mass and which can be driven by means of the electrical energy of the at least one energy storage element. Such a vibrating plate does not generate harmful exhaust gases due to the use of electric power as a driving force. Further, the motor providing the drive force for the imbalance mass is disposed on the lower mass so that no mechanical or hydraulic energy has to be transferred from the upper mass to the lower mass.

In einer Ausführungsform kann sich eine Welle des Elektromotors quer zu einer Längsachse der Vibrationsplatte erstrecken. Diese Anordnung ist vorteilhaft für den Antrieb der Unwuchtmassen. So kann auf eine Umlenkung der Rotation verzichtet werden. Die Längsachse der Vibrationsplatte definiert sich an Hand der Vortriebsrichtung der Vibrationsplatte. Die Vibrationsplatte bewegt sich dabei im Betrieb in eine Vorwärtsrichtung mit dem vorderen Ende der Vibrationsplatte voraus, während der Bediener die Vibrationsplatte an einem Griffbügel am hinteren Ende der Vibrationsplatte führt. Die Längsachse erstreckt sich mittig vom vorderen Ende der Vibrationsplatte zum hinteren Ende der Vibrationsplatte.In an embodiment, a shaft of the electric motor may extend across a longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate. This arrangement is advantageous for driving the imbalance masses. So can be dispensed with a deflection of the rotation. The longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate is defined by the direction of advance of the vibrating plate. The vibrating plate thereby advances in operation in a forward direction with the front end of the vibrating plate while the operator guides the vibrating plate on a handle bar at the rear end of the vibrating plate. The longitudinal axis extends centrally from the front end of the vibrating plate to the rear end of the vibrating plate.

Ferner kann die Schwingungserregereinrichtung einen Elektromotor mit zwei Unwuchtmassen aufweisen, wobei der Elektromotor axial zwischen den beiden Unwuchtmassen angeordnet ist. Die Unwuchtmassen sind drehbar mit der Welle des Elektromotors verbunden. Mit der zentralen Anordnung des Motors zwischen den Unwuchtmassen wird eine gleichmäßige Gewichtsverteilung auf der Untermasse erreicht. Zudem wird auch die Lagerung der beiden Unwuchtmassen und der Motorwelle erleichtertFurthermore, the vibration exciter device can have an electric motor with two imbalance masses, wherein the electric motor is arranged axially between the two imbalance masses. The imbalance masses are rotatably connected to the shaft of the electric motor. With the central arrangement of the engine between the imbalance masses a uniform weight distribution is achieved on the lower mass. In addition, the storage of the two imbalance masses and the motor shaft is facilitated

Als besonders geeignet hat sich erwiesen, wenn der mindestens eine Elektromotor als bürstenloser Elektromotor ausgestaltet ist, insbesondere als Elektromotor nach den Bauarten BLDC-Motor, SR-Motor oder Asynchron-Motor. Sogenannte BLDC-Motoren sind auch unter den Bezeichnungen Brushless DC-Motor oder bürstenloser Gleichstrommotor bekannt. SR-Motoren sind auch unter dem Begriff Reluktanzmotoren bekannt. Kennzeichnend für alle diese Motoren sind der bürstenlose Aufbau und damit der im Wesentlichen wartungsfreie und verschleißfreie Betrieb. Die Motoren arbeiten über lange Zeit zuverlässig und sind auch im rauen Baustellenalltag einsetzbar.It has proved particularly suitable if the at least one electric motor is designed as a brushless electric motor, in particular as an electric motor of the types BLDC motor, SR motor or asynchronous motor. So-called BLDC motors are also under the designations Brushless DC motor or brushless DC motor known. SR motors are also known as reluctance motors. Characteristic of all these motors are the brushless design and thus the essentially maintenance-free and wear-free operation. The motors work reliably for a long time and can also be used in harsh everyday construction sites.

Eine weitere Variante ergibt sich, wenn die Schwingungserregereinrichtung mindestens zwei Elektromotoren mit jeweils zugeordneten Unwuchtmassen aufweist, wobei die Elektromotoren samt zugehöriger Unwuchtmassen räumlich getrennt voneinander auf der Untermasse angeordnet sind. Die Nutzung zweier Elektromotoren samt jeweils zugehöriger Unwuchtmassen verbessert das Bewegungsverhalten der Vibrationsplatte. Die Vibrationsplatte ist für den Bediener angenehmer zu bedienen als bei Nutzung nur eines Elektromotors mit zugehöriger Unwuchtmasse.A further variant results if the vibration exciter device has at least two electric motors, each with associated imbalance masses, wherein the electric motors together with associated imbalance masses are arranged spatially separated from each other on the lower mass. The use of two electric motors together with respective unbalanced masses improves the movement behavior of the vibrating plate. The vibrating plate is easier to operate for the operator than when using only one electric motor with associated imbalance mass.

In einer Ausführungsform können die mindestens zwei Elektromotoren entlang der Längsachse der Vibrationsplatte gestaffelt angeordnet sein. Diese Art der Anordnung verteilt die Antriebskraft der Unwuchtmassen gleichmäßiger auf die Vibrationsplatte und führt zu einem besseren Verdichtungsergebnis.In one embodiment, the at least two electric motors may be staggered along the longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate. This type of arrangement distributes the driving force of the imbalance masses more uniformly on the vibrating plate and leads to a better compaction result.

Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich erwiesen, wenn die Vibrationsplatte eine elektronische Steuerung aufweist, welche die Drehrichtung und Drehgeschwindigkeit des mindestens einen Elektromotors steuert und/oder regelt. In der elektronischen Steuerung kann auch die Überwachung des Energiespeichers integrierst sein, wie beispielsweise ein sogenanntes Batteriemanagementsystem.It has proven particularly advantageous if the vibration plate has an electronic control which controls and / or regulates the direction of rotation and rotational speed of the at least one electric motor. In the electronic control, the monitoring of the energy storage can be integrated, such as a so-called battery management system.

Ferner kann die elektronische Steuerung dazu ausgelegt sein, die Drehrichtung und/oder Drehgeschwindigkeit von mindestens zwei Elektromotoren zu steuern und/oder zu regeln und unabhängig voneinander einzustellen. Bei Nutzung von zwei Elektromotoren können sich durch eine voneinander unabhängige Ansteuerung der beiden Motoren vorteilhafte Bewegungseigenschaften der Vibrationsplatte ergeben. Beispielsweise kann damit eine Rückwärtsfahrt der Vibrationsplatte eingestellt werden, wenn die Elektromotoren so eingestellt werden, dass die resultierenden Kraftvektoren der jeweiligen Unwuchtmassen eine Rückwärtsfahrt bewirken. Ferner kann beispielsweise auch eine Standrüttlung eingestellt werden, oder eine Variation der Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit.Furthermore, the electronic control can be designed to control the direction of rotation and / or rotational speed of at least two electric motors and / or to regulate and set independently. When using two electric motors can result from an independent control of the two motors advantageous motion characteristics of the vibrating plate. For example, so that a reverse drive of the vibrating plate can be adjusted when the electric motors are adjusted so that the resulting force vectors of the respective imbalance masses cause a reverse drive. Furthermore, for example, a shake can be set, or a variation of the propulsion speed.

Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich erwiesen, wenn die elektronische Steuerung an der Untermasse angeordnet ist. Mit dieser Anordnung sind die elektrischen Verbindungen zwischen der Steuerung und dem/den Elektromotor(en) sehr kurz. Dies verbessert die Ansprechzeit der Elektromotoren bzw. des Motors. Da sich die Motoren in der Regel während des Betriebs sehr schnell drehen und insbesondere bürstenlose Elektromotoren sehr schnelle Steuer- bzw. Regelbefehle benötigen, bringt die räumlich enge Anordnung der einzelnen Bauteile Vorteile mit sich.It has proved to be particularly advantageous if the electronic control is arranged on the lower mass. With this arrangement, the electrical connections between the controller and the electric motor (s) are very short. This improves the response time of the electric motors or the motor. Since the engines usually turn very fast during operation and in particular Brushless electric motors require very fast control or regulation commands, brings the spatially close arrangement of the individual components advantages.

Als weitere vorteilhafte Bauform hat sich ergeben, wenn das Energiespeicherelement an der Obermasse schwingungsentkoppelt angeordnet ist. Die Untermasse ist mit der Obermasse zwar gefedert verbunden. Dennoch ist die Obermasse und damit auch das Energiespeicherelement Vibrationen ausgesetzt. Die Lebensdauer des Energiespeicherelements kann verlängert werden, wenn die Vibrationen bestmöglich davon abgehalten werden. Eine Schwingungsentkopplung kann beispielsweise durch die Anordnung von Gummipuffern zwischen der Energiespeichereinheit und der Obermasse erreicht werden.As a further advantageous design has been found when the energy storage element is arranged vibration decoupled at the upper mass. The lower mass is connected sprung with the upper mass. Nevertheless, the upper mass and thus the energy storage element is exposed to vibrations. The life of the energy storage element can be extended if the vibrations are prevented as much as possible. A vibration decoupling can be achieved for example by the arrangement of rubber buffers between the energy storage unit and the upper mass.

Diese und weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand von Beispielen unter Zuhilfenahme der begleitenden Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Variante einer erfindungsgemäßen Vibrationsplatte;
  • Fig. 2 eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Schwingungserregereinrichtung;
  • Fig. 3 eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Untermasse mit einer Schwingungserregereinrichtung;
  • Fig. 4.eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Untermasse mit zwei Schwingungserregern;
  • Figuren 5 bis 9 schematische Draufsichten auf eine Untermasse mit mehreren Schwingungserregern;
  • Fig. 10 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Variante einer erfindungsgemäßen Vibrationsplatte
These and other advantages and features of the invention are explained in more detail below by means of examples with the aid of the accompanying figures. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 a schematic side view of a variant of a vibrating plate according to the invention;
  • Fig. 2 a schematic plan view of a vibration exciter device;
  • Fig. 3 a schematic plan view of a lower mass with a vibration exciter device;
  • Fig. 4 .a schematic plan view of a lower mass with two vibration exciters;
  • FIGS. 5 to 9 schematic plan views of a lower mass with multiple vibration exciters;
  • Fig. 10 a schematic side view of a variant of a vibrating plate according to the invention

Fig. 1 zeigt in stark schematisierter Seitenansicht eine Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Vibrationsplatte (1) mit einer Obermasse (2) und einer Untermasse (5). Die Obermasse (2) umfasst einen Tragrahmen (11) welcher mit einer Trägerplatte (12) verbunden ist. Ferner umfasst die Obermasse im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel mindestens ein Energiespeicherelement (3) und eine elektronische Steuerung (10), welche am Tragrahmen (11) angeordnet sind. Ferner umfasst die Obermasse (2) eine Bewässerungsvorrichtung (14) und einen Führungsbügel oder Deichsel (13) mittels welcher ein Bediener die Vibrationsplatte steuern kann. Fig. 1 shows a highly schematic side view of a variant of the vibrating plate (1) according to the invention with an upper mass (2) and a lower mass (5). The upper mass (2) comprises a support frame (11) which is connected to a support plate (12). Furthermore, in the embodiment shown, the upper mass comprises at least one energy storage element (3) and an electronic control (10), which are arranged on the support frame (11). Furthermore, the upper mass (2) comprises an irrigation device (14) and a guide bar or drawbar (13) by means of which an operator can control the vibrating plate.

An der Deichsel (13) ist mindestens ein Bedienelement angeordnet, mittels welchem ein Bediener die Funktion der Vibrationsplatte steuern und/oder regeln kann, d.h. insbesondere die Vibrationsplatte ein- und ausschalten kann.
Die Deichsel (13) ist vibrationsentkoppelt an der Obermasse (2) angeordnet, so dass schädliche Vibrationen nur verringert an die Deichsel und damit auf einen Bediener übertragen werden.At least one operating element is arranged on the drawbar (13), by means of which an operator can control and / or regulate the function of the vibrating plate, ie in particular can switch the vibrating plate on and off.
The drawbar (13) is vibration-decoupled to the upper mass (2), so that harmful vibrations are only reduced to the drawbar and thus transmitted to an operator.

Die Bewässerungsvorrichtung (14) umfasst einen Behälter zur Aufnahme von Wasser, welches im Betrieb der Vibrationsplatte aus einem kontrolliert verschließbaren und zu öffnenden Auslauf auf den zu verdichtenden Boden abgegeben werden kann. Dies ist insbesondere bei der Verdichtung von Teer vorteilhaft, um ein Haften der Vibrationsplatte auf dem Teer zu vermeiden.The irrigation device (14) comprises a container for receiving water, which can be discharged from a controlled closable and openable outlet to the soil to be compacted during operation of the vibrating plate. This is particularly advantageous in the compression of tar to avoid sticking of the vibrating plate on the tar.

Die Obermasse ist mittels Dämpfungselementen (15) mit der Untermasse (5) verbunden. Die Untermasse (5) umfasst eine Bodenkontaktplatte (4), auf welcher sich die Vibrationsplatte (1) über den zu verdichtenden Boden bewegt und auf diesen einwirkt. Ferner umfasst die Untermasse (5) eine Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) welche mechanische Schwingungen erzeugt und auf die Bodenkontaktplatte (4) überträgt, mit welcher sie verbunden ist.The upper mass is connected by means of damping elements (15) with the lower mass (5). The lower mass (5) comprises a ground contact plate (4), on which the vibrating plate (1) moves over the soil to be compacted and acts on it. Furthermore, the lower mass (5) comprises a vibration exciter device (6) which generates mechanical vibrations and transmits them to the ground contact plate (4) to which it is connected.

Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 1 ist das Energiespeicherelement (3) schwingungsgedämpft an der Obermasse (2) angeordnet. Hierzu ist das Energiespeicherelement (3) an einem Halter (16) angeordnet, welcher schwingungsgedämpft mit der Obermasse (2) verbunden ist. Dies kann durch eine Befestigung mittels Gummipuffern oder mittels eines Drehgelenks erreicht werden. Alternativ kann das Energiespeicherelement (3) auch mittels Schwingungsdämpfern wie z.B. Gummipuffern mit der Obermasse in Kontakt stehen. In einer Variante kann auch die elektronische Steuerung (10) schwingungsgedämpft an der Obermasse (2) angeordnet sein, beispielsweise indem diese ebenfalls am Halter (16) angeordnet ist.In the illustrated embodiment of the FIG. 1 the energy storage element (3) is vibration-damped arranged on the upper mass (2). For this purpose, the energy storage element (3) on a holder (16) is arranged, which is vibration-damped connected to the upper mass (2). This can be achieved by attachment by means of rubber buffers or by means of a rotary joint. Alternatively, the energy storage element (3) by means of vibration dampers such as rubber buffers with the upper mass in contact. In a variant, the electronic control (10) may be arranged vibration-damped on the upper mass (2), for example, by this also on the holder (16) is arranged.

Die elektronische Steuerung (10) dient dazu, die Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) zu steuern und/oder zu regeln. Die elektronische Steuerung (10) ist dazu ausgelegt, den Elektromotor (7) der Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) zu beeinflussen und einzustellen, d.h. insbesondere dessen Drehzahl und Drehrichtung einzustellen und zu variieren. Sofern eine erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsform eine Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) mit mehreren Elektromotoren vorsieht, ist die elektronische Steuerung (10) dazu ausgelegt, die jeweiligen Elektromotoren (7) unabhängig voneinander einzustellen und zu beeinflussen. In einer Variante ist es auch möglich einen oder mehrere Elektromotoren (7) in Abhängigkeit vom Zustand eines oder mehrerer anderer Elektromotoren (7) anzusteuern. So kann beispielsweise die Drehzahl und/oder Drehrichtung eines ersten Elektromotors (7) als Referenz für einen weiteren Elektromotor (7) dienen, an Hand dessen dann der weitere Elektromotor (7) eingestellt wird.
Ein Elektromotor (7) bildet zusammen der zugeordneten bzw. den zugeordneten Unwuchmassen (8) einen sogenannten Erreger oder Unwuchterreger.The electronic controller (10) serves to control and / or regulate the vibration exciter device (6). The electronic control system (10) is designed to influence and adjust the electric motor (7) of the vibration exciter device (6), ie in particular to set and vary its speed and direction of rotation. If an embodiment according to the invention provides a vibration exciter device (6) with a plurality of electric motors, the electronic controller (10) is designed to set and influence the respective electric motors (7) independently of each other. In a variant, it is also possible to control one or more electric motors (7) as a function of the state of one or more other electric motors (7). Thus, for example, the speed and / or direction of rotation of a first electric motor (7) serve as a reference for a further electric motor (7), on the basis of which the further electric motor (7) is set.
An electric motor (7) together forms the associated or the associated imbalance masses (8) a so-called exciter or imbalance exciter.

Figur 2 zeigt eine beispielhafte Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6). Die Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) umfasst einen Elektromotor (7) mittels welchem mindestens eine Unwuchtmasse (8) in Rotation versetzt werden kann. Hierzu ist die Unwuchtmasse (8) bevorzugt mit der Motorwelle (9) des Elektromotors (7) verbunden. Bevorzugt ist der Elektromotor (7) zwischen zwei Unwuchtmassen (8) angeordnet, so dass dieser zentral und axial zwischen den Unwuchtmassen (8) positioniert ist. Die Motorwelle (9) des Elektromotors (7) kann zu beiden Seiten des Elektromotors aus dem Motorgehäuse herausgeführt sein. An den beiden Enden der Motorwelle können die Unwuchtmassen (8) befestigt sein. Alternativ kann die Motorwelle (9) auch derart ausgestaltet sein, dass die Unwuchtmassen (8) integraler Bestandteil der Motorwelle (9) sind.
Ferner ist es erfindungsgemäß möglich, die Motorwelle (9) des Elektromotors (7) nur aus einer Seite des Motorgehäuses herausgeführt ist und lediglich eine Unwuchtmasse (8) daran befestigt ist.
Mit dieser Variante ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, dass zwei Elektromotoren axial zueinander ausgerichtet sind, wobei die Motorwellen (9) der Elektromotoren (7) an den gegenüberliegenden, jeweils den Motoren abgewandten Seiten aus den Motorgehäusen herausgeführt sind, wobei an jeder Motorwelle jeweils eine Unwuchtmasse (8) angeordnet ist. Die Elektromotoren können auf diese Weise unabhängig voneinander angesteuert werden und mittels unterschiedlicher Drehrichtung und/oder Drehzahl unterschiedliche Fliehkräfte auf die Untermasse aufbringen, was verschiedene Fahrmanöver ermöglicht. FIG. 2 shows an exemplary vibration exciter device (6). The vibration exciter device (6) comprises an electric motor (7) by means of which at least one Unbalance mass (8) can be set in rotation. For this purpose, the imbalance mass (8) is preferably connected to the motor shaft (9) of the electric motor (7). The electric motor (7) is preferably arranged between two imbalance masses (8) so that it is positioned centrally and axially between the imbalance masses (8). The motor shaft (9) of the electric motor (7) can be led out of the motor housing on both sides of the electric motor. At the two ends of the motor shaft, the imbalance masses (8) can be attached. Alternatively, the motor shaft (9) can also be configured such that the imbalance masses (8) are an integral part of the motor shaft (9).
Furthermore, it is possible according to the invention, the motor shaft (9) of the electric motor (7) is led out only from one side of the motor housing and only an imbalance mass (8) is attached thereto.
With this variant, there is the possibility that two electric motors are axially aligned with each other, wherein the motor shafts (9) of the electric motors (7) are led out of the motor housings on the opposite sides facing away from the motors, wherein an unbalanced mass is applied to each motor shaft ( 8) is arranged. The electric motors can be controlled in this way independently and apply different centrifugal forces on the lower mass by means of different rotational direction and / or speed, which allows different driving maneuvers.

Die Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) ist antriebsmäßig mechanisch autark von der Obermasse (2), d.h. der Schwingungserregereinrichtung wird lediglich elektrische Energie zugeführt. Der Elektromotor (7) erzeugt aus der elektrischen Energie die mechanische Kraft um die Unwuchtmasse(n) (8) anzutreiben. D.h. der Schwingungserregereinrichtung wird lediglich elektrische Energie zugeführt, und sie ist nicht mit der Obermasse mittels eines Riementriebs oder einem hydraulischen System verbunden.
Zur Zuführung der elektrischen Energie ist der Elektromotor (7) mit einem elektrischen Kabel, welches in den Figuren nicht gezeigt ist, mit der Obermasse verbunden.The vibration exciter device (6) is drivingly mechanically self-sufficient from the upper mass (2), ie the vibration exciter device is supplied only electrical energy. The electric motor (7) generates from the electrical energy the mechanical force to drive the unbalanced mass (s) (8). That is, the vibrator device is supplied with only electric power, and it is not connected to the upper mass by means of a belt drive or a hydraulic system.
For supplying the electrical energy, the electric motor (7) is connected to the upper mass with an electrical cable, which is not shown in the figures.

Figur 3 zeigt eine stark schematisierte Draufsicht auf eine Bodenkontaktplatte (4) mit einer Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6). Die Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) ist auf der Bodenkontaktplatte (4) angeordnet und mit dieser fest verbunden. Die Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) ist in Längsrichtung zentral, d.h. mittig der Bodenkontaktplatte (4) angeordnet, wobei die Motorwelle quer zur Längsrichtung der Vibrationsplatte verläuft.. Die Längsrichtung bestimmt sich dabei durch die Bewegungsrichtung der Vibrationsplatte im Betrieb.
Ferner ist die Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) in einer vorderen Hälfte der Bodenkontaktplatte (4) angeordnet. Diese Positionierung verleiht der Vibrationsplatte (1) die beste Bewegungseigenschaft. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) in einem vorderen Drittel der Bodenkontaktplatte (4) angeordnet. Die Vibrationsplatte (1) kann sich bei Nutzung einer Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) lediglich in eine Richtung bewegen. Die Rotation der Unwuchtmassen (8) bewirkt eine Beschleunigung der Vibrationsplatte (1) nach vorne und oben. Die Bodenkontaktplatte (4) verliert deshalb im Bereich der Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) kurzzeitig den Bodenkontakt und beschleunigt die Vibrationsplatte (1) nach vorne. Die Vibrationsplatte (1) wird deshalb sozusagen mittels der Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) über den Boden geschleppt, weshalb man bei Vibrationsplatten dieser Bauart von Schleppschwingern spricht. Derartige Schleppschwinger ermöglichen jedoch lediglich eine Vorwärtsfahrt der Vibrationsplatte (1). Als Vorwärtsrichtung bzw. vorderes Ende der Vibrationsplatte ist die Richtung gemeint, die gegenüber dem Ende der Vibrationsplatte (1) mit dem Führungsbügel (13) liegt. Anders ausgedrückt, bewegt sich die Vibrationsplatte (1) in Vorwärtsrichtung vom Bediener weg. Diese Definition gilt für alle Ausführungsbeispiele dieser Anmeldung. FIG. 3 shows a highly schematic plan view of a ground contact plate (4) with a vibration exciter device (6). The vibration exciter device (6) is arranged on the ground contact plate (4) and firmly connected thereto. The vibration exciter device (6) is arranged centrally in the longitudinal direction, ie in the center of the ground contact plate (4), the motor shaft running transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vibration plate. The longitudinal direction is determined by the direction of movement of the vibration plate during operation.
Further, the vibration exciter (6) is disposed in a front half of the ground contact plate (4). This positioning gives the vibrating plate (1) the best moving property. Particularly preferably, the vibration exciter device (6) is arranged in a front third of the ground contact plate (4). The vibration plate (1) can be when using a Vibratory exciter device (6) only move in one direction. The rotation of the imbalance masses (8) causes an acceleration of the vibrating plate (1) forward and upward. The ground contact plate (4) therefore briefly loses ground contact in the area of the vibration exciter device (6) and accelerates the vibration plate (1) to the front. The vibration plate (1) is therefore dragged so to speak by means of the vibration exciter device (6) over the ground, which is why one speaks in vibration plates of this type of towing swingers. However, such drag oscillators allow only a forward drive of the vibrating plate (1). As the forward direction or front end of the vibrating plate is meant the direction which is opposite to the end of the vibrating plate (1) with the guide bracket (13). In other words, the vibrating plate (1) moves forwardly away from the operator. This definition applies to all embodiments of this application.

Figur 4 zeigt eine Variante der Vibrationsplatte (1) mit zwei Elektromotoren (7) bzw. Unwuchterregern. Dabei ist ein erster Elektromotor (7) in einer ersten Hälfte der Bodenkontaktplatte (4) angeordnet und ein zweiter Elektromotor (7) in einer zweiten Hälfte der Bodenkontaktplatte (4). Die Nutzung von zwei Elektromotoren (7) führt zu einer verbesserten Verdichtungsleistung und einem gleichmäßigeren Bewegungsverhalten der Vibrationsplatte (1). Dabei sind die Motorwellen (9) der beiden Elektromotoren (7) parallel zueinander ausgerichtet und verlaufen quer zur Längsachse der Vibrationsplatte.
Eine Vibrationsplatte (1) dieser Bauart kann nicht nur lediglich vorwärts sondern auch rückwärtsfahren und im Stand rütteln. Die technischen Grundprinzipien hierzu sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt, weshalb hierauf nicht näher eingegangen werden soll.
Durch die jeweilige Einstellung und Ausrichtung der jeweiligen Unwuchtmassen und damit der resultierenden Fliehkräfte der beiden Elektromotoren (7) kann entweder eine Vorwärtsfahrt, eine Rückwärtsfahrt oder eine Standrüttlung eingestellt werden. Darüber hinaus kann auch die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit zwischen einer maximalen Vorwärtsgeschwindigkeit und einer maximalen Rückwärtsgeschwindigkeit stufenlos angepasst werden. Dies wird mittels der elektronischen Steuerung erreicht, welche die Elektromotoren (7) unabhängig voneinander ansteuern und einstellen kann.
Bei Rückwärtsfahrt bewegt sich die Vibrationsplatte (1) in Richtung auf den Bediener zu, d.h. in Richtung des Endes der Vibrationsplatte an welchem der Führungsbügel (13) angeordnet ist. FIG. 4 shows a variant of the vibrating plate (1) with two electric motors (7) and unbalance exciters. In this case, a first electric motor (7) is arranged in a first half of the ground contact plate (4) and a second electric motor (7) in a second half of the ground contact plate (4). The use of two electric motors (7) leads to improved compaction performance and a more uniform motion behavior of the vibrating plate (1). The motor shafts (9) of the two electric motors (7) are aligned parallel to one another and extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vibration plate.
A vibration plate (1) of this type can not only forward only but also drive backwards and shake in the state. The basic technical principles for this purpose are known from the prior art, which is why will not be discussed in detail.
By the respective setting and orientation of the respective imbalance masses and thus the resulting centrifugal forces of the two electric motors (7) can be set either a forward drive, a reverse drive or a static shake. In addition, the movement speed between a maximum forward speed and a maximum reverse speed can be adjusted continuously. This is achieved by means of the electronic control, which can control and set the electric motors (7) independently of each other.
When reversing the vibrating plate (1) moves in the direction of the operator, ie in the direction of the end of the vibrating plate on which the guide bracket (13) is arranged.

Eine weitere Variante ist in Figur 5 gezeigt, wobei zusätzlich zu den beiden Elektromotoren (7) wie in Figur 4 gezeigt noch mindestens eine weiterer Elektromotor (7) auf der Bodenkontaktplatte (4) angeordnet ist. Dabei sind zwei Elektromotoren (7) mit Motorwellen (9) quer zur Längsachse der Vibrationsplatte (1) angeordnet und mindestens ein weiterer Elektromotor (7) mit der Motorwelle längs, d.h. parallel zur Längsachse angeordnet. Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel sind zwei Elektromotoren (7) mit den Motorwellen parallel zur Längsachse ausgerichtet.
Mittels dieser Anordnung ist es möglich, die Vibrationsplatte (1) richtungssteuerbar auszugestalten. Sofern im Folgenden von der Richtungssteuerung gesprochen wird, ist eine Drehung der Vibrationsplatte (1) um die Hochachse gemeint. Die Vibrationsplatte (1) kann in diesem Fall nicht nur vorwärts und rückwärts, sondern beispielsweise auch nach links und rechts gesteuert werden. Hierzu werden die Drehrichtungen und Drehzahlen der längs zur Längsachse ausgerichteten Elektromotoren (7) dem jeweiligen Fahrtwunsch des Bedieners eingestellt, so dass entsprechende Fliehkräfte erzeugt werden, die die Vibrationsplatte (1) in die gewünschte Richtung bewegen. Auch hier ist die elektronische Steuerung entsprechend ausgestaltet um die jeweilige Zahl an Elektromotoren (7) einzeln und unabhängig voneinander anzusteuern.Another variant is in FIG. 5 shown, wherein in addition to the two electric motors (7) as in FIG. 4 shown at least one further electric motor (7) on the ground contact plate (4) is arranged. In this case, two electric motors (7) are arranged with motor shafts (9) transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vibration plate (1) and at least one further electric motor (7) with the motor shaft longitudinal, ie arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis. In the illustrated embodiment, two electric motors (7) are aligned with the motor shafts parallel to the longitudinal axis.
By means of this arrangement, it is possible to design the vibrating plate (1) directionally controllable. If the direction control is referred to below, a rotation of the vibration plate (1) about the vertical axis is meant. The vibration plate (1) can be controlled in this case, not only forward and backward, but also, for example, to the left and right. For this purpose, the directions of rotation and speeds of the aligned longitudinally to the longitudinal axis of the electric motors (7) are adjusted to the respective driving desire of the operator, so that corresponding centrifugal forces are generated, which move the vibrating plate (1) in the desired direction. Again, the electronic control is configured accordingly to individually and independently control the respective number of electric motors (7).

Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Richtungssteuerung einer Vibrationsplatte (1) ergibt sich durch die Bauweise der Variante wie sie in Figur 6 gezeigt ist. Hier sind drei Elektromotoren (7) auf der Bodenkontaktplatte (4) angeordnet. Dabei sind zwei Elektromotoren (7) axial zueinander ausgerichtet. Wird in einem der axial ausgerichteten Elektromotoren (7) eine höhere Fliehkraft, d.h. Drehzahl eingestellt als in der anderen axial ausgerichteten Elektromotoren (7) bewegt sich die Vibrationsplatte in dessen Richtung. Sofern beide axial ausgerichteten Elektromotoren (7) in gleiche Drehrichtung und mit gleicher Drehzahl laufen ergibt sich eine Vorwärtsfahrt.Another way to control the direction of a vibrating plate (1) results from the design of the variant as in FIG. 6 is shown. Here are three electric motors (7) arranged on the ground contact plate (4). In this case, two electric motors (7) are aligned axially to each other. If a higher centrifugal force, ie speed is set in one of the axially oriented electric motors (7) than in the other axially oriented electric motors (7), the vibrating plate moves in its direction. If both axially aligned electric motors (7) run in the same direction and at the same speed results in a forward drive.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Richtungssteuerung einer Vibrationsplatte (1) ergibt sich durch die Bauweise der Variante wie sie in Figur 7 gezeigt ist. Hier sind drei Elektromotoren (7) auf der Bodenkontaktplatte (4) angeordnet. Dabei sind zwei Elektromotoren (7) in einem Winkel zueinander angeordnet. D.h. die durch die Motorwellen (9) gebildeten Motorachsen (17) der Elektromotoren (7) schneiden sich. Durch die voneinander abweichende Einstellung der Drehzahlen oder auch der Drehrichtung kann eine Kurvenfahrt, d.h. Drehung um die Hochachse der Vibrationsplatte eingestellt werden.Another way to control the direction of a vibrating plate (1) results from the design of the variant as in FIG. 7 is shown. Here are three electric motors (7) arranged on the ground contact plate (4). In this case, two electric motors (7) are arranged at an angle to each other. That is, the motor axes (17) of the electric motors (7) formed by the motor shafts (9) intersect. Due to the divergent setting of the speeds or the direction of rotation can be set a cornering, ie rotation about the vertical axis of the vibrating plate.

Ferner ist auch eine Richtungssteuerung mit der Bauweise nach Figur 8 möglich. Dabei werden im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel vier Elektromotoren (7) auf der Bodenkontaktplatte (4) angeordnet. Dabei sind jeweils zwei Elektromotoren (7) axial zueinander ausgerichtet. Gestaffelt vor bzw. dahinter sind nochmals zwei Elektromotoren (7) axial zueinander ausgerichtet. Bei Ansteuerung einer oder beider Elektromotoren (7) zu einer Seite der Längsachse der Vibrationsplatte ergibt sich eine Lenkbewegung bzw. Drehung um die Hochachse. Die Drehbewegung kann verstärkt werden, indem die die beiden Elektromotoren (7) zur anderen Seite der Längsachse in die entgegen gesetzte Richtung drehen.Furthermore, a directional control with the construction after FIG. 8 possible. In this case, four electric motors (7) on the ground contact plate (4) are arranged in the illustrated embodiment. In each case, two electric motors (7) are aligned axially to each other. Staggered before or behind two more electric motors (7) are aligned axially to each other. When one or both electric motors (7) are driven to one side of the longitudinal axis of the vibration plate, a steering movement or rotation about the vertical axis results. The rotational movement can be amplified by turning the two electric motors (7) to the other side of the longitudinal axis in the opposite direction.

Alternativ zur Bauweise nach Figur 8 ist auch eine Anordnung der Elektromotoren (7) wie in Figur 9 gezeigt möglich. Die Elektromotoren (7) sind dabei derart winklig zueinander angeordnet, dass sich die Motorachse (17) eines Elektromotors (7) mit den Motorachsen (17) zweier anderer Elektromotoren (7) schneidet. Die Elektromotoren sind also alle in einem Winkel zur Längsachse der Vibrationsplatte (1) angeordnet, d.h. derart angeordnet, dass sich die Motorachsen (17) aller Elektromotoren mit der Längsachse der Vibrationsplatte (1) schneiden. Bevorzugt liegt der Schnittpunkt der Motorachsen (17) zweier Elektromotoren (7) auf der Längsachse der Vibrationsplatte (1).
Die Anordnung kann so gewählt werden, dass mindestens zwei der Elektromotoren (7) spiegelbildlich zur Längsachse angeordnet sind. Bevorzugt sind vier Elektromotoren (7) spiegelbildlich zur Längsachse angeordnet.
Eine solche Anordnung bietet Vorteile hinsichtlich des Geradeauslaufs der Vibrationsplatte und verbessert zudem die Lenkbarkeit, d.h. die Drehung um die Hochachse.Alternatively to the construction FIG. 8 is also an arrangement of electric motors (7) as in FIG. 9 shown possible. The electric motors (7) are arranged at an angle to one another such that the motor axis (17) of an electric motor (7) intersects with the motor axes (17) of two other electric motors (7). The electric motors are therefore all arranged at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate (1), ie arranged such that the motor axes (17) of all electric motors intersect with the longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate (1). Preferably, the intersection of the motor axes (17) of two electric motors (7) on the longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate (1).
The arrangement can be selected so that at least two of the electric motors (7) are arranged in mirror image to the longitudinal axis. Preferably, four electric motors (7) are arranged mirror-inverted to the longitudinal axis.
Such an arrangement offers advantages in terms of the straight running of the vibrating plate and also improves the steerability, ie the rotation about the vertical axis.

Eine weitere Variante zum Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Vibrationsplatte ist in Figur 10 gezeigt. Darin ist das Energiespeicherelement (3) aus einer Vielzahl einzelner Akkumulatoren gebildet, die auf der Obermasse (2) angeordnet und miteinander verschaltet sind. Zur Steuerung des bzw. der Motoren ist eine elektronische Steuerung (10) vorgesehen. Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die elektronische Steuerung (10) auf der Obermasse (2) angeordnet. Es ist jedoch generell, d.h. unabhängig vom gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel, möglich die elektronische Steuerung (10) auch auf der Untermasse (5) anzuordnen.
Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) mit lediglich einem Elektromotor (7) aufgebaut, der zwei Unwuchtmassen (8) antreibt.Another variant for constructing a vibrating plate according to the invention is shown in FIG FIG. 10 shown. Therein, the energy storage element (3) is formed from a plurality of individual accumulators, which are arranged on the upper mass (2) and interconnected. For controlling the motor (s) an electronic control (10) is provided. In the embodiment shown, the electronic control (10) on the upper mass (2) is arranged. However, it is generally, ie independent of the embodiment shown, possible to arrange the electronic control (10) on the lower mass (5).
In the exemplary embodiment shown, the vibration exciter device (6) is constructed with only one electric motor (7) which drives two imbalance masses (8).

Generell ist es möglich, d.h. unabhängig von den vorgestellten Ausführungsformen, das Energiespeicherelement aus einzelnen Akkuzellen zu bilden. Die Akkuzellen können einzeln austauschbar sein.Generally it is possible, i. independently of the presented embodiments, to form the energy storage element of individual battery cells. The battery cells can be individually interchangeable.

Ferner besteht die Möglichkeit auf der Vibrationsplatte (1) eine elektronisches Lademodul für die Ladung des Energiespeicherelements (3) vorzusehen. Damit wird die Ladung des Energiespeichers direkt auf der Vibrationsplatte (1) ermöglicht. Es ist damit nicht notwendig den Energiespeicher zu entnehmen und zum Lademodul zu transportieren. Das Lademodul kann mit der elektronischen Steuerung baulich integriert sein.It is also possible on the vibration plate (1) to provide an electronic charging module for the charge of the energy storage element (3). This allows the charge of the energy store directly on the vibrating plate (1). It is therefore not necessary to remove the energy storage and transport to the loading module. The charging module can be structurally integrated with the electronic control.

Die angesprochenen Merkmale der Erfindung sind nicht auf die in den Figuren gezeigten Kombinationen an Merkmalen eingeschränkt, sondern können beliebig miteinander kombiniert werden.The mentioned features of the invention are not limited to the combinations of features shown in the figures, but can be combined with each other as desired.

Claims (10)

Vibrationsplatte (1) zur Bodenverdichtung, mit
einer Obermasse (2) an welcher mindestens ein Energiespeicherelement (3) angeordnet ist, einer mit der Obermasse (2) elastisch gekoppelten, wenigstens eine Bodenkontaktplatte (4) aufweisenden Untermasse (5), und mit
einer die Bodenkontaktplatte (4) beaufschlagenden Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass,
die Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) wenigstens einen Elektromotor (7) aufweist, welcher mindestens eine drehbar gelagerte Unwuchtmasse (8) drehend antreibt und welcher mittels der elektrischen Energie des mindestens einen Energiespeicherelements (3) antreibbar ist.Vibratory plate (1) for soil compaction, with
an upper mass (2) on which at least one energy storage element (3) is arranged, one with the upper mass (2) elastically coupled, at least one ground contact plate (4) having lower mass (5), and with
a vibration exciter device (6) acting on the ground contact plate (4),
characterized in that
the vibration exciter device (6) has at least one electric motor (7) which rotationally drives at least one rotatably mounted imbalance mass (8) and which can be driven by means of the electrical energy of the at least one energy storage element (3). Vibrationsplatte (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei
sich eine Welle (9) des Elektromotors (7) quer zu einer Längsachse der Vibrationsplatte erstrecktA vibration plate (1) according to claim 1, wherein
a shaft (9) of the electric motor (7) extends transversely to a longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate Vibrationsplatte (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei
die Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) einen Elektromotor (7) mit zwei Unwuchtmassen (8) aufweist, wobei der Elektromotor (7) axial zwischen den beiden Unwuchtmassen (8) angeordnet ist.A vibration plate (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
the vibration exciter device (6) has an electric motor (7) with two imbalance masses (8), the electric motor (7) being arranged axially between the two imbalance masses (8). Vibrationsplatte (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der mindestens eine Elektromotor (7) ein bürstenloser Elektromotor (7) ist, insbesondere ein BLDC-Motor, ein SR-Motor oder Asynchron-Motor.Vibrating plate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one electric motor (7) is a brushless electric motor (7), in particular a BLDC motor, an SR motor or asynchronous motor. Vibrationsplatte (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Schwingungserregereinrichtung (6) mindestens zwei Elektromotoren (7) mit jeweils zugeordneten Unwuchtmassen (8) aufweist, wobei die Elektromotoren (7) samt zugehöriger Unwuchtmassen (8) räumlich getrennt voneinander auf der Untermasse (8) angeordnet sind.Vibratory plate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the vibration exciter device (6) at least two electric motors (7) each having associated unbalanced masses (8), wherein the electric motors (7) together with associated imbalance masses (8) spatially separated from each other on the lower mass ( 8) are arranged. Vibrationsplatte (1) nach Anspruch 5, wobei
die mindestens zwei Elektromotoren (7) entlang einer Längsachse der Vibrationsplatte gestaffelt angeordnet sind.A vibration plate (1) according to claim 5, wherein
the at least two electric motors (7) are staggered along a longitudinal axis of the vibrating plate. Vibrationsplatte (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei
die Vibrationsplatte eine elektronische Steuerung (10) aufweist, welche die Drehrichtung und/oder Drehgeschwindigkeit des mindestens einen Elektromotors (7) steuert und/oder regelt.A vibration plate (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
the vibration plate has an electronic control (10) which controls and / or regulates the direction of rotation and / or rotational speed of the at least one electric motor (7). Vibrationsplatte (1) nach Anspruch 7, wobei
die elektronische Steuerung (10) dazu ausgelegt ist, die Drehrichtung und
Drehgeschwindigkeit von mindestens zwei Elektromotoren (7) zu steuern und/oder zu regeln und unabhängig voneinander einzustellen.A vibration plate (1) according to claim 7, wherein
the electronic control (10) is adapted to the direction of rotation and
To control rotational speed of at least two electric motors (7) and / or to regulate and set independently. Vibrationsplatte (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 7 oder 8, wobei
die elektronische Steuerung (10) an der Untermasse (5) angeordnet ist.A vibration plate (1) according to any one of claims 7 or 8, wherein
the electronic control (10) is arranged on the lower mass (5). Vibrationsplatte (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Energiespeicherelement (3) an der Obermasse (2) schwingungsentkoppelt angeordnet ist.Vibrating plate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the energy storage element (3) on the upper mass (2) is arranged vibration-decoupled.
EP18190928.4A 2017-09-13 2018-08-27 Soil compacting device Active EP3456879B1 (en)

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ES2883654T3 (en) 2021-12-09
CN109487779A (en) 2019-03-19
DE102017121177A1 (en) 2019-03-28
CN109487779B (en) 2022-01-07
EP3456879B1 (en) 2021-05-19
US10344439B2 (en) 2019-07-09

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