EP3455006A1 - Method for manufacturing a component - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing a component

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Publication number
EP3455006A1
EP3455006A1 EP17720460.9A EP17720460A EP3455006A1 EP 3455006 A1 EP3455006 A1 EP 3455006A1 EP 17720460 A EP17720460 A EP 17720460A EP 3455006 A1 EP3455006 A1 EP 3455006A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
forming
component
blank
semi
tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17720460.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3455006B1 (en
Inventor
Jan Andreas Pfrang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP3455006A1 publication Critical patent/EP3455006A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3455006B1 publication Critical patent/EP3455006B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/005—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00 characterized by the material of the blank or the workpiece
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a component made of a hardenable aluminum alloy according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • Aluminum sheet in the cold tool results in a very soft state of the formed sheet, similar to that of the W-temper condition.
  • the W-Temper process makes increased demands on the process control of the plant technology, because the components have to be reshaped in a tight temporal process window after the heat treatment.
  • the achievable degrees of deformation compared to hot forming are relatively low.
  • Aluminum sheet heat aging the partially formed aluminum sheet, and then finish forming the partially formed aluminum sheet at room temperature into a final shape of the aluminum molded piece.
  • the aluminum plate is quenched after heating, provided with a lubricant and cold formed in a forming tool.
  • the invention proposes a method for producing a component made of a hardenable aluminum alloy. curable
  • Aluminum alloys within the meaning of the invention are so-called 7000er Alloys or 6000 alloys as well as all other alloys that can achieve high strength values by curing.
  • a blank is heated to a predetermined temperature.
  • a blank for example, aluminum boards are to be understood, which were previously deflected by an aluminum coil.
  • blanks can also be boards with a predetermined shape, which are adapted to the final shape of the finished component to be achieved.
  • the blank is heated to a predetermined temperature in the range of 450 to 550 ° C, especially 500 ° C.
  • the heated blank is formed in a cold tool, wherein the blank is cooled simultaneously during the forming of the semifinished product.
  • the heated blank is first cooled and then formed in the forming tool.
  • cooling or quenching to ambient temperature takes place.
  • the ambient temperature is in a range of 5 to 50 ° C.
  • the semi-finished product is in a so-called W state. In this state, the blank has a soft material texture.
  • the core of the invention is the recognition that in this state, an immediate transformation in the cold state can follow, without the component solution must be annealed.
  • a semi-finished product is a two-dimensional or three-dimensionally shaped molded part.
  • a component is also a two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally curved molded part, whose geometric shape and contour in the
  • a minor processing or no machining is necessary to achieve the final shape of the component.
  • post-processing holes introduced, applied coatings or minor trimmings are made on the component.
  • the heated blank can be preformed in a Vorumform suits to the semifinished product and the cooled and preformed semi-finished in a second, near-net shape forming step to be final molded into a component.
  • a pre-forming in the heated state very large degrees of deformation can be realized without causing solidification in the material.
  • near-net shape forming only minor shape adjustments are realized in which the risk of solidification in the material of the component is relatively low.
  • W-state is defined in EN-515: 2000 as a state immediately after solution heat treatment and quenching and represents an unstable state, since the elongation at break / formability decreases by storage at room temperature.
  • the cooled blank may be in a W state prior to forming in the second forming tool.
  • the component can be hardened by a heat treatment.
  • a heat treatment can take place, for example, in the form of thermal aging.
  • the component is at a temperature in the range of 80 to 250 ° C, preferably but 200 ° C, heated and kept at this temperature for two hours.
  • the component is converted into a so-called T6 or a so-called T7 state. States T6 and T7 are also defined in EN-515: 2000.
  • the blank or the preformed semifinished product can be trimmed near net shape. This offers the advantage that the trimming takes place in a relatively soft state. Compared to a trimming of the finished, d. H. hardened component, there is an advantage in that the wear on the trimming tools can be significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 1 shows the method step of heating
  • FIG. 2 shows the method step of the first forming
  • FIG. 3 shows the preformed semi-finished product
  • FIG. 4 shows the method step of the second forming
  • FIG. 5 shows the method step of component hardening.
  • a preformed board 10 is heated by means of a heater 40 to a predetermined temperature in the range of about 500 ° C +/- 10%.
  • the heated blank 10 is introduced into a first forming tool 20, which comprises an upper mold half 21 and a lower mold half 22.
  • the two tool halves 21, 22 are close to each other and open to move away from each other.
  • the heated blank 10 is formed into a semi-finished 1 1.
  • large degrees of deformation are achieved, so that the Hauptumformarbeit, which is necessary for the transformation of the blank 10 to the finished component 12, already performed in the first forming step in the tool 20.
  • the formed semi-finished product 1 1 can be quenched at the same time as the forming in the forming tool 20.
  • the formed semi-finished product 1 1 As soon as the formed semi-finished product 1 1 has cooled, it is introduced into a second forming tool 30. This includes analogous to the first
  • Tool 20 also an upper mold half 31 and a lower mold half 32, which are movable toward and away from each other. By closing the tool halves 31 and 32, the preformed semi-finished product 1 1 is brought to the final contour of the finished component 12. As can be seen from FIG. 4, only minor degrees of deformation are achieved in this case. The formed on final contour component 12 and the only
  • Endkonturnah shaped component 12 is removed from the second forming tool 30 and cured by means of a heat treatment.
  • This heat treatment is shown in Figure 5, in which by means of a second heater 50, the component 12 to a predetermined temperature z. B. in the range of 180 ° C to 250 ° C is heated. After the component has a predetermined time, z. B. 2h, was exposed to this temperature, the finished component has predetermined strength properties.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

Method for manufacturing a component (12) from a hardenable aluminum alloy, comprising the steps of: - heating a blank (11) to a predefined temperature; - shaping the heated blank (10) into a semifinished product (11) in a shaping tool (20); - cooling the semifinished product (11) during or following the shaping process; characterized by the step of - shaping the cooled semifinished product (11) into a component (12) in a second shaping tool (30).

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils  Method for producing a component
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils aus einer härtbaren Aluminiumlegierung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs 1 . The present invention relates to a method for producing a component made of a hardenable aluminum alloy according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
Zur Umformung von Aluminium haben sich vier grundsätzlich verschiedene Verfahren etabliert. Beim Kaltumformen im sogenannten T4-Zustand erfolgt das Umformen einer Aluminiumplatine in einem weichen Zustand. Danach wird durch Warmauslagern das Bauteil gehärtet. Beim W-Tempern und Umformen im W-Zustand wird eine Aluminiumplatine zunächst For the transformation of aluminum, four fundamentally different methods have been established. When cold forming in the so-called T4 state, the forming of an aluminum plate is carried out in a soft state. Thereafter, the component is cured by hot aging. When W tempering and forming in the W state, an aluminum plate is first
lösungsgeglüht, anschließend abgeschreckt und sofort im sehr weichen Zustand umgeformt. Auch hieran kann sich ein Warmauslagern anschließen zum Härten des Materials. Beim sogenannten Halbwarmumformen wird ein ausgehärteter Werkstoff auf ca. 200 bis 250 °C erwärmt und in diesem warmen und erweichten Zustand umgeformt. Darüber hinaus ist auch das Warmumformen bekannt, bei dem eine aushärtbare Legierung auf solution annealed, then quenched and immediately formed in a very soft state. This can also be followed by a hot aging to harden the material. In the so-called warm forging a hardened material is heated to about 200 to 250 ° C and formed in this warm and softened state. In addition, hot forming is also known in which a hardenable alloy
Temperaturen über 400 °C erwärmt wird und in einem kalten oder warmen Umformwerkzeug umgeformt wird. Beim Umformen des heißen Temperatures above 400 ° C is heated and is formed in a cold or warm forming tool. When reshaping the hot
Aluminiumblechs im kalten Werkzeug ergibt sich ein sehr weicher Zustand des umgeformten Blechs, ähnlich dem des W-Temper Zustands. Aluminum sheet in the cold tool results in a very soft state of the formed sheet, similar to that of the W-temper condition.
Das W-Temper Verfahren stellt erhöhte Anforderung an die Prozessführung der Anlagentechnik, denn die Bauteile müssen in einem engen zeitlichen Prozessfenster nach der Wärmebehandlung umgeformt werden. Die erreichbaren Umformgrade verglichen mit dem Warmumformen sind relativ gering. Aus der DE 10 2008 032 91 1 A1 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Aluminium-Formteils bekannt, mit den Schritten: Einlegen eines The W-Temper process makes increased demands on the process control of the plant technology, because the components have to be reshaped in a tight temporal process window after the heat treatment. The achievable degrees of deformation compared to hot forming are relatively low. From DE 10 2008 032 91 1 A1 a method for producing an aluminum molding is known, with the steps: inserting a
Aluminiumblechs in ein Umformwerkzeug, Teilumformen des Aluminum sheet in a forming tool, partial forming of the
Aluminiumblechs bei Raumtemperatur zu einem teilumgeformten Aluminum sheet at room temperature to a partially formed
Aluminiumblech, Warmauslagern des teilumgeformten Aluminiumblechs und anschließendes Endumformen des teilumgeformten Aluminiumblechs bei Raumtemperatur in eine Endform des Aluminium-Formteils. Aluminum sheet, heat aging the partially formed aluminum sheet, and then finish forming the partially formed aluminum sheet at room temperature into a final shape of the aluminum molded piece.
Aus der DE 10 2012 007 213 ist ein weiteres Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Aluminium-Formteils bekannt. Gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform wird eine umzuformende Aluminiumplatine erhitzt und unter gleichzeitiger From DE 10 2012 007 213 a further method for producing an aluminum molding is known. According to a first embodiment, an aluminum plate to be formed is heated and at the same time
Abschreckung in einem gekühlten Umformwerkzeug umgeformt. Gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform wird die Aluminiumplatine nach dem Erhitzen abgeschreckt, mit einem Schmierstoff versehen und in kaltem Zustand in einem Umformwerkzeug umgeformt. Deterrence formed in a cooled forming tool. According to a second embodiment, the aluminum plate is quenched after heating, provided with a lubricant and cold formed in a forming tool.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik macht es sich die vorliegende Erfindung zur Aufgabe, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils anzugeben, mit dem die Nachteile des Standes der Technik überwunden werden. Es ist eine besondere Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem größtmögliche Umformgrade erzielbar sind. Darüber hinaus ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren anzugeben, welches sich durch hohe Taktzeiten bzw. durch starke verfahrenstechnische Starting from this prior art, it is the object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a component with which the disadvantages of the prior art are overcome. It is a particular object of the invention to provide a method with which the greatest possible degree of deformation can be achieved. In addition, it is an object of the invention to provide a method which is characterized by high cycle times or by strong procedural
Vereinfachung auszeichnet. Simplification distinguishes.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des This task is performed using a procedure with the characteristics of
unabhängigen Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Die davon abhängigen independent claim 1 solved. The dependent on it
Patentansprüche stellen vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung dar. Claims represent advantageous embodiments of the invention.
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe schlägt die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils aus einer härtbaren Aluminiumlegierung vor. Härtbare To achieve the object, the invention proposes a method for producing a component made of a hardenable aluminum alloy. curable
Aluminiumlegierungen im Sinne der Erfindung sind sogenannte 7000er Legierungen oder 6000er Legierungen sowie alle weiteren Legierungen, die durch Aushärtung hohe Festigkeitswerte erreichen können. In einem ersten Schritt des Verfahrens wird ein Rohteil auf eine vorbestimmte Temperatur erwärmt. Als Rohteil sind beispielsweise Aluminiumplatinen zu verstehen, die vorher von einem Aluminium Coil abgelenkt wurden. Selbstverständlich können Rohteile auch Platinen mit einer vorbestimmten Form sein, die auf die zu erzielende Endform des fertigen Bauteils angepasst sind. Das Rohteil wird auf eine vorbestimmte Temperatur im Bereich von 450 bis 550 °C, insbesondere 500 °C, erwärmt. Gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform wird das erwärmte Rohteil in einem kalten Werkzeug umgeformt, wobei das Rohteil bei der Umformung zum Halbzeug gleichzeitig abgekühlt wird. Aluminum alloys within the meaning of the invention are so-called 7000er Alloys or 6000 alloys as well as all other alloys that can achieve high strength values by curing. In a first step of the method, a blank is heated to a predetermined temperature. As a blank, for example, aluminum boards are to be understood, which were previously deflected by an aluminum coil. Of course, blanks can also be boards with a predetermined shape, which are adapted to the final shape of the finished component to be achieved. The blank is heated to a predetermined temperature in the range of 450 to 550 ° C, especially 500 ° C. According to a first embodiment, the heated blank is formed in a cold tool, wherein the blank is cooled simultaneously during the forming of the semifinished product.
Gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird das erwärmte Rohteil zunächst abgekühlt und dann in dem Umformwerkzeug umgeformt. In beiden beschriebenen Ausführungsformen erfolgt ein Abkühlen bzw. ein Abschrecken auf Umgebungstemperatur. Die Umgebungstemperatur liegt dabei in einem Bereich von 5 bis 50 °C. Nach dem Umformen liegt das Halbzeug in einem sogenannten W-Zustand vor. In diesem Zustand liegt weist das Rohteil ein weiches Materialgefüge auf. According to a second embodiment of the invention, the heated blank is first cooled and then formed in the forming tool. In both embodiments described, cooling or quenching to ambient temperature takes place. The ambient temperature is in a range of 5 to 50 ° C. After forming, the semi-finished product is in a so-called W state. In this state, the blank has a soft material texture.
Kern der Erfindung ist die Erkenntnis, dass in diesem Zustand eine sich unmittelbare Umformung im kalten Zustand anschließen kann, ohne dass das Bauteil lösungsgeglüht werden muss. Durch die Umformung des abgekühlten Halbzeugs in einem zweiten Umformwerkzeug wird nahezu die Endform des Bauteils erzeugt. Im Sinne der Erfindung ist ein Halbzeug ein zweidimensional oder dreidimensional geformtes Formteil. Im Sinne der Erfindung ist ein Bauteil ein ebenfalls zweidimensional oder dreidimensional gekrümmtes Formteil, dessen geometrische Form und Kontur im The core of the invention is the recognition that in this state, an immediate transformation in the cold state can follow, without the component solution must be annealed. By forming the cooled semifinished product in a second forming tool almost the final shape of the component is produced. For the purposes of the invention, a semi-finished product is a two-dimensional or three-dimensionally shaped molded part. For the purposes of the invention, a component is also a two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally curved molded part, whose geometric shape and contour in the
Wesentlichen dem fertigen Bauteil entspricht. Mit anderen Worten, ist nach dem zweiten Umformen nur noch eine geringfügige Bearbeitung oder auch gar keine Bearbeitung notwendig, um die Endform des Bauteils zu erreichen. Selbstverständlich können jedoch durch Nachbearbeitung noch Löcher eingebracht, Beschichtungen aufgebracht oder geringfügige Beschnitte am Bauteil vorgenommen werden. Substantially corresponds to the finished component. In other words, after the second forming only a minor processing or no machining is necessary to achieve the final shape of the component. Of course, however, by post-processing holes introduced, applied coatings or minor trimmings are made on the component.
Weiterhin kann das erwärmte Rohteil in einem Vorumformschritt zu dem Halbzeug vorgeformt werden und das abgekühlte und vorgeformte Halbzeug in einem zweiten, endkonturnahen Umformschritt zu einem Bauteil endgeformt werden. Bei einer Vorumformung in erwärmten Zustand können sehr große Umformgrade realisiert werden, ohne dass es zu Verfestigungen im Material kommt. Bei der zweiten, endkonturnahen Umformung werden nur noch geringfügige Formanpassungen realisiert, bei denen die Gefahr von Verfestigungen im Material des Bauteils verhältnismäßig gering ist. Durch die Kombination des Warmumformens in einer ersten Umformstufe, wobei der warme Werkstoff in einem kalten Werkzeug umgeformt wird, und im direkten Anschluss des Umformens im W-Zustand als zweite Umformstufe, verlässt das Material des Aluminiumblechs die erste Umformstufe im W-Zustand, der technisch für die zweite Umformstufe genutzt werden kann. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass eine zusätzliche Wärmebehandlung, die sonst für das Furthermore, the heated blank can be preformed in a Vorumformschritt to the semifinished product and the cooled and preformed semi-finished in a second, near-net shape forming step to be final molded into a component. In a pre-forming in the heated state very large degrees of deformation can be realized without causing solidification in the material. In the second, near-net shape forming only minor shape adjustments are realized in which the risk of solidification in the material of the component is relatively low. By combining hot forming in a first forming step, with the hot material being formed in a cold tool, and immediately following forming in the W state as a second forming step, the aluminum sheet material leaves the first forming stage in the W state, technically can be used for the second forming stage. This offers the advantage of having an additional heat treatment that otherwise for the
Umformverfahren im W-Zustand notwendig ist, entfällt. Somit kann das Umformvermögen des Werkstoffs optimal ausgenützt werden und das Herstellverfahren um einen Erwärmungsschritt gekürzt werden. Der sogenannte W-Zustand ist in der EN-515:2000 definiert als Zustand unmittelbar nach dem Lösungsglühen und Abschrecken und stellt einen instabilen Zustand dar, da die Bruchdehnung/Umformbarkeit durch die Lagerung bei Raumtemperatur abnimmt. Forming process in W-state is necessary, not applicable. Thus, the Umformvermögen the material can be optimally utilized and the manufacturing process can be shortened by a heating step. The so-called W state is defined in EN-515: 2000 as a state immediately after solution heat treatment and quenching and represents an unstable state, since the elongation at break / formability decreases by storage at room temperature.
Weiterhin kann sich das abgekühlte Rohteil vor der Umformung in dem zweiten Umformwerkzeug in einem W-Zustand befinden. Furthermore, the cooled blank may be in a W state prior to forming in the second forming tool.
Weiterhin kann in einem anschließenden Verfahrensschritt das Bauteil durch eine Wärmebehandlung gehärtet werden. Eine derartige Wärmebehandlung kann beispielsweise in Form einer Warmauslagerung erfolgen. Dabei wird das Bauteil auf eine Temperatur im Bereich von 80 bis 250 °C, bevorzugt jedoch 200 °C, erwärmt und zwei Stunden auf dieser Temperatur gehalten. Dadurch wird das Bauteil in einen sogenannten T6 oder einen sogenannten T7 Zustand überführt. Die Zustände T6 und T7 sind ebenfalls in der EN- 515:2000 definiert. Furthermore, in a subsequent method step, the component can be hardened by a heat treatment. Such a heat treatment can take place, for example, in the form of thermal aging. In this case, the component is at a temperature in the range of 80 to 250 ° C, preferably but 200 ° C, heated and kept at this temperature for two hours. As a result, the component is converted into a so-called T6 or a so-called T7 state. States T6 and T7 are also defined in EN-515: 2000.
Bevorzugt erfolgt vor der Härtung des geformten Halbzeugs ein Beschnitt des vorgeformten Bauteils oder des Rohteils. Das Rohteil bzw. das vorgeformte Halbzeug kann dabei endkonturnah beschnitten werden. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass der Beschnitt in einem verhältnismäßig weichen Zustand erfolgt. Gegenüber einem Beschnitt des fertigen, d. h. gehärteten Bauteils, ergibt sich ein Vorteil dahingehend, dass der Verschleiß an den Beschnittwerkzeugen wesentlich reduziert werden kann. Preference is given to trimming the preformed component or the blank before curing the shaped semi-finished product. The blank or the preformed semifinished product can be trimmed near net shape. This offers the advantage that the trimming takes place in a relatively soft state. Compared to a trimming of the finished, d. H. hardened component, there is an advantage in that the wear on the trimming tools can be significantly reduced.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Figurenbeschreibung näher erläutert. Die Beschreibung, die Ansprüche und die Figuren zeigen eine Vielzahl von Merkmalen, die ein Fachmann auch in anderen Kombinationen in Erwägung ziehen würde, um sie an entsprechende Anforderungen anzupassen. The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the description of the figures. The description, claims, and figures show a variety of features that a person skilled in the art would contemplate in other combinations to suit their needs.
Dabei zeigen in schematischer, vereinfachter Darstellung: In a schematic, simplified representation:
Figur 1 den Verfahrensschritt des Aufheizens, FIG. 1 shows the method step of heating,
Figur 2 den Verfahrensschritt der ersten Umformung, FIG. 2 shows the method step of the first forming,
Figur 3 das vorgeformte Halbzeug, FIG. 3 shows the preformed semi-finished product,
Figur 4 den Verfahrensschritt der zweiten Umformung, und FIG. 4 shows the method step of the second forming, and
Figur 5 den Verfahrensschritt der Bauteilhärtung. Wie aus Figur 1 ersichtlich ist, wird eine vorgeformte Platine 10 mit Hilfe einer Heizeinrichtung 40 auf eine vorbestimmte Temperatur im Bereich von ca. 500 °C +/- 10 % erwärmt. Das erwärmte Rohteil 10 wird in einem ersten Umformwerkzeug 20, welches eine obere Werkzeughälfte 21 und eine untere Werkzeughälfte 22 umfasst, eingebracht. Die beiden Werkzeughälften 21 , 22 sind zum schließen aufeinander zu und zum öffnen voneinander weg bewegbar. Durch Schließen der beiden Werkzeughälften 21 , 22 wird das erwärmte Rohteil 10 zu einem Halbzeug 1 1 umgeformt. Dabei werden große Umformgrade erzielt, so dass die Hauptumformarbeit, die für die Umformung vom Rohteil 10 zum fertigen Bauteil 12 notwendig ist, bereits in dem ersten Umformschritt im Werkzeug 20 verrichtet wird. Das umgeformte Halbzeug 1 1 kann dabei zeitgleich mit der Umformung in dem Umformwerkzeug 20 abgeschreckt werden. FIG. 5 shows the method step of component hardening. As can be seen from Figure 1, a preformed board 10 is heated by means of a heater 40 to a predetermined temperature in the range of about 500 ° C +/- 10%. The heated blank 10 is introduced into a first forming tool 20, which comprises an upper mold half 21 and a lower mold half 22. The two tool halves 21, 22 are close to each other and open to move away from each other. By closing the two tool halves 21, 22, the heated blank 10 is formed into a semi-finished 1 1. In this case, large degrees of deformation are achieved, so that the Hauptumformarbeit, which is necessary for the transformation of the blank 10 to the finished component 12, already performed in the first forming step in the tool 20. The formed semi-finished product 1 1 can be quenched at the same time as the forming in the forming tool 20.
Alternativ dazu kann es, wie in Figur 3 dargestellt, nachträglich, Alternatively, it may, as shown in Figure 3, subsequently,
beispielsweise durch Luft, aktiv oder passiv auf Raumtemperatur bzw. For example, by air, active or passive to room temperature or
Umgebungstemperatur abgekühlt werden. Be cooled ambient temperature.
Sobald das umgeformte Halbzeug 1 1 abgekühlt ist, wird es in ein zweites Umformwerkzeug 30 eingebracht. Dieses umfasst analog zum ersten As soon as the formed semi-finished product 1 1 has cooled, it is introduced into a second forming tool 30. This includes analogous to the first
Werkzeug 20 ebenfalls eine obere Werkzeughälfte 31 und eine untere Werkzeughälfte 32, die aufeinander zu und voneinander weg bewegbar sind. Durch Schließen der Werkzeug hälften 31 und 32 wird das vorgeformte Halbzeug 1 1 auf die Endkontur des fertigen Bauteils 12 gebracht. Wie aus Figur 4 ersichtlich ist, werden hierbei nur noch geringfügige Umformgrade erzielt. Das auf Endkontur geformte Bauteil 12 bzw. das lediglich Tool 20 also an upper mold half 31 and a lower mold half 32, which are movable toward and away from each other. By closing the tool halves 31 and 32, the preformed semi-finished product 1 1 is brought to the final contour of the finished component 12. As can be seen from FIG. 4, only minor degrees of deformation are achieved in this case. The formed on final contour component 12 and the only
endkonturnah geformte Bauteil 12 wird aus dem zweiten Umformwerkzeug 30 entnommen und mit Hilfe einer Wärmebehandlung gehärtet. Diese Wärmebehandlung ist in Figur 5 gezeigt, bei der mit Hilfe einer zweiten Heizeinrichtung 50 das Bauteil 12 auf eine vorbestimmte Temperatur z. B. im Bereich von 180°C bis 250 °C erwärmt wird. Nachdem das Bauteil eine vorbestimmte Zeit, z. B. 2h, dieser Temperatur ausgesetzt wurde, hat das fertige Bauteil vorbestimmte Festigkeitseigenschaften. Endkonturnah shaped component 12 is removed from the second forming tool 30 and cured by means of a heat treatment. This heat treatment is shown in Figure 5, in which by means of a second heater 50, the component 12 to a predetermined temperature z. B. in the range of 180 ° C to 250 ° C is heated. After the component has a predetermined time, z. B. 2h, was exposed to this temperature, the finished component has predetermined strength properties.
Als Endprodukt des Verfahrens entsteht dadurch ein Aluminiumbauteil bzw. ein Aluminium-Formteil, das auf den Zustand T6 bzw. T7 gehärtet und zweifach umgeformt ist. Mit dem Verfahren werden höhere Umformgrade erzielt und Bauteile hergestellt, deren Geometrie mit einem einzelnen Verfahrensschritt nicht abbildbar wäre. Darüber hinaus erfolgt eine As an end product of the process, this results in an aluminum component or an aluminum molding, which is cured to the state T6 or T7 and formed twice. The method achieves higher degrees of deformation and produces components whose geometry would not be reproducible with a single process step. In addition, a
Kostenoptimierung durch den Entfall einer Wärmebehandlungsstufe, die aufgrund der Prozesskombination eingespart werden kann. Cost optimization through the elimination of a heat treatment stage, which can be saved due to the process combination.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1 . Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils (12) aus einer härtbaren Aluminiumlegierung, mit den Schritten: 1 . A method of making a hardenable aluminum alloy component (12) comprising the steps of:
Erwärmen eines Rohteils (1 1 ) auf eine vorbestimmte  Heating a blank (1 1) to a predetermined
Temperatur,  Temperature,
Umformen des erwärmten Rohteils (10) in einem Umformwerkzeug (20) zu einem Halbzeug (1 1 ),  Forming the heated blank (10) in a forming tool (20) into a semi-finished product (1 1),
Abkühlen des Halbzeugs (1 1 ), wobei das Abkühlen nach dem Umformen oder während des Umformens erfolgt,  Cooling the semifinished product (1 1), wherein the cooling takes place after the forming or during the forming,
gekennzeichnet durch den Schritt  characterized by the step
Umformen des abgekühlten Halbzeugs (1 1 ) in einem zweiten Umformwerkzeug (30) zu einem Bauteil (12).  Forming the cooled semi-finished product (1 1) in a second forming tool (30) to a component (12).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that
das erwärmte Rohteil (10) in einem Vorumformschritt zu dem Halbzeug (1 1 ) vorgeformt und  the heated blank (10) preformed in a Vorumformschritt to the semifinished product (1 1) and
das abgekühlte und vorgeformte Halbzeug (1 1 ) in einem Endumformschritt zu einem Bauteil (12) endgeformt wird.  the cooled and preformed semi-finished product (11) is finally shaped into a component (12) in a final forming step.
3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
sich das abgekühlte Rohteil (1 1 ) vor der Umformung in dem zweiten Umformwerkzeug (30) in einem W-Zustand befindet.  the cooled blank (11) is in a W state prior to forming in the second forming tool (30).
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
das Bauteil (12) gehärtet wird durch eine Wärmebehandlung.  the component (12) is hardened by a heat treatment.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
vor der Härtung des Bauteils (12) ein Beschnitt des Bauteils (12), des Halbzeugs (12) oder des Rohteils (10) erfolgt. before the component (12) is hardened, a trimming of the component (12), the Semi-finished product (12) or the blank (10) takes place.
EP17720460.9A 2016-05-10 2017-04-27 Method for manufacturing a component Active EP3455006B1 (en)

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PCT/EP2017/060007 WO2017194313A1 (en) 2016-05-10 2017-04-27 Method for manufacturing a component

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JP6987692B2 (en) * 2018-04-27 2022-01-05 株式会社ジーテクト Aluminum alloy molding method
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CN111496050B (en) * 2020-04-09 2022-03-25 武汉理工大学 Cold-hot composite stamping forming device and stamping method for aluminum alloy plate
EP3896188A1 (en) * 2020-04-15 2021-10-20 Politechnika Wroclawska A method of manufacturing of energy-absorbing elements made of age-hardenable aluminum alloy sheets that facilitate further joining
CN112775310B (en) * 2020-12-23 2021-11-09 上海交通大学 Aluminum alloy thin-wall component and efficient hot stamping forming method and application thereof

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GB0817169D0 (en) * 2008-09-19 2008-10-29 Univ Birmingham Improved process for forming aluminium alloy sheet components
DE102009031449A1 (en) * 2009-07-01 2010-03-25 Daimler Ag Production of an aluminum molded part comprises heating sheet aluminum in areas using inductive heating or flames and deep drawing in a deep drawing tool
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WO2017194313A1 (en) 2017-11-16
EP3455006B1 (en) 2023-09-06

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