EP3452772B1 - Plastic heat exchanger and vehicle comprising this exchanger - Google Patents

Plastic heat exchanger and vehicle comprising this exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3452772B1
EP3452772B1 EP17725716.9A EP17725716A EP3452772B1 EP 3452772 B1 EP3452772 B1 EP 3452772B1 EP 17725716 A EP17725716 A EP 17725716A EP 3452772 B1 EP3452772 B1 EP 3452772B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
plates
fluid
intermediate spaces
passage well
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17725716.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3452772A1 (en
Inventor
Gilles WAYMEL
Christophe MAESEELE
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Novares France SAS
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Novares France SAS
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Publication of EP3452772A1 publication Critical patent/EP3452772A1/en
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Publication of EP3452772B1 publication Critical patent/EP3452772B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/065—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0012—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the apparatus having an annular form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0093—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and to a vehicle comprising this heat exchanger.
  • Plate heat exchangers traditionally comprise several rectangular aluminum plates stacked so as to form between the adjacent plates an intermediate space intended for the circulation of a fluid. It is thus known from the document FR2910119 a non-plastic plate heat exchanger comprising an inlet and an outlet, as well as a stack of parallel plates.
  • the heat exchangers comprise a first group of intermediate spaces fluidly connected to each other for the circulation of a first fluid through the stack of plates, and a second group of intermediate spaces fluidly connected to each other for the circulation of a second fluid through the stack of plates.
  • the aluminum heat exchangers have a parallelepiped shape which makes it difficult to integrate them into an environment where the space available is limited. This may result in a relatively limited yield.
  • the present invention aims to overcome all or part of these drawbacks by proposing a heat exchanger offering improved compactness and efficiency.
  • the subject of the present invention is a heat exchanger, of plastic material, comprising a plurality of plates stacked in a predetermined stacking direction, the adjacent plates of the stack of plates being spaced apart in the stacking direction so delimiting a set of intermediate spaces intended for a circulation of fluid between the plates, in which the plates have an exterior side and an opposite interior side, the interior side being shaped to delimit an opening, so that all of the openings forms through the stacked plates a fluid passage well, and in which the set of intermediate spaces comprises closed intermediate spaces and open intermediate spaces, each open intermediate space having a first radial opening extending between the interior sides of two adjacent plates so as to lead into the pass well of fluid, and a second radial opening extending between the outer sides of two adjacent plates, the first radial opening and the second radial opening being in fluid communication so as to allow circulation of fluid from the passage well to the outside the exchanger, or vice versa, and through each open intermediate space delimited by two adjacent plates.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention has a passage well allowing an inlet or outlet of fluid axially, orthogonally to the circulation of fluid between the plates, which improves the efficiency of the heat exchange.
  • the passage well clears a space which can allow the heat exchanger to be positioned in places that are more difficult to access, so that the heat exchanger is less bulky.
  • the openings delimiting the passage well have a similar shape and surface.
  • the openings are circular.
  • the first radial opening extends along the inside of each plate delimiting an open intermediate space.
  • the second radial opening extends along the outside of each plate delimiting an open intermediate space.
  • the heat exchanger comprises at least one wall extending through the passage well to delimit through the passage well at least two compartments each intended for the circulation of a fluid.
  • the passage well can be used to distribute several fluids through the heat exchanger.
  • the passage well extends in a rectilinear manner.
  • An advantage of this characteristic is to allow a uniform distribution of fluid across all of the open intermediate spaces. Thus, this improves the efficiency of heat transfer.
  • the heat exchanger comprises means of forced convection arranged inside the passage well.
  • the forced convection means include for example a fan.
  • the interior side of the plates extends in a closed line.
  • the heat exchanger has an alternation of closed intermediate spaces and open intermediate spaces.
  • the set of intermediate spaces comprises closed intermediate spaces adjacent to the open intermediate spaces, and the closed intermediate spaces delimit a fluid passage circuit extending all around the passage well.
  • This characteristic increases the heat exchange surface.
  • said passage circuit comprises at least one internal partition positioned between an inlet and an outlet so as to force a fluid to flow several times around the direction in which the passage well extends.
  • the heat exchanger comprises one or more obstacles arranged between the first radial opening and the second radial opening to impede the flow of fluid.
  • Obstacles create a turbulent flow favoring heat transfer.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle comprising a heat exchanger having the aforementioned characteristics.
  • the figure 1 shows a heat exchanger 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the heat exchanger 1 is intended to allow heat transfer between at least two fluids 2, 4, as illustrated diagrammatically on the figure 3 .
  • the heat exchanger 1 can equip for example a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle.
  • the heat exchanger 1 is of the plate heat exchanger type.
  • the heat exchanger 1 comprises a plurality of plates 6 stacked in a predetermined stacking direction E.
  • the stacking direction E can be straight. As seen on figures 1 and 4 , the stacking direction E can be perpendicular to the plates 6.
  • the heat exchanger 1 may comprise two end plates 7 between which the stack of plates 6 extends.
  • the adjacent plates 6 of this stack of plates are spaced in the stacking direction E so as to delimit, between the adjacent plates 6, a set of intermediate spaces 8 intended for a circulation of fluid between the plates 6.
  • the plates 6 can be of the same shape and the same dimensions, so that once stacked, the outer edges of the plates 6 coincide. According to the example of the figures, the plates 6 have a disc shape.
  • the plates 6 have an inner edge or side 60, as well as an outer edge or side 62, opposite the inner side 60, extending in the longitudinal direction of the plates, if necessary from one end 61 to the other of the plates 6.
  • the plates 6 are configured to allow heat exchange therethrough, that is to say from an intermediate space 8 to an adjacent intermediate space 8.
  • the heat exchanger 1, in particular the plates 6, 7, is made of plastic, in particular of plastic containing a thermally conductive filler, such as for example polyamide 66 (PA66) including a filler of graphite and / or carbon, to provide a thermal conductivity at 20 ° C greater than 0.6 Wm -1 .K -1 , preferably equal to or greater than 1 Wm -1 .K -1 .
  • a thermally conductive filler such as for example polyamide 66 (PA66) including a filler of graphite and / or carbon
  • Each plate 6 may have a thickness and / or a density different from that of one or more other plates 6, for example increasing or decreasing in the direction E of stacking, so that the stack of plates 6 advantageously has a thermal gradient predetermined through the stack of plates 6.
  • the set of intermediate spaces 8 comprises closed intermediate spaces 80, and open intermediate spaces 82.
  • the closed intermediate spaces 80 and the open intermediate spaces 82 are arranged alternately in the stacking direction E.
  • the closed intermediate spaces 80 are intended for the circulation of at least one fluid 2 in a closed volume which is here delimited by faces 64 facing two adjacent plates 6, an external lateral wall 67 which in particular connects the external sides 62 of these adjacent plates 6, and an interior lateral wall 66 connecting in particular the interior sides 60 of the two corresponding adjacent plates 6.
  • the closed intermediate spaces 80 are advantageously in fluid communication with each other, that is to say are adapted to allow a circulation of fluid from an intermediate space 80 closed to another preferably consecutive in the stacking direction E .
  • the heat exchanger 1 for this purpose comprises a distribution network and a fluid evacuation network for distributing and evacuating one or more fluids in the closed intermediate spaces 80, these networks being formed by openings 12 which can be formed through the plates 6.
  • the openings 12 comprise inlet openings 12a, forming the distribution network, and outlet openings 12b, forming the discharge network.
  • Within each closed intermediate space 80 open at least one inlet opening 12a and one outlet opening 12b.
  • the heat exchanger 1 may comprise a peripheral wall 68 extending all around one or more openings 12 so to form a guide duct.
  • the openings 12, in particular the inlet openings 12a and / or the outlet openings 12b are advantageously coaxial in order to limit the pressure drops in the heat exchanger 1.
  • the heat exchanger 1 has at least one inlet 14, opening onto the fluid distribution network, for admitting a fluid 2 inside the closed intermediate spaces 80 of the stack of plates 6 and at least one outlet 16, communicating with the evacuation network, to evacuate the fluid 2 out of the intermediate spaces 80 of the stack of plates 6.
  • the inlet 14 and the outlet 16 are notably formed through one of the two end plates 7, more precisely the same plate 7 end.
  • the open intermediate spaces 82 are intended for the circulation of at least one fluid 4 in an open volume here delimited between faces 69 facing two adjacent plates 6, so that this fluid can pass through the stack of plates 6 either from the outside the heat exchanger 1 to the passage well, ie from the passage well to the outside of the heat exchanger 1.
  • Each open intermediate space 82 has a first radial opening 84 extending between the interior sides 60 of two adjacent plates 6, and a second radial opening 86 extending between the exterior sides 62 of the corresponding two adjacent plates 6.
  • the first radial opening 84 and the second radial opening 86 are in fluid communication through the corresponding open intermediate space 82 from one of these two openings 84, 86 to the other.
  • the plates 6 extend longitudinally along a non-rectilinear trajectory, in particular a curvilinear trajectory, and more precisely circular, as illustrated in the figures, from one end 61 to the other, so that the interior sides 60 of the plates 6 delimit an opening 18.
  • the outside side 62 of the plates 6 extends over a greater distance than the inside side 60; the inner sides 60 and the outer sides 62 may be circular, of the same respective diameter from one plate 6 to another.
  • the openings 18 of two adjacent plates 6 overlap in whole or in part, preferably overlap, so that all of the openings 18 delimit a passage well preferably extending in the direction E of stacking, through the stack of plates 6.
  • the passage well is intended for the circulation of at least one fluid 4 through the stack of plates 6, as illustrated diagrammatically on the figure 3 .
  • the openings 18 can be aligned in the stacking direction, for example coaxial as visible in the figures.
  • the passage well thus defined can be rectilinear, for example cylindrical.
  • the openings 18 advantageously have a shape, preferably circular, and a surface, if necessary diameter, similar.
  • the openings 18 can be opened towards the outside, as illustrated on the figure 2 , or preferably closed, as visible for example on Figures 1 and 3 , that is to say that the interior sides 60 extend in a closed line and completely surround the openings 18. If necessary, the openings 18, and consequently the passage well, are advantageously positioned in the center of the plates 6 , for a better efficiency of the heat exchange.
  • the openings 18 are through, that is to say, each open on the two opposite faces 64, 69 of each corresponding plate 6.
  • the first radial openings 84 open into the passage well, while the second radial openings 86 open to the outside of the heat exchanger 1, opposite the passage well, so that the heat exchanger 1 allows a circulation of fluid from the passage well to the outside of the exchanger 1, or vice versa, and through each open intermediate space 82 delimited by two adjacent plates 2.
  • One or both end plates 7 may also have an opening 18 similar to that delimited by the plates 6 of the stack of plates 6.
  • the opening 18 delimited by the end plate or plates 7 can thus act as inlet or outlet for the fluid or fluids intended to flow through the passage well.
  • the first radial openings 84 extend all along the interior sides 60 delimiting it, that is to say extend all around the passage well, preferably continuously, to maximize the entry or exit surface. of fluid inside the corresponding open intermediate space 82.
  • the second radial openings 86 can extend all along the sides 62 outside, that is to say all around the stack of plates 6, preferably continuously.
  • the heat exchanger 1 can comprise at least one separating wall 22 extending through the passage well, along the latter, to delimit through the passage well into at least two compartments each intended for circulation d 'a fluid.
  • the open intermediate spaces 82 may further include one or more radial walls 87 arranged in the extension of the separating wall to delimit, within the open intermediate spaces 82, compartments each communicating with one of the compartments of the passage well.
  • two fluids represented by the arrows 30 and 32, are intended to circulate through the passage well and the open intermediate spaces 82.
  • the separating wall 22 can be formed by the juxtaposition and the assembly of separating rods 220, each separating rod 220 extending through the opening 18 of one of the plates 6, by joining two distinct locations on the interior side 60 of this plate 6. According to the example of figures 7 to 9 , the separating rods 220 extend in a rectilinear fashion and connect two diametrically opposite locations on the inner side 60.
  • the plates 6 may have a peripheral wall element 24 extending at a distance and around the outside side 62, for example parallel to the latter.
  • the peripheral wall elements 24 delimit with the outer sides 62 of the plates 6 a guide duct for either distributing fluids from an inlet / outlet 26 towards the second radial openings 86, or collecting the fluids at the outlet from the second openings 86 and guide them towards the entry / exit 26.
  • the plates 6 further comprise connecting rods 28 which connect the outer side 62 to the corresponding peripheral wall element 24. As seen on figures 7 to 9 , at least several of these connecting rods 28 are arranged in the extension of the radial walls 87, so as to compartmentalize the guide duct formed between the peripheral wall elements 24 and the outer sides 62.
  • the heat exchanger 1 advantageously comprises means of forced convection, for example a fan 17, more precisely a centrifugal or centripetal fan, arranged for example inside the passage well, so as to increase the flow of fluid in the passage well, which has the effect of improving the efficiency of the heat transfer, without increasing the bulk.
  • means of forced convection for example a fan 17, more precisely a centrifugal or centripetal fan, arranged for example inside the passage well, so as to increase the flow of fluid in the passage well, which has the effect of improving the efficiency of the heat transfer, without increasing the bulk.
  • the closed intermediate spaces 80 are advantageously configured to increase the distance traveled by the fluid (s) 2 from the inlet opening (s) 12a to the outlet opening (s) 12b, in order to improve the efficiency of the transfer heat, for example by defining a fluid passage circuit extending from one end 61 to the other of the plates 6, and in particular by forcing the fluid or fluids 2 to be produced at least once, preferably several times the around the corresponding opening 18.
  • the closed intermediate spaces 80 can be configured to circulate the fluid (s) 2 orthogonally to the fluid 4 flowing through the open intermediate spaces 82.
  • the closed intermediate spaces 80 may have one or more guide walls 88, connecting the faces 64 opposite the corresponding adjacent plates 6, extending through these closed intermediate spaces 80, around the passage well, for example. in a circular manner, to force the fluid (s) 2 to flow tangentially and from one end 61 to the other of the plates 6.
  • the ends 61 can be formed here by the two faces of a radial wall 63 connecting the interior side 60 and the exterior side 62 as well as the faces 64 opposite the plates 6.
  • the inlet and outlet openings 12a, 12b can be positioned on the same side of this radial wall 63, adjacent thereto, but separated by the guide wall 88.
  • the plates 6 may include one or more projecting obstacles 65 arranged in the intermediate spaces 8 to impede the flow of fluid and thus promote heat transfer.
  • the heat exchanger 1 comprises one or more spacer elements 20 extending inside the open intermediate spaces 82 by connecting the two adjacent plates 6 delimiting these open intermediate spaces 80.
  • the spacer element (s) 20 can be formed by the peripheral wall 68, so that these peripheral walls 68 form a support structure through and along the stack of plates.
  • the spacer element (s) 20 may also include one or more partition walls intended to compartmentalize the open intermediate spaces 82 as described above, and / or radial ribs as shown in the figures 3 and 6 .
  • the spacer elements 20 are preferably distributed at regular intervals around the passage well.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, comprising the heat exchanger 1 having all or part of the characteristics described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un échangeur thermique, et un véhicule comprenant cet échangeur thermique.The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and to a vehicle comprising this heat exchanger.

Les échangeurs thermiques à plaques comprennent traditionnellement plusieurs plaques rectangulaires en aluminium empilées de manière à former entre les plaques adjacentes un espace intermédiaire destiné à la circulation d'un fluide. Il est ainsi connu du document FR2910119 un échangeur thermique non plastique à plaques comprenant une entrée et une sortie, ainsi qu'un empilement de plaques parallèles.Plate heat exchangers traditionally comprise several rectangular aluminum plates stacked so as to form between the adjacent plates an intermediate space intended for the circulation of a fluid. It is thus known from the document FR2910119 a non-plastic plate heat exchanger comprising an inlet and an outlet, as well as a stack of parallel plates.

Classiquement, les échangeurs thermiques comprennent un premier groupe d'espaces intermédiaires connectés fluidiquement les uns aux autres pour la circulation d'un premier fluide à travers la pile de plaques, et un deuxième groupe d'espaces intermédiaires connectés fluidiquement les uns aux autres pour la circulation d'un deuxième fluide à travers la pile de plaques.Conventionally, the heat exchangers comprise a first group of intermediate spaces fluidly connected to each other for the circulation of a first fluid through the stack of plates, and a second group of intermediate spaces fluidly connected to each other for the circulation of a second fluid through the stack of plates.

Cependant, un inconvénient de ces échangeurs thermiques est un encombrement relativement important.However, a drawback of these heat exchangers is a relatively large size.

De plus, les échangeurs thermiques en aluminium présentent une forme parallélépipédique qui rend difficile leur intégration dans un environnement où la place disponible est limitée. Il peut en résulter un rendement relativement limité.In addition, the aluminum heat exchangers have a parallelepiped shape which makes it difficult to integrate them into an environment where the space available is limited. This may result in a relatively limited yield.

Aussi, la présente invention vise à pallier tout ou partie de ces inconvénients en proposant un échangeur thermique offrant une compacité et un rendement améliorés.Also, the present invention aims to overcome all or part of these drawbacks by proposing a heat exchanger offering improved compactness and efficiency.

A cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet un échangeur thermique, en matière plastique, comprenant une pluralité de plaques empilées selon une direction d'empilement prédéterminée, les plaques adjacentes de la pile de plaques étant espacées dans la direction d'empilement de manière à délimiter un ensemble d'espaces intermédiaires destinés à une circulation de fluide entre les plaques, dans lequel les plaques ont un côté extérieur et un côté intérieur opposé, le côté intérieur étant conformé pour délimiter une ouverture, de sorte que l'ensemble des ouvertures forme à travers les plaques empilées un puits de passage de fluide, et dans lequel l'ensemble des espaces intermédiaires comprend des espaces intermédiaires fermés et des espaces intermédiaires ouverts, chaque espace intermédiaire ouvert ayant une première ouverture radiale s'étendant entre les côtés intérieurs de deux plaques adjacentes de manière à déboucher dans le puits de passage de fluide, et une deuxième ouverture radiale s'étendant entre les côtés extérieurs de deux plaques adjacentes, la première ouverture radiale et la deuxième ouverture radiale étant en communication fluidique de manière à permettre une circulation de fluide depuis le puits de passage vers l'extérieur de l'échangeur, ou inversement, et à travers chaque espace intermédiaire ouvert délimité par deux plaques adjacentes.To this end, the subject of the present invention is a heat exchanger, of plastic material, comprising a plurality of plates stacked in a predetermined stacking direction, the adjacent plates of the stack of plates being spaced apart in the stacking direction so delimiting a set of intermediate spaces intended for a circulation of fluid between the plates, in which the plates have an exterior side and an opposite interior side, the interior side being shaped to delimit an opening, so that all of the openings forms through the stacked plates a fluid passage well, and in which the set of intermediate spaces comprises closed intermediate spaces and open intermediate spaces, each open intermediate space having a first radial opening extending between the interior sides of two adjacent plates so as to lead into the pass well of fluid, and a second radial opening extending between the outer sides of two adjacent plates, the first radial opening and the second radial opening being in fluid communication so as to allow circulation of fluid from the passage well to the outside the exchanger, or vice versa, and through each open intermediate space delimited by two adjacent plates.

Ainsi, l'échangeur thermique selon l'invention présente un puits de passage permettant une entrée ou sortie de fluide axialement, orthogonalement à la circulation de fluide entre les plaques, ce qui améliore le rendement de l'échange thermique. De plus, le puits de passage dégage un espace pouvant permettre de positionner l'échangeur thermique dans des endroits plus difficiles d'accès, si bien que l'échangeur thermique est moins encombrant.Thus, the heat exchanger according to the invention has a passage well allowing an inlet or outlet of fluid axially, orthogonally to the circulation of fluid between the plates, which improves the efficiency of the heat exchange. In addition, the passage well clears a space which can allow the heat exchanger to be positioned in places that are more difficult to access, so that the heat exchanger is less bulky.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, les ouvertures délimitant le puits de passage ont une forme et une superficie similaires.According to a preferred embodiment, the openings delimiting the passage well have a similar shape and surface.

Ainsi, il n'y a pas de plaques dont le côté intérieur déborde à l'intérieur du puits de passage. Cela améliore l'écoulement du fluide dans le puits de passage, la distribution homogène du fluide à travers les espaces intermédiaires ouverts, et donc à un meilleur rendement de l'échange thermique.Thus, there are no plates whose inner side extends beyond the interior of the passage well. This improves the flow of the fluid in the passage well, the homogeneous distribution of the fluid through the open intermediate spaces, and therefore a better efficiency of the heat exchange.

De préférence, les ouvertures sont circulaires.Preferably, the openings are circular.

Ainsi, la distribution de fluide à travers un même espace intermédiaire ouvert a lieu de manière plus uniforme.Thus, the distribution of fluid through the same open intermediate space takes place in a more uniform manner.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, la première ouverture radiale s'étend tout le long du côté intérieur de chaque plaque délimitant un espace intermédiaire ouvert.According to a preferred embodiment, the first radial opening extends along the inside of each plate delimiting an open intermediate space.

Cela améliore le débit de fluide, donc le rendement du transfert thermique.This improves the flow of fluid, therefore the efficiency of heat transfer.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, la deuxième ouverture radiale s'étend tout le long du côté extérieur de chaque plaque délimitant un espace intermédiaire ouvert.According to a preferred embodiment, the second radial opening extends along the outside of each plate delimiting an open intermediate space.

Cela améliore aussi le débit de fluide et conséquemment le rendement du transfert thermique.This also improves the fluid flow and consequently the efficiency of the heat transfer.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, l'échangeur thermique comprend au moins une paroi s'étendant à travers le puits de passage pour délimiter à travers le puits de passage au moins deux compartiments chacun destiné à la circulation d'un fluide.According to a preferred embodiment, the heat exchanger comprises at least one wall extending through the passage well to delimit through the passage well at least two compartments each intended for the circulation of a fluid.

Ainsi, le puits de passage peut être utilisé pour distribuer plusieurs fluides à travers l'échangeur thermique.Thus, the passage well can be used to distribute several fluids through the heat exchanger.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le puits de passage s'étend de manière rectiligne.According to a preferred embodiment, the passage well extends in a rectilinear manner.

Un avantage de cette caractéristique est de permettre une distribution uniforme de fluide à travers l'ensemble des espaces intermédiaires ouverts. Ainsi, cela améliore le rendement du transfert thermique.An advantage of this characteristic is to allow a uniform distribution of fluid across all of the open intermediate spaces. Thus, this improves the efficiency of heat transfer.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, l'échangeur thermique comprend des moyens de convection forcée agencés à l'intérieur du puits de passage.According to a preferred embodiment, the heat exchanger comprises means of forced convection arranged inside the passage well.

Cette caractéristique améliore le rendement de l'échange thermique.This characteristic improves the efficiency of the heat exchange.

Les moyens de convection forcée comprennent par exemple un ventilateur.The forced convection means include for example a fan.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le côté intérieur des plaques s'étend selon une ligne fermée.According to a preferred embodiment, the interior side of the plates extends in a closed line.

Cette caractéristique améliore le rendement de l'échange thermique.This characteristic improves the efficiency of the heat exchange.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, l'échangeur thermique présente une alternance d'espaces intermédiaires fermés et d'espaces intermédiaires ouverts.According to a preferred embodiment, the heat exchanger has an alternation of closed intermediate spaces and open intermediate spaces.

Ainsi, un espace intermédiaire sur deux est en communication avec le puits de passage. Cela augmente l'interface d'échange thermique, donc le rendement de l'échange thermique.Thus, one in two intermediate spaces is in communication with the passage well. This increases the heat exchange interface, therefore the efficiency of the heat exchange.

De manière avantageuse, l'ensemble d'espaces intermédiaires comprend des espaces intermédiaires fermés adjacents aux espaces intermédiaires ouverts, et les espaces intermédiaires fermés délimitent un circuit de passage de fluide s'étendant tout autour du puits de passage.Advantageously, the set of intermediate spaces comprises closed intermediate spaces adjacent to the open intermediate spaces, and the closed intermediate spaces delimit a fluid passage circuit extending all around the passage well.

Cette caractéristique augmente la surface d'échange thermique.This characteristic increases the heat exchange surface.

Avantageusement, ledit circuit de passage comprend au moins une cloison interne positionnée entre une entrée et une sortie de manière à contraindre un fluide à s'écouler plusieurs fois autour de la direction dans laquelle s'étend le puits de passage.Advantageously, said passage circuit comprises at least one internal partition positioned between an inlet and an outlet so as to force a fluid to flow several times around the direction in which the passage well extends.

Cette caractéristique améliore le rendement du transfert thermique.This characteristic improves the efficiency of heat transfer.

Selon une forme d'exécution, l'échangeur thermique comprend un ou plusieurs obstacles agencés entre la première ouverture radiale et la deuxième ouverture radiale pour entraver l'écoulement de fluide.According to one embodiment, the heat exchanger comprises one or more obstacles arranged between the first radial opening and the second radial opening to impede the flow of fluid.

Les obstacles créent un écoulement turbulent favorisant le transfert thermique.Obstacles create a turbulent flow favoring heat transfer.

Selon un autre aspect, l'invention a aussi pour objet un véhicule comprenant un échangeur thermique ayant les caractéristiques précitées.According to another aspect, the invention also relates to a vehicle comprising a heat exchanger having the aforementioned characteristics.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront clairement de la description détaillée ci-après d'un mode de réalisation, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un échangeur thermique selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • La figure 2 est une vue en coupe et en perspective d'un échangeur thermique selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • La figure 3 est une vue éclatée et en perspective d'un échangeur thermique selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • La figure 4 est une vue en perspective d'un échangeur thermique selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • La figure 5 est une vue en coupe et en perspective d'un échangeur thermique selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • La figure 6 est une vue éclatée et en perspective d'un échangeur thermique selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • Les figures 7 et 8 sont des vues en coupe partielle et en perspective d'un échangeur thermique selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • La figure 9 est une vue éclatée et en perspective d'un échangeur thermique selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge clearly from the detailed description below of an embodiment, given by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • The figure 1 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention,
  • The figure 2 is a sectional and perspective view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention,
  • The figure 3 is an exploded and perspective view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention,
  • The figure 4 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention,
  • The figure 5 is a sectional and perspective view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention,
  • The figure 6 is an exploded and perspective view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention,
  • The Figures 7 and 8 are views in partial section and in perspective of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention,
  • The figure 9 is an exploded and perspective view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention.

La figure 1 montre un échangeur 1 thermique selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention. L'échangeur 1 thermique est destiné à permettre un transfert thermique entre au moins deux fluides 2, 4, comme illustré schématiquement sur la figure 3. L'échangeur 1 thermique peut équiper par exemple un véhicule, notamment un véhicule automobile.The figure 1 shows a heat exchanger 1 according to an embodiment of the invention. The heat exchanger 1 is intended to allow heat transfer between at least two fluids 2, 4, as illustrated diagrammatically on the figure 3 . The heat exchanger 1 can equip for example a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle.

L'échangeur 1 thermique est de type échangeur de chaleur à plaques. L'échangeur 1 thermique comprend une pluralité de plaques 6 empilées selon une direction E d'empilement prédéterminée.The heat exchanger 1 is of the plate heat exchanger type. The heat exchanger 1 comprises a plurality of plates 6 stacked in a predetermined stacking direction E.

La direction E d'empilement peut être rectiligne. Comme visible sur les figures 1 et 4, la direction E d'empilement peut être perpendiculaire aux plaques 6.The stacking direction E can be straight. As seen on figures 1 and 4 , the stacking direction E can be perpendicular to the plates 6.

L'échangeur 1 thermique peut comprendre deux plaques 7 d'extrémité entre lesquelles s'étend la pile de plaques 6.The heat exchanger 1 may comprise two end plates 7 between which the stack of plates 6 extends.

Les plaques 6 adjacentes de cette pile de plaques sont espacées dans la direction E d'empilement de manière à délimiter, entre les plaques 6 adjacentes, un ensemble d'espaces 8 intermédiaires destinés à une circulation de fluide entre les plaques 6.The adjacent plates 6 of this stack of plates are spaced in the stacking direction E so as to delimit, between the adjacent plates 6, a set of intermediate spaces 8 intended for a circulation of fluid between the plates 6.

Les plaques 6 peuvent être de même forme et de mêmes dimensions, si bien qu'une fois empilées, les bords extérieurs des plaques 6 coïncident. Selon l'exemple des figures, les plaques 6 ont une forme de disque.The plates 6 can be of the same shape and the same dimensions, so that once stacked, the outer edges of the plates 6 coincide. According to the example of the figures, the plates 6 have a disc shape.

Les plaques 6 présentent une tranche ou côté 60 intérieur, ainsi qu'une tranche ou côté 62 extérieur, opposé au côté 60 intérieur, s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale des plaques, le cas échéant d'une extrémité 61 à l'autre des plaques 6.The plates 6 have an inner edge or side 60, as well as an outer edge or side 62, opposite the inner side 60, extending in the longitudinal direction of the plates, if necessary from one end 61 to the other of the plates 6.

Les plaques 6 sont configurées pour permettre un échange thermique à travers celles-ci, c'est-à-dire d'un espace 8 intermédiaire à un espace 8 intermédiaire adjacent.The plates 6 are configured to allow heat exchange therethrough, that is to say from an intermediate space 8 to an adjacent intermediate space 8.

Ainsi, on notera que l'échangeur 1 thermique, notamment les plaques 6, 7, est réalisé en matière plastique, notamment en matière plastique contenant une charge thermiquement conductrice, comme par exemple du polyamide 66 (PA66) incluant une charge de graphite et/ou de carbone, pour procurer une conductivité thermique à 20°C supérieure à 0, 6 W.m-1.K-1, de préférence égale ou supérieure à 1 W.m-1.K-1.Thus, it will be noted that the heat exchanger 1, in particular the plates 6, 7, is made of plastic, in particular of plastic containing a thermally conductive filler, such as for example polyamide 66 (PA66) including a filler of graphite and / or carbon, to provide a thermal conductivity at 20 ° C greater than 0.6 Wm -1 .K -1 , preferably equal to or greater than 1 Wm -1 .K -1 .

Chaque plaque 6 peut présenter une épaisseur et/ou une densité différente de celle d'une ou plusieurs autres plaques 6, par exemple croissante ou décroissante dans la direction E d'empilement, si bien que la pile de plaques 6 présente avantageusement un gradient thermique prédéterminé à travers la pile de plaques 6.Each plate 6 may have a thickness and / or a density different from that of one or more other plates 6, for example increasing or decreasing in the direction E of stacking, so that the stack of plates 6 advantageously has a thermal gradient predetermined through the stack of plates 6.

L'ensemble des espaces 8 intermédiaires comprend des espaces 80 intermédiaires fermés, et des espaces 82 intermédiaires ouverts.The set of intermediate spaces 8 comprises closed intermediate spaces 80, and open intermediate spaces 82.

De préférence, les espaces 80 intermédiaires fermés et les espaces 82 intermédiaires ouverts sont agencés de manière alternée dans la direction E d'empilement.Preferably, the closed intermediate spaces 80 and the open intermediate spaces 82 are arranged alternately in the stacking direction E.

Les espaces 80 intermédiaires fermés sont destinés à la circulation d'au moins un fluide 2 dans un volume fermé qui est ici délimité par des faces 64 en regard de deux plaques 6 adjacentes, une paroi 67 latérale extérieure qui relie notamment les côtés 62 extérieurs de ces plaques 6 adjacentes, et une paroi 66 latérale intérieure reliant notamment les côtés 60 intérieurs des deux plaques 6 adjacentes correspondantes.The closed intermediate spaces 80 are intended for the circulation of at least one fluid 2 in a closed volume which is here delimited by faces 64 facing two adjacent plates 6, an external lateral wall 67 which in particular connects the external sides 62 of these adjacent plates 6, and an interior lateral wall 66 connecting in particular the interior sides 60 of the two corresponding adjacent plates 6.

Les espaces 80 intermédiaires fermés sont avantageusement en communication fluidique les uns les autres, c'est-à-dire sont adaptés pour permettre une circulation de fluide d'un espace 80 intermédiaire fermé à un autre de préférence consécutif dans la direction E d'empilement.The closed intermediate spaces 80 are advantageously in fluid communication with each other, that is to say are adapted to allow a circulation of fluid from an intermediate space 80 closed to another preferably consecutive in the stacking direction E .

L'échangeur 1 thermique comprend à cet effet un réseau de distribution et un réseau d'évacuation de fluide pour distribuer et évacuer un ou plusieurs fluides dans les espaces 80 intermédiaires fermés, ces réseaux étant formés par des ouvertures 12 pouvant être ménagées à travers les plaques 6. Les ouvertures 12 comprennent des ouvertures 12a d'entrée, formant le réseau de distribution, et des ouvertures 12b de sortie, formant le réseau d'évacuation. Au sein de chaque espace 80 intermédiaire fermé débouchent au moins une ouverture 12a d'entrée et une ouverture 12b de sortie. Pour conduire un fluide d'un espace 80 intermédiaire fermé à un autre, à travers un ou des espaces 82 intermédiaires ouverts, l'échangeur 1 thermique peut comprendre une paroi 68 périphérique s'étendant tout autour d'une ou plusieurs ouvertures 12 de manière à former un conduit de guidage. On notera que les ouvertures 12, notamment les ouvertures 12a d'entrée et/ou les ouvertures 12b de sortie, sont avantageusement coaxiales pour limiter les pertes de charge dans l'échangeur 1 thermique.The heat exchanger 1 for this purpose comprises a distribution network and a fluid evacuation network for distributing and evacuating one or more fluids in the closed intermediate spaces 80, these networks being formed by openings 12 which can be formed through the plates 6. The openings 12 comprise inlet openings 12a, forming the distribution network, and outlet openings 12b, forming the discharge network. Within each closed intermediate space 80 open at least one inlet opening 12a and one outlet opening 12b. To conduct a fluid from one intermediate space 80 closed to another, through one or more open intermediate spaces 82, the heat exchanger 1 may comprise a peripheral wall 68 extending all around one or more openings 12 so to form a guide duct. It will be noted that the openings 12, in particular the inlet openings 12a and / or the outlet openings 12b, are advantageously coaxial in order to limit the pressure drops in the heat exchanger 1.

L'échangeur 1 thermique présente au moins une entrée 14, débouchant sur le réseau de distribution de fluide, pour admettre un fluide 2 à l'intérieur des espaces 80 intermédiaires fermés de la pile de plaques 6 et au moins une sortie 16, communiquant avec le réseau d'évacuation, pour évacuer le fluide 2 hors des espaces 80 intermédiaires de la pile de plaques 6. L'entrée 14 et la sortie 16 sont notamment ménagées à travers une des deux plaques 7 d'extrémité, plus précisément la même plaque 7 d'extrémité.The heat exchanger 1 has at least one inlet 14, opening onto the fluid distribution network, for admitting a fluid 2 inside the closed intermediate spaces 80 of the stack of plates 6 and at least one outlet 16, communicating with the evacuation network, to evacuate the fluid 2 out of the intermediate spaces 80 of the stack of plates 6. The inlet 14 and the outlet 16 are notably formed through one of the two end plates 7, more precisely the same plate 7 end.

Les espaces 82 intermédiaires ouverts sont destinés à la circulation d'au moins un fluide 4 dans un volume ouvert ici délimité entre des faces 69 en regard de deux plaques 6 adjacentes, de sorte que ce fluide peut traverser la pile de plaques 6 soit depuis l'extérieur de l'échangeur 1 thermique jusqu'au puits de passage, soit depuis le puits de passage jusqu'à l'extérieur de l'échangeur 1 thermique.The open intermediate spaces 82 are intended for the circulation of at least one fluid 4 in an open volume here delimited between faces 69 facing two adjacent plates 6, so that this fluid can pass through the stack of plates 6 either from the outside the heat exchanger 1 to the passage well, ie from the passage well to the outside of the heat exchanger 1.

Chaque espace 82 intermédiaire ouvert a une première ouverture 84 radiale s'étendant entre les côtés 60 intérieurs de deux plaques 6 adjacentes, et une deuxième ouverture 86 radiale s'étendant entre les côtés 62 extérieurs des deux plaques 6 adjacentes correspondantes. La première ouverture 84 radiale et la deuxième ouverture 86 radiale sont en communication fluidique à travers l'espace 82 intermédiaire ouvert correspondant depuis l'une de ces deux ouvertures 84, 86 jusqu'à l'autre.Each open intermediate space 82 has a first radial opening 84 extending between the interior sides 60 of two adjacent plates 6, and a second radial opening 86 extending between the exterior sides 62 of the corresponding two adjacent plates 6. The first radial opening 84 and the second radial opening 86 are in fluid communication through the corresponding open intermediate space 82 from one of these two openings 84, 86 to the other.

Les plaques 6 s'étendent longitudinalement selon une trajectoire non rectiligne, notamment une trajectoire curviligne, et plus précisément circulaire, comme illustré sur les figures, d'une extrémité 61 à l'autre, de sorte que les côtés 60 intérieurs des plaques 6 délimitent une ouverture 18. Le côté 62 extérieur des plaques 6 s'étend sur une distance plus grande que le côté 60 intérieur ; les côtés 60 intérieurs et les côtés 62 extérieurs peuvent être circulaires, de même diamètre respectif d'une plaque 6 à une autre.The plates 6 extend longitudinally along a non-rectilinear trajectory, in particular a curvilinear trajectory, and more precisely circular, as illustrated in the figures, from one end 61 to the other, so that the interior sides 60 of the plates 6 delimit an opening 18. The outside side 62 of the plates 6 extends over a greater distance than the inside side 60; the inner sides 60 and the outer sides 62 may be circular, of the same respective diameter from one plate 6 to another.

Les ouvertures 18 de deux plaques 6 adjacentes se chevauchent en tout ou partie, de préférence se superposent, de sorte que l'ensemble des ouvertures 18 délimite un puits de passage s'étendant de préférence dans la direction E d'empilement, à travers la pile de plaques 6.The openings 18 of two adjacent plates 6 overlap in whole or in part, preferably overlap, so that all of the openings 18 delimit a passage well preferably extending in the direction E of stacking, through the stack of plates 6.

Le puits de passage est destiné à la circulation d'au moins un fluide 4 à travers la pile de plaques 6, comme illustré schématiquement sur la figure 3.The passage well is intended for the circulation of at least one fluid 4 through the stack of plates 6, as illustrated diagrammatically on the figure 3 .

Les ouvertures 18 peuvent être alignées selon la direction d'empilement, par exemple coaxiales comme visible sur les figures. Le puits de passage ainsi délimité peut être rectiligne, par exemple cylindrique.The openings 18 can be aligned in the stacking direction, for example coaxial as visible in the figures. The passage well thus defined can be rectilinear, for example cylindrical.

Les ouvertures 18 ont avantageusement une forme, de préférence circulaire, et une superficie, le cas échéant diamètre, similaires.The openings 18 advantageously have a shape, preferably circular, and a surface, if necessary diameter, similar.

Les ouvertures 18 peuvent être ouvertes vers l'extérieur, comme illustré sur la figure 2, ou de préférence fermées, comme visible par exemple sur les figures 1 et 3, c'est-à-dire que les côtés 60 intérieurs s'étendent selon une ligne fermée et entourent complètement les ouvertures 18. Le cas échéant, les ouvertures 18, et conséquemment le puits de passage, sont avantageusement positionnées au centre des plaques 6, pour un meilleur rendement de l'échange thermique. Les ouvertures 18 sont traversantes, c'est-à-dire débouchent chacune sur les deux faces 64, 69 opposées de chaque plaque 6 correspondante.The openings 18 can be opened towards the outside, as illustrated on the figure 2 , or preferably closed, as visible for example on Figures 1 and 3 , that is to say that the interior sides 60 extend in a closed line and completely surround the openings 18. If necessary, the openings 18, and consequently the passage well, are advantageously positioned in the center of the plates 6 , for a better efficiency of the heat exchange. The openings 18 are through, that is to say, each open on the two opposite faces 64, 69 of each corresponding plate 6.

Les premières ouvertures 84 radiales débouchent dans le puits de passage, tandis que les deuxièmes ouvertures 86 radiales débouchent à l'extérieur de l'échangeur 1 thermique, à l'opposé du puits de passage, de sorte que l'échangeur 1 thermique permet une circulation de fluide depuis le puits de passage vers l'extérieur de l'échangeur 1, ou inversement, et à travers chaque espace 82 intermédiaire ouvert délimité par deux plaques 2 adjacentes.The first radial openings 84 open into the passage well, while the second radial openings 86 open to the outside of the heat exchanger 1, opposite the passage well, so that the heat exchanger 1 allows a circulation of fluid from the passage well to the outside of the exchanger 1, or vice versa, and through each open intermediate space 82 delimited by two adjacent plates 2.

Une ou les deux plaques 7 d'extrémité peuvent aussi présenter une ouverture 18 similaire à celle délimitée par les plaques 6 de la pile de plaques 6. L'ouverture 18 délimitée par la ou les plaques 7 d'extrémité peut ainsi faire office d'entrée ou sortie pour le ou les fluides destinés à circuler à travers le puits de passage.One or both end plates 7 may also have an opening 18 similar to that delimited by the plates 6 of the stack of plates 6. The opening 18 delimited by the end plate or plates 7 can thus act as inlet or outlet for the fluid or fluids intended to flow through the passage well.

De préférence, les premières ouvertures 84 radiales s'étendent tout le long des côtés 60 intérieurs la délimitant, c'est-dire s'étendent tout autour du puits de passage, préférentiellement de manière continue, pour maximiser la surface d'entrée ou sortie de fluide à l'intérieur de l'espace 82 intermédiaire ouvert correspondant. De même, les deuxièmes ouvertures 86 radiales peuvent s'étendre tout le long des côtés 62 extérieurs, c'est-à-dire tout autour de la pile de plaques 6, préférentiellement de manière continue.Preferably, the first radial openings 84 extend all along the interior sides 60 delimiting it, that is to say extend all around the passage well, preferably continuously, to maximize the entry or exit surface. of fluid inside the corresponding open intermediate space 82. Likewise, the second radial openings 86 can extend all along the sides 62 outside, that is to say all around the stack of plates 6, preferably continuously.

Comme illustré sur les figures 7 à 9, l'échangeur 1 thermique peut comprendre au moins une paroi 22 séparatrice s'étendant à travers le puits de passage, le long de celui-ci, pour délimiter à travers le puits de passage en au moins deux compartiments chacun destiné à la circulation d'un fluide. Les espaces 82 intermédiaires ouverts peuvent en outre comporter une ou des parois 87 radiales agencées dans le prolongement de la paroi séparatrice pour délimiter au sein des espaces 82 intermédiaires ouverts des compartiments communiquant chacun avec l'un des compartiments du puits de passage. Selon l'exemple des figures 7 à 9, deux fluides, représentés par les flèches 30 et 32, sont destinés à circuler à travers le puits de passage et les espaces 82 intermédiaires ouverts.As illustrated on figures 7 to 9 , the heat exchanger 1 can comprise at least one separating wall 22 extending through the passage well, along the latter, to delimit through the passage well into at least two compartments each intended for circulation d 'a fluid. The open intermediate spaces 82 may further include one or more radial walls 87 arranged in the extension of the separating wall to delimit, within the open intermediate spaces 82, compartments each communicating with one of the compartments of the passage well. According to the example of figures 7 to 9 , two fluids, represented by the arrows 30 and 32, are intended to circulate through the passage well and the open intermediate spaces 82.

La paroi 22 séparatrice peut être formée par la juxtaposition et l'assemblage de tiges 220 séparatrices, chaque tige 220 séparatrice s'étendant à travers l'ouverture 18 d'une des plaques 6, en joignant deux emplacements distincts du côté 60 intérieur de cette plaque 6. Selon l'exemple des figures 7 à 9, les tiges 220 séparatrices s'étendent de façon rectiligne et relient deux emplacements diamétralement opposés du côté 60 intérieur.The separating wall 22 can be formed by the juxtaposition and the assembly of separating rods 220, each separating rod 220 extending through the opening 18 of one of the plates 6, by joining two distinct locations on the interior side 60 of this plate 6. According to the example of figures 7 to 9 , the separating rods 220 extend in a rectilinear fashion and connect two diametrically opposite locations on the inner side 60.

Aussi, toujours selon l'exemple des figures 7 à 9, les plaques 6 peuvent présenter un élément de paroi 24 périphérique s'étendant à distance et autour du côté 62 extérieur, par exemple parallèlement à celui-ci. Les éléments de paroi 24 périphérique délimitent avec les côtés 62 extérieurs des plaques 6 un conduit de guidage pour soit distribuer des fluides à partir d'une entrée/sortie 26 vers les deuxièmes ouvertures 86 radiales, soit collecter les fluides en sortie des deuxièmes ouvertures 86 radiales et les guider vers l'entrée/sortie 26.Also, always according to the example of figures 7 to 9 , the plates 6 may have a peripheral wall element 24 extending at a distance and around the outside side 62, for example parallel to the latter. The peripheral wall elements 24 delimit with the outer sides 62 of the plates 6 a guide duct for either distributing fluids from an inlet / outlet 26 towards the second radial openings 86, or collecting the fluids at the outlet from the second openings 86 and guide them towards the entry / exit 26.

Les plaques 6 comprennent en outre des tiges 28 de liaison qui relient le côté 62 extérieur à l'élément de paroi 24 périphérique correspondant. Comme visible sur les figures 7 à 9, au moins plusieurs de ces tiges 28 de liaison sont agencées dans le prolongement des parois 87 radiales, de manière à compartimenter le conduit de guidage formé entre les éléments de paroi 24 périphérique et les côtés 62 extérieur.The plates 6 further comprise connecting rods 28 which connect the outer side 62 to the corresponding peripheral wall element 24. As seen on figures 7 to 9 , at least several of these connecting rods 28 are arranged in the extension of the radial walls 87, so as to compartmentalize the guide duct formed between the peripheral wall elements 24 and the outer sides 62.

Par ailleurs, comme illustré sur les figures 4 à 6, l'échangeur 1 thermique comprend avantageusement des moyens de convection forcée, par exemple un ventilateur 17, plus précisément un ventilateur centrifuge ou centripète, agencés par exemple à l'intérieur du puits de passage, de manière à augmenter le débit de fluide dans le puits de passage, ce qui a pour effet d'améliorer le rendement du transfert thermique, sans augmenter l'encombrement.In addition, as illustrated on the figures 4 to 6 , the heat exchanger 1 advantageously comprises means of forced convection, for example a fan 17, more precisely a centrifugal or centripetal fan, arranged for example inside the passage well, so as to increase the flow of fluid in the passage well, which has the effect of improving the efficiency of the heat transfer, without increasing the bulk.

On notera que les espaces 80 intermédiaires fermés sont avantageusement configurés pour augmenter la distance parcourue par le ou les fluides 2 depuis la ou les ouvertures 12a d'entrée jusqu'à la ou les ouvertures 12b de sortie, afin d'améliorer le rendement du transfert de chaleur, par exemple en délimitant un circuit de passage de fluide s'étendant d'une extrémité 61 à l'autre des plaques 6, et notamment en contraignant le ou les fluides 2 à réaliser au moins une fois, de préférence plusieurs fois le tour de l'ouverture 18 correspondante.It will be noted that the closed intermediate spaces 80 are advantageously configured to increase the distance traveled by the fluid (s) 2 from the inlet opening (s) 12a to the outlet opening (s) 12b, in order to improve the efficiency of the transfer heat, for example by defining a fluid passage circuit extending from one end 61 to the other of the plates 6, and in particular by forcing the fluid or fluids 2 to be produced at least once, preferably several times the around the corresponding opening 18.

Aussi, les espaces 80 intermédiaires fermés peuvent être configurés pour faire circuler le ou les fluides 2 orthogonalement au fluide 4 circulant à travers les espaces 82 intermédiaires ouverts.Also, the closed intermediate spaces 80 can be configured to circulate the fluid (s) 2 orthogonally to the fluid 4 flowing through the open intermediate spaces 82.

Pour ce faire, les espaces 80 intermédiaires fermés peuvent présenter une ou des parois 88 de guidage, reliant les faces 64 en regard des plaques 6 adjacentes correspondantes, s'étendant à travers ces espaces 80 intermédiaires fermés, autour du puits de passage, par exemple de manière circulaire, pour contraindre le ou les fluides 2 à circuler tangentiellement et d'une extrémité 61 à l'autre des plaques 6.To do this, the closed intermediate spaces 80 may have one or more guide walls 88, connecting the faces 64 opposite the corresponding adjacent plates 6, extending through these closed intermediate spaces 80, around the passage well, for example. in a circular manner, to force the fluid (s) 2 to flow tangentially and from one end 61 to the other of the plates 6.

Les extrémités 61 peuvent être formées ici par les deux faces d'une paroi 63 radiale reliant le côté 60 intérieur et le côté 62 extérieur ainsi que les faces 64 en regard des plaques 6. Les ouvertures 12a, 12b d'entrée et de sortie peuvent être positionnées du même côté de cette paroi 63 radiale, adjacentes à celle-ci, mais séparées par la paroi 88 de guidage.The ends 61 can be formed here by the two faces of a radial wall 63 connecting the interior side 60 and the exterior side 62 as well as the faces 64 opposite the plates 6. The inlet and outlet openings 12a, 12b can be positioned on the same side of this radial wall 63, adjacent thereto, but separated by the guide wall 88.

Bien entendu, les plaques 6 peuvent comprendre un ou plusieurs obstacles 65 en saillie agencés dans les espaces 8 intermédiaires pour entraver l'écoulement de fluide et favoriser ainsi le transfert thermique.Of course, the plates 6 may include one or more projecting obstacles 65 arranged in the intermediate spaces 8 to impede the flow of fluid and thus promote heat transfer.

Comme illustré sur les figures 3 et 6, l'échangeur 1 thermique comprend un ou plusieurs éléments 20 d'entretoise s'étendant à l'intérieur des espaces 82 intermédiaires ouverts en reliant les deux plaques 6 adjacentes délimitant ces espaces 80 intermédiaires ouverts. Le ou les éléments 20 d'entretoise peuvent être formés par la paroi 68 périphérique, de sorte que ces parois 68 périphériques forment une structure de support à travers la pile de plaques et le long de celle-ci. Le ou les éléments 20 d'entretoise peuvent aussi comprendre une ou plusieurs parois de cloisonnement destinée à compartimenter les espaces 82 intermédiaires ouverts comme décrit précédemment, et/ou des nervures radiales comme cela est représenté sur les figures 3 et 6. Les éléments 20 d'entretoise sont de préférence répartis à intervalles réguliers autour du puits de passage.As illustrated on figures 3 and 6 , the heat exchanger 1 comprises one or more spacer elements 20 extending inside the open intermediate spaces 82 by connecting the two adjacent plates 6 delimiting these open intermediate spaces 80. The spacer element (s) 20 can be formed by the peripheral wall 68, so that these peripheral walls 68 form a support structure through and along the stack of plates. The spacer element (s) 20 may also include one or more partition walls intended to compartmentalize the open intermediate spaces 82 as described above, and / or radial ribs as shown in the figures 3 and 6 . The spacer elements 20 are preferably distributed at regular intervals around the passage well.

L'invention concerne aussi un véhicule, notamment un véhicule automobile, comprenant l'échangeur 1 thermique ayant tout ou partie des caractéristiques décrites ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, comprising the heat exchanger 1 having all or part of the characteristics described above.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est nullement limitée au mode de réalisation décrit ci-dessus, ce mode de réalisation n'ayant été donné qu'à titre d'exemple. Des modifications sont possibles, notamment du point de vue de la constitution des divers dispositifs ou par la substitution d'équivalents techniques, sans sortir pour autant du domaine de protection de l'invention.Of course, the invention is in no way limited to the embodiment described above, this embodiment having been given only by way of example. Modifications are possible, in particular from the point of view of the constitution of the various devices or by the substitution of technical equivalents, without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (10)

  1. A heat exchanger (1), made of a plastic material, comprising a plurality of plates (6) stacked according to a predetermined stacking direction (E), the adjacent plates (6) of the stack of plates (6) being spaced apart in the stacking direction (E) so as to delimit a set of intermediate spaces (8) intended for a fluid circulation between the plates (6), wherein the plates (6) have an external side (62) and a opposite internal side (60), the internal side (60) being shaped so as to delimit an opening (18), such that all the openings (18) form, through the stacked plates (6), a fluid passage well, and wherein the set of intermediate spaces (8) comprises closed intermediate spaces (80) and open intermediate spaces (82), each open intermediate space (82) having a first radial opening (84) extending between the internal sides (60) of two adjacent plates (6) so as to open into the fluid passage well, and a second radial opening (86) extending between the external sides (62) of two adjacent plates (6), the first radial opening (84) and the second radial opening (86) being in fluid communication so as to enable a fluid circulation from the passage well to the outside of the exchanger (1), or vice versa, and through each open intermediate space (82) delimited by two adjacent plates (6).
  2. The heat exchanger (1) according to claim 1, wherein the openings (18) delimiting the passage well have similar shape and area.
  3. The heat exchanger (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first radial opening (84) extends along the entire internal side (60) of each plate (6) delimiting an open intermediate space (82).
  4. The heat exchanger (1) according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second radial opening (86) extends along the entire external side (62) of each plate (6) delimiting an open intermediate space (82).
  5. The heat exchanger (1) according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat exchanger (1) comprises at least one wall (22) extending through the passage well to delimit, through the well passage, at least two compartments each intended for the circulation of one fluid.
  6. The heat exchanger (1) according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the passage well extends in a rectilinear manner.
  7. The heat exchanger (1) according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heat exchanger (1) comprises forced convection means arranged inside the passage well.
  8. The heat exchanger (1) according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the internal side (60) of the plates (6) extends according to a closed line.
  9. The heat exchanger (1) according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the heat exchanger (1) has an alternation of closed intermediate spaces (80) and open intermediate spaces (82).
  10. A vehicle comprising a heat exchanger (1) according to any of claims 1 to 9.
EP17725716.9A 2016-05-04 2017-05-04 Plastic heat exchanger and vehicle comprising this exchanger Active EP3452772B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1654054A FR3051036B1 (en) 2016-05-04 2016-05-04 THERMAL EXCHANGER OF PLASTIC MATERIAL AND VEHICLE COMPRISING THIS EXCHANGER
PCT/FR2017/051073 WO2017191418A1 (en) 2016-05-04 2017-05-04 Plastic heat exchanger and vehicle comprising this exchanger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3452772A1 EP3452772A1 (en) 2019-03-13
EP3452772B1 true EP3452772B1 (en) 2020-03-11

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17725716.9A Active EP3452772B1 (en) 2016-05-04 2017-05-04 Plastic heat exchanger and vehicle comprising this exchanger

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3452772B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2790744T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3051036B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017191418A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114111417B (en) * 2021-11-25 2024-04-26 岭东核电有限公司 Printed circuit board heat exchanger and heat exchange system
US12050064B2 (en) 2022-07-07 2024-07-30 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Radially-flowing cross flow heat exchanger that increases primary heat transfer surface

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060174611A1 (en) * 2005-02-07 2006-08-10 Dilley Roland L Exhaust gas cooler
FR2910119A1 (en) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-20 Renault Sas Heat exchanger for internal combustion engine, has stack of plates defining openings, where openings present different geometries such that circulation paths induce identical friction losses on coolant and oil

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060174611A1 (en) * 2005-02-07 2006-08-10 Dilley Roland L Exhaust gas cooler
FR2910119A1 (en) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-20 Renault Sas Heat exchanger for internal combustion engine, has stack of plates defining openings, where openings present different geometries such that circulation paths induce identical friction losses on coolant and oil

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2790744T3 (en) 2020-10-29
FR3051036A1 (en) 2017-11-10
EP3452772A1 (en) 2019-03-13
WO2017191418A1 (en) 2017-11-09
FR3051036B1 (en) 2018-04-27

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